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DOCUMENT RESUME SO 014 671 ED 229 315 0 AUTHOR Zamora, Mario D., Ed.; AndOthers Third World. Studies in TITLE Culture and Diplomacy in the Third World Societies, PublicationNumber Twelve. Williamsburg, VA. Dept. INSTITUTION College of William and Mary, of Anthropology. PUB DATE 81 NOTE 130p. AVAIIABLE FROMDepartment of Anthropology,College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185($5.60; 10 or more, $7.00). (020) PUB TYPE Viewpoints (120) -- Collected Works - General EDWS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. Cross Cultural / DESCRIPTORS *Anthropology; *Conflict Resolution; Training; *Cultural Awareness;Cultural Background; Cultural Differences; CulturalEducation; Deyeloped Nations; *Developing Nations;*International Relations; *Peace; Technology Transfer *Third World; US R IDENTIFIERS Iran; Mexico; Philippines; ABSTRACT New ground has beenbroken in what is lab led as "anthropological diplomacy"--a studyof the theory and pr cticeof and/or conflict resolutionbetween/Among micro-units peace promotion sound (e.g., tribes) or macro-units(e.g., nation-states)based on six knowledge of a society'sfundamental cultural-premises. There are papers. The firstunderscores the importance of the psycho-socio-cultural characteristicsof concerned and politicized populations in the recent U.S.-Irandiplomatic confrontation. The significance of the psychologicaland sociopolitical contextsin Soviet-U.S. relations is stressedin the second paper. Thesecond and t'lird papers use the tribe andthe town as their unitsof analyses, discussing the relationshipsbetween the custom ofheadhunting and Mexico. diplomacy in the Philippines andethnicity and diplomacy in Development diplomacy (the attemptof developed nations to earn need for cooperation from other nationsthrough assistance) and the perspectives in the promotion oftechnology transfer from the two developed to the developingsocieties are treated in the last papers. A generaldiscussion concludes thepublication. (BM) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS arethe best that can bemade * from the original document. ----------- U.S.DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERICI This document has been reproduced as received horn the person or organization originating it XM hot changes have been made to improve reproduction quahty Points of view or opinions stated in this doc2 _. ment do not necessarily represent official NIE position br policy LIJ Culture and Diplomacyin the Third World "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS RIAL. HAS BEEN GRANTED BY _,_ 1, igsoilti`ri,: sa ve ) .cjr; TO THE EDUCATIONAL. RESOURCES 0 INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Studies in Third World. Societies PUBLICATION NUMBER TWELVE STUDIES IN THIRD WORLD SOCIETIES Is devoted to the study of cultures and societies of the Third World. Each publication contains papers dealing with a single theme or area, addressed both to scholars and laymen as well as to teacheis, students, and practitioners of social science; the papers should be of value also to applied social scientists, planners, demographers, community development workers, and other students of human cultures and sncieties. t COPYRIGHT 1981 by THE EDITORS Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 81 65167 Communications concerning editorialmatters,includingrequests to reprint or translate, and correspondence about subscriptions, change of address, circulation, and payments should beladdressed to: The Editors STUDIES IN THIRD WORLDSOCIETIES Department of Anthropology College of William and Mary , Williamsburg, Virginia 23185 U.S.A. Phone: (804) 253-4522 ri 4 1 - II ..... ., EDITORS MARIO D. ZAMORA VINSON H. SUTLIVE NATHAN ALTSHULER *VP PUBLISHER DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY Williamsburg, Virginia 23185 U.S.A. International Echtorial Advisory Board Teodore Agoncillo (Uhiversity of thePhilippines), Carlos H. Aguilar (University of Costa Rica), Muhammad Ali (University of Malaya), Jacques Amyot (ChulalongkornUniversity,Thailand),Ghaus Ansari(Kuwait University), George N. Appell (Brandeis University), Harold Barclay (UniversityofAlberta,Canada),EttaBecker-Donner (Muieum fur Volkerkunde, Vienna, Austria), Harumi Befu (Stanford University), Ignacio Bernal (Instituto Nacional de Aritropologia e Historia, Mexico), Ronald M. Berndt (University of Western Australia), Fernando Camara ,(Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia, Mexico), Paulode Carvalho-Heto (Sao Paulo, Brazil), Joseph B. Casagrande (University of Illinois),S. Chandrasekhar (California StateUniversity), K.C. ',Chang(Yale University), Chen Chi-lu (National Taiwan University, China), Hackeny Choe (SeoulNationalUniversity,Korea), George Coelho (National Institute of Mental Health, Maryland), Horacio dela Costa(Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines), Ronald Cohen (Ahmado Bello University, Nigeria), Ronald Crocombe (University of the Pacific, Fiji Island), May N. Diaz (University of california, Berkeley), K.O. Dike (Harvard University), Fred Eggan (UnivosityofChicago),S.C. Dube (IndiaInstituteof Advanced Study,India),John M. Echols (CornellUnktersity),S.N. Eisenstadt (Hebrew University, Israel), Gabriel EStobar M. (Pennsylvania State University and Lima, Peru), Claudio Esteva Fabregat (Universityof Barcelona, Spain), Orlando Fals Borda (Bogota, Colombia), Muhammad Fayyaz (Punjab University, Pakistan, and 'Queens University,Canada), C. Dean Freudenberger (School of Theology, Claremont, California), Morton H. Fried (Columbia University), Isao Fujimoto (University ofCalifornia, Davis), C. von Furer-Haimendorf (London School of Oriental and African Studies,England),Dante Germino (UniversityofVirginia),Walter Goldschmidt (University of California, Los Angeles), Nancie L. Gonzalez (Boston Univeysik), W.W. Howells (Harvard University), Francis L.K. Hsu (Northwestern TRiversity), Charles C. Hughes (University of Utah Medical Center), Erwin H. Johnson (State University of New York,.13uffalo), Koentjaraningrat (University of Indonesia), T.A. Lambo (World Health Organization, Switzerland), Gottfried 0. Lang (University ofColorado), Peter Lawrence (Sydney University, Australia), Diane K. Lewis(University I. ........, of California, Santa Cruz), Dapen Liang (Asiamerica Research Institute, California), AbdoulayeI,..y(University of Dakar, Senegal), Robert A. Manner., (Brandeis University), Jamshed Mavalwala (Uni;ersity of Toronto, Canada), Eugenio 'Fernandez Mendez (Universidad de Puerto Rico), AlfredoT..Morales (National Research and Development Centre f6r Teacher Education, University of the Philippines), Gananath Obeyesekere (University of California, San Diego), Gottfried Oosterwal (Andrews University), Marvin K. Op ler (State University of New York, Buffalo), MorrisE. Op ler (University of Oklahoma), Alfonso Ortiz (Princeton University), Akin Rabibhadana (Thammasat University, Thailand), V.1 Ram (United Nations, Beirut, Lebanon), M.S.A.Rat) (University of Delhi, India),J.B.Romain (CREStiS,Haiti),RenatoI.Rosa Ido(Stanford University),IrvingRouse (YaleUniversity),MiguelAcosta Saignes (CaracasVenezuela), Kernial S. Sandhu (Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore), Edward H. Spicer (University of Arizona), Spiegal- Rosing (Rhur-Universitat Bochum, Germany), Rodolfo Stavenhagen (El Colegio de Mexico), Akira Takahashi (University of Tokyo, Japan), Mischa Titiev (University of Michigan), Reina Torres de,Arauz (Instituto Nacional de Cultura y Deportes, Panama), Donald Tugby (Queensland University, Australia), Victor W. Turner (Univ,ersity of Virginia), Victor C. Uchendu , (Unwersity of Illinois and Kampala, Uganda), Lionel Vallee (University of Montreal, Canada), Mario C. Vasquez (National Office of Agrarian Refoun, Peru), L.P. Vidyarthi (Ranchi University, India), B.M. Villanueva (United Nations, New York City), Hiroshi Wagatsuma (University of California, Los Angeles), Wong Soon Kai (Kuching, Sarawak), Ingzr Wulff (Danish National Museum). ,, Typist - Jean Be lvin .. a 6 CONTENTg Publication Number Twelve June 1980 4 CULTURE AND DIPLOMACY IN THE THIRD WORLD Mario D. Zamora Guest Editor Page Mario D. Zamora Introduction Paul J. Magnarella 1 Iranian Diplomacy -in the Khomeini Era Lincoln Landis 17' Soviet Perceptions; Soviet Motives Robert Lawless 25 Headhunting, Trade, and Diplomacy in .the North Luzon Highlands Edwin B. Almircl 51 Ethnicity and Diplomacy in a Mexican Town Salvador P. Lopez 63 Development, Diplomacy, and the Third World Walter L. Williams V 73 Transfer of Technology to Developing Countries: A Challenge to International Diplomacy Walter L. Williams 117 Discussion: Culture, Development, and Diplomacy: Reflections on a Seamless Web Notes on the Contributors 123 -iv- 7 INTRODUCTION /J MARIO D. ZAMORA The College of William and Mary This issue of STUDIES IN THIRD WORLD SOCIETIES is devoted to six papers examining the relevance of culture to diplomacy, especially in the thin] world. Three anthropologists (Almirol, Lawless, and Magnarella), two schola1-diplomats (Landis and Lopez), and an international lawyer (ifilliams) have succeeded in breaking new ground iwhat is labelled as "anthropological diplomacy" -- a study of the theory and practice of peace promotion and/or conflict resolution between/among micro-units (e.g., tribe, band) or macro-units (e.g., nation-state) based on sound knowledge of a society's fundamental cultural premises. Professor Paul Magnarella, a leading specialist on Turkey and the Middle East; underscores the importance of ".the psycho-socio-cultural characteristics