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Table of Contents

Preface ...... viii Executive summary ...... ix

Section I: The Country Case Study

1. Introduction and Background...... 1 1.1 The ProVention Consortium lesson learning review...... 1 1.2 Background to the Mozambique country case study...... 1

2. Background to Natural Disasters in Mozambique ...... 3 2.1 The natural disaster context in Mozambique...... 3 2.2 The Mozambique context for recovery...... 4 2.3 The 2000 and 2001 floods...... 6

3. Policy ...... 8 3.1 The context of poverty reduction and disaster management policies...... 8 3.2 Recovery objectives and strategy...... 9

4. Systems...... 10 4.1 Needs assessment...... 10 4.2 Coordination and implementation of recovery...... 10 4.3 Coordination and implementation at the district level...... 11 4.4 Community participation and communication...... 12

5. Resources...... 13 5.1 Donor conference and response...... 13 5.2 Balance of payments and debt relief...... 15 5.3 Sectoral responses...... 16 5.4 Corruption...... 17

6. Impact and Livelihoods...... 19 6.1 Introduction...... 19 6.2 Response to livelihoods...... 19 6.3 Resettlement...... 21 6.4 Housing...... 21 6.5 Gender equality...... 22 6.6 Political impact...... 22 6.7 Mitigation and preparedness...... 22

7. Conclusions and Lessons Learned...... 24 7.1 Overview...... 24 7.2 Lessons from the community survey...... 24

8. Recommendations...... 26

Annexes

A. Mozambique Case Study Interviewees...... 27

vi B. Major Natural Disasters in Mozambique, 1976 – 1999...... 29

C. Evolution of Donors’ Response to Government Appeal on Post-flood Reconstruction Program as of August 28, 2001...... 30

D. Photographs...... 31

Section II: The Mozambique Community Survey

Executive summary...... 36

9. Introduction...... 38 9.1 Overview...... 38 9.2 Background...... 38 9.3 Methodology...... 39

10. Main Results...... 44 10.1 Institutions...... 44 10.2 Livelihoods...... 46 10.3 Gender...... 54 10.4 Impact...... 55

11. Examples of Good Practice...... 57 11.1 Coordination mechanisms...... 57 11.2 Delivery mechanisms...... 57 11.3 Gender-sensitive land tenure...... 57 11.4 Existing standard architectural plans...... 57 11.5 Infrastructure rehabilitation ...... 58

12. Lessons Learned ...... 59 12.1 Institutions...... 59 12.2 Livelihoods...... 59 12.3 Gender ...... 60 12.4 Impact...... 60

Annexes

E: Questionnaires Used in the Field Work...... 61

F: List of People Interviewed for Community Survey ...... 73

References………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…74

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Boxes 4.1 Mozambique’s national disaster managem ent bodies...... 10 10.1 Chokwe District: social infrastructure development...... 48 10.2 – Chokwe District: Lhate Village...... 52 10.3 Province – ...... 53 10.4 – Govuro District: Nova Mambene...... 53

Tables 5.1 Donors’ response to the 2000 flood appeal as of August 28, 2001 (US$ million)...... 13 5.2 Funding by sector for 2000 post-flood reconstruction as of May 30, 2001 (US$ million)...... 16 5.3 Commitments of donor funds by sector as of May 3, 2001...... 18

Figures 5.1 Proportion of donor commitments to 2000 appeal as of August 28, 2001...... 13 5.2 Reconstruction funds under signed agreements and amounts received (US$ million)...... 14 5.3 Channels of reconstruction funds amount as of December 2000...... 15 5.4 Allocations of reconstruction appeal to sectors, 2000...... 17