62 HISTORY AND CHRONOLOGY

1755. Establishment at Halifax of first post 31, was defeated and killed in an office in what is now , to­ attack on Quebec. gether with direct mail communi­ 1776. The Americans were defeated and cation with Great Britain. June 16, driven from Canada by Carleton. Surrender of Fort Beausejour on the 1777. Sept. 18, General Frederick Haldi- to the British. mand Governor in Chief. Sept. 10, Expulsion of the Acadians 1778. Captain Jas. Cook explored Nootka from . sound and claimed the northwest 1756. Seven Years' War between Great coast of America for Great Britain. Britain and France began. June 3, First issue of the Montreal 1758. July 26, Final capture of Louisbourg Gazette. by the British. Oct. 7, First meet­ 1783. Sept. 3, Treaty of Versailles, recog­ ing of the Legislature of Nova Sco­ nizing the independence of the tia. United States. Organization of the 1759. July 25, Taking of Fort Niagara by Northwest Company at Montreal. the Biitish. July 26, Beginning of Kingston, Ont., and Saint John, the siege of Quebec. July 31, French N.B., founded by the United Em­ victory at Beauport Flats. Sept. 13, pire Loyalists. Defeat of the French on the Plains 1784. , 113,012. Aug. of Abraham. Death of Wolfe. Sept. 16, and (Aug. 26) 14, Death of Montcalm. Sept. 18, Cape Breton separated from Nova Surrender of Quebec. Scotia. 1760. April 28, Victory of the French under 1785. May 18, Incorporation of Parrtown Levis at Ste. Foy. Sept. 8, Sur­ (Saint John, N.B.). render of Montreal. Military rule 1786. April 22, Lord Dorchester again set up in Canada. Governor in Chief. Oct. 23, Govern­ 1762. British population of Nova Scotia, ment of New Brunswick moved 8,104. First British settlement in from Saint John to Fredericton. New Brunswick. 1787. C. Inglis appointed Anglican Bishop of 1763. Feb. 10, Treaty of Paris, by which Nova Scotia—the first colonial Canada and its dependencies were bishopric in the British Empire. ceded to the British. May, Rising 1788. King's College, Windsor, N.S., open­ of Indians under Pontiac, who took ed. Sailing packet service restored a number of forts and defeated the between Great Britain and Halifax. British at Bloody Run (July 31). 1789. Quebec and Halifax Agricultural Oct. 7, Civil government pro­ Societies established. claimed. Cape Breton and He St. 1790. Spain surrendered her exclusive rights Jean annexed to Nova Scotia; Labra­ on the Pacific coast. Population of dor, Anticosti and Magdalen islands Canada, 161,311. (This census did to Newfoundland. Nov. 21, Gen­ not include what became, in the eral James Murray appointed Gov­ next year, Upper Canada.) ernor in Chief. First Canadian post 1791. The Constitutional Act divided the offices established at Montreal, province of Quebec into Upper and Three Rivers and Quebec. Lower Canada, each with a lieu- 1764. June 21, First issue of the Quebec tenantr-governor and legislature. The Gazette. Aug. 13, Civil government Act went into force Dec. 26. Sept. established. 12, Colonel J. G. Simcoe, first 1765. Publication of the first book printed Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Can­ in Canada, "Catechisme du Diocese ada. de Sens". May 18, Montreal nearly 1792. Sept. 17, First Legislature of Upper destroyed by fire. Population of Canada opened at Newark (Nia­ Canada, 69,810. gara). Dec. 17, First Legislature of 1766. July 24, Peace made with Pontiac at Lower Canada opened at Quebec. Oswego. Vancouver island circumnavigated 1768. Charlottetown, P.E.I., founded. April by Vancouver. 11, Great fire at Montreal. April 12, 1793. April 18, First issue of the Upper Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester) Canada Gazette. June 28, Jacob Governor in Chief. Mountain appointed first Anglican 1769. He St. Jean (P.E.I.) separated from Bishop of Quebec. July 9, Importa­ Nova Scotia. tion of slaves into Upper Canada 1770-72. Hearne's journey to the Copper­ forbidden. Rocky mountains mine and Slave rivers and Great crossed by (Sir) Alexander Mac­ Slave lake. kenzie, who reached the Pacific 1773. Suppression of the order of Jesuits in ocean. York (Toronto) founded by Canada and escheat of their estates. Simcoe. 1774. June 22, The Quebec Act passed. 1794. Nov. 19, Jay's Treaty between Great 1775. May 1, The Quebec Act came into Britain and the United States. force. Outbreak of the American 1795. Pacific coast of Canada finally given Revolution. Montgomery and Arn­ up by Spaniards. old invaded Canada. Nov. 12, 1796. Government of Upper Canada moved Montgomery took Montreal; Dec. from Niagara to York (Toronto).