College Catalog Academic Year 2020-2021 S

college catalog academic year 2020-2021 S

our Mission

Zaytuna College aims to educate and prepare morally committed professional, intellectual, and spiritual leaders who are grounded in the Islamic scholarly tradition and conversant with the cultural currents and critical ideas shaping modern society. \

our Mission

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Catalog 2020–2021 general statement and public notice W Zaytuna College is a private, nonprofit institution in Berkeley, California, located at 2401 Le Conte Avenue, 1712 Euclid Avenue, and 2770 Marin Avenue, along with other IN THE NAME OF GOD, THE BENEFICENT, residential facilities, all within a two-mile radius. THE MERCIFUL Zaytuna College is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC): 985 Atlantic Avenue, Suite 100, Alameda, California, 94501; 510-748-9001. Zaytuna College has no pending petition in bankruptcy, is not operating as a debtor in possession, has not filed a petition within the preceding five years, and has not had a petition in bankruptcy filed against it within the preceding five years that resulted in reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C. Sec. 1101 et seq.). Prospective students are encouraged to review this catalog prior to signing an enrollment agreement. Prior to enrolling, students are required to receive a school catalog. Print or electronic versions of this catalog are available to any person at any time upon request. This catalog is applicable to all enrolled and auditing students. Zaytuna College updates the catalog annually and as required by changes in institutional policies and procedures or by other external rules and regulations. This catalog includes an overview of Zaytuna College’s policies, procedures, depart- ments, and services relevant to undergraduate and graduate students, faculty, and staff. The catalog is current as of September 2020; it supersedes and replaces all previous cat- alogs and student handbooks. The College reserves the right to make changes affecting policies, fees, curricula, or other matters in the catalog at any time. W

IN THE NAME OF GOD, THE BENEFICENT, THE MERCIFUL

prayer

O God, bless our Master Muĥammad, the opener of what was closed, the seal upon what preceded, the one who with truth makes truth victorious, and the guide to Your straight path.

May this mercy be upon him and his family, according to what his rank and immense degree deserve. O God, bestow on us the openings of those who truly know You and the success of the righteous. O God, benefit us from the Qur’an, the judicious reminder. O God, teach us what benefits us, make us benefit from what You have taught us, and increase our knowledge and acceptable deeds, out of Your mercy, O most merciful of those who show mercy. O God, there is nothing easy except what You make easy, and You can make the difficult path a form of ease. O God protect us from the evil within our souls, and the consequences of our misdeeds, and rectify all our affairs. There is no deity but You; we seek Your forgiveness and repent to You. May God bless and grant peace upon our Master Muĥammad, his family, and his companions.

v Table of Contents

Academic Program 1 The Muslim Liberal Arts 1 The Canon and the Trivium 3 About the College 4 Degree Programs 5 Bachelor’s Degree: Islamic Law and Theology 5 Master’s Degree in Islamic Texts 10 Preceptorials (BA and MA Programs) 13 Faculty Advisors 14 Academic Policies 15 Academic Standing 19 Conferral of Undergraduate Degree 20 The Curriculum 21 Arabic in the BA Program 21 BA Course Descriptions 23 MA Course Descriptions 32 Guidelines for Graduation Requirements 40 BA and MA Thesis Guidelines 40 BA Degree: Senior Thesis 42 Master’s Degree: Thesis 43 Bachelor’s Degree Requirements 45 Student Life 48 Counseling Support Services 48 Safety and Well-Being Support 48 Student Affairs Committee 48 The Student Shūrā Council 49 Academic and Campus Resources 49 Expectations of Students 51 Campus Space and Transportation 56 Rights and Responsibilities of Students 57 Student Grievances 59

vi Residential Life 60 Residential Assistants: Role and Authority 60 Important Residential Dates 60 Student Housing 61 Admissions and Financial Aid 65 BA Admissions 65 MA Admissions 67 Expenses 68 Financial Aid 69 General Policies 70 Anti-discrimination Policy 70 Minors 70 Prohibition of Smoking, Alcohol, and Illegal Drugs 70 Violence and Intimidation 70 Communications and Privacy 72 Campus Safety and Security 73 Directory 75 President 75 Provost 75 Faculty 75 Staff 76 Campus Buildings 77

vii

The Zaytuna College Seal

Z E A Y G T | E U L L N A C O

The greatest, truest, and only permanent good bestowed upon humanity is that of true knowledge. From such knowledge, all other goods flow, even faith. And this is why, at Zaytuna College, we have adorned our seal with the prayer Qul Rabbi zidnī ‘ilman (“Say: O Lord, increase me in knowledge”). For it is our knowledge of the world alone that enables us to discern a creator; hence true knowledge will always lead to true faith. The greatest Qur’anic commandment is “Know that there is no god but the One True God.” It is knowledge alone—and most importantly, knowledge of God— that differentiates us from beasts, making us unique among God’s glorious creation.

the qur’anic quotation is from surah ţā hā, verse 114.

viii Academic Program The Zaytuna College Seal The Muslim Liberal Arts of a judgment” is the agreement of the judgement with the actual fact, and the At Zaytuna College, we have set out to do meaning of the expression “the reality of a our best at restoring the broad-based, holistic judgement” is the agreement of the actual tradition of what in the West was called the fact with the judgement. And the real liberal arts and in the Muslim civilization was essence of a thing and its quiddity are that known as comprehensive studies (al-dirāsāt al- which constitutes the identity of a thing, as is exemplified by the application of the term jāmi¢ah), which lead one to become an adīb, which “rational animal” to man. approximates the English concept of the erudite gentleman. Muslims are committed in the normative The ancients understood the world not as tradition to a moderate realism, not dissimilar to matter without purpose but through the matrix the Catholic tradition. An undeniable mystical of four causes—material, efficient, formal, dimension exists alongside this approach that and final—that placed purpose at the highest has a heavy influence upon the tradition but level of inquiry. This is the lens through which is analogous to Newtonian and quantum we can view Muslim efforts to help restore physics; while appearing mutually exclusive, this lost tradition, beginning with the final they nonetheless operate upon different planes, cause, which answers the question “What is something the Islamic tradition referred to as the purpose of education?” The purpose of varying degrees of existence (marātib al-wujūd). education from an Islamic perspective—and for Muslims believe that truth can be found, Zaytuna College—is to aid students in their own supported by reason, and actually realized in a pursuit and discovery of the truth. The Islamic sanctified soul. These three degrees of existence epistemological framework remains rooted in are known as knowledge of certainty (¢ilm al- the three laws of thought: the law of identity, yaqīn), truth of certainty (ĥaqq al-yaqīn), and the law of the excluded middle, and the law of finally the essence of certainty ¢ayn( al-yaqīn). Al- non-contradiction. Students learn this early on. Ghazālī likens the stages respectively to hearing a In the most important theological creed in Islamic fire, seeing the fire, and being burned by the fire. history, the Nasafiyyah, written in Central Asia Alongside this pursuit of a discoverable truth, in the twelfth century, Imam al-Nasafī and his education must inculcate fallibilism, the idea that commentator Imam al-Taftāzānī write, I believe I am right in my opinion, but I could be wrong. Hence, intellectual humility commands The people of truth assert that reality is judgement that corresponds with the a central position in the hierarchy of virtues. actual fact. It is applied in a general sense In fact, Imam al-Junayd argued it was the first to propositions, to articles of Belief, to obligation of the human being, as knowledge was religions, and to different schools of practice unattainable without it. with reference to their inclusion of reality. Exposure to and habituation in the moral Its opposite is the unreal. But as for the term virtues informs the entire enterprise. Muslims, truth, it is especially applied to propositions; like Catholics and Orthodox Christians, its opposite is falsehood. The distinction borrowed from Aristotle’s cardinal moral virtues that may be made between these two pairs and the intellectual virtues. In his Riĥlah, Qāđī of contrasts is that in the case of reality the Abū Bakr, a Spanish Muslim scholar, writes, “We correspondence is seen from the standpoint of the actual fact, and in the case of truth, find complete agreement among the people of from the standpoint of judgement. And intellect, irrespective of religion, that the matrices the meaning of the expression “the truth of moral virtue are four: courage, temperance,

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 1 prudence, and justice.” The intellectual virtues loving-kindness, graciousness, and forgiveness of art (techne), prudence (phronesis), intellect when appropriate, strangers with respect and (nous), science (episteme), and wisdom (sophia) dignity, and enemies with the possibility they are also cultivated. Rhetorical studies instill the may one day become friends. techne of writing in the most beautiful manner: Material cause involves the curriculum first learning principles in material logic and itself, the intellectual material of the education, metaphysics; learning science in mathematics, and the tools and subjects to be studied. astronomy, and other disciplines; and cultivating For instance, at Zaytuna, we place strong wisdom, especially in understanding first and final emphasis upon acquisition of the tools, causes of things through contemplation. Finally, especially grammar, that were traditionally the we have the virtues of religion, which in Islam are foundation of Muslim education. The rigor of identified as nine: fear, hope, gratitude, patience, the Arabic language demands a high level of remorse, detachment, trust, contentment, and grammatical understanding to avoid egregious love. misunderstandings. The reason for this involves The result of one who has attained a liberal the nature of the Arabic language, the fluidity of education rooted in devotion should be a person its syntax, the great difficulty of its morphology, who never intentionally hurts another. The and the vastness of its vocabulary. The vocabulary Prophet s said, “A believer is the one from of premodern scholars was vast, and they tended whom others are safe from his hand and his to use their rich language with great relish. A tongue.” Such a person is one who makes others scholarly Arabic dictionary contains close to feel at ease, does not seek controversy, but does twenty thousand roots, and from each root, not shy away from a controversial stance if several words can be formed. The key was to learn necessary for the common good; concerns oneself the roots and the meaning patterns to discern with everyone in the room but feels no need the word’s meaning in context. To put this in to be the center of attention; never dominates context, Shakespeare uses twenty-eight thousand when speaking nor makes others feel weary words, 40 percent of which he uses only once. nor steers the conversation to oneself; gives no Hence, vocabulary acquisition in both English ear to slander or gossip; tends to have a good and Arabic is very important. opinion of the actions of others; infers the best The efficient cause involves questions of from the remarks of others; is never petty or pedagogy: How do we impart knowledge? It petulant; never feels slighted by insults but takes involves both the art and the science of teaching. them with forbearance; recognizes the world is All of teaching is either inductive (working a trial and tribulation and thus submits to the from particulars toward universals) or deductive vicissitudes of time with dignity and resignation; (working from universals toward particulars). maintains rigor in one’s arguments during Teaching can also be didactic or dialectical, the discussion without malice or overbearingness highest form being dialectical. At Zaytuna, we to those less educated; is clear and not abstruse, seek to revive the didactic element of teaching reasoned without letting emotions get the best because it was characteristic of the scholastic of oneself; never corrects another’s misuse of methods of both the Arabic and Latin traditions language, unless teaching a student; is always as a prerequisite to the dialectical element, and engaged in what concerns one; deliberates before also because it enriches discussion. Some liberal acting, but once one acts, displays decisiveness; arts colleges no longer use the didactic method, never ridicules another’s beliefs, no matter how but the lecture and the discussion ought to be absurd; respects authority and knowledge and equally revered. Mark Delp, Zaytuna’s first those who represent them; relishes the beauty and professor emeritus, writes: the majesty of creation; lives in joy, as a duty as Zaytuna believes that a good lecture is well as an attitude; believes in religious freedom the only way in which mature, masterly on principle; and treats family and friends with acts of reasoning can be exemplified for

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 2 the student. For this to happen, however, “to reflect beauty,” and “to perceive beauty.” the student must attend not only to Each of these is reflected in the arts of freedom: what is said—and the what is of supreme grammar is our greatest good; logic makes us importance—but to how the lecturer capable of recognizing truth and seeing falsehood unfolds its meaning in time. In making in its absence; and rhetoric enables us to transmit ideas manifest for others by the artful use of beauty in all we do. With mastery of these arts, words, the orderly acts of the intellect, and the clarity and arrangement of discourse, we can embark on the discovery of the absolute the lecturer bids the student follow his or by light of reason only, free of the constraints of her way of thinking, which, at Zaytuna, our senses, resulting in the perception (ma¢rifah) is ideally guided by the content and spirit of reality, where at last we find peace and of our canon of texts.... Moreover, since understanding. we study primary texts in their original languages, our lecturers are compelled, The Canon and the Trivium almost by a kind of intellectual law of gravity, to keep close to the firm ground of As a Muslim liberal arts college in the West, the text—the grammatical roots of Arabic Zaytuna offers a curriculum that provides its words, from whence, having unearthed a students with a foundation in the intellectual range of possible meanings, the lecturer heritage of two major world civilizations: the proceeds to practice the exegetical skills Islamic and the Western. These civilizations share necessary to evince the unity of a passage not only common roots but also common aims: or of a number of passages in a text. In this to think deeply and systematically about the light, lectures are rightly understood as world (creation), to ponder its ultimate source living commentaries, and the students who follow them as collaborators in the ancient and purpose (Creator), and to live ethically in art of scholarship. the course of our individual and collective lives (spirituality and politics). Finally, we have the formal cause, which gets to Zaytuna is a place for the renewal and the essence of education, given the formal cause’s reconciliation of our common heritage, and profound relationship to the efficient cause, as the for keeping God and revelation at the center formal cause is first an exemplary cause. Hence, of the conversation. The Zaytuna curriculum the formal cause involves both the pedagogy and emphasizes universal principles and themes. the curriculum. The curriculum must consistently It fosters interdisciplinary thinking as well as be informed by the language arts of grammar, the integration of theoretical and experiential logic, and rhetoric. Books are approached with knowledge. an understanding that language allows multiple possibilities, and one must strive to determine The Zaytuna Canon the author’s intent in didactic works, while more freedom exists in works of literature and poetry. The books used in the College’s curriculum are Logic enables us to determine the soundness of normally derived from the Zaytuna canon, which the reasoning, and rhetoric to assess the merit of includes the great primary texts that shaped the the artifice. intellectual history of the Islamic and Western The ultimate aim of education is the traditions, as well as the commentaries—often inculcation of the love of beauty, truth, and themselves worthy of being called “great”—that goodness in a human being. Muslims call the have provided countless students and teachers highest truth īmān, or a firm conviction of God’s with the tools to understand and enlarge upon the existence and providence; we call goodness primary texts. islām, or submission and resignation to God’s As the College matures and expands, the canon will and action in accordance with it, on earth serves as the guide for all academic programs, as it is in heaven; and we term beauty iĥsān, thereby anchoring them in our foundational which literally can mean “to make beautiful,” principles. Informed by the many examples of

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 3 enduring scholarship in the canon, the faculty, in 2015, Zaytuna earned accreditation from the consultation with the Curriculum Committee, Western Association of Schools and Colleges, will continue to reflect on whether new texts becoming the first accredited Muslim college in should be added, which texts should be taught in the United States. the curriculum (the canon will always have more In 2014, Zaytuna moved to the neighborhood texts than can be taught in the four years of the of Holy Hill, a multi-faith academic community undergraduate program), and which commentaries in Berkeley, where the College now owns three best complement the primary texts. buildings, collectively known as the lower campus: The Trivium • 1712 Euclid Avenue (dormitory, classroom While the Zaytuna canon of great books anchors space, and home to the Publications and the College’s mission of helping renew the Marketing offices) intellectual traditions of Islam and the West, the • 2401 Le Conte Avenue (large event hall, trivium provides the requisite training necessary bookstore, extra classroom spaces, offices for students and teachers to plumb the depths of of MA faculty, Development, Accounting, those traditions. and HR) The trivium is the foundation of the College’s • 2479 Le Conte Avenue (dormitory) pedagogical mission. Its constituent disciplines— grammar, logic, and rhetoric, each of which Zaytuna’s second location is within two miles of is taught in both the Islamic and Western the lower campus, known as the upper campus. traditions—are studied and repeatedly practiced It is a nine-acre property in the Berkeley Hills at by students throughout their four years of 2770 Marin Avenue, consisting of eight buildings study, to achieve excellence in reading, writing, (including a women’s dormitory, classrooms, and speaking, and thinking. Accordingly, the great administrative and faculty offices) and a beautiful books of grammar, logic, and rhetoric are also in natural environment conducive to serious study the Zaytuna canon. and contemplation. Adjacent to Zaytuna’s lower campus is one of About the College the premier research universities in the world, the University of California, Berkeley. Holy Hill In 2009, Zaytuna College was founded in is also home to the Graduate Theological Union Berkeley, California, with a mission that called (GTU), the largest consortium of seminaries and for grounding students in the Islamic scholarly academic centers for the study of religion in the tradition as well as in the cultural currents and nation. This community gives Zaytuna’s students critical ideas shaping modern society. The and faculty an unparalleled opportunity to engage Summer Arabic Intensive (SAI), a residential inside and outside the classroom with educational language program, was its first academic offering, communities from different faith traditions. and the undergraduate program welcomed its A detailed history of Zaytuna College can be found at inaugural freshman class in fall 2010. In March zaytuna.edu.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 4 Degree Programs

Bachelor’s Degree: Analyzing subjects in relation to each other and with attention to contemporary Islamic Law and Theology relevance Zaytuna’s bachelor of arts (BA) program Building on theoretical knowledge through is founded on an integral liberal arts curriculum, moral commitment and service to the consisting of courses from both the Islamic and community Western traditions of higher learning. Beginning with the trivium—courses in grammar, rhetoric, Zaytuna’s educational philosophy is rooted in the and logic—and an intensive study of the Arabic belief that community engagement is essential for language, students progress through courses in participating in a living intellectual and spiritual theology, law, history, philosophy, science, and tradition. literature, while studying and reading classical As students study, they are integrated into the texts from both traditions. The program is life of the surrounding community and beyond. designed so that courses taken later both depend Some serve as tutors or mentors for youth in the and build on earlier courses. Every course area, while others perform community service and graduation requirement is essential to the work. In these activities, they are exposed intellectual trajectory of the curriculum as a to the full range of daily trials and triumphs whole. that characterize modern society. Students Program Outcomes are also offered meaningful opportunities to gain experiential knowledge through trips and The program aims to develop graduates who internships, and to connect this experiential strive for a life of virtue, who love and commit knowledge with theoretical knowledge. themselves to learning, and who exhibit the The BA curriculum emphasizes universal characteristics that inhere in the Arabic term principles and themes. It fosters interdisciplinary adab. In “The Concept of Education in Islam,” thinking as well as the integration of theoretical Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas defines and experiential knowledge. adab as the “recognition and acknowledgment In a seminal essay on liberal education, the of the reality that knowledge and being are scholar and poet Mark van Doren tells us, “The ordered hierarchically according to their various student who can begin early in his life to think grades and degrees of rank, and of one’s proper of things as connected, even if he revises his place in relation to that reality and to one’s view with every succeeding year, has begun physical, intellectual, and spiritual capacities and the life of learning.” These words capture the potentials.” The term encompasses a complex set interdisciplinary aspect of education at Zaytuna of meanings that includes decency, comportment, College: the study of astronomy raises issues of decorum, etiquette, manners, morals, propriety, theology; the study of political science relates to and humaneness. the development of personal ethics; the rise and As an acronym, ADAB reminds us not just of fall of civilizations are contextualized through the end result of education—a human being with a study of world religions; and grammar, logic, adab—but also the means to it: and rhetoric constantly inform the interpretive Acquiring the tools of learning possibilities of a text. Demonstrating grounding in the Islamic and Western scholarly traditions

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 5 Teaching Two Classical Traditions Finally, one of the most formidable challenges for us has been to revive the didactic element As the first Muslim liberal arts college in the of teaching that is characteristic of both Latin West, Zaytuna College confronts several and Islamic scholasticism. Whereas it has been a challenges that do not arise for other liberal arts custom of some of the oldest liberal arts colleges colleges. Firstly, we have our own traditions to prohibit any didactic teaching during class of the free (liberal) arts and sciences, which, sessions while cultivating a democratic, dialectical although having the same roots as those of the environment wherein tutors and students West, possess the specific differences of, on the collaborate in the research of the text, Zaytuna one hand, the primacy of the Arabic language reveres the lecture as well as rigorous discussion. with all the subtle meanings therein expressed Conceding that the standard lecture practiced that do not have clear correspondences in Latin, in American colleges and universities generally Greek, or English, and, on the other hand, the has become unreflectively habitual, coercive, particular genius of Muslim teaching institutions, and often merely a means of disseminating for which, being influenced definitively by information, Zaytuna believes that a good lecture Islamic law and theology, the notion of truly is the only way in which mature, masterly acts free acts of the mind must be given special of reasoning can be exemplified for the student. interpretations. Accordingly, in building our For this to happen, however, the student must program, we cannot appeal exclusively to the attend not only to what is said—and the what is Western canon or to the academic institutions of supreme importance—but to how the lecturer that have, since the Latin Middle Ages, developed unfolds its meaning in time. In making ideas the theories of education and methods of manifest for others by the artful use of words, the reasoned discourse that shaped the course of the orderly acts of the intellect, and the clarity and modern liberal arts college. arrangement of discourse, the lecturer bids the Secondly, because a foundational part of student follow his or her way of thinking, which, our mission is to educate students in both the at Zaytuna, is ideally guided by the content and Islamic and Western liberal arts traditions, our spirit of our canon of texts. Indeed, we believe curriculum is taxed with the burden not only that a single, brilliant lecture can do more to of offering the best texts of each tradition but teach the skills of the trivium (grammar, rhetoric, also of harmonizing them within an integral and logic) than any amount of reading can. program of study: for instance, what Great Book Moreover, since we study primary texts in their of the West would complement Ibn Khaldūn’s original languages, our lecturers are compelled, Introduction to History (Muqaddimah)? Having almost by a kind of intellectual law of gravity, a confessional imperative, how do we teach to keep close to the firm ground of the text— Western texts—even one such as the Summa the grammatical roots of Arabic words, from Theologica of Thomas Aquinas—which at times whence, having unearthed a range of possible seem to contradict the fundamental teachings of meanings, the lecturer proceeds to practice the Islamic scholastic theology (kalam)? exegetical skills necessary to evince the unity of Thirdly, in contrast with most Great Book a passage or of a number of passages in a text. In colleges, which use only primary texts, our this light, lectures are rightly understood as living tradition is built as much on great commentaries commentaries, and the students who follow them as on great original works (in this regard, the as collaborators in the ancient art of scholarship. Arabic and Latin medieval traditions are very Zaytuna recognizes certain commentaries as much alike); accordingly, we strive to match the great works of art in themselves that sometimes best commentaries to their source texts as well as approach intellectual heights comparable to the use them independently as the primary material masters of antiquity (among the greatest works of a course. of Thomas Aquinas were his commentaries), and

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 6 though such accomplishments may be rare today, and Literature, Logic, and Rhetoric (the latter the learned contribution to the commentary two taught in both the classical Western and tradition, especially as a spoken act, brings to life Arabic traditions)—one may find a greater and makes spiritually present the dialectical drama diversity of methods: for example, Formal of the various epochs of human intellectual Logic has primarily been taught didactically, aspiration. In any given lecture, therefore, the while Rhetoric is presently being taught almost lecturer ideally transcends time and place to meet completely dialectically. the minds behind the books, not exclusively As we strive to achieve a balanced, hierarchical to make clear what they were thinking but to order of topics for the four years of the bachelor’s make manifest the qualitative life of their minds. degree program, we are challenged greatly by Indeed, there are modern commentators—such the need to integrate both Latin and Arabic as Naquib al-Attas in the Islamic tradition and hierarchical models of progressive reading. In Joseph Pieper in the Catholic tradition—whose the medieval Latin tradition, higher education works have achieved such intimate communion began with the trivium and continued with with the spirit of their masters that their natural philosophy (including psychology and innovations appear to be continuations of an epistemology), ethics, metaphysics, and theology, ancient conversation. Zaytuna College, therefore, among which other concerns, such as history, includes in its curriculum select works of the politics, and economics, figured as subtopics. modern era as rich sources of perennial wisdom. However, in the process of including the best Following the example of these “moderns,” works of our two traditions, it is often difficult Zaytuna students cultivate the hope of a new era to match texts topic-to-topic: for instance, a text of great books. in Islamic law sometimes appears to one trained At Zaytuna College, we do not consider texts in Latin scholasticism as a text in theology; or a themselves to be teachers but signs of the highest text in traditional Latin logic sometimes appears spiritual activity of human persons, with the to one trained in Islamic scholasticism as a text Qur’an as the unequaled archetype. in theology. In either case, in the freshman and We also honor and consider necessary the sophomore years, we strive to ground the student dialectical engagement on the part of students in the Latin and Arabic trivium, sacred scripture and teachers in the class period, during which (Qur’an, hadith), and Western and Islamic history, students earn the privilege of conducting their politics, and economics; while in the junior own exegesis of the texts by the application of and senior years, we move into higher-level their skills in grammar, rhetoric, and logic; by intellectual history (our course in classical Muslim the exercise of a memory trained in traditional texts and commentaries offers primary texts techniques derived from ĥifż (memorization of and commentaries in philosophy, theology, and the Qur’an); by disciplined reading habits, which legal theory), philosophy, law (both practical and sensitize them to the complexity and hidden theoretical), metaphysics (Western and Islamic), order of variously spaced contexts of meaning, and theology, with an entire course dedicated to grammatical roots, modes of interpretation, the teachings of al-Ghazālī, who plays a role at rhetorical tropes, and logical forms; and by a Zaytuna College comparable to that played by sustained awareness that they, too, are joining the Thomas Aquinas at Catholic liberal arts colleges. ancient commentary traditions by contributing The general aim of Zaytuna College is rigorously, creatively, and faithfully to class to educate students to become morally, discussions. It has been our custom to leave to intellectually, and spiritually accomplished the instructor the decision as to how much of persons ready to contribute to our contemporary our three-hour class periods should be devoted world in ways that are proportionate to their to each method; moreover, in our “skills” gifts on the one hand and the needs of human courses—Arabic Language, English Grammar, society on the other. Rigorously trained in our

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 7 BA Program Overview

Term Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4

Admissions prerequisite: SAI program (10 units) and Summer SAI program or pass Arabic pass Arabic qualification proficiency exam exam

Intermediate Arabic 1 Arabic Grammar and Advanced Arabic Arabic Rhetoric and (5 units) Texts 1 (4 units) Morphology Literature Islamic Law 1 Prophetic Tradition Islamic Family Law Metaphysical Foundations Introduction to the Qur’anic Sciences Constitutional Law Ethics Qur’an

Fall Trivium Seminar in Logic in the Islamic Kalam Theology Astronomy in the Grammar Tradition Islamic Tradition Prophetic Biography Islamic History Philosophy Contemporary Muslim Thought Swimming* Archery* Horseback Riding* Research Methods Seminar (1 unit) Intermediate Arabic 2 Arabic Grammar and Advanced Arabic Senior Arabic Seminar (5 units) Texts 2 (4 units) Grammar Islamic Law 2 Seminal Ancient Texts Principles of Islamic Islamic Commercial Law Jurisprudence Spring Trivium Seminar in Logic Euclid’s Elements Comparative Theology Islamic Inheritance Law

Trivium Seminar in Politics Readings in Muslim Al-Ghazālī Rhetoric Spirituality Creedal Theology Economics Classical Muslim Texts Principles of Democracy and Commentaries Swimming (1 unit) Archery (1 unit) Horseback Riding (1 unit) Qur’anic Orthoepy (tajwīd) Qur’anic Memorization Other (1 unit) (ḥifẓ) (1 unit) requirements Senior Thesis Service Learning

All courses are 3 units, except where noted otherwise. *Students receive instruction for each sport over two semesters and are granted one credit unit each at the end of the corresponding academic year.

two classical traditions, the Zaytuna graduate than human fulfillment. Indeed, in the traditions will be prepared to act within the world by the we follow, reason was considered specifically light of the principles that have enlightened his or human, a labor of the mind moving from what is her inner world. These principles will allow the known to what is unknown, while intellect was graduate to grasp the actual complexity of inner thought to be divine insofar as it is the simple and outer experiences with the completeness and immediate intuition of Truth as well as the demanded by a love of Truth and to communicate spiritual disposition in which reason comes to that Truth not merely to factually inform but to rest. In studying sacred scripture and theology, enlighten and delight other minds, always with therefore, the Zaytuna student discovers the end the intention of finding the extent of human of reason’s labors in the intuition of a more-than- wisdom. True education, however, seeks more human light.

ZAYTUNAZAYTUNA COLLEGECOLLEGE CATALOGCATALOG 2020–20212020–2021 88 Zaytuna College was founded on the SAI Program. As with the first intensive program, conviction that the gap between faith and reason students who fail the final exam are usually is a modern invention and that their collaboration dismissed from the program. is now a modern necessity. The knowledge of Housing and financial aid are available for the thousands of facts—where is the connection? For SAI Program. the Zaytuna student, the knowledge of a single, English Language timeless principle will make sense of thousands of facts. Zaytuna College is the connection. Beginning in the freshman year of study, in the first week of the fall semester, all students take a Prerequisites and Assessments diagnostic exam that includes English grammar Arabic Language and vocabulary. Students who pass the diagnostic exam with a score of 80 percent or more are Before the start of the summer, newly admitted deemed to be competent in grammar and to have students are administered an Arabic proficiency an adequate vocabulary level. Those who score exam. Students who fail the proficiency exam below 80 percent must take workshops in the must attend the eight-week SAI Program the areas in which they are deficient and be retested. summer before their freshman year; those who Those deficient in vocabulary take workshops pass the proficiency exam are not required to aimed at giving them a solid knowledge of Greek attend the SAI Program. Those who fail to pass and Latin word roots. the SAI final exam are not admitted to the BA In the ninth week of freshman year, after program. completing several writing assignments for the In the summer between their freshman and Trivium Seminar in Grammar, students are sophomore years, students must attend a second given a diagnostic English composition exam.

Graduation Requirements

Area of Study Evaluation Units Due

Core Curriculum Courses (see the table on Pass all courses with a D or better; pass all Arabic courses 137 End of each term the previous page) with a C or better; pass the Arabic qualification exam (0 units) at the end of summer term before junior year Curricular Learning Outside the Classroom Qur’anic Orthoepy (tajwīd) Pass a written and oral exam 1 End of sophomore year* Memorization of the Qur’an Pass oral exams: al-Fātiḥah; al-Baqarah 225, 285–86; Āl 1 End of senior year* (ḥifẓ) ¢Imrān 190–200; al-Kahf 1–10, 101–10; Yā Sīn; al-Wāqi¢ah; al- Ḥashr 18–24; all of Juz’ 30 Senior Thesis 40-page research paper; oral presentation 3 End of senior year Experiential Learning Outside the Classroom Swimming Pass a performance exam 1 End of freshman year* Archery Pass a performance exam 1 End of sophomore year* Horseback Riding Pass a performance exam 1 End of junior year*

Service Learning 50 hours of community service; 10-page reflection paper; 3 End of senior year formal debrief with instructor Total Credits 148

*If a student has already achieved the required proficiency, then the student may test out earlier.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 9 This exam is graded using the standard Zaytuna The sessions are designed so students enrolled in writing rubric. Students who are not proficient their sophomore year can complete the program writers continue to work with the Writing in their senior year. Some of the texts that must Center to improve their skills. be memorized are studied in other courses at the Freshmen without prior college experience College (or an equivalent text in that subject is are required to take workshops addressing study studied). The Honors Program does not appear skills, note taking, research skills, and time on the transcript until the student has completed management. These workshops are offered in the it in the senior year. Academic Support Center Master’s Degree in Islamic Texts Honors Program Zaytuna’s master of arts (MA) degree in Islamic Zaytuna College offers the Honors Program, texts is intended to provide students with higher- in which students complete an additional set of level access to the Islamic tradition through a requirements beyond those articulated for the guided course of study in Islam’s primary sources. BA degree. Acceptance into the Honors Program The MA degree is a two-year program that requires a GPA of at least 3.65 at the end of the culminates in a summative thesis. The degree freshman year, with no outstanding incomplete is intended for students who have completed a grades. Students enrolled in the Honors Program degree in Islamic studies or its ancillary fields must maintain a GPA of at least 3.5 throughout (e.g., theology, philosophy, Arabic, Islamic law, the completion of the academic program and and history) and have substantial knowledge in must maintain a record of conduct without the Islamic tradition. In addition, the MA degree reprimand or formal sanction. is designed for students who can read, discuss, and The Honors Program includes an extensive engage the primary Arabic texts of the Islamic memorization component (or for certain texts, tradition at an advanced level. examination). The College offers weekly sessions The coursework includes studies of classical for students in the Honors Program to study Arabic language and literature; Qur’an and texts with instructors qualified in the classical Qur’anic commentaries; Islamic philosophy, Islamic tradition. These sessions are also open as theology, and mysticism; Islamic law; and the enrichment activities to students not enrolled in history of Islam. Furthermore, each of the the Honors Program. concentrations has a comparative track that allows undergraduate Honors Program Requirements

Subject Text Requirement Qur’an Juz’ 29; Yūsuf; al-Kahf Memorization Qur’anic orthoepy (tajwīd) Al-Jazariyyah Memorization Creed (¢aqīdah) Jawharat al-tawḥīd Memorization Al-Arba¢īn al-Nawawiyyah Hadith Memorization Al-Bayqūniyyah ¢Ibādāt sections of: Al-Murshid al-mu¢īn (Maliki students) Jurisprudence (fiqh) Memorization Matn al-zubad (Shafi‘i students) Kifāyat al-ghulām (Hanafi students) Sufism section of: Al-Murshid al-mu¢īn Sufism (taṣawwuf) Matn al-zubad Memorization Prophetic biography (sīrah) Qurrat al-abṣār Examination Legal theory (uṣūl) Al-Waraqāt (verse) Examination Logic (manṭiq) Al-Sullam Examination

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 10 students to study texts in the European tradition the disciplines. This allows students to conduct that parallel the Islamic texts in their ideas and research on current problems in the areas of methods. For example, the study of Islamic kalam theology and falsafah. philosophy can be augmented by the study of Latin scholasticism, and the study of Islamic Program Outcomes mysticism can be augmented by readings in Greek The main goals of the courses and teaching Neoplatonism. methods are to sharpen students’ ability to read and analyze the primary texts and to consider the Area of Concentration: Islamic Law socio-religious contexts and scholarly sources out The Islamic law track covers both legal theory of which the texts emerged, while continuing to (uśūl al-fiqh) and positive law (furū¢ al-fiqh). The engage in well-reasoned academic and scholarly course of study takes students through a series discussion and research. Students are also of texts that embody the scholastic method and introduced to methods and research tools in both approach to concepts and problems in the two the Western and Islamic traditions. disciplines. The juridical and theological schools of legal theory are also explored. Students study, The goals of the Zaytuna MA in Islamic texts are analyze, and evaluate the major hermeneutic to: approaches to the sources of Islamic law, as well 1 Acquire advanced skills in reading and as focus on the legal reasoning and principles interpreting traditional Islamic texts in the employed by a jurist when interpreting and stated fields of research applying the law to new cases. Additionally, the program emphasizes the rich interplay between 2 Bring already advanced Arabic reading and law, kalam theology, and the Arabic language speaking skills to the expert, professional when considering the various schools of legal level theory, with the goal to read, interpret, and 3 Gain fluency in both the dialectical and explicate advanced texts in Islamic law. didactic elements of traditional teaching methods Area of Concentration: Islamic 4 Acquire a broad understanding of Islamic Theology and Philosophy intellectual history from its roots in Arabic language and literature, Qur’an and This track takes students through the Qur’anic commentaries, hadith tradition foundational texts of kalam theology and and commentaries, law, philosophy, philosophy. Coursework and texts range from theology, and Sufism the Ash¢arī and Māturīdī schools of theology to the Peripatetic and Illuminationist (ishrāqī) schools Students will achieve these goals by: of falsafah. Issues of general ontology (al-umūr 1 Demonstrating in class discussions, oral al-¢āmmah)—such as epistemology, existence, presentations, written work, and the thesis quiddity, oneness, multiplicity, emanation, and and thesis defense a scholarly proficiency causality—are studied using classical texts by in logic, dialectics, and research skills major philosophers and theologians of the various schools. Theological problems of the divine 2 Achieving doctoral-level research skills attributes, prophecy, infallibility, ethics, and in Arabic texts, as well as in texts in a eschatology are studied. In addition to training modern language other than English and/ students in each of the disciplines, emphasis is or another ancient language (e.g., Persian placed on cultivating the reading, analyzing, or Greek) and inquiry skills required for accessing texts in 3 Directing seminars in the primary texts

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 11 that demonstrate students’ readiness Elective Courses to teach professionally in the areas of concentration The two elective courses allow students to study in an area of concentration other than the one 4 Writing publishable papers that make chosen for their degree, or in another scholarly significant contributions to the scholarly field altogether. Furthermore, many of our highly literature skilled professors are available to conduct tutorials 5 Expertly translating Arabic when quoting in Islamic texts not offered in the curriculum as Arabic texts in scholarly papers and in the well as in texts from traditional Jewish, Christian, thesis and classical scholasticism and mysticism. 6 Writing a publishable thesis of 20,000 to 25,000 words demonstrating scholarly Additional Requirements methods of reasoning and inquiry 1 Student presentations: Second-year MA Graduation Requirements graduate students present informal lectures as part of the MA program. The topics Requirement Course description Courses Units of the lectures usually address ongoing Completion of Primary area of 8* 24 work in the students’ special areas of coursework concentration research and serve as a required stage Skills 5 15 in the thesis-writing and thesis-defense Electives 1 3 Master’s thesis Research and - 6** process. The lectures are open to all writing students and faculty, and the discussion Total 14 48 is meant to be vigorous, benevolently critical, and collegial. Second-year *Course offerings in the core areas of concentration may vary from time to time, depending on the scholarly demographics students must sign up for one of the of the students in the program and on the discretion of the available time slots—designated in the Graduate Faculty Affairs Committee. Tutorials are arranged academic calendar—at the beginning of with individual instructors and conducted as preceptorials. the academic year. Beyond serving to **Thesis units are meant to provide time for students to work sharpen critical reasoning and research on their thesis during the academic semester. Three thesis habits, these lectures habituate students to credits should amount to approximately nine hours of study, critical engagement with an audience of whether in preparation or in writing. peers. A long-term goal of Zaytuna’s MA program is to produce students capable of Skills Requirements presenting elegant, rationally balanced, Skills requirements for the MA degree in Islamic and original scholarly work in a public texts include five three-unit courses: Arabic forum. Grammar 1, Arabic Grammar 2, Logic, Dialectics, 2 Writing expectations: With the and Thesis Research Methods. The first four exceptions of the skills courses (Arabic courses not only supplement those in the area Grammar, Logic, and Dialectics), students concentrations by training students in advanced are required in each course to write a forms of reasoning, disputation, and grammar but research paper of a minimum of 15 pages also constitute in themselves foundational Islamic that demonstrates their composition and sciences. The Thesis Research Methods course is research skills and their mastery of the designed to take students through the full range subject matter. of reading, composition, and research methods 3 Research readiness paper: In the first necessary to complete a thesis of publishable year of study, students must submit quality. for approval to their advisor a research

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 12 readiness paper, which is a 15- to 20-page study, including topics connected with the senior research paper written for one of the thesis or experiential learning essays. required or elective courses and which The subject matter of a preceptorial is not they choose to exemplify the kind and drawn primarily from the lectures of Zaytuna quality of research to be pursued for their faculty or from textbooks but from guided master’s thesis. The research readiness reading Zaytuna students undertake to augment paper must be approved by the academic their apprehension of the curriculum and to advisor before students write their master’s foster lifelong habits of learning. Preceptorials thesis proposal. allow students to explore texts within the canon and thus enhance their elective study. Moreover, 4 Thesis approval: Before officially preceptorials offer a venue for students to beginning the writing of the thesis, profit from the broader expertise of the faculty. students must write a master’s thesis Students may also use preceptorials to further proposal and have it approved by their their acquisition of the other languages of thesis advisor. Note: The thesis advisor scholarship, apart from Arabic. may or may not be one’s academic advisor. Students with interests in special areas of 5 Modern language proficiency: All students study may, as individuals or as groups, approach are required to demonstrate proficiency any faculty member to enroll in a preceptorial in one modern language (other than for a minimum of one and a maximum of three English) relevant to their field of study. credit hours for undergraduate students, and This requirement can be fulfilled by a minimum of three credit hours for graduate submitting transcripts showing two years students, per week. The normal maximum of academic study of the language or by number of students in any preceptorial may not taking a challenge exam. No credit toward exceed three, though an instructor may expand the MA degree is given for courses taken the number of students to as many as seven with to prepare for the modern language exam. the permission of the Provost. Depending on students’ chosen field of Like the standard courses of the curriculum, study, an ancient language still spoken preceptorials must include a formal course title today (e.g., Persian or Greek) can count and syllabus; required readings; and weekly toward the modern language requirement. meetings, the length of which will conform to the number of units agreed upon between instructor and student(s). Graded assignments Preceptorials (BA and and/or exams are optional and at the discretion of MA Programs) the instructor. The work done over the course of the semester is graded as pass/fail, and the name The preceptorial at Zaytuna College, first of the course appears on the student’s transcript. introduced as the Special Reading Course (SRC), As with regular courses in the curriculum, represents a modified version of the Oxford attendance is required. Moreover, students who tutorial and uses the term Woodrow Wilson fail to show up to meetings or to meet the course introduced at Princeton University in 1905. In requirements fail the preceptorial. Students who preceptorials, a small group of students (or even fail a preceptorial are usually not allowed to take a single student) meets with a College faculty another. member for at least the length of a semester to Recent preceptorials include the study study a single text, a single author, or a narrowly of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Macbeth, King Lear, defined theme from the Western or Islamic Coriolanus, and Othello; Boethius’ Consolatio canons. Thus, preceptorials may be used to Philosophiæ; Dante’s Divine Comedy; katabasis further personal interests or explore new areas of in Homeric and Roman epics; Plato’s Republic;

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 13 Macintyre’s After Virtue; Syed Muhammad • No undergraduate student shall be allowed Naquib al-Attas’s On Justice and the Nature of Man; to take preceptorial courses, for credit or Greek; and French for academic reading. to audit, from any faculty member of the Students may also use the preceptorial format MA program. to earn a traditional license (ijāzah) for work done on a particular text. While the College does not • Texts taught by faculty for preceptorials grant such certificates, a qualified faculty member must not be a text currently being taught may choose to do so. Using the preceptorial in the curriculum. to further work in a student’s thesis is highly encouraged. Faculty Advisors To initiate a preceptorial, students must reach out to a professor before the start of the semester Incoming students are paired with members of to reach an agreement about the preceptorial and the faculty, who serve primarily as academic to determine the class text, method of study, advisors. Advisors meet with their students and requirements. The text should be ordered individually at intervals during the semester in a timely fashion, so it is available during the to discuss questions or concerns, identify any first week of classes, when the formal studies challenges to academic success, and review the of the preceptorial begin. If the text is likely to students’ academic performance. prove hard to find, a PDF copy should be made Faculty advisors serve as role models to available if possible. Students must complete exemplify the habits of lifelong learning that lie the preceptorial registration form (from the at the heart of the Zaytuna vision and experience. Registrar’s Office) by the second Friday of the Students are encouraged to maintain an ongoing semester, and the instructor is expected to send an relationship with their advisors. email to the Registrar outlining the preceptorial The Provost reviews student-faculty pairings content and confirming the roster. every semester and serves as a bridge between Generally speaking, freshman-year students are advisors and those students who have needs for not allowed to register for preceptorials because special services, including academic support and the first year of study requires a special focus special care due to documented disabilities. to lay the foundation for subsequent studies; The Provost is also open to meeting either exceptions may be made on rare occasions to with students and/or advisors to discuss ways supplement the Arabic program. to improve student-advisor interactions or While there is no compulsion on the part of to reassign students to a different advisor to the instructor to agree to a student’s request to maximize alignment between the two. The create a preceptorial, the faculty contract requires, Provost can also direct students to meet with mutatis mutandis, an openness to take on up to different faculty members for specific questions two preceptorials per semester. about career choices or advice that pertains to that Additionally: faculty member’s expertise. Faculty advisors are encouraged to meet • No student may take more than two students individually and in groups, formally and preceptorials per semester. informally, on and off campus. By maximizing • A preceptorial cannot take the place of a opportunities for students and faculty to core course. interact—during office hours, at events, and in community forums—Zaytuna hopes to foster an • Credit for preceptorials will not be environment of learning, both inside and outside counted toward core course graduation the classroom. requirements.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 14 Academic Policies office hours reviewing material already covered in class. Excused absences are granted for significant A Note about Student Records and illness or injury, death in the immediate family, or Academic Credit court-scheduled appointments. Instructors may excuse absences at their Populi, Zaytuna’s student information system, own discretion and are not obligated to accept allows students to easily confirm their semester students’ requests or explanations without attendance and class registration and to view their proper documentation. The instructor renders a general student information, academic transcript, decision based on the evidence presented. Because transfer credit report, grades, student account, every absence, excused or unexcused, makes for financial aid information, and graduation status. unsatisfactory progress in a course, students are Students can also update their mailing and email limited to three excused absences per semester, addresses and other personal information through with any further absences normally resulting in Populi. dismissal from the College. The academic year of Zaytuna College is based on a standard two-semester system (fall and spring), as well as a summer session of First-Days-of-Class Attendance Policy intensive Arabic study between the freshman Because instructors use the first class session and sophomore years. Each semester consists of of the semester to guide students through thirteen weeks of classes, with an additional ten their syllabus and to explain course content, to fourteen days for reading and final exams. One expectations, assessment of student work, and unit of academic credit per semester is based on other classroom policies, as well as to establish the one hour of instruction per week. Students are scholarly foundations of the course material, the expected to spend at least two hours of work out College places particular emphasis on students of class for every hour spent in class. being present for the first day of class for each course. Class Attendance Students’ presence at the start of the semester is also a matter of showing respect for the instructor Students are expected to attend all class sessions and for their classmates. Accordingly, it is the of their courses each semester. In each class College’s policy that students must attend the first session, the faculty member records attendance week of class of every course, unless they have in Populi. If students are absent from a class, acceptable evidence of extenuating circumstances, without having provided an adequate cause prior such as a medical emergency, the death of a close to the class session, or immediately afterward family member, or a required court appearance. if illness or injury, the Registrar issues a letter Planned events, travel, or alternative study plans warning of possible attendance probation. in another academic program do not constitute After two unexcused absences, the Registrar sufficient reason for absence during the first week issues a letter notifying students they have been of classes. Any exception to this policy must be placed on attendance probation. Three or more submitted by the student in written form to the unexcused absences from a course usually result in faculty member(s). dismissal from the College. In addition, arriving The instructor’s decision concerning a student’s to class on time is regarded as a matter of proper excuse for the absence is final and not subject to adab and is expected of every student. Repeated appeal. Failure to attend the first day of class in late arrivals result in disciplinary action. any semester may result in dismissal from the Instructors are under no obligation to College. allow students to complete work missed from unexcused absences and are not expected to spend

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 15 Attendance Probation Voluntary Leave of Absence Students placed on attendance probation are Students may be granted a voluntary leave barred from participating in College committees, of absence from the College if their health clubs, and various other college activities. is impeding academic progress or if personal Attendance probation status is removed after circumstances warrant such a leave. Students students have returned to regular attendance in must submit a Leave of Absence Request Form class for at least four weeks. (available from the Registrar) to the Provost documenting the reason for a leave, expected Student Travel or Planned Absences term of return, and contact information while on leave. The Provost responds with a decision in Students are not permitted to interrupt their writing, with a copy to the Registrar. Students academic studies to travel or spend time with who do not notify the Registrar of their intent to family or friends. return are deemed to have withdrawn, and their In extenuating circumstances, students may registration is terminated. It is the responsibility request permission for a planned absence in of students to inform the College rather than accordance with College policies, as outlined in expecting the College to follow up. the College catalog. In the event that students interrupt their academic studies, they are not Involuntary Leave of Absence allowed to reside in or keep their belongings in The College may place students on an College housing. involuntary leave of absence or require students to withdraw from the College if students engage Administrative Withdrawal in or threaten to engage in conduct that (1) poses a direct threat of harm to oneself or to others; (2) Students may be administratively withdrawn by is disruptive and causes emotional, psychological, the College for a number of reasons: or physical distress to other members of the College community; or (3) substantially impedes 1 Falling out of course sequence or missing the ability of other students, faculty, or staff to a course conduct their work. 2 Failing to achieve a passing grade in each course in the proper sequence (i.e., failing Grading to attain a D- or greater in non-Arabic Letter grades are recorded by the Registrar, courses or a C or greater in Arabic courses) as shown in the chart below. Students must 3 Failing to maintain satisfactory academic complete all the curriculum requirements with progress (i.e., failing to achieve a a satisfactory letter grade (with the exception minimum, cumulative grade point of those classes graded pass/fail) to be eligible to average [GPA] of 2.0, including after a graduate.

probationary period) Grade Percentage 4 Being suspended from the College A 93–100 A- 90–92 5 Being expelled from the College B+ 87–89 6 Violating attendance or housing policies B 83–86 B- 80–82 7 Violating the Honor Code (see C+ 77–79 Expectations of Students section). C 73–76 C- 70–72 Students who wish to be readmitted D+ 67–69 following an administrative withdrawal D 63–66 must reapply to the College. D- 60–62 F 0–59

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 16 Students must receive an average cumulative a semester. However, an instructor may request grade of at least a C (2.0 GPA) to achieve from the Registrar a change of grade for a student satisfactory progress. The GPA is computed only when a computational or procedural error from courses taken at Zaytuna College, using occurred in the original assignment of a grade. grades A, B, C, D, and F. Grades of P (pass), AU If students believe they have been assigned a (audit), I (incomplete), W (withdrawal), and AW grade in error, they should begin by requesting (administrative withdrawal) carry no grade points that their instructor review (1) the key factors in and are excluded from grade-point computations. assigning the grade and (2) perceptions of where and how that student’s performance fell short. Grades for Arabic Courses If, after an explanation by the instructor, the student still thinks an error has been made, Students who have received grades lower than a the student may submit a written appeal to the C in Arabic courses have little chance of success Provost, who then speaks with the instructor in the next level of Arabic. Hence, a C (not C-) is and the student, preferably together, to see if the a prerequisite for advancing to the next level of conflict might be resolved without appeal to the Arabic. Students with a C- or lower are allowed Academic Standards Committee. The student’s to take a challenge exam prior to the start of the written appeal must be submitted to the Provost next semester. If students achieve a grade of C no later than February 15 for a fall semester or higher on the challenge exam, they receive a P grade and no later than September 15 for a spring (pass) for the course, allowing advancement to the semester or summer session grade. next Arabic course. If reconciliation is not possible between the Students with a grade of C- or lower who do instructor and student, the Provost convenes the not pass the Arabic challenge exam with a C or Academic Standards Committee, consisting of the higher are not eligible to advance to the next- Provost, the Registrar, the Director of Student level Arabic course. In rare cases, and with the Life, the Director of Institutional Effectiveness permission of the Arabic Department, first-year and Planning, the Administrative Director of students may be permitted to advance to the Graduate Studies, the Director of the ASC, and a second semester if they agree to conditions set standing faculty member (other than the subject by the Arabic Department. If, after meeting the of the appeal). The decision of the committee conditions in this period of grace, attempts to is final and is communicated by the Provost in meet the course standards are still unsuccessful, writing to the student, the faculty member, and and they did not achieve a grade of C or higher in the Registrar. the course, students are normally dismissed from The Academic Standards Committee is the College. convened to review and make judgments on academic issues and conflicts arising among the Appeals community of faculty, students, and academic staff. Standing members are excused whenever Grades represent an instructor’s professional they are involved in the conflict and are replaced, judgment about students’ performance in relation by the chair of the committee, with a person to the goals and requirements of a particular having comparable experience and position. course. Students will not be subjected by the If students claim to have received a grade as instructors to prejudicial or capricious grading a result of discrimination based on their race, arising from misapplication of course criteria or politics, religion, gender, or any other non- the application of nonacademic criteria, such as academic reason, the grade appeal is treated as a race, politics, religion, personal animosity, or grievance and is forwarded to the Judicial Review gender. Committee (JRC). Students are advised to keep All grades except I (incomplete) are considered all graded work from a course until they are final when assigned by an instructor at the end of certain they have no reason to challenge their final

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 17 course grades. They should also make copies of require the work to be submitted before all work submitted for grades during or at the end that date of a term. If any work that counts as part of the Only the Provost has the authority to extend final grade is not returned to students, it should the deadline beyond the one-semester limit. The be kept by the instructor for at least two years. If Provost must notify the Registrar in writing faculty members are unavailable for any length about any extensions to the original deadline. of time, they must arrange access to all course The Registrar keeps the original signed form, records and student work for other faculty and with copies given to the student and instructor. staff involved in the grade appeals process. The instructor should notify both parties in Incomplete Courses writing if any changes are made. If a student fails to complete the required work in the specified An I (incomplete) is a temporary transcript time, the Registrar must convert the incomplete notation assigned by an instructor when to the estimated letter grade specified on the extenuating circumstances prevent students from Incomplete Request Form and enter that grade completing a portion (25% or less) of the course on the student’s transcript. requirements by the last day of instruction in a term. Students can maintain no more than two Students can only receive an incomplete if they incompletes in any given semester. In cases of have a C average (in the course) or higher at the extenuating circumstances (e.g., student or family time of the request and if, in the judgment of medical emergencies), the Provost may allow the instructor, they have a chance of completing students to carry more than two incompletes. the coursework by the last day of instruction of the following semester. Having received the instructor’s Pass/Fail Option permission, students must submit an Incomplete Students are permitted to take one course per Request Form to the Registrar, no later than the semester for a pass/fail grade. Courses taken on last day of instruction of the term, complete with the this basis receive either a P (pass) or an F (fail) instructor’s signature. The form includes details from the instructor. A pass grade is assigned to of the work to be completed and the deadline students whose overall performance is deemed if different from the last day of the following satisfactory by the instructor. Upon successful semester. completion of course requirements, the instructor Incomplete grades are strongly discouraged may convert the P/F to a letter grade at the by the College and should be granted only in request of the student. extreme situations, such as illness, family crises, psychological disability, and significant difficulty Students may exercise this pass/fail option only if with the course material. Furthermore, the course they: instructor is not required to grant a student’s request for • Have not exercised the pass/fail option for an incomplete. The Incomplete Grade Agreement another course in the same semester Form requires the following: • Exercise the pass/fail option by the Friday 1 A clear statement of the specific of the ninth week of the semester requirements, decided in consultation with the instructor, that must be completed • Are not on academic probation before the incomplete is converted to a • Have the approval of their instructor grade 2 A statement by the instructor indicating In Arabic courses, the passing grade is a C or what grade will be assigned if the work above (73% or higher). In all other courses, the is not completed by the last day of the passing grade is a D- or above (63% or higher). following semester; the instructor may

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 18 Auditing Courses no grade below a B- (80%) and no AW in any course. A failure or administrative withdrawal Full-time students may audit one course per in any course normally results in students being semester, by permission of the instructor and administratively withdrawn from the College. Faculty Advisor, under the following conditions: Students receiving scholarships must reach the • The student is in good academic higher standard of a 3.7 GPA to maintain their standing. scholarship. • The student is not on probationary status of any type (academic, financial, Probationary Status or attendance). BA students who fall below a cumulative GPA • The student is not requesting to audit of 2.0, and MA students who fall below a a course he/she is required to take in the cumulative GPA of 3.0 (or their thesis proposal future. is not approved) are placed on academic • The student is not a freshman. probation. They have one semester to raise (Freshmen are ineligible to audit courses.) their GPA to a satisfactory status. MA students • The classroom has not reached must have an approved thesis proposal prior to maximum capacity. the third semester of the MA program. Failure The completed Audit Request Form (available to do so normally results in students being from the Registrar) must be submitted to the administratively withdrawn from the College. Registrar by the second Friday of the semester. Appeal Process Auditors are expected to abide by the policies of the instructor regarding course expectations, The Academic Standards Committee may grant including seating arrangements and attendance. an additional semester of probationary status to They are given permission to quietly and allow students to achieve satisfactory progress. To respectfully observe and not participate, unless be considered, students must: directed otherwise by the instructor. Auditors are responsible for purchasing and obtaining the 1 File an appeal of dismissal by email to the course materials. Provost 2 Demonstrate that satisfactory progress can Academic Standing be achieved by the end of the next regular semester Satisfactory Progress 3 Accept the conditions specified by the BA students enter a cohort and remain with that Academic Standards Committee cohort for the four years of their degree program. Students who fail to meet the conditions specified To achieve the learning outcomes outlined by by the Academic Standards Committee have no the College, students must maintain satisfactory further possibility of appeal and normally are progress by passing every course each year. administratively withdrawn from the College. Satisfactory progress toward the BA degree requires a cumulative GPA of at least 2.0 for Academic Honors a BA student, with no grade of F and no AW (administrative withdrawal) in any course. A Academic honors are conferred at failure or administrative withdrawal in any Commencement on students who have excelled course normally results in students being in their studies throughout their four years at administratively withdrawn from the College. Zaytuna. Satisfactory progress toward the MA degree Students who graduate with a 3.65 to 3.79 requires a cumulative GPA of at least 3.0 with GPA are awarded their degree cum laude (with

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 19 honors). Students who graduate with a 3.80 to the course learning outcomes were achieved. 3.89 GPA are awarded their degree magna cum laude (with high honors). The summa cum laude Other Transfer Credits (with highest honors) is awarded to students The College does not award credit for prior graduating with a 3.90 to 4.0 GPA. experiential learning or for challenge exams, Students who have any outstanding academic such as the College Level Examination Program obligations that have not been satisfied by (CLEP), AP courses, or other achievement tests. Commencement Day may not have academic honors announced at the Commencement Conferral of Undergraduate Degree ceremony except with written permission from Graduation is celebrated at the Commencement the Provost. ceremony, which is typically held in the third or Transfer Credit fourth week of May. Walking in the Commencement ceremony is not equivalent to being awarded the degree. Due to the unique curriculum of the Zaytuna The date of graduation is not necessarily the date College BA program, few, if any, credits from of Commencement, but the date all academic other institutions of higher education are likely to requirements are met. be deemed equivalent to Zaytuna’s courses, and After students complete all graduation the College reserves the right to accept or reject requirements, as evidenced by the official college credits earned at other institutions. Students at transcript, the Registrar mails the diploma to the College advance through their studies in the permanent mailing address on file for each cohorts, so transfer credits may reduce students’ student. course loads for any given semester but do not In rare instances, if all course requirements allow students to advance through the program have been met but a minor portion of the in fewer than four years. Advanced placement graduation requirements remains to be (AP) course credits earned in high school are not completed, a student may be allowed to transferable to Zaytuna College. participate in the Commencement ceremony, provided an acceptable agreement has been Arabic Fluency reached between the student and the instructor or If students have a fluency deemed to be thesis advisor. equivalent to the College’s prerequisite Arabic Requests, and the signed agreement, must be course (the SAI Program), attendance in the submitted to the Provost for approval at least SAI is not required as long as students pass the a week prior to the date of Commencement. proficiency exam given upon admission. The Registrar maintains the signed agreements. The degree is not awarded until all graduation First Year of Fiqh requirements have been met. Additionally, Zaytuna may award credit for first-yearfiqh diplomas are not mailed if any holds (e.g., a (Islamic Law 1–2) if students demonstrate that the financial hold due to money owed) remain on a texts were studied successfully elsewhere and that student’s account.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 20 The Curriculum

Arabic in the BA Program level. Additionally, instruction emphasizes the acquisition of competence in translation at an Summer Before Freshman Year intermediate level, as well as familiarity with cultural and religious topics. Beginning Arabic Summer Before Sophomore Year The SAI Program introduces students Intermediate Arabic 3 to Modern Standard Arabic. Following a proficiency-oriented teaching method, it aims This course consists of a systematic study of to help students achieve elementary-level standard Arabic morphology (¢ilm al-taśrīf) and competence in listening, reading, speaking, grammar (¢ilm al-naĥw) through Al-Ājarrūmiyyah, and writing, and to introduce them to various a comprehensive classical text by Ibn Ājarrūm (d. aspects of Arab and Islamic culture through the 1323). The course emphasizes the application of curriculum of Al-Kitaab and various multimedia. grammatical knowledge of morphological forms The Arabic grammatical tradition receives special and syntactic declension to a close linguistic consideration by focusing on morphology, reading of the Qur’an and authentic Islamic syntax, and oral competence, as developed literature across a variety of disciplines. through extensive use of reading exercises and Note: This course is mandatory for Zaytuna small-group conversation practice. students. Note: Students who pass the Arabic Language Placement Test upon enrollment do not have to Arabic Qualification Exam take the first SAI. At the end of the summer, students must pass Fres hman Year an Arabic qualification exam with a grade of 85 percent or better to proceed to the sophomore Intermediate Arabic 1 and 2 year. Students who do not pass this exam are dismissed from the program. Nonetheless, having This two-semester sequence builds upon the completed the equivalent of three years of Arabic foundation of the SAI Program and helps study, departing students receive a certificate students achieve intermediate-level competence of recognition indicating intermediate-level in listening, reading, speaking, and writing. The proficiency in Arabic. proficiency-oriented teaching method employs both written and audiovisual materials to teach Sophomore Year various aspects of Arab and Islamic culture. The Arabic grammatical tradition receives special Arabic Grammar and Texts 1 and 2 emphasis, with a focus on morphology, syntax, and oral competence, as developed through This two-semester course gradually increases the extensive use of reading exercises and small- level of immersion in an Arabic environment, group conversation practice. reviewing previous grammatical rules through Through this course, students expand their the reading of intermediate-high-level texts and language competence in both the productive completing Al-Kitaab, Parts 2 and 3. Instruction skills of speaking and writing and the receptive focuses on the application of grammatical skills of reading and listening, from the low- and morphological concepts, with the goal of intermediate level to the middle-intermediate cementing these rules while advancing students

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 21 toward proficiency. This course emphasizes badī¢ (the science of rhetorical figures), as presented vocabulary acquisition through reading, writing, in Durūs al-balāghah by Ĥanafī Nāśīf (d. 1919), and classroom discussions. Muĥammad Diyāb (d. 1921), Muśţafā Tammūm (d. 1935), and Sulţān Muĥammad (n.d.). Building Junior Year upon the previous study of diction, morphology, and syntax, theoretical knowledge is augmented Advanced Arabic Morphology with a rhetorical analysis of selections from the Qur’an, prophetic traditions, and select genres of This course in Arabic morphology (¢ilm al-taśrīf) classical poetry and prose. entails a focused study of the Arabic word (al- kalimah) based on topics presented in Taśrīf al- Senior Arabic Seminar ¢Izzī by ¢Abd al-Wahhāb b. Ibrāhīm al-Zanjānī (d. 1257). Students study morphological derivation This seminar involves student-led discussions (ishtiqāq), verb conjugation (taśrīf al-af¢āl), and around a variety of advanced Arabic texts across lexical semantics (ma¢ānī) to undertake linguistic disciplines and literary genres. Students may use analysis of classical literature for accurate reading this opportunity to share texts they found useful and comprehension. for their senior thesis or they may select texts that reflect their particular interests from any Advanced Arabic Grammar time, place, and genre within the Arabic literary landscape. The Arabic linguistic tradition refers to the grammatical effect of one word on another Advanced Arabic Program as ¢amal (governance). Thus, one understands all constituents of a sentence as either ¢awāmil Advanced students remain members of their (sg. ¢āmil, governors) or ma¢mūlāt (sg. ma¢mūl, cohort (the group of students who enter in the governed). Such government produces a tripartite same year) but are excused from parts of the case ending on nouns and verbs, known as al-i¢rāb standard curriculum, based on their level, as (declension/conjugation). This course presents determined by performance on Advanced Arabic foundational topics in Arabic grammar (naĥw) and Placement (AAP) exams. semantics (ma¢ānī) through the theory of ¢amal, AAP exams can be taken at the beginning of as outlined in Matn al-¢awāmil, by Zayn al-Dīn each year (usually during Orientation week; Muĥammad b. Bīr al-Birkawī (d. 1573). Students exact dates to be announced each year); a improve upon their reading comprehension by request should be submitted in advance to the applying key grammar skills to weekly selections Arabic Department. The exams are designed from classical Arabic literature. to test students on topics taught in each year of the undergraduate curriculum. Students Senior Year must get a score of 85 percent or higher on the corresponding AAP exam to be excused from a Arabic Rhetoric and Literature specific year. Students must complete all parts of the This is an introductory course in ¢ilm al-balāghah curriculum before taking part in the Advanced (the science of eloquence) as crystallized by Arabic Program. If students finish the Arabic the thirteenth century CE into three branches: requirement before their senior year, they should namely, (1) ¢ilm al-ma¢āni (the science of meanings), consult with the director of the Arabic Language focusing on the role of syntax in literary beauty; (2) Program. ¢ilm al-bayān (the science of elucidation), covering simile, metaphor, and metonymy; and (3) ¢ilm al-

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 22 BA Course Descriptions non-Muslims, the manner of repairing ruptures in devotional acts, exemptions from compulsory Year 1: Fall worship, and the spiritual dimensions of worship.

All Arabic Language Courses Islamic Law 1 | Shafi‘i Fiqh: Purification and Prayer Please refer to the special section on Arabic courses for details. As an introduction to Islamic positive law, this course equips students with the knowledge to Islamic Law 1 | Hanafi Fiqh: Purification navigate and fulfill lifelong religious duties, bringing knowledge and confidence to their and Prayer worship of God. Instruction makes use of two The study of the pillars of faith (shahādah) and classical texts and their respective commentary prayer (śalāh), which includes purification ţahārah( ) traditions: Matn al-ghāyah wa al-taqrīb by Abū and ceremonial prayer, introduces Islamic Shujā¢ al-Aśfahānī and ¢Umdat al-sālik by Aĥmad theology and examines the most important and b. al-Naqib al-Miśrī. Students learn detailed foundational ritual of Islam. Students engage rulings on purification and daily prayer. They relevant Islamic theological concepts and also examine some of the textual proofs for explore the meaning of jurisprudence (fiqh), the those rulings. Specifically, instruction treats the rulings related to ritual prayer, the etiquette of methods, instruments, and aims of purification, supplication, and the spiritual dimensions of as well as the types of water, ablution, wiping on worship. Students aspiring to join the Honors leather socks, purification while wearing casts, the Program are also required to study and memorize ways of preparing for prayer, the requirements for a classical text (matn) in the first year to serve valid prayer, the importance of correctly reciting as a memory peg for the jurisprudence of their al-Fatiĥah, Friday and Eid, funeral prayers, prayer respective school. while sick or while traveling, what may invalidate prayer, and exceptional situations. Key concepts, Islamic Law 1 | Maliki Fiqh: Purification together with stipulative and declaratory rulings, and Prayer receive special consideration. Throughout the semester students keep a journal, participate Islamic law forms the foundation for a life of regularly in class discussions, and prepare written devotion and servitude to God. The curriculum assignments. They also take midterm and final in Maliki fiqh, therefore, introduces Islamic exams. The course strongly emphasizes students’ theology and examines the most important ability to memorize, recall, and apply key and foundational rituals of Islam. Working concepts related to purification and prayer. systematically through the principles and rules of Muslim ceremonial practice, as envisioned Introduction to the Qur’an in the school of Imam Mālik b. Anas (711–793) and explained in Al-Murshid al-mu¢īn (The Students undertake an introductory study of the helpful guide), students undertake a detailed Qur’an to familiarize themselves with its content, study of the pillars of faith (shahādah) and prayer arrangement, and vocabulary. For each class, they (śalāh), which includes purification ţahārah( ) prepare one part (juz’) of the Qur’an, both in and ceremonial prayer. The course explores the Arabic and in translation. Surveying some of the meaning of jurisprudence, the rulings on ritual finer points of language, style, and interpretation, prayer, obligatory and supererogatory prayers, class discussions focus nonetheless on the major the etiquette of supplication (du¢ā’), prerequisites themes and arguments of the Qur’an, its overall for prayer, the status of the one who abandons structure, and the order of its chapters. From a prayer, apostasy, the status of the worship of confessional perspective, increased familiarity

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 23 with every aspect of the Qur’an justifies itself. is the highest purpose for every Muslim to follow Additionally, this course prepares students for his example. Students engage selections from deeper engagement with the sacred text in original historical sources and such foundational Qur’anic sciences during their sophomore year. texts as the Sīrah of Ibn Hishām (d. 218 AH/833 Finally, as the course requires frequent writing, CE), compiled and synthesized in the work of students refine their critical thinking and research contemporary scholar Martin Lings. Freshmen skills. further examine the authenticated narratives related to the Prophet s and acquaint themselves Trivium Seminar 1: Grammar with the normative biography Muslims across the globe have recognized. Class participation Grammar focuses students’ attention on constitutes an important verification of the care the symbolic representation of thought in students take to read and assess the arguments and language. To frame grammar in metaphysics, themes in assigned materials. Socratic method students read Aristotle’s Categories, which quickly exposes incomplete, faulty, or haphazard lays the foundation for further study of logic preparation. The course further requires a critical and rhetoric. Thereafter, the seminar reviews review in writing of a contemporary monograph (1) the prescriptive rules of language, (2) on prophetic biography and a final research paper. taxonomies of linguistic phenomena, and (3) the mechanics of prosody and syntax. As the Year 1: Spring cornerstone upon which the whole of a liberal arts curriculum rests, this course develops the Islamic Law 2 | Hanafi Fiqh: Fasting, analytical skills needed for the close reading of Zakat, and Pilgrimage texts. Oedipus Tyrannus provides the paradigm students scrutinize in multiple readings, each Sophomores continue their examination of the through a distinct theoretical lens. Aristotle’s pillars of Islam by focusing on fasting, zakat, Poetics comments directly upon Sophocles and and hajj. Students learn how the school of Imam offers an analysis of mimesis and the elements Abū Ĥanīfah understands the principles and rules of tragedy. Through Freud’s On the Interpretation of fasting, of purifying one’s wealth, and of the of Dreams, students investigate the pathologies rites of the hajj as the basis for a life of devotion of pity and fear represented in Oedipus’ plight. and servitude to God. The course covers the Finally, Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy explores linguistic and technical meanings of key terms, the Dionysian and Apollonian forces at work as well as the rulings concerning fasting, zakat, in ancient drama. While instruction places and hajj—their integrals, recommended acts, primary emphasis on clear writing and cogent offensive acts, invalidators, ways of making up argumentation in frequent, short essays on these missed acts, and supererogatory forms. Students great texts, the course also includes exercises in gain detailed knowledge of all three pillars of recitation, lexicography, and criticism. the religion, while also studying some of the pertinent scriptural sources. Lastly, students Prophetic Biography begin to read legal manuals of the tradition in the Arabic language. To express love, one must know the beloved. The Qur’an affirms that the path to learning divine Islamic Law 2 | Maliki Fiqh: Fasting, love consists of following the footsteps of our beloved Prophet s. To accomplish this task, Zakat, and Pilgrimage one must come to know the life, struggles, and Sophomores continue their examination of the moral character of the final Prophet s. Indeed, pillars of Islam by focusing on fasting, zakat, the Prophet Muĥammad s is the model for and hajj within the framework of the Maliki Muslims, as individuals and communities, and it school. This class delves further into Al-Murshid

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 24 al-mu¢īn, introduced in the first semester. In Trivium Seminar 2: Logic particular, students learn how the school of Imam Mālik b. Anas articulates (1) the principles and Students learn Aristotle’s formal system of logic, rules of Muslim financial practices in charity as developed in the Organon, especially the Prior and business dealings, (2) the principles and rules and Posterior Analytics and On Interpretation. Texts regarding fasting, and (3) procedures to follow in include ancient, medieval, and Renaissance performing hajj as the basis for a life of devotion commentaries on the Corpus Aristotelicum from and servitude to God. Special topics include Porphyry, Thomas Aquinas, and John of St. zakat on monetary wealth, zakat on agriculture Thomas. Formal logic refers to the structure and livestock, zakat regarding merchandise and rather than the matter or content of arguments. merchants’ inventory, and recipients of zakat. It represents terms by symbols, which reveal The students and instructor discuss fasting in the elements of a logical proposition and the detail, as well as the full procedure of hajj. The construction of a syllogism. The metaphysical course also briefly touches on the diseases of the foundations of Aristotelian formal logic receive heart and their cures. special emphasis. Developing core logical principles in light of the acts of the intellect to which they correspond, students’ learning centers Islamic Law 2| Shafi‘i Fiqh: Fasting, upon (1) the concept, which is the product of the Zakat, and Pilgrimage act of simple apprehension; (2) the proposition, This second course on Islamic positive law in which arises from the intellect’s combination and the Shafi‘i tradition builds upon the foundation division of concepts; and (3) the syllogism, which of the previous semester and continues the constitutes the intellect’s act of demonstrative students’ introduction to the Matn al-ghāyah wa reasoning. The Trivium Seminar in Logic al-taqrīb by Abū Shujā¢ al-Aśfahānī and ¢Umdat provides a complete set of concepts, rules, and al-sālik by Aĥmad b. al-Naqib al-Miśrī. Students methods by which students can recognize and explore the methods, instruments, aims, and construct sound arguments. In each class session, objectives of zakat, fasting, and hajj, along with students work together to complete logical an examination of some of the textual proofs for exercises. In the course of the semester, they take those rulings. The course treats such issues as the exams that emphasize each discrete act of the properties on which zakat is obligatory, livestock, intellect. A comprehensive final exam concludes currency, wealth, trade goods, inventory, gold the semester. By the end of the course, students and silver, zakāt al-fiţr, and the distribution of are able to analyze an argument into its premises zakat. With regard to fasting, students examine and conclusion, recast it into proper syllogistic the conditions obligating the fast, things that form, and identify formal fallacies. invalidate the fast, and matters regarding spiritual retreat. Lastly, with regard to hajj, students Trivium Seminar 3: Rhetoric learn the full procedure of hajj, including the Rhetoric constitutes the third discipline of the conditions obligating hajj, the integrals of hajj trivium. Considered the master art, rhetoric and ¢umrah, what to do and what not to do during presupposes a solid grasp of grammar and logic hajj, and the question of expiation. Throughout and draws constantly upon them. For Aristotle, the semester, students keep a journal, participate rhetoric is “the faculty of observing in any given regularly in class discussions, and prepare written case the available means of persuasion.” As the assignments. They also take midterm and final influential modern rhetorician Kenneth Burke exams. The course strongly emphasizes the (1897–1993) put it, “Rhetoric is rooted in an students’ ability to memorize, recall, and apply essential function of language itself, a function key concepts related to the pillars of Islam. that is wholly realistic and continually born anew: the use of language as a symbolic means

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 25 of inducing cooperation in beings that by nature Year 2: Fall respond to symbols.” Students analyze important historical treatises in rhetorical theory. In the Qur’anic Sciences Gorgias and the Phædrus, they encounter Plato’s This course examines the sciences associated censure of the practice and purpose of rhetoric. with the study of the sacred text, known in In Aristotle’s Rhetoric, they find a new theoretical Arabic as ¢ulūm al-Qur’ān. Topics include types basis for the art. Cicero’s De oratore attempts to of revelation; books of revelation; history of reconcile Greek views, and the Institutio oratoria the transmission, collection, arrangement, and of Quintilian concerns itself with method standardization of the Qur’an; variant/multiple and application. Putting into practice their readings found in the ¢Uthmānic Codex as well training in grammar and logic, students write as the pre-¢Uthmānic manuscripts; language; and revise epideictic, forensic, and deliberative vocabulary; textual analysis/collation and essays. They further practice common rhetorical translation theories; principles of exegesis progymnasmata to invest their academic writing and abrogation; virtues; and inimitability. with greater clarity, vigor, and persuasion. Students focus on concepts embedded in the classical Islamic tradition but also explore key Creedal Theology contemporary reference works. Instruction Islamic creedal theology and its dialectical centers upon the seminal Itqān fī ¢ulūm al-Qur’ān tradition, with special emphasis on normative by Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūţī (d. 911 AH/1505 CE), Sunni doctrine, form the core of this material. as presented by contemporary scholars Ahmad Students learn about (1) the historical schisms that von Denffer and Justice Mufti Muhammad Taqi generate the theological diversity contemporary Usmani. To gain familiarity with contemporary Muslims have inherited, (2) the rational and anti- Western diachronic and synchronic approaches rational tendencies that marked the struggle for to the Qur’an, and to respond critically to the determining orthodoxy, and (3) the teachings challenges they may present, students engage of surviving schools of thought on various with Michel Cuypers’ The Composition of the doctrinal issues. Beginning with the Qur’an and Qur’an: Rhetorical Analysis, along with Carl Ernst’s branching into such classical sources as Al-¢Aqīdah How to Read the Qur’an. The standard Geschichte al-Ţaĥāwiyyah and Al-Fiqh al-akbar, students des Qorans of Theodor Nöldeke (1836–1930) recurs examine the nature of divinity, prophethood, prominently throughout the semester. eschatology, revelation, indiscernible realities, Prophetic Tradition destiny, free will, and theodicy. Class participation constitutes an important verification The prophetic tradition and the sciences of the care students take to read and assess the associated with it form the core of this seminar. arguments and themes in assigned materials. Topics include the history of hadith compilation; Socratic method quickly exposes incomplete, hadith structure and content; major hadith faulty, or haphazard preparation. Lexicography canons; criteria for hadith authentication; assignments assist students in developing the nomenclature; the importance and practical specialized Arabic nomenclature that expresses uses of hadith in law, theology, and ethics, and scholarly proficiency in the field. A final as historical and rhetorical resources; as well as research paper, meant in part to exhibit students’ Western criticism and Muslim responses to this competence in deploying the technical lexicon, criticism. Students must study, decipher, and concludes the semester. memorize Al-Manżūmah al-Bayqūniyyah, the didactic poem of Imam al-Bayqūnī, and hadith from al-Nawawī’s Forty Hadith collection. Lastly, they interact with excerpts from original Arabic hadith canons.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 26 Logic in the Islamic Tradition Starting from just five axioms, Euclid derives most of basic geometry in Book I. Although the The history of Arabic logic, its development conceptual framework of a mathematical proof in the classical period, and its reception in and its necessity constitutes a difficulty even subsequent Muslim thought forms the core for advanced math majors, the Elements offers of this material. Instruction focuses on terms, direct and accessible inferential argumentation definitions, propositions, syllogisms, and expressed in ordinary language without fallacies. Such historical texts as the sixteenth- dense theoretical preliminaries. Leading century Al-Sullam al-munawraq fī ¢ilm al-manţiq, from axiom through deduction, the Elements a versification of Imam al-Abharī’s medieval builds mathematical structure from scratch. work the Kitāb al-Īsāghūjī, bring to light the place In this introductory course, students verify of logic in the other Islamic sciences. Students the propositions of Book One that yield the develop a firm grasp of Arabic logical terms and Pythagorean theorem and its converse (I.47 and so acquire a vital toolkit for future scholarship in I.84). In place of exams, students develop and the Islamic tradition. The course also surveys the present geometric proofs both orally in class contributions of Muslim thinkers to the ongoing and through written homework assignments. development of logic. While preparing weekly Well acquainted with the nomenclature of assignments, students see that assigned readings geometry, students learn to formulate a proof and class discussions provide a platform to identify with an irrefutable argument and to grasp how a and develop topics for their research paper on mathematical system unfolds. the history of logic in the Islamic tradition. A comprehensive exam concludes the semester. Seminal Ancient Texts Islamic History History and literature provide the lens through which students examine the important ancient This course is designed to provide students texts written before or during the Axial Age with a basic outline of Islamic history and (Achsenzeit; the eighth to third centuries introduce them to various methods employed in BCE). Using both descriptive and prescriptive contemporary historical research about Muslim approaches, students engage with these texts societies. Students learn how to distinguish directly to analyze their themes, contents, between the study of Muslim peoples and the literary styles/devices, and meanings. They study of the history of Islam as a socio-political also familiarize themselves with the lost world phenomenon. They are exposed to the unique from which these texts emerged. Comparing spiritual and intellectual traditions of Islam, as and contrasting the texts, students seek to distinct from the dynastic, or power-centric, determine whether and how early texts might model of Islamic historical study. Students also have influenced later ones. Most of all, they think examine the global impact of Western European about what these works may mean for the world modernization, the ways in which Muslim today. Readings include the Epic of Gilgamesh, the societies responded, and how those responses Code of Hammurabi, the Pentateuch, and the Psalms inform the contemporary challenges and crises of of David from the ancient Near East; the Hymn the Muslim world. to the Aten from ancient Egypt; the Theogony and Works and Days of Hesiod and the Histories Year 2: Spring of Herodotus from ancient Greece; the Analects Euclidean Geometry of Confucius and Tao Te Ching of Lao Tzu from ancient China; and the Bhagavad Gita and In thirteen books, the Elements works out the Dhammapada from ancient South Asia. logic of plane and solid geometry, elementary number theory, and incommensurable lines.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 27 Politics Year 3: Fall Directly examining the works of Plato (the Republic), Aristotle (the Politics), Thomas Aquinas Islamic Family Law (Questions on Law), Machiavelli (The Prince and Principally, this course teaches the laws that the Discourses on Livy), Hobbes (Leviathan), Locke govern the formation, care, and dissolution of (Second Treatise on Government), Rousseau (On the the family. Students study the Islamic codes Social Contract), Mill (On Liberty), and Marx (The of marriage (nikāĥ), divorce (ţalāq), legitimacy Communist Manifesto and selections from Capital), (naśab), suckling (rađā¢ah), child custody (ĥađānah), seminar participants seek to understand how and maintenance (nafaqah). In the process of this political philosophy shapes the institutions of study, they become acquainted with the rights government. These major texts from the history and obligations of spouses, fitness and suitability of political thought raise questions about the in marriage (kafā’ah), abortion (ijhāđ), polygyny design of political and social orders. Students (ta¢addud al-zawjāt), guardianship (wilāyah), child explore the ways in which these great thinkers support, and other topics. responded to the particular political problems of their day, and the ways in which they contributed Constitutional Law to a broader view of human goods and needs, the concepts of justice and democracy, and the This course in Constitutional law treats both law proper relationship of the individual to the and legal theory in the United States. Students state. Throughout the semester, students build examine the legal ramifications of the separation a lexicon of political thought and write weekly of powers between the legislative, judicial, and essays in response to prompts on the reading executive branches, and study individual liberties material. in our contemporary constitutional order. They also inquire into the relationships and interplay Economics between federal, state, and local governments, and the roles and limits of those levels of government. A Muslim perspective on economic thought Case study forms the core discipline that shapes takes into account the competing views of the thinking and develops the analytical skills of humanity and nature reflected in Islamic and the students. secular approaches to matters of production, consumption, and exchange. This course, Kalam Theology therefore, begins with an analysis of the spiritual significance of production in traditional Islamic This course examines the formation of the thought and its implications for the link between Ash¢arī and Māturīdī schools of Islamic theology, ethics and economics in consumption and their synthesis of reason and revelation in exchange. Students then study the sequential dialectics and hermeneutics, their historical secularization of the sciences of nature, consolidation as Sunni orthodoxy, and the production, and exchange in the West, which dogmatic theology of the Asharite response. elevated economics as an independent discipline Students undertake a careful examination of the in the eighteenth century. Finally, students Ash¢arī didactic poem Jawharat al-tawĥīd and its consider the effect of the secularization of important modern commentary tradition. They neoclassical economics, particularly its theory of further engage with the Māturīdī text Al-Bidāyah consumption, which replaces needs with wants fī uśūl al-dīn to discover the central theological and reduces values to tastes. issues that majoritarian Sunni Islam examined and the positions it embraced. Finally, students consider the relationship of theology with spirituality and ethics, how Muslim orthodoxy

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 28 gives rise to social and political harmony, and the together with an abstract. The practicum director contemporary relevance of theology in dealing offers commentary and assesses each of these with atheism and scientistic reductionism. Weekly assignments and students’ performance in each of discussions probe students’ grasp of demanding the class activities. texts. A major project requires the memorization, recitation, and explication of selections from Jawharat al-tawĥīd. A short research paper offers Year 3: Spring students the opportunity to demonstrate clear writing and cogent argumentation in the field. Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence The study of Islamic legal theory and the Philosophy principles of Islamic jurisprudence (uśūl al-fiqh) The history of Western philosophy from c. 350 forms the core. Students learn the philosophical BCE through c. 1960 CE unfolds in three major underpinnings of the primary and secondary epochs: Greek antiquity (Plato and Aristotle), legal sources; the indications of these sources; late antiquity (Plotinus) and the Latin Middle and the objective criteria that qualify a person to Ages (Thomas Aquinas and William of Ockham), derive legal rulings directly from the sources of and the modern and contemporary periods Islamic law (ijtihād), without being bound by legal (Descartes, Nietzsche, Hume, Kant, and Ayer). precedent. Preconditions for the practice of this Students also read contemporary philosophical science include strong familiarity with positive texts that engage religious traditions with law (furū¢), Arabic grammar and morphology, and modern philosophical problems. The course logic. Students undertake a guided reading of a furthers students’ development of philosophical number of classical manuals, with a focus on the reading and writing skills, with emphasis on memorization of the key nomenclature of this careful analysis and exposition of arguments, science. The language of instruction for this class clear definition of terms, consistent identification is English, with the requirement of reading texts of fundamental principles, and the concise in Arabic. summarization of broad systems of thought. Comparative Theologies Research Methods Seminar How does Islamic theology compare to or This practicum in research and writing takes contrast with the defining elements in the students step by step through the processes of (1) dharmic faiths of Hinduism, Buddhism, and scholarly investigation; (2) the compilation and Jainism; the ancient Far Eastern traditions of analysis of their findings; and (3) the production Taoism and Confucianism; and the Abrahamic of a well-argued, properly documented research faiths of Judaism and Christianity (Catholic, paper. Using A Manual for Writers of Research Orthodox, and Protestant)? Answering this Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, by Kate L. question requires a systematic presentation of the Turabian, and Garner’s Chicago Guide as reference main themes, concepts, beliefs, and key figures of works, class sessions consist of presentations each religious tradition. Special attention is given on research methods and academic writing; to the most common trends in classical Jewish and research and note-taking exercises; and directed, Christian theologies and how they intersect with practical, hands-on activities at the libraries of or diverge from traditional Muslim conceptions UC Berkeley and the GTU. Students formulate of God. Students also critically examine some their senior thesis research question, articulate of the beliefs, theories, and trends that dominate a clear thesis statement, prepare a preliminary contemporary academic theological discourse, outline, present an annotated bibliography, which may include such widely divergent and submit their formal senior thesis proposal perspectives as perennialism and new atheism.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 29 Readings in Muslim Spirituality texts and are able to describe their formative influence on Islamic thought. Is there a normative Muslim view of the nature of the human soul and its relationship Year 4: Fall to the cosmos? Students study the evolution of Sufism, from the inception of Islam until its Metaphysical Foundations consolidation as an orthodox religious science, and the contribution it made in providing We cannot escape metaphysics. Even so, the the theological and intellectual frameworks term is notoriously difficult to define. Muslim governing Muslim reflection on reality. Students theologians and philosophers have identified also become familiar with the different genres the subject matter of this science as the most of Sufi literature. The rich lexicon of terms in general and universal of all things: the existent spirituality and related concepts provides students (al-mawjūd) qua existent. Hence, it has been with extraordinary access to the history of the called the scientia generalis. Since metaphysics field and especially to textual traditions. Class comes after physics (¢ilm mā fī ba¢d al-ţabī¢ah), participation constitutes an important verification we think of it as the science of divinity (al-¢ilm of the care students take to read and assess the al-ilāhī), scientia universalis (al-¢ilm al-kullī), kalam arguments and themes in assigned materials. A theology (¢ilm al-kalām), and the first teaching final project requires memorization, recitation, (al-ta¢līm al-awwal). This course covers topics and explication of selected spiritual aphorisms. such as existence, nonexistence, quiddity, causation, substance, accidents, the categories, Classical Muslim Texts and Commentaries atomism, hylomorphism, universals, particulars, nominalism, immaterial objects, identity, This advanced course introduces juniors to the persistence, proofs for the existence of the soul, most influential texts of the classical period’s and the faculties of the soul. Syed Muhammad greatest thinkers: al-Kindī, Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), Naquib al-Attas’s explanation of the Islamic al-Ghazālī, and Ibn Rushd (Averroës). The vision of reality and truth as “a metaphysical semester begins with al-Kindī, the first Muslim survey of the visible as well as the invisible worlds philosopher to have engaged Greek philosophy including the perspective of life as a whole” opens with Islamic teachings. Afterwards, students this course to topics such as the conception of study Ibn Sīnā’s Al-Ishārāt wa al-tanbīhāt (Remarks religion and the meaning of happiness. Other and admonitions) and examine its influence in topics covered include essentialism, conceptions shaping the curricula of the madrasa system, of the self, social ontology, conception of the from its introduction to the present. Thirdly, natural world, natural kinds, and epistemology. students examine al-Ghazālī’s Mishkāt al-anwār (The niche of light), in which he establishes the Ethics grounds, both in the Qur’an and hadith, for his philosophical and theological work. Finally, How has ethics evolved as a branch of philosophy, students consider Ibn Rushd’s Faśl al-maqāl (The both in its speculative and practical aspects? To decisive treatise), which presents a clear view of answer this question, students start their inquiry the relationship between philosophy and religion with virtue ethics, especially as it unfolds in both from the perspective of both philosopher and a the Euthyphro and the Gorgias of Plato, and in jurist (qāđī). As students explore these texts, they Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics. They continue discuss the central issues and concepts of Islamic by exploring the development of aretaism in philosophy and theology and the relationship Jewish, Christian, and Muslim thought, especially between religion, theology, philosophy, and Maimonides, Aquinas, and al-Isfahani. Thereafter, Sufism. By the end of the semester, students grasp the course focuses on the Enlightenment and the main principles and themes addressed by these its turn away from virtue theory, particularly

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 30 in the deontological ethics of Kant and the to the present unfold in this seminar, which utilitarianism of Mill. Finally, students look investigates the thought and contributions carefully at the challenges of moral relativism in of various figures who have influenced light of aretaic theory. Throughout the semester, contemporary Islamic discourse in the areas of students observe how metaphysics informs ethical law, theology, philosophy, politics, ethics, and perspectives and attempt to arrive at a clearer spirituality (taśawwuf). Specific topics include understanding of current ethical debates in the secularism, reform (iślāĥ), independent reasoning light of multiple perspectives. By the end of the (ijtihād), following qualified scholarship taqlīd( ), course, students will have gained an appreciation public and private good (maślaĥah), decorum of virtue ethics, recognizing the inherent tensions (adab), vicegerency (khilāfah), the nation-state, between aretaic traditions and modern ethical Muslim fundamentalism and extremism, frameworks. constitutionalism, critical assessment (taĥqīq), critique, progressive Islam, gender, sexual Astronomy in the Islamic Tradition orientation, the Enlightenment, modernity, the Astronomy investigates the origin of the cosmos decline thesis, scholars (¢ulamā’) and new Muslim (¢ilm al-kawniyyāt), the motion of celestial bodies intellectuals, religious authority, Islamism, (¢ilm al-falak), and time-keeping (¢ilm at-tawqīt). justice, freedom, Islamization, Muslim feminist Historically, sustained and careful inquiry into thought, tradition, and philosophia perennis. these discrete fields of astronomy has generated other branches of empirical science. Students Year 4: Spring explore the development of astronomy in both Islamic culture and the West with special Islamic Commercial Law emphasis on how the heavens signal God’s order This course acquaints students with the Islamic and design. Examining ancient and modern teachings on business transactions, sales, and sources, students follow the discoveries of ethics. Students learn the basic components Ptolemy, al-Ţūsī, al-Shāţir, Ibn al-Haytham, of a business transaction, contracts, types of al-Bīrūnī, Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Newton, exchanges, the rules of buying and selling, the and Einstein, and arrive at last at a contemporary impermissible forms of transaction, insurance, understanding of the universe. Their study lease-purchase, mortgages, stocks and bonds, emphasizes the motion of the sun, stars, and bank accounts, debts, refunds, financing, planets, moon phases, and the interrelation of warranties, bankruptcy, monopolies, the various celestial phenomena. Students then apply theory types of Islamic corporations, and much more. to practice by building an astrolabe to model the All topics are dealt with based on the guidance motion of the sun. Using their instruments to of the Qur’an, the sunnah, and the findings of track star movement throughout the year makes it Muslim scholars. possible for them correctly to work out the times for prayer prescribed by Islam. While sighting the crescent moon further endows them with Islamic Inheritance Law a fundamental skill for keeping time, study of What is the prescribed way of disposing of a positional and navigational stars teaches students person’s possessions after death, according to how reliably to orient themselves to the qiblah. Islamic teachings? This course covers the laws of Assessments include written work, computational inheritance and wills, including heirs, the rules assignments, quizzes, and a final exam. of exclusion (ĥajb), the law of increase (¢awl), the laws of return (radd), and shares. Students also Contemporary Muslim Thought study areas of disagreement between Muslim The key intellectual developments in the legal schools, along with some contemporary Muslim world from the late seventeenth century applications. Students engage in practical

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 31 applications and exercises related to a number of with his theory of the separation of powers. hypothetical scenarios. Afterward, we focus upon the United States specifically and the concept of democratic Al-Ghazālī pluralism as it unfolds in the Federalists (Hamilton, Madison, Jay), the anti-Federalists Our tradition regards Abū Ĥāmid al-Ghazālī, (Jefferson, Henry, Mason), the US Constitution called “the proof of Islam” (ĥujjat al-islām), as the itself, and de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America. renewer (mujaddid) of the fifth-century hijrah. Finally, these classical treatments of democracy This advanced course looks deeply into al- become the lens through which the seminar will Ghazālī’s synthesized understanding and approach examine two contemporary works: March’s The to Islam in its legal, theological, cosmological, Caliphate of Man: Popular Sovereignty in Modern ethical, spiritual, political, sociological, and Islamic Thought and Hallaq’s The Impossible State: metaphysical dimensions. To this end, students Islam, Politics, and Modernity’s Modern Predicament. study al-Ghazālī’s writings, focusing on the areas of epistemology, rationality, scriptural hermeneutics, the conception and classification MA Course Descriptions of knowledge, the divine names and attributes, prophetology, the Qur’an, religious psychology, Skills Courses political and social dimensions of religion and religious practice, and heresiography. Students Arabic Grammar explore these fields, with the goal of developing a clear understanding of al-Ghazālī’s science of A strong foundation in Arabic Grammar (naĥw) the path to the afterlife (¢ilm ţarīq al-ākhirah). The is fundamental to correctly and precisely course teaches a method of close textual reading understanding all Islamic sciences, as well as the and proposes an interpretation of al-Ghazālī’s primary sources of the Qur’an and Hadith. Iżhār own method that distinguishes and holds together al-asrār fī al-naĥw, by Zayn al-Dīn Muĥammad b. doctrinal judgments and comprehension. Bīr al-Birgivī (d. 1574), is a classical intermediate Additionally, students study the reception of -level text in Arabic Grammar. The text’s highly al-Ghazālī and his works by the later Islamic organized structure distinguishes it from other tradition. grammar texts and provides students with a framework for the grammatical concepts of the Arabic language. The Iżhār comprises three Principles of Democracy sections: the grammatical agent (al-¢āmil), the What do modern people mean when they speak governed (al-ma¢mūl), and the agent (al-¢aml). of democracy? Is democracy always a government Upon completion of the text, students have of the people, by the people, for the people? a working knowledge of all the major issues What are the historical roots of democracy? (masā’il) of Arabic Grammar. They are able How do democratic institutions function in to navigate classical Arabic texts and have the the modern world? Answers to these questions skills to derive the meanings of the core texts require a detailed investigation of foundational (mutūn) and commentaries (shurūĥ) studied in assumptions about democratic rule, the variety the MA program. Additionally, the Iżhār serves of political institutions that make it work, and as a useful reference, giving students clear and the social impact that results therefrom. First, precise definitions and examples. Oral exams we survey historical critiques of democracy and confirm that students can correctly infer meaning republics in Thucydides, Plato, Aristotle, Livy, (istinbāţ) from the text, while preparation, in- Machiavelli, and Hobbes. Next, we consider the class participation, and group review ensure a nascent liberalism of Locke and the systematic thorough understanding and retention of key political taxonomy of Montesquieu, together definitions and grammatical concepts.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 32 Arabic Rhetoric: Semantics, Eloquence, prepares students for upper-intermediate and and Embellishment advanced studies in logic, as well applying the principles of logic to other sciences. Students This intermediate-level course in Arabic Rhetoric learn the main problems of the Arabic tradition is the last requirement of the skills component of formal logic as it is divided broadly into of the MA program. It plays a necessary role in the acts of the mind, conceptions (taśawwurāt), understanding and analyzing the Qur’an and propositions, and reasoning (taśdīqāt). To this its commentaries, as well as jurisprudential, end, they study signification dalālāt( ), terms theological, and literary texts. The main textbook (alfāż), definitions ĥudūd( ), propositions (qađāyā), used in this course is Talkhīs al-miftāĥ, by al- syllogisms (qiyās), fallacies (mughālaţāt), and the Khaţīb al-Qazwīnī, a book that became the five arts of logic al-śinā¢āt( al-khams). The course standard for those looking to deepen and sharpen draws on supplementary material from the greater analytical rhetorical skills. It is supplemented Arabic logic tradition as well as material from the by Jawāhir al-balāghah, by Aĥmad al-Hāshimī, Western tradition to further discussion. Through and Al-Minhāj al-wādiĥ, by Ĥāmid ¢Awnī. The three exams, students are assessed on their ability course provides students with a framework for to accurately recall and correctly deploy the the rhetorical concepts of the Arabic language. nomenclature of Arabic logic, as well as apply the Sixteen primary rhetorical concepts and a dozen rules for definitions and syllogistic reasoning. sub-concepts are investigated: Eight of these concepts relate to word order (¢ilm al-ma¢ānī), Dialectics and Disputation which is concerned with semantic syntax; three relate to figurative speech ¢ilm( al-bayān), This third core skills course of the program which discusses allegorical and non-allegorical consists of two parts. The first part of the course significations, linguistic allusion, and linguistic is dedicated to dialectics and disputation while the signaling; and two relate to embellishment second part is dedicated to the science of lexical (¢ilm al-badī¢), which focuses on how to bestow semantics and word-coinage. decorative lexical and semantic features upon This first part of the course, on dialectics speech. Through a journal, review, presentations, and disputation (ādāb al-baĥth wa al-munāżarah), and exams, students are assessed on their ability introduces students to the method of reasoning to memorize, recall, and apply key concepts when and argumentation employed by Muslim analyzing prose, poetry, and Qur’anic verses. theologians and jurists to reveal the truth. Although originating from debates in kalam theology and legal methodology (uśūl al-fiqh), Arabic Formal Logic dialectics and disputation later developed into Scholarly texts in both the rational and an independent science. Its usage now permeates transmitted sciences (¢aqliyyah and naqliyyah, textual discourses across the major scholastic respectively) are written adhering to the rules disciplines of Islam, making learning it a critical of formal logic, making knowledge of logic a undertaking for students and researchers key tool for accessing those books. This course alike. In this course, Muĥammad b. Abī Bakr introduces students to the Arabic logic tradition Sājaqlīzādah’s (d. 1737) Al-Risālah al-waladiyyah (manţiq) through a close reading of the Īsāghūjī, fī ādāb al-baĥth wa al-munāżarah will be studied by Athīr al-Dīn al-Abharī (d. 1262), along with its in depth. This text is one of the most thorough commentary by the Ottoman polymath Ismā¢īl presentations of the science of munāżarah and al-Gelenbevī (d. 1790). Al-Abharī’s Īsāghūjī is gives students the requisite knowledge of a basic primer in logic, whereas Gelenbevī’s terminology (muśţalaĥāt) and patterns of debate commentary, written five centuries later, (taqrīrāt) needed to analyze the Islamic texts read summarizes a tradition of commentary and in the MA program. Students learn the technical

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 33 terms of disputation, the various ways of class participation, and group review ensure a analyzing arguments and of objecting to premises thorough understanding and retention of course and conclusions, and the ethics of disputation. material. A cumulative translation project gives students a strong working knowledge and familiarity with Research Methods (prerequisite for MA the science of munāżarah, while preparation, in- thesis supervision course) class participation, and group review ensure a As a foundation for their graduate work, this thorough understanding and retention of course course introduces students to research tools and material. resources for the academic study of Islam. It The Science of Lexical Semantics and engages both traditional Muslim and critical/ historical approaches to primary Islamic sources. Word-Coinage To this end, it introduces students to the major This third core skills course of the program reference works in the Islamic tradition related consists of two parts. The first part of the course to the two streams of study at Zaytuna College: is dedicated to dialectics and disputation while the Islamic law, and philosophy and theology. second part is dedicated to the science of lexical Additionally, it introduces students to the key semantics and word-coinage. European reference works in those areas and to The second part of the course is on the science the problems studied in the European tradition(s) of lexical semantics and word-coinage (¢ilm of Islamic studies. The course is designed to help al-wađ¢), an Islamic science that details theories students formulate a thesis problem, generate an about the conventional relation of words to annotated bibliography related to their thesis, and their meanings. Along with grammar, logic, and write a thesis proposal. rhetoric, it is one of the ancillary subjects that give students the tools needed to master the core Philosophy-Theology Islamic sciences. According to theories of wađ¢, language has three indispensable components: Theology 1: Foundations of Kalam vocables (alfāż; vocal combinations), meanings Theology (ma¢ānī), and a positor (wāđi¢). The springboard theory upon which the science of wađ¢ is built In the Sunni tradition, kalam theology represents is that meanings are ideas in the mind, human the highest science as it is concerned with matters beings produce vocables, and a positor decides divine and thus serves as the foundation of all which vocable corresponds to every meaning. religious sciences. This course covers the central Thus, all of language consists of a fixed mental problems of kalam theology as summarized in relationship between two sets of independent Al-Iqtiśād fī al-i¢tiqād (Moderation in belief ), by entities: vocables and meanings. The texts studied Abū Ĥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 505 AH/1111 CE). in this course are Matn fī al-wađ ¢, by al-Akīnī, As a survey of the problems covered by kalam and Riśālat al-wađ ¢ al-¢ađudiyyah, by ¢Ađud al- works, the Iqtiśād provides a basis for readings in Dīn al-Ījī (d. 1356). The former is noted for its intermediate and advanced Islamic theology as comprehensive presentation of ¢ilm al-wađ ¢, well as comparative theology. Organized around while the latter is the first formalized text on four poles (aqţāb), this book centers on studying the subject. Additionally, Ījī is credited with the entity, attributes, and acts of God and introducing a robust theory that explains the prophetology. The latter includes beliefs known distinction between how categorematic and solely through transmission (sam¢iyyāt), imāmah, syncategorematic words relate to their meanings. and the definition of believer. The purpose of the A cumulative translation project gives students course is to study al-Ghazālī’s argumentation and a strong working knowledge and familiarity employment of dialectic in arguing the key points with the science of wađ¢, while preparation, in-

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 34 of Ash¢arī doctrine. Supplementary readings in Islamic creed. Continuing from the previous Arabic from al-Ghazālī’s other writings are given semester, the key problems students examine throughout the course, as well as studies on al- relate to beliefs known from transmission (al- Ghazālī and Ash¢arism. Students are expected to sam¢iyyāt). In particular, they look at discussions lead class discussions, as well as write a term paper related to governance (imāmah), end times (ashrāţ on a preapproved topic of their choice. al-sā¢ah) and messianic doctrines (al-mahdī), and eschatology (al-mawt wa mā ba¢dahā). In addition Theology 2: Intermediate Kalam to a paper, students lead seminar session on Theology: History, Epistemology, and selected passages from the text. Divine Attributes Theology 4: Advanced Kalam Theology: Building on the Foundations of Kalam Theology Ontological Principles and Divine course, this course covers the first half ofSharĥ Attributes al-¢aqā’id al-Nasafiyyah, Sa¢d al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī’s (d. 792 AH/1390 CE) commentary on Najm al- The objective of this course is to take a deeper Dīn al-Nasafī’s (d. 1142) matn on Islamic creed. and critical look at the conclusions and methods The Sharĥ al-¢aqā’id is arguably one of the most of the theologians and to compare them with significant textbooks for Sunni kalam, receiving those of the philosophers. This course studies numerous commentaries from throughout the Nashr al-tawali¢, the commentary by Muhammad Muslim world. Nasafī’s matn is a Māturīdī text b. Abu Bakr al-Mar¢ashi (also known as and Taftāzānī’s commentary follows the Māturīdī Sajiqlizadah) on ¢Abd Allah al-Bayđawi’s Tawali¢ school, while occasionally favoring the Ash¢arī al-anwar min maţli¢ al-anżr. The text and school and often providing his own verifications. commentary are well positioned to enable the As one of the most important textbooks in the students to navigate some of the pinnacle texts postclassical Islamic world, in the Ottoman and of Islamic theology, such as Sharĥ al-mawāqif of Mughal empires in particular, it has garnered al-Ījī and Sharĥ al-maqāśid of al-Taftāzānī. After substantial attention through numerous super- examining the author’s introduction concerned commentaries (ĥawāshī). Where relevant, students with epistemology and logical reasoning, the read from Al-Nibrās: Sharĥ sharĥ al-¢aqā’id, by methodology adopted by the mutakallimūn Muĥammad ¢Abd al-¢Azīz al-Farhārī (d. 1823), (theologians) will be used to systematically as well as the super-commentaries of Khayālī, investigate what is known as al-umūr al-¢āmmah, Ramađān Efendi, and al-Qisţilī. After situating or general ontology, such as classification of al-Taftāzānī’s text in the Islamic theological things known, existence and nonexistence, tradition, the key problems students examine quiddity, necessity and possibility, eternity are discussions of the historical development of and temporality, singularity/multiplicity, and kalam, epistemology, arguments for the existence causality. Following that, relevant topics from of God, and God’s attributes. Students write a the sections on accidents, substances, theology, research paper as well as lead a seminar session. and prophetology will be explored. Through a journal, review, presentations, and essays, Theology 3: Intermediate Kalam students will be assessed on their ability and Theology: Divine Attributes, skills to interpret, analyze, debate, and critique Prophetology, and Transmitted Beliefs theological positions and methods. This course covers the second half of Sharĥ al- ¢aqā’id al-Nasafiyyah, Sa¢d al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī’s (d. 792 AH/1390 CE) commentary on Najm al-Dīn al-Nasafī’s (d. 537 AH/1142 CE) matn on

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 35 Philosophy I: Avicennian Physics and Manżūmah, by Mullā Hādī al-Sabzawārī (d. Metaphysics 1878). Bidāyat al-ĥikmah has since been recognized for several noteworthy qualities that aid in the The study of Islamic philosophy (falsafah) is an mastery and retention of the major discussions integral component of properly engaging with in Islamic metaphysics. One of these is that the mid-to-high-level texts in kalam because of the chapters (marāĥil) adhere to the rules of logic amalgamation of philosophical concepts with (manţiq), such that each forthcoming issue relies Islamic theology. Ĥidāyat al-ĥikmah (Guide to and builds upon the comprehension of the last. philosophy), by Athīr al-Dīn al-Abharī (d. 1265), Each chapter is further divided into strategic is one of the most prominent philosophy texts sections (fuśūl), which facilitates students’ of the Islamic scholastic tradition, owing to its learning. Furthermore, the text relies exclusively brevity and accuracy. Imam al-Abharī was a on demonstration (burhān) to prove the truth direct student of Imam Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī of each opinion, supporting it only with the (d. 1210) and a master of the rational sciences strongest, most reliable proofs. Finally, unlike in his own right. He composed this text to aid other texts, Bidāyat al-ĥikmah gives students philosophy students in comprehending the ideas exposure to the positions held by various of Avicenna, who was a major figure in the Peripatetic and transcendentalist philosophers, development and growth of Arabic philosophy, thus enriching their understanding of Islamic but left behind lengthy, difficult works. Thus, metaphysics as a whole. before beginning Bidāyat al-ĥikmah in Philosophy Over the course of three semesters, students II–IV, students learn the technical vocabulary cover all twelve chapters on the major topics of and major doctrines of the Peripatetic school, as Islamic metaphysics. In this course (Philosophy represented by Avicenna, by studying Ĥidāyat II), they complete chapters 1 through 5 on issues al-ĥikmah. The text is broadly divided into three related to existence (wujūd), quiddity (māhiyyah), sciences: logic (manţiq), physics (al-ţabī¢iyyāt), and and the three modes (al-mawādd al-thalāth). metaphysics (al-ilāhiyyāt). While logic is studied Term papers provide students an opportunity to independently in the first semester of the MA delve deeply into topics covered in class, while program, this course focuses on the subjects of preparation, in-class participation, and group physics and metaphysics. The sections on physics review ensure a thorough understanding and cover abstract physical ideas, mechanics, and retention of course material. organic matters. Metaphysics covers issues related to existence (e.g., universals and particulars, Philosophy III: The Categories of substances and accidents, and potentiality Existence and Causality and actuality) and concludes with a detailed exposition of Peripatetic theology. Term papers See description of Philosophy II. provide students an opportunity to delve deeply into topics covered in class, while preparation, Over the course of three semesters, students cover in-class participation, and group review ensure a all twelve chapters on the major topics of Islamic thorough understanding and retention of course metaphysics. In this course (Philosophy III), they material. complete chapters 6 through 9 on the categories (ma¢qūlāt), cause and effect(¢illah wa ma¢lūl), existence as one and many (wāĥid wa kathīr), and Philosophy II: The General Principles of priority and posteriority (sabq wa luĥūq/qidam Existence wa hudūth). Term papers provide students an Sayyid Muĥammad Ĥusayn Ţabāţabā’ī (d. 1981) opportunity to delve deeply into topics covered in wrote Bidāyat al-ĥikmah in 1970, intending class, while preparation, in-class participation, and to provide students with a comprehensive, group review ensure a thorough understanding succinct text as an alternative to the much longer and retention of course material.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 36 Philosophy IV: The Nature of Knowledge Positive Law 2: Partnership, Charitable and Divinity Transaction, and Insurance See description of Philosophy II. Continuing their study of the Islamic laws of business transactions according to the Hanafi Over the course of three semesters, students cover school of law, students explore all the positive all twelve chapters on the major topics of Islamic laws of business transactions, again based on the metaphysics. In this course (Philosophy IV), they text Al-Lubāb fī sharĥ al-kitāb, by ¢Abd al-Ghanī complete chapters 10 through 12 on actuality and al-Ghunaymī al-Maydānī (d. 1298 AH/1880 CE). potentiality (fi¢l wa quwwah), knowledge, knower Students learn the definition, the conditions, and the known (¢ilm, ¢ālim, wa ma¢lūm), and the and the pillars for each of the following types of Necessary Being (al-wājib al-wujūd). Term papers transactions: commissioning (wikālah), contract of provide students an opportunity to delve deeply guarantee (kafālah), resolutions (śulĥ), gift giving into topics covered in class, while preparation, (hibah), endowment (waqf), extortion (ghaśb), in-class participation, and group review ensure a thorough understanding and retention of course deposit for safekeeping (al-wadī¢ah), lending items material. for use (al-¢āriyah), abandoned items (luqaţah), missing persons (mafqūd), reviving dead land Islamic Law (iĥyā’ al-mawāt), the slave who is authorized to do business (al-ma’dhūn), and sharecropping and Positive Law 1: Trade, Exchange, and watering for a share of the crop (al-muzāra¢ah wa Collateral al-musāqāh). This is the first part of a two-semester course As in the first course, the content includes focusing on Islamic laws of business transactions examples and applications of each type. Students according to the Hanafi school of law. It covers examine each type of transaction as well as the positive law of business transactions, based compare and contrast them. They learn contract on the text Al-Lubāb fī sharĥ al-kitāb (The requirements as well as the reasons certain topics quintessence: An exegesis of the Book), by ¢Abd are ordered in a specific way in the book. al-Ghanī al-Ghunaymī al-Maydānī (d. 1298 AH/1880 CE). Students learn the definition, the Legal Theory 1: Linguistic and Textual conditions, and the integrals for twenty-six types Implications of transactions. This two-semester course is an introduction The types of transactions covered are sales to the science of Islamic legal theory (uśūl al- (buyū¢), contract revocation (iqālah), cost-plus fiqh), according to the school of the jurists sale (murābaĥah), usury/interest (ribā), pre-paid (i.e., the Hanafi school). Students focus on the forward sale (al-salam), money exchange (al-śarf), foundational sources of law as well as the key collateral (rahn), freezing someone’s business principles by which legal reasoning may be transactions (al-ĥajr), confessions (al-iqrār), conducted, based on the text Ifāđat al-anwār ¢alā renting/hiring contracts (ijārah), preemption uśūl al-manār, by Muĥammad ¢Alā’ al-Dīn al- (shuf¢ah), partnership (sharikah), and trust Ĥaśkafī. financing contract muđārabah( ). Students examine Legal Theory 1 focuses on the fundamental each type of transaction and distinguish between definitions and categories that constitute the them through examples and applications. They science of legal theory, and on the linguistic and learn contract requirements as well as the reasons logical interpretive method, as applied to the certain topics are ordered a specific way in the Qur’an as a primary source of law. The course book. covers topics such as general and specific terms and propositions (al-¢āmm wa al-khāśś), absolute

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 37 and restricted propositions (al-muţlaq wa al- with Al-Sharĥ al-jadīd, a commentary by ¢Abd muqayyad), homonyms (al-mushtarak), interpreted al-Karīm al-Dabbān, where the approaches texts (al-mu¢awwal), explicit and implicit terms of both the theologians and the jurists are (al-śarīĥ wa al-kināyah), literal and figurative comprehensively covered. Additionally, Al- expression (al-ĥaqīqah wa al-majāz), commands Ghayth al-hāmi¢, by Walī al-Dīn al-¢Irāqī, along and prohibitions (al-amr wa al-nahy), meanings with various marginal-glosses are used as study of prepositions (ma¢ānī al-ĥurūf), prompt aids. The exploration of the text extends over performance and belated performance (al-adā’ wa two semesters. In the first semester, the focus is al-qađā’), and textual implications (muta¢allaqāt al- on the postulates along with two of the primary nūśūś). sources of the law: the Qur’an (al-kitāb) and the prophetic utterances and acts (al-sunnah). Special Legal Theory 2: Scholarly Consensus and attention is given to declaratory and stipulative Legal Reasoning rulings, and to relevant topics, such as rules of interpretation (dalālāt), explicit and implicit This second class on the principles of Islamic legal textual significations manţūq( and mafhūm), theory according to the Hanafi school focuses on commands and prohibitions (amr and nahy), the foundational sources of law as well as the key general and specific¢āmm and khāśś), absolute and principles by which legal reasoning is conducted. restricted (muţlaq and muqayyad), and abrogation The course is centered on the Arabic text Uśūl (naskh). Through a journal, review, presentations, al-Shāshī (Al-Shāshī’s principles of Islamic and essays, students are assessed on their ability jurisprudence), by Niżām al-Dīn al-Shāshī. and skills to analyze classical jurisprudential Legal Theory 2 focuses on the fundamental positions and methodologies. definitions and categories that constitute the science of legal theory, and on the linguistic Legal Theory 4: Consensus and and logical interpretive method, as applied Analogical Reasoning to Prophetic traditions. It covers the role of scholarly consensus (ijmā¢) and legal analogical This is the second course in advanced studies reasoning (qiyās) in the derivation of legal rulings. in Islamic legal theory. The aim is to continue It examines secondary sources, including the the journey of deepening skills and ability use of inductive reasoning (istiqrā’) and the to read, interpret, and contextualize classical considerations of juristic equity (istiĥsān), custom jurisprudential works. Toward this end, we will (¢urf), and the presumption of continuity (istiśĥāb). continue to study Jam¢ al-jawāmi¢ by Tāj al-Dīn The course also covers types of rulings, such al-Subkī, with the main commentary Al-Sharĥ as injunctive rulings (al-ĥukm al-tashrī¢ī) and al-jadīd by al-Dabbān, along with Al-Ghayth stipulative rulings (al-ĥukm al-wađ¢ī). al-hāmi¢ by al-¢Irāqī as a supplementary commentary. In the second semester, we will focus on the third and fourth agreed-upon sources Legal Theory 3: Fundamental Principles of law, namely, consensus (ijmā¢) and analogical of Textual Interpretation reasoning (qiyās), covered in sections four and five The study of legal theory (uśūl al-fiqh) is of the book. Attention will be given to subsidiary considered essential for a jurist’s training. This topics such as khilāf, qawl al-śaĥābī, ¢illah, istiĥsān, maślaĥah, and maqāśid. At the end, a brief course is the first in advanced studies in Islamic overview of other indicators of the law (istidlāl), legal theory, aiming to deepen skills and abilities weighing of conflicting legal indicators ta¢āruđ( to read, interpret, and contextualize classical and tarjīĥ), and independent legal judgment jurisprudential works. The main text of study (ijtihād) will be investigated. Through a journal, is Jam¢ al-jawāmi¢, by Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī, along reviews, presentations, and essays, students will be

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 38 assessed on their ability and skills to analyze and considered requisite for a jurist to attain the contextualize classical jurisprudential positions rank of ijtihād. The aims of the shariah serve and methodologies. many roles in the derivation and application of God’s rulings (aĥkām). We will study this Legal Maxims subject’s problems by reading seminal texts in the field leading us to writings of contemporary This course is an in-depth exploration of the legal theorists on the maqāśid. This course will science of legal maxims within Islamic legal take as its starting point the early and late loci sciences. It covers the role of legal maxims and classici of legal and theological scholarship on the how this science is both distinguished from and maqāśid. To that end, the treatment of the maqāśid related to other legal sciences. The course begins and its related problems and concepts will be with the definition of this science, its importance studied mainly using the well-acclaimed work and principles, and its historical development. Al-Muwāfaqāt of al-Shāţibī (d. 790/1388). Two The main focus of this course is the five leading additional texts will be drawn on as aids to maxims: matters are determined according to our studies: a summary of Al-Muwāfaqāt, Al- intentions (al-umūr bi maqāśidihā), certainty is not Murafiq ¢alā al-muwāfiq by Muśţafā b. Muĥammad overruled by doubt (al-yaqīn la yazūl bi al-shakk), Māmayn and Mashāhid min al-maqāśid by hardship brings facilitation (al-mashaqqah tajlib al- Abdullah Bin Bayyah (b. 1935). Throughout taysīr), harm must be eliminated (al-đarar yuzāl), the course, we will resort to the writings of al- and custom is a basis for judgment (al-¢ādah Juwaynī (d. 478/1085) and al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111) muĥakkamah). Each major maxim is examined on various topics. These close readings will according to the establishment of its validity as a provide students with the fundamental concepts principle in Islamic law, its various articulations and topics in this area of law, focusing on the within the legal schools, its application in both nebulous topic of the unstated good (al-maślaĥah classical and modern Islamic jurisprudence, and al-mursalah). This will prepare us to study the exceptional cases relating to the maxim. The contemporary jurists’ discourse on the maqāśid, course also investigates the relationship between allowing us to engage in contemporary issues the legal maxims and independent legal judgment such as the order of the higher goods of the (ijtihād). The primary text for the course is Sharĥ shariah, the relationship of the unstated good al-qawā¢id al-fiqhiyyah, by Aĥmad al-Zarqā’. with scriptural sources of law, and the application of the maqāśid to contemporary legal issues. Aims of the Law This course synthesizes the contents and skills The study of the aims of the law (maqāśid al- of the positive law and legal theory courses in sharī¢ah) constitutes the pinnacle and perfection the Islamic Law track of the program. Through of a jurist’s training, providing the jurist with a journal, review, presentations, and essays, a deep understanding of shariah-countenanced students will be assessed on their ability and skills goods and the principles of their ordering. to interpret, analyze, debate, and critique legal Consequently, mastery of the maqāśid has been positions and methods.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 39 Guidelines for Graduation Requirements

BA and MA Thesis Guidelines Thesis Advisors’ Responsibilities Guidelines for Students, Advisors, The thesis advisor is the student’s primary and Readers (BA and MA Programs) guide, from the inception of the thesis through its successful defense. The advisor serves as the authoritative voice for the student, funneling and Students’ Thesis Responsibilities filtering feedback and recommendations of the Students are responsible for the readers to the student. Additionally, and perhaps progress of their thesis and for all thesis-related most importantly, the advisor is the advocate for activities (e.g., thesis submission) that lead to the student’s thesis and the mediator between the completion of the degree. Students should the student and the readers, ensuring the thesis demonstrate a deep interest in the selected area remains true to its initial content and form. of research and a strong commitment to pursue their studies. They may use a paper, or sections Thesis advisors are responsible for: from a paper, written during their coursework as a basis for their thesis, but they must significantly 1 Being thoroughly familiar with the revise and expand upon the topic by adding College’s thesis requirements, relevant layers of critical analysis and scholarly sources. processes, forms, and policies (using the Additionally, the writing must display a latest edition of A Manual for Writers of commensurate command of the field of study. Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, by Kate L. Turabian, as a reference Students are expected to: throughout the process) 1 Spend the required number of hours on 2 Meeting with the student to discuss the research activities, coursework, and/ plan for writing the thesis, including or thesis writing within the time frame (1) the (rough) anticipated date of specified by Zaytuna College final submission; (2) the role of the 2 Exhibit independent judgment, academic thesis readers; and (3) the schedule for rigor, and intellectual honesty submission and return, with comments, of 3 Submit material in a timely manner for thesis chapters adequate assessment by their advisor or 3 Supervising the writing of the prospectus, thesis committee and working with the student on the 4 Define, with their thesis advisor, a work structure of the thesis plan consistent with the objectives of the 4 Organizing the thesis defense in thesis collaboration with the student 5 Meet with their thesis advisor at least 5 Documenting all meetings and entering once a month during their junior year and notes into Populi (documentation includes twice a month during their senior year topics discussed, updates on writing 6 Adhere to all deadlines and policies progress, feedback provided, tasks, and regarding registration, and meet progress on action items) milestones of the thesis project 6 Reading chapter drafts and providing 7 Regularly update their advisor of any timely feedback (within two weeks after issues arising during the thesis project each submission) to the student

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 40 7 Coordinating distribution of chapters to Criteria for Thesis Distinction Eligibility the thesis readers and working with them (BA and MA Programs) to provide feedback to the student For a thesis to be considered for distinction, it 8 Providing supervision in a way that leaves must meet the following requirements: the student with room for autonomy 9 Being available to the student to explain Substantive Requirements feedback and offer constructive advice for 1 The student showed extraordinary the successful completion of the thesis initiative and originality in working on 10 Guiding the student to incorporate the thesis. feedback from the thesis readers, especially 2 The content must be exceptional: when the advice is conflicting a The student has a well-defined thesis and has 11 Ensuring the thesis is ready for the readers discussed the importance of the topic. 12 Ensuring the thesis is ready for defense by b The thesis demonstrates the student’s the first Friday after spring break in the exceptional depth of knowledge on the senior year topic. 13 Ensuring the thesis conforms to Zaytuna c The student demonstrates strong research College’s formatting requirements abilities, evidenced by multiple and varied (available at the ASC or on MS Teams in sources. the ASC faculty channel) d The student engages significant interlocutors, addresses their objections, Thesis Readers’ Responsibilities and answers their major counterarguments. e The thesis demonstrates logical consistency Thesis readers are selected in consultation and rhetorical effectiveness. with the thesis advisor and the student. 3 The thesis combines and evaluates existing The readers are responsible for: material to arrive at new insights. 1 Providing timely feedback on chapters and 4 The thesis does not contain major selections of the thesis, as provided by the substantive or methodological flaws that thesis advisor are not easily amendable. 2 Ensuring the thesis is aligned with the 5 The thesis is convincingly written in initial conception of the project language representative of its academic 3 Providing feedback about the primary and context. secondary sources in the thesis 4 Identifying theoretical or methodological Formal Requirements flaws early in the writing of the thesis and 1 The thesis must be submitted by the communicating them to the thesis advisor Friday after spring break. 5 Understanding the readers’ responsibilities 2 The average score from the committee during the thesis defense (e.g., that members on the assessment rubric must be the defense is not merely a test but 97 or above. an opportunity for the student to 3 The thesis should not have received lower demonstrate oral communication skills and than a three on any item of the rubric. for dialogue with other professionals in the field) 4 All thesis committee members must agree that the thesis merits the “with distinction” assessment.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 41 BA Degree: Senior Thesis during the fall and spring semesters, so the College recommends the completion of a strong As the capstone project of Zaytuna College’s first draft before the start of the fall semester undergraduate degree, the senior thesis is meant, of the senior year, leaving the rest of the on the one hand, to provide students with the academic year for students to work with their opportunity to conduct rigorous research in an advisor and readers to develop the draft into a area of interest acquired during their studies, and finished work. Students fulfill the senior thesis on the other hand, to show that they have (1) requirement upon completing a thesis colloquium acquired the skills of the trivium; (2) understood during their senior year on a date arranged in the principles of law, theology, philosophy, and consultation with their thesis advisor. Upon history; and (3) reached the scholarly maturity the recommendation of their advisor, students expected of Zaytuna students. also have the option to conduct a formal thesis The senior thesis process begins in the fall of the defense, which is not a graduation requirement. junior year with the Research Methods Seminar, a Students receive one of three possible final semester-long workshop in the skills of writing an grades for completing the thesis requirement: academic thesis. Class sessions consist of readings, “pass with distinction,” “satisfactory pass,” or exercises, and discussions that introduce students to “unsatisfactory pass.” Students who do not a range of methodological approaches to research. finish the thesis by the spring semester deadline Readings and lectures are designed to enable but finish it at a later date are precluded from students to develop comprehensive bibliographies receiving a grade of “pass with distinction.” for research and writing. Requirements and Guidelines Early in the Research Methods Seminar, students should find a faculty advisor for the thesis The thesis may be written in English or Arabic. who will serve as the primary resource for reading The English thesis should be 35 to 40 pages and providing comments, guiding the research, (roughly 8,000 to 10,000 words in 12-point font, and overseeing the evaluation of the thesis by the double spaced), and the Arabic thesis should be 15 thesis committee. With the help of their thesis to 20 pages (4,000 to 5,000 words). A thesis may advisor, students must find two readers from the be partially composed of an original translation, faculty to evaluate the thesis and to serve on the in which case the translation is usually at least 10 thesis committee, under the leadership of the pages and includes 15 to 20 pages of commentary, advisor. The deadline for submitting the thesis analysis, and so on. proposal is the last day of the Research Methods The final thesis submission must have a Seminar. Failure to submit the proposal results in a signature page; a title page; an abstract of up grade of F (fail) for the course. to 250 words that includes the thesis statement, The advisor is required to read drafts of the method, and significance of the project; a table thesis leading up to the final draft. (One of the of contents; acknowledgments and other front main tasks of the advisor is to limit the number matter; and chapters, which usually follow of the student’s thesis drafts by commenting a standard order (introduction, background regularly on the stages of the thesis as they information, proofs and arguments in favor unfold.) Once the advisor feels a section is ready of the thesis, fair presentation and refutation for the readers, the advisor sends it to them for of opposing points of view, and conclusion). their comments. The readers then submit their Additional guidelines with more details are comments to the advisor, who passes them on to provided in the Research Methods Seminar. The the student. final evaluation of the thesis, using the thesis The defendable thesis is due the first Friday rubric, is made by the thesis committee, which after spring break of the senior year. Many then assigns a grade of “pass with distinction,” students find it difficult to write the thesis “satisfactory pass,” or “unsatisfactory pass.”

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 42 Timeline for BA Thesis Completion

Task/Deliverable Due date Month Summer of Sophomore Year Begin reading general surveys on topics of interest Summer prior to junior year Fall of Junior Year Research methods preparation and composition of a preliminary Fall semester junior year thesis proposal Select and meet with thesis advisor Fourth week of fall semester junior year September Meet with the advisor and select two readers Sixth week of fall semester junior year October Meet with thesis committee and discuss current research, share Thirteenth week of fall semester junior year November preliminary topic, collect feedback, ask questions about process; committee approves topic and signs Senior Thesis Form Preparation and composition of proposal, with Senior Thesis Last day of fall semester December Form and committee signatures Winter Break of Junior Year Continue building reading list Spring Semester of Junior Year Thesis reading list meeting, approval of final reading list Friday of the second week of spring semester February Meet with advisor and begin research Spring semester March Meet with advisor Arrange with advisor April Meet with advisor Arrange with advisor May Summer of Junior-Senior year Continue research and begin writing process Task/Deliverable Due date Month Fall Semester of Senior Year Meet with advisor, submit 10–15 pages of thesis Second week of fall semester Mid-September Second meeting with advisor Arrange with advisor September Meet with advisor Arrange with advisor October Second meeting with advisor Arrange with advisor October Meet with advisor Arrange with advisor November Second meeting with advisor Arrange with advisor November Submit full draft of thesis to advisor Last day of the semester December Spring Semester of Senior Year Meet with advisor to receive the thesis with feedback Friday of the second week of spring February semester Second meeting with advisor Arrange with advisor February Meet with advisor Arrange with advisor March Second meeting with advisor Arrange with advisor March Submit final draft of the thesis Friday following spring break March/April Meet with advisor for approval to submit to readers; Friday of the twelfth week April thesis is considered defendable Meet with advisor and schedule defense day and time Arrange with advisor April Thesis defense Reading or finals week May Senior Thesis Response Form submitted by advisor to Prior to grade submission deadline May Registrar

Master’s Degree: Thesis textual analyses of the chosen primary sources Goals of the Master’s Thesis • To write in precise and concise language • To demonstrate graduate-level academic that is stylistically elegant and free of research, providing the most important grammatical errors commentaries, historical studies, and • To construct a sustained, sound argument,

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 43 with subsidiary arguments linked together sources and journal articles, the most important in a clear chain of inferential reasoning historical commentaries; and be formatted • To choose and develop an engaging thesis according to the latest edition of A Manual for the that is relevant to an important tradition Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, by in Islamic intellectual history and is Kate L. Turabian. grounded in the scholarly literature • To convincingly defend the thesis and the Guidelines for Thesis Submission soundness of its argument before the thesis Students must submit their MA thesis via email to committee, displaying a firm grasp of the the thesis advisor by the Friday following spring scholarly sources, and giving trenchant break in the semester they are going to graduate and insightful responses to questions posed (typically the fourth semester of their studies). by the committee members When the advisor is satisfied that the thesis is Research Methods Course defendable, he or she sends the thesis to the readers and solicits their feedback, and then shares The three-unit course takes students through their feedback with the student. a broad range of research methods, tools, text traditions, general library use, and styles in thesis Guidelines for Thesis Defense composition. The course, which takes place in the The advisor schedules the thesis defense near spring semester of the first year, is mandatory for the end of the semester. The thesis committee all graduate students. members are present at the defense, and the advisor moderates the defense, beginning by Forming a Thesis Committee reading the thesis title. The student must present Students are expected to form a Thesis a fifteen- to twenty-minute summary of the Committee during the spring semester of their thesis. Each reader offers comments and asks first year of the MA program. Identifying the questions of the student, not to exceed five committee will be part of the overall thesis minutes per reader. The advisor offers concluding proposal requirement for the Research and remarks. Methods course. The thesis advisor serves as Timeline for MA Thesis the chair of the thesis committee; the advisor Completion must hold a degree higher than that of the candidate for the graduate degree in the area Time Deliverable Submit to of concentration or similar area (this does not End of second semester Thesis proposal MA and thesis administrative apply to readers on the committee). Each thesis proposal form director committee is composed of a minimum of three Before third semester GFAC approved MA members, which includes the advisor, and must thesis proposal administrative director have at least one other member of the Zaytuna End of third semester Beginning drafts Advisor College faculty who will serve as a reader. of chapters Beginning of fourth Near finished draft Advisor Guidelines for Writing the Thesis semester of thesis End of spring break of Completed Advisor The thesis must be between 20,000 to 25,000 fourth semester defendable draft End of reading week of Corrected draft Advisor words in length (not including the bibliography). fourth semester from readers The bibliography must consist of twenty-five Finals week of fourth Completed, Registrar to thirty sources of the greatest relevance to semester defended, and the thesis; be focused on a primary source or approved thesis tradition; include, in addition to secondary

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 44 If the defense is open to the public, audience which is decided by the instructors, based on members are granted five to ten minutes to the needs and, ultimately, the motivation of the pose questions. The committee then convenes student. The hours when instructors are available privately to assess the defense. and the locations of the classes can be found at the ASC at the start of each semester. Keeping Assessment prearranged, regular appointments at tajwīd and ĥifż tutorials constitutes a College attendance The final evaluation of the thesis is made requirement. Accordingly, students with by the thesis committee as a whole; using unexcused absences from the required sessions are the College rubric for evaluating English sent an initial warning letter from the Registrar’s composition, the committee assigns a grade of Office. A second warning results in attendance “pass with distinction,” “satisfactory pass,” or probation. “unsatisfactory pass.” When the committee has Students are expected to complete the tajwīd agreed on the grade, the advisor submits the requirements by the end of the sophomore year, Master’s Thesis Response Form to the Registrar’s and the ĥifż requirements by the end of the senior Office and provides feedback to the student. year, by passing qualifying exams administered To be awarded a distinction, the thesis must by the instructors. Students who do not pass first be nominated for distinction by the advisor the tajwīd exam by the end of their sophomore and seconded by a unanimous vote of the year are usually dismissed from the program. committee members. For the criteria for thesis Moreover, to facilitate work on the experiential distinction eligibility, see the BA section. learning requirements and the senior thesis— Bachelor’s Degree Requirements which must be completed by the end of the junior and senior years, respectively—students Recitation and Memorization are encouraged to complete the ĥifż requirement at the same time as the tajwīd requirement. The As a Muslim liberal arts college that aims to specific memorization requirements can be found ground students in the Islamic scholarly tradition, in the list of Graduation Requirements. Upon Zaytuna College expects all graduates to have consultation with the instructors, the exams for attained proficiency in Qur’anic recitation and both tajwīd and ĥifż can be taken before their to have memorized a portion of the Qur’an that respective deadlines and taken again if students the faculty believe is sufficient for fulfilling basic do not pass them. For example, students who religious obligations, living a balanced spiritual fail the tajwīd exam at the end of the freshman life, and leading ritual services in the community. year may take the exam again at the start of their Both memorization (ĥifż) and recitation (tajwīd), sophomore year. Additionally, students studying therefore, are integral parts of the College’s privately may arrange to take the exam during the academic program. freshman or sophomore year. The recitation and memorization requirements Although students may fulfill theĥifż are designed for students who have no prior requirements at any time prior to graduation (but training in Arabic. Students are first oriented to not later than when grades are due for graduating the rules of orthoepy in the SAI Program. Then, seniors, prior to Commencement), they are throughout the school year, instructors in each required to follow the recommended schedule of the Qur’anic sciences conduct private or small- established by the ĥifż instructor. Students who group (normally less than four students) tutorials, fall behind this schedule are advised to spend administered through the Tajwīd and Ĥifż Center time on memorization during holidays and over at the College’s ASC. Students who do not pass the summer. Students who have not fulfilled the the tajwīd and ĥifż qualifying exams are required memorization requirement cannot receive their to make weekly appointments, the length of

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 45 degree from the College until the requirement has over time unifies the student’s body, mind, and been met. soul. Liberal education is the cultivation of wisdom and virtues, and of habits that are the Experiential Learning result of deliberate, focused, and disciplined Zaytuna College aims to foster a holistic effort. The College’s sunnah sports curriculum environment of learning where inquiry, aspires to cultivate comparable virtues in an transmission, and debate take place as a way of life athletic setting, thus thoroughly integrating inside and outside the classroom. The College also the spiritual development of the body with the organizes a wide range of public events on social, spiritual development of the mind. political, and religious topics each semester, often Swimming presents an environment in which collaborating with schools and centers from students learn to overcome fears, such as fear of neighboring institutions, such as the GTU and bodily harm, fear of failure, and fear of pushing UC Berkeley. Some of these events, sponsored one’s body beyond its capacity. Therefore, by Zaytuna’s journal, Renovatio, bring Muslim completing the swimming requirement builds scholars and leaders into conversation with each courage and develops resilience in students. other, as well as with intellectuals and activists of Archery compels an inner struggle with the self different faiths and perspectives, to address and to reach one’s target, despite distractions and contend with today’s most pressing societal and preoccupations. Therefore, to be successful in moral issues. archery, students must demonstrate temperance, Students also engage in a structured learning which leads to inner stillness and sharp focus. activity outside the classroom through an Horseback riding presents the challenge of experiential learning program. Faculty advisors working with another living being that has its are available to advise students as they advance own will and intelligence. Therefore, horseback through the program, to discuss and help riding teaches students how to regulate overcome challenges, and to guide and counsel relationships with others, to be fair and just in their career aspirations. Faculty and students their interactions, and to respect all of God’s work closely to facilitate an integrated learning creatures. environment where every conversation becomes a To achieve these goals, the College initiated class, and every class an adventure. its Sunnah Sports Program. The program is an integral part of the curriculum, and all students Sunnah Sports must meet the requirements for a degree to be issued. Students are offered the opportunity The tradition of sunnah sports is based on the to test out of participating if they can pass the saying of the Prophet s, who is reported to minimum requirements within the first two have said, “Teach your children swimming and weeks of the semester. Participation in each sport archery,” and on ¢Umar b. al-Khaţţāb’s statement is for both semesters of each school year. “Teach your children swimming, archery, and horse riding.” To revive the tradition, Zaytuna Swimming College includes swimming, archery, and Every freshman—unless medically excused— horseback riding in its curriculum. Student must achieve a level of proficiency in swimming. cohorts take swimming, archery, and horseback Swimming classes are an hour long and are held riding in their freshman, sophomore, and junior once a week for each gender. years, respectively. The principles of a liberal arts education create Goals a foundation that emphasizes interdisciplinary study. To be liberally educated is to be personally All students must learn to swim continuously transformed by an integrated curriculum that for three hundred yards, using a combination of

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 46 freestyle (with side breathing and a strong kick) patterns), and pace (lengthening, collecting, and and one other competitive stroke (butterfly, working at the trot). breaststroke, or backstroke), with correct coordination and satisfactory power. Students Community Service and Civic must also be able to tread water continuously for Engagement two minutes. Experiential learning through community service Archery and civic engagement is integral to the Zaytuna College undergraduate program. Students gain Every sophomore—unless medically excused— real-world experience by engaging with the must achieve a level of proficiency in archery. broader community through service or civic Archery classes are sixty or ninety minutes long projects. The projects may be in the community and are held at the upper campus once a week. during the academic year or through extended Students receive instruction from the Director field trips in the winter, spring, or summer of Student Life, who is Level II certified with the breaks. Students are expected to connect these USA Archery organization. experiences to what they learn inside the classroom and to their efforts toward spiritual and Goals moral growth. Archery students must successfully demonstrate a Every Zaytuna student must perform at working knowledge of range safety, knowledge least fifty hours of community service or civic of all parts of a recurve and compound bow and engagement, which is approved and evaluated by of an arrow, how to string and de-string a recurve a member of the faculty, in order to graduate. bow, how to score an end using a 40 cm face Active reflection, prompted by short writing target, and shoot a minimum score of 24 on a 40 assignments and guided discussions, encourages cm target from a distance of 18 meters. students to think systematically and creatively about the complex issues related to their chosen community projects. Through their reflections, Horseback Riding students begin to understand the wider Every member of the junior cohort—unless community, acquire empathy for others, seek medically excused—must achieve a level of solutions to societal problems, and examine their proficiency in horseback riding. Horseback riding own perspectives in relation to those of others. classes are one hour long and are held at Kismet Through written and oral assignments, students Farms in Martinez, CA, twice a week. The learn to communicate the valuable lessons learned College has exclusive access to facilities during through their experiences, how these lessons class time, and male and female students receive relate to their coursework, and how service is instruction in a group setting. essential to building healthier communities. A final reflection paper captures the sum of the Goals experience and is read by a faculty committee. Students learn how to properly handle, move around, and lead a horse; groom the horse Completion Timeline with proper tools; and care for the equipment. Students must also learn blanket and stall safety, Students are encouraged to complete this fifty- how to mount and dismount, and how to use hour requirement by the end of their junior year. the bridle and saddle (supervised with minimal Students who need to extend the deadline for the assistance), as well as learn positioning (hands, experiential learning reflection paper into their seat, legs, eyes, and balance), control (steering senior year must have prior permission from the through obstacles, halting, backing, and basic coordinator of Experiential Learning.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 47 Although all fifty hours of experiential learning To complete the requirement in a fall semester, may be completed in one semester, it is wise for the final draft of the reflection paper must be students to pace themselves by completing some formally submitted by December 1, and in a hours each semester, starting in the freshman year, spring semester, by May 1. If the deadline falls so the graduation requirements do not become on a weekend, the paper is due on the following unmanageable toward the end of the program. Monday.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 48 Student Life

At Zaytuna College, our students find should be made through the administrative an abundance of opportunities for personal, assistant to the Director of Student Life. intellectual, and spiritual growth. Students enter Zaytuna College, in partnership with the the College as part of a cohort, a community Khalil Center, a community psychological of learners that travel together through the and spiritual wellness center, offers a range of curriculum, and they are encouraged to study services for the students and staff through its together, teach each other, and reinforce what office on campus. The Khalil Center’s approach they’ve learned by reviewing with their peers. emphasizes psychological reconstruction, They also find connections beyond their classes; behavioral reformation, and spiritual elevation. upperclassmen who have traveled the same path The Center uses faith-based approaches rooted assist those who come after because they’ve read in Islamic theological concepts, while integrating the same books and navigated the same academic the science of psychology toward addressing plan. Companionship is based not only on shared social, psychological, communal, and spiritual backgrounds and hobbies but also on the shared health. The services offered to Zaytuna students journey of seeking sacred knowledge. and staff include individual counseling, drop-in The primary purposes of the Office of consultations, and occasional support groups/ Student Life are to create and maintain a healthy, group therapy. The Khalil Center also offers supportive environment for students; to serve consultations to faculty and staff on student as a resource for their development; and to mental health issues and concerns, and occasional offer opportunities for them to learn and grow training for College faculty and staff. outside the classroom through extracurricular activities, programs, and services. The office Safety and Well-Being Support also oversees Orientation, the Student Affairs Committee (SAC), athletics, and student clubs Students who need medical care and those and their activities; assists in furthering cohort who do not have a medical care provider in the cohesion and developing leadership; supervises Berkeley area may contact the Office of Student the residential spaces, the Residential Life Life, which can suggest medical facilities. In life- Coordinator, and the residential assistants; threatening medical emergencies or if students’ provides pastoral counseling; and works closely safety or security is threatened or in case of any with faculty advisors to assist students’ success. doubt about safety or security, students should The office also provides guidance for students immediately call 911, as well as the Head of with health issues and helps them find medical Campus Safety and Security, J. J. Botha, at 510- care providers and facilities. Students can reach 631-6331. the Director of Student Life at 510-295-4464 or on his cell phone. Student Affairs Committee Counseling Support Services The Student Affairs Committee (SAC) is a function of the Office of Student Life. The To facilitate students’ development, success, purpose of the committee is to promote the and holistic wellness, the College offers various quality of the Zaytuna College educational types of counseling services through the Office experience, as related to co-curricular programs of Student Life. Students can seek assistance and student support services that are overseen by for issues related to their emotional, spiritual, the Office of Student Life. It provides input into academic, and personal well-being. Appointments the formulation and recommendation of major

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 49 policies and program initiatives that affect student should be reported to the administrative assistant life and that contribute to students’ satisfaction to the Provost. and success. The committee is chaired by the All students are expected to be familiar with Director of Student Life. The committee is made essential reference works in the liberal arts and up of the College Provost, three staff members, Islamic studies and to be able to conduct research and one faculty member, in addition to the independently by drawing on databases and chairperson of the committee. In addition to the peer-reviewed journals. For these purposes, the Director and Provost serving by virtue of their College encourages students to obtain a library positions (ex officio), the selection of committee card at UC Berkeley at the beginning of their members is determined by the chairperson and freshman year and to keep the card current during reviewed periodically. Faculty membership shall their time at the College. The College reimburses be reflected in their contract with the College, as students for the cost of the library card. Students approved and overseen by the Provost. have access to UC Berkeley’s main (Gardner) stacks, its undergraduate (Moffitt) library, and its The Student Shūrā Council reference (Doe) facility. In addition, students have The Zaytuna College Shūrā Council is the access to the library at the GTU, which has open College’s student representation body that stacks (without borrowing privileges). If they works with College administration to facilitate wish, students may obtain a GTU library card, communication between the student body and which is also reimbursed by the College. administration. The Council is made up of student Another library resource is the Berkeley Public representatives from each of the four cohorts who Library system (with full borrowing privileges hold the title of Nā’ib/Nā’ibah (pl. Nuwwāb). and remote access to online resources). That The primary function of the Nā’ib(ah) is to act library offers online access to the Gale Virtual as the link between a cohort and administration. Reference Library, Encyclopedia Britannica, and This entails bringing class concerns to appropriate other essential references. It also has connections administrative leaders, as needed; communicating to local academic libraries in the California State administrative concerns to the cohort; and University system and makes inter-library loan otherwise providing communication between privileges available to Zaytuna students. administration and the cohort. Academic Support Center (ASC) Academic and Campus Resources The ASC includes the Writing Center, the Tajwīd (recitation/orthoepy) and Ĥifż (memorization) Zaytuna College’s Reference Library Center, and the Arabic Center. The ASC Zaytuna College has a non-circulating reference also administers grammar, vocabulary, and library, located on the upper campus, that composition diagnostic exams to incoming includes a collection of classical Arabic-language freshmen. Those students who do not pass the reference works in various genres of the Islamic diagnostic exams with an 80 percent or higher sciences to support and supplement the core score are required to take mandatory workshops in curriculum of the BA and MA programs. the Writing Center. The ASC is also notified by the Students can use the library computers to access Registrar of any students who are at risk for failing a host of other library resources in the Berkeley a course and coordinates with the instructor to find area. The library is a quiet space for study; no a suitable tutor to assist each student. food or drink is allowed. Students may use library The Writing Center offers workshops and books in the area immediately outside the library tutorials on grammar, punctuation, the writing but must return them to the library before leaving process, and vocabulary development, as well as the area. Allegations of violations of this policy on study skills, note taking, research, and time

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 50 management. Incoming freshmen without prior have shown that note taking by hand introduces a college experience are required to attend these “desirable difficulty” into the learning process and workshops. In addition to the workshops, the induces habits of active thinking and analysis even Writing Center has tutors available weekly during during lectures. prescheduled times, as well as by appointment, to Students may print or make copies at the assist students with writing papers. These services ASC (upper campus) at ten cents per page for include one-on-one support for composition and black-and-white copies and fifteen cents per grammar tailored to students’ needs. page for color copies. Payment is made on an The Tajwīd and Ĥifż Center’s instructors honor system, and students are encouraged to conduct private or small-group tutorials be conscientious in using the resources of the (normally not exceeding four students at a time) College. in these Qur’anic sciences to ensure students Inquiries related to email password resets, get the individualized attention they need. and equipment and networks managed by the Students who do not pass the tajwīd and ĥifż College, may be directed to Endsight (support@ qualifying exams are required to make weekly endsight.net or 510-280-2020). Technology appointments, the length of which are decided by support is available Monday through Friday from the instructors and depend on students’ needs and 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Technology support is not the motivation. available for students’ personal equipment. The Arabic Center offers assistance with Arabic grammar and reading and has tutors available weekly during prescheduled times, as well as by Disability Accommodations appointment. In addition to tutoring for Arabic language classes, tutors can also assist students Under applicable laws, otherwise qualified with Arabic texts required for their other classes. students with disabilities are entitled to The ASC requires instructors and tutors reasonable accommodation so they have equal to provide a weekly account of the services access to College programs and facilities. A they offered and students who failed to keep disability is a physical or mental impairment appointments. This allows the ASC coordinator that substantially limits a major life activity, to track compliance of students for whom such as caring for oneself, performing manual attending workshops is mandatory and to see tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, what times are best to offer workshops and standing, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, establish tutoring hours. Students who do not learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, attend mandatory tutoring sessions or workshops communicating, and working, as defined by are reported to the Registrar, who sends out a law. Students with disabilities may submit a warning letter for academic probation. A second request for accommodation, including but not warning results in academic probation. limited to registration, housing, and classroom accommodations, by filling out the Disability Information Technology Accommodation Request Form. The Registrar contacts students who complete the online form Zaytuna College provides students with to discuss the details and process the request. Microsoft email accounts and part of the Office Zaytuna College works with each student to suite (Excel, Word, PowerPoint, Notes, and determine reasonable accommodations; the Teams), along with wireless internet access, both College’s goal is to provide accommodations on campus and in the dormitories. Computers that are effective, even though they may not be are discouraged in the classroom, even for note the specific accommodations requested in all taking, and instructors have the right to ban all cases. Students who have questions should email electronic devices from classroom spaces. Studies [email protected].

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 51 Receiving services or accommodations at the Responsibilities of the College: high school level, at another college or university, • Ensure that programs, services, and or from a testing agency does not necessarily activities, when viewed in their entirety, mean the College will conclude a student is are accessible disabled and/or agree to provide the same services or accommodations received at other educational • Explore and provide appropriate institutions or agencies. reasonable accommodations • Ensure that all information is maintained Rights of students with disabilities: and used in accordance with applicable confidentiality requirements • Equal access to courses, programs, services, and activities • Reasonable accommodations Expectations of Students • Right to file a grievance Zaytuna College is founded on the idea that education should aim to develop a person of Responsibilities of students with disabilities: high moral character, imbued with a sense of the • Meet qualifications and provide profundity of the purpose of human existence, documentation and in possession of both a strong intellect and the virtues of the heart. The College’s curriculum • Self-identify that the student has a strives toward a holistic understanding of human disability life, informed by the sacred scripture of Islam and • Follow established institutional procedures the words and deeds of Prophet Muĥammad s. (see steps for requesting accommodations) The College’s policies are likewise designed to • Request accommodations in a timely support the development of the whole person. manner each semester by meeting with the Academic and student policies at the College Disability Coordinator (Registrar) are designed to support students’ success and • Notify the Disability Coordinator if there are crafted and finalized through the Academic are difficulties securing accommodations Standards Committee, SAC, Faculty Affairs or with the quality of the accommodations Committee, and Graduate Faculty Affairs • Participate fully in the interactive Committee. Any member of the faculty, staff, or accommodation process student body is welcome to offer suggestions or submit, in writing to the appropriate committee, Rights of the College: any policy proposals related to the program.

• Identify and establish policies and procedures to work with students College Honor Code requesting accommodations and receive Zaytuna College seeks to foster a community of current documentation learning and to provide an atmosphere consistent • Determine reasonable accommodations with the ideals and principles of Islam. As such, • Deny a request for accommodations or the College has formulated the Honor Code, a change an accommodation in specific statement of six core principles related to personal situations when an accommodation would conduct. The College has also established policies change the fundamental nature of the that clarify and further the principles embodied in program and/or pose an undue burden the Honor Code that regulate behavior both on and off campus.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 52 All students, including students who are not admission to the College, students agree to be Muslim, must abide by the Honor Code and all fully dedicated to each and every course, to meet College policies. all course requirements in the best way, and to Serious or repeated violations of the Honor fulfill the trust inherent in being a student of Code, College policies, or both will result knowledge. in sanctions that may include suspension or “O no! In the case of he who keeps his promise expulsion from the College. and is conscientious, surely God loves the conscientious.” (Qur’an, 3:76) Principle 1: Personal Accountability “Three traits single out a hypocrite, even if he prays or fasts and claims to be Muslim: If he The first principle of the Honor Code is to hold speaks, he lies. If he makes a promise, he does oneself personally accountable for one’s actions, not keep it. If he is trusted, he betrays the trust.” remembering that God will hold each person (Hadith) accountable. “So, by your Lord, We will question them all Principle 4: Cleanliness about what they have been doing.” (Qur’an, 15:92–93) The fourth principle requires one to be clean, to maintain tidy living quarters, and to do one’s part in keeping other College facilities clean. Good Principle 2: Timeliness personal hygiene, as well as neat and modest clothing, is part of the adab of Zaytuna students. The second principle requires students to value The outer cleanliness of one’s person and one’s time—their own and that of others—and to be living and studying environment should mirror, punctual for classes, appointments, and meetings; God willing, the inner cleanliness and purity of to submit assignments on time; and to generally one’s heart and intentions. treat time as a precious commodity that should “God loves those who purify themselves.” not be squandered. Thoughtful use of one’s time, (Qur’an, 9:108) effective use of time management strategies, and respect for other people’s time are integral to this Principle 5: Modesty and Propriety in principle. Dress and Behavior “And fulfill promises, for the promise will be The fifth principle requires propriety and questioned.” (Qur’an, 17:34) modesty, which includes being humble in “The Prophet s once had an appointment with speech and deed, respecting others, maintaining one of his companions. The companion came appropriate boundaries, refraining from obtrusive three days later. The Prophet s gently told behaviors, and dressing and behaving modestly him, ‘You have inconvenienced me, as I have and appropriately. It is essential that students been waiting for you for three days.’” (Hadith) work to maintain good opinions of others and to avoid unnecessary negative speech, as well as rude behaviors, such as interrupting others who are Principle 3: Maintaining Integrity, speaking. Respect, and Trust “Whoever believes in God and the Last Day The third principle requires being honest, should say something good or remain silent.” respecting the rights of others, keeping (Hadith) commitments, fulfilling promises, and “It is bad manners to overwhelm someone while maintaining trust. By virtue of accepting speaking and to interrupt them before they end

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 53 their talk.” (Al-Haytham b. ¢Adī, scholar and necessary. Hearings may also be conducted in historian) absentia. In some cases, students in violation of College Principle 6: Sobriety and Restraint policy may be placed on an involuntary leave The sixth principle requires sobriety and restraint. of absence, with conditions for return. If the This means that alcohol, drugs, gambling, and conditions are not met, the student may be inappropriate relationships and behaviors are expelled permanently. Due to Zaytuna’s cohort categorically forbidden. Restraint from aggressive system, suspensions are either for one, two, or speech and behavior, including dangerous or three academic years. reckless behavior, is essential for the Zaytuna Verified violations of the Honor Code or of student. other college policies concerning the following matters generally result in a suspension or “They ask you about wine and betting. Say: expulsion from the College: ‘There is great sin in them, and also advantages for people; but their sin is greater than their • Violent or aggressive acts, threats of advantage.’” (Qur’an, 2:219) violence, harm or threats of harm to self or others, with or without a weapon Students should seek help from faculty and staff • Nonpayment of tuition, housing, or fees, if they are dealing with personal, academic, or without a written agreement with the spiritual difficulties that may lead them to engage College in proscribed behaviors. The Director of Student Life, as well as the Khalil Center, are available • Proscribed behaviors, including dating, to assist students who need help with their sexual misconduct, and other behaviors problems. that violate Islamic legal norms • Academic dishonesty, including but not Violations of the Honor Code limited to plagiarism and cheating Students are expected to study and take seriously • Harassment of any type, including but not the Honor Code and all published College limited to sexual harassment, stalking, policies. These policies are made available to all repeated unwanted attempts to contact students and are discussed in a designated session a person, verbal or emotional abuse, and at the beginning of each academic year, during threats Orientation at the start of the fall semester. • Possession, use, or sales of illegal drugs, Students who are unclear about any policy including marijuana; abuse of prescription or any aspect of the Honor Code should seek drugs clarification from the Director of Student Life. • Possession or consumption of alcohol Ignorance of these policies is not a defense or an • Violating a contract or written agreement excuse for violations. with the College The Office of Student Life first investigates alleged violations of the Honor Code and student • Illegal acts life policies. If evidence of a policy violation is • Repeated major violations of College found, the JRC, which includes faculty and staff, policies or the Honor Code is convened by the Director of Student Life to conduct a hearing and make a recommendation to the JRC chair, who makes the final determination Student Life Policies about the violation. The hearing may include Policies that regulate students’ behavior testimony by witnesses and by the accused are designed to provide a healthy learning student, as well as by expert authorities, if environment in which Islamic social norms are

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 54 observed and respected. These policies establish students and faculty. Even unintentional or limits of acceptable behavior and set forth inadvertent plagiarism is a type of intellectual consequences for unacceptable behavior. Policies negligence and is unacceptable at Zaytuna are subject to change during the academic College. Willful plagiarism occurs when a person year, and students must comply with the most represents another person’s work—words, ideas, recent policies distributed by the College. or data—as his or her own without attributing it Students who need guidance about the policies to the author by way of footnote or other form should contact the Director of Student Life. of attribution. Unintentional or inadvertent plagiarism occurs when a person, through Academic Integrity carelessness in research and writing, uses another person’s work—words, ideas, or data—without Zaytuna College expects all members of the proper attribution. If students are in doubt as to academic community to pursue excellence in whether they are engaging in plagiarism, they scholarship and character. The academic integrity have the responsibility to seek guidance from policy is designed to foster an environment of their instructor. Examples of plagiarism include: honesty, openness, respect, responsibility, and mutual trust. • Verbatim copying of another person’s Students should do their own coursework at all work without explicitly acknowledging times, without giving or receiving inappropriate the source aid. They must avoid behaviors that unfairly • Paraphrasing ideas from another source in a impede the academic progress of other members way that leads the reader to think they are of the Zaytuna community. And, they must take the author’s own original ideas reasonable and responsible action in order to • Taking the work of another person and uphold college-wide academic integrity. blending it with one’s own without Academic integrity is violated by any acknowledgment dishonesty or deception by a student in • Partial or incomplete attribution of words, submitting assignments, tests, research, reports, ideas, or data taken from another person or other work that serves as the basis for an or source instructor or administrator assessing the student’s academic ability or achievement. In the case of Fabrication or Falsification a clear indication of such dishonesty, sanctions Fabricating or falsifying occurs when a student will be applied to protect the environment of invents or distorts the origin or content of integrity and to preserve the ethical foundation information used in academic work. Examples of of the College. Academic dishonesty includes fabrication or falsifying include: but is not limited to plagiarism, fabrication, and cheating, as described in the following sections. • Citing sources that are simply made up and Students engaging in such activities will face that do not exist disciplinary action administered by the Provost • Knowingly attributing propositions, ideas, in conjunction with the Academic Standards words, or information to a source that is Committee. not their true source Plagiarism • Fabricating information or statistical results to support conclusions Knowingly using another person’s work without proper acknowledgment violates fundamental Cheating principles of academic integrity. Besides being Cheating occurs when students copy another a kind of theft, plagiarism is a form of academic person’s work or allow another student to dishonesty that violates the bond of trust between copy from their work or use materials that are

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 55 disallowed during an exam or assignment. It Social Comportment is a deceptive and dishonest activity aimed at misleading the instructor. Examples of cheating Students’ conduct, bearing, dress, and cleanliness include: signify their own character and express their esteem for the institution and its other members. • Copying someone else’s work during an Students’ conduct on and off campus reflects exam or in completing an assignment on the College. Prophetic teachings entail that • Allowing another student to copy from students are expected to conduct themselves one’s own work during an exam or when in conformity with the dignity of their social completing an assignment roles as students. Zaytuna College is committed • Using unauthorized materials during an to creating a learning and social environment exam or an assignment grounded in the Islamic principles embedded in • Letting another person take an exam or the Honor Code, and students are expected to finish an assignment for oneself, or doing behave in ways that are respectful of the rights the same for someone else and needs of others. Allegations of violations should be reported to the Director of Student Other Academic Misconduct Life. Besides plagiarism, fabrication, and cheating, other intentionally dishonest and deceitful acts Gender Relations considered academic misconduct include: Zaytuna College encourages gender interactions • Trying to gain an unfair academic that are purposeful and that foster wholesome advantage by bribery or any act of relationships among students so that students offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting can focus on learning and academic achievement. anything of value for such purpose Outside class hours, students should study and socialize with members of their own • Changing or altering grades or other gender. Dating, sexual activity, and romantic official educational records relationships between unmarried students are not • Unlawfully entering a College building to allowed either on or off campus. Moral character obtain an unauthorized test formation remains the foundation of the Zaytuna • Submitting the same work for more than College education. one class, without disclosing this situation Students requiring further explanation of to the instructor(s) this gender relations policy should contact the Director of Student Life. Allegations of Violations of Academic Integrity violations should be reported to the director, who Violations of academic integrity are taken investigates and determines if there is substantial seriously and carry significant consequences, evidence to be heard by the JRC. If the JRC including suspension or permanent expulsion determines that a serious policy violation has from the College. occurred, it will recommend disciplinary action, Students who observe or learn of a violation which may include suspension or permanent of academic integrity must notify the faculty expulsion from the College. member responsible for the course in which the incident occurred. The faculty member in Tutoring and Studying with the Opposite turn reports to the Provost, who determines the Gender course of action to be taken, if any, and whether the matter should be referred to the Academic If students need to engage in tutoring or group Standards Committee. study with the opposite gender, that activity must

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 56 include three or more students and can only occur leggings; sweats; t-shirts; pajamas; baseball caps; in open and approved campus spaces. Security or torn, tight, or ragged clothing in classrooms, staff, faculty, or administrative staff must be in meeting spaces, or offices, or at College events the vicinity and aware of the activity. Tutoring either on or off campus. Students may not wear sessions should only involve academically clothing emblazoned with large corporate logos. purposeful and respectful speech and behavior Allegations of violations of this policy should be that is becoming of a student of knowledge. reported to the Director of Student Life, who One-on-one tutoring between students of investigates and takes appropriate action. the opposite gender is not permitted on or off campus. Off-Campus Prohibitions Allegations of violations should be reported Muslim students are prohibited from going to to the Director of Student Life, who investigates bars, nightclubs, casinos, or other places where and determines if there is substantial evidence to actions prohibited in Islam (e.g., drinking be heard by the JRC. If the JRC determines that a alcohol, illegal drug usage) are a primary activity. serious violation has occurred, it will recommend Reported allegations of violations of this policy sanctions. will be investigated by the Director of Student Life. If the investigation yields evidence of a Dress Code possible violation, the matter will be referred The dress and grooming of both men and to the JRC, which will make recommendations women should always be modest, neat, clean, and for sanctions. Verified violations may result in consistent with the dignity inherent of a student suspension or permanent expulsion from the of knowledge. Modesty and cleanliness are values College. that reflect the personal dignity and integrity through which members of the Zaytuna College community represent the principles and standards Campus Space and Transportation of Islam. Policies pertaining to spaces on Zaytuna College Equally important is dressing in a manner that properties exist to help facilitate a comfortable is befitting to the activity one is undertaking. God and safe environment for learning. says, “Children of Adam, dress well whenever you are at worship” (Qur’an, 7:31). Based on this Use of Classrooms and Campus verse, scholars are in agreement that it is strongly Spaces recommended to dress well when engaged in any act of worship. Scholars also derive the principle Zaytuna College’s administrative office hours of dressing in accordance with the activity one is are Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m. to engaged in from this verse. 5:30 p.m. If any activities or events are planned Men and women should always maintain a for hours outside those published, whether on well-groomed appearance. Hairstyles should be weekdays or weekends, two weeks’ advance clean and neat, avoiding extreme styles or colors. notice by email must be given to the Events Shoes must be worn in all public campus areas. Manager and Manager of Facilities and Security, Clothing is inappropriate when it is sleeveless, and written permission must be granted for the revealing, or form fitting. Men may not wear events shorts on campus. Women’s dresses, skirts, and trousers must be full length and non-transparent; Designated Quiet Study Spaces no shorts or capri length pants are allowed, regardless of whether they are worn with After class hours, many designated quiet study leggings or tights. Students should not wear spaces are available to students on both the

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 57 upper and lower campuses. Students may not parking arrangements and expenses, including disturb the quiet atmosphere in these spaces by the payment of parking fines. The College is not talking, playing music or videos, or engaging in liable for the theft of a vehicle from the College other loud activities. Other classrooms and the campuses, or for any damage of any nature to the student lounge are available for study groups, vehicle whatsoever. peer tutoring, and quiet conversations. Signs are posted designating these areas for such purposes. Students’ Use of Zaytuna Vehicles Allegations of violations of this policy should be Students are not permitted to drive Zaytuna reported to the Office of Student Life. vehicles under any circumstances. Students should make necessary accommodations when Bicycles and Storage transportation is needed outside of College- Students who have bicycles are not permitted provided times. When applicable, the College will to store them in a dorm room. Limited bicycle arrange a shuttle service to assist student travel parking is provided on the campus; bicycles may between the upper and lower campuses. Prior to not be parked or stored in the common areas transportation students will receive, via email, of campus buildings or attached to handrails, communication indicating designated pick-up balconies, benches, or lampposts on the grounds. and drop-off locations and corresponding times. This is for students’ protection because many Zaytuna College does not provide transportation bikes are stolen every year, as well as for the safety to students to fulfill personal needs, including but and well-being of other residents, who might be not limited to grocery purchases and Jumu¢ah injured by a carelessly placed bike. The College prayers. Students are responsible for arranging assumes no liability for stolen bicycles. and paying for their own transportation. Allegations of violations of this policy should be reported to the Office of Student Life. Students Driving Cars of Faculty Bikes found in hallways, stairs, fire escapes, and or Staff lounges; parked on pathways; or chained to railings are subject to confiscation. Locks that Students are not permitted to drive any vehicle are cut to remove an improperly stored bicycle belonging to a staff or faculty member, on any will not be replaced by the College. (Students trip related to Zaytuna College, without prior who need a lock cut off their bike for any other authorization from the Director of Student Life. reason may contact the Manager of Facilities and To obtain authorization, the Office of Student Security). Life must be given the name of the student and whose car the student intends to drive, and that Automobiles and Parking faculty or staff member must have the required paperwork on file. All students are allowed to park their automobiles at the upper campus, provided they park in the Rights and Responsibilities of designated location; on the upper campus, the student parking area is behind the auditorium. Students The only hours students are allowed to park on Zaytuna College recognizes that all members the lower campus (i.e., on Euclid or Le Conte) of its educational community have rights and are Monday through Thursday from 5:00 p.m. to responsibilities. The College expects and values 7:00 a.m., Friday from 3:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m., and mutual respect and regard among students, on weekends. Any vehicle parked in the Zaytuna faculty, and staff, who are all expected to display parking area outside of the designated times and proper adab with each other. The Prophet s locations is subject to towing. Students who informed us that he has been sent to perfect moral choose to bring cars are responsible for their own character. The College expects all individuals,

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 58 regardless of rank or office, to conduct • To receive a course syllabus on the first themselves with the highest standards of ethical day of class that states the expected course behavior. Faculty have rights and responsibilities outcomes, the required texts, what will concerning teaching and facilitating students’ be evaluated, the types of measurement learning inside and outside the classroom, while instruments to be used, the grading students have rights and responsibilities related system, course expectations, relevant to maximizing their acquisition of knowledge, course or College policies, and office hours skills, and abilities. and contact information for the faculty According to a saying attributed to the Prophet member s, “Scholars are the heirs of the prophets.” • To have the full number of hours of the Traditionally in Muslim societies, teachers are class taught by the instructor assigned considered second in rank only to parents. As an to teach the course or by a designated institution that blends the best of what has been substitute approved by the Provost in practiced in Muslim culture within the context the event of the absence of the course of a Western liberal arts setting, Zaytuna College instructor balances the requisite of showing deference • To have all course assignments and to teachers with a respect for inquisitiveness, tests graded and returned within a creativity, and reasoned debate. Faculty have the reasonable period of time and to have authority and responsibility in areas related to the opportunity to discuss assessments course content and grading, classroom procedure and grades with the faculty member in a and expectations, and assessment of students’ timely manner work. Students are not in a position to assess instructors’ competence or their judgment— • To have grades and assessments kept that is the purview of their faculty peers as confidential and shared only on a need-to- professional faculty scholars and administrators. know basis Students should view their relationship to the • To receive notification at midterm if they faculty in light of these values and through the are failing or in danger of failing a course prism of their rights and responsibilities. Students • To use grievance procedures and to seek bear the primary responsibility for their own redress if students believe their academic learning. Accordingly, they are afforded both rights have been violated rights and responsibilities that will maximize the • To have the privacy of their records benefits they derive from the Zaytuna College maintained by College personnel in education. accordance with state and federal law and statutes (the College views a student’s Rights educational records as confidential information that cannot be released All Zaytuna College students have the following without the written consent of the rights: student) • To have a fully executed copy of their Other information (e.g., names, dates of enrollment agreement and to cancel this attendance and graduation, and details about agreement awards and honors) is considered to be directory • To have access to a current Zaytuna information that can be released without a College catalog that provides necessary student’s written permission. If a student does information about the College, including not wish to have any such information released, policies and procedures, regulations, the student may sign a form to that effect in the curriculum, and graduation requirements Registrar’s Office.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 59 Responsibilities and to respond to communication from the faculty advisor or instructors in a All Zaytuna College students have the following timely manner throughout the semester responsibilities: • To maintain dormitory space in a clean • To meet all academic and course and organized manner if living on campus requirements stated in the course syllabus • To respect the rights of their roommate(s) and College catalog Students who need guidance or have questions • To comply with all College policies and about their rights and responsibilities should with the Zaytuna College Honor Code contact their faculty advisor or the Director of • To read their Zaytuna College email Student Life. regularly, because this is the College’s primary channel of communication Student Grievances with students, and to use College email appropriately per the College policy Students who experience a problem with any member of the Zaytuna College community • To access their student information system should document the problem in writing and account (Populi) regularly to keep up with attempt to first resolve it with the person with course announcements and status changes whom the problem has occurred. Failing that, the to their financial account or academic student should contact the Director of Student record Life for advice on seeking a resolution. • To be aware of their academic standing and However, any students who believe an act of their semester and cumulative GPA of discrimination (e.g., related to race, religion, • To respond in a timely manner to written ethnicity, gender, or political beliefs), harassment, or emailed requests from College faculty or retaliation has occurred should file a grievance and staff with the Director of Student Life. • To treat faculty, staff, and other students The Grievance Committee, comprising with respect inside and outside the faculty, staff, and students, convenes to review classroom any grievances filed with the Director, render a decision, and communicate it to the President • To provide required payments, documents, or designee. Students receive notification of the and information in a timely manner, decision from the President or designee within and when applicable, within specified fifteen business days after the decision has been deadlines rendered by the committee. • To meet with their faculty advisor by the Grade disputes are addressed under the Grade end of the second week of each semester Appeals Policy.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 60 Residential Life

Zaytuna College encourages students to unless they have a valid reason for their absence, live in residential housing, a safe and supportive such as illness or other extenuating circumstance. environment conducive to helping students Students who must miss a house meeting should dedicate more time to their studies and develop seek advance permission in writing from their RA. strong bonds with fellow members of the learning community. Student residences are Important Residential Dates located on Zaytuna’s campus, and two or three • Move-in day; residences open students typically share a dorm room. Thursday, August 20, 2020, 10:00 a.m. As the Honor Code emphasizes, the College • Residences close for winter recess is committed to fostering a learning atmosphere Saturday, December 12, 2020, 3:00 p.m. in its classrooms and residential communities • Residences open after winter recess that is consistent with the Islamic tradition Saturday, January 23, 2021, 10:00 a.m. and the mission of the College. The College’s • Move-out day; residences close residential policies, distributed during move-in Monday, May 17, 2021, 3:00 p.m. and orientation, help students attain these high standards of behavior. Policies are subject to Students are required to vacate College housing change during the academic year, and students during winter and summer breaks, according must comply with the most recent policies to dates published in the College’s academic distributed. calendar. Students need not vacate for Eid or Thanksgiving breaks. Students should consult Residential Assistants: Role and with the Residential Life Coordinator if they have extenuating circumstances that make vacating Authority their residence difficult. Consideration for an Resident Assistants (RAs) live in each of the exception is given to students whose documented residential buildings. RAs are students who, as circumstances demonstrate a valid reason for paid employees, represent the College’s authority; remaining in the residence, such as an international they report directly to the Residential Life permanent address, housing insecurity, and other Coordinator. Their duties include overseeing extenuating circumstances. Housing insecurity is dorm life, assisting in planning social events, defined as homelessness, i.e., not having a home or providing practical advice for residents, and having one’s home unavailable for occupancy at upholding the Zaytuna Honor Code and other the time of the student’s petition. An extenuating residential policies. All questions related to circumstance is defined as a circumstance in which student housing should be directed first to the any student returning to a home faces the prospect RA, who will follow up with the appropriate of physical, emotional, or psychological forms of College personnel. abuse. RAs are trained to address issues related to For the winter break, students residing in the student housing and to help students develop a Alalusi dormitory are required to place all their sense of community and responsibility. All RAs belongings in storage, located on campus, so their are certified through the American Red Cross in rooms can be used for winter residential programs first aid and CPR. They also receive psychological at the College. first aid training through the Khalil Center, a Students who wish to vacate their dorms prior psychological and spiritual wellness center. to the official move-out date must obtain approval Residents of student housing are expected to from the Residential Life Coordinator at least attend house meetings, as scheduled by their RA, two weeks prior to their intended departure date.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 61 Students leaving the dorms early must complete Housing for Married Students all move-out tasks and cleaning responsibilities, as assigned by the RA. Under limited circumstances, campus housing may be available for married Zaytuna students Student Housing and their spouses. Campus housing for married students is subject to student housing fees that Female Residences apply to the Zaytuna student and rental fees that apply to the student’s spouse. The rental fees are Alalusi Dormitory, Upper Campus: based on the fair rental value of the spouse’s share 2770 Marin Ave, Berkeley of the apartment, as determined by the College. The dormitory consists of nineteen two-person Married students who live off campus or in rooms. The rooms are furnished with bunk beds campus housing may be eligible for housing aid. or twin beds, desks, and built-in bookshelves and If married students choose to live in Zaytuna’s closets. The dormitory has a small workout room, male or female residences, their spouses do not quiet study room, and common lounge with a have visiting privileges even if they are also connecting kitchen. The building is equipped Zaytuna students. Allegations of violations with internet, and a coin-operated washer and should be reported to the Residential Life dryer are located in a separate building across Coordinator, who investigates complaints and from the dormitory in Sophia Hall. The dorm is takes appropriate action. 1.9 miles from the lower campus. Male Residences Required, Recommended, and Prohibited Items Euclid Dormitory, Lower Campus: 1712 Euclid Ave, Berkeley The following lists contain recommendations The dormitory consists of a mixture of twenty- for making students’ apartments comfortable. one single, double, and triple rooms. The rooms Students should keep in mind that all items are furnished with bunk beds or twin beds, brought to student housing must be completely desks, chairs, armoires, chests of drawers, and removed by the students at the end of the bookshelves. The dormitory includes a student academic year. lounge, quiet study room, rooftop patio, and communal kitchen and dining space, as well Required as a communal prayer area. The building is equipped with internet, and laundry facilities • Twin-size sheets are conveniently located in the basement of the Recommended (not provided by the College) building. Students residing in the dormitory are responsible for the regular upkeep of all • Desk lamp communal areas. • Clothes hangers • Pillows and pillowcases Off-Campus Student Housing • Blankets, comforter, or bedspread Unmarried students may choose to live off • Laundry supplies (e.g., detergent) campus in independent housing. Students who • Towels and toiletries (e.g., soap, opt to live off campus while Zaytuna housing shampoo) is available are not eligible for financial aid for • Cooking supplies and kitchen utensils housing. The College also does not provide for personal use assistance with locating or securing off-campus housing.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 62 Prohibited (see the Fire Safety Policy) to accommodate all such requests. All Zaytuna students living in the dorms should expect to • Pets share their room with at least one roommate. • Extra furniture • Candles and incense Visitors and Guests • Heaters and heated blankets Visiting hours are from 8:00 a.m. until 8:00 p.m. • Electric cooking implements with coils Sunday through Friday, and from 8:00 a.m. until • Microwaves, toaster ovens, and hotplates 10:00 p.m. on Saturdays. When hosting guests, • Torchiere floor lamps and halogen lamps students are required to inform their roommates and their RA and obtain their permission prior to Furniture and Decorations the visit. It is highly recommended that visits be Students are not allowed to make any significant kept to a minimum due to the rigorous academic changes to a room, such as replacing or removing demands of the Zaytuna program. furnishings, without a legitimate need that is All guests, including visiting family members, approved in writing by the Residential Life must comply with the residential living policies Coordinator. Students are responsible for the and the Honor Code while on the premises of replacement costs of missing furniture and repair College housing. Students are expected to inform costs for damaged furniture. Any other damage their guests about these policies. resulting from decorations or other additions is Members of the opposite gender, including also billed to the student. parents and spouses, are not permitted to visit Decorations taped, glued, or stapled to walls student dormitories at any time, except on the or ceilings and not removed upon vacating official move-in and move-out days/times, unless will result in damage charges. Screws or other they obtain special prior written permission from fasteners may not be used on the walls. Due to the the Residential Life Coordinator. This policy is danger of fire, the use of halogen lamps/torchiere strictly enforced, and alleged violations should floor lamps of any size is not permitted. be reported to the Residential Life Coordinator. All exterior surfaces and hallways are consid- Verified violations may result in suspension or ered to be public areas, and by order of the fire expulsion from the College and from campus marshal, cannot be decorated or furnished. This housing, without any refund. includes the exterior surfaces of apartment doors For security reasons and for the comfort of all (other than the name card on the door) and the residents, students residing in College housing walls on either side of the doors. Bulletin boards should not plan to have guests, including visiting located in the hallways and common areas are the family and friends, stay overnight in their rooms. only authorized surfaces for posting notices or However, in extenuating circumstances and with other information. Allegations of violations of written permission from the Residential Life this policy should be reported to the RA. Coordinator (see procedure below), students may host overnight guests of the same gender. Roommates No guest may stay overnight longer than three consecutive nights. Requests for roommates should be submitted through the Housing Registration and Visit Request Procedure Roommate Preference Form at the end of each academic year; not all roommate preferences can The Office of Student Life operates a virtual be honored. Requests for changes in roommates lobby to maintain a safe environment for College after the initial assignment may be made in residents. Residents must sign in their daytime unusual or extenuating circumstances, but the visitor(s) electronically using the Residential Residential Life Coordinator may not be able Visitation Form.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 63 For overnight guests, two levels of approval notify their RA by text in advance and provide are required: (1) from the Residential Life information about their location and expected Coordinator and (2) from roommates. Residents return time. Students who neglect to notify must submit the Overnight Visitors Request their RA will be reported to the Residential Life form seventy-two hours in advance, and their Coordinator. roommates must submit the Overnight Visitor Students should always walk in groups of Consent form. RAs facilitate communication three or more, especially after dark. It is strongly between all parties. Additional details regarding recommended that students do not walk alone the procedures can be found on the Residential after dark. Visitation Form, available through the Office of Student Life. Clean Living Spaces

Gathering in Dormitories Students are expected to maintain clean living spaces and respect the rights of their roommates Large gatherings (more than five people) are not and other residents in student housing. Periodic permitted without prior written approval from room and dorm inspections may be conducted the Residential Life Coordinator. by RAs or other College staff. Students may be Quiet Hours asked to clean their rooms and dorms to maintain a healthy, safe, and pleasant living environment. The residential spaces and their vicinity should Students who are not keeping their rooms, be sufficiently quiet to permit study and rest at bathrooms, and communal spaces in good order all times. Any activity or noise that interferes are required to rectify this within two days. with a resident’s ability to study or sleep should When students move out at the end of the immediately cease upon request. A more academic year, RAs conduct strict checkout dedicated quiet atmosphere must be preserved inspections to ensure that each room has been between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. properly cleaned and returned to its original Violations of this policy should be reported to the condition. Students’ housing deposits are subject RAs and the Residential Life Coordinator. to partial or complete forfeiture if the condition of a residential space is less than satisfactory upon Curfew and Safety departure. The student enrollment agreement Residential students must sleep in Zaytuna dorms contains additional details. Sunday through Thursday unless they receive written permission forty-eight hours in advance from the Residential Life Coordinator to stay Staff Entry elsewhere. Students living in College housing must be RAs must be notified in writing of any aware that facilities and other authorized staff intended overnight absence on weekends. and their agents may enter the premises in the Students are generally encouraged to remain event of an emergency to make inspections, in their residences after dark, unless they have a repairs, or improvements; to supply agreed-upon compelling reason not to, such as studying during services; to exhibit the premises to City/County the evening in a local library. Students residing inspectors; and to give tours to prospective in College housing are also required to abide by students, donors, and guests. Except in cases of an 11 p.m. curfew, which is intended to promote emergency, the College provides at least an hour’s sufficient rest and sleep. The curfew is typically notice of intent to enter. lifted at the onset of fajr time, unless otherwise Authorized College personnel may enter a advised by the Residential Life Coordinator. student’s room at any time in the event of an Students who expect to miss the curfew must emergency, with or without the student being

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 64 present, to resolve a life- or health-threatening liability for loss or damage to the property of situation or when a state law or College policy is the student arising from water leakage, breaking being violated. pipes, theft, or criminal activity. The College is not liable for loss or damage to students’ personal Waiver of Claims and property. The College recommends that students Indemnification carry a standard renter’s insurance policy from a recognized insurance firm. Students in College housing waive any claim against the College and/or the landlord for Asbestos and Lead Disclosure injury or death to any person, or damage to any property, in or about the housing, from any cause Statements whatsoever, unless due to either the landlord’s Certain areas of student housing and the campus or the College’s willful misconduct. Without are known to contain lead and asbestos. The limiting the generality of this waiver, students lead warning statement and asbestos notices are in College or College-leased housing expressly available to all students at the Office of Campus release the landlord and the College from any Safety and Security.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 65 Admissions and Financial Aid

Zaytuna College is a place for traditional CLT (waived for Fall ’21 admissions) and formal studies. We seek students who 4 Personal essay demonstrate intelligence, diligence, and 5 Three letters of recommendation perseverance, who have a track record of service 6 Interview and volunteer work, who are energized by long 7 Forty documented hours of community hours of study, and who desire to develop their service (waived for fall ’21 admissions) character as they develop their intellect. 8 A nonrefundable application fee of $50 The Zaytuna degree program is extremely 9 For international applicants: TOEFL, rigorous, and incoming students must possess IELTS, or CEFR level score superb reading, writing, and time-management skills. Acquiring tools for accessing great books, Application Deadlines in English and in Arabic, that contain timeless Under the Zaytuna College rolling admissions truths is a way of life at Zaytuna College. system, any candidate who has completed the BA Admissions junior year of high school may apply, at any time. The Admissions Committee only considers The application for admission to the BA program completed applications. The Admissions Office in Islamic law and theology must be supported communicates the timeline for decision to the by the documentation listed under Admissions applicant. Requirements and Policies. The admission process All offers of admission are contingent upon (1) is finalized when the enrollment agreement has the satisfactory completion of academic work in been signed and the required deposits have been progress, (2) passing the Arabic proficiency exam paid. All academic work in progress at the time administered by Zaytuna College or successfully of admission must be completed in a satisfactory passing the SAI Program, and (3) the expectation manner. of adab in all interactions with college staff and faculty. Applicants must read, sign, and return the Admissions Requirements and enrollment agreement and pay the deposit within Policies two weeks of notification of admission. All inquiries regarding admissions are directed Homesc hooled Students to the Admissions Office by sending an email to [email protected]. Applicants should Homeschooled students should contact the review the Admissions section of the Zaytuna Admissions Office for further information about College website (zaytuna.edu/admissions). admission requirements. Transcripts are required. Applicants for admission to the BA program Non-native Speakers of English in Islamic law and theology must be at least seventeen years old by the first day of the fall The College requires all incoming students to semester. The following documents must be have full proficiency in the English language. submitted digitally to the Admissions Office: Naturalized citizens and permanent residents are evaluated by the same standards as natural-born 1 Application form found on the Common citizens of the United States and must take the Application same standardized tests, such as the SAT, ACT, 2 Transcripts: High school and/or all or CLT. International applicants are expected to postsecondary transcripts, or GED report submit a TOEFL, IELTS, or CEFR level score. 3 Standardized test scores: SAT, ACT, or

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 66 Arabic Language Requirement if applicable, proof of financial resources from Zaytuna in order to apply for the F-1 visa. Matriculation for fall semester in the year of Required documents to send to the Registrar: admission is contingent upon passing an Arabic proficiency test or the successful completion • Copy of current valid passport of the SAI Program. Students who do not pass the proficiency test are required to enroll in • Financial documents Zaytuna’s SAI Program prior to their freshman • Completed “Certificate of Financial year. Successful completion of the SAI Program Resources” Form provides the equivalent of two semesters of college-level credit in Arabic. • Bank statement or letter from the bank • Scholarship information, if applicable Admission Deferrals • Educational loan information, if Applicants who have been admitted to Zaytuna applicable College may ask to defer matriculation for up to one year. Admitted students seeking a deferral • Mailing address (address where I-20 will must notify the Admissions Office and submit be mailed) the requisite form. Deferral requests must be All documentation must be provided to the accompanied by a $50 payment. Students with primary designated school officer (PDSO) or deferred admission are required to resubmit an designated school officer (DSO) at Zaytuna updated financial aid application, with supporting College at [email protected]. The College documentation, prior to the financial aid deadline then creates and sends the I-20 to the applicant for the academic year of intended matriculation. to apply for a visa. Applicants must inform the Registrar upon receipt of their visa. International Applicants The Registrar’s Office provides resources and How to Apply for a Student Visa support to international students regarding their application for F-1 visas to ensure compliance Although applying for an F-1 visa is not difficult, with US federal regulations. The Registrar’s it can take a few weeks or months to obtain a visa Office can be reached at registrar@zaytuna. appointment at a US Embassy or Consulate. For edu. The College also refers applicants to www. this reason, it is recommended that students begin studyinthestates.dhs.gov. the visa application process as soon after admission as possible to ensure all the necessary steps are Getting an I-20 from Zaytuna College completed before the beginning of classes. To apply for an F-1 student visa, applicants must After international students have received the first send a copy of their passport to the Registrar I-20, they need to pay the I-901 SEVIS fee (see along with proof of financial ability to cover the https://studyinthestates.dhs.gov/2013/01/what- cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses of the is-the-i-901-sevis-fee). Students need the I-20 and program for one full academic year. Students proof of fee payment for their visa appointment who are awarded scholarship or financial aid at a US consulate. When students have received from the College may use award letters issued by their visa and travel to the United States, all the College as proof of financial ability. Once documents must likewise be presented at the port the College receives the documents, the College of entry. Students will not be able to travel to the will issue Form I-20: “Certificate of Eligibility US more than 30 days before the program start for Nonimmigrant Student Status.” Applicants date listed on the I-20.. will receive a letter of admission, an I-20, and,

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 67 International Students Transferring from Part-Time Enrollment and Online Another US School Education Zaytuna College does not offer part-time Students currently studying in the United States enrollment or online courses. on an F-1 visa with an I-20 issued by another institution may transfer their Student and The Arabic Language Placement Test Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) record to Zaytuna College. After students return Admission is provisional upon demonstration the signed enrollment agreement to the College, of Arabic language proficiency, according to it is necessary to speak with the International the standards established by the Zaytuna Arabic Student Advisor or the International Student Language Program. Students who do not pass the Office on their initial campus about transferring placement test may enroll in the SAI Program their SEVIS record. For this transfer, students or a comparable program designed to cover the need: equivalent of two semesters of Arabic, but their matriculation depends upon the demonstration • Written confirmation of acceptance of proficiency by passing the Zaytuna placement • The contact information for Zaytuna test. College’s PDSO (Principal Designated Students attending the SAI Program to fulfill School Official, US Department the prerequisite for entering the BA degree of Homeland Security) or DSO program are required to pay summer tuition (Designated School Official, US and fees, as noted on the Zaytuna website, Department of Homeland Security) but students do not need to submit a separate at [email protected] so the application for the SAI. Students who have transferring school can make contact filed an application for financial aid for the • The SEVIS school code for Zaytuna undergraduate program may be granted financial College (SFR214F56055000) aid for the SAI, if needed. Students who pass the proficiency test and believe their level exceeds Transfer students should carefully coordinate what the College offers in the freshman year of with their initial school to choose a transfer Arabic may request to be placed at an appropriate release date based on their academic needs, level. financial obligations, and travel plans. Students must contact the PDSO or DSO at Zaytuna MA Admissions College within fifteen days of the program start date to register for classes. The PDSO or DSO at Application Deadlines the Zaytuna College then creates an updated I-20 that shows the status of the student and that the The master’s degree program at Zaytuna transfer was approved. College has a rolling admissions system. Any The I-20 and SEVIS record must always show candidate who has earned a terminal degree, the current status and location of each student. such as a bachelor’s degree or seminary (madrasa) equivalent, may apply at any time after October Student Travel 15, 2020. The College will consider complete applications and will communicate admissions The PDSO must sign the I-20 any time the decisions periodically, starting in the late fall of student leaves the US. Failure to do so may each year. It is in the applicant’s interest to apply prevent the student from re-entering the US. as early as possible.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 68 Minimum Requirements Graduate Program Costs

• Competency in reading and Fee Description Cost comprehending classical Arabic texts Tuition $27,592 (to be determined based on an oral Continuation fee $4,400 Records Maintenance fee during $100 examination that will be administered as leave of absence (per semester) part of the admissions interview) Special fees: MA application fee $40 • Studied rudimentary classical texts Housing $12,000 Reinstatement fee (for students $150 of grammar, fiqh, theology, rhetoric, who have withdrawn and wish and the other Islamic sciences with a to return) qualified teacher MA graduation fee $150 • Proficiency in the English language ID card placement $25 similar to a native speaker Payment of Tuition, Housing, and • Three letters of recommendation Other Fees • Statement of purpose Tuition, housing, and other fees are payable to the • Statement of research interests Accounting Office electronically via Populi or in • Statement of academic history (optional) person. Tuition is due and payable in advance, no later than the first day of classes each semester. A • Academic transcripts payment plan option is available for students who • Writing sample are unable to pay the entire tuition by the first day of classes each semester. Students may enroll Recommended Qualifications in a payment plan by contacting the Accounting Office prior to the start of the semester. No • An existing BA degree in Islamic Studies interest is charged, but failure to meet these or ancillary fields (e.g., theology, payment terms may result in administrative philosophy, Arabic, Islamic law, history) withdrawal from the program. If students do not • Foundational training in the Islamic make the payments within ten calendar days of sciences the due date, they are considered to be in default • Foundational training in Qur’anic studies of the enrollment agreement and are barred from (memorization is highly valued) classes until (1) payment is made or (2) a payment • GPA of 3.5 or higher plan is made with the Accounting Office. Students who are barred from classes for more than two days for failure to pay their tuition or Expenses to finalize an acceptable payment plan are usually withdrawn from the College. Students must settle Undergraduate Program Costs their account with the Accounting Office before gaining access to their housing at the College. Fee Description Cost Tuition $19,000 The College accepts payments in the form of Nonrefundable enrollment $250 personal checks, cashier’s checks, money orders, Housing $10,000 debit cards, credit cards, and cash. Checks or Refundable security deposit $500 money orders should be made payable to Zaytuna College. Payments can be mailed to Zaytuna College, Attn: Accounting Office, 2401 Le Conte Avenue, Berkeley, CA, 94709. Credit card payments are accepted, and students should contact the Accounting Department at 510-924-1965.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 69 Housing Deposits forms must include that information in financial aid requests, as applicable. Financial assistance At the end of the academic year, the housing is classified into two types based on the criteria security deposit of $500, less damages, is refunded through which financial assistance is awarded: via mail after an inspection of the residential space merit-based assistance and need-based assistance by College staff. Refunds are paid within thirty (zakat). calendar days of checkout. Need-Based Aid (zakat) Refund Policy Need-based aid is awarded on a scale depending All enrollment cancellations and requests for on the student’s and (if applicable) parents’ refunds must be made in writing to the Registrar’s income and assets. Need-based aid is designed Office. After the first day of instruction, tuition to ensure that all qualified students can attend Zaytuna College while maintaining that students, and board may be refunded; however, all other with their families, contribute what they are fees are nonrefundable. Refunds are calculated reasonably able to towards their education. by the day, starting the day after the refund is requested. Refunds are paid within thirty calendar days of the student’s request. Refunds Merit-Based Aid can only be paid to the person from whom the funds originated. Merit scholarships are available through generous donations to the College. Any student or All refund amounts exclude any financial aid applicant with a GPA of 3.7 or above may apply disbursed by Zaytuna College. for a merit scholarship. Students on partial financial aid receive a refund commensurate with the percentage of fees they have paid, less any unpaid bills they have at Financial Aid for SAI the time of their withdrawal. Financial Aid Students approved for financial aid for the BA program are also granted financial aid for the SAI Zaytuna College does not participate in federal or Program. If applicants do not qualify for financial state-sponsored grant or loan programs. Students aid, the costs are: may apply for financial aid from the College directly. Students who are claimed as a financial Tuition $3,000 dependent by their parents or others on their tax Housing $3,000

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 70 General Policies

Anti-discrimination Policy Consumption or possession of alcohol and/or illegal substances on campus, including in College Zaytuna College does not discriminate on housing, or off campus will result in expulsion the basis of age, race, religion, gender, nationality, from the College and from campus housing, or ethnic origin in the admission of students or in without any refund. Illegal acts are referred to its educational or other policies. If students feel local authorities. they have been the subject of discrimination, they may file their claim of discrimination with the Violence and Intimidation Director of Student Life, who will investigate the Policy on Violence allegation(s) and take appropriate action. Zaytuna College requires employees and students to treat others fairly and with dignity. Differences Minors or problems between persons should be resolved Zaytuna College is committed to providing a with civility and without reprisals. Violence and safe environment for students who are minors, threats of violence, whether verbal or written, are defined in California as persons under the age not tolerated. of eighteen. Minors will be treated respectfully For purposes of this policy, violence is defined and are expected to respect all faculty and staff. as an overt act or threat of harm to a person Zaytuna does not tolerate any physical or sexual or property, or any act that poses a substantial abuse of minors by College students, employees, threat to the safety of any person or property. or volunteers, and thoroughly investigates any Such violence is prohibited in any space owned allegations of such abuse and reports them to or leased by the College; in any of its constituent law enforcement authorities, as required by units, including vehicles; and in any location law. Alleged violations of this policy should be where College events or activities are conducted. reported to the Director of Student Life. Conduct that may violate this policy includes but is not limited to the following: • Intimidating, harassing, or threatening Prohibition of Smoking, Alcohol, behavior and Illegal Drugs • Physical abuse, including hitting, slapping, poking, kicking, punching, Students, faculty, staff, and visitors are strictly and grabbing prohibited from using, possessing, distributing, • Verbal abuse, including yelling; or promoting cigarettes, tobacco, alcoholic shouting; and use of sexually, racially, beverages, and illegal or controlled drugs and or ethnically charged epithets intoxicants on the Zaytuna College campus and its residential facilities and at its sponsored events. • Vandalism Smoking or the use of tobacco is not allowed • Any other act that a reasonable person in or near College housing units and other would consider to constitute a threat College buildings, including entranceways and of violence, including oral or written the courtyard. One verified violation will result in statements, and gestures or expressions a written warning from the Director of Student that communicate a direct or indirect Life, while two such violations may result in threat of physical harm expulsion from the College and from housing, • Endangering the safety of any employee, without any refund. student, or visitor

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 71 • Intentional behavior that has a harmful Director of Student Life, who will investigate the impact on an individual’s physical and/ allegation(s) and take appropriate action. or psychological well-being • Behavior that causes damage to personal Prohibition of Stalking or College property Stalking occurs when a person engages in a course • Behavior that creates a hostile campus of conduct or repeatedly commits acts toward environment another person, under circumstances that would place the person in reasonable fear for his or her Prohibition of Weapons safety, or in fear of harm or bodily injury to self or others, or that would reasonably cause The use or possession of weapons, as defined substantial emotional distress. under California law, is prohibited on the College A course of conduct refers to a pattern of campus, in campus housing, and at College events behavior of two or more acts over a period of time or activities. that can be reasonably regarded as likely to alarm, Reporting Threats, Crimes, Violent harass, or cause fear of harm or injury to that person Acts, or Emergencies or to a third party. The feared harm or injury may be physical; emotional; psychological; or related Anyone in imminent physical danger should to the personal safety, property, education, or call 911 to report a threat, crime, violent act, or employment of that individual. emergency on campus. For non-life-threatening Stalking can involve individuals who are concerns or situations, call the City of Berkeley known to one another or who are not known Police Department at 510-981-5911. As soon as to one another. Allegations of stalking are taken possible thereafter, report the incident to the seriously and investigated by the Director of Manager of Facilities and Security by calling 510- Student Life and may lead to disciplinary action, 631-6331. Resident students should also notify the including referral to prosecution if a crime has Residential Life Coordinator and their RA. Staff been committed. or faculty who receive incident or emergency Suspected incidences of harassment; sexual reports communicate them to the Manager of harassment; any type of violence, including Facilities and Security. domestic or dating violence; or stalking should be reported to the Director of Student Life, who will investigate and commence appropriate next steps. Prohibition of Harassment If any of these violations are verified, disciplinary Zaytuna students and employees are expected action will be taken against the guilty party through to demonstrate respect for others. Harassment the JRC. Consequences may include expulsion is defined as conduct that is abusive or that of the guilty party or other action, including substantially interferes with a person’s pursuit of prosecution if a crime has been committed. his or her customary or usual affairs. Harassment can be verbal, physical, or written. It can be a Prohibition of Retaliation behavior committed once or multiple times. Retaliation against a person who has filed a One’s gender, ethnicity, race, age, or other complaint is prohibited. Any individuals who personal characteristics can all be the target of believe they have witnessed or experienced harassment. Sexual, racial, ethnic, and religious retaliation for having filed a complaint should harassment are violations of law. All forms of report their concern to their manager or another harassment are unacceptable and may incur manager of the College. Students should report sanctions. Harassment or other suspected legal retaliation concerns to the Director of Student violations should be promptly reported to the Life.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 72 Communications and Privacy campus. Students, faculty, and administrative staff are not permitted to represent the College Digital Communications Policy to journalists, documentary filmmakers, or any outside individuals or institutions seeking All Zaytuna students are issued official email interviews or information, without first seeking accounts, and email is an official method of the approval of the Publications Department. communication at the College; students are Students and staff who are approached by expected to read emails daily. In their email journalists, other media representatives, or people communications, students are expected to adhere conducting any type of research on the College to the principles of adab found in the Honor should refer such individuals to the Director of Code. They are also prohibited from using their Publications. College-issued email accounts for unlawful, inappropriate, or unethical purposes or for private commercial purposes. Violations of this Image Release Policy policy may result in serious consequences. Zaytuna College takes and uses photographs and Students should familiarize themselves with electronic images and makes video and audio Microsoft Outlook for scheduling meetings recordings of students and visitors on College and events. Emails that students receive from property and at College-sponsored events for the College, including attachments, are for the educational, promotional, and fundraising exclusive use of the person or entity to which purposes. All students have an opportunity to they are addressed and may contain confidential, decline the use of their photographs or images by proprietary, and/or privileged information. Any submitting an “opt out” form to Aaron Haroon review, retransmission, dissemination, or other Sellars in the Marketing Department. use of this information—or any action taken with reliance upon this information—by persons Privacy Policy or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited. Students are prohibited from using Zaytuna College respects the privacy rights of the student email listserv to forward emails all students. Academic records, medical history from persons or organizations outside Zaytuna. and events, and other personal information are Egregious violations of the policy will result only shared with faculty and staff on a need-to- in serious consequences, which may include know basis. Students over the age of eighteen suspension from the College or permanent are entitled to the privacy of all their records and expulsion. personal information. The College appoints monitors of College Students may give written permission to the email distribution lists to prevent abuse of College if they want to allow parents, guardians, College emails. Information about appropriate or others access to these records. The records of use of Zaytuna information technology is also students under the age of eighteen may be shared available for faculty and staff in the faculty and with their parents and legal guardians if it is employee handbooks. deemed in the best interest of the student to do so. A form may be submitted to the Registrar Media and Public Relations Policy to give the administration permission to All Zaytuna College communications with provide information to parents, if the College representatives of the media should be is contacted, on any issues regarding academic coordinated and approved by the Director records, financial responsibilities, academic of Publications. With rare exceptions, the performance, or the student’s well-being. College prohibits media representatives from Questions regarding the College’s student privacy interviewing, photographing, or filming on policy should be directed to the Registrar.

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 73 Campus Safety and Security doors, door closures, exit signs, smoke detectors, or fire extinguishers) Zaytuna College is committed to a safe and 3 Possession of explosives or flammable secure campus and reserves the right to take substances, including firecrackers reasonable actions, including alerting appropriate and flammable liquids (e.g., lamp authorities when necessary, in the interest of the oil, gasoline, lighter fluid, and other general welfare of its students, faculty, and staff. chemicals that are toxic or explosive in To that end, the College has established policies nature) designed to promote the safety of students and 4 Blocking of indoor or outdoor employees of the College, including policies stairwells, corridors, pedestrian paths, or concerning campus life, weapons, and violence. balconies, including by locking bicycles The Manager of Facilities and Security to railings or leaving shoes, backpacks, provides information to students about how or other objects in the hallways to enhance their security; brings in necessary trainers and resources to assist the College 5 Use of any object that creates an open in its efforts; and serves as a liaison with flame (e.g., candle, incense, matches, community leaders, including the Berkeley Police lighters, charcoal, hookahs, and flame Department, the City Council, and community starters), including on balconies and in service organizations. The Residential Life entryways to buildings Coordinator, RAs, and Director of Student Life 6 Use, outside designated kitchen spaces, can field safety complaints from students and of unapproved appliances and of any respond to reports of threatening incidents or appliance, other than a personal iron, medical emergencies. that has an open coil or creates heat or Students, faculty, and staff should be aware of flame their surroundings at all times. When walking 7 Possession and use of barbecues; outside the campus after dark, students are unapproved cookouts in or around all strongly encouraged to walk in groups of three or campus properties more. Students should have their RA’s cell phone 8 Use of halogen lamps and decorative number and the Berkeley Police Department strings of lights in or around any number on speed dial in their cell phone. residential facility Students should immediately call 911 if they 9 Unapproved use of common area believe they are in imminent danger. Once they fireplaces are in a secure place or state, they should also call 510-631-6331 to report the incident to the An automatic fine of $250, plus the cost of Manager of Facilities and Security. replacement of equipment, is charged to any student or recognized organization violating Fire Safety these regulations, and further disciplinary action may be taken. Students and their guests should The following actions are prohibited: be aware that any person who causes an alarm to 1 Failure to evacuate a building be set off for improper purposes is liable for the immediately upon the sound of an expenses incurred by any City of Berkeley service alarm, or to follow specific evacuation responding to the alarm. procedures 2 Misuse or tampering of fire safety Emergency Notification System equipment (e.g., pulling a fire alarm in OmniLert/E2Campus is Zaytuna College’s a nonemergency situation; removal of integrated mass notification system for sending

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 74 time-sensitive information to students, staff, and Safety and Security Questions faculty. It is activated to contact subscribers when an immediate threat to safety or health is affecting Further information about campus safety policies the campus community. All students must sign and procedures is available from the Manager up for the emergency notification system. They of Facilities and Security. Students who have must opt in for the OmniLert service and specify questions or concerns related to campus safety notification preferences. Students can choose and security should contact the Manager of their preferred method of receiving alerts, such as Facilities and Security at [email protected]. phone, text message, or email. To learn more or Additional important information is provided at to sign up, go to https://zaytuna.omnilert.net. Orientation.

Important Phone Numbers

Description Number Life-threatening, police, fire, or medical 911 emergencies Non-life-threatening emergencies or 510-981-5900 incident reports: (Berkeley Police Department) Non-life-threatening emergencies or 510-631-6331 incident reports: (Zaytuna College) `

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 75 Directory

President Assistant Professor (MA Program), Director of Arabic Program Cofounder, President Fadi Elhin Hamza Yusuf [email protected] [email protected] 1712 Euclid Founders Hall Assistant Professor Provost Youssef Ismail Provost, Assistant Professor [email protected] Omar Qureshi Bin Bayyah Hall [email protected] Founders Hall Assistant Professor- Francisco Nahoe Administrative Assistant to the Provost [email protected] Nehayah Alnajar Bin Bayyah Hall [email protected] Bin Bayyah Hall Assistant Professor (MA Program), Director of Graduate Studies & Admin. Faculty Jawad Qureshi [email protected] Cofounder, Lecturer 1712 Euclid Zaid Shakir [email protected] Lecturer (MA Program) 1712 Euclid Talal Ahdab [email protected] Cofounder, Assistant Professor 1712 Euclid Hatem Bazian [email protected] Lecturer, Coordinator of the Honors Program 2401 Le Conte Faraz Khan [email protected] Assistant Professor Sophia Annex Abdullah Ali [email protected] Lecturer Bin Bayyah Hall Nawal Laymoun [email protected] Assistant Professor Bin Bayyah Hall Ali Ataie [email protected] Lecturer Bin Bayyah Hall Yusuf Mullick [email protected] Assistant Professor, Founders Hall Director of Academic Support Center Cindy Ausec Lecturer [email protected] Tahir Anwar Bin Bayyah Hall [email protected] Bin Bayyah Hall

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 76 Lecturer Bookstore/Interior Design Manager Amar Bellaha Khadija Annette O’Connell [email protected] [email protected] Sophia Hall 2401 Le Conte

Lecturer Senior Director of Development Phillbert Cheng Jamal Mohammad Barakat [email protected] [email protected] Sophia Annex 1712 Euclid

Lecturer (MA Program), Audio Visual Specialist Director of Teaching and Learning Na’im Beyah Mahsuk Yamac [email protected] [email protected] Founders Hall Annex 2401 Le Conte Manager of Facilities and Security Adjunct Faculty/Lecturer Jacobus Btha Lawrence Jannuzzi [email protected] [email protected] Bin Bayyah Hall Sophia Annex Data Analyst Staff Souad Bouali [email protected] Director of Publications and Communications, 2401 Le Conte Editor of Renovatio Safir Ahmed Community Programs Manager [email protected] Seema Duhan 1712 Euclid [email protected] 1712 Euclid Director of Institutional Effectiveness and Planning Sumaira Akhtar Student Counselor [email protected] Heba El-Haddad Sophia Hall [email protected] Sophia Annex Donor Relations Associate Manal Alfaouri Admissions Officer [email protected] Imran Ghani 2401 Le Conte [email protected] Facilities Maintenance Technician Director of Admissions Javier Alvarez Faisal Hamid [email protected] [email protected] Founders Hall Maintenance/On-Site Events Luis Alvarez Special Events Manager [email protected] Iman Hamze [email protected] Custodian Sophia Hall Maria Alvarez Moran [email protected]

ZAYTUNA COLLEGE CATALOG 2020–2021 77 Managing Editor Campus Safety and Security Officer Najeeb Hasan Syed Tahir Shah [email protected] [email protected] 1712 Euclid Registrar & Financial Aid Senior Editor, Lecturer Jennifer Sherrill Uzma Fatima Husaini [email protected] [email protected] Sophia Hall Annex Founders Hall Associate Accountant Director of Administrative Services Aadhil Shiraz Naima Jameson [email protected] [email protected] 2401 Le Conte Sophia Hall Development Programs Manager Maintenance Worker Akram Sirafi Jerry Jiminez [email protected] [email protected] Accounting Manager Writer/Social Media Manager Larry Smith Faatimah Knight [email protected] [email protected] 2401 Le Conte

Residential Life Coordinator Instructor of Experiential Learning, Ibraheem Naqeeb Director of Student Life, Director of [email protected] the Center for Ethical Living & Learning Bin Bayyah Hall Dawood Yasin [email protected] Director of Emir-Stein Center Sophia Hall Ismael Nass-Duce [email protected] Accounting Assistant Fida Yassine Administrative and Website Manager [email protected] Carol Nisar 2401 Le Conte [email protected] 1712 Euclid Operations Specialist Irshad Zakaria Human Resource Manager [email protected] Pepy Prawira Founders Hall Annex [email protected] 2401 Le Conte Campus Buildings Lower Campus Director of Advancement 2401 Le Conte Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94709 Ghaith Saggaf 1712 Euclid Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94709 [email protected] 2401 Le Conte Upper Campus Founders Hall, Founders Hall Annex, Sophia Audio Visual Manager Hall, Sophia Hall Annex, & Bin Bayyah Hall: Aaron Haroon Sellars 2770 Marin Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94708 [email protected] Founders Hall Annex

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