WIND ENERGY

Market overview of wind turbines

In the market is currently growing very fast. The photo shows the Fos sur Mer , erected Last year the world market for once again grew in April 2006 in the industrial harbour at Marseille. Photo: strongly. It’s not just the big players, but also the small manufacturers which are profi ting from this, and companies cording to fi gures from BTM Consult, , rose from and are climbing the rankings. from 8,513 MW (2004) to 16,003 MW (2006). Among the top ten in the world rankings, the Indian manufacturer rose to fi fth place and the Chinese company joined the top ten of leading man- ufacturers for the fi rst time last year. The Danish manu- he market is growing and growing – and things facturer remains the market leader by a large are not about to change, because the three driv- margin, followed by a trio (Gamesa, GE Energy, ) ing elements of the market will be lasting ones: with approx. 15 % market share each, and a twosome fi rstly the rising price of fossil fuels, secondly the (Suzlon, Siemens) with about half of this (see table 1). worldwide growth in electricity demand and Somewhat behind these come the two German compa- T thirdly the continuing advancements in wind power nies Nordex und Repower, (Spain) and the new- technology. These are the main arguments for rapidly comer Goldwind. expanding wind power use worldwide. Transition countries with a strongly growing de- Concentrating on the best-sellers mand for electricity, which are looking for alternatives to coal and gas-fi red power stations, can most quickly As the table on page 158/159 shows, the market leaders close the supply gap with wind power. Building hydro- are concentrating on selling as many units as possible electric plants takes a long time (and is only possible in with just a few turbine types. Vestas has for years a few regions), and photovoltaics are not yet up to this. achieved a majority of its sales with the best-sellers V52 Wind turbines are now technically mature and are pro- (850 kW) and V80 (2,000 kW). It is a very similar story at ducing electricity ever more cheaply. The world market Gamesa. For the Spanish manufacturer the dominance was able to almost double in size in two years, and ac- of its 850 kW is much stronger, however. At the begin-

156 Sun & Wind Energy 2/2007 4.30 P.M. THE RHONE VALLEY, SOUTHERN FRANCE. BEAUCAIRE WIND FARM. USING A GREAT DEAL OF EXPERT- ISE AND PROVEN TECHNOLOGY, THE LOCALS HARVEST RED SYRAH, WHITE GRENACHE AND GREEN ELECTRICITY.

In one of the world’s top wine-growing regions, great importance is attached to preserving natural surround- ings to ensure a perfect “environnement”: efficient, powerful and with a proven track record in over world- wide 400 installations, five Nordex N90/2500 turbines are generating clean electricity here. In 2006 alone, Nordex installed 270 MW of new wind power capacity in France. Sophisticated and reliable products for the grow- Nordex AG, Bornbarch 2, 22848 Norderstedt, ing worldwide wind market. www.nordex-online.com Phone +49 40 50098-100, Fax +49 40 50098-101 WIND ENERGY

Type Capacity Rotor Area Hub height SP Installed kW m m² m W/m² units Acciona AW 70/1500 1,500 70.0 3,855 80 389 25 Acciona AW 77/1500 1,500 77.0 4,616 80 325 551 Liberty 2,500 89.0 6,221 80 402 n/a *a Dewind D4/46 600 46.0 1,662 70 361 46 Dewind D4/48 600 48.0 1,810 70 331 227 ning of the year there were a total of 4,757 Gamesa G52 Dewind D6/62 1,000 62.0 3,019 65 331 136 and G58 turbines on the grid worldwide. GE Energy Dewind D6/64 1,250 64.0 3,217 92 389 104 is still concentrating on a single turbine type – with Dewind D8/80 2,000 80.0 5,027 100 398 43 success, for the 1.5 MW turbine had been installed over Dewind D8.2 2,000 80.0 5,027 100 398 1 5,600 times by the beginning of the year and is thus the highest-selling turbine of its power class. Ecotècnia 62 1,300 62.0 3,019 80 431 13 Enercon is an exception and has fi ve diff erent tur- Ecotècnia 74 1,670 74.0 4,301 80 388 315 bine types on off er above 600 kW. Their range is actual- Ecotècnia 80/1.6 1,670 80.0 5,027 70 332 101 ly even greater than shown in table 2. Below 600 kW Ecotècnia 80/2.0 2,000 80.0 5,027 70 398 0 there is also the E-33 (330 kW), recently joined by the Ecotècnia 100 3,000 100.0 7,854 90 382 0 E-20 (10 kW), which is still in the test phase, however. The worldwide most powerful turbine also comes from Enercon E-44 900 44.0 1,521 55 592 7 Enercon. Although the E-112 (either 4.5 or 6 MW) has Enercon E-48 800 48.0 1,810 76 442 1,004 now been withdrawn, an even larger turbine is in the Enercon E-53 800 52.9 2,198 73 364 3 offi ng. The fi rst E-126 is due to be installed shortly. With Enercon E-70 2,300 71.0 3,959 113 581 1,382 *b a rotor diameter of 126 m it equals the Repower 5M, but Enercon E-82 2,000 82.0 5,281 138 379 50 is expected to generate 6 MW, i.e. 20 % more than the 5M. None of the other top-ten manufacturers has al- Fuhrländer FL 600 600 50.0 1,963 75 306 27 lowed itself such a wide spectrum of wind turbines in its Fuhrländer FL 1000 1,000 54.0 2,290 70 437 105 range. Fuhrländer FL 1250 1,250 54.0 2,290 85 546 0 *c The Indian manufacturer Suzlon, thanks to the huge Fuhrländer FL 1500 1,500 70.0 3,848 65 390 13 demand on its home market, moved up to fi fth place in Fuhrländer FL MD 70 1,500 70.0 3,848 85 390 41 the rankings last year. The company has made a lot of money in the last few years and is now theoretically in Fuhrländer FL MD 77 1,500 77.0 4,657 100 322 110 a position to buy up one of the other top ten compa- Fuhrländer FL 2500 2,500 90.0 6,362 160 393 2 *d nies. Currently Suzlon is trying to outbid the French nu- Gamesa G52 850 52.0 2,124 74 400 2,406 clear power company , who has made a bid for Re- Gamesa G58 850 58.0 2,642 71 322 2,351 power. If they succeed, Suzlon wants to try and work Gamesa G80 2,000 80.0 5,027 100 398 321 the European market more strongly with the help of Re- power, and as a result climb to third place in the long Gamesa G87 2,000 87.0 5,945 100 336 495 term. Gamesa G90 2,000 90.0 6,362 100 314 180 But Siemens is also growing strongly. Their turnover GE Energy 1.5s/se 1,500 70.5 3,904 100 384 2,150 has risen more strongly than the market in the last two GE Energy 1.5sl/sle 1,500 77.0 4,657 100 322 3,453 years (from 507 to 1,103 MW) and is benefi tting prima- GE Energy 1.5xle 1,500 82.5 5,346 100 281 1 rily from the worldwide sales network which the Ger- GE Energy 2.5xl 2,500 100.0 7,854 100 318 1 man electrical engineering trust possesses. Last year Siemens Wind Power was able to make signifi cant gains Goldwind S43/600 kW 600 43.0 1,452 50 413 n/a especially in Great Britain and the USA and is present on Goldwind S48/750 kW 750 49.0 1,886 60 398 n/a almost all the other wind power markets. Goldwind 62/1200 kW 1,200 62.0 3,019 70 397 n/a Places seven and eight in the ranking are held by the Goldwind 70/1500 kW 1,500 70.5 3,904 85 384 n/a two somewhat smaller companies Nordex and Repower. Remarks: Both were able to profi t from the home market for *a Clipper Liberty: also available with diameters *c Fuhrländer FL 1250: installations are planned for 2007 quite a time, but now that this is shrinking both are of 93, 96 and 99 m *d Fuhrländer FL 2500: also available with diameters of *b Enercon E-70: fi gure including turbines with 80 and 100 m turning more vigorously towards the rest of the Europe- 2,000 kW capacity an market – with success. Last year Nordex had an ex- port share of 79 %, Repower 59 %. Table 2: Technical data of wind turbines (more than 600 kW): capacity, rotor diameter, The Spanish manufacturer Acciona is not yet this far swept area, maximum hub height, specifi c power (SP, that is the power per m2 of swept – strictly speaking it is a materials and infrastructure area), and the number of turbines installed (track record) company that equips airports, for example, and it only Update: 1 Jan 2007; Source: manufacturers’ instruction

158 Sun & Wind Energy 2/2007 WIND ENERGY

Supplier Country MW Share Vestas Denmark 4,239 28.2 % Gamesa Spain 2,346 15.6 % GE Energy USA 2,326 15.5 % Enercon Germany 2,316 15.4 % Suzlon India 1,157 7.7 % Siemens Germany 1,103 7.3 % Nordex Germany 505 3.4 % Repower Germany 480 3.2 %

Type Capacity Rotor Area Hub height SP Installed Acciona Spain 426 2.8 % kW m m² m W/m² units Goldwind China 416 2.8 % Mitsubishi MWT 57/1.0 1,000 57.0 2,550 69 392 n/a Table 1: The top ten of the market: Mitsubishi MWT 62/1.0 1,000 61.4 2,960 69 338 n/a installed capacity and market shares in 2006 Mitsubishi MWT 92/2.4 2,400 92.0 6,647 100 361 n/a Source: BTM Consult Multibrid M5000 5,000 116.0 10,568 102 473 2 Nordex N 60 1300 60.0 2,828 69 460 686 *e got involved in wind power through the takeover of the Spanish company EHN. Although the newcomer Nordex S 70 1,500 70.0 3,848 115 390 418 jumped straight in at ninth place in the rankings, it is Nordex S 77 1,500 77.0 4,657 112 322 } relatively highly dependent on the home market and its Nordex N 80 2,500 80.0 5,026 105 497 export share is quite small: just 12 %. Nordex N 90 2,300 90.0 6,362 105 362 366 *f Goldwind manages to get by with no exports at all. Nordex N 90 2,500 90.0 6,362 105 393 } Last year the company manufactured 416 MW, sold ex- Repower MD 77 1,500 77.0 4,657 112 322 455 clusively on the home market. Goldwind is thus the market leader in China with a market share of 31 %. Repower MM 70 2,000 70.0 3,850 80 519 58 Repower MM 82 2,000 82.0 5,281 100 379 299 Ever-growing diversity Repower MM 92 2,000 92.5 6,720 100 298 20 Repower 5M 5,000 126.0 12,469 120 401 4 As table 2 shows, two power classes dominate the mar- Siemens SWT-1.3-62 1,300 62.0 3,019 90 431 1,321 ket: 800 to 900 kW and 1.5 to 2 MW. The market leaders are accordingly strong in these classes, but given the Siemens SWT-2.3-82 2,300 82.4 5,333 100 431 502 strong demand newcomers also have a chance here, Siemens SWT-2.3-82 VS 2,300 82.4 5,333 100 431 24 and the diversity is growing from year to year. The table Siemens SWT-2.3-93 2,300 93.0 6,793 103 339 277 lists 18 manufacturers with a total of 74 diff erent tur- Siemens SWT-3.6-107 3,600 107.0 8,992 80 400 13 bine types. Ultimately it is not the rated power of a turbine Suzlon S52-600 kW 600 52.0 2,124 75 282 105 which is important for an investor, but the energy yield. *g Suzlon S64-1.25 MW 1,250 64.0 3,218 74 388 507 For this, the relationship between the rated power and Suzlon S66-1.25 MW 1,250 66.0 3,421 74 365 455 the swept area is important. A 2 MW wind turbine with Suzlon S70-1.25 MW 1,250 70.0 3,848 74 325 443 an 80 m rotor diameter will have a higher yield at a low- Suzlon S82-1.5 MW 1,500 82.0 5,281 80 284 7 wind location than a 2.3 MW turbine with a 71 m rotor, for example. The specifi c power (SP) is thus also listed in Suzlon S88-2.1 MW 2,100 88.0 6,082 80 345 6 *h the table. The higher the power per unit of rotor area, *i Vensys 62 1,200 62.0 3,019 69 397 8 the more wind is required by the turbine to reach its rat- Vensys 70 1,500 70.0 3,848 85 390 0 *k ed power and achieve a high yield, i.e. high SP turbines Vensys 77 1,500 77.0 4,657 85 322 0 *k require high wind sites. ✹ Vestas V52-850 kW 850 52.0 2,124 86 400 1,891 Detlef Koenemann Stefan Trojek Vestas V80-2.0 MW 2,000 80.0 5,027 100 398 1,778 Vestas V90-2.0 MW 2,000 90.0 6,362 125 314 501 Reference: International Wind . World Market Update 2006. *l Vestas V90-3.0 MW 3,000 90.0 6,362 105 472 300 BTM Consult, DK-6950 Ringkøbing, March 2007, www.btm.dk Winwind WWD-1/64 1,000 64.0 3,215 70 311 24 *m Further information: Winwind WWD-3/90 3,000 90.0 6,359 100 472 11 *n Acciona: www.acciona-energia.com Multibrid: www.multibrid.com Clipper: www.clipperwind.com Nordex: www.nordex.de Remarks: Dewind: www.eunrg.com Repower: www.repower.de *e *k including Nordex N 62 with 62 m rotor diameter so far installed 3 x Vensys 70 and 2 x Vensys 77 Ecotècnia: www.ecotecnia.com Siemens: www.siemens.com/ *f Nordex N 90: 120 m hub height possible (by 30 April 2007) Enercon: www.enercon.de powergeneration/windpower *g Suzlon S64: so far installed 483 x 1,250 kW and *l Vestas V90-3.0 MW: 125 m hub height possible 24 x 950 kW *m Winwind WWD-1: fi gure including turbines with Fuhrländer: www.fuhrlaender.de Suzlon: www.suzlon.com *h Suzlon S88: so far installed 2 x 2,100 kW, 1 x 2,000 kW 56 and 60 m rotor Gamesa: www.gamesa.de Vensys: www.vensys.de and 3 x1,800 kW *n Winwind WWD-3: fi gure including turbines with GE Energy: www.gewindenergy.com Vestas: www.vestas.de *i also available: Vensys 64 with 64 m rotor diameter 100 m rotor Goldwind: www.goldwind.cn/en/ Winwind: www..fi Mitsubishi: www.mhi.co.jp/

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