Index

Figures in italics indicate illustrations. Fragrant Hill Hotel 99 California Academy of Sciences 139 Linked Hybrid 146, 147, 148 Calthorpe, Peter 254n3 Aalto, Alvar 21 Beijing Airport 154, 156, 156 Cambridge, Massachusetts 203, 243 Beijing Olympics 236 Moore, Turnbull, Murray House 45 Zayed National Museum 247 National Stadium (Bird’s Nest) 236, 237, Simmons Hall, MIT 144, 145, 148 Accademia di San Luca 74 238, 239, 245, 247 Cambridge University 142 ACT 94, 95 The Water Cube for swimming sports 186, Centre for Mathematical Sciences 138–39 Adams, Henry 94 187 Camden Council, 25 Adams, Jonathan 216, 217 Belluschi, Pietro 80 Canberra National Museum 174, 177 Adjaye Associates 244 Benjamin, Walter 97 Candilis, Georges 33 Aecom 244, 245 Benson, Gordon 96, 97–98 Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Garagia Rotunda Aedas 256n8 Benson & Forsyth 98, 111 82, 83 Ai Weiwei 238, 239 Bentham, Jeremy 123 Capita Percy Thomas 217 Alberti, Leon Battista 40, 43, 91, 108, 134 Berlin 88, 99, 117, 150 Capra, Frijof 253n1 Alexander, Christopher 148 British Embassy 88, 90, 91 Cardiff: Wales Millennium Centre 216, 217, 219 Allies & Morrison 244, 245 Bundestag 158 Cardinal, Douglas 214, 215, 216 Alsop, Will 193 Dutch Embassy 88, 142, 143, 144, 227 Carnegie, Andrew 141, 142 Ambasz, Emilio 134, 135, 138 Jewish Museum 91, 93, 157, 158 Carson, Rachel 28 American Holocaust 159, 258n8 Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe Case Study House (Eames) 82 Amsterdam 71, 88, 120, 123 157, 158, 159 Cathy Come Home (TV film) 26, 248n8 Borneo Sporenburg Peninsula 122 Museum Island 101, 102 Celebration, Florida 254n3 The Ghost Building 24, 25 Neues Museum 64, 101–4, 103, 106 Chandigarh, India: General Assembly 36, 37, Ando, Tadao 168, 184, 243, 256n8 Reichsbank Project 22, 23, 24 40, 98 Architectural Association 178, 257n1 Reichstag renovation and preserved graffiti Channel Tunnel 154 Archizoom 254n3 100, 101, 159 Charles, HRH The Prince of Wales 24, 26, 70, ARM (Ashton, Raggatt, McDougall) 174, 176, 177 Social Housing, IBA project 66, 67 71, 103, 130, 138, 254n3 Aronoff Center 255n21 Tiergarten 158 Chermayeff, Serge 82 Art Deco 101, 122 Berlin, Isaiah 26, 79 Chernobyl disaster (1986) 29 Art Nouveau 23, 185 Best Products Company 55, 55, 56 Chestnut Hill, , Pennsylvania: Arts and Crafts 138 Beuys, Joseph 108 Mother’s House 42, 43 Arup 180, 181, 187, 244, 245 Bilbao 97, 127, 152 Chetwood, Laurie 139 Ashton, Steve 174 Guggenheim Museum 154, 204, 205, 206, Chiat Day Mojo 127 Athens: US Embassy 33, 35 208, 222, 247 , Illinois Atkins 168, 256n8 Bilbao Effect 13, 40, 152, 204, 206, 208, 213, Illinois Institute of Technology 129 Atlanta, Georgia: Emory College Center for 216, 231, 258n5 Millennium Park Creativity & Arts 152 Blake, Peter 29 The Gateway or ‘Bean’ 167, 168, 169 Audi 222 Blanc, Patrick 111, 113, 134, 136, 137 Jay Pritzker Pavilion 169, 169 Aulenti, Gae 74–75, 94, 95, 97 BMW 12, 222, 247 Chicago, Judy 60 Auschwitz, Poland 157, 214 Bofill, Ricardo 69, 70–71, 73, 74, 75 The Dinner Party 60, 61, 63, 189 autopoiesis 256n17 Böhm, Gottfried 106 Chicago Tribune Column 79 Bolshevik Party 26 Chichester: Weald and Downland Open Air Baghdad 245 Borromini, Francesco 91, 108, 134 Museum, Gridshell Visitor Centre 138, 139 Baird, George 173 Boston, Massachusetts: Faneuil Hall 120 Childs, David 123 Bakema, Jaap 33 Botta, Mario 243 Chile 231 Ball, Philip 256n16 Boxtel, Netherlands: Sint Lucas Art Academy 190 China 13, 231, 242 Balmond, Cecil 180, 181, 230, 231 BP 29 Chipperfield, David 64, 99, 101–4, 103, 106, Banham, Reyner 13, 54, 250n21, 251n3 Bramante, Donato 79 111, 117 113 Braque, Georges 84 Chirac, Jacques 71 Casa Batlló (‘the House of Bones’) 22 Brazil (film) 71 CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Santa Caterina Market 189, 190 Breuer, Marcel 82 Moderne) 21, 33 Torre Agbar 233 COPYRIGHTEDBrolin, Brent C. 29 MATERIALCincinnati, Ohio Barcelona Pavilion 21, 181 Brooks, Cleanth 44 Aronoff Center for Design and Art, Baroque 37, 43, 74, 127, 195, 227 Brutalism 43 University of Cincinnati 151 Barth, John 46, 56, 251n5 Buckminster Fuller, Richard 83, 185 Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art Baudelaire, Charles 97 Buffett, Warren 12, 125 174, 175 Bauhaus 21, 24, 43, 101, 183 Bunshaft, Gordon 31, 32 Citic Group 238 Bauman, Zygmunt 157, 214 Burgee, John 81 classicism 60, 69, 71, 84, 87, 10, 40, 42, 55, Bayer, Herbert 24 Burges, William 133 67, 81, 85, 86, 87, 127, 206, 248n2 BBPR 35 Buro Happold 138 Clinton, Bill 122 Beethoven, Ludwig van 183 Buruma, Ian 231 COBE 167 Behnisch, Günter 84 Byker Wall, Newcastle: Social Housing 45 Cologne: St Kolumba church 106, 107, 108 Beijing Columbia University 255n22, 257n1 CCTV Headquarters and Hotel 144, 227, CADG 238, 239 communism 29, 33 230, 231, 238, 247 Calatrava, Santiago 70, 225, 226, 227 Communist Party (China) 227

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268-272-SPM_Index.indd 268 26/07/2011 13:36 Communists 24 Eco, Umberto 46, 56, 79, 251n5, 251n7 226, 248n3 complex adaptive systems (CAS) 117–18, 119 Eco-Tech 130 Gehry, Frank 8, 28, 40, 43, 74, 75, 77, 97, Complexity II 150, 162, 163 Edinburgh 101, 116, 117, 126, 127–29, 134, 138, 152, conceptual art 60 Edinburgh Castle 98 154, 162, 169, 169, 203, 204, 205, 206, Constructivism 175, 205, 231 Greyfriars Church 98 208, 209, 211, 214, 222, 243, 246, 247 Constructivists 71, 251n4 Museum of Scotland 96, 98 General Motors 12, 248n2 Contextual Counterpoint 47 The Scottish Parliament 218, 219, 222, 246 Generic Urbanism 119 Continuous Museum 142 Debating Chamber 220 Giedion, Sigfried 13, 32, 33 Conway, Patricia 196 Egypt: New Library of Alexandria 191, 193, 194 Gilliam, Terry 71 Cook, Peter 171, 203, 243, 257n1 Eisenhower, Dwight D. 30 Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry 71 Coop Himmelb(l)au 43, 222, 223, 247 Eisenman, Peter 106, 137, 150, 152, 157, Glancey, Jonathan 134, 233 Copenhagen: Christiania hippy commune 120 158, 159, 231, 243, 257n1 Glass, Philip 196 Cornell, Joseph 67 Eisenman Architects 151, 155 Glendinning, Miles 203, 257n1 Correa, Charles 241 El Lissitzky 231 Goebbels, Joseph 21, 23, 248n2 Cottbus, Germany: IKMZ BTU Cottbus, Eliot, TS 75, 117, 252n11 Goff, Bruce 105 Information, Communications and Media Emporio Armani 32 Göller, Adolf 32 Centre 192, 193, 196 Empson, William 44 Gombrich, EH 13, 23, 25, 27, 32, 40, 46, Courbet, Gustave: The Painter’s Studio: A Real Enlightenment 157 196, 249n20 Allegory of a Seven Year Phase in my Artistic Enric Miralles EMBT 218 Goodman, Robert 28 and Moral Life 94, 97 Erskine, Ralph 44, 45, 64 Google 12, 53, 123, 162 Couture, Thomas: The Romans of the Euro Disney 120 Gorbachev, Mikhail 33 Decadence 97 European Union 70 Gormley, Antony 211, 212, 243 Cragg, Tony 91 Expressionism 101, 240 Gothic architecture, architects 163, 170, 189, Critical Modernism 91, 101, 117, 125, 139, 255n1 141, 148, 150, 157, 158, 225 Facebook 53 Gough, Piers 257n1 Critical Reconstruction 150 Farrell, Terry 80 Graeco-International Style 33 Critical Regionalists 150 FAT 190, 191, 193 Grahame Shane, David 119–20, 123 Cubism 167 Ferguson, Niall 122 Grassi, Giorgio 101 Cubists 251n4 Filarete (Antonio di Pietro Averlino) 46 Grau 75 Cullinan, Edward 138–39, 138 Fine Arts Commission 214 Graves, Michael 65, 67, 74, 75, 77, 80, 82, Curtis, William 154 FOA (Foreign Office Architects) 154, 184, 83, 84, 98, 243 196, 197, 198, 199 Graves Style 80 Dacca: government centre 40 Ford, Brian 132, 133 Gray, John 26 Daimler-Benz 222 Ford, Henry 46, 162 Graz Kunsthaus 170, 171 Danteum (Terragni) 108 Ford Motor Company 12 Greenberg, Allan 74 Dardi, Costantino 74 Forsyth, Alan 96, 97–98 Grimshaw, Nicholas 154 Darwin, Charles 47, 162 Foster, Lord Norman 82–83, 99, 100, 101, Gropius, Walter 21, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33, 35, Davies, Paul 253n1 123, 137, 139, 142, 154, 156, 156, 159, 99, 181, 242, 245 de Chirico, Giorgio 67, 88, 213 165, 166, 167, 169, 172, 174, 233, 235, Gulf States 245 De Stijl 87 236, 243, 245, 246, 247, 259n24 Guth, Alan 255n6 Deep Ecologists 130 Foster, Wendy 82–83 Deleuze, Gilles 167 Foucault, Michel 119 Habermas, Jürgen 238 Derrida, Jacques 53 Fournier, Colin 171 Hadid, Zaha 168, 174, 175, 203, 216, 243 Detroit, Michigan 162 Frampton, Kenneth 71, 74, 208, 252n11, 257n1 Haeckel, Ernst 185 Dewar, Donald 217, 222 Franco, Francisco 21 Art Forms in Nature 185 Digital Architecture 185 François, Edouard 108, 109, 111, 134, 135, 240 Häring, Hugo 24 Diller, Elizabeth 137 Frank O Gehry & Associates 116 Harrap, Julian 102, 104 , Qatar: Musheireb City Development 91 Harvey, David 53 244, 245 Commerzbank Headquarters 236 Hassan, Ihab 250n23 Döllgast, Hans 104, 104 Frankfurt Fair Hall and Galleria 67–68, 68 Hatshepsut 61 Drop City, Colorado 119, 120 German Architecture Museum 68–69, 69 Havel, Václav 250n24 Duany, Andrés 254n3 Rebstockpark 152 Hawkes, Kitty 82 123, 154, 203, 213 Free-Style Classicism 252n10 Heatherwick, Thomas 211 Burj Al Arab 256n8 Freed, James Ingo 214 Heckscher, August 43–44 12, 202, 203 French ‘Spiderman’ (Alain Robert) 122 Heidegger, Martin 24 The Three Graces 168 Freud, Sigmund 46 Herzog, Jacques 193, 196, 214, 243 Dublin: National Gallery Millennium Wing Fuksas, Massimiliano 171, 172, 172 Herzog & de Meuron 18, 64, 108, 110, 111, 96, 98 Furness, Frank 133 112, 117, 141, 184, 192, 193, 195, 195, Dubrovnik 33 Furtwängler, Wilhelm 24 196, 237, 238, 239, 240, 243, 245, 247 Dunster, Bill 130, 131, 138 heteropolis 125, 127 Düsseldorf: Nordrhein-Westfalen Museum Gans, Herbert 29 heterotopias 119, 119, 120, 123, 125 85, 85 García Márquez, Gabriel 71 High-Tech 9, 10, 59, 87, 88, 120, 129, 133, Garnier, Charles 97, 236 250n27 Eames, Charles 82 Gateshead Hiorns, Roger 186, 188, 189, 189 Early Modernism 56 Angel of the North 211, 212 Hiroshima: Museum of Contemporary Art 91, 93 Eberswalde Technical School Library, Sage Music Centre 166 Hirst, Damien 141, 243 Germany 193, 195, 195, 196 Gaudí, Antonio 22, 23, 70, 113, 138, 208, Hitler, Adolf 21, 23, 24

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268-272-SPM_Index.indd 269 26/07/2011 13:36 Holden, Dr Arun: Computer Model of a Kroll, Lucien 44, 64 Victoria and Albert Museum 225 Virtual Heart 164 : 120 Waterloo Station 154 Holl, Steven 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150 Kuma, Kenga 184 London Oasis 139 Hollein, Hans 44, 56, 59, 74, 91, 92, 97 Kurokawa, Kisho 55, 91, 93, 184 Loos, Adolf 56, 69, 79, 183, 191 Façade of Morphed Columns 78, 79 Los Angeles 125, 127 Hong Kong 141 La Jolla, California: Salk Institute for Biological Disney Concert Hall 208, 209, 210, 246 Hongkong and Bank 82, 83, 236 Studies 8 Getty Museum 154 Walled City of Kowloon 120 LA School of architects 28, 127 Loyola Law School 28 Hopkins, Michael 130 LAB + Bates Smart 177–78, 177, 179 Louisville, Kentucky: Humana Corporation Hugo, Victor 117 Lambert, Phyllis 30 Medical Headquarters 81 Land Art 156, 158 Louviers social housing 134 IBA 66, 67 Las Vegas 54, 55, 123, 213 Lucie-Smith, Edward 250n27 Ibaraki Prefecture: Tsukuba Civic Centre 65 CityCenter 12, 123, 154, 254n7 Luckhardt, Wassili 24 Inflationary Theory of the early universe 255n6 sign artists 251n3 Lutyens, Edwin 43, 56, 191 International Style 21, 22, 30, 40, 44, 79 Late Capitalism 29, 32, 91, 125, 154, 172, Lynn, Greg 165, 167, 255n5, 255–56n7 Isozaki, Arata 55, 65, 74, 91 204, 242, 249n14 Lyotard, Jean-François 53, 55, 56, 79, 84, 87, Israel, Frank 127 Late-Modernism 32, 47, 74, 80, 84, 94, 122, 157, 214, 251n5 Ito, Toyo 148, 148, 150, 154, 180, 181, 182, 123, 124, 242, 249n14, 250n23 184, 256n12 Late-Modernists 82, 129, 154 McDougall, Ian 174 Iturriaga, Carlos 258n3 Laugier, Abbé 68, 165 MacEwen, Malcolm 29 Le Corbusier 12, 20, 21, 23, 26, 27, 31, 32, Mackintosh, Charles Rennie 98 Jacobs, Jane 25, 27–28, 43, 44, 63, 67, 70, 33, 36, 37, 38, 40, 43, 56, 62, 63, 64, 69, McLuhan, Marshall 55, 162, 171, 181, 199, 206 117, 120, 123 71, 85, 98, 102, 134, 137, 142, 148, 150, Madrid: CaixaForum 18, 64, 110, 111, 112, 119 Jakob and Macfarlane 156, 157 165, 177, 181, 203, 204, 245, 246, 251n3 Maekawa, Kunio 70 James Stirling and Partner 85 Ledoux, CN 14 Mailer, Norman 19, 117 Jameson, Fredric 33, 125, 249n14 Lee, CY 121 Manchester: Imperial War Museum North Japan Style 33, 34 Léger, Fernand 251n4 139, 216, 217 Jefferson, Thomas 71 Lehman Brothers 29 Manchester 2005: ‘B of the Bang’ 211 Jencks, Charles front cover 83 Leicester Mandelbrot, Benoît 170 Jensen, Robert 196 De Montfort School of Engineering 132, 133 Mandelbrot Set 170, 181 John McAslan + Partners 244 John Lewis department store 196, 197 Mannerism 37, 43, 98 Johnson, Philip 30, 80, 81 Lever Soap 242 Mariani, Carlo Maria 257n17 Jones, Ed 80 Levit, Robert 184 Marne-la-Vallée, France: Les Espaces Joyce, James 117, 129 Lewis, Gwyneth 219 d’Abraxas, Le Palacio, Le Théâtre, L’Arc Junger, Sebastian 19 Libeskind, Daniel 43, 88, 91, 93, 123, 139, 71, 72 Jussieu library (unbuilt) 141 157, 158, 172, 173, 174, 177, 186, 203, Marx, Karl 91 217, 242–43, 254n7 Masdar City, Abu Dhabi 259n24 Kafka’s Castle (Prague) 70 : Champalimaud Centre for the Maturana, Humberto 256n17 Kahn, Louis 8, 40, 41, 43, 55, 67, 97, 98, 174, Unknown 241 May, Ernst 21 241, 245 Loach, Ken 248n8 Meier, Richard 88, 154 Kahn, Nathaniel 8 London 125 Melbourne Kansai Airport 156 BedZED (Beddington Zero Energy Federation Square 177–78, 177, 179, 186 Kapoor, Anish 91, 167, 168, 169, 211 Development) 130, 131, 133, 138 Storey Hall 176, 177, 186 Kauffman, Stuart 253n1 Broadgate development 80 Mendini, Alessandro 137 Kelvin, Lord 185 City Hall 139 Menger Sponge 144 Keswick, Maggie 82 Covent Garden 25, 120 Mercedes-Benz 12, 222, 225 Kew seedbank (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Department for Energy and Climate Merz, HG 225 Surrey) 211 Change 139 Metabolists 55 Kiefer, Anselm 46, 158 Houses of Parliament 139 MGM Mirage/Dubai World 123 Kiesler, Frederick: Endless House 165 Lloyd’s of London 82 Michael Graves & Associates 65, 81 Kikutake, Kiyonari 54, 55 Millennium Dome 198, 199 Michelangelo 37, 65, 71 Kimbell Art Museum, Texas 40 National Gallery Extension 64, 91, 92 Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig 21, 22, 23, 24, 30, Kipnis, Jeff 165, 255n5, 255n7 Peckham Library 193 31, 120, 129, 137, 142, 144, 171, 181, 206, Klein, Calvin 32 Playboy Club 32 242, 250n21 Klenze, Leo von 104 Ravensbourne 196, 198, 199 Koetter, Fred 84 Royal Academy 46 New Milan Trade Fair 171–72, 171, 172 Koolhaas, Rem 68, 74, 75, 88, 119, 123, 134, St Paul’s Cathedral 233, 236 Torre Velasca 35 140, 141–42, 143, 144, 148, 150, 168, 193, School of Slavonic and East European Milk (film) 59 213, 227, 228, 230, 231, 238, 243, 245, Studies 132 Milk, Harvey 59 246, 247, 254n3, 256n8, 259n24 Seizure 186, 188, 189, 189 Millennium Commission 216 Koolhaas, Rem and Vriesendorp, Madelon: Serpentine Pavilion (2002) 180, 181, 183 Minimalism 31, 32, 56, 71, 99, 122, 137, The City of the Captive Globe 45 Serpentine Pavilion (2008) 126, 127 172, 242 Koons, Jeff 56, 243 Sir John Soane’s Museum 98 Minimalist Modernism 251n3 Kramer, Hilton 60 Straw Bale House 128, 129 Minimalists 127, 256n8 Krier, Léon 44, 64, 67, 69–70, 74, 75, 77, 80, Swiss Re Tower 233, 234, 235, 236, 246 Miralles, Enric 189, 218, 219, 220, 222, 246 111, 119, 253n3 Tate Gallery 91 MIT Cambridge: Stata Center 127–28, 127 Krier, Robert 44, 67, 253n3 Thornton Heath building 193 MLTW 45

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268-272-SPM_Index.indd 270 26/07/2011 13:36 Modena Cemetery 66, 67 12, 123, 203, 204 Plater-Zyberk, Elizabeth 254n3 Modena Cemetery as archetypal city 45 Greenwich Village 25, 27, 120 Plato 23, 184 Modern Classicism 11 IAC Building 126, 128–29 Platonism 30, 63, 67, 68, 185, 186, 187, 254n3 Modern Movement, Modernism 9, 11, 12, Jazz at Lincoln Center theaters 123 pluralism 29, 40, 45, 46, 53–54, 74, 75, 84, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 27, 30, 32, 33, 37, 43, 31, 32 117, 127, 240, 245 44, 46, 47, 68, 71, 79, 80, 82, 87, 111, (MoMA) 32, 43, Poissy, France: Villa Savoye 20 113, 116, 141, 142, 157, 163, 170, 174, 55, 56, 251n4 Polke, Sigmar 46 178, 181, 183, 191, 193, 204, 211, 214, Four Seasons Restaurant 30 Polshek, James 214, 216 216, 238, 240, 243, 245, 248n2, 249n10, Pan Am Building 31, 32 Pop Art 34, 40, 53, 54, 56, 67, 74, 208, 219, 249n14, 249n20, 250n24 32 227, 231 Modernists 24, 25, 26, 37, 40, 56, 59, 62, 64, 123 Pop Gothic 191 67, 68, 74, 80, 82, 83, 85, 99, 101, 102, 31, 120 Popper, Karl 23, 25, 30, 46, 63 111, 117, 137, 138, 165, 203, 242, 245, Time Warner Center 123, 124, 125 Porphyrios, Demetri 70 251n4, 256n13 Time-Life Building 32 Porsche 222 Moholy-Nagy, László 23, 82 Twin Towers 211 Portland, Oregon, Portland Building (Portland Moholy-Nagy, Sibyl 23–24 World Trade Center 29 Public Services Building) 65, 80, 81, 82, 84 Mönchengladbach Museum 91, 92 Newcastle: Maggie Centre 139 Porto, Portugal: Casa da Música 144, 227, Mondrian, Piet 46 Niemeyer, Oscar 37 228, 229, 246 Moneo, Rafael 91 Nietzsche, Friedrich 46 Portoghesi, Paolo 44, 74, 75, 79, 99, 252n11 Monticello (Charlottesville, Virginia) 71 Nolli, Giambattista 62, 64, 67, 84 Portzamparc, Christian de 134 Montpellier, France Norberg-Schulz, Christian 74 Post-Cubism 80 Montpellier Flats 134, 135 Nouvel, Jean 136, 137, 137, 233, 243 Post-Modern Classicism 47, 75, 79, 80 La Place du Nombre d’Or 72 NOX 168 Post-Modern Evolutionary Tree 47, 48–49 Moore, Charles 33, 34, 44, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, Poundbury, Dorchester, Dorset 254n3 63, 64, 67, 68, 74, 80, 82, 127, 183, 189, Obama, Barach 59 Prada 184 204, 256n13 O’Doherty, Brian (alias Patrick Ireland) 181, Prigogine, Ilya 253n1 supergraphics and the personal collection 45 256n11 Prix, Wolf 222, 243 Moore, Henry 63, 91 OMA (Office for Metropolitan Architecture) Prop Art 63 Morandi, Giorgio 127 75, 77, 140, 259n24 Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph 97 Morphosis 28, 127 Op Art 211 PTW 187 Morris, William 32 Otterlo 33 Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore 133 Morrison, Graham 257n1 Otto, Frei 185 Purini, Franco 74 Moses, Robert 27 Mosher, Colin 241 Pan Am 31 Queen Anne Revival 133 Moss, Eric Owen 28, 127, 129 Pan American World Airways 242 mossessian & partners 244 Panofsky, Erwin 164, 242, 255n1 Radical Eclecticism 47, 54, 55, 60, 74, 111, 177 Moussavi, Farshid 184, 189, 196 Paris 75, 97, 102 Raggatt, Howard 174 Mumford, Lewis 30, 32 City of Fashion and Design 157 Rak Gateway Project () 245 Munich 88 École des Beaux-Arts 33 Rational Architecture 70 Alte Pinakothek 104, 104 80, 211 Rationalists 37, 256n13 BMW Welt 222, 223 Flower Tower 134, 135, 137 Rauch, John 75 Glyptothek 104, 104 Fondation Cartier 137, 137 Reactionary Modernism 21, 23, 248n5 Murray, Peter 257n1 Les Halles 71 Reagan, Ronald 257n1 Mussolini, Benito 21, 23 Hotel Fouquet 108, 109, 111 Renaissance 43, 46, 74, 98, 111 Musée d’Orsay 75, 94, 95 Revisionism 33 National Socialist architecture 248n2 Musée du quai Branly 136, 137 RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architects) 105, Nazis 23, 24, 25, 144, 158 Opera House 94, 97, 236 106, 227 Neo-Classical style 35 213 Richter, Gerhard 46 Neo-Gothic 133 Pompidou Centre 47, 204, 250n27 RMJM 218 Neo-Medieval style 35 Pater, Walter 195 Rococo 152 New Chinese Architecture 99 Paulson, Hank 29 Rogers, Lord (Richard) 26, 47, 82, 103, 111, 129 New Haven, Connecticut Pei, IM 99, 99, 101, 243 Romanesque 208 Yale Center for British Art 40, 41, 43 Pelli, Cesar 120, 123, 124 Rome 65, 69 Yale Dormitories 34 Penrose, Roger 176, 177, 178, 186, 196, 198 Colisseum 238 New Orleans, Louisiana 56, 60 Perez Architects 58 Hadrian’s Villa 64 Piazza d’Italia 56, 58, 59, 189, 204 Perret, Auguste 256n13 Map of Rome (Nolli) 62, 64, 67, 84 New Rationalism 69 Pertchtoldsdorf, Austria 56 Piazza San Pietro, Triangular Civic New Urbanism 119, 253–54n3 Pevsner, Nikolaus 21, 23, 30, 32, 37, 46, 203, Building 70 New Urbanists 138 250n21, 257n1 Trevi Fountain 59 City 125 Phelan, Robert 186, 187 Ronan Point collapse (Newham, east London) 26 30 Philae island 102 Ronchamp Chapel, France (Chapel of Nôtre AT&T Building 80, 81 Piano, Renzo 47, 139, 156 Dame du Haut) 37, 38–39, 40, 56, 119, Brooklyn Museum 60 Picasso, Pablo 84, 251n4 165, 203, 204, 246 Sackler Center for Feminist Art 60 Pinochet, General 231 Rosenthal, Norman 46 Tower 124 Pioneers of the Modern Movement 23, 30 Rossi, Aldo 40, 44, 45, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 74, 12 Piranesi, Giovanni Battista 70 76, 80, 81, 88, 105 Downtown Athletic Club 144 Plateau, Joseph 185 Rothschild family 97

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268-272-SPM_Index.indd 271 26/07/2011 13:36 Rotterdam: Kunsthal 141 Spuybroek, Lars 165, 166, 167, 168, 174 Venice 55, 88, 245 Rowe, Colin 26, 64, 84 Stalin, Joseph 21, 23 Corderie d’Arsenale 74, 75 Ruff, Thomas 193, 195 Stannard, David 258n8 Piazza San Marco 245 Ruskin, John 102, 216 Stern, Robert 44, 55, 70, 74, 75, 252n11 Strada Novissima 74, 75 Ruskinians 184 Stewart, Ian 253n1 Il Teatro del Mondo 74, 76 Rykwert, Joseph 13 Stewart, Martha 141 Venice Biennale 74–75, 76, 77, 78, 79 Stimmann, Hans 88 Venturi, Robert 28, 40, 42, 43–44, 54–55, 64, Saadiyat Island Museum, Abu Dhabi 243, Stirling, James 9, 10, 40, 55, 64, 79, 82, 68, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82, 91, 92, 103, 245, 256n8 84–85, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 91, 98, 103, 171, 111, 117, 162, 163, 165, 167, 169, 184, Saarinen, Eero 33, 34 199, 240, 250n21 219, 225, 242, 243, 251n3, 253n20 Sacramento, California: Notch Project 55 Stüler, Friedrich August 101, 103 Venturi Scott Brown 91 St Louis, Missouri: Social Housing, Pruitt-Igoe Stuttgart 64, 79 Vienna 71 26–27, 27, 29, 63 History Museum below the Music School Austrian Travel Agency 56, 57 Saint Quentin-en-Yvelines, France: Les 89 Viñoly, Rafael 123 Arcades du Lac 71, 73 Mercedes-Benz Museum 222, 224, 225 Volkswagen 222 Saint-Dié, France: Plan for Saint-Dié City Neue Staatsgalerie 9, 10, 84, 85, 87, 88, Vreeland, Tim 251n3 Centre 62 89, 98, 199 Vriesendorp, Madelon front cover 14, 15, 45, 59, 75, 120 Sudjic, Deyan 203, 233, 257n1 173, 210 San Gimignano 133 Summerson, John 27, 240, 248–49n10, Sand, Georges 97 259n21 Wachendorf: Bruder Klaus Field Chapel 105, 105 Santa Fe Institute 117, 162 Superstudio 254n3 Wagner, Otto 56 Santa Monica, California Surrealism 75 Walden-7 (Sant Just Desvern, near Barcelona) Chiat Day Mojo Office 116, 127 Surrealists 251n4 70–71 Gehry House 126 Suzhou Museum, Jiangsu Province, China 99, Walesa, Lech 240n24 Sant’Elia, Antonio 23, 248n3 99, 101 Walker, Reverend Robert 221 Santiago de Compostela: City of Culture of Opera House 203, 204, 219 Wall Street (film) 236 Galicia 152, 153, 154, 155 Warhol, Andy 108, 195 Schinkel, Karl Friedrich 23, 87 TAC 35 Washington DC 69, 159 Schnabel, Julian 46 Tagliabue, Benedetta 189, 219 Holocaust Memorial Museum 214 Schultze-Naumburg, Paul 24 Taichung Metropolitan Opera House, National Museum of the American Indian Schwarzenegger, Arnold 59 148, 149 159, 214, 215, 219, 258n8 Scofidio, Ricardo 137 , Taiwan 121, 123 Smithsonian Institution 214 Scott Brown, Denise 55, 75, 251n3 Taipei Financial Center, Taiwan 120, 122 Weaire, Denis 186, 187 Scully, Vincent 13, 43, 64, 74 Takeyama, Minoru 52, 54, 55 Weimar Bauhaus 24, 26 Sea Ranch, California 35 Taller de Arquitectura 73 Welsh National Opera 216 Seagram Corporation 30 Tange, Kenzo 33, 34 West 8 122, 123 Seagram Whiskey 242 Taylor, Charles 29, 53 Westminster Council 25 Seaside, Florida 70, 254n3 Team X 33, 40, 44, 67 White Cube 181, 187 Seattle Art Museum 91, 92 Terragni, Giuseppe 108 Wiedemann, Josef 104, 104 Seattle Public Library 140, 141–42, 193 Thompson, D’Arcy 185 Wigglesworth, Sarah 128, 129, 130 Second Empire style 108 Tigerman, Stanley 55 Wikipedia 213, 243 Sejima, Kazuyo 184 Wilde, Oscar 21 Sekler, Eduard 13 Ni-Ban-Kahn 52, 54 Wilford, Michael 10, 84, 86, 88, 89, 90, 216 Sert, Josep Lluís 33 Olympic Stadium 34 Wilford Schupp 89 Shanghai 125 Tod’s 182, 183, 184 Wines, James 56 120, 121, 122, 123 Toomey, John 25 WMAP 167 Shanghai Museum project 99 Toronto 125, 127 Wolfe, Tom 54, 251n3 Shanghai Expo 2010 211 The Crystal, extension to the Royal Woodman, Ellis 102 Shawcross, Conrad 211 Ontario Museum 172, 173, 174, 186, Woods, Shadrach 33 Shelter 248n8 242–43 World Wide Web 53, 117 Shibam, Yemen 245, 259n24 ‘totalitarian style’ 23, 248n3 World’s Fair (Brussels, 1935): German Pavilion Short, Alan 130, 132, 133, 134 Transavanguardia 46 23 SITE (Sculpture in the Environment) 55, 56 Tresham, Thomas 60 Wright, Frank Lloyd 129, 141, 204, 215 Sjenzhen, China 254n3 Triangular Lodge 60 Wright, Tom 256n8 Smith, Adam 162 Twitter 123 Smith, Adrian 122, 202 Xanadu (Calpe, Alicante) 70 Smith, Thomas Gordon 74 UN Studio 222, 224 Smithson, Alison and Peter 33 Ungers, Oswald Mathias 67–69, 68, 69, 70, Yale Center for British Art 97 Snohetta Hamza Consortium 194 71, 74, 141, 254n3 Yamasaki, Minoru 27 Solidarity Movement 250n24 ‘universal style’ 23, 248n3 Yeang, Ken 138 SOM Chicago 122, 202 Urban Planning Aid 28 Yokohama 154 SOM (Skidmore Owings and Merrill) 31, 59, urbanism 63, 64, 67, 70, 71, 138, 148 Yonaga: Tokoen Hotel 55 80, 120, 121, 122, 123 Sontag, Susan 111 van Berkel, Ben 222, 225 Zaera-Polo, Alejandro 199 Soros, George 12, 125 Van Eyck, Aldo 33, 45, 64 Zevi, Bruno 74 Spacelab Cook-Fournier 170 Varela, Francisco 256n17 Zumthor, Peter 105–6, 105, 107, 108, 111, 117 Speer, Albert 84 Vasari, Giorgio 46 Zwolle, Netherlands: Social Housing 45

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