July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20911 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE SOLARZ VISION Pact has dissolved, the cold war has ended, cause events in faraway places required us to and we won the war in the Gulf, all on the pay an enormous price in blood and treasure. watch of this Administration, it is doubtful This is what happened as a result of a shot HON. BILL RICHARDSON the American people will conclude that in Sarajevo in 1914. OF NEW MEXICO President Bush is incompetent when it This is what happened as a result of a dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES comes to the management of American for­ pute over Danzig in 1939. eign policy. This is what happened as a result of a Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Our strategic objective as a party, there­ thrust toward Pusan in 1950. Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, one of our fore, should be to neutralize ioreign policy as This is what happened as a result of an in­ Nation's premier foreign policy experts re­ a cutting edge issue, in orde!' to focus atten­ cident at Pleiku in 1965. cently addressed a gathering of Democrats in tion to our continuing domestic problems, And this is what happened as a result of where we have a significant advantage over the battle for Bubiyan in 1990. Wisconsin with his thoughts on where we are the Republicans. What these distant and obscure place today and his visions of where our party and And when it comes to his virtually non-ex­ names suggest is that events thousands of our Nation are headed in the months and istent domestic agenda, President Bush, as miles from our shores, remote from the con­ years ahead. Our colleague STEPHEN SOLARZ, Winston Churchill said of Clement Attlee, is cerns of most Americans, have a way of in­ the renowned chairman of the Subcommittee "a modest man, with much to be modest truding into American lives and even caus­ on Asian and Pacific Affairs, is a modern-day about." ing American deaths. statesman who in his speech in Milwaukee so In order to shift the focus of the national A policy of neo-isolationism, which blindly eloquently explained the challenges facing debate on to domestic issues, we will first denies this geopolitical reality, will ulti­ have to be seen by the American people as mately make it more likely that we will both Democrats and our Nation. advocating a foreign policy which is rooted once again find ourselves drawn into con­ Clearly, Mr. SOLARZ' constituents in New in reality, which resonates with our values, flicts we might otherwise have avoided. York benefit greatly by his invigorating service and which is reflective of our interests. Nor is the option of creating and maintain­ in the House. But we, too, profit from his In policy terms, we must convince the ing a Pax Americana-where we garrison House service and the wisdom he shares with American people that, even after the end of troops all over the world, ready at a mo­ all of us. the cold war, we recognize that we live in an ment's notice to rush off to singlehandedly I urge my colleagues to read his insightful unsafe and uncertain world, and that ethnic quell rebellions and contain aggression-a comments about our party and our Nation conflicts, religious rivalries, irredentist am­ real or a desirable possib111ty either. bitions, and acts of terrorism can all gen­ Notwithstanding our victory in the cold which follow: erate unexpected challenges to important war, we have neither the economic resources REMARKS BY HON. STEPHEN SOLARZ American interests. nor the political will to sustain a policy of Over the course of the last two years, we We must convince the American people we unilateralism over the long haul. have witnessed a series of events that have recognize that a strong defense is a nec­ The role of global policeman is one the literally reshaped the history of the world. essary condition for the protection of our American people do not seek and will not ac­ From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in most vital interests. cept. the Adriatic, the iron curtain has ascended Last year's budget agreement-crafted by, Yet, if being the solitary sheriff for the all across Europe. among others, your own Les Aspin-will re­ whole world is not a role the American peo­ The Warsaw Pact has collapsed. sult in a 25 percent or $130 billion reduction ple are likely to embrace with enthusiasm, Marxism-Leninism has been discredited as in previously planned defense expenditures they are perfectly prepared, as we saw in the a model for nation-building throughout the over the next five years, meaning that by Gulf, to support a policy of collective secu­ Third World. 1995, defense spending will constitute only 3.5 rity in which our country serves as the head The threat of Soviet aggression and a nu­ percent of our GNP, its lowest level in half a of an international posse attempting to clear holocaust has greatly diminished. century. bring regional bandits to justice. And we have waged and won a war in the So while we may be able to squeeze a bit Half a century ago, Franklin Roosevelt and Gulf that demonstrated the international more from the Pentagon-perhaps by further the other leaders of the wartime alliance community is prepared to act collectively to reducing the level of our troop strength in dreamed of a world in which the inter­ uphold the sanctity of existing national bor­ Europe or scaling back the Star Wars pro­ national community enforced the peace ders. gram-it would be strategically imprudent through collective action. What are the implications of these devel­ and politically unwise for us to call for addi­ Now that the cold war is over, we have the opments for both our party and our country? tional major reductions in the defense budg­ opportunity to fulfill that dream. For the party, I believe it is fair to say et. The Gulf crisis demonstrated that it is now that we are not likely to win the 1992 elec­ We must also convince the American peo­ possible to get the Soviet Union and the tion on foreign policy. ple we recognize that collective security, other members of the Security Council to But we could very easily lose the presi­ rather than a retreat into neoisolationism or work with us instead of against us. dential election on foreign policy. an attempt to enforce a Pax Americana, is The United Nations wasn't paralyzed. I do not mean to suggest that the Adminis­ the best way to preserve the peace. And the principle of collective inter­ tration is immune to criticism when it And finally, we must convince the Amer­ national action against regional aggressors comes to the management of our affairs ican people we recognize that collective se­ was dramatically strengthened. abroad. curity can work only if American leadership Throughout this process, American leader­ It can clearly be criticized for its indiffer­ makes it work. ship was absolutely essential. ent response to the butchery in Beijing. Now that the cold war is over and the So­ Had we not been willing to take the lead in It can legitimately be condemned for its viet Union no longer poses a serious threat mobilizing an international coalition against opposition to sanctions against Iraq before to our physical security, we may be tempted the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, Saddam would the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. to assume that we can cease worrying about still be in possession of what he arrogantly It can fairly be faulted for its failure to fol­ getting dragged into overseas conflicts. characterized as the 19th province of Iraq. low through, after the war was over, when But it would be a serious mistake to at­ If, in the future, we simply walk away the Iraqi people, in response to our urging, tempt to avoid the messy complexities of the from our responsibilities, as we did after rose up against Saddam, and we did virtually world by trying to hide behind an illusory World War I, the very idea of collective secu­ nothing to help them against the tanks and shield of neo-isolationism. rity and international action will fall apart. helicopters of the remaining divisions in Such a policy would serve the interests of And we will pay the price. Saddam's murderous military machine. neither our party nor our country. But if we are prepared to take up the bur­ But let us be honest with ourselves. We must not forget that hundreds of thou­ den of leadership, as we did after World War In view of the fact that communism has sands of American lives were lost, and hun­ TI, it should be possible to mob111ze inter­ collapsed in Eastern Europe, the Warsaw dreds of billions of dollars were spent, be- national coalitions capable of resisting those

•This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 20912 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 who would wantonly invade their neighbors, Ten babies die in the United States for build a strong economy and a compassionate thereby determining aggression in the first every 1,000 live births, a shamefully high in­ society here at home. place. fant mortality rate that places us behind 18 It will require a President and a political There is one further message the Demo­ other countries around the world. party that believes that government is part cratic party must convey to the American One American adult in four is functionally of the solution rather than part of the prob­ people if we are to convince them that we illiterate, whereas in Germany, Japan, and lem. can be trusted with the responsib111ty of South Korea, adult literacy is close to 99 per­ Historically, if the Democratic party has managing our foreign and national security cent. stood for any one idea or concept, it has policy. Nearly 29 percent of all U.S. high school stood for a willingness and a commitment to We must demonstrate that we recognize students leave school before graduating, mobilize the human and financial resources that while force should always be a last re­ compared with a dropout rate in Japan of lit­ of government to tackle precisely the types sort, " last" is not the same as "never," and tle more than one percent. of social and economic problems that threat­ that there are times when war is not only Similarly, much of the physical infrastruc­ en to undermine our national security in the justified but necessary. ture of our nation is outmoded or overbur­ century to come. This is, of course, a lesson we have learned dened. To be sure, the economic future of the from our own history. Thirty-five percent of the country's inter­ United States will depend primarily on the Had it not been for the Revolutionary War, state highway system has outlived its design efforts and energies and entrepreneurial cre­ we would not have won our independence. life, while gridlock is increasingly the rule ativity of the private sector, which is respon­ Had it not been for the Civil War, we would rather than the exception not only on our sible for 83 percent of our country's jobs, and have neither preserved the Union nor freed highways but at our airports as well. which produces 80 percent of the GNP of the the slaves. More than forty percent of the nation's United States. Had it not been for the Second World War, bridges are structurally deficient or func­ But there are some problems-revitalizing the Third Reich might indeed have lasted for tionally obsolete. our educational system, for instance, or re­ a thousand years. In short, it is not too much to say that we building our infrastructure-that the private And had it not been for Desert Storm, a de­ are now moving into a world where the sector alone cannot solve. monic despot would have had his hands on major threat to our national values and way And in these areas, unless we make re­ the economic jugular of the world, and of life wlll come not from the Red Army or sources available from the public sector, armed with chemical and biological weapons, the Warsaw Pact, but from economic com­ combined with meaningful performance and eventually nuclear weapons as well, he petition from abroad and social problems standards, these needs will not be adequately would ultimately have embarked on addi­ here at home. addressed, and the private sector will be held tional campaigns of conquest and annex­ Without a strong economy, an educated back. ation, as part of his effort to dominate the populace, and a modern infrastructure, we At a moment when we celebrate the col­ entire Middle East. will be unable to carry out a foreign policy lapse of communism and the triumph of de­ Finally, Democrats also need to offer the worthy of a great nation, or to offer the mocracy around the world, we must remem­ American electorate a positive, forward­ world the leadership it needs, and expects, ber that the failure of Marxism has not looking vision of what we stand for, not just from us. meant that capitalism has eliminated all our what we're against. In earlier centuries, countries whose mili­ social ills at home. And this requires reaffirmation of the tary might and standard of living made them Capitalism has made the American econ­ truth that, in the last decade of the 20th cen­ world powers-Spain and Portugal in the omy the envy of the world. tury, after the failure of fascism and the col­ 16th century, the Netherlands in the 17th, But the "magic of the marketplace" will lapse of communism, it is the aspiration of France in the 18th, Great Brittan in the not, by itself, solve the problems of adult il­ men and women to be free, and to freely de­ 19th-gradually slipped from the pinnacle of literacy, of fatherless fam111es, of chronic termine their own destiny, which constitutes power into a shabby second-class status. unemployment. the most powerful idea of our own time. It follows, then, that the promotion of plu­ The real challenge that confronts America Capitalism, as dynamic as it has been, as is: can we maintain our economic pre­ robust as it can be, will not, on its own ac­ ralism rather than the containment of com­ cord, repair our bridges, unclog our roads, or munism should become the primary objec­ eminence, or shall we, as did these other once-great countries, begin a long slow slide clean up our environment. tive, and the new foundation, of American Americans have always recognized that, as foreign policy. into stagnation, eventually to be eclipsed by The preservation of democracy where it al­ other nations better able to meet the chal­ critical as the market is, there are limits to ready exists, and the promotion of democ­ lenge of the technological age in which we what the individual businessman can do . racy where it has not yet taken root, is not live. Time and again throughout our history, only a reflection of American values but is Or to state it in slightly different terms, the American people have turned to their also very much in American interests. can we muster the will and marshal! the re­ government to take on tasks too large for Yet most of all, we need to recognize that sources to address these challenges in order free enterprise alone. our capacity to sustain a policy of enlight­ to remain the wealthiest, most powerful, Private capital worked hand in hand with ened internationalism, in which the United most envied nation in the world? government to build the railroads that, a States remains actively engaged in the effort I believe we can. century ago, linked our fragmented and frac­ to preserve peace and promote pluralism, If we did it for Kuwait, surely we can do it tured nation into a single unit. will depend more than anything else on our for America. Individual entrepreneurs worked hand in ab111ty to deal with and resolve our domestic Instead of just building emergency shelters hand with the federal government to build difficulties. for the Kurds in Iraq, we should be building an interstate highway system that in this It wlll, after all, avail us little to win wars housing for the homeless here in the United century helped propel our country to new abroad if we lose the far more important States. heights of prosperity. struggle to keep the American dream alive Instead of just teaching our m111tary how From the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, here at home. to handle sophisticated weapons, we should which set aside public lands for education, to And this is a struggle we run a real risk of be teaching all our young people how to com­ the GI bill of rights after World War II, losing. pete in an increasingly technological world. which made higher education available to a In the most technologically advanced Instead of just providing for the medical whole generation of ex-servicemen, to the country in the world, we can manufacture needs of the wounded in the Gulf, we should National Defense Education Act of 1958, smart bombs and Patriot missiles but can't be providing health care for the 37 million which directed federal monies into math and compete with the Japanese in cameras and Americans who currently lack minimum the sciences as a means of overcoming a So­ VCRs. medical protection. viet lead in the space race, the government In the most educationally progressive In the Gulf we saw the challenge. has been involved in funding the education of country in the world, U.S. students register We formulated a response. American citizens. dramatically lower math and science scores We appropriated the necessary resources. From the American system of Henry Clay, than their foreign peers. And we achieved our objective of liberating to the New Deal of Franklin Roosevelt, to In the most scientifically sophisticated Kuwait. the effort to place a man on the moon, the country in the world, our system of health There's no reason why we can't harness government has been involved in promoting care leaves millions with no protection and similar imagination and boldness to confront those projects too substantial for the soli­ no way to pay for needed treatment. the challenges we face here in the United tary entrepreneur. And it is real flesh-and-blood people who States. Of course there will be skeptics and cynics must bear the brunt of these dismal failures. But it will take more than standing up to who, while acknowledging the need to act, One out of every five children in America a tyrant nearly half way around the world, will say that our problems are too intracta­ lives in poverty. while shrinking from our responsib111ty to ble, our resources too limited. July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20913 But this is the counsel of despair. A FAREWELL TO FATHER J. raged after he discovered the living standards We have heard it before. DONALD PEARCE of some of his students. He then dedicated his And we know better than to accept it. time and energy to the betterment of his stu­ One week ago today, I joined nearly a mil­ dents' education and their environment. lion of our fellow citizens who flocked into HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN the nation's capital to pay tribute to the he­ OF FLORIDA I commend Bill Clemons for his unselfish­ roic soldiers and sailors and airmen who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ness and his vision in constructing housing for brought us victory in the Gulf. underprivileged students. He has touched I know there were some who questioned Wednesday, July 31, 1991 many lives in a good way in the past, and I the propriety of spending several million dol­ Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I wish to am sure he will influence many more in the fu­ lars on such an occasion. bring to the attention of the House of Rep­ ture. But it seemed to me that if the nation was resentatives and the American public the con­ William Clemons has aided in the advance­ going to ask half a million of our fellow tributions to the church and to the community ment of many students and has helped per­ Americans to put their lives on the line half­ way around the world in pursuit of what the of a constituent of my congressional district, form many community services making him President and Congress believed were vital Fr. J. Donald Pearce, S.J. He is the pastor of more than worthy of the Jefferson Award. American interests, the least we could do Gesu Church, in downtown Miami. I wish to Mr. Speaker, I salute William Clemons for was to show them, once the war was over, commend Father Pearce for his service and his efforts. that we remembered and recognized the sac­ commitment to the inner city families and com­ I ask that an article that appeared in the rifices they were prepared to make, and did munities in downtown Miami along with his ex­ Knoxville News-Sentinel be printed in the make, on our behalf. traordinary leadership in the renovation of the RECORD. And as I watched our proud troops-this interior of the Gesu Church, which is the old­ cross section of America, men and women, BENEVOLENT BUILDER-CLEMONS HONORED bl.ack and white, oriental and Hispanic, gen­ est Catholic Church in the city of Miami and FOR EFFORTS TO HOUSE UNDERPRIVILEGED tile and Jew-return home not as conquerors an architectural treasure. (By Teree Caruthers) but as liberators, I was reminded of two Father Pearce graduated from Gesu High A former school teacher whose compassion other parades I had either witnessed or par­ School, class of 1943. He later joined the for his students and their fam111es led him to ticipated in. Navy and served overseas for several years. become a builder of housing complexes for The first took place a decade ago, when In June 1959, he was ordained a priest in the the underprivileged was recently awarded New York City welcomed home our hostages Southern Province of the Jesuit Fathers, the prestigious Jefferson Award for commu­ from Iran. where he served as president and superior of nity service. The New York City congressional delega­ William "Bill" Clemons of Knoxville joined tion had been asked to serve as the lead con­ various Jesuit institutions in the south. 66 other community service workers from tingent in the parade. Along with renovating the interior of the across the United States on June 17 for the And as we marched up Broadway from the church, Father Pearce has been able to lead award presentation in Washington. Clemons Battery toward City Hall, amidst the kind of the church in its spiritual mission in providing was recognized for his involvement in build­ tumultuous applause we rarely receive in our ministry to the elderly, to prison inmates, and ing houses for underprivileged families. own districts, we all beamed with pride at to inner-city families and youth. Father Pearce Clemons' work was coordinated by the Ala­ the recognition we were finally receiving. also hosts the local chapters of alcoholics and bama-based UMBRELLA organization, which Until it dawned on us, two blocks into the narcotics anonymous in the church re.ctory. He built houses for low-income fam111es. march, that the reason for the wild cheering Clemons said he began building houses in also has arranged for providing facilitie~ for was that the spectators lining both sides of 1955, and continued until tb.e organization the street thought we were the hostages. ·services to the elderly, and those seeking was forced out of business by high interest The second parade occurred fifteen years legal assistance. rates. Until the organization folded, he ago, in Niamey, the capital city of Niger, to A special Thanksgiving Mass and farewell helped build housing complexes in Alabama, celebrate the third anniversary of the revo­ reception on August 4, 1991 will be held to Florida, North Carolina, Maryland, Ohio, and lution by which the current government had honor Father Pearce. He has been assigned Tennessee. come to power. to work in New Orleans and therefore will be Clemons built Prince Hall Village and Tab­ And leading the march that day was not leaving Miami, a city to which he has given ernacle Apartments in East Knoxville to the army nor the air force. much of himself. His dedication, perseverance help folk displaced by urban renewal. Not the generals nor the other m111tary "I was committed to see what I could do to brass. and guidance will be greatly missed among get students a decent place to live. I've been The place of honor heading the parade had the people of his parish and community. I wish involved ever since," he said. not been reserved for tanks, or artillery, or him all the success in his new assignment in Founded in 1972 by Jacqueline Kennedy the other weapons with which African coun­ New Orleans in working with the elderly. Onassis and Sen. Robert Taft Jr., the Jeffer­ tries wage war. son Awards and the American Institute for Instead, the lead contingent as made up of Public Service were established to honor the teachers who were educating the coun­ A TRIBUTE TO A BENEVOLENT public service. Media sponsors identify po­ try's young people. BUILDER, WILLIAM CLEMONS tential award recipients. WBIR-TV, Channel They were followed by the health workers 10, is the local sponsor. who ministered to the needs of a population Recipients of the award receive a gold me­ where death and disease run rampant. HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. dallion and certificate signed by the co­ And as I watched the march last Saturday, OF TENNESSEE founders and are invited to Washington for and thought back to these two earlier occa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the awards presentation. sions, I caught myself dreaming of a day Other regional winners from East Ten­ when ticker tape parades in New York and Wednesday, July 31, 1991 nessee included Leslie El Sayad of Deer Washington would be led not by the m111- Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, a former school Lodge, Gene Lee of LaFollette, Loretta tary, and not by the politicians, but by the teacher, William Clemons, of Knoxville, TN, Pruett of Knoxville and Rhoda Dagley of teachers, the health workers, the social has received recognition for his community Petros. workers, and the volunteers whose lives are Clemons said his volunteer spirit "goes dedicated to helping us win our wars against service. Mr. Clemons' love for his students back a long ways." illiteracy, addiction, disease, and depriva­ and their well-being led him to construct many After working in the Alabama school sys­ tion here at home. housing projects for the underprivileged, and tem for three years, Clemons said he was And it also struck me that here is the real recently, he was presented the Jefferson amazed by the deplorable living conditions challenge for the next decade and the next Award for community service. of some of his students. century. The Jefferson Award, founded in 1972 by "I felt that if you really wanted to under­ It is a challenge we Democrats cannot af­ Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis and Senator stand some of the problems involving the ford to refuse. Robert Taft, Jr,, is an award presented nation­ students, you had to make home visits." It is a challenge we Democrats are su­ wide. This year it was given to 66 community It was those visits to students' homes that perbly equipped to handle. made Clemons decide that something needed But most importantly, it is a challenge we workers who met in Washington, DC, on June to be done. Democrats must accept if we are to remain 17. ''It was appalling to me some of the condi­ true to the heritage of our party and the When William Clemons worked in the Ala­ tions these students were living in. It made promise of our nation. bama school system for 3 years, he was out- me swell up inside." 20914 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 In 1960, Clemons moved to Tennessee and broad range of issues, including human portant issues in US-China relations should began operating a string of businesses. At rights. It could further isolate the Chinese be taken seriously and not reduced to a po­ one time he owned a cab company, service leadership and jeopardize the economic litical morality play. A sense of unified na­ station and garage, and a cafeteria. progress that has helped kindle democratic tional purpose must be restored to our rela­ He also began performing community serv­ yearnings. tions with China. Only in this way can we re­ ices for the people of East Knoxville. Some in Congress, including leading Demo­ tain our ability to influence events in China Clemons helped organize the first Optimist crats, argue that the US should deny MFN, during a key period of economic and politi­ Club for blacks in East Knoxville, and he is or at least make it conditional upon major cal transition. still a member. Clemons is an alumnus of improvements in Chinese policies on human Tuskegee Institute, having received a degree rights and other issues. in Vocational Agriculture in 1940. He is a These issues are extremely important and TRIBUTE TO A HUMANITARIAN: member of the Tuskegee Club, an alumni or­ should be addressed through all appropriate JEFFERSON PORTER McARTHUR ganization for Knoxville and Oak Ridge resi­ means. But imposing conditions on MFN dents. He is chairperson of the Benevolnce that are unlikely to be met would threaten Committee at McDonald Drive Church of the well-being of the Chinese people and put HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS Christ. He also has membership in the Unit­ at risk our own influence in China. OF NEW YORK ed Way and is a former board member for the The recurrent debate over MFN for China IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Girl Scouts of America. obstructs any coherent policy toward this Clemons and his wife, Joy, have been mar­ extremely important country and has led to Wednesday, July 31, 1991 ried for 50 years. an unproductive stand-off between the presi­ Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to dent and Congress. The president, based on pay tribute to Jefferson Porter McArthur, a his personal experience, well understands the member of Berean Baptist Church in my dis­ PRESCIENT OBSERVATIONS OF importance of maintaining orderly relations trict of Brooklyn, NY. Mr. McArthur hails from REPRESENTATIVE BROOMFIELD with China. Unfortunately, there is a percep­ tion that Bush has not turned the heat up Lumberton, NC, where he graduated from Al­ high enough on human rights and other is­ exander High School. Upon his arrival in New HON. JIM LEACH sues. York he joined Berean Missionary Baptist OF IOWA The MFN debate has diverted attention Church and served on the usher board and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from more practical approaches. At worst, it men's choir. He later became president of the could lead to a complete collapse of our in­ Wednesday, July 31 , 1991 usher board and held that position until he fluence in China. A new approach would help was requested by pastor, Dr. H.L. James, to Mr. LEACH. Mr. Speaker, Our distinguished us reach a greater level of domestic accord be a deacon. He subsequently chaired the colleague from Michigan, Mr. BROOMFIELD, and realism on relations with China: First, the president and Congress should board of deacons and deaconess' and main­ whose views on foreign policy this body and immediately establish a special commission tained those duties for over 30 years and has especially the minority hold in such high re­ on US-China relations, comprised of govern­ been a member of Berean for over 50 years. gard, wrote a guest column which recently ap­ ment officials, congressional leaders and dis­ The hallmark of Mr. McArthur's life has been peared in the Christian Science Monitor which tinguished private citizens including experts his selfless service within his community. He ought to be brought to Members' attention. on China. It would review our overall rela­ is a businessman with diverse work experi­ Whether one agrees or disagrees on the tionship with China and make recommenda­ ences and talents. As a professional he has controversial issue of United States policy to­ tions in a report to be filed prior to the time excelled as a tailor and real estate broker. He for the next renewal of MFN. Such a step ward China, no one can differ on the point has been an employer within his community; raised by the ranking member of the Foreign could lessen conflict between the branches of government and improve public understand­ employing recent parolees, indigent families, Affairs Committee: That to be effective, a pol­ ing. It would also help dispel the impression and recent immigrants. He has often said: "My icy on trade with China must have the input of that US policy toward China is being run ex­ greatest reward comes from knowing that I Congress as well as the executive branch. clusively by the president, and that impor­ have been able to help somebody." I am I include the distinguished gentleman's com­ tant issues are not being satisfactorily ad­ proud to salute this humanitarian whose labors mentary be placed in the RECORD at this time. dressed. are for love of his people, community, and [From the Christian Science Monitor] Second, we must adopt a flexible approach church. to our ongoing relations with China. Reason­ Two VIEWS OF CHINA able conditions attached by Congress to re­ (By William S. Broomfield) newal of MFN could send an important sig­ The second anniversary of the Tiananmen nal to the Chinese leadership that the US ex­ HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, A Square massacre has passed. But the human pects improvements as a precondition for GENUINE AMERICAN HERO rights concerns symbolized by Tiananmen continued normal relations. At the same have not been resolved. The Chinese govern­ time, more could be done-separate from HON. FRANK J. GUARINI ment has still not accounted for thousands MFN-to address some of the outstanding is­ of persons who were killed and imprisoned. sues in US-China relations. OF NEW JERSEY There is no sign of political liberalization. Third, there is a need to review the meas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Instead, despite internal struggles, Beijing ures that were taken against China after Wednesday, July 31, 1991 has returned to an emphasis on economic Tiananmen and to determine which should growth. The economy has been so successful be continued. Certain restrictions should Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to that the trade surplus with the United probably be dropped since other countries speak of a genuine American hero: Hubert H. States may reach $15 billion this year, up are once again operating normally in China. Humphrey. This year marks the 80th anniver­ from $10 billion last year. Additional measures might be considered, sary of his birth and would also commemorate There are other key issues in US-China re­ however, in response to specific complaints, his 46 years of public service to our Nation. lations. Although China did not veto United such as renewed Chinese jamming of Voice of This anniversary is an appropriate time to re­ Nations Security Council resolutions on America broadcasts and continued allega­ flect on Humphrey's accomplishments and the Iraq. Chinese cooperation on other issues of tions of harassment of Chinese dissidents in ideals for which he stood. For our young peo­ international peace and security has been the US. poor. China continues to arm the brutal Fourth, trade issues should be pursued ple, the journey through the life and times of Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, and there are more aggressively. Whatever its causes, the Hubert H. Humphrey can be a great learning ominous signs that China is about to begin a massive trade deficit with China requires a experience, with many goals toward which major export drive for its newest missile sys­ governmental response. The administration they should aspire. tems. should take further action under the trade As a champion of the great liberal tradition All these issues have become linked to the laws, including on the issues of import and of American politics, he was a great orator yearly decision whether to continue most-fa­ investment restrictions; dumping, subsidies, and a public servant in the true sense of the vored-nation (MFN) trade relations with and other structural issues; convict-made word. Humphrey earned the nickname of the China. President Bush has notified Congress goods; and establishment of criteria for re­ of his intention to extend MFN for China for newal of the regular three-year trade agree­ "Happy Warrior" by approaching every task, another year. In a recent speech at Yale Uni­ ment with China that expires in February. no matter how difficult, with optimism. Whether versity, the president argued that denying We must not burn our bridges, with China he was crafting legislation or fighting inhuman­ MFN would deprive the US of leverage on a until we see if they can be repaired. The im- ity and injustice throughout the world, Hum- July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20915 phrey never once lost his positive can-do atti­ Marquez School of Journalism in Cuba and re­ Secretary of Commerce, Robert tude. ceived a doctorate degree in Social Work from Mosbacher, has destroyed the relationship As we remember him, let us remember the the University of Havana in Cuba. She also re­ the Republican Party has been trying to Hubert H. Humphrey of great vision, who led ceived a bachelor of arts from Biscayne Col­ strengthen for over a decade. First came Mosbacher's decision to refuse the requests us on a quest for civil rights for all Americans lege in Miami, FL. of cities and minority organizations who and nuclear arms control in the 1950's and Upon her arrival to Miami, FL, Dr. Bas de wanted the results of the census adjusted. formulated the establishment of both the Tamayo has worked fervently to help the With the stroke of a pen, Mosbacher elimi­ Peace Corps and Food for Peace Programs. Cuban population and the anti-Communist nated more than 1 million Hispanics from Humphrey was also a man who dared to see cause. In 1961, along with her family, she cre­ the official count of persons who live in this things before others, proposing the concept of ated organizations Ahora and Cuba Nueva, country. As a consequence, cities and States Social Security over 15 years before it was which are designed to inform the community in with large Hispanic populations will lose bil­ embraced by others. south Florida about the difficulties being faced lions of dollars in Federal aid. But that is in Cuba. She also founded and directed Show not all. Hubert Humphrey was a politician's politi­ At the last minute Mosbacher cancelled his cian, a proud yet sensitive man who never for­ Time and Show Latino, magazines based in commitment, which he made months ago, to got where he came from. Throughout his ex­ south Florida. Dr. Bas de Tamayo has also be a guest speaker at the annual convention tensive public career as a local elected official, worked on the radio news show El Periodico of the National Council of La Raza in Hous­ U.S. Senator, Vice President of the United Del Aire which focused on the arts and infor­ ton, TX, this week. A less-ranking alternate States, and Presidential candidate of his party, mation on women's issues. replaced him. The 1,200 conference attendees Hubert Humphrey never lost sight of his roots Since 1972, she has directed El Club de responded with dignity. More than half of or his beloved Minnesota constituents who Mujeres an organization targeting the needs of them marched out of the conference ball­ room rather than listen to Mosbacher's aide. stood by him through his triumphs and trage­ women in south Florida. The association fo­ cuses on women, helping them with counsel­ The rest rejected him. dies. We support the action taken in Houston by Hubert H. Humphrey was one of those rare ing and orientation. In her efforts to help the the National Council of La Raza conference politicians who by his deeds served as a mag­ community of south Florida, Dr. Bas de participants. Now we must let President net to draw others into the political arena. He Tamayo is also a member of Junta de Bush know our renouncement of his Sec­ was a man who earned the trust of all his col­ Gobierno Nacional de Periodistas, Colegio de retary of Commerce. We must let him know leagues and the respect of all Americans. Pedagogos, and Junta Directiva del Colegio that Hispanics will not tolerate our needs I find that on many occasions admiration is de Locutores. These organizations are de­ being ignored and our being rebuked. If President Bush wants the support of His­ best explained simply. Therefore, let us re­ voted to improving and assisting journalists in Florida. panic voters in 1992, then it is best that he member our former colleague Hubert H. Hum­ demand that his Secretary of Commerce re­ phrey as he is remembered by his three chil­ It is an honor to recognize Dr. Bas de spect us. dren. When they were asked how their father Tamayo's success, which is due to her vigi­ had contributed most to their lives, one said, lance and devotion to her work. "Dad taught me that what I do must be done JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE well-the very best I know how." "I learned HISPANIC OUTRAGE ORGANIZATION OF CONGRESS from him to study harder," said another. The third answered, "Dad made me realize the im­ HON. WILLIS D. GRADISON, JR. portance of treating all people fairly." It is my HON. BILL RICHARDSON OF NEW MEXICO OF OHIO hope that all of us will hold fast to these prin­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ciples, for ourselves, and for our country. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased A TRIBUTE TO DR. XENIA BAS DE tion's Hispanic community is upset with the to join today with my colleagues, LEE HAMIL- TAMAYO current administration's attitude toward minori­ 1'0N of Indiana and Senators BOREN and Do­ ties in general and Hispanics in particular. His­ MENICI, in introducing a concurrent resolution HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN panics are the fastest growing minority in this to establish a Joint Committee on the Organi­ OF FLORIDA country and will be the largest minority by the zation of Congress. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES year 2010. On two occasions since the conclusion of Hispanic Americans remain furious that the World War II, the Congress established similar Wednesday, July 31 , 1991 Secretary of Commerce refused to adjust the panels to assess the organization and oper­ Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, it is my 1990 census. That inaction resulted in the nu­ ation of the Congress. In each case, these pleasure to bring to the attention of my col­ merical loss of more than 5-million residents were serious undertakings which led to leagues the accomplishments of a remarkable including 1-million Hispanics. And then to add changes in the manner in which the Congress woman and journalist, Dr. Xenia Bas de insult to injury, the Secretary backed out of a conducts the people's business. Tamayo, who was recently honored by having major speech before a national Hispanic orga­ The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 her imprint in the Cuban Culture in Exile Walk­ nization's convention in Houston. and the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 way in Hialeah. Mr. Speaker, Hispanic Americans feel ig­ were born in the deliberations of temporary bi­ Academia de las Luminarias de las Bellas nored and displaced by the current administra­ partisan and bicameral committees estab­ Artes [ALBA] an organization that promotes tion. These thoughts were eloquently broad­ lished in 1945 and 1965. By and large, the Hispanic art and culture in south Florida cast in a recent editorial by a major Spanish changes brought about by these efforts were founded and directed by Pedro Roman hon­ language television network, Univision. I urge positive and responded to the needs of the ored Dr. Bas de Tamayo with a reception on my colleagues to read Univision President Congress, as an institution, to deal more ef­ July 27. ALBA recognizes the achievements Joaquin Blaya's comments which follow: fectively with the problems of the day. It has and hard work that Dr. Bas de Tamayo has SECRETARY OF COMMERCE, ROBERT been over 30 years since the House and the accomplished since arriving to south Florida. MOSBACHER Senate have joined to examine the question of A Cuban refugee, Dr. Bas de Tamayo has (Remarks by Joaquin Blaya) congressional operations. Times have demonstrated great talent in journalism. Dr. It has been just a few short months since changed. The Congress and the nature and Bas de Tamayo arrived on the shores of Flor­ President Bush has begun to enjoy his hon­ complexity of the people's business have ida in 1959, and since then has been an ar­ eymoon with the Hispanics of this country. changed. This resolution is a timely response dent journalist that has used her skill as a writ­ His leadership during the Persian Gulf war to the real and perceived problems of the er to communicate to everyone the inhuman­ had given him unusual popularity. A Univision poll taken in March divulged that, Congress. ities committed on the Cuban people by Fidel for the first time in history Hispanics sanc­ Critics of the Congress claim there are too Castro. tioned the actions of a Republican President. many staffers, too many committees and sub­ Her list of accomplishments is long and dis­ But this courtship was shorter than a sum­ committees, and too many turf battles. The re­ tinguished. She graduated from the Manuel mer's night. sult, they claim, is legislative gridlock. They 20916 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 may be a right. However, I believe that these trative and billing costs. By comparison, Can­ dential debate. Bringing health care to this and other concerns, including reform of institu­ ada spends 11 cents out of every dollar on public level would foster action and debate be­ tional rules and procedures and the protection such costs. If we were to push our paperwork tween communities, businesses, and health of minority rights, are symptoms of a large burden down to the Canadian level, we would care providers. problem. save more than $100 billion a year. This Our system is in need of major renovation­ This Nation faces considerable problems. would be enough to provide coverage for the not revolution. We must take steps to improve The appallingly low national savings rate, dan­ 37 million uninsured Americans, with money and expand our existing health care delivery gerously high Federal budget deficits, lagging left over. system, which places private insurance-fi­ productivity, and the problems inherent in new Health care providers, particularly doctors, nanced largely by employers-at the forefront, entrants to the labor force lacking basic skills complain that they are drowning in paper with the Government acting in a back up ca­ are among those that concern me the most. In snow-the overload of authorizations, receipts pacity through programs such as Medicare all cases, I am concerned that short-term and utilization reviews required by insurance and Medicaid. We must provide health insur­ thinking, driven by the necessities of electoral companies before claims will be processed, or ance for the millions who have none, either by and partisan politics, is distoring the ability of even before patients are treated. What we an expansion of Medicare and Medicaid or Congress to address urgent long-term national need is a system that keeps accurate and de­ creation of an entirely new program. Finally, problems in a deliberate fashion. No one can tailed patient health records without excess we must work to control costs without bank­ remove politics completely from the public pol­ and unnecessary paperwork. I firmly believe rupting our doctors and hospitals, and without icy debate. Nor should we try. We can, how­ we could do this for far less than we do now denying needed care to the ill. without a tremendous amount of difficulty. ever, remove the institutional impediments that . A single piece of legislation will not accom­ contribute to the gridlock that critics rightly be­ Electronic processing, standardizing and sim­ plish these goals. Congress must adopt a plifying claims could save billions a year. The moan. blueprint for health care in America, and de­ My interest in this proposal is that it holds challenge will be in devising a politically fea­ vise a comprehensive legislative strategy to out the promise of improving the ability of the sible scheme for making such a transition encourage employers to provide health care, Congress to engage in long-term thinking. without creating any winners or losers. an expansion of existing programs to cover The seriousness of our health care crisis is What might be an example of a reform that many of the uninsured, improvements in our best reflected by the chorus of voices that could improve long-term planning? For exam­ health care delivery system to low-income have reached Washington of late. The Journal ple, in the context of budget. reform, perhaps families, and efforts to control costs. the time has come for multiyear budgeting. of the American Medical Association, in the Many of the reforms that this joint committee strongest terms it has ever used, has called Improving our Nation's health care system is a goal we all share. I urge my colleagues on may ultimately recommend may not b:~. new. for an overhaul of the Nation's health care However, there has been no effort to integrate system. The editor, Dr. Lundberg states: both sides of the aisle to continue working to­ various reform proposals in a coherent and An aura of inevitability is upon us. It is no gether to achieve this end. consistent manner. This bipartsian joint com­ longer acceptable morally, ethically, or eco­ mittee would be in the best position to do just nomically for so many of our people to be that. medically uninsured or seriously SALUTE TO BISHOP HUIE L. underinsured. ROGERS I believe Dr. Lundberg speaks to the core of NEED FOR NATIONAL HEALTH the issue when he says we have a moral re­ CARE REFORM sponsibility to insure all people access to HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS health care. We are long overdue in creating OF NEW YORK a system that will provide insurance for the HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA millions who are uninsured. The changing atti­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tude of the Nation's doctors in restructuring the health care system is unprecedented and Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Wednesday, July 31, 1991 leads me to believe that we are closer than pay tribute to Bishop Huie L. Rogers. Bishop Mr. BROWN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ever to true reform. Rogers was born on June 22, 1934 in Vidalia, address the need for national health care re­ Whether or not the American Medical Asso­ GA. He attended Boys High School in Brook­ form. Clearly, the greatest health care chal­ ciation's radical shift to a more mainstream lyn, and was called to the ministry at the age lenge our Nation faces through the 1990's is position on health care reform will help us of 14. He attended the Church of Christ Bible how to provide medical coverage to the esti­ reach a consensus is uncertain. We still have Institute and the Nyack Missionary College. mated 37 million uninsured Americans. As the major obstacles to overcome. Proposals are He received his doctor of divinity degree from cost of health care skyrockets, and the num­ coming from all corners. The problem will not New Haven Theological Seminary and went ber of uninsured people flocking to emergency be a lack of agreement on the need for re­ on to preach under the leadership of Bishop rooms and filing public hospitals grows, the re­ form. The problem will be finding a consensus Joseph Moore, founder of Bibleway Church of percussions can be felt at every level of our to reach a majority on a vote. economy. So where does this leave us? Despite the Christ in Brooklyn. The American health care system contains political difficulties, I am optimistic. The devel­ After the death of his predecessor, Huie both the best and worst elements of modern oping debate for comprehensive national Rogers was elected pastor of the Greater medicine. Our people have access to cutting­ health care reform is off to a good start in the Bibleway Temple in Brooklyn, NY, where he edge medical technology, doctors and nurses 102d Congress. While the proposals cross the has resided for the past 25 years. He is who are among the best trained in the world full spectrum of possible options for reform, it known as an international evangelist, an am­ and excellent public and private hospitals. is increasingly apparent that consensus does bassador, and a dynamic preacher. His ac­ However, we also have a widening health care exist on the scope of the problem. Last year's complishments include being the founder of gap between those who receive excellent care Pepper Commission report on health care has Tidewater Bibleway Church in Virginia; mem­ and those who receive no care. We have el­ moved the debate this far. Now we must seek ber of the Executive Board of Bishops; found­ derly in desperate need of long-term care who some common thread among the various ex­ er of the Total Truth Bible School, and the are not fully covered for all necessary services isting and emerging proposals. Total Truth magazine. He is the founder and under Medicare. While we spend more money Mr. Speaker, I am encouraged by the for­ headmaster of the Bibleway Elementary per capita on health care than any nation in mation of the bipartisan caucus for national School. The bishop has initiated community the world, we spend It inefficiently, much of it health care reform. It is just this type of forum programs such as "Meals on Wheels" and a going toward administrative costs rather than that is needed if we are to ever devise a politi­ summer program for community youth. direct health services. cally acceptable solution to our health care cri­ His ministry has reached the hearts of many I was dismayed to read in a Harvard study sis. The ideal would be for Congress to de­ across the country and he will continue to be that for every dollar the United States spends velop one or two promising proposals that a treasured religious figure in his community on health care, 24 cents goes toward adminis- could then be a key issue in our next Presi- for years to come. July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20917 TO SET UP A TEMPORARY JOINT One way Congress has responded to new tions of Congress, and that is something I COMMITTEE ON THE ORGANIZA­ developments has been to use various ad hoc strongly support. TION OF CONGRESS approaches such as task forces, party groups, VALUE OF REFORM and bicameral devices. We need a com­ We should not overestimate the importance HON. LEE H. HAMILTON prehensive look at whether Congress is cur­ of structural reform in Congress. Institutional OF INDIANA rently organized and equipped as it ought to reform is certainly no panacea. The best struc­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be to address new challenges that face us ture and procedures in the world will not help here and abroad. Wednesday, July 31 , 1991 much if Congress does not have the political Third, I believe it is important for the institu­ will to tackle the tough issues. Yet legislative Mr. HAMIL TON. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ tion of Congress to stand back and look at it­ reorganization could help improve Congress' troducing with Congressman GRADISON a bill self periodically. The last two House-Senate workproduct and enhance public confidence in to establish a temporary Joint Committee on overhauls of Congress took place in 1946 and the institution, and that is beneficial both in the the Organization of Congress. The House­ 1970, based upon the work of the 1945 and short and long term. I do not expect miracles Senate committee would study and rec­ 1965 congressional organization committees. from such an effort, but significant progress ommend reforms in the operations of Con­ The 1946 reorganization included a fundamen­ can be made step by step. gress. A similar bill is being introduced in the tal streamlining of the committee structure and Senate by Senators BOREN and DOMENIC!. the development of a professional staff. The NEED FOR BILL 1970 reorganization included changes that A TRIBUTE TO DR. JOHN HENRY The purpose of the bill is to find ways of im­ opened Congress to further public visibility BURKHART proving the operations of Congress in order to and expanded legislative support agencies. restore public confidence in the institution and With the last major overhaul along these HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. improve its ability to respond efficiently and ef­ lines taking place more than two decades ago, OF TENNESSEE fectively to its increasingly complex agenda. If I believe it is time for another comprehensive IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress is to remain the "first branch of gov­ look at the operations of Congress. ernment," as our Founding Fathers intended, OUTLINE OF BILL Wednesday, July 31, 1991 then it is important for it to stand back periodi­ The bill we are introducing today would set Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, a Knoxville doc­ cally to consider ways to improve legislative up a joint committee composed of sitting tor, Dr. John Henry Burkhart, has been named decisionmaking, representation, and oversight. Members of Congress, eight from the House as this year's recipient of the Distinguished I believe we need to establish the Joint and eight from the Senate, with equal rep­ Service Award by the American Medical Asso­ Committtee on the Organization of Congress resentation from the majority and the minority. ciation. Dr. Burkhart has been presented with for three main reasons. The committee would also have four nonvoting the AMA's award for founding the Tennessee First, there has been a lot of criticism of advisory members, such as former Members Medical Association's student loan fund and Congress lately. People do not have much of Congress or outside experts. The emphasis for his continued service to his community. confidence in it. Criticisms include: Too many is on current Members, because the history of Only one person receives this very special committees and subcommittees, too many congressional reform committees and commis­ recognition each year. I am very proud that staff aides, inefficient scheduling, budget strife, sions suggests that those composed of sitting this year's award has gone to one of my con­ inadequate oversight, omnibus bills, Members are the most effective in moving rec­ stituents. miscommunication between the Chambers ommendations through Congress. Dr. Burkhart received the award on June 23 and between the branches, the lack of policy The task of the committee would be to look during the AMA's annual meeting in Chicago. integration, too much partisanship, and on and for ways of improving the overall operation of The AMA, which represents a large majority of on. the Nation's doctors, selects one doctor a year Congress is frequently faulted by the media, Congress, such as simplifying its operations, improving the orderly consideration of legisla­ to reward for his or her continued efforts in the voters are pressing for limits on congressional medical field. terms, and serious academic critiques of Con­ tion, and improving its relationship with the ex­ ecutive branch. Although the main task would I applaud Dr. Burkhart for his work and for gress have recently proliferated. Members of the extraordinary service he has delivered to Congress themselves are often frustrated with be finding reforms that would apply to both the House and Senate, separate House and Sen­ the Knoxville area. organizational inefficiencies. I do not take the Mr. Speaker, Dr. Burkhart has had be­ view that Congress is in shambles or is col­ ate subcommittees would look at Chamber­ specific reforms. stowed upon him one of the most prestigious lapsing, but we can do better. awards in his field from his peers. I, too, want One way to promote public confidence is to The committee would study the organization to recognize him for his efforts in helping to earn it. The creation of this joint committee will and operation of Congress and by the end of fund needy medical students with over 1 mil­ demonstrate that Congress cares deeply the 102d Congress report its recommenda­ lion dollars' worth of aid. about the exercise of its constitutional prerog­ tions to the appropriate House and Senate I ask that an article concerning Dr. John atives and is willing to consider improvements committees. Whenever possible, the commit­ Henry Burkhart's accomplishments that ap­ in how it works. tee would draw upon existing staff, as well as peared in the Knoxville News-Sentinel appear Second, we should take a look at whether aides from the legislative support agencies in the RECORD. Congress is adequately organized to meet the and uncompensated volunteers, to minimize challenges of the 21st century. There is grow­ costs. The committee would terminate soon AMA' S ANNUAL SERVICE AWARD GOES TO ing uncertainty whether Congress is able to after it issues its report. KNOX DOCTOR, BURKHART deal with the explosion of scientific and tech­ POSSIBLE AREAS OF INQUIRY (By Larry Lee) nical information coming at it, especially at a The mandate of the committee would be A Knoxville doctor has won a top Amer­ time when constrained Federal budgets re­ broad, and I do not want to try to predict in ican Medical Association award. Dr. John Henry Burkhart brought home quire that choices be made and priorities be advance what areas it would focus on. The the AMA 's distinguished service award June set. Moreover, an increasing array of issues purpose of the committee is to find out what 23 from the annual meeting in Chicago. The before Congress-global warming, deforest­ the problems and possible solutions are, and AMA, which represents most of the nation's ation, terrorism, and drug trafficking-are both I approach it with an open mind. But possible doctors, honors one person a year with the international and domestic and no longer cut areas of inquiry might include seeking organi­ award. neatly across organizational lines. Dramatic zational changes in Congress that foster better "It was a very momentous occasion for me. changes such as the upheaval in the Soviet executive branch oversight, rules changes to It was a very great honor, particularly to be Union and the rapid growth of the Japanese improve the working relationship between the selected by your own profession for an honor like that, and I was extremely proud and and European Community economies lead to two Houses, and reforms of the committee very, very grateful," Burkhart said. the question of whether Congress is structured system to address overlapping and out-of-date The program for the day reads, " Few phy­ in the most effective manner to assert legisla­ jurisdictions. Congressman GRADISON has a sicians have given more to their profession tive influence and values in a transformed particular interest in looking for ways to institu­ and their community, and certainly none world. tionalize longer term thinking into the delibera- with more dedication, than John Henry 20918 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 Burkhart, M.D., in a practice that is enter­ that has been neglected for far too long. In "Good," Duelfer said. "I knew you could do ing its sixth decade." 1977, due to an adjustment in benefit rates, it." It notes in particular his founding of the people born between 1917 and 1926 were in­ Every student who sits in one of Duelfer's Tennessee Medical Association's student classroom chairs is expected to meet a high loan fund, which has accumulated more than advertently allocated less Social Security than goal of personal excellence. The two teacher­ $1 million for needy medical students. those born before and after them. Congress of-the-year awards Duelfer earned during her Burkhart and two of his sons are in family has recognized this problem for 14 years. nearly 25 years of work at Banyan Elemen­ practice together at St. Mary's Medical Cen­ Many of us on both sides of the aisle have ad­ tary show she has worked hard to reach hers. ter, where Burkhart, 71 , still works three vocated solutions to end this injustice and "I set my standards high, and I keep harp­ days a week. every year the bottom line is that Congress is ing and harping away until the students Another son, dermatologist Patrick unwilling to spend the money necessary to reach them," Duelfer said. "They almost al­ Burkhart, practices in Maryville. A daugh­ correct a mistake that millions of Americans ways do." ter-in-law, Dr. Laura Powers, wife of son Memories of students like the Vietnamese John M. Burkhart, is a Knoxville neurolo­ have been paying for years. After all the years girl who came to Duelfer's classroom the day gist. that older Americans worked to make this after she arrived in the United States help John Burkhart has had a busy life, one not country strong and prosperous, we owe it to fuel the veteran teacher's enthusiasm. wrapped up in solely treating broken bones them to do all we can to see that they are fair­ "She couldn't speak a word of English," and the common cold. ly compensated in their retirement. Duelfer said. "But she worked like a beaver, He served on the old Knoxville Board of Over the years I have received hundreds of and a year after she graduated from my Education for eight years-seven as chair­ calls and letters from New Mexicans asking class, she skipped half a year in the next grade." man-during the desegregation and annex­ me to help them restore benefits that are un­ ation era. A 1962 news clip told of Burkhart Filed away in Duelfer's desk drawer is a and the late Mildred Doyle, then-Knox Coun­ justly denied them. I am tired of explaining to letter from the Dade County Public Schools: ty Schools superintendent, agreeing that the them that Congress is unwilling to do anything one of her former students, Miriam Campa county needed one school system. to correct this situation. We all have a respon­ Perez, wanted school administrators to know It took 25 years for that dream to reach sibility to our constituents who are affected by Duelfer had been the most influential person fruition. this problem to find an equitable solution. I be­ in her decision to become a teacher. In January 1980, during one of his 12 years lieve that Congressman ROYBAL's bill, H.R. The 9- and 10-year-olds Duelfer now teach­ on the Tennessee Board of Medical Examin­ es describe how their teacher helps them. 917, offers us the opportunity to adequately "She's nice, and she helps the kids a lot," ers, eight of which he spent as chairman, compensate victims of the notch inequity with­ Burkhart found himself in Memphis leading said Jeremy Diehl, a fourth-grader with hearings on Dr. George Nichopoulos, Elvis out crippling the Social Security system. freckles and a flair for cursive writing. "At Presley's doctor. We cannot continue to discriminate against first, I was having trouble with my cursive, The board found " Dr. Nick," as he was Americans born between 1917 and 1926. We but now Mrs. Duelfer says I can do cursive known, guilty of several bad practices, espe­ don't tolerate discrimination on the basis of better than print." cially in prescribing addictive drugs. race, religion, or gender; why should we allow There has never been a question of what Burkhart and the others sitting in judgment it on the basis of birth date? We cannot con­ Duelfer would do. Her mother instilled a love of their peer suspended Nichopoulos' license of books and countries in her as a child, and tinue to delay action on this matter any longer. ever since she can remember, she has wanted for three months and placed him on five It's time to stop making excuses and finally years' probation. to be a teacher, Duelfer said. "That was quite a deal," Burkhart said. It deal with this issue. I urge my colleagues to She said she hasn't regretted her decision was covered by the national news media in­ join with me in support of H.R. 197. Don't let once, but last year, after 24 years of teach­ cluding ABC 's Geraldo Rivera, who Burkhart another year go by without a solution to the ing, something unusual happened. Duelfer said didn't find much-"kind of like some of notch problem. ran out of steam. his other stunts." Later that year, Duelfer attended a writing Burkhart is a Knoxville native and Univer­ seminar taught by the Dade County Public sity of Tennessee graduate who has been HONORING SANDRA DUELFER, A Schools and the University of Miami. During practicing since 1949. He also served as presi­ DEDICATED TEACHER OF 25 YEARS the seven-day course, she learned how to dent of the Knoxville Academy of Medicine teach the technicalities of grammar and in 1964. spelling through story books instead of In 1965 he was, besides president of the city HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN workbooks. school board, chief of the St. Mary's staff, OF FLORIDA Suddenly a new world opened up. president of the Tennessee Medical Associa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "She became revitalized," said Roberta tion "and in solo practice that year. That Granville, Banyan principal. "She got ex­ was tough." Wednesday, July 31, 1991 cited again and started working overtime." He was a member of the AMA's House of Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I would The youngsters were competing with each Delegates from 1966 to 1978 and for the next like to bring attention to the hard work and other to see who could be the first to answer Duelfer's questions about the book Little 10 years was a member of the Judicial Coun­ commitment of Ms. Sandra Duelfer, an ele­ cil, the AMA's ethical body. He spent four House on the Prairie. The teacher's excite­ mentary school teacher at Banyan Elementary ment for learning was contagious. years as chairman. in Miami, FL. Unfortunately, today's teachers He's won a slew of other awards over the Ms. Sandra Duelfer is a model for our rarely receive the recognition they deserve for years, including state physician of the year young students and a model of dedication and in 1985. Also, the Knoxville Academy of Med­ their accomplishments. Teachers, like Ms. commitment for our country. I commend the icine named its auditorium after him. Duelfer, who contributed 25 years of her life to leadership of Dr. Roberta Granville, principal, The day he was presented the latest award, her profession, are invaluable assets to our and Anthony Recio, vice principal of Banyan he was surprised to look up and see his three Nation's educational system. Elementary, for making Banyan a school doctor sons-John M., 42, Patrick Henry, 40, When I hear of educators in south Florida where learning can happen and a place where and Bill, 35-walk in and share the moment who are making a difference, I am proud to teachers like Sandra Duelfer can flourish. with him. They had flown to Chicago for the know that it is the children of our community day without telling him. "I think that was a bigger surprise than who are benefiting. The Miami Herald recently the award." highlighted the contributions of Ms. Duelfer. INDIA EMBARKS ON FREE That article follows: MARKET REFORMS HONORING SANDRA DUELFER, A DEDICATED IN FAVOR OF NOTCH LEGISLATION TEACHER OF 25 YEARS (By Lori Teresa Yearwood) HON. JIM LEACH OF IOWA HON. BILL RICHARDSON Sandra Duelfer does not call the fourth­ and fifth-grade students in her class chil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW MEXICO dren. She calls them people. Wednesday, July 31, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "People," she said, all brisk and business­ Mr. LEACH . Mr. Speaker, I would like to Wednesday, July 31, 1991 like as she pointed to a chalkboard last week. "Look at the spelling of this word." take this opportunity to call to the attention of Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, the time The pig-tailed brunet in the front row got Members a new development of potentially has come to finally correct a great inequity "civilization" right on her second try. profound import for the people of India, for July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20919 United States-Indian relations, and the health commercial banks to raise interest rates based usual commercial insurance company, it has a of the world economy: The impressive new on market principles. Thus the Government of well-deserved reputation for making its insur­ Free Market Reform Program recently an­ India appears to be undertaking a growth-ori­ ance available to all on a nondiscriminatory nounced by the Government of India. ented adjustment program through the estab­ basis. As my colleagues well understand, since lishment of a stable macroeconomic frame­ Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield has lost gaining independence from Great Britain in work, and implementing structural reform more than 400,000 good-risk, small-group cus­ 1947, India has steadfastly pursued a devel­ through liberalization of trade and foreign ex­ tomers in the last 3 years-lost them to com­ opmental strategy characterized as Nehruvian change. mercial insurers that were able to offer lower socialism. The British model of Fabian social­ Mr. Speaker, it has been my strong sense rates because they insure only good-risk ism, as well as that of the Soviet command for the past several years that in addition to groups. This, of course, leaves Empire with economy, were the favored economic develop­ being a bulwark of democratic self-govern­ the more and more poor risk. Empire thus ment strategies among intellectuals and pol­ ance, India should also be the great engine of points out that the resulting financial pressures icymakers in New Delhi. Consequently, India economic growth in South Asia. India has tre­ have forced it to propose changes in its rating developed a mixed economy and heavy em­ mendous economic potential, with a populace method and its rates. phasis on self-reliance, if not autarchy, particu­ of 850 million people, a prosperous middle These proposals are, of course, subject to larly in foreign trade and investment policy. class of some 350 million, and world-class tal­ the approval of the New York Insurance De­ The large state sector of the economy has ent in science and technology. Freeing up the partment. been concentrated in traditional heavy indus­ economy both to foreign competition and in­ Regrettably, some of the reports we have tries such as steel, power, and energy, as well vestment will finally help to stimulate a level of seen concerning Empire's proposal have con­ as in financial services and transportation. Al­ productivity and economic growth that many of tained a number of misconceptions. The facts though India undertook modest foreign trade us have long assumed India was capable of are contained in the July 24 announcement reforms several years ago, as late as early attaining. that Empire made, and I would like to have 1991 its trade policy still contained numerous India and America share much in common: this announcement included in full in the restrictions of foreign imports, including high A colonial and revolutionary heritage stem­ RECORD following these remarks: tariffs, a Byzantine and corruption-inducing im­ ming from respect for individual rights, close EMPIRE PROPOSES NEW METRO AREA SMALL­ port licensing system, as well as numerous ties with our former metropolitan power in Lon­ GROUP EMPLOYER RATES TIED TO EXPECTED other barriers. By the same token, New Dehli don, the language of commerce, and a vibrant HEALTH CARE USAGE; RATES FOR INDIVID­ pursued policies and practices which severely democratic polity. To be sure, we have dif­ UALS TO RISE-175,000 GROUP MEMBERS restricted and therefore effectually discour­ fered and quarreled in the past. And the Unit­ WOULD GET RATE REDUCTION aged foreign direct investment. ed States remains concerned about respect RATE RESTRUCTURING TO COMBAT "SKIMMING" Although India has taken great strides since for fundamental human rights in Punjab and OF GOOD RISKS 1947, New Dehli's inexplicable decision to Kashmir, as well as nuclear nonproliferation NEW YORK, July 24, 1991.-Empire Blue continue to base its economy upon a para­ on the Indian Subcontinent. But taking the Cross and Blue Shield, a private, not-for­ digm of 1950's era socialist orthodoxy has broad view of our bilateral relationship, it is my profit corporation, announced it plans to helped precipitate the most wrenching eco­ great hope that the global failure of Marxist change both its rates and rating structure nomic crisis in Indian history. India's foreign for 350,000 employees and dependents in governance will help to render irrelevant the small groups (3-49 employees) with major debt has risen from a manageable $20.5 bil­ philosophical differences which have divided medical coverage. The company also an­ lion a decade ago to a staggering $72 billion, us, and that our two great democracies will nounced proposed rate increases for 380,000 the third largest in the world. India's inter­ experience a renaissance of rediscovery, of individual direct-pay customers. national creditworthiness has plunged to an far closer ties, people to people, as well as Affected customers are in New York City, all-time low. India has also been seized in the government to government. Nassau, Suffolk, Westchester and Rockland grip of a severe balance-of-payments crisis. As we move into the 21st century, it would counties, and represent an estimated 12 per­ One month ago, India was virtually bankrupt, appear that concerns for geoeconomics will cent of all Empire customers in those areas. with only $1.1 billion of hard currency reserves come to dominate concerns for geopolitics, If approved by the New York State Insurance Department the changes would take effect left to pay for vital foreign imports. with many societies preferring to replicate October 1, 1991. Very courageously, the new Indian adminis­ democratic market-oriented models rather than As 3. result of a new process for setting pre­ tration, led by Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha the totalitarian Marxist approach. If a pacific miums, 50 percent of Empire customers in af­ Rao and Finance Minister Manmohan Singh, and prosperous world order is to be estab­ fected small groups should enjoy a reduction has decided to face up to the intellectual, polit­ lished, it must be hallmarked by free ideas, in their premiums, ranging widely from 1 ical, and structural roots of the current eco­ free institutions, and free trade. In this new percent to approximately 50 percent and nomic crisis. Prime Minister Rao has stated world order, India can be expected to serve as averaging 17 percent. If approved, the that his government "is committed to removing a beacon light to all humankind of what can changes would provide the company's first the cobwebs" that have stifled market-oriented broad-based rate reduction. An estimated 35 be accomplished by a people dedicated to de· percent of affected small-group customers growth and industrialization. The Prime Min­ mocracy, to economic and social betterment, will receive an increase of 50 percent, and 15 ister has indicated he will work toward making rather than class-driven aggression. percent will see smaller increases or no India "internationally competitive" by welcom­ change in their rates. ing foreign direct investment and freeing up Premium increases to individual direct­ foreign trade. By the same token, in order to EMPIRE BLUE CROSS AND BLUE pay customers would range from 20 to 50 per­ overcome the current imbalance of payments, SHIELD OF NEW YORK PRO­ cent, depending on the coverage they have, India appears prepared to negotiate a new POSED RATE CHANGES and would average 34 percent. However, economic adjustment program with the IMF, many members of this segment would re­ ceive subsequent rate reductions 1f a rate re­ possibly linked to various performance criteria, HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON structuring Empire plans for individuals in notwithstanding the potential domestic political OF NEW YORK 1992 receives State approval. controversy associated with such an endeav­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Not affected by the October 1 changes or. would be: Any individual direct-pay cus­ Over the past several weeks, the Govern­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 tomer with Medicare supplemental coverage, ment has taken steps to restrain fiscal prof­ Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, on July 24 small groups with hospital-only or hospital­ ligacy, has slashed the trade-distorting system Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New and-basic-medical coverage, or the Compa­ of export subsidies which also constituted a York announced plans for significant rate ny's 7.4 million customers in groups larger major drain on the Treasury, devalued the changes in its small-group and individual di­ than 49 members, whose premiums are ad­ justed annually based on each group's own rupee by almost 20 percent against the rect-pay markets. This announcement has actual usage of hospital and medical serv­ world's major currencies, promised to abolish generated a fair amount of interest, not only in ices. Finally, the changes will not affect cus­ the archaic sys~em of trade licenses, signifi­ New York but also in Washington, I suppose tomers enrolled in Healthnet, the Company's cantly liberalized its investment policies by al­ because Empire is the Nation's largest not-for­ HMO, or Empire's customers in the Albany lowing majority foreign ownership, and allowed profit health insurer, and because, unlike the or Mid-Hudson regions.

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 (Pt. 14> 48 20920 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 COMMERCIAL INSURERS SKIMMING HEALTHIEST other people by requiring mv testing and spite the intense debate on the fairness of the GROUPS medical exams. We do not plan to do any of Federal tax system and the shift of billions of "The small-group rate changes we propose these things, and intend to maintain our dollars from individuals to corporations by the are necessary primarily because certain open enrollment policy," asserted Mr. Tax Reform Act of 1986 [TRA], very little at­ commercial insurers have aggressively Cardone. Empire's plan to attract healthier small tention has been paid to the question of who skimmed our good risk groups," said Albert bears the corporate tax burden. New empirical A. Cardone, Empire's Chairman and CEO in groups through lower rates will enable the announcing the proposal. "Two bills were in­ insurer to further subsidize higher-use evidence suggests that the commonly used troduced in the New York legislature's last groups. Even after a 50 percent rate increase, corporate tax incidence ratio significantly session to curtail their predatory practices, the premium chargecl to poor-risk small underestimates the amount of the tax borne but both were killed after intense lobbying groups will be about 33 percent less than the by upper-income taxpayers. by these insurers. This situation is further cost of services they receive. From 1983 to 1989 the record-setting eco­ aggravated by extraordinary increases in "We have worked hard to deal with the nomic expansion period benefited all income health care use among a relatively small problem of the uninsured in New York State," explained Mr. Cardone, who said he groups. A significant number of families number of small group customers." moved into higher real income classes during He noted that ordinarily the overall good was aware that a rate increase of the size health of the group arid individual pools sub­ Empire seeks could force some people to the 1980's. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 sidizes the small number of heavy health drop their coverage. "We deeply regret this," [TRA], reduced marginal income tax rates and care users. But he said several commercial he stressed. eliminated numerous loopholes, creating a insurers have targeted and skimmed off Em­ Mr. Cardone claimed that many of the peo­ more progressive tax policy. Furthermore, pire's healthiest small-group customers­ ple in Empire's current community rated while social insurance taxes are regressive, it over 400,000 small-group members have been pools would not be insurable elsewhere. "In order to continue our protection for these is important to realize that when the Social lost in the last three years. "If those people Security system is looked at in terms of bene­ were still with us, no rate increase would people we must have a price list that at­ tracts more healthy citizens. fits and taxes paid, it is highly progressive. now be necessary for either our small-group Unfortunately though, insufficient attention or individual customers." "If our rate restructuring does not take place, and our good-risks groups continue to has been paid to understanding the incidence INDIVIDUAL CUSTOMERS be skimmed, we could no longer be certain of of the corporate income tax. For example, due Empire's Chairman said the proposed rate our ability to provide coverage for New to the uncertainty of the corporate income tax changes for individual, direct-pay customers York's highest health insurance risks. With­ are required because of large increases in the incidence, the Joint Committee on Taxation out us, many of these people would turn to excludes the corporate income tax from their average use of medical services by these peo­ the State. Then, hundreds of millions of dol­ ple. The average cost of their hospital admis­ lars in health care bills would come out of tax burden tables. As a result, the corporate sions is an unprecedented 30 percent higher taxpayers' pockets, through Medicaid or the income tax, which accounts for approximately than that incurred by the rest of Empire's already-overburdened hospital bad debt and 1O percent of all Federal tax revenue, was customers due to the severity of their ill­ charity care fund," warned Empire's Chair­ omitted from statistics referred to frequently nesses. man. during the creation of the 1990 budget agree­ Mr. Cardone also pointed out that all of the new revenue sought in rate increases HEALTH CARE CONSUMERISM URGED ment. On the other hand, other research orga­ would be a pass-through of the cost of Mr. Cardone asserted that Empire does not nizations, such as CBO, do include corporate claims; none of it reflects increases in Em­ create health care costs, and alone, cannot taxes in their economic studies, but arbitrarily pire's administrative expenses. control them. He urged consumers not only assign wage earners and owners of capital to practice healthy lifestyles, but to become each 50 percent of the tax. NEW RATING STRUCTURE "smarter health care shoppers" and "prac­ "As of October 1, Empire plans to divide its The classic 1962 study of corporate taxation tice health care conservation whenever pos­ by Arnold C. Harberger, concluded that the in­ approximately 30,000 small groups that pur­ sible. Consumers must take more control chase major medical products into two sepa­ over health care costs because, ultimately, cidence of the tax depends on firms' ability to rate community-rated pools-one for good they pay for them," he stated. Empire's substitute labor and capital and the substi­ risks and one for poor risks-based on health Chairman pointed out the company has al­ tution elasticity of the product. Recent studies profile questionnaires. Rates for the good­ ways been in the forefront of health edu­ done by economists Jane G. Gravelle of Con­ risk groups would be adjusted on the basis of cation, and vowed the insurer would do all it gressional Research Service and Laurence J. age, sex and location (location is a factor be­ can to help its customers make "more eco­ cause some areas have higher-cost health Kotlikoff of Boston University and the National nomical, smarter health care purchases." Bureau of Economic Research, reexamining providers than others). Empire is making Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield serves these changes so it can compete effectively 9.2 million customers, providing hospital, the Harberger model, have reaffirmed his con­ for groups whose characteristics make them basic medical, major medical, dental pre­ clusion that the majority of corporate taxes fall highly attractive to commercial insurers. scription drug, health maintenance organiza­ on the owners of capital. 1 Gravelle and "Our remaining good-risk groups have tion and Medicare supplemental benefits in Kotlikoff expanded Harberger's possible sce­ been carrying far more than their fair share the 28 eastern counties of New York State. narios for factor and product substitution elas­ of rising health care costs in recent years. Empire is also one of the nation's largest ticities, and determined that the percentage of By dividing our small-group purchasers of Medicare contractors, serving almost three major medical product into two community­ tax falling on capital could vary from 58 to 149 million beneficiaries statewide. In 1990, Em­ percent (see tax charts). rated pools, premiums will be more closely pire issued benefit payments of $7.7 billion aligned with benefits received," Mr. Cardone The charts show the changing burden of the and processed over 28 mlllion Medicare corporate tax, applying the amount of income asserted. He added that Empire plans a simi­ claims. lar step for the downstate individual market each quintile receives from wages and capital and the remainder of the company's investment to the incidence of the corporate downstate small-group market next year. CORPORATE TAX INCIDENCE tax found in different market conditions. Note SOCIAL NEEDS that when over 100 percent of the corporate "Empire has a special social responsibility HON. WIWS D. GRADISON, JR. tax is allocated to capital, the amount of the to offer health insurance to as many New tax that wage earners pay is negative. In such Yorkers as possible. In the past, we have OF OHIO conditions, the corporate tax reduces the in­ blended the best and the worst risks into a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES single pool and charged a single, average centive to invest in firms operating in the cor­ price. But because our best risks have been Wednesday, July 31, 1991 porate form, and increases the returns to skimmed, we are now prevented from offer­ Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, over the past those working in and owners of the ing a single price that is low enough to com­ 1O years, the Federal tax system has under­ noncorporate sector. . pete against insurers that restrict coverage gone historic changes. A considerable amount The results from Gravelle and Kotlikoff's re­ to only the healthiest people. of attention has been focused on its changing search suggest, that in the majority of market "We do not refuse insurance to anyone, progressivity and fairness; however, contrary even those who are already 111. Commercial 1 insurers, however, are free to 'blacklist' oc­ to conventional wisdom, the poor were not Jane G. Gravelle and Laurence J . Kotlikoff. "The handicapped with a larger share of the tax Incidence and Efficiency Costs of Corporate Tax­ cupations identified with AIDS or other ill­ ation when Corporate and Noncorporate Firms nesses, 'redline' neighborhoods where they burden in the 1980's and the rich did not be­ Produce the Same Good," "Journal of Poli ti cal know residents are poor risks, and exclude come richer at the expense of the poor. De- Economy," Vol. 97 (August 1989). July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20921 conditions, capital bears at least 100 percent average amount of income, social, and excise SUMMARY-Continued of the tax rather than the arbitrary and widely taxes paid per family in their respective in­ (In percent] used 50 percent. If so, this has a substantial come quintile. Then, these nur:-.'oers were multiplied by the number of fam111es within Families by income effect on the distribution of taxes paid. The ef­ 1977 1980 1985 1988 1992 the corresponding quintiles to arrive at the aroup fects of using different incidence ratios is final value. Second quintile . -8.46 -6.93 -4.98 -6.25 -5.71 clearly illustrated using the most extreme ratio, The total corporate tax revenue was cal­ Middle quin!ile .. -8.04 -6.34 -4.22 -4.95 -4.32 - 49 percent to 149 percent, found by culated by multiplying the number of fami­ Fourth quintile ... -7.14 -4.92 -3.47 -4.15 -3.55 Highest quintile . 6.02 4.42 3.07 3.37 2.75 Gravelle and Kotlikoff. In 1977, the share of lies per quintile by the amount of corporate Top I0 percent .. 10.32 7.93 5.48 5.86 4.64 the corporate tax borne by the top 1 percent income tax paid per family in the respective Top 5 percent .. .. 14.42 11.68 8.26 8.75 6.69 quintiles. The amount of the tax which was Top 1 percent .. .. 24.84 18.67 13.74 14.28 10.15 of families, ranked by income, rises 143 per­ Changing the cor­ cent from $11 billion using the 50:50 tax ratio borne by wage earners and cap! tal owners de­ porate tax ratio to $26.8 billion using the - 49: 149 tax ratio, pended on the labor/capital ratio of the par­ from 50/50 to ticular simulation model. -49/149: and the share of the total tax burden for the The wage and capt tal share of the cor­ Lowest quintile .. -9.05 -9.33 -6.63 -12.08 -12.12 Second quintile . -12.07 -9.96 -7.17 -8.97 -8.24 top 1 percent of taxpayers increases 36 per­ porate tax distribution was obtained by mul­ Middle quintile .. -11.62 -9.06 -5.99 -7.02 -6.22 cent from 13.65 to 18.52 percent. tiplying the share of family income received Fourth quintile ... -10.24 - 7.04 -4.97 -5.94 -5.05 This holds true for other years as well. In from wages of capital investment of the Highest quintile . 8.64 6.36 4.40 4.83 3.96 Top 10 percent .. 14.81 11.39 7.86 8.41 6.65 1988, assuming a 50:50 labor to capital ratio, specified year by the amount of corporate Top 5 percent .. .. 20.70 16.75 11.83 12.55 9.58 the top 1 percent of taxpayers paid $23.5 bil­ tax borne by the individual quintiles. Top 1 percent .. .. 35.68 26.88 19.72 20.48 14.58 lion, in contrast to $51.1 billion derived by the The total corporate tax statistic was ob­ - 49:149 ratio. Changing the incidence as­ tained by summing the wage and capital share of each respective income class. sumption increases their share of the total tax The total tax burden was derived by adding TRIBUTE TO STEPHANIE ANN burden, from 16.11 to 19.41 percent. In both the total corporate taxes to the previously WOOSTER of these conditions, the amount of corporate calculated total federal taxes paid that ex­ tax paid by the top 1 percent of taxpayers in­ cluded corporate taxes. creased roughly 100 percent between 1977 HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE and 1988. SUMMARY OF PENNSYLVANIA Comparing CBO's labor to capital ratio to a [In percent] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES more likely -19:119 percent ratio also reveals Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Families by income 1977 1980 1985 1988 1992 a significant variance in the tax burden for group Mr. McDADE. Mr. Speaker, I want to extend high-income taxpayers. In 1992, if the cor­ SHARE OF TOTAL TAX my congratulations to Stephanie Ann Wooster porate tax is distributed 50:50, the families in BURDEN for being selected as the Pennsylvania State the highest income quintile would be expected When corporate tax winner in the Veterans of Foreign Wars annual to pay $65.5 billion in corporate taxes, in com­ ~~~~ooristo58J~o~all "Voice of Democracy" scriptwriting contest. parison to $83.3 billion if the taxes are allo­ Lowest quintile .. 1.99 I.SO 1.81 1.49 1.32 Second quintile . 7. 21 6.93 6.83 6.24 5.95 Ms. Wooster's article "Democracy-The Van­ cated with a -19:119 labor to capital ratio. Middle quintile .. 13.43 13.25 13.03 12.53 12.05 guard of Freedom" is timely, insightful and re­ This 27 percent difference in the distribution of Fourth quintile ... 21.58 22 .1 6 21.93 20.72 20.00 minds us all of the necessity for America's vig­ the corporate tax increases the total tax bur­ Highest quintile . 55.79 56.17 56.40 59.02 60.68 Top 10 percent .. 41.20 39 .07 39.44 42 .69 44.80 ilance in helping to further the growth of de­ den for the highest quintile from $657.3 bil­ Top 5 percent .. .. 31.06 27 .40 27.73 31.08 33.50 mocracy. It gives me great pleasure to request lion-50:50 tax ratio-to $675.2 billion, Top 1 percent .. .. 13.65 12 .91 13.54 16.11 18.52 When corporate tax that her essay be included in the RECORD so -19:119 tax ratio, making the highest quintile 0 that we may, once again, be reminded of the responsible for 62 percent of the total tax bur­ ~~~~iri~ 1~fJ~al) Lowest quintile .. 1.93 1.45 1.77 1.43 1.27 special role that America must continue to den-an increase of 2 percentage points. In Second quintile . 6.93 6.71 6.67 6.06 5.79 play in the birth of democracy around the contrast, in 1977, using the 50:50 ratio, the Middle quintile .. 12 .93 12.86 12.78 12.24 11.81 Fourth quintile .. . 20.87 21.66 21.58 20.32 19.67 world. highest quintile paid 56 percent of all Federal Highest quintile . 57 .34 57.32 57 .20 59.94 61.46 Top 1O percent .. 43.17 40.51 40.44 43.85 45.76 DEMOCRACY-THE VANGUARD OF FREEDOM taxes and paid $33.2 billion in corporate taxes, Top 5 percent .. .. 33.14 28.88 28.79 32.34 34.54 but using the - 19: 119 ratio they paid 59 per­ Top 1 percent .. .. 15.22 14.03 14.40 17.18 19.39 (By Stephanie Wooster, Pennsylvania win­ cent of all Federal taxes while paying $44 bil­ When corporate tax ner, 1990-91 VFW Voice of Democracy (labor to capital) Scholarship Program) lion in corporate taxes. ratio is - 19/119: Changing the labor/capital incidence as­ Lowest quintile .. 1.86 1.40 1.72 1.37 1.21 Good Evening, this is World News at six. Second quintile . 6.60 6.45 6.49 5.85 5.61 sumption affects other income classes as well. The big story today: the fight for democratic Middle quintile .. 12.35 12.41 12.48 11.91 11.53 freedom continues in China as the death toll In 1992, the lowest quintile's share of the total Fourth quintile ... 20.04 21.07 21.17 19.86 19.29 Highest quintile . 59 .15 58.65 58.13 61.01 62.35 of the Tiananmen Square Massacre has tax burden will be 8 percent less than when Top 10 percent .. 45 .45 42.17 41.60 45.19 46.88 reached over seven hundred. Deng Xiopeng estimated by CBO's 50:50 corporate tax ratio. Top 5 percent .. .. 35.54 30.60 30.02 33.80 35.74 Top 1 percent .. .. 17 .04 15.32 15.40 18.41 20.40 and his communist regime still refuses to ac­ At the same time, CBO's corporate tax ratio When corporate tax knowledge the true cause for the uprising al­ undervalues the amount the top 1O percent of (labor to capital) though nearly four hundred arrests have ratio is - 49/149: taxpayers will pay by 5 percent. Lowest quintile .. 1.81 1.36 1.69 1.31 1.16 been made of alleged "rioters and vagrants". High-income families carry the vast majority Second quintile . 6.34 6.24 6.34 5.68 5.46 Experts have agreed that although this dem­ Middle quintile .. 11.87 12.05 12.25 11.65 11.30 of the corporate income tax burden; that is, Fourth quintile ... 19.37 20.60 20.84 19.49 18.99 onstration was unsuccessful it has given the their capital to labor income ratio is substan­ Highest quintile . 60.61 59.74 58.88 61.87 63.08 democratic movement the drive it needs to Top 10 percent .. 47 .30 43 .52 42.54 46.28 47.78 continue; the struggle will be long, but they tially higher compared to the other income Top 5 percent .. .. 37.49 31.99 31.01 34.98 36.71 Top 1 percent .. .. 18.52 16.38 16.21 19.41 21.22 feel clearly inevitable. Freedom from gov­ groups. But more importantly, the tables show ernment oppression has rung a happy note that the widely used labor to capital ratio of PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN SHARE today in Poland as Solidarity took a stun­ 50:50 seriously underestimates the amount of OF TOTAL TAX ning win over the Communist Party. In the corporate tax borne by high-income earners, BURDEN first contested elections in over forty years and conversely overestimates the amount of Changing the cor­ the communists suffered a hum111ating de­ porate tax ratio feat. Lech Walesa, one of the most influen­ the tax shouldered by low-income taxpayers. from 50/50 to 18/ In other words, although CBO attempts to dis­ 82: tial leaders of Solidarity, and Communist tribute the corporate income unlike the Lowest quintile .. - 3.02 - 3.33 -2.21 -4.03 -3.79 Party leaders must now try to work out the tax, Second quintile . -3.88 -3.17 -2.34 -2.88 -2.69 problems of Poland and accomplish the true Joint Tax Committee, their incidence assump­ Middle quintile .. - 3.72 - 2.94 - 1.92 -2.31 -1.99 Fourth quintile ... - 3.29 - 2.26 - 1.60 -1.93 -1.65 wishes of the Polish people for democracy. In tions makes the tax system appear less pro­ Hi&hest quintile . 2.78 2.05 1.42 1.56 1.29 other news: the University Square of Bucha­ gressive than it probably is. Top 10 percent .. 4.78 3.69 2.54 2.72 2.14 rest, Romania was the sight of rioting today Top 5 percent .. .. 6.70 5.40 3.82 4.05 3.10 EXPLANATION OF CORPORATE TAX CHARTS Top I percent .. .. 11.50 8.68 6.35 6.64 4.70 as demonstrators lined the perimeter of the The corporate tax charts were compiled en­ Changin& the cor- square and blocked traffic on a busy inter­ tirely with CBO statistics. fr°~t~~ ~!io section, protesting the actions of the current The distribution of taxes paid excluding -19/119: leader Iliescu. Iliescu was put into power corporate taxes was computed by adding the Lowest quintile .. - 6.53 - 6.67 - 4.97 -8.05 -8.33 after the overthrow and assassination of 20922 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 Nicolae Ceasescu earlier this year. Roma­ Basically, 1f you're looking to start a small WINNER OF THE VOICE OF nian people now feel that what they fought business or purchase a franchise, the com­ DEMOCRACY CONTEST against previously has again overtaken pany will do all your research and even help them; the communist ways which they have you find financing if necessary. been held under are continuing to grow in Omachonu had served in a similar capacity HON. TIMOTHY J. ROEMER strength. Al though this riot has been sup­ with the Miami-Dade Chamber of Commerce OF INDIANA pressed by the government somewhat peace­ as the director of the Franchise Technical IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fully, it is one of the few that has ended Assistance Center. , without extreme bloodshed. Wednesday, July 31, 1991 In the past few years news broadcasts con­ "I'm still serving people, but in the long Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, today I, rise to taining these stories were heard almost ev­ run I should be better off financially than at my previous job," she said. recognize the efforts of Janae Kristin Martin of erywhere. It was the beginning of a time Middlebury, IN. Janae, a sophomore at when the rumblings of freedom could be "We service anyone. not just minorities. Northridge High School in Middlebury, is the heard strongly throughout the nation many But. women and minorities seem to have the strive to be like: the United States of Amer­ most problems finding money and knowing State of Indiana's winner of the Veterans of ica. Since 1776, when the formation of our where to go," she said. Foreign Wars Annual Voice of Democracy Constitution was complete, and the truest Mike Generoso, a research analyst word Contest. Her speech is an intelligent and ar­ form of a democracy was put into practice, processor for the Miami-Dade Chamber of ticulate testament to the special meaning of we have been the vanguard for those op­ Commerce, believes that Vintex is destined democracy, freedom, and American citizen­ pressed by government and by dictatorship. for success. ship. I am very proud to share her thoughts The forefathers of our great state laid the and views with my colleagues in the CON­ ground work for a specific democratic ma­ "She's real easy to work with, pleasant chine that has remained strong for two hun­ and not bossy." he said. "Abo is the type of GRESSIONAL RECORD, and congratulate her on dred years. Countries such as Panama and person that is a go-gether. Whatever she has this achievement. the Ph111ppines have looked to us for support to do to succeed, she'll do." DEMOCRACY-THE VANGUARD OF FREEDOM and guidance in their fight for the freedoms Born in London with a family background (By Janae Martin, Indiana winner, 1990-91 we have been able to maintain. Being stead­ tracing to Nigeria, Omachonu knew she VFW Voice of Democracy Scholarship Pro­ fast in the democratic way, it is our respon­ would one day own her own business. But gram) sib111ty to help those countries who are in while attending Texas Southern University They fulfilled their pledge. They paid the search of the riches in government that we in Houston, she said, she didn't have a "true price. And freedom was won. To be born free have found. Franklin Delano Roosevelt once picture" of the complications that would is a privilege. But to die free is an awesome stated, "We must be the arsenal for democ­ evolve. responsib111ty. Yet freedom is never free. It racy," this is still true today as we have re­ But business was in her blood. While at­ is always purchased at great cost. mained the strongest form of it the world tending that school, Omachonu earned It was a sultry summer in Philadelphia, over. The freedoms we enjoy are so plentiful spending money by exporting nonperishable July 4, 1776, that 56 men signed their names it is often hard to grasp the concept of a na­ goods such as clothing and shoes to family beneath the Declaration of Independence. tion without it. Democracy has been the and friends in Nigeria. Each one knew the full meaning of that vanguard for all of the freed'bms we now are After graduating with a degree in business magnificant last paragraph * * * in which entitled to, and the enabling force for all we, his signature pledged his life, his fortune and as citizens, can take part in that makes us administration in the spring of 1984, Omachonu moved to New York, where she his sacred honor. Fifty-six men placed their truly American! Our system of democracy is names after that pledge. Each one knew the vanguard of freedom! spent the next three years working on a mas­ ter's in business management from the New when they signed, that they were risking ev­ York Institute of Technology. erything. They knew that if they succeeded, the best they could expect would be years of TRIBUTE TO ABO OMACHONU Then it was off to Florida to work for Flor­ hardship in a struggling new nation. If they ida Power & Light as a senior customer serv­ lost, they would face a hangman's noose as HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN ice representative. That job lasted three traitors. Indeed, the leaders of this move­ years, and in 1990 she joined the Miami-Dade ment, willing to work with new and unfamil­ OF FLORIDA Chamber of Commerce. iar ideas-brought to us, our Democracy. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Today, Omachonu heads a staff of one, a A stirring picture of the true meaning of Wednesday, July 31, 1991 secretary. With such a small staff, her work­ our liberty is the soaring eagle. Assisted by Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, it is my load is heavy. At such times, her husband of his powerful wings, the eagle glides effort­ four years, Vincent, a professor of industrial lessly to great altitudes, and is capable of pleasure to pay tribute to an outstanding indi­ engineering at the University of Miami, using his wings to carry other eagles to safe­ vidual, Ms. Abo Omachonu. Ms. Omachonu counsels her. ty. The eagle displays the sense of respon­ lives in south Florida and owns and operates "I subscribe to lots of publications, do all sib111ty that is a companion of genuine lib­ Vintex Enterprises, a small business dedicated the research myself and refer my clients to erty. He mates for life and then returns to to helping others launch their own businesses. lending sources," she said. "I do location the same nest each year. making necessary An article in the Monday, July 29, 1991, issue studies for potential franchises and small repairs and additions. He takes an active of the Miami Herald featured Ms. Omachonu role in providing for his family and in teach­ businesses and get information from census ing his young to fly. as a successful working woman whose boss is bureaus in the area. I even do traffic counts The eagle pictures many of those character no one else, but herself. myself using a stopwatch." qualities that made America great. This TRIBUTE TO MS. ABO 0MACHONU Fees aren't astronomical, but if you're must be reinstilled in our generation if we (By Charles B. Rabin) looking to franchise or start a business it's are to preserve for our children and grand­ Abo Omachonu likes her chances for suc­ not going to be cheap. After a free initial children. the freedoms which God has so gra­ cess. consultation, Vintex charges $50 for the first ciously entrusted to us. What lies behind The 32-year-old entrepreneur has started a hour and $25 each additional hour. Time this abundance of freedoms, which are the Coral Gables-based small business and fran­ spent on research is included in the fee. envy of the world? chise resource center that caters to women Omachonu believes success and a good Freedom is a breath of air. Pine-scented or and minorities, named Vintex Enterprises. work ethic go hand in hand. salty like the sea. Freedom is my grand­ She says she came up with the idea after father's field newly plowed, furrows of de­ "Work doesn't end when I shut the door mocracy. Some say the land itself has made seeing a study by the U.S. House Committee and go home," she said. "I'm going to do ev­ on Small Business that stated businesses America great. One of our most moving pa­ erything I have to, to make myself success­ triotic hymns cites the beauty of America, a that are started by women succeed 75 per­ ful." cent of the time. beauty that all who have traveled across the "I started the company two months ago. I wish Ms. Omachonu much success in her continent surely recognize. From the snow­ Women are going into business faster than new business, Vintex. She is a role model for capped Rockies of Colorado, and from the men and their businesses succeed more young aspiring business men and women heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania, often," Omachonu said. God has shed his grace on this land-a vast With that in mind, Omachonu decided to throughout south Florlda and now, the United unexplored wilderness that, in a short period go in to business for herself ''so I can better States. She proves that with the proper moti­ grew into a great nation. serve people and have the latitude to run a vation and a little Ingenuity, one can do any­ Others have said that America's people one-stop shop." thing-even start her own business. have made her great. Lyman Abott once July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20923 said, "A nation is made great, not by its for more than two decades. Yet, today the call Internal Revenue Code would bring rr ...my ben­ fruitful acres, but by the men who cultivate for health care reform has reached new efits to our Nation including a surge in sav­ them; not by its great forests, but by the heights. ings, investment, productivity, and growth. men who use them; and not by its mines, but This urgency may reflect the fact that not by the men who build and run them. America U.S. CAN Do BETTER WITHOUT INCOME TAX was a great land when Columbus discovered only are a large and growing minority of Amer­ (By Pat Buchanan) it; Americans have made of it a great na­ icans-well over 30 million people-without WASHINGTON.-As the tax revolt was "the" tion." And, so they have. health insurance protection, but millions of oth­ idea of 1978 and 1980, and term limitations These people subdued the elements that at ers now see the system they count on in jeop­ were "the" idea of 1990, a popular movement first worked against them, that molded a so­ ardy. to abolish the federal income tax could be ciety of peoples from all over the world. Uncontrolled health care costs, inequitable "the" idea of the decade. America's initiative and ingenuity are access to care, concerns about quality and a Mid-April is not a bad time to get a recep­ known across the earth. bureaucratic morass in the administration of tive hearing. Freedom is a printing press-the power of First, some history. Until 1913, the federal the pen! And because of America's belief in health insurance programs have evoked wide­ government ran entirely on tariffs and fees. freedom of speech and thought, she has not spread interest in restructuring the health care In those 13 decades from 1789 on, we went hidden her scars, but they are there for the system in this country. from being a small farming country to be­ world to see. While those who run a con­ Calls for reform from business, labor, gov­ come the greatest industrial power on trolled press look on amazed. ernment, health professionals and the general earth-with growth rates unequaled since. Freedom is my country church or my public have focused on containing costs, en­ In 1913, after passage of the 16th Amend­ neighbors cathedral's stately spire; but free­ hancing the quality of care and providing ac­ ment, a federal income tax was imposed. It dom is also a spirit that can set any soul on cess to necessary health services for all our amounted to just 1 percent for incomes in ex­ fire. There are many evidences that our na­ cess of $3,000 ($4,000 for married couples), tion was founded on this commitment to God citizens. with small surtaxes up to 6 percent on in­ and the principles of His word. As a past member of the board of directors comes from $20,000 to $500,000--the filthy America's free enterprise system and the at Sacred Heart Hospital, I am very aware of rich. spirit of her people have given us the free­ the current crisis facing our health care sys­ By 1950, an average U.S. family of four still dom from want. Through the decades she has tem. In fact, 90 percent of Americans say that sent only 2 percent of its income to the opened her heart to the poor of the world. fundamental changes are needed in the Na­ Treasury. Last year, however, the feds were She has given generously to every nation, tion's health care system. And yet, it is not just taking 24 percent, which helps explain the even her enemies in time of emergency. the health care consumers that expresses this. Reagan Revolution. No, America did not just happen by Comes now an idea for total abolition of chance, as is obvious to a person who truly In fact, providers and private and public pay­ the federal income tax, not only on individ­ understands the unfolding saga of events ers area also facing increasing difficulty in uals but on corporations, and of estate and that shaped this nation. meeting the demands for health care. gift taxes as well. Cost to the Treasury as of Whatever impression we had of the men However, I think that few would disagree 1990: $558 billion. How could the feds recoup who met that hot summer in Philadelphia, that we must expand health care to all Ameri­ that immense sum? Simple. Impose, at the we must remember this about them. They cans. However, the question before us is how retail level, a 16 percent federal sales tax. considered liberty and they had learned that do we effectively and reasonably do this? I Since goods and services exceeded $3.5 tril­ liberty is more important than security. strongly feel that health care should be a pri­ lion last year, that 16 percent sales tax They pledged their lives, their fortunes, and ority of our Nation's domestic agenda and I would fully compensate the U.S. Treasury their sacred honor. And they fulfilled their for what was lost. pledge. They ;;>aid the price. And freedom was look forward to the debate on health care. While the idea is at first a shocker, con­ born. There is a clear consensus on the need for sider the benefits. action, but we are no where near achieving As consumption, not savings, would be consensus on what course of action we taxed the U.S. savings rate, an anemic 3 per­ HEALTH CARE CRISIS should pursue. The question is no longer cent in 1988, would explode. Individuals who when; the question is how. It is incumbent salted money away in banks, bonds and HON. CURT WELDON upon us here in this body to provide the an­ stocks would see it pile up, untaxed until swers. they took it out and spent it. Corporations OF PENNSYLVANIA would not only have $100 billion more in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES saved income taxes for research, production Wednesday, July 31, 1991 and marketing, they would have access to TIME TO RESTRUCTURE THE U.S. hundreds of billions more in a vastly en­ Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to TAX CODE larged U.S. savings pool. support the efforts of my colleagues in ad­ Since the corporate income tax, 34 percent, dressing one of the most pressing issues fac­ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE would no longer have to be factored into ing our society today. As we all know, our prices, U.S. goods would compete more favor­ OF ILLINOIS ably with imports. Subsidiaries of foreign country is currently facing a health care crisis. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In fact, we find ourselves in a period of in­ firms, which now pay an average of 1 percent Wednesday, July 31, 1991 in corporate income taxes, would be required tense discussion and debate about national in­ to compete on a level playing field. surance and universal coverage, with several Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the United States Foreigners buying our products and tour­ commissions and many health policy advo­ finds itself in a financial mess the likes of ists visiting the U.S. would begin contribut­ cates proposing various forms of universal which it has never known before. Yet consist­ ing to the U.S. defense budget. Illegal aliens coverage in the expectation that the United ently, year in and year out, Congress contin­ would also begin contributing-on a par with States will enact some broad based national ues on the path to destruction through tax and U.S. citizens. program within the next few years. spend policies that ultimately destroy oppor­ The IRS, 94 percent of whose work involves According to a recent General Accounting tunity and prosperity for the people of our income taxes, could be virtually shut down. Some 5.3 billion man-hours spent filling out Office report, 35 million Americans have no country. The time is long overdue for Con­ income tax forms (at $10 per hour, that's $53 health care coverage at all, public or private, gress to take a thorough and honest review of billion) would be saved. The underground and the number appears to be rising. In addi­ our tax system and our spending priorities. economy, which evades taxes on unreported tion, millions more have inadequate insurance Business as usual is driving this country to the transactions, could not escape the 16 .percent that leaves them vulnerable to large expenses brink of economic bankruptcy and therefore sales tax at the grocery store, restaurant, that excludes care of preexisting conditions or we need some fresh and revolutionary ideas department store or auto showroom. A hun­ that may be lost if they become seriously ill. to lead our Nation and its economy to vigor­ dred b1llion in lost federal revenue would be The 1990's is not the first time Americans ous growth into the 21st century. captured. The feds would not have to bother have questioned the adequacy of the medical In that spirit I commend to my colleagues an harassing waitresses for what they think was care system. Millions of Americans have long April 1991, syndicated column by Pat their tip income; the ladies would simply pay lacked the basic insurance protection needed Bushanan that proposes a fundamental reform their federal taxes at the department store to assure access to health care and these of our Nation's tax system. Such proposals to counter, with no hassle. We would not have costs have risen rapidly and almost inexorably simplify or eliminate that morass we call the to gab about tax simplification; we would 20924 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 have it. Small business, already set up for The Hemispheric Congress will be sponsoring I hope this project serves as notice that in­ imposing sales taxes at the state level, would their celebration in conjunction with the Inter­ dustry and government institutions can work see accounting expensas disappear. continental Food and Beverages Exhibition Tax collection would be a piece of cake. together toward technological developments Hundreds of thousands of IRS agents, tax and the Florida Export Products Exposition. that benefit nature and man. lawyers and accountants could be released This year's Hemispheric Congress will focus COPPER MINING TEST UNVEILED for more useful work. D.C . lobbyists who on the various private sector opportunities (By Susan Wootton) spend their days devising loopholes, and con­ available to the Latin American countries. The If a research project near Casa Grande is gressmen whose PAC money depends on giv­ Hemispheric Congress will also try to consoli­ successful, miners someday will be able to ing and withholding favors in the federal tax date the business sector. This, if successful, pull copper from the earth without mine code, would become superfluous men. will result in immense profits for all corpora­ shafts, open pits, tailings dumps or smelters. Workers would take home all the money tions involved. Asarco Inc., the U.S. Bureau of Mines and they earned, and hard workers all their over­ Freeport-McMoRan Inc., a company with time. Both would feel it each time they paid For the first time in Hemispheric Congress' history, the celebration will feature a unique copper mines in Indonesia, are gambling S23 federal taxes; both would know whom to million on the belief that copper deep in the blame. Matchmaker. Program which will integrate Latin earth can be dissovled out of solid granite The tax on work in the U.S. would be re­ American exporters and importers with Florida and pumped to the surface without disturb­ duced to zero, on savings to zero, on invest­ manufacturers suppliers and importers. The ing soil, rock and groundwater. ment to zero, making America the most at­ benefits available from this type of interaction Hank Kreis, site manager for the Santa tractive nation on earth to work in, save in, are obvious. Florida's entire economic commu­ Cruz Joint Venture Research Project, said invest in. Foreign capital would flood into the idea for the project started 17 years ago the United States, creating millions of new nity will develop as various business deals are jobs. made as a result of this program. The Match­ when Asarco and Freeport-McMoRan took a Among the losers: maker Program is essentially a redesigned second look at some retired farmland with First, the ideologues who believe the fed­ deep, low-grade copper deposits. The site is version of the Hemispheric Congress' popular about halfway between Casa Grande and eral tax code should be used to redistribute Sanchez-to-Sanchez-to-Smith Program. This wealth and income would be out of business. Stanfield, 2112 miles northwest of the Fran­ Second, organized crime and professional program tries to unite the various corporations cisco Grande Resort. The actual research cheats who now evade taxes by not reporting from Central America, South America, and the began September 1988 with a grant from the income. The mobster who pays no tax on his United States. This union strengthens all three Bureau of Mines. sale of 10 kilos of cocaine could not avoid markets and allows for tremendous expansion The researchers dug a 1,800-foot well that that 16 percent federal sales tax when he and development. cuts through 500 feet of soil, silt, clay and bought his Porsche, his power boat and his I would like to reemphasize the extraor­ gravel, 150 feet of basin fill aquifer, about pool house. 1,000 feet of granite bedrock and ends in· a de­ dinary impact the XII Hemispheric Congress of posit of mineralized copper oxide. Third, bureaucrats would lose power over Latin Chambers of Commerce and Industry the lives of citizens that is theirs by virtue From SO feet in four directions from the of their intimate knowledge of the wealth has had on the Florida and Latin American first well, they dug four more wells to the and income-and sources of same-for every communities. Without the achievements of a same depth. one of us. few concerned citizens, the success of this These five wells were lined with acid-re­ Who would resist? Hemispheric Congress would not have been sistant cement and steel to 1,200 feet. The Well, since a steep progressive income tax possible. The following members of the Hemi­ holes were deepened to 1,800 feet. Fiberglass­ was one of the ideas advanced by Karl Marx spheric Congress should be recognized for reinforced pipes were inserted and cemented in his " Communist Manifesto"-for destroy­ into place with the acid-resistant cement so ing the bourgeois-his closet followers would their achievements, and admired for their dedi­ no solution could leak around the outside of fight to the bitter end. For the social level­ cation to the community: Luis Sabines, Manuel the pipes. ers, a proposal to replace the federal income Vega, Orlando Naranjo, William Alexander, Between a depth of 1,570 feet and 1,770 feet, tax with a federal sales tax is The Little Big Jay Rodriguez, Hugo Villalobos Gonzalez, the casings were pierced with holes a foot Horn. Robert Leith, Waldo Castro-Molleda, lsandra apart. One political problem comes to mind. As Fernandez, Antonio Moreno, Gaston Riera, Five monitoring wells were drilled around the poor, thanks to the Reagan tax cuts, do Gladys Montiel, Arturo Perez, Miguel Uria, the deep wells into the basin-fill aquifer, not pay federal income taxes, and the work­ Otto Merida, Rafael Uba.rri, Linda Guerra Mat­ where ground water is stored. ing class do not pay at 16 percent, they For the last three months, the research would at first appear to be net losers. This thews, Jose Antonio Font, and Jose F. Nino. team has been pumping salt water down the would have to be dealt with. center well and up the surrounding wells to But consider the upside. An economic see if anything is leaking into the ground­ boom-with no more audits, no more having COPPER MINING TEST UNVEILED water. Those tests will continue another to store vast records, no more having to an­ month. swer indecipherable computer-written IRS HON. JIM KOLBE The saltwater is moving through the 90 letters, no more April 15. Free at last! For feet of granite and copper oxide the way the information, write Citizens for an Alter­ OF ARIZONA researchers hope a weak solution of sulfuric native Tax System, Glendale, Calif. 91207. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES acid will move through it-except the acid Wednesday, July 31, 1991 solution will dissolve the copper oxide trapped in the rock so instead of recovering XII HEMISPHERIC CONGRESS OF Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, I want to com­ saltwater, they will recover a solution of LATIN CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE mend to my colleagues an article appearing in water, sulfuric acid and copper sulfate with­ AND INDUSTRY CELEBRATED the Casa Grande Dispatch, June 28, 1991, out the loss of any of the solution into the which details a research project near Casa surrounding environment. Grande, AZ, that is working tu mine copper The copper can be retrieved from the cop­ HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN from the Earth without disturbing the surround­ per-rich solution with conventional solvent­ OF FLORIDA ing environment. Here is an example of how extraction electrowinning, Kreis said. In the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES process, an electric current draws copper economic and technological progress can lead Wednesday, July 31, 1991 molecules out of the solution and deposits the way to a cleaner environment. them on copper plates. The result is copper Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I would Asarco Inc., the U.S. Bureau of Mines, and more than 95 percent pure with no smelting like to bring to my colleague's attention the the Freeport-McMoRan, Inc., have invested and no tailing dumps-these mountains of celebration of the XI I Hemispheric Congress of $23 million in the Santa Cruz joint venture re­ copper waste that surround most mining Latin Chambers of Commerce and Industry. search project. The researchers are attempt­ towns in Arizona. Founded 30 years ago, the congress plays an ing to dissolve the copper out of the solid If the results of the saltwater tests look important role in the improvement of both granite with sulfuric acid and pump it to the good, the team will repeat the tests with sul­ surface without adversely affecting the soil, furic acid, which may be in about two years, Latin American and Floridian economies, and, Kreis said. as such, is a welcome event in our commu­ rock, or ground water. The site workers have The process may not work, he said, or it nity. tested the ideal with salt water to insure may work but be too expensive to be feasible This year, the Hemispheric Congress will be against any leakage into the ground water and on a large scale. But if it works and is fea­ held in Miami from September 18 through 21. the results look successful. sible, it will give the mining industry an en- July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20925 vironmentally safe, low-cost way to extract than those same x rays conducted by a chiro­ RESOLUTION copper without affecting the beauty of the practor. (A joint resolution from the Science, Space, earth's surface. My legislation is very simple and is narrowly and Technology Committee of the 1990 Kreis described the project to farmers and Princeton University Model Congress) government officials at Thursday's meeting written. It will allow chiropractors to be reim­ of the Groundwater Users Advisory Council bursed for manual manipulation of the spine FEDERAL INCENTIVE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN AS A FUEL for the Pinal Active Management Area, in­ and physical examinations and x rays fur­ Whereas fossil fuels pump billions of tons cluding Rep. Roger Hooper (R-Casa Grande); nished to an individual to determine if such the chairman of the county board of super­ of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere annu­ treatment is appropriate. Medicare already re­ ally, causing global warming, acid rain, and visors, Dean Weatherly; Casa Grande Librar­ quires an x ray, States have already licensed ian David Snider and representatives of the smog; Department of Water Resources. chiropractors to perform x rays as well as Whereas the carbon dioxide derived from He said the researchers encouraged visits physical exams; this legislation will allow chiro­ fossil fuels accounts for approximately 40% to the site. practors to be reimbursed for these mandatory of the greenhouse gases and measurable glob­ services. al warming; Whereas the world, at the current rate, is Its time we move Medicare reimbursement headed for an 80% increase in carbon emis­ MEDICARE REIMBURSEMENT FOR laws up to the 1990's and provide reimburse­ sions in the next two decades; CHIROPRACTORS ment for activities already licensed by all the Whereas, with 5% of the world's popu­ States. Chiropractors are already performing lation, the United States is responsible for HON. JIM MOODY these services. It is in the patients best inter­ 26% of the world's carbon emissions; Whereas carbon emissions cause acid rain, OF WISCONSIN est that Medicare provide reimbursement for which kills forests and fish, damages crops, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them. I urge my colleagues to support this leg­ and destroys ancient works of art; Wednesday, July 31, 1991 islation. Whereas pollution from fossil fuels is a health threat throughout the world; Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to in­ Whereas hydrogen is a plausible substitute troduce legislation to allow Medicare to reim­ for fossil fuels and is one of the more abun­ burse chiropractors for x rays and physical A FEDERAL INCENTIVE FOR THE dant elements in the universe; exams when performed to determine if manual DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN Whereas hydrogen can be produced from manipulation of the spine is an appropriate AS A FUEL water and does not introduce oxides of car­ bon into the atmosphere; treatment for a spinal problem. This is com­ Whereas a hydrogen-based economy would panion legislation to S. 614 introduced by have water vapor as its major waste product; Senator DASCHLE. HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Whereas all types of internal-combustion Under current law, chiropractors are reim­ OF CALIFORNIA engines can burn hydrogen with minor ad­ justments; bursed by Medicare for performing manual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES manipulation of the spine to correct a sub­ Whereas existing natural gas pipelines luxation of the spine. A diagnostic x ray is re­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 could be adapted for transportation of hydro­ gen to homes for the purposes of heating and quired by law before such manual manipula­ as a replacement, in some cases, for elec­ tion can be performed; however, Medicare will Mr. BROWN. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Science, Space, and Technology Commit­ tricity as an energy source; not reimburse a chiropractor for the x ray. In Whereas hydrogen can be stored more eas­ addition, before performing manual manipula­ tee, I often have the pleasure of meeting sci­ ily than electricity; tion of the spine, physical exams are routinely entists of international acclaim-men and Whereas hydrogen has two to five times performed by chiropractors as part of their women devoting their lives to improving the the energy, by weight, of gasoline; standards of care. Medicare will not reimburse environment we share. I am constantly im­ Whereas the substantial savings in weight pressed by their work, and optimistic about the over an equivalent load of jet fuel gives hy­ for the physical exam either. drogen a distinct advantage as an aviation The Rand Corp. is currently conducting a benefit to society that results from the accom­ plishments of these professionals. fuel; study of the effectiveness of manual manipula­ Whereas hydrogen is cheaper than fossil tion of the spine. A recent New York Times ar­ While it is always important to recognize the fuels when the overall environmental dam­ ticle highlights the study and states: outstanding achievements of our science pro­ age is assessed and paid; But perhaps the most convincing sign that fessionals, this morning I would like to com­ Whereas hydrogen can be manufactured the therapy is moving center stage is that ment on the work of some of our young peo­ from non-polluting sources; researchers at the Rand Corp., who have ple. Whereas hydrogen is one of the safest studied the medical ut111ty of coronary by­ fuels, and a hydrogen fire is less dangerous pass surgery and hysterectomies, have re­ At the 1990 Princeton University Model than a fossil fuel fire; cently turned their attention to spinal ma­ Congress, the Science, Space, and Tech­ Whereas the United States need not be de­ nipulation. And to their surprise, early stud­ nology Committee debated the need for great­ pendent on the Middle East or any other re­ ies indicate that the technique holds up well. er use of alternative fuels. With global warm­ gion for energy products if we develop a hy­ ing taking center stage in the worldwide dis­ drogen economy: Their study showed that patients with cer­ Now therefore, be it Resolved by the 1990 tain types of low back pain "had significant re­ cussions of environmental concerns, the par­ Princeton University Model Congress of the lief after manipulation and were able to return ticipants at the Model Congress passed a res­ United States that the federal government to work sooner than similar patients treated olution calling for a Federal incentive for the will offer an incentive for the development of with conventional methods." development of hydrogen as a fuel. hydrogen as a fuel; specifically, electricity is The result of current law is that Medicare While many of the points contained in the to be furnished from the Tennessee Valley beneficiaries who could best be treated by Authority, a government owned company, at resolution are assumptions not yet proven by one-third of the usual cost, to private com­ manual manipulation of the spine are seeing science, I would like to note that the spirit and panies that build manufacturing plants and physicians and creating higher costs to Medi­ intent of the proposed resolution are com­ storage fac111ties for hydrogen. care through more costly treatment. In other mendable. If hydrogen-related technologies cases, beneficiaries are seeing chiropractors can be adequately developed and their costs and paying for the x rays and exams out of adequately reduced to be fully competitive PRESIDENT BUSH SPEAKS ON THE their own pockets-a cost many seniors can­ with other energy systems, then hydrogen sys­ ARTS not afford. Yet another scenario is that a ben­ tems have numerous desirable features, some eficiary must see an approved provider for the of which are indicated by the proposed resolu­ HON. TED WEISS x ray and physical exam and then transfer tion. I would therefore like to express my ap­ OF NEW YORK these documents to the chiropractor for treat­ preciation for their effort and include the reso­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment. This phenomena is often referred to as lution, authored by Cadet Charles Lee, a high passing through a "gateway" controlled by school student from Army and Navy Academy Wednesday, July 31, 1991 other providers. Typically, x-ray services per­ in Carlsbad, CA, in the CONGRESSIONAL Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, in presenting the formed by a radiologist are more expensive RECORD: National Medal of Arts awards to several dis- 20926 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 tinguished American artists and cultural lead­ west. His works evoke scenes as various as liantly. Thank you. Congratulations. It's a ers, President Bush delivered an eloquent and soaring mountain summits and quiet forest joy to have you here. supportive statement on the arts in the Nation. floors checkered by slanting sunbeams. And now, I'd simply like to ask John He praised each of the recipients-from coun­ Roy Acuff keeps alive the undying tradi­ Frohnmayer to assist me in presenting to tion of authentic country music-and I con­ you these symbols of our nation's gratitude try music legend Roy Acuff to dance artist fess, I love that music. And he has helped and high esteem. (Applause) Honi Coles to world-acclaimed musician Isaac make country music-really he's the father Stern-and also spoke of the necessary and of it, you might say. I don't want to date positive aspects of the arts in American life. Roy, but-(laughter)-the father, and really ANOTHER LOOK AT U.S. FAMILY President Bush stated: has made it what it is today-a music for all PLANNING ASSISTANCE Our artists draw on inspirations and cul­ Americans, an art form that doesn';t hold ture from around the world, then reinterpret back one single thing. And it captures the them in distinctive ways, creative ways, joys and the aches and the frustrations that HON. CHESTER G. ATKINS American ways. And their passion and their most of us feel, but few of us can express. OF MASSACHUSETTTS genius and their courage add new dimensions In a world where people too often try to re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to our lives. They remind me of a truth ex­ duce life's imponderables to black-and-white pressed long ago by William Blake, who entries on a spreadsheet, our award winners Wednesday, July 31, 1991 wrote: " Nations are destroyed or flourish in provide color and depth and perspective. Mr. ATKINS. Mr. Speaker, both the House proportion as their poetry, painting, and Teacher and painter Richard Diebenkorn and the Senate have recently voted to reverse music are destroyed or flourish. does not blink from the challenge of express­ the administration's Mexico City policy. This ing himself as he sees fit. In his studio or his I commend President Bush on his insight detrimental policy prohibits U.S. funds from into the importance of the arts to our national classroom, he teaches the importance-the necessity-of personal integrity. Honi going to nongovernmental or multilateral orga­ identity and heritage. I insert the full text of the Coles-Charles "Honi" Coles' exuberant nizations that counsel women about abortion President's remarks at the National Medal of dance captures the sheer vitality and the joy in countries where abortion is legal, or that Arts ceremony on July 9, 1991, in the of the American spirit. And it shows that use their own non-U.S. funds to perform abor­ RECORD: you can't be fully American without break­ tions. These regulations exist despite the fact REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT IN PRESENTATION ing into a sweat and having fun from time to that it has been illegal to use U.S. foreign as­ OF NATIONAL MEDAL OF THE ARTS time. (Laughter.) sistance funds to perform abortions since Thank you all for coming to the White We often talk of a new world characterized by competition and enterprise, but our kids 1973. House. And I'm sure glad we're doing this in­ The incidence of illegal abortion in Latin doors-(laughter)-instead of out. But may I will not enjoy full lives if they don't experi­ salute Secretary Lujan, a member of our ence and appreciate art. A life without art is America has continued to climb despite the Cabinet. Mr. Frohnmayer, my dear friend flat and dull and gray. And it contains none Mexico City policy. Perhaps an explanation for who heads this arts effort, and does it most of the highs and lows that give meaning to this is that the international family planning effectively, I might say. Senator Hatch was daily affairs. community has been deprived of much-need­ to be-right back here, Orrin Hatch. And Some of our honorees have devoted their ed financial support. As a result of this and then, in front of him, Chairman-our distin­ careers to ensuring that all Americans enjoy other factors, the standard of living of women guished Senator Claiborne Pell. And Con­ the enriching influence of art. Maurice Abravanel keeps symphony music in developing countries remains at a pitiable gressman Yates was coming and he is over­ level. modestly in the back row, along with an­ popular by conducting and teaching with his other Congressman, Ralph Regula there-but Utah Symphony. Santa Fe Opera's John The Mexico City policy's detrimental effects more than welcome. Both champions of the Crosby gives young American singers the op­ on hemispheric development possibilities as arts, bringing good judgment and balance to portunity to train and perform here in their well as the often tragic impact it has on indi­ the questions that concern us all. So I salute own country. And Isaac Stern-Barbara de­ vidual women warrant serious reconsideration them. manded to sit next to Isaac Stern-(laugh­ of this policy on the part of the Bush adminis­ And let me just say how pleased we are to ter)-expresses the nobility that lies within tration. I would like to insert into the RECORD see here the members of the President's us all with his heart and that magnificent violin. And just this year, in the middle of a a thought-provoking article which first ap­ Committee on the Arts and the Humanities­ peared in .the July 31 issue of the Washington so many corporate patrons without whom threatened Scud attack-Scud missile at­ the arts would not flourish as much as they tack in Tel Aviv, he returned to the stage Report on the Hemisphere, a biweekly publi­ do-and then, of course, especially today, the and continued playing. Isaac Stern does cation of the Washington-based Council on family and the friends of the honored recipi­ more than play an instrument; he inspires us Hemispheric Affairs [COHA). I encourage my ents. with his virtuosity, his courage and his colleagues to read this timely article authored We're delighted to welcome you to this his­ comitment to humanity. by COHA research associate Julia C. Bullock. toric East Room. This afternoon, we honor We also want to recognize benefactors who, through vision and steadfast commitment, ANOTHER LOOK AT U.S. FAMILY PLANNING with the National Medal of the Arts a group ASSISTANCE of men and women whose creative efforts keep art alive. American art thrives because really do capture America's vigor and spirit. of arts administrators like our own J. Carter (By Julia C. Bullock) Our artists draw on inspirations and cul­ Brown, who has molded the National Gallery The international family planning commu­ tures from around the world, but them rein­ into a museum really for the entire nation. nity breathed a sigh of relief as the Senate terpret them in distinctive ways, creative Volunteers enhance our arts: men and passed the Foreign Aid Authorization Bill on ways, American ways. And their passion and women like R. Ph111ps Hanes, Jr., whose gen­ July 26 by an overwhelming margin of 74 to their genius and their courage add new di­ erous patronage has guided the regional and 18. This bill effectively reversed the so-called mension to our lives. They remind us of a national growth of the Arts Council move­ Mexico City policy, which forbids U.S. fund­ truth expressed long ago by William Blake, ment. It is unlikely, but Ph111p will not want ing of international non-governmental fam­ who wrote: " Nations are destroyed or flour­ to claim that he and I were classmates at ily planning organizations whose programs ish in proportion as their poetry, painting, college many years ago, but I claim it­ include abortion counseling, information or and music are destroyed or flourish.'' proudly, as a matter of fact. (Laughter.) referrals. Washington's policy, first an­ And fortunately for us, art in America is We owe a debt to passionate stewards of nounced at the 1984 meeting of the United alive and well. In all its forms, it captures the arts such as the famed Kitty Carlisle Nations International Conference on Popu­ the .exhilarating feeling of being an Amer­ Hart, a distinguished performer committed lation, restricts aid regardless of whether ican-daring everything, dreaming every­ to making quality art available to all Ameri­ U.S. assistance is directly used for these pur­ thing, reaching for everything. And more im­ cans. And artists can continue to develop poses. The July 26 vote would allot $20 mil­ portantly, it inspires Americans to dare and flourish, as I mentioned earlier, because lion in aid to UNFPA, making this sum the more, dream more and reach further. of corporate sponsors like Texaco, which has first contribution that the organization has Today, we honor several. The honorees ex­ set a standard in corporate philanthropy received from this country since all U.S. as­ press .-vital emotions and truths. Pearl Pri­ through its half-century of generous support sistance was cut off in 1985. mus weaves together dance and anthropol­ for the arts. Even though the legislation passed both ogy; calls forth the joy and excitement and As we honor these beacons of excellence, the House and the Senate, President Bush is spiritual vigor of our African and Caribbean I'm reminded of something that President expected to veto it as part of his uncompro­ heritage. Pietro Belluschi's innovative archi­ Kennedy once said: "In serving his vision, mising anti-abortion stance. The White tectural designs-they evoke the grandeur of the artist best serves his nation." And you House has blocked several previous attempts this land, particularly the Pacific North- honorees have all served our nation br11- to unshackle the family planning commu- July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20927 nity from restrictive government regula­ 3.6 in 1990, with these countries now having competitiveness and Congress should remove tions. For example, in late 1989, contrary to a higher standard of living than people in this self-defeating policy. the mandates of the Mexico City policy, Con­ any other Third World region. Yet the debt ROCKWELL To SELL UNIT To ALCATEL gress attempted to resume its funding of the crisis of the 1980s has forced many states to United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), put family planning on the back burner in FRENCH PHONE CONCERN ENHANCES POSITION IN but was thwarted by the threat of a presi­ order to adequately service their foreign TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS dential veto. Policy hinges on abortion issue. debt obligations, which wlll ultimately PARIS, July 12.-Alcatel N.V. said today Officially, the reason for preserving the compound their financial problems, with that it had agreed to buy a division of the Mexico City regulation is the Bush adminis­ even more mouths to feed. Rockwell International Corporation for $625 tration's moral objection to subsidizing To further complicate this situation, the million, a move analysts said would enhance abortions. However, the Authorization Bill's Population Crisis Committee reports that the position of the French telecommuni­ supporters believe that these concerns are the exorbitant prices on the open market for cations company in the United States. unwarranted because the United States has contraceptives put them out of reach of the Alcatel is buying Rockwell's Network forbidden such uses of federal aid since the average person in most developing countries. Transmission Systems division based in Dal­ Helms amendment to the Foreign Assistance For example, in Bolivia, workers pay 5.7 per­ las, a leading North American supplier of Act was passed in 1973. Furthermore, the 1984 cent of their wages for a year's supply of transmission systems for handling voice, policy declaration, which denies funding to condoms, and for birth control pills, 7.4 per­ image and data traffic. programs that " perform or actively pro­ cent. If their U.S. counterparts were subject "It is the right time to get in there," said mote" abortions, has been interpreted by the to such a formidable price scale, they would Christophe Cherblanc, an analyst at the Reagan and Bush administrations so widely have to pay Sl,048.80 annually for condoms, Paris-based stockbroker Chalet Dupont. that health care providers cannot even an­ instead of the $92 now paid, with the price of "The transmission market is growing fast." swer a patient's questions about this simple birth control p1lls being $1,453.09 a year, Jozef Cornu, an executive vice president of medical prqcedure. compared with the present figure of S216. Alcatel, said the company stood to take sec­ Indeed, such a hard-line position by the Predictably, the birth rate in Bolivia is high, ond place in the American market for send­ White House against abortion has prompted averaging 6.1 births per woman. In addition, ing calls over fixed lines. many U.S.-funded foreign organizations to for every 100,000 babies born, 480 women die " The Rockwell acquisition gives us the overcomply with Mexico City policy guide­ in childbirth. Non-governmental organiza­ possib111ty of becoming No. 2 in line trans­ lines, fearing the loss of vital assistance tions like IPPF and UNFPA, working hand­ mission in the U.S. market," he said. from Washington, As a result, many Latin in-hand with individual governmental family "A.T.&T. wlll stlll be a dominant first," he American clinics refuse to even remotely as­ planning programs, still manage to provide added, referring to the American Telephone sociate themselves with abortion, and their affordable and easily accessible contracep­ and Telegraph Company, the nation's largest medical staffs are often reluctant to inform tives, in spite of the U.S. cut-off. Supporters telephone company. "But I think we become women even in cases where it would be life­ of family planning charge that restricting a credible second." threa tening for them to carry their preg­ the financing of such groups will only aggra­ Alcatel has 4 percent of the existing Amer­ nancies to term. Women hemorrhaging from vate such social maladies as the catastrophic ican market for transmission systems, while botched back-alley abortions as well have number of lllegal abortions and maternal Rockwell's activities in the area have 11 per­ been refused treatment by clinics out of fear deaths registered each year in Latin Amer­ cent and are No. 2, Mr. Cornu said. The of Washington's ire. In 1986, an estimated ica, and the ominous increases in the size of French company is already the second-larg­ 34,000 Latin American women died from preg­ the region's population. est supplier of telecommunications cables in nancy-related causes. Proponents of the Au­ the North American market, he said. thorization Bill charge that in Latin Amer­ In April, the company's Alcatel Cable unit ican countries, where abortion on demand is agreed to buy Canada Wire from N oranda MFJ: HAMSTRINGING U.S. Inc. for an undisclosed sum. Before that already illegal in every country except Cuba, COMPETITIVENESS-PART II and where in spite of these laws as many as move and the Rockwell purchase, Alcatel's 12 million women have technically illegal North American sales represented 6 percent abortions each year, such U.S. restrictions HON. JOE BARTON of total sales. Alcatel N.Y. formed in 1987 when France's seem particularly excessive. OF TEXAS Another criticism of the Mexico City pol­ Alcatel Alsthons and the ITT Corporation of icy is that it denies funding to UNFPA and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the United States merged their tele­ the International Planned Parenthood Fed­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 communications operations, posted a net eration (IPPF), the two most extensive and profit of $670 mlllion last year, on sales of effective worldwide family planning net­ Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on $15.24 b1llion. works. Supporters of the present policy April 18, 1991, I included in the RECORD a argue that the total amount of aid for family Dallas Morning News article detailing Rockwell planning remains unchanged because the lnternational's bid to sell its telecommuni­ DIARIO LAS AMERICAS money is reprogrammed to other organiza­ cation's manufacturing division. In my re­ tions that agree to comply with U.S. regula­ marks, I stated that "it would be doubly ironic HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN tions. But opponents, in turn, claim that for U.S. competitiveness if our Nation's tele­ these groups cannot match the scope and ef­ OF FLORIDA ficiency of UNFPA or IPPF. Currently, IPPF communications policy prevented each of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seven U.S.-based Bell companies from is being forced to scale back operations and Wednesday, July 31, 1991 cancel new country programs, and UNFPA affiliating with the to-be-sold Rockwell unit and reports $380 million worth of projects lying the ultimate acquirer turns out to be a foreign Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I wish to dormant due to lack of funding, because they company." As the enclosed July 13 article in recognize and honor Diario Las Americas, a refuse to turn their backs on their hemi­ the New York Times indicates, the buyer is in­ newspaper based in my congressional district, spheric family planning professional respon­ deed a foreign company, the French phone in­ for serving and informing the people of Miami sib111ties. Critics point out that although terest, Alcatel. and of all the world since July 4, 1953. Washington's restrictions may seem reason­ able on paper, in practice they are destruc­ I fully support foreign direct investment in Diario, which recently celebrated 38 years of tive to population programs, entangling the United States which permits foreign com­ service, covers international, national, State, them in a web of bureaucratic red tape. panies, like Alcatel, to freely enter the U.S. and local news, as well as sports, business, THE FAMILY PLANNING CRISIS market. But I oppose U.S. domestic policy real estate, food, lifestyle, travel, entertain­ In recently revised projections, the United which denies some American companies this ment, society, and other news and features Nations now estimates Latin America's pop­ same basic freedom. This restriction pre­ typical of the major metropolitan dailies. ulation will reach 540 mlllion by the year vented any one of the seven Bell operating Diario, however, is a unique and special 2000. According to a UNFPA report, family companies from seeking the same affiliation newspaper in its operation and composition. planning expenditures must at least double with Rockwell that Alcatel has successfully ne­ Dr. Horacio Aguirre, director of Diario, has from S4 .5 blllion to S9 billion annually by the gotiated. For those of my colleagues who are given the newspaper a family appeal by enlist­ end of this century in order to reach current ing the aid of two of his children; Alejandro international population limitation targets. concerned about the relative decline in U.S. Latin American nations have made great competitiveness in telecommunications, I sub­ Aguirre, deputy editor and Helen A. Ferre, Op­ progress in controlling population growth mit that our current domestic policy is contrib­ Ed. page editor. Published in Spanish, Dairio over the last 30 years. The total fertility rate uting to this decline. The manufacturing re­ is dedicated to the Hispanic community of dropped from 5.9 births per woman in 1960 to striction on the Bell companies penalizes U.S. Miami and the world. As its motto expresses, 20928 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 Diario is "At the service of Freedom, Culture, on the Civil Service revealed the following in­ This legislation requires the establishment and Hemispheric Solidarity." Diario promotes adequacies with the current system: and maintenance of functioning committees for a better understanding among the peoples of I. THE CURRENT SYSTEM LACKS AN EFFECTIVE ENFORCE­ Federal agencies and their operating subdivi­ the Americas through reliable information cov­ MENT MECHANISM TO COMPEL AGENCIES TO COMPLY sions. In addition, each worksite of more than ering the different areas of the hemisphere WITH SAFETY AND HEAL TH LAWS 11 employees must establish a safety and while also providing coverage of the rest of Under the 1970 act and the three Executive health committee. the world and the United States. orders which establish the Federal sector oc­ Membership must be equally divided be­ In addition to news, Diario Las Americas of­ cupational safety and health system, there is tween management and labor. fers important commentaries and editorials no mechanism for the Occupational Safety The agency must make all information nec­ about world, national, and local events written and Health Administration [OSHA] to compel essary to carry out the duties of the committee by prominent intellectuals and important mem­ agency compliance with the law. OSHA's most available. bers of national and international journalism. current proposal to strengthen its position with Committees are responsible to monitor in­ The informative editorials, which are written in agencies is to inform the agency of the spection requests and reports of inspections both Spanish and English, help guide the amount of the fine that would have been as­ and resulting agency actions to resolve the community on important issues of the day. In sessed had the violation occurred in the pri­ hazard, give input into the agency program, this fashion, Diario provides its readers the vate sector. This solution is clearly inad­ and upon direction of one-half of the members best opinions from two different cultures. equate. OSHA must be granted the statutory of the committee, report deficiencies in the Diario recognizes that Florida, particularly authority to compel agency compliance. program or agency action to OSHA. the Miami area, has an abundant population of To do this, the Sikorski/Clay bill sets up the By providing labor-management committees Hispanics. It is for this reason that the news­ following scheme: Where OSHA investigations at all levels of the agency with appropriate au­ paper calls Miami its home. Diario is read in reveal a violation, OSHA issues a citation to thority and channels to prod agency action, Latin America, the United States and other the agency; the agency may contest the cita­ the bill changes the law from a paper exercise parts of the world and in light of Florida's cul­ tion or the proposed method to abate the haz­ at the national level to an effective mechanism tural makeup, the newspaper feels that its cir­ ard to the Occupational Safety and Health Re­ by which employees across America can get culation can strengthen relations among ethnic view Commission (Commission), established agency attention focused on the hazard that is and cultural groups, including Americans. under the 1970 OSH Act for the private sector. a threat to his or her well-being. Mr. Speaker, Diario plays an important role Procedures before the commission provide an Ill. THE CURRENT SYSTEM LACKS MANAGEMENT COMMIT­ in informing the Hispanic community of Miami opportunity for a hearing in which both sides MENT TO THE SAFETY AND HEALTH OF THE FEDERAL and other parts of the world. I would like to ac­ are represented; Any person/agency ag­ EMPLOYEE knowledge Dr. Aguirre and his children in grieved by the final order of the Commission Feedback to the Federal Advisory Council making Diario a success. I also would like to can bring an action for judicial review of the on Occupational Safety and Health [FACOSH] congratulate everyone associated with Diario, order in the U.S. Court of Appeals. from civil servants across the Nation identified writers, reporters, and other staff workers, for To augment this scheme, the legislation re­ lack of management support as a key failure making such a wonderful investment in our quires the President to appoint, by and with of the current OSH system. Individuals re­ community and for creating a fine newspaper. the advice and consent of the Senate, a spe­ sponsible for safety and health in the work­ cial counsel for Federal employees within the place are unable to get management's atten­ Department of Labor, who may be removed by tion to correct serious hazards. FEDERAL EMPLOYEES OCCUPA­ the President only for inefficiency, neglect of The Sikorski/Clay legislation requires the TIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH duty, and malfeasance. The special counsel performance evaluationn of any employee with ACT OF 1991 for Federal employees may petition any court management or supervisory functions to of appeals for enforcement of an order of the measure the employee's performance in meet­ HON. GERRY SIKORSKI Commission, temporary relief, or abatement ing the requirements of the act and of the OF MINNE SOTA against an agency. safety and health program of the agency. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Finally, any employee aggrieved by agency In addition, the legislation broadens and ex­ noncompliance with safety and health laws is pands the responsibility and authority of the Wednesday, July 31, 1991 granted a cause of action in district court to: designated agency safety and health officer Mr. SIKORSKI. Mr. Speaker, more than 3 compel the Secretary of Labor to carry out his and all personnel responsible for safety and million civilian employees work in more than or her duties under this act, compel the agen­ health to provide more tools with which they 120 departments and agencies within the Fed­ cy to comply with an order of the Commission, can ensure a safe agency workplace. eral Government. When the Occupation Safety compel the Commission to carry out its duties Finally, the empowerment of worksite labor­ and Health Act [OSH Act] was passed in under this act. management committees will provide a con­ 1970, section 19 delegated actual safety and This structure reflects the difficulties inher­ sistent mechanism to bring employee con­ health responsibility to agency heads. It re­ ent in requiring one agency to compel the ac­ cerns to the attention of management. quired few things to Federal agencies. Among tion of another. Where agency action is com­ IV. CURRENT LAW PROVIDES INADEQUATE PROTECTION these were that Federal agency heads provide pelled by OSHA, the agency must be given a FOR THE EMPLOYEE WHERE THE AGENCY FAILS TO safe and healthy places and conditions of em­ route of appeal to contest the decision, hence PROVIDE A SAFE AND HEAL THY ENVIRONMENT ployment consistent with standards set under the Review Commission, already established The Sikorski/Clay legislation ensures the the OSH Act for private industry. for the private sector, is utilized. However, two right of the employee to refuse to work, with­ The OSHA program for Federal agency additional provisions are key to the effective­ out loss of pay or benefits, in any workplace workers lacked a number of the provisions ness of the bill. that presents a serious danger to the employ­ which detailed the program for private industry First, judicial review can be obtained by the ee's safety or health or in any workplace that workers. Federal agencies were not included agency, the special counsel, or the employee. fails to conform to safety and health stand­ in the general system of recordkeeping and Second, the employee's private right of ac­ ards. reporting. There were no advisory committees. tion ensures that agency action can be com­ V. CURRENT LAW PROVIDES INADEQUATE PROTECTION There were no workplace inspections required. pelled even absent action by the Secretary or WHEN THE EMPLOYEE IS RETALIATED AGAINST FOR There were no citat!ons, penalties, or any sort the Office of Special Counsel for Federal em­ REPORTING SAFETY AND HEALTH VIOLATIONS of enforcement mechanism for violations of ployees. Currently OSHA is required to protect the OSHA standards. There were no procedures II. THE CURRENT SYSTEM LACKS INPUT INTO AGENCY employee from retaliation for reporting safety to counteract imminent dangers in Federal SAFETY AND HEALTH ISSUES BY EMPLOYEES AF­ and health violations. OSHA's method of pro­ agencies. FECTED BY HAZARDOUS AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS viding this protection is to refer the complaint Further Executive orders developed and re­ Currently, a safety and health committee of reprisal tor investigation to the very agency fined the agency programs. Currently, agen­ can be established at option of the agency against whom the claim is made. Agencies cies are required to have a safety and health head. Only eight agencies have established find no reprisal over 90 percent of the time. program; but investigations by the General Ac­ committees and not even OSHA is sure that The Sikorski/Clay bill requires the Depart­ counting Office [GAO] and the Subcommittee these eight committees are functioning well. ment of Labor [DOL] to investigate the com- July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20929 plaint and provide full relief to the civil servant risk when they board a train. This bill will go the restoration of fish and wildlife and their who is retaliated against. It is essential that a long way toward ensuring the integrity of the habitat impacted by the Central Valley Project. the one who investigates the complaint and rail system and protecting railworkers from un­ H.R. 1306, the California Fish and Wildlife determines the remedy is not the one who warranted accusations. I urge my colleagues Protection Act of 1991, would provide the nec­ perpetrated the illegal act. to support this legislation and take prompt ac­ essary means to encourage a more efficient In summary, by providing an effective en­ tion to ensure its passage. use and apportionment of California's water. forcement mechanism, empowering agency I urge my colleagues to read the following labor-management committees, stimulating article and keep it in mind as we work to help management's commitment to safety, and pro­ INTRODUCING A SUMMER PELL California reform the policies that control one tecting employees from retaliation, the Sikor­ PROGRAM of their most valuable resources-water. ski/Clay legislation will provide true meaning to [From the San Francisco Examiner, July 20, the promise of a safe, healthy environment for HON.JOSEE. SERRANO 1991] Federal employees. OF NEW YORK THE BUREAU OF NIGGARDLY OFFICIALS Civil servants perform some of the most IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (By Tom Stienstra) hazardous work done in America; from work­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 The latest scourge out of the Central Val­ ers poisoned by toxic cyanide foam to cus­ Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I in­ ley is that while the Bureau of Reclamation toms inspectors threatened daily by inad­ will provide water for subsidized rice and equate protection from fleeing criminals. They troduced H.R. 3114, a simple bill which would cotton crops, they will not provide it to have a right to expect that the serious hazards expand the Pell Grant Program to accommo­ state and federal refuges for ducks, geese, ea­ they face will be rectified as quickly as pos­ date a growing number of college students un­ gles and other birds and wildlife. sible. Under current law, quick resolution of able to complete their courses for a bacca­ The Bureau blames the drought, but the dangerous situations is but a dream, under the laureate degree in the traditional 4 academic real problem is them. They sell the water at Sikorski/Clay legislation it would be a reality. years. taxpayer subsidized rates in order to grow In addition, and of special importance, it rice and cotton, which is then bought as an­ would assist low-income Pell recipients in the other subsidy by the government. So the re­ sult is huge amounts of water being sent to RAIL SAFETY NEEDS often-interrupted pursuit of their undergraduate subsidized farms, little product being pro­ ENHANCEMENT degrees. vided to the market place, and in return the For some, the extended undergraduate pe­ farms send back pesticides and selenium to HON. CURT WELDON riod is a result of conflicts in scheduling class­ pollute major waterways. OF PENNSYLVANIA es. But for all too many, the need to finance It means only 25 percent of the acreage on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES one's education requires a period of employ­ national and state wildlife refuges will be ment that conflicts with the traditional aca­ flooded this year. Next month, when ducks Wednesday, July 31, 1991 demic year. begin arriving from points north on the Pa­ Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, let me tell you It is with this recognition that I propose the cific Flyway, they will find scarce few ponds and wetlands to set down in. Then in Sep­ a horror story. The drunken conductor of an Pell Grant Program be expanded by first, in­ Amtrak train forgets to switch the train to an tember, when the major flights start arriv­ creasing the award amounts on a prorated ing, the ducks will crowd and compete for unoccupied track. The train crashes, head on, basis for students enrolled in an eligible pro­ space and food. That's how disease outbreaks into an oncoming train. Realizing what has gram provided by an institution that has a min­ start, especially avian cholera and botulism. happened, the conductor stumbles away from imum of 12 hours per semester; and second, It goes on. Because the Bureau will not the wreckage to avoid the inevitable drug test, students enrolled for more than the equivalent provide water now to the refuges, the wild­ not to be seen for days. A horror story. One of 1 full-time academic year during a 12-month life managers there cannot grow the plants that haunts the thoughts of those who travel award-year period. that birds and animals need as food. There's by rail. Mr. Speaker, this is a straight forward pro­ more. With no water, many refuges will be closed to duck hunting, and with. no duck Sounds terrible, but it is true. In 1987, a posal and, I urge my colleagues to support it Amtrak train crashed in Delaware County, PA. hunting, the amount of money available to as part of the reauthorization of the Higher run the refuges will dry up just like the Bu­ A tower operator failed to take a train off of a Education Act. reau's water delivery. stretch of track undergoing maintenance. The The standard response is, "Hey, we're in a train slammed into a work vehicle, injuring 25 drought." But the reality is that the Bureau passengers. The employee, who later admit­ CALIFORNIA WATER AND THE has induced a shortage. ted to having been at fault, fled the scene and BUREAU OF RECLAMATION For the past five years, there has been less could not be reached by accident investigators rainfall and snowpack than is typical in Cali­ for 3 days. fornia. But the Bureau has continued divert­ HON. GEORGE MILLER ing as much water as possible away from res­ Surprising as it may seem, there is no law OF CALIFORNIA requiring employees to remain at the scene of ervoirs and streams and giving it to farmers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In fact, it has gotten to the point that it an accident. Thus, it is easier for employees Wednesday, July 31, 1991 scarcely matters how much it rains because to duck out of sight and sober up than to face by the end of the summer, so much water is the possibility of criminal charges stemming Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, Cali­ diverted and given to farmers that reservoirs from on-the-job intoxication. Accidents may be fornia is grappling with the reform of water will be drained regardless. the direct result of alcohol abuse, but in this policies to deal with the most severe drought The amount of water the wildlife refuges case, the American legal system was power­ in its history, and increasing demands due to need is equivalent to 1.7 percent of the water less. There is no legislation to mandate this population growth. As California undertakes in Shasta Lake, one of 155 major reservoirs important railroad safety measure. Until now. this effort, State leaders and the Congress are in California. The Bureau thinks that is to Mr. Speaker, that is why I am reintroducing much. They would rather see subsidized cot­ being hindered by the outdate policies of the ton being grown instead of ducks. Well, the legislation prohibiting railroad employees from Bureau of Reclamation. next time a farmer tells me to "quit com­ leaving their post in the event of a train acci­ I would like to share with my colleagues an plaining while your mouth is full," I think dent. It is virtually identical to bills which I in­ ,article from the July 20 edition of the San I'll tell him where he can stick his cotton. troduced in the 1OOth and 101 st Congresses. Francisco Examiner. This article points to the The rest of the state is also punished in a The measure was twice incorporated into the importance of having effective coordination be­ variety of ways. In Moss Beach, residents comprehensive "Railroad Drug Abuse Preven­ tween the State and Federal agencies that pay $1,400 per acre foot for water. In the tion Act." That legislation passed this House, manage water. The Bureau needs to pay Central Valley, the Bureau of Reclamation but jurisdictional problems stalled action in the more attention to the changing nature of Cali­ commonly sells it for $9 per acre foot, and sometimes much lower. other body. I certainly hope that the 102d fornia's water needs-from household drinking Get this: Farmers use · 87 percent of the Congress will see positive action taken on this water to agriculture irrigation and environ­ water in the state. Of the remaining 13 per­ important initiative. mental restoration. cent, Southern California uses about 9 per­ Mr. Speaker, without this legislation, every This article also points out the justification cent of it, and the Bay Area about 2 percent. citizen of this country takes an unnecessary for early action on my legislation to provide for So a 25 percent conservation in water use in 20930 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 the Bay Area ends of equaling only a quarter A clue to the answer is found in an ECONOMIC COOPERATION of one percent reduction of the developed unpublicized moment of tension during The U.S. has a vital interest in working water statewide. Bush's meeting with the Congressional Black with other major nations to promote a This is what the Bureau of Reclamation Caucus as he prepared to lift the five-year­ healthy and stable world economy because of provides. Instead of serving taxpayers, they old economic sanctions against South Africa the increasing importance of trade to our are socking it to you. he has always opposed. Despite their deep economy and the rapid growth of the Euro­ disagreement, the meeting was proceeding pean and Japanese economies. In contrast to decorously until Rep. Cardiss Collins (D­ some summits in the late 1970's, this one did CRITIQUE OF ADMINISTRATION ILL.) asked Bush if he supported full demo­ little to address the current weakness in the POLICY MISJUDGMENTS cratic rights (as in one person, one vote) for world economy. To a large extent this is be­ blacks. cause the world's leading industrial econo­ At this, the president took umbrage, tell­ mies are out of sync. President Bush wanted HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS ing Collins she didn't understand the sen­ to improve the prospects for a strong recov­ OF CALIFORNIA sitive diplomacy involved and that inter­ ery from the recession, so he wanted the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES national business was not conducted that summit partners to reduce their concerns Wednesday, July 31, 1991 way. Her question, of course, was left unan­ about inflation and cut interest rates to help swered. stimulate growth. But the world's two other Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I urge my col­ Behind that outburst lies leftover Cold War economic giants, Germany and Japan, are leagues to read the following column by silliness. Communism may no longer be on deeply worried about rekindling inflation Thomas Oliphant, which appeared in today's the march, but in Bush's White House and and they were cool to any suggestion of in­ edition of the Boston Globe. It is a trenchant State Department South Africa is still terest rate reductions. The leaders glossed critique of administration policy misjudgments viewed as if it were. What is feared is not the over their differences on interest rates. in dealing with the current crisis in South Afri­ violent chaos that will inevitably accom­ The seven leaders urged lower budget defi­ pany an effort to maintain the country as cits in order to generate savings needed to ca. anything less than whole and free, but rather meet the growing demands for a worldwide It is also testimony to the reality that new a loss of stability-a degeneration of the soci­ investment. I think this note of caution was policy initiatives are needed in Washington ety into a Third World, anti-American, eco­ aimed largely at the U.S. which only a few that will help effect the nonviolent transition to nomically moribund mobocracy. days before had raised its budget deficit pro­ a fully nonracial, participatory democracy for This morally obtuse outlook dovetails with jections. all in South Africa. de Klerk's public policy to date of seeking a TRADE [From the Boston Globe, July 31 , 1991) governing coalition with any segment of the I was disappointed in the leaders' perform­ South African culture that is not part of the ance on another big issue, trade, The G-7 AN INEXCUSABLE SILENCE ON SOUTH AFRICA African National Congress. (By Thomas Oliphant) leaders vowed to intervene to break the At last count that included: the white mi­ deadlock in the six-year-old international WASHINGTON.-Much more has been ex­ nority, Indian and mixed-race parties al­ trade talks, but it remains to be seen wheth­ posed than merely another secret payola pro­ ready allowed token participation in the gram in South Africa. er this statement will be more successful white-dominated Parliament; Buthelezi's than a similar one at last year's summit. What squirms uncomfortably in the light crowd; some African church groups; and par­ Trade was among the most glaring dis­ is a policy to keep hope alive for a post­ ties from the 10 tribal areas, euphemistically putes. The leaders were unwilling to cut apartheid society with kinder, gentler sup­ called homelands, established when apart­ back protectionist farm policies even though pression-based on a time-dishonored tactic heid was king. President Bush urged them to do so. The of totalitarians, divide and rule. As we now know, the policy had a secret It is no surprise that President F.W. de U.S. insists that, as a condition to conclud­ companion: the purchase of that so-called al­ ing the international trade talks, Europe Klerk has been humiliated by the disclosure legiance, and (if investigators do their job) of his government's secret payments to scale back its heavy farm subsidies and the fomenting by official inaction and covert Japan lift its prohibition of rice imports. black quislings. His attempt to straddle the action of black-on-black violence. The stalemate on economic issues suggests past and the future is inherently impossible; De Klerk's Cabinet-juggling, minimal mea that the United States must increasingly until he clearly chooses one over the other, culpa response is inadequate; Bush's silence share the spotlight with Europe and Japan he will deserve the distrust of all. is inexcusable. At a minimum, the US should when trade and finance dominate the inter­ It is even less of a surprise that Chief be supporting Mandala's call for a Mangosuthu Buthelezi has been exposed and national agenda. multiparty interim government to govern THE SOVIET ECONOMY humiliated as an on-the-take stooge of the the country in transition. Anything less is apartheid apparatus he has served slavishly continued complicity with an evil status A first step was taken toward integrating since he sold out his country's freedom fight­ quo. the Soviet Union into the global economy­ ers more than a decade ago. Without govern­ a remarkable development considering that ment guns and cash, his phony Inkatha the Soviet Union has been excluded from the movement wouldn't last a week. THE LONDON ECONOMIC SUMMIT global economy for the past seventy years. The surprise is that President Bush has The Soviets received support for their effort embraced both men and undercut Nelson but limited concrete measures and no prom­ Mandela and the African National Congress HON. LEE H. HAMILTON ises of new financial aid. Moscow was pro­ for no compelling reason. In the case of de OF INDIANA vided special association with the market­ Klerk, Bush's embrace was too warm and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oriented International Monetary Fund and foolishly premature; in the more damning the World Bank. The Soviet Union will not case of Buthelezi, his conduct is more sin­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 be able to draw loans from these institutions ister. Mr. HAMIL TON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to but will have access to their wealth of expe­ Old spook that he remains, the president insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, rience in helping countries work out eco­ cannot be unaware of the unanimous conclu­ July 31, 1991, into the CONGRESSIONAL nomic reform programs. The U.S. opposed sion of the US intelligence community, dip­ RECORD: giving Moscow full membership in the IMF lomats on the scene, and nongovernment ex­ and blocked efforts to allow the Soviet perts that Buthelezi's Zulu-based organiza­ THE LONDON ECONOMIC SUMMIT Union to increase its credit line from the tion is a political paper tiger, utterly bereft At the seventeenth annual Economic Sum­ newly created European Bank for Recon­ of serious support among the black majority. mit recently completed in London, the heads struction and Development. It also defies belief that Bush could be un­ of state from the seven major industrial de­ Among the G-7 countries, Germany, aware-as his White House and State Depart­ mocracies (the G-7) met to discuss a broad France and Italy were more supportive of ment are not-of suspicions that Buthelezi range of issues. These meetings are impor­ substantial financial assistance for the So­ has been on the take for years and that the tant because they set the direction of the viet Union. These three have traditionally murder and mayhem practiced by his "sup­ world's economy for the months ahead and had closer ties with Eastern Europe and porters" takes · place with the complicit address other significant issues. For several would face greater immigration should the knowledge of the South African security es­ years, Soviet President Gorbachev has Soviet economy collapse. However, the other tablishment. sought membership in this exclusive club. As four nations-the U.S., United Kingdom, Why, then, would the president consent to a compromise, this year he was invited to Canada, and Japan-continue to be skeptical stand in the Rose Garden with this thug, as meet with them after the formal summit had that the Soviet Union has changed as much he did this summer when Buthelezi was in ended. Gorbachev's presence clearly domi­ as needed to join the West. town to have his head patted by adoring nated the media coverage, but other topics The G-7 countries agreed to provide tech­ American right-wingers? were discussed. nical assistance in such areas as oil and gas July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20931 production, food distribution, banking, MA; Fluor Daniel Corp., Greenville, SC; and cool the nuclear pellets and create steam for transportation, and conversion of defense in­ MK Ferguson, Boise, ID. generators was somehow cut off, heat would dustries to civilian production. I think the Mr. Speaker, I encourage all of my col­ not build up as it has in existing reactors when a cooling-water pipe breaks. Heat leaders were right to insist that technical leagues, on both sides of the aisle, to take aid was more appropriate than financial aid would simply radiate into land around the at this time. The Soviet economy is in such time to review this article. plant rather than rising to the point where it a shambles that direct monetary aid could be A WAY OUT OF THE NUCLEAR-POWER JITTERS? would melt nuclear fuel rods. wasted. Japan's nuclear power plants are starting Late this year, the federal Energy Depart­ Gorbachev may not have clinched his sale to cause the same understandable misgivings ment must choose a reactor to produce trit­ but he certainly had his customers listening. among apprehensive neighbors that have ium for nuclear warheads at its Savannah He put it well when he said, "The ice has choked off expansion of the industry in the River installation. The first generation of re­ started moving." In the end Gorbachev United States. Despite Japan's urgent need actors has had its chance. It's time to try should recognize that only the Soviet people for power, its industrial barons don't seem the gas-cooled technology. The Energy De­ themselves can ultimately accomplish the any more able to cure the nuclear jitters partment should leap at a chance to give transformation to democracy and a market than America's nuclear industry has. both Japan and the United States a way out economy, and that he must be credible on Amid growing concern over global warm­ of the nuclear jitters. free-market reform before he receives global ing, many industrial nations feel they are credit. going to need more nuclear power, or some­ OTHER ISSUES thing very much like it, to replace fossil ABOUT EMMA MAE MARTIN, I was encouraged by the call of the leaders fuels. Japan's energy crisis should be a SISTER OF CLARENCE THOMAS for comprehensive international arms con­ chance for the next generation of nuclear re­ trol measures, but would have liked to see actors to show their stuff. But as we under­ stand it, Japan's energy decision makers are HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY the leaders support even a temporary ban on OF MISSOURI arms sales to the Middle East. of the same mind as American utility lead­ The U.S. held back progress on the issue of ers. If they ever start buying new reactors IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES global warming, as it resisted targets and again, they will stick with what they know. Wednesday, July 31, 1991 schedules to control greenhouse gas emis­ They should put their heads together and sions. The U.S. also watered down language think this through. The Japanese could give Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to in­ in the final communique which favored in­ the Americans some pointers on how to go sert in the RECORD a column by Clarence creased debt forgiveness for the world's poor­ about picking winners among competing Page that appeared in the July 26, 1991, edi­ est countries. technologies. The Americans could offer a tion of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch regarding winner-a technology that is very much CONCLUSION the background of Emma Mae Martin, sister of "new generation" and as close as this cen­ Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas. This year's Economic Summit convened at tury's engineers are likely to get to fool­ a time when the world economy is weak and proof. THOMAS LIED; SISTER ISN'T "WELFARE the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe coun­ In recent years, the Japanese reputation QUEEN'' tries struggle to become market-based de­ for building high-quality cars spilled quite (By Clarence Page) mocracies. The summit made no break­ comfortably into other products, even its nu­ CHICAGO .-Everyone remembers Janet throughs in addressing either challenge. clear power plants. They seemed to work Cooke, The Washington Post reporter who The leaders have their hands full because just fine, too. In recent months, however, a won a Pulitzer Prize for a story about a 7- the world has shown itself to be a messy and string of reactor failures-one serious year-old heroin addict. It was a poignant, complex place. Managing it is not getting enough to put a plant out of commission for terrifying tear-jerker of a story. Unfortu­ any easier. The leaders simply did not cor­ a projected three years-has started to drain nately, it was pure fiction. rect a number of bad habits. The Americans Japanese public confidence in nuclear power. Now it appears we have a new Cooke-like have large budget deficits, the Europeans Americans probably still are generally more episode, this one cooked up by federal Judge have an irrational agricultural policy, and jittery about nuclear plants than Japanese, Clarence Thomas, President Bush's Supreme the Japanese have a strong mercantilism. but for the Japanese even a small loss of Court nominee. In an often-quoted speech Perhaps the most remarkable thing about trust in power plants could complicate the that he delivered to a conference of black the whole week was that Gorbachev wanted nation's overall energy planning. With no conservatives in 1980, Thomas said of his sis­ admission to the forum of capitalist leaders. fossil fuels of its own, Japan depends on nu­ ter, who was then on welfare: "She gets mad He can claim a victory on that basis alone clear power far more than the United States when the mailman is late with her welfare even though he did not take home, as one to keep its factories going. By its own esti­ check. That's how dependent she is. What's Soviet put it, " limousines full of cash." mate it needs to build two plants a year for worse is that now her kids feel entitled to the next 20 years to avoid serious harm to its the check, too. They have no motivation for economy. doing better or getting out of that situa­ TIME TO TRY GAS-COOLED Americans get 20% of their electricity tion." TECHNOLOGY? from nuclear power, but no utility is plan­ It was a stunning story. To hear Thomas ning to build new plants. What discourages tell it, his sister sounded like a classic "wel­ new starts here are high cost, lead times of fare queen" of the sort then-presidential can­ HON. BILL LOWERY 12 or more years for clearance and construc­ didate Ronald Reagan singled out that same OF CALIFORNIA tion, and concerns arising from disasters year. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such as Chernobyl and near-disasters such as Unfortunately, Thomas' stunning story Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Three Mile Island. wasn't true. Not quite. When reporters re­ Finally, there is a lack of design standard­ cently tracked down Thomas's sister, Emma Mr. LOWERY of California. Mr. Speaker, I ization. France has built a network of reac­ Mae Martin, living in a beat-up frame house would like to share with my colleagues an edi­ tors that are alike, so if a piece of equipment with a hole in the roof in Pin Point, Ga., a torial which appeared in the July 7, 1991 issue fails at one plant, that piece of equipment few steps from where she and her two young­ of the Los Angeles Times. can be yanked and replaced before the break­ er brothers were born, they didn't find a In late December this year, Department of down spreads. No U.S. Administration has story of welfare dependency. Instead, they brought itself to pick the best equipment-­ found a story of hard work by three genera­ Energy Secretary Watkins will select the tech­ and in turn make it standard as in France-­ tions of a family struggling like most other nology that will be utilized in the design and from among the offerings of the four or five fam111es do, just to make ends meet. construction of the New Production Reactor. companies competing for nuclear reactor Martin was deserted by her husband in This nuclear reactor will produce tritium for the business. 1973, just as her father had disappeared 25 Nation's nuclear weapons. The following What's the best option? Consider the high­ years earlier. She worked two minimum­ Times Editorial makes a persuasive case for temperature gas-cooled reactor-a 30-year­ wage jobs while her brother attended law the selection of the Modular High Temperature old concept. Demonstration plants operated school, but stopped working to take care of Gas-Cooled Reactor technology. in Pennsylvania and Colorado in the 1960s an elderly aunt who had suffered a stroke. and 1970s, and the design has been refined That led to four or five years on welfare, try­ The design and construction teams for this since then at General Atomics in San Diego. ing to make it on $169 a month. technology consist of several well-known orga­ Because a power plant can be built in mod­ That's over. She now works as a cook at nizations including, General Atomics of San ules, gas-cooled reactor cores are smaller the same hospital where her mother is a Diego, CA; ABB-CE, Windsor, CT; Burns & than the existing standard. Thus even if the nurse's assistant, and she sometimes has to Roe, Oradell, NJ; Stone & Webster, Boston, helium gas that circulates over fuel rods to report to work at 3 a.m. 20932 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 As Jesse Jackson would say, "She takes dominated army. In Zagreb, the republic's West, turning a complex struggle into a the early bus." What about her children, who capital, politicians will queue up to be inter­ straightforward battle between the forces of Thomas said were being indoctrinated into viewed. The Croatian news agency, Hina, will light (Slovenes and Croats) and darkness cycles of welfare dependency? As it turns pump out extraordinarily detailed accounts (Serbs). The nerve-centre of this propaganda out, Mark, 22, works as a carpenter. Chris­ of the fighting allegedly taking place in the operation was an underground conference tine, 20, recently was laid off from a bakery. countryside. No incident is too trivial for complex deep below the streets of Ljubljana. Leola, 15, is still a student. Hina. Earlier this week, for example, Hina Here, a few dozen officials from the Slove­ And the eldest, Clarence, named for his solemnly reported that two Croat farm nian Ministry of Information, backed up by uncle (and a lovely name it is, isn't it?), workers were "brutally beaten and harassed young, multilingual patriot volunteers, served aboard the battleship Wisconsin dur­ by Serbian terrorists while other terrorists worked tirelessly to service more than 1,000 ing Operation Desert Storm. There may be put the majority of bullocks into the tracks journalists. true stories to be found of shiftless welfare [sic) and took them away." Inside this bunker the information flowed cheats. Emma Mae Martin is not one of The Croats' strategy today is clear. They fast and efficiently in an atmosphere oddly them. In fact, her story sounds more like the are bombarding the world with information, similar to that found in the press center at story of a mom who did what you're sup­ which is usually so petty that it seems that an Olympic Games; the results-tanks hit, posed to do: finish school, work hard, take it must be true. But this is an illusion; it is shots fired, prisoners taken-were given care of your family and raise your kids to do impossible to check most of these reports every hour. The Slovenes needed a bloody the same. precisely because the clashes were so minor dramatic conflict to ensure the world did not When Cooke's charade was uncovered, she that, even if they happened, they left no lose interest. So they showered the media had to give up her prize and her job, and she mark. And, in between the recital of these with details of battles that had often never fell away into the shadows of obscurity. so-called facts, the Croats toss quite incred­ taken place. Thomas has been more fortunate. On the ible allegations; this week's favourite is to Sometimes the Slovenes would enliven the heels of his stunning speech, the Reagan ad­ claim, straight-faced, that the Serbs have day with revelations which were either ficti­ ministration, scouting black conservatives hired assassins from the Romanian tious or irrelevant. Once they announced at the time, offered him the chairmanship of Securitate. that they had just found a copy of the fed­ the Equal Employment Opportunity Com­ Zagreb has launched this propaganda blitz eral army's secret plans, codenamed Ram­ mission, which led to his federal judgeship after carefully analysing how the Slovenians part '91, to invade their republic (possibly and eventually his nomination to the Su­ managed · to outmanoeuvre Belgrade in the true but unimportant) or they revealed that preme Court. fight for international sympathy. The Croats the enemy had landed squads of special There's a lesson in this, I suppose. A little realised that the decisive engagements, troops in plain clothes to terrorise the popu­ scape-goating can take you a long way in which virtually guaranteed Slovenia's inde­ lation (certainly untrue). Then they closed a politics, even when you use your own sister. pendence, took place in the pages of the for­ nuclear power plant because, they said, they eign media and, even more important, in the feared a federal air force attack (untrue). news bulletins of the major television net­ It was possible to report the war without MEDIA ORCHESTRATION IN THE works. ever venturing above ground. Indeed, since it ETHNIC UNREST IN YUGOSLAVIA The Croat leadership moved quickly. It in­ required an honours degree in orienteering structed Croat mayors to hold twice-daily to negotiate the labyrinth of roadblocks, press conferences which should be as many journalists opted to remain under­ HON. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY colourful and dramatic as possible. Militia ground. But, for those who did venture into OF MARYLAND officers who had once refused to say any­ the sunlight, the bunker war often seemed a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thing, suddenly became accessible and of­ fantasy. For example, the world heard of a fered to escort foreign reporters into pre­ major battle at Jezersko, a small border post Wednesday, July 31, 1991 viously closed areas. on the frontier with Austria. This greatly Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, the Serbian Belatedly, the federal army, reeling from surprised the Slovene militiamen at people of Yugoslavia, and particularly the Re­ its portrayal in the foreign media as incom­ Jezersko, who told me a few days later that public of Serbia, are suffering from an ill-in­ petent and thuggish, has begun to appreciate the army had fired a few shots, taken the post and then, faced with Slovene reinforce­ formed media bias in the Western press. the importance of image-making. In Osijck, eastern Croatia, the scene of the worst clash­ ments, retreated happily down the moun­ The Serbians are fighting for their land and es between Croats and Serbian nationalists, tain. No one had been hurt. their lives, although one would not know it the local garrison commander has joined the The Slovenian deputy minister of informa­ from reading most Western newspapers. This press conference circus because, he says, he tion, Dushan Rogeli, who temporarily closed is due to a carefully orchestrated and regu­ wants to counter "the outright lies" being his bunker when the world's attention lated pre.ss in Croatia that is very adept at the peddled against the army. switched to London and the G-7 meeting and type of reporting that we perhaps know best The Serbs, meanwhile, are struggling badly Iraq's nuclear ambitions, said: "We have from William Randolph Hearst. in this propaganda relations battle. They never lied. We decided not to get into that However, an article written by Simon Free­ have a leader, Slobodan Milosevic, whose game. The Serbs lie all the time but we do brand of stubborn nationalism and hardline not." But he did admit that, sometimes, be­ man in the European, a London weekly, does marxism is a public relations disaster. cause of over-excitement and fatigue, his an excellent job of dispelling much of the mis­ In their enclaves in Croatia, militant Serbs team had exaggerated. information that has been spread regarding glower suspiciously at foreign journalists, But there is one major problem, which no the ethnic battles raging in Yugoslavia. whom they regard as tools of the pro-West­ one in Yugoslavia seems to appreciate: a Therefore, I submit this article for the ern, capitalist Slovenes and Croats. Some­ daily publicity blitz of exaggerations and RECORD in order that my colleagues be better times they do more than scowl; they have al­ lies may win international support but it informed of the true situation in Yugoslavia. ready stolen cameras, radios and cars from will do nothing to heal the divisions which are ripping the country apart. [From the European, July 19, 1991) the press and, it is feared, they may soon be­ come violent. LIES WIN BALKAN WAR OF WORDS Certainly, the Serbs' resentment is under­ (By Simon Freeman) standable. The Slovenes cleverly portrayed WASHINGTON COSTLY CITY OF Today, as always, the towns and villages of themselves as clean-limbed, tanned church­ CONTRASTS Croatia will echo to the thump of mortars, goers who only wanted to live peacefully and the crackle of machine-guns and the groans democratically in their Alpine idyll of moun­ of the wounded as Croat and Serbs cheerily tains, lakes and meadows. HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. go about their daily business of slaughtering The Serbs, on the other hand, the Slovenes OF KENTUCKY each other. suggested, were ruthless communists. They IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But there is a new, rather more welcome were dirty, unshaven brutes who dropped sound. This is the noise of a massive Croat cluster bombs on innocent civilians. They Wednesday, July 31, 1991 propaganda offensive. Everywhere, in town came from the east, which had always Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, as our con­ halls, hotel foyers and crouching nervously sought to inflict its intolerant religious fa­ stituents visit Washington, DC, and then return behind road-blocks, Croat mayors, police naticism and alphabet of squiggly lines on home, they often speak of our Nation's Capital chiefs and militia officers will hold press Europe. conferences or hand out neatly-typed news These were grotesque caricatures, of as a city of contrasts. bulletins to tell the world of the latest atroc­ course, but, thanks to the brilliant propa­ Many western Kentuckians I represent have ities by Serbian extremists and of ganda campaign in Ljubljana, they have visited Washington, DC, during the 17 years unprovoked attacks by the federal, Serbian- taken hold of the public imagination in the I've served in Congress. Most go home talking July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20933 about the many beautiful , impressive sites In Washington, the room is on the top TRIBUTE TO ANN KRAVITZ they have seen but also express their dis­ floor. The elevator is the length of the build­ appointment about the high cost of hotels and ing from the front door. I tried to use a hotel cart to take my bag­ HON. WIWAM LEHMAN food, crime, drugs, and taxis being driven by gage to the room. However, I was stopped by OF FLORIDA men who don't speak English and apparently the uniformed man who was in charge of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are seeing Washington for the first time. bellboys. One constituent, Bill Bartleman, a reporter " I'm sorry, sir, but you can't use the cart," Wednesday , July 31, 1991 for the Paducah Sun since 1972 who has cov­ he said. "It's a union regulation." Mr. LEHMAN of Florida. Mr. Speaker, on ered government and politics since 1975 for " But I'm not a member of a union," I re­ July 2 of this year, Dade County lost a re­ the daily newspaper in Paducah, KY, visited sponded. "That's why you can't use the cart," he markable, energetic woman who made com­ Washington last week with his wife Carla. said. munity service a way of life. My colleagues will find his column in last So, I asked for a bellboy. It cost $6 to move Ann W. Kravitz was a vicacious, enthusias­ Sunday's edition of the Paducah Sun very my baggage. tic person who used her considerable talents intersting. It gives those of us who are in Also, it cost $10 a day to park a car. to help other people in direct, personal ways. Washington, DC, most days of the year an in­ In Frankfort , I can back my car up to my As a teacher, college professor, hospice vol­ sight as to how our constituents view our won­ room's door and unload my luggage. Parking unteer coordinator, and community activist, derful, expensive, beautiful, crime-ridden city. is free. Also in Frankfort, you could get your own Ann devoted her time and effort to improving Bill Bartleman's feature article follows: ice, day or night, from a machine at the end literacy, tapping hidden or unused potential, WASHINGTON COSTLY CITY OF CONTRASTS of the hall. and easing loneliness and suffering. (By Bill Bartleman) In Washington, you couldn't get your own One of her special projects was Kids Voting, Washington.-This is a town of contrasting ice: again, union regulations. You must call Inc., which helps young people learn about the extremes. room service. The ice is free, but the delivery democratic process by participating in it the You can walk through the Capitol with requires a $1 tip. way their parents do. I would like to share with powerful senators wearing pin-striped suits In Frankfort, I refrain from buying soft my colleagues an article from the Miami Her­ drinks because of the " inflated" price: 65 and talk about issues ranging from foreign ald which provides further details on Ann aid to helping people in western Kentucky cents a can. At the Washington hotel, how­ ever, a soft drink sells for $1. 75. Kravitz's work in this area. survive the eventual closing of a large feder­ Mr. Speaker, my sympathy goes out to ally owned plant. The Washington hotel also has refrigerator A moment later, you can turn a corner and beverages and a drawer filled with snacks. At Ann's husband, Dr. Sanford Kravitz of North bump into a pot-bellied tourist wearing a first glance, a visitor might think the Miami Beach, her family and friends. I hope tank top, gym shorts and pair of plastic goodies are free, considering the high price that the wonderful legacy of caring, achieve­ thongs that are falling off his feet. He's com­ of the room. ment, and commitment that Ann leaves behind Wrong. plaining because a guard won't let him pass A candy bar is $3, a box of plain butter will provide as much comfort to them as I into a secure area so he can walk onto the cookies is $8 and a small container of salted know it provides an inspiration and example to Senate floor and take a picture. peanuts is $3.50. the people of north Dade. At the White House, it's easy to see the se­ A can of beer sells for about $5, a single The article follows: curity for the most protected citizen in the shot bottle of whisky is $3.75 (plus the $1.75 United States. "KIDS VOTING": CULTIVATING CITIZENSHIP for the soft drink to mix with it) and a small (By Tom Fieldler) There are uniformed guards, fences, con­ bottle of wine sells for $18. crete barriers, cameras and who knows what Each morning, someone comes to the I met Ann Kravitz barely six weeks ago, al­ else. Obviously no unwanted visitor could room, takes inventory and bills your room. though she had phoned me a month or so be­ take half a step onto the grounds without In Frankfort, there is no liquor at the fore to tell me about an idea she had picked being detected, arrested and removed. hotel, but there is a machine that sells up in her travels. Three blocks away, however, law-abiding snacks for 75 cents, which I used to think "Kids Voting," she said, pressing her busi­ citizens are advised not to walk the streets was high. ness card into my hands. "I'll send you ma­ after dark. It's a high crime area that has All telephone calls from your room in terial on it." more than its share of robberies, shootings Washington are 75 cents, whether local or She was, as anyone who has met her can and murders. The city can't aford to hire long distance credit card calls. Even calls to attest, more than true to her word. As a Hol­ enough police officers to keep the streets 800 numbers are 75 cents. ocaust survivor who came to America from safe. In Frankfort, local calls from the room are Vienna at the age of 4 "just a step ahead of You can also see this city's extremes while supposed to be 50 cents, but the hotel usually the storm troopers," as her husband put it, driving down Constitution Avenue between waives them for regular customers. Ann was a fervent apostle of citizenship. the Capitol and the Washington Monument. Taxi rides are another experience in Wash­ A packet soon arrived, solid with informa­ At one intersection, you'll be passed by a ington. Not once in a week did I find an tion. I opened it expecting little more than long limousine with tinted windows being es­ American taxi driver. One didn't speak Eng­ an outline of curriculum materials culminat­ corted by unmarked cars with lights flashing lish. He had a map and wanted me to point ing in a mock election at school, the sort of and sirens blaring. to my destination. program that, while worthwhile, rarely pro­ Inside the limo, obviously, is some impor­ Most mornings, I shared a taxi with other duces results beyond that semester. tant person going to some important place visitors from Paducah. On Thursday, we What I found was a plan that far exceeded to meet with some equally important people. were nearing an intersection where the light my imaginings, one that provides more hope A block later, it's likely you'll hear a horn was green but traffic was stopped because than anything I have seen for inculcating blaring from a beat-up, 10-year-old taxi driv­ fire trucks were passing through. the values of citizenship in America's youth en by someone making an unfriendly gesture Our taxi driver didn't care about the fire long before they are old enough to enjoy the because you slowed down for a traffic light trucks or stopped cars. Apparently, the only right to vote. that's about to turn red. thing he understood was that the light was As a small gesture of gratitude to Ann, I The driver, mad because he had to stop at green. offer this column to her. I hope it will do the intersection, might yell something out At the last minute, he slammed on the some good. I only wish I had written it soon­ the window, but you probably won't under­ brakes and came to a screeching halt within er. stand what he said because he doesn't speak inches of the bumper of another car. Ann would be the first to admit that the English. However, you can be sure he wasn't Some cab drivers also try to get more concept for Kids Voting is not original with welcoming you to Washington or asking money out of their riders by claiming they her. She picked it up last summer while where you live in Kentucky. don't have change. On my last ride, the cost traveling with her professor-husband, San­ Staying in Washington also is an experi­ was $5.50. I gave the driver a $10 bill and told ford Kravitz, through Arizona. ence, especially for someone used to business him to give me back $3. Its Arizona founders, in turn, credited a trips to Frankfort, Lexington and Louisville. "No dollar bills, no change," he said with program in Costa Rica-Central America's First, the cost of a lodging. In Washington, a foreign accent, apparently hoping I'd tell most stable democracy where the typical I got a "special rate" at a hotel near the him to keep the $10. election turnout is 90 percent-with being Capitol: $97 per night, plus taxes and sur­ However, I got the $10 bill back and gave the model. charges, making the total $111 per night. him change I had in my pocket: $6. The concept of Kids Voting is simple; the In Frankfort, the motel where· I normally His little game cost him $1. It made me execution is considerably more complex. Be­ stay is $35 a night, including taxes. feel a bit of revenge. ginning in elementary school and continuing 20934 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 through the senior year of high school, the June during a press conference called to greatest major league baseball players and a program incorporates important state and mark the 20th anniversary of the 26th victim of the disease that now bears his name. national elections into the curriculum. Amendment to the Constitution giving 18- ALS is characterized by a deterioration of a While learning about such abstracts as de­ year-olds the right to vote. Since that select group of nerve cells and a pathway to mocracy, civics and constitutional prin­ amendment took effect in the 1972 election, ciples, students also gain the hands-on expe­ turnout has steadily dropped. the brain and spinal cord which leads to a pro­ rience of a political campaign. In a survey the group conducted of 15- to gressive paralysis of the victim's muscles. This Each may be assigned to follow a specific 24-year-olds on the meaning of citizenship, means that ALS patients lose total movement candidate, to gather campaign brochures, just one in eight linked voting to being a of their arms, legs, fingers, and toes as well clip newspaper articles, tape television de­ good citizen. as their ability to speak, breathe, and swallow. bates and ads, attend speeches. They must More distressing, when the youths were The average life expectancy of an ALS pa­ research issues and share their findings. asked to rank their life goals, 72 percent They are required, also, to bring their tient, once diagnosed, is 2 to 3 years. One of placed highest emphasis on "career success" the most devastating effects of this disease is work home with them to discuss with family and 57 percent cited the importance of "en­ members, ideally their parents. And they joying life and having a good time." the fact that one's mental capacities are never must register to vote on a special roll kept "Ranking dead last was 'being involved in affected even while the rest of the body dete­ by the county, just as eligible voters do. helping the community to be a better riorates. ELECTION DAY CLIMAX place,'" said the study, called, chillingly, De­ ALS will strike 13 people today, 91 people The climax occurs on Election Day when mocracy's Next Generation. this week, with a total of 5,000 new victims they go to their local polling place-not a To reverse the erosion of citizenship val­ this year. Of today's population, 300,000 peo­ mock booth set up at their school-and cast ues, People for the American Way and a ple will die from ALS. Although ALS can strike their ballot along with their parents. Al­ score of other organizations are also pushing anyone, the National Institutes of Health are though their vote won't, of course, be tallied voter education and registration programs finding that many victims are being stricken in­ nationwide. Notably the center piece of this in the same way, it will be processed within creasingly younger, with many in their teens 24 hours with those of other Kids Voting par­ effort, called First Vote, is modeled after one ticipants and the results announced. that has been in place in Dade schools for a and twenties. Under the age of 50, ALS Ann was convinced that this program's em­ decade. strikes an equal number of men and women. phasis on full family participation, its realis­ We can be proud that in Dade County pub­ However, once over 50 years of age, the ratio tic approach to citizen action and the fact lic schools, 100 percent of the eligible 18- of men to women increases to 3 to 1. Of all that the tally would be reported on the day year-olds were registered to vote during these cases, only 1O percent are due to he­ after the election alongside the "real" re·· classroom ceremonies last year, a national reditary causes while the remaining 90 percent sults gave it a unique dimension. record. But registration is just part of the are spontaneous in origin. Moreover, the experience of repeating the battle, as Ann Kravitz would say. process-over time, the typical high school The hidden agenda of Kids Voting is that, Last May, an article in the New England graduate could cast three presidential Kids in addition to drawing youths directly into Journal of Medicine reported that it had found Voting ballots before making a real one­ the political maelstrom, it captures many of both the location and identification of the gene would imbue the habit as nothing else had. their parents. Home discussion with parents responsible for one of the two types of ALS. To me, therein rested its genuine value. is central, as is accompanying a parent to This is the first major breakthrough in the Of the many problems facing our nation, the polls. search for a cure for this debilitating disease. few may be more insidious, more alarming, In Arizona, voter turnout in precincts As May 1992 is the month that the ALS As­ than the growing disconnection between where Kids Voting was in effect averaged 3 sociation will march on Washington, I hope Americans and their government. percent above the state average. That trans­ that our colleagues will take this opportunity to The notion of citizenship seems increas­ lated to about 32,000 votes in a recent gov­ ingly confined to nationality. Fewer and ernor's race decided by a single percentage join the fight for a cure for this disease by co­ fewer recognize that citizenship also implies point. (Ironically, the "kids" voted heavily sponsoring this resolution. a balanced set of rights and responsibilities, for the losing candidate, a Democrat. They one of which is casting an informed ballot. also voted overwhelmingly to make Martin FRIGHTENING TRENDS Luther King Jr.'s birthday a state holiday, INTRODUCTION OF EXPANSION OF The trends should frighten us all. Barely another measure defeated by their parents at FEDERAL BENEFITS FOR AMERI­ half of all eligible Americans-and just 44 the cost of a Super Bowl.) CANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT percent of all eligible Floridians-cast bal­ Ann's program in Dade County, though OF 1991 lots in the 1988 presidential election. That only five months old, is well on its way to contrasts with nearly 65 percent in 1960, bearing fruit. The county school district and HON. BRIAN J. DONNELLY when John F. Kennedy defeated Richard the elections division are planning a pilot Nixon by a margin of one vote per precinct program for the November 1992 presidential OF MASSACHUSETTS nationwide. race. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And among young voters, those between Meanwhile, both Secretary of State Jim Wednesday, July 31, 1991 the ages of 18 and 21, the drop has been even Smith and Florida Education Commissioner Mr. DONNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I am intro­ more precipitous. In the most recent presi­ Betty Castor have expressed interest in the dential election, just 33 percent of these project with the thought of bringing it to ducing today the Expansion of Federal Bene­ young people turned out. This is the very every county by 1994. fits for Americans With Disabilities Act of group that was shipped out to the Persian Unfortunately Ann won't see it. After un­ 1991. This legislation is a logical extension of Gulf, that is affected most directly by abor­ dergoing chemotherapy for cancer, she died the Americans With Disabilities Act which tion rights decisions, and that should insist on July 2, two days before her favorite holi­ Congress passed last year. upon shaping the long-term policies affect­ day. Mr. Speaker, last year's legislation was an ing the world they will inhabit. important piece of civil rights legislation for our The lamentations over this generation's fellow Americans with disabilities. Unfortu­ impact have echoed widely. American Demo­ NATIONAL AMYOTROPHIC LAT- nately, last year's legislation did little to ex­ graphics magazine reports this month that ERAL SCLEROSIS AWARENESS America's high school Class of 1986 seeks pand existing Federal benefits for these indi­ "money, not meaning" and places "play be­ MONTH viduals. My legislation takes that next impor­ fore work." tant step. The need for it is pressing and In an article based upon exhaustive sur­ HON. DANTE B. FASCELL clear. veys conducted by the University of Michi­ OF FLORIDA For example, as a result of the recession gan, the magazine disputed analysts who say IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and financial pressures, many States are cut­ that today's youth, like the children of the ting back on benefits for individuals with dis­ '60s, are turning toward nonmaterialistic Wednesday, July 31, 1991 goals. abilities. My own State of Massachusetts ear­ "In fact," the authors wrote, "young Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I am today in­ lier this year drastically cut back on the "turn­ adults seem to be turning away from intel­ troducing legislation to designate May 1992 as ing-22" program, which was of great assist­ lectual and philosophical concerns." "National Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [ALS] ance to individuals with developmental disabil­ TURNOUT DROPPED Month." ALS is better known as Lou Gehrig's ities. A citizen action group, People for the disease. May 1992 marks the 51st anniversary The Federal Government has a great moral American Way, sounded a similar alarm in of the death of Lou Gehrig, one of America's responsibility to respond to these cutbacks at July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20935 the State levels, and to improve and end dis­ The provision would be effective for tax­ IV. SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME crimination in existing Federal benefit pro­ able years after December 31, 1991. MODIFICATIONS grams. That is what my legislation does. It II. MEDICAID PROVISION (1) Index personal needs allowance for inflation An individual entitled to Supplemental Se­ modifies the tax laws, the Medicaid Program, (1) Expansion of community supported living the Social Security Disability Program, and the arrangements services curity Income (SSI) benefits who is in a hos­ Supplemental Security Income Program to pital or other medical institution (and whose eliminate negative treatment of Americans with OBRA-1990 established "community sup­ medical bill is paid by the Medicaid pro­ ported living arrangements services" as an gram) has their SSI benefits reduced to $30 disabilities. optional Medicaid benefit. The services are per month. Some children with disabilities In drafting this legislation, Mr. Speaker, I available to assist an individual who is de­ living in their parents' homes also qualify have tried to be conscious of its cost and have velopmentally disabled in activities of daily for the personal needs allowance. The allow­ tried to limit its impact on the Federal budget living in order that the individual remain in ance was increased from $25 in 1988-the first deficit. For example, the tax, Medicaid and a non-institutional setting. Benefits avail­ increase since the program was enacted. SSI provisions have only minimal cost. The able include training and habilitation serv­ The bill indexes the personal needs allow­ Social Security disability benefit expansions ices, assistive technology, and adaptive ance for inflation. will be more expensive, but are still reason­ equipment. (2) Modifications to resource deeming rules able in scope. I believe, however, that to the The CSLA benefit may only be made avail­ For purposes of determining eligibility for able in at least 2 (but no more than 8) States. SSI benefits, a child's resources are deemed extent that existing Federal benefit programs In addition, there is a limitations on expend­ discriminate against individuals with disabil­ to include those of his parents (in excess of itures for the benefit of $5 million in fiscal certain statutory limitations). These limita­ ities, we have a moral and ethical responsibil­ year 1991; $10 million in FY '92; $20 million in tions are $2,000 for a single parent and $3,000 ity to address that discrimination. FY '93; $30 million in FY '94; and $35 million for two parents. The Secretary has authority I would also add, Mr. Speaker, that I will be in FY '95. For future years, the authorization to waive these deeming rules if their applica­ more than willing to pay for this legislation. I is limited to amounts provided by Congress. tion would be inequitable. currently have pending before the Committee Under the bill, the limitation on the num­ Similar deeming rules apply with respect on Ways and Means numerous pieces of leg­ ber of States eligible for the benefit is re­ to the income of the parents, but for pur­ islation closing outrageous tax loopholes ben­ pealed. Thus, all States may offer the benefit poses of applying the income deeming rules, efitting the wealthiest taxpayers in our society. beginning in FY '92, and it must be available regulations take into account siblings of the in at least 2 States. In addition, the legisla­ child with disabilities. No such exception is Enactment of those provisions would more tion lifts the limit on expenditures in FY '93. made for the resources of the parents; the than pay for my bill. In FY '92, the limit is the current $10 mil­ siblings of the child with disabilities are dis­ A technical description of my legislation fol­ lion, plus sums not expended in FY '91. Fi­ regarded for purposes of applying the re­ lows. nally, the bill makes 2 technical corrections source deeming rules. SUMMARY OF THE EXPANSION OF FEDERAL to the definition of "developmentally dis­ The bill would take into account siblings BENEFITS FOR AMERICANS WITH DISABIL­ abled individual". of the child with disabilities for purposes of ITIES ACT The provision is effective as if included in applying the resource deeming rules. In addi­ the enactment of OBRA-1990. tion, it indexes the resource limitations of I. TAX PROVISIONS $2,000/$3,000 for inflation. (1) Certain accessories used to make automobiles III. EXPANSION OF SOCIAL SECURITY DISABILITY Both SSI provisions are effective with re­ accessible to individuals with disabilities ex­ BENEFITS spect to benefits payable after January 1, empt from luxury excise tax (1) Increase in earnings before determination of 1992. Under present law, a 10% luxury excise tax substantial gainful activity is imposed on the value of automobiles ex­ ceeding $30,000. The Secretary of the Treas­ An individual with disab111ties receiving THE PITFALLS OF THE MID-EAST ury has regulatory authority to impose the Social Security disab111ty benefits who is found to have engaged in substantial gainful PEACE PROCESS-AMBASSADOR tax on the value of any part or accessory in­ JEANE KIRKPATRICK DISCUSSES stalled on the vehicle if the addition of the activity (SGA) is subject to loss of entitle­ part or accessory is added within six months ment to benefits. An individual can be found REAL DANGERS FOR ISRAEL of the purchase and the sum of the purchase to have engaged in SGA if they have received price and the part or accessory exceeds earnings from services; regulations provide HON. DICK SWETT that earnings of more than $500 per month $30,000. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE Under the bill, the tax would be waived on establish a finding of SGA. parts or accessories used to make a vehicle Individuals between the ages of 62-69 re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accessible to the handicapped. The provision ceiving a regular Social Security benefit Wednesday, July 31, 1991 would be effective as if included in the enact­ may earn up to $810 per month in outside in­ Mr. SWETI. Mr. Speaker, almost hourly we ment of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation come before their benefit is reduced. Blind Act of 1990 ("OBRA-1990"). individuals may earn an identical level be­ hear updates of some new wrinkle or twist in the Administration's continuing effort to bring (2) Allowance of deduction for costs of making fore SGA is established. home accessible to individuals with disabilities The bill raises the SGA level for individ­ about a peace settlement in the Arab-Israeli conflict or a new mission by our Secretary of Under present law, individuals may treat uals with disab111ties from the current $500/ the costs of making a personal residence ac­ month level to the level applicable to blind State to Jerusalem or Damascus or Cairo. cessible to the handicapped as a medical ex­ individuals. While all of us sincerely welcome the prospect pense deduction (see, e.g., Rev. Rul. 87-106, (2) Phase-out of disability benefits during trial of resolving this long-running conflict, which 1987-2 CB 567). Medical expenses are deduct­ work period has produced frequent violence and instability ible as itemized deductions and are only de­ in the Middle East, there are very real prob­ Beneficiaries who are disabled have a 45 ductible to the extent that they exceed 71h% lems that our democratic ally Israel faces. of the taxpayer's adjusted gross income. month period to test their ab111ty to work without losing entitlement to benefits, con­ Surrounded as it is with hostile Arab re­ Itemized deductions are subject to addi­ gimes, Israel faces very serious risks and un­ tional limitations. Miscellaneous itemized sisting of a 9-month trial work period and a deductions are allowable only to the extent subsequent 36 month period of eligib111ty. certainties as it seeks to cooperate in this Ad­ that they exceed 2% of the taxpayer's ad­ Benefits are suspended during any of the last ministration-pressed peace process. For the justed gross income. Most itemized deduc­ 33 months that the individual engages in Arab States-who have pledged to drive Israel tions are subject to a partial disallowance to SGA. into the sea and who, after two generations, the extent that the taxpayer's adjusted gross Under the bill, benefits would be phased still refuse to recognize even the existence of income exceeds $100,000. out (rather than suspended entirely) during the state of Israel-the risks are minimal. Par­ Under the bill, the costs of making a home the final 33 months in which the individual engaged in SGA. As under present law, the ticipation in the peace process could cost accessible to the handicapped would be al­ them a loss of face, but certainly not the loss lowable as a specific itemized deduction, not individual would remain entitled to disabil­ as a medical expense deduction. Thus, the ity even if benefits were reduced or elimi­ of their nation. expenses would not be subject to the 7112% nated. Mr. Speaker, the former United States Am­ floor. In addition, the deduction would be ex­ Both provisions would generally be effec­ bassador to the United Nations, Jeane Kirk­ empt from the 2% floor and the overall limi­ tive with respect to benefits payable after patrick, in her usual perceptive fashion, has tation on itemized deductions. November, 1991. done an excellent job of putting into perspec- 20936 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 tive the risks and the limited potential rewards that the Bush/Baker team sees the " land for Operating Co. [BOC's] and allow them to man­ for Israel of the Administration's current effort peace" issue as the Arabs do-that Israel ufacture telecommunications equipment and to to bring peace to the Middle East. I ask that should return all the land seized after the offer information services. If the BOC's are al­ 1967 war. Ambassador Kirkpatrick's column from yester­ Official sources report that Baker got lowed to establish affiliates to manufacture day's Washington Post be placed in the Assad's attention when he emphasized that equipment, I want to preserve the supplier and RECORD, and I urge my colleagues to give her the Bush administration rejects Israel's subcontracting relationships that have devel­ views the serious and thoughtful consideration claim to the Golan Heights on grounds that oped between the BOC's and the small, they deserve. U.N. Resolutions 242 and 338 apply to Golan women- and minority-owned firms [SDB's] that (By Jeane Kirkpatrick) and East Jerusalem as well as to the West have sprung up to provide goods and services Bank and Gaza. PEACE MUST NOT LEAVE ISRAEL LESS SECURE Unlike most previous administrations, to the BOCs. In addition, I want to encourage There is a human tendency to repeat the Bush and Baker do not seem to be moved by the forging of new relationships brought about same mistakes. This tendency is especially the notion that Israel deserves compensation by an increased availability of venture capital strong in international affairs, where poli­ for the three wars launched against her. The and increased research and development cies are often based on the same erroneous administration does not seem to apply to Is­ funding for new and existing small, minority­ assumptions. rael the principle it applies to Kuwait-that Israel's Arab neighbors have operated for owned companies. As a result of my con­ victims of aggression deserve compensation, cerns, yesterday I introduced legislation, H.R. so long under the assumption that " the Zi­ and aggressors deserve punishment. onist entity" could be and would be de­ Nor, to some Arab interlocutors, does the 3107, which seeks to protect and encourage stroyed that it will surely be very difficult administration seem concerned with the par­ these small businesses in the event the BOC's for them to sincerely accept the possibility allel requirements of 242 and 338 that all are allowed to enter the manufacturing arena. of peaceful coexistence with a state whose states in the region enjoy "secure borders." The break-up of the Bell System, coupled very name some cannot bring themselves to The emphasis Baker gave to the question of speak. territory seems to have been crucial in con­ with the deregulation of telephone equipment, Before and after the Persian Gulf War, Syr­ vincing Arab officials. created unique opportunities for entrepreneur­ ia's Hafez Assad has vied with Iraq's Saddam An opportunist knows an opportunity ship. Prior to the divestiture, SDB's found it Hussein and the Palestine Liberation Organi­ when he sees one. difficult to contract with the Bell System. Since zation for leadership of the rejectionist bloc. It would be a colossal irony if, at precisely In that spirit, Assad rejected Secretary of then, I am pleased to say, the number of op­ the time when Israel's most dedicated adver­ portunities has increased significantly. The State James Baker's previous proposal for saries are weakened, the U.S. government negotiations, as the PLO had rejected nego­ squeezes from the Jewish state concessions seven regional Bell Operating Cos. are among tiations in which there would be no PLO rep­ that three Arab wars, decades of terrorism the largest companies in our country, annually resentative per se. Even Jordan's King Hus­ and three years, of the intifada could not buying more goods and services than virtually sein had declined to endorse the U.S. effort. wring from them. any other seven aggregate businesses in the What happened to turn around these habit­ Still, to take advantage of these new op­ United States. To supply the Bell Operating ual naysayers? portunities, rejectionist states and groups Companies with telecommunications equip­ It was not just the reduced Soviet role in must stop denying the existence of Israel and the region, although that must be as impor­ must speak to its representatives. This they ment and services, scores of minority suppli­ tant to Assad and the PLO's Yasser Arafat as have now agreed to do. ers have gone into business and prospered to Saddam. All have relied heavily on the Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir has since the modification of final judgment [MFJ] Soviets as a source of military, financial and called Syria's response a breakthrough. He was put in place. These suppliers, including diplomatic aid. But Assad and Arafat contin­ apparently thinks Assad's concessions are Native Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic ued their naysaying to Baker long after the truly important to Israel-important enough Soviet role had changed. Americans, African Americans and women, to consider accepting negotiations within a provide equipment, fire and burglar alarm sys­ Nor was it just the expanded U.S. role. framework of an international conference. That, too, has been obvious for some time. Or, and this is also possible, Shamir is tems, telephone system installation, and sci­ Undoubtedly, these basic changes in the re­ playing a diplomatic version of the child's entific and technical services, to name a few. gional balance of power must have had an in­ game of hot potato and is determined not to Dedicated to providing high quality products fluence. So has the changed posture of Saudi be the one to say " no" to face-to-face talks and services at competitive prices, they are Arabia and Kuwait toward negotiations with with Arab neighbors. Israel, Assad and the PLO both have relied top-notch and can compete with anyone when If Shamir will not say "no," and Assad will they are allowed to do so on equal footing. on the financial largess of the gulf states to not say " no," and King Hussein will not say finance their political adventures. " no," and the PLO will not say " no," then Along a similar vein, I want to encourage The defection of the gulf states (as well as there will be talks of some kind. One more the Bell Operating Cos. to invest in small busi­ Egypt) from the rejectionist camp must have Iron Curtain will be pierced. been a psychological and political blow, as ness ventures which may arise to meet new With it will come new risks and new dan­ business needs created should MFJ restric­ well as a financial problem. Once they gers. The greatest of these is that, if Assad agreed to speak with Israel, it no longer and company are correct, a settlement tions be lifted. The regional Bell companies meant that one had to be sworn to the de­ emerging under these circumstances will represent over half of the telecommunications struction of Israel to be an Arab. likely strengthen the region's most dynamic assets in this country. If the manufacturing re­ But the most important factor in influenc­ dictator and weaken its only democracy striction is lifted, it should be commensurate ing the changed policies of the major while leaving Israel's borders less secure. with provisions calling for investment in re­ rejectionist groups was probably Baker's per­ That couldn't be our policy, could it? An suasiveness and the associated belief that, in search, design and development of products administration committed to strengthening manufactured by SDB's, the establishment of President George Bush and Baker, Israel's democracy, extending peace and building a Arab neighbors have their best chance ever new world order would never weaken a demo­ venture capital funds, and the creation of joint to retrieve lands lost after the 1967 war. cratic ally to strengthen a dictatorship-ex­ ventures between the Bell Cos. and women I think they would be right in this belief. cept by a terrible mistake. and minority entrepreneurs. It has been clear almost since his election that Bush has a sense of mission about the While H.R. 3107 seeks to encourage great­ resolution of the so-called Arab-Israeli con­ er opportunity for minority- and women-owned flict-even though that conflict has not MINORITY TELECOMMUNICATIONS businesses, I want to make clear that the leg­ COMPANIES AND THE MODIFICA­ erupted into actual violence since 1981 ex­ islation establishes no quotas or specific levels TION OF FINAL JUDGMENT cept on Israel's Lebanese border, which iron­ of compliance. Instead, we urge the BOC's to ically is not included in the agenda for the planned peace negotiations. HON. CARDISS COWNS meet a standard of "maximum practicable ex­ Bush is committed to means as well as an tent'' for utilization of the targeted businesses. OF ILLINOIS end. He seeks to settle the Arab-Israeli con­ In addition to the free-standing bill I have in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flict on the basis of the "land for peace" troduced, my intention at this time is to seek principle, a principle that could become an Wednesday, July 31, 1991 exchange of very real Israeli land for Arab to amend appropriate legislation as well. I look promises of peace. Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois, Mr. Speaker, Con­ forward to working with my colleagues should Syria, Jordan and the PLO were appar­ gress is currently debating the issue of wheth­ legislation to allow the BOC's into manufactur­ ently convinced by Baker's latest shuttle er to lift the restrictions on the regional Bell ing be considered in the House. July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20937 THE OSHA VICTIMS' RIGHTS ACT silence of OSHA, and put an end to the fam111es in all 50 states during May and June OF 1991 guessing of workers or family members, as to of 1989. (In a small number of cases, the fami­ what's going on with an investigation or in­ lies of workers killed in mining mishaps re­ sponded to the survey.) HON. CHARL~ A. HAYFS spection or what caused the death or serious We also asked these fam111es for input on OF ILLINOIS injury. Perhaps this act may help workers and changes that OSHA should make in order to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their families to ease the feelings of anger, better serve their needs. NSWI received the Wednesday, July 31, 1991 frustration, and helplessness. names of families that we eventually con­ The provisions of this legislation will afford a tacted from state governments (industrial Mr. HAYES of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, today I worker or family member, in the case that a commissions or workers' compensation rise to introduce the OSHA Safety and Health worker is killed, first, an opportunity to meet boards), newspaper stories, labor unions, and Hazards Victims' Rights Act of 1991, legisla­ with the OSHA respecting the inspection or in­ other sources. It is important to note that tion that would improve upon the confidence, vestigation concerning the victim's injury, ill­ NSWI was able to make contact with a small fraction of those we attempted to reach for trust, and participation of the working public ness, or death before the issuance of a cita­ and their families in the Occupational Safety the purpose of distributing the question­ tion or report of no action; and second, an op­ naire. During the first months of 1989, Insti­ and Health Administration [OSHA]. portunity to receive, at no cost, a copy of any Through the efforts of organized labor and tute researchers attempted to make contact citation or report of no action issued as a re­ with over 1,000 fam111es in order to identify the OSHA Act of 1970 and its various amend­ those who would eventually receive the ques­ ments, important gains in worker safety and sult of such inspection or investigation on the date the citation or report is issued, be in­ tionnaire. In many cases, families had health have been accomplished. Some of the formed of any notice of contest filed, and be moved, did not speak English, or would not accomplishments in worker safety and health provided an explanation of the rights of em­ participate in the Institute's research pro­ include the right to know about toxic chemicals gram. Survey results follow below. and standards on deadly hazards like asbes­ ployees and employee representatives to par­ Question 1: Have you read the citation and/ tos. ticipate in the proceedings; and third, an op­ or investigative file by the Occupational Mr. Speaker, despite these gains, conditions portunity to appear and make a statement be­ Safety and Health Administration (or the in the various workplaces of America remain fore the parties conducting any settlement ne­ state agency) on the death of your family extremely hazardous. As many as 10,000 gotiations. member? Finally, Mr. Speaker, I include into the Question la: If yes, did you have to pay to workers are killed on the job each year, an­ receive this information? other 70,000 permanently disabled, millions in­ RECORD a 1989 survey that was conducted by the National Safe Workplace Institute in Chi­ Forty-nine percent of those surveyed had jured, and untold thousands diseased. Such a never seen the citation or investigation re­ measure of deaths and serious injuries in this cago, IL, regarding the thoughts and feelings port. This information, in theory, is freely Nation's work force takes a devastating toll on of 203 families of workers killed in job-related . accessible under the Freedom of Information the competitiveness of our industries, its work­ accidents between 1986 and 1988. I ask that Act (FOIA), but 37% claimed they did not ers, and, of course, its families. all of my colleagues join me in support of this even know that this information was avail­ Mr. Speaker, imagine the grief and pain that legislation. able to them. Forty-four percent replied that families endure when a loved one falls to their VICTIMS SPEAK OUT-RESULTS OF A SURVEY BY THE they had received the file only after a FOIA NATIONAL SAFE WORKPLACE INSTITUTE request. Additionally, 17% of those who had death or suffers serious injury at the work­ seen the report had to pay for the privilege­ place as a result of the willful, reckless, or SURVEY HIGHLIGHTS in one case as much as $56.10. Others com­ sheer neglect of an employer. The Occupa­ Forty-nine percent of the people surveyed mented that while the information was free, tional Health and Safety Administration has said that they had never seen the citation or they had to hire attorneys to assist them in the authority to conduct inspections and inves­ investigation report issued by the Occupa­ filing their FOIA requests. Still others com­ tigations and to issue citations upon employ­ tional Safety and Health Administration plained that OSHA sent incorrect or incom­ ers that operate worksites that prove to be (OSHA) or corresponding state agency in plete information. their family member's death. Thirty-seven One serious problem is that the victims are detrimental or hazardous. An untold amount of percent said that they did not even know cases reveal that families never see the cita­ generally unfam111ar with FOIA, the proce­ they could have access to this information. dure for filing an effective FOIA request, and tion or investigation report issued by the Occu­ Seventeen percent of those who had seen what to do if OSHA fails to respon~. FOIA pational Safety and Health Administration the citation or investigative report had to requires that all federal agencies "make [OSHA] in their family member's death. Fami­ pay for the privilege-in one case $56.10. available for public inspection and copying lies that see investigative reports are forced to Ninety-three percent believed OSHA, as a final opinions, including concurring and dis­ pay for copies and it is documented that one matter of policy, should contact family senting opinions, as well as orders, made in family paid $56.1 O for reports. Also, many members to explain its procedures, and 86% the adjudication of cases" unless there is agreed that the family should have the right some compelling reason for nondisclosure families have no idea at all what OSHA is to meet with OSHA before the investigative doing concerning the death of their family (Le., the request falls within a statutorily file is closed. exempted category). The first step involves member. Ninety-eight percent felt that they should Mr. Speaker, OSHA fails to treat victims of deciding which OSHA office to contact. Area have the right to know if and when OSHA offices usually have the working files. By unsafe workplaces, or their families, with dig­ was meeting with employers to resolve pen­ statute, a FOIA request need not follow any nity and respect in regard to the results of an alties regarding their family member's specific form; all it must do is make reason­ investigation, inspection, or citation issuance. I death, and 71 % reported that they would at­ ably clear what information the requester strongly believe that the workers and their tend such meeting if given this right. desires. The more precise the request, the families should have access to all information Seventy percent of the families responded better the chances of a successful reply. that they had no idea at all what OSHA was and be allowed to appear and make a state­ However, a FOIA form does exist, and its use doing in the death of their family member. may result in obtaining the requested infor­ ment during any settlement negotiations con­ More than four out of five respondents felt cerning the impact of a worksite safety viola­ mation more easily. Upon receiving the re­ that if they had had more contact with quest, OSHA has 10 business days in which to tion. Simply put, workers and their families OSHA, the agency would have imposed a respond-a period that can easily be would like to have the right to know if and higher penalty on the employer. stretched into nine months. Victims can when OSHA is meeting with employers to re­ VICTIMS SPEAK OUT: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL take complaints or appeals to the Solicitor solve penalties regarding death or serious in­ SAFE WORKPLACE INSTITUTE SURVEY of Labor. If the result is not satisfactory, the jury. The National Safe Workplace Institute re­ requester can then file suit against the Sec­ Mr. Speaker, this request from workers and cently conducted a survey involving 203 fam- retary of Labor in federal district court. their families is not a large and unreasonable 111es of workers killed in job-related acci­ Victims can also run into trouble in court. one. Workers and their families want signifi­ dents between 1986 and 1988. The purpose of Unless they can afford to hire a lawyer, the cant changes in the way that OSHA operates. this survey was to learn what these fam111es highly technical language of the law be­ thought and felt about OSHA, how the agen­ comes a very real stumbling block. Even if They want to be allowed to participate in all cy (and corresponding state agencies) had victims do have an attorney, OSHA has the phases of enforcement and adjudicative proc­ treated them, and what they knew about resources of the Department of Labor on its esses. OSHA's services and its obligations to them. side, which can be intimidating to the The Occupational Safety and Health Haz­ A total of 203 fam111es responded to written uninitiated. Victims do, however, enjoy one ards Victims' Rights Act of 1991 will break the questionnaires that were mailed to about 250 important advantage: federal courts tend to 20938 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 interpret the Freedom of Information Act respondent indicated that his family could curs, we live under the potentially fatal as­ broadly, in favor of compelling disclosure. not envision participating under any cir­ sumption that we are safe at work. It is not FOIA limits fees to "reasonable standard cumstances. true. You may never go home again." charges for document search and duplica­ Question 6: Do you believe, in general, that Overall, the survey elicited feelings of tion." Fee reductions or waivers are avail­ if you or someone from a family of a dead anger, frustration, and helplessness. Family able if " disclosure of the information is in worker had more contact with OSHA, that members of dead workers strongly believe the public interest because it is likely to OSHA would be more likely to propose more that OSHA is not doing its job and is unre­ contribute significantly to public under­ severe penal ties on the employer? sponsive to their needs. These families want standing of the operation or activities of the Eighty-three percent answered yes to this significant changes in the way that OSHA government and is not primarily in the com­ query. Ten percent were unsure, and only operates. Most importantly, they want to be mercial interest of the requester." OSHA seven percent responded with a definite allowed to participate in all phases of en­ must provide the first two hours of search " no." forcement and adjudicative processes. time and the first 100 pages in copying fees Question 7: Should the family of a killed free of charge. All fees must be pre-set and worker have the right to meet with OSHA published by the agency to avoid arbitrari­ before a citation is issued or an investigative GLACIER BAY CRUISE smP ness. file is closed? ENTRIES BILL Question 2: In general, how do you regard Again, the vast majority (86%) answered OSHA as a government agency? positively, five percent were unsure, and The respondents' overall reaction to OSHA nine percent replied in the negative; but, as HON. DON YOUNG was decidedly negative. While 5% found the next question would show, most had no OF ALASKA OSHA "excellent," 71 % described OSHA as a idea what was going on. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "poor" or "below average" government Question 8: Did you understand what OSHA agency. An additional 24% called it only "av­ was doing regarding your family member's Wednesday, July 31, 1991 erage." A common thread of discontent ran case? Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, Glacier through the responses: Only 30% reported that they had any idea "The agency does not aggressively pursue what OSHA was doing with respect to the Bay is a spectacular destination for thousands failures to learn from the past. If it did family member's cases. Half of those added of people who visit Alaska. The vast propor­ evaluate the failures of the workplace * * *, that they knew exactly what OSHA was tion of these visitors enter the bay on cruise we could reduce or eliminate future human doing: nothing. ships to see tidewater glaciers, soaring moun­ losses." Gerald L. Reuter, Massachusetts. Sixty-eight percent of the respondents said tains, whales, and other wildlife. This method "We found OSHA to be a typically bureau­ they did not know what the government was of visitation is environmentally benign and is cratic agency. We were told a different story doing. Finally, two percent were not sure. fully compatible with the purposes for which by each person we talked to. There were Question 9: How do you feel about the way Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve was things the investigators missed seeing * * * OSHA has treated you or failed to treat you? established. After we received the accident report, it was Once more, a note of dissatisfaction echoed too late to point these out." Pam Dodge, Or­ throughout the responses: As the world learns of this magnificent site, egon. "My first instinct is to say that I am infu­ the demand for entries has grown to the point "I believe it's an 'I don't care' agency. As riated. Infuriated because they permitted the that the National Park Service [NPS] is provid­ you can tell, we are very bitter with OSHA." accident to take a life in the first place. In­ ing insufficient cruise ship entries into the bay. Joyce L. Reamy, Maryland (now of Nevada). furiated because the investigation and cita­ Since the early 19BO's, only 107 cruise ship "They never got in contact with family tion were a perfunctory gesture, not made to entries are permitted each year. This is inad­ members to explain or talk about the acci­ discipline or punish. And victimized. Out­ equate to serve both the public and compa­ dent. They sit silent while family members raged that a public agency can be allowed to guess and wonder what's going on-or what operate in this way." Jana Studelska, Min­ nies seeking to provide cruise tours. went wrong." Antal and Carrie Skerlak, nesota. My bill would direct NPS to issue up to 180 Kentucky. "They didn't treat me at all. It's as though entry permits each year. This number of en­ "The report sent me said my son was the fam111es didn't even exist or have a right tries is environmentally acceptable and, as in­ killed because the OSHA safety poster was to know anything about the case or the find­ dicated by previous studies, will not adversely not displayed in a prominent place. After ings regarding the case." Lynda Bradley, affect the wildlife resources of the bay includ­ getting my Congressman into the act, I fi­ North Dakota. ing the humpback whales. Moreover, this level nally received the actual report. It was a "I felt just like another statistic, because of entries will satisfy visitation demand for the very poor job of investigation and did not I didn't know and still don't know what they follow OSHA regulations." Basil Martin, are doing." Linda Lyons, Texas. foreseeable future. Mississippi. "I think they should have contacted the Expanded entries will also facilitate competi­ Question 3: Do you think that OSHA spouse and parents of victims-let them tion among the cruise ship companies. New should contact the next-of-kin (family mem­ know what was found, what fines were issued companies will be able to freely and equally bers) of those killed to explain its proce­ and why they didn't recheck to see that safe­ compete for new entries. We will be able to dures? ty items were fixed, replaced, or installed. In avoid the destructive exercise of taking per­ An overwhelming 95% of those surveyed re­ other words, I have a bad feeling about mits from exiting entrants for reallocation to sponded affirmatively-a clear mandate that OSHA." Mary Windisch, Kansas. new companies. To ensure the full and fair these people feel entitled to information "I personally feel that the regulations about the death of a family member. The presently on the books were not followed and competition, section 207(b) expressly provides other five percent answered that they were that OSHA did a very incomplete job and that no companies-old or new-are to be ac­ not sure but voiced no additional comments. was very discourteous in their correspond­ corded any preferences priorities, or special Question 4: Would you like to have the ence with me and my lawyer." Basil Martin, treatment in competing for new entry permits. right to know if and when OSHA is meeting Mississippi. Section 207 will also resolve another fester­ with employers to resolve penalties regard­ "I was told by members of my husband's ing dispute involving existing entry permits. In ing the death or injury of your family mem­ company that OSHA had been there to inves­ section 1307 of the Alaska National Interest ber? tigate the accident. OSHA was to make a re­ Lands Conservation Act [ANILCA], Congress Ninety-eight percent of the family mem­ port. Then I was told that the accident was specified that those entities or persons provid­ bers believed that they should have this covered by the Mine Safety people and OSHA right. The other two percent were not sure. didn't have to send me a report." Royce ing visitor services in Park .Service units in Question 5: Would someone from your fam­ Malley, California. Alaska would be granted the opportunity to ily attend such meetings if you had that Question 10: What changes do you want to continue providing these services. Companies right? see made within or by OSHA? such as Holland America Lines Westours and Seventy-one percent said that they or Nearly a third of the replies called for in­ Princess, pioneers in providing cruise ship someone from their family would definitely creased contact with the family and greater services to Glacier Bay, are among current attend such meetings. Their responses make victims' rights. Many others felt that stiffer operators whose entry rights were protected clear that they want the opportunity to help penalties and better and more frequent in­ encourage settlements or decisions that spections would add to OSHA's effectiveness. by section 1307. Unfortunately NPS seems in­ would ensure injury protection. As one respondent from Minnesota put it, "I tent on misconstruing this provision and deny­ The remaining respondents, with one ex­ want to see an aggressive, effectual OSHA. ing section 1307 rights to some of these his­ ception, indicated that they were not sure if The OSHA Act of 1970 has left the working toric operators. Section 207(b) would resolve they would participate in such session. One population out to dry. Until an accident oc- this issue consistent with the original intent of July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20939 Congress. This language should be unneces­ individual through challenging their intellectual I urge my colleagues to join me in seeking sary and could be dropped if NPS will act in abilities and enhancing their personal under­ passage of this bill. It is a small price for our accordance with section 1307. standing of self. A physical component brings country to pay for the dedication and sacrifices Other provisions of the bill direct that new students through an exciting wilderness cur­ of the thousands of men and women who so studies be done regarding the bay's summer riculum allowing them a sense of self -accom­ honorably served Vietnam. population of humpback whales. There was a plishment. Other opportunities to participate in flap in the late 1970's about ship traffic ad­ student government, travel, sports, theater, versely affecting and causing them to not and music provide even more growth to the FICA TAX RELIEF FOR CAMP enter Glacier Bay. Most Alaskans knew that students. COUNSELORS ACT OF 1991 the whales followed their food and in those The CEDU School is highly ranked on the years when prey species are not available in national level as well. Placing above the na­ HON. JIM MOODY the bay, the whales stay outside. This was tional average on the scholastic aptitude test OF WISCONSIN demonstrated by a series of NPS studies con­ and the American College Testing System IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ducted in the early 1980's. Of course, when have been consistent over the years. An im­ prey returned to the Bay so did the whales. pressive 85 percent of the students go on to Wednesday, July 31, 1991 To ensure that up-to-date information is college. The CEDU School turns out young Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, I am introducing available to NPS, the bill directs NPS and the men and women who are educated with a legislation with Representatives VANDER JAGT National Marine Fisheries Service [NMFS] to positive self-image and provides young adults and KENNELL v today that will exempt full-time do vessel and whale effects studies. This data with the confidence to reach their full potential. students employed by children's summer will enable the agencies to properly manage Mr. Speaker, I would like to congratulate the camps from paying FICA taxes. Students em­ Glacier Bay and its resources. Wasserman family, the faculty, and the stu­ ployed by their colleges and universities are Vessel tours of Glacier Bay are an environ­ dents of the CEDU School for 25 years of ex­ already exempt from paying these taxes, as mentally sensitive means of enabling the pub­ cellence. The important work they do is cer­ are newspaper boys and girls, and many stu­ lic to visit the park. The purposes of the park tainly worthy of recognition by the House dent nurses. and the National Park System are served by today. As a result, employees of school-sponsored this measure which will facilitate public use camps are already exempt from paying FICA and enjoyment in a manner that leaves Gla­ taxes, whereas employees of other camps are cier Bay unimpaired for future generations. I LEGISLATION TO EXTEND EDU­ not. This is an arbitrary inequity which our leg­ urge speedy enactment of this bill. CATION BENEFITS FOR VIETNAM islation will correct. VETERANS Estimates made by the Congressional Budget Office and industry sources of annual HON. PATSY T. MINK revenue losses generated by this legislation A TRIBUTE TO THE CEDU SCHOOL OF HAWAII range from $7 million to $13 million. Half of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these funds will go directly into the hands of camp-employed students at a time of rising HON. JERRY LEWIS Wednesday, July 31, 1991 OF CALIFORNIA educational expenses. The other half will pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, today I have intro­ vide the resources to supplement student duced legislation to extend for an additional 5 compensation levels designed to attract and Wednesday, July 31, 1991 years the education benefits under the GI bill retain better qualified counselors. Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I for Vietnam era veterans. In 1989, the author­ Sixty-five percent of these camps are non­ would like to bring to your attention the out­ ization for the Vietnam era GI bill expired, profit. They serve millions of children across standing achievements and service of the leaving thousands of men and women ineli­ the Nation. There is not a single State in the CEDU School in Running Springs, CA. The gible to take advantage of the tuition assist­ Union that does not have at least a dozen CEDU School, founded in 1967 by Mel and ance, student loans, counseling services, and summer camps. This bill will enable all of Brigitte Wasserman, offers not only academics other educational benefits included in the Viet­ these camps to improve the quality of staff in a classroom setting but presents students nam era GI bill. and, ·hence, of the experience campers enjoy. with an awareness of their full potential Mr. Speaker, the long and arduous journey This legislation will make a small contribu­ through a diverse curriculum. home has been a difficult one of the Vietnam tion to an important industry, an industry that The objective of the CEDU School is to pro­ veteran. And after years of struggling to as­ is devoted to improving the lives of our chil­ vide students with a multitude of learning ex­ similate back into mainstream society, many dren. I urge my colleagues to support this periences through a range of academic, emo­ are just now in a position to take advantage of measure. tional, social, and physical tasks. The CEDU the educational opportunity afforded under the School challenges students' self-imposed limi­ GI bill-yet they exist no more. tations as well as their mental and physical In 1989, when the benefit expired, only 8.2 CURRENT WETLAND POLICY capabilities. The school's atmosphere guides million of the 13 million Vietnam veterans eligi­ GROSSLY UNFAIR the students in achieving their full potential. ble for benefits had participated in the pro­ Approximately 100 students attend CEDU, gram. This means that approximately 40 per­ HON. RON PACKARD joined by 26 full-time teachers with classes cent of those eligible have not made use of OF CALIFORNIA adapted to the academic needs and special the educational assistance that they are enti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES learning styles of the students. Resources and tled to. assistance are readily available in tutoring and Since 1944, when we passed the first GI bill Wednesday, July 31, 1991 academic counseling. The CEDU Program is sending thousands of World War II veterans to Mr. PACKARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to 30 months in length and provides a grade 7 to college, the country has seen the valuable re­ express my dismay over current policy to reg­ 12 education. CEDU also aids students sults of investing in the education of the men ulate wetlands. Throughout my service as a through the stages of emotional growth and and women of our armed services. So very public official, I have voiced my protest against development that may have been interrupted many doctors, lawyers, teachers, scientists, instances of unfair and inconsistent regulation by challenging home or family environments. and even Members of this body, began their by the Federal Government. Current policy Providing a positive self-image and further­ college careers under the GI bill. Certainly, it regulating wetlands fits into that category. ing self-confidence with academics encour­ is in the best interests of this Nation that we According to the regulator's definition, a ages students to continue their education. continue in this tradition. wetland doesn't have to be ecologically valu­ Both faculty and students pride themselves on Mr. Speaker, Vietnam was a long and pain­ able or even wet. As long as the land fits into the drug-free school where physical and men­ ful war and for many who served there the an overly broad definition, it's a wetland, tal health are demonstrated and maintained. task of putting their lives back together has whether it's wet or not. Consider the fact that The academic and emotional curricula is de­ been long and painful as well. We must not families who have owned and farmed a parcel signed to enhance the performance of each close the door on their hopes for the future. of land for generations suddenly find them- 20940 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 selves unable to farm the land because the a bill to amend section 842(b) of the Internal amounts of net investment income on which Federal Government has suddenly decided to Revenue Code which affects the taxation of domestic companies have been taxed. classify their land as an ecologically valuable foreign companies carrying on insurance busi­ The third problem with current section wetland. nesses within the United States. This legisla­ 842(b) is that it does not take into consider­ Forgotten is the fact that this valuable wet­ tion is intended to correct certain technical ation year-to-year investment yield fluctuations land was once a thriving and productive farm, problems and inequities in the current section which are due to normal trading practice dif­ serving as the livelihood for a family now 842{b). ferences. The amending legislation provides faced with an uncertain future. As a further Section 842{b) was added to the Internal for a carryover account to account for ordinary blow, this family can't even sell the land in Revenue Code as part of the Omnibus Budget year-to-year differences in portfolio trading order to purchase a farm elsewhere. Who Reconciliation Act of 1987 to address a con­ practices from company to company. Finally, would want to buy farmland that can't be cern that foreign insurance companies were current section 842(b) is inconsistent with our farmed? Current wetlands policy is grossly un­ able to minimize the amount of net investment international obligations. The amending legis­ fair and it must be changed. income subject to U.S. taxation. Section lation provides for an individualized company 842(b) sets out rules for calculations of "re­ yield election under which a foreign insurance quired U.S. assets" and "minimum effectively company can elect to use the yield on its own THE PRESIDENT'S WETLANDS connected net investment income." Under U.S. dollar-denominated assets in place of the RESPONSIBILITY section 842(b), the net investment income of a domestic yield to calculate the minimum effec­ foreign insurance company that is effectively tively connected net investment income, sub­ HON. AL SWIFT connected with the conduct of an insurance ject to the following restrictions: OF WASHINGTON business in the United States may not be less First, the yield used in calculating the mini­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than the required U.S. assets of the company mum can never be less than 80 percent of the multiplied by the domestic investment yield ap­ domestic investment yield; Wednesday, July 31 , 1991 plicable to the company for the taxable year. Second, if the amount of the foreign compa­ Mr. SWIFT. Mr. Speaker, in the most reveal­ Required U.S. assets is the product of the for­ ny's mean U.S. dollar-denominated assets is ing example yet of the President's lack of eign insurance company's U.S. insurance li­ less than 80 percent of required U.S. assets leadership on domestic policies, his own agen­ abilities and the domestic asset/liability per­ for a year, the minimum will be calculated cies yesterday threw up their hands and centage. Once this minimum amount of effec­ under the existing section 842(b) formula; and bucked a decision they ought to have worked tively connected net investment income is cal­ Third, if the foreign company's U.S. dollar­ out right into the President's lap. culated, the insurance company pays tax denominated assets fall between 80 percent The issue was wetlands. The problem was under the regime set out in subchapter L of and 100 percent of required U.S. assets, the that these agencies-the Corps of Engineers, the Internal Revenue Code, but using the company will have 105 percent of the domes­ EPA, Fish and Wildlife Service, Soil Conserva­ greater of this minimum amount or the compa­ tic investment yield applied to its shortfall 'in tion Service, and OMB-disagreed on what ny's actual amount of effectively connected required U.S. assets in calculating the mini­ the policy should be. Saving wetlands is im­ net investment income as the amount of its mum. portant. But excessive regulations have cre­ net investment income. Once this individualized company yield elec­ ated a nightmare of bureaucratic excess. The amending l'egislation does not change tion is made, it will apply to all subsequent The President was the one who announced the fundamental concept set out in the 1987 years unless revoked with the consent of the a "no net loss" wetlands policy and then wan­ amendments but simply corrects certain tech­ Secretary. dered off to deal with foreign issues while his nical problems and inequities. The amending The use of 2-year-old data from domestic administration tried to figure out what he want­ legislation modifies current section 842(b) in insurance companies to calculate the domestic ed to do. The result was that the four agen­ three mechanical ways. In addition, the asset/liability percentage and the domestic in­ cies met and squabbled and, on one occasion, amending legislation allows a foreign insur­ vestment yield creates a serious distortion in even broke up when one agency walked out­ ance company to elect to incorporate its own calculating the appropriate tax liability for for­ just took its marbles and went home. U.S. dollar-denominated assets' yield in the eign insurance companies. The 2-year lag has The President should have given direction. calculation of the minimum effectively con­ created a particularly serious problem given He should have told them where he wanted nected net investment income. the effective date of section 842(b). The first them to come out. Now, in a tacit admission The first two problems with current section taxable year for which section 842(b) is appli­ of their inability to find a compromise they 842(b) are due to the fact that Treasury has cable is 1988. Thus, 1986 investment yields have been forced to punt to the Oval Office. been using 2-year-old financial statement data will be used under existing section 842(b) to Well, that is not all bad. The Oval Office is from the annual statements of the domestic in­ calculate the minimum which will be compared where this problem started, and it is right that surance companies-the so-called NAIC an­ with the foreign insurance company's 1988 ac­ it should return there for solution. nual statements-as the representative do­ tual effectively connected net investment in­ Today I am signing on to three bills that ad­ mestic company data to determine the domes­ come. Investment yields for 1986 were much dress the wetlands problem. They each have tic asset/liability percentage and domestic in­ higher than the investment yields earned by different approaches, but each recognizes that vestment yield. The domestic asset/liability both domestic and foreign companies in 1988. something is wrong in how we go about pro­ percentage and the domestic investment yield The 1986 domestic investment yield, as cal­ tecting wetlands. I hope Congress does not are then used by the foreign insurance com­ culated by Treasury, as 1O percent. The com­ have to act, that we do not have to clean up panies to calculate their minimum effectively parable domestic investment yield for 1988 is after the President. But if he will not now, at connected net investment income. The 8.8 percent, a difference of 120 basis points. long last, address this matter even after his amending legislation requires that Treasury This problem can reoccur from year to year as own agencies admit their failure to deal with it, use domestic company tax return data-to the yields fluctuate. then Congress will have to act. These bills extent possible-from the same taxable year A second problem with current section suggest ways that might be done. as the year for which the section 842{b) cal­ 842(b} involves the source of the data being culations are being done. Since foreign insur­ used by Treasury to calculate the domestic ance companies are taxed on the basis of the asset/liability percentage and the domestic in­ A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 842(b) domestic asset/liability percentage and the do­ vestment yield. In both Notice 89-96 and No­ OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE mestic investment yield calculated under sec­ tice 90-13, Treasury stated that it utilized tion 842(b), it seems only fair and reasonable NAIC annual statement data to determine both HON. SANDER M. LEVIN that the domestic ratios be calculated using the domestic asset/liability percentage and the OF MICHIGAN the same year tax return data rather than the domestic investment yield. Tax return net in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 2-year-old financial statement data. Further­ vestment income can vary significantly from more, the use of domestic insurance company NAIC annual statement net investment in­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 tax return data changes the calculation of the come. Congress recognized this point in sec­ Mr. LEVIN of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, today minimum amount of effectively connected net tion 56{f)(1) which provides that, for taxable I am introducing, along with Mr. VANDERJAGT, investment income so that it is based upon years 1987, 1988, and 1989, a corporation July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20941 must increase its alternative minimum taxable performance, portfolio mix, and the timing of of fiscal austerity, the revenue consequences income by 50 percent of the difference be­ realization of capital gains and losses between of any proposal, even one firmly grounded in tween financial statement income, as adjusted, a foreign insurance company and the rep­ good tax policy as I believe this one is, may and alternative minimum taxable income com­ resentative domestic insurance company constrain the Congress in addressing a prob­ puted without regard to section 56(f)(1 ). Using which can result in significant year-by-year dif­ lem in the Tax Code. However, I srongly feel NAIC annual statement data for section 842(b) ferences between the domestic and foreign that revenue costs alone should not prevent purposes has the effect of taxing foreign life yields, even where the yields are identical on us from. seeking to implement our Tax Code insurance companies based upon the financial a cumulative basis over time. fairly. Finally, it should be noted that during statement net investment income of domestic The use of a carryover account is necessary markup of last year's reconciliation bill, a pro­ life insurance companies even though there is to ensure that trading differences and timing posal similar to this one, was included in a list no assurance that the domestic life insurance issues do not result in a foreign insurance of 28 tax proposals the Joint Committee on companies have been or will be actually sub­ company being subject to income tax on a cu­ Taxation determined were good tax policy and ject to tax on that amount of net investment in­ mulative amount of net investment income that were relatively noncontroversial. For all these come. exceeds both what the foreign insurance com­ reasons, I urge the House to give serious con­ Perhaps the most significant difference be­ pany and the representative domestic insur­ sideration to these important reforms. tween NAIC annual statement data and tax re­ ance company actually earned over that pe­ turn data is in the calculation of net capital riod of time. The carryover account would gains and losses. For NAIC annual statement keep track, on a yearly basis, of the cumu­ STATEMENT COMMENDING MICH­ purposes, gains and losses are calculated lative difference between actual effectively IGAN· STATE SENATOR HARRY using NAIC asset values, not actual tax costs. connected net investment income and mini­ GAST NAIC asset values are subject to write-downs mum effectively connected net investment in­ and write-ups, with conservative guidelines come. The intent of the carryover account is to HON. FREDERICK S. UPTON mandated for use in the preparation of the ensure that a foreign insurance company will OF MICHIGAN NAIC annual statement dictating more write­ be subject to tax on the greater of its cumu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES downs than write-ups. This results in a book lative actual effectively connected net invest­ value which is generally less than tax cost and ment income and the cumulative minimum ef­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 therefore NAIC annual statement capital gains fectively connected net investment income. Mr. UPTON. Mr. Speaker, it is with great greater than ~apital gains on a tax basis. Such The greater-of concept is measured on a cu­ pleasure that I take this opportunity to pay trib­ overstatements inflate the domestic invest­ mulative basis, not an annual basis. ute to one of Michigan's most outstanding citi­ ment yield. This inflation of domestic invest­ While current section 842{d)(2) provides that zens and public servants-State Senator ment yield is inappropriate since the U.S. in­ Treasury shall issue regulations that provide Harry Gast. surance companies are not being taxed on the for adjustments in future years where actual As I grew up in southwestern Michigan and gains calculated in this manner. effectively connected net investment income in aspired to serve in government, Harry Gast A third problem with section 842{b) which is a year exceeds minimum effectively connected was a true mentor of mine. To this day, even addressed by this legislation involves the net investment income for that year, no regu­ as I serve in public life, I look to Harry for whipsaw effect of section 842(b)'s year-by­ lations have been issued on this point. The guidance and advice. Senator Gast is known year comparison of the required minimum amending legislation clarifies that adjustments to all as a man with high standards, sharp po­ amount of effectively connected investment in­ would be made so that the foreign company litical instincts, and tough bargaining skills. He come and the company's actual net invest­ will be subject to tax over the cumulative pe­ has been tremendously successful as chair­ ment income. riod on the greater of what it actually earns man of the Senate Appropriations Committee Under current law section 842(b), in any over that period and what the average domes­ and as a powerful protector of the best inter­ taxable year, a foreign insurance company is tic company earns over that same period. If, ests of southwestern Michigan. subject to tax on the greater of first, its actual due to poor investment performance, the for­ Aside from all his political success, what en­ effectively connected net investment income eign company earns more than the cumulative dears Harry Gast to the people he serves is and second, its minimum effectively connected required minimum over the period, the foreign his big heart, candid manner and great devo­ net investment income, with the minimum company would be subject to tax on its cumu­ tion to improving quality of life for the people being calculated using domestic company fi­ lative actual. of Michigan. nancial statement data from 2 years previous Finally, in addition to the problems laid out One of the many areas in which Senator to the current year. This greater-of approach above, current section 842{b) may violate the Gast has made invaluable contributions is the will result in the foreign insurance company nondiscrimination articles found in many of our field of agriculture. He has proven himself to being subject to tax on net investment income income tax treaties in that section 842{b) be keenly aware of the agricultural needs of greater than either it or a representative do­ taxes a foreign insurance company less favor­ his district in southwestern Michigan and bet­ mestic insurance company earns over any ably than domestic insurance companies are ter yet, he has shown that he has what it measured period of time. taxed because, under current section 842(b), takes to sponsor and support legislation to ad­ For example, if foreign company investment foreign insurance companies are not taxed dress those needs. yields over time are identical to domestic com­ based upon their own investment results but Farming is the backbone or rural America pany investment yields during the same period instead are taxed based upon the investment and our State senator has used his extensive but differ on a year-by-year basis, under cur­ results of their competitors. The individualized wisdom and enthusiasm to enhance Michi­ rent section 842(b), because of the greater-of company yield election, along with the modi­ gan's agricultural programs-benefiting both approach of section 842(b), exacerbated by fications described above, are intended to farmers and consumers. the 2-year lag and data collection problems, make section 842(b) work in a manner that is But it is not just support of the agricultural the foreign company will be subject to tax on both fair and consistent with our international industry for which Senator Gast is noted. His a greater cumulative yield over the period than obligations. active involvement in improving farmworkers' either it or the representative domestic compa­ I have requested a revenue estimate from housing, rebuilding our infrastructure in the in­ nies earned during that period. A small dif­ the Joint Committee on Taxation for this legis­ terests of economic development, and pre­ ference in investment yield can create large lation and am awaiting a response. There is serving our State's environment are also sig­ distortions in the calculated minimum under an argument that, since the current section nificant achievements. In fact his dedicated ef­ section 842{b). This distortive impact can cre­ 842(b) is inconsistent with most of our existing forts to our States conservation movement ate a U.S. tax liability for a foreign insurance income tax treaty obligations, amending sec­ earned him the distinction of Legislative Con­ company that exceeds its U.S. net income. tion 842(b) to make it consistent with those servationist of the Year by the Michigan Unit­ A carryover account is needed even though obligations will actually raise tax revenue. ed Conservation Clubs. the amending legislation eliminates the use of However, whenever Members of Congress State Senator Harry Gast is a role model 2-year-old data. The carryover account is propose a change to the Internal Revenue not just for me, and his colleagues in the needed to account for year-by-year differences Code, those changes are often viewed as Michigan State Senate, but for all citizens who in trading practices, year-to-year investment bearing some cost. Of course, in these times wish to contribute to the betterment of their 20942 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 communities and make this world a better New IRA-Plus Accounts would be created to Mr. Speaker, it is also appropriate to recog­ place. reward long-term investment from middle-in­ nize the value of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Many of us take great pride in the achieve­ come Americans by allowing them to accumu­ Congressional Intern Program. The LBJ Pro­ ments and leadership of Harry Gast. We know late and compound interest tax free. gram allows us to bring these apt young peo­ that his future service will be marked by his Additional incentives in the bill would allow ple to Washington, and affords us to provide continued uncanny ability to separate the more lower and middle-income families the a stipend for their services. The experiences wheat from the chaff and get things done for chance to achieve the American dream, home they have inspire them to public service, southwest Michigan. It is truly an honor for me ownership. A brand new first-time homebuyer whether here or at home, in government or to work in a close partnership with this distin­ tax credit would help offset the downpayment privately. And they pass on this inspiration to guished public servant. for a first-time home purchase. The credit their family, friends, and associates. The LBJ would be greatest-$1000-for those of low to Program helps create this ripple effect of good moderate incomes and would phase out for citizenship, and is the kind of program that INTRODUCTION OF THE ECO­ those families with incomes above $41,000. gives us an enormous return on a relatively NOMIC GROWTH ACT OF 1991 Penalty-free withdrawals from IRA-Plus Ac­ small investment. counts could be made for a first-time home Mr. Speaker, many young men and women HON. NEWf GINGRICH purchase, higher education expenses or medi­ come to Washington each year to learn how OF GEORGIA cal needs. the wheels of government turn, and they make IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It's also time the Federal Government pull in a truly valuable contribution to the Congress the reins on disincentives on the use of this while they are here. It is a pleasure for me to Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Nation's greatest untapped resource, older have worked with Mindy and Mark, whose out­ Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, today, I have Americans. The Economic Growth Act would standing performance place them among the introduced the Economic Growth Act of 1991. raise the Social Security earnings limits, allow­ best and brightest. These two young people I'm joined in the other body by my distin­ ing our elderly to retain more of the benefits are shining examples of Hoosier talent, and I guished colleague from Texas, Mr. GRAMM. they have rightfully earned while they make a know they will serve proudly as role models It was exactly 1O years ago to this very day substantial contribution to our Nation's com­ for their colleagues at home, and for their that Congress gave final approval to the petitiveness. younger counterparts who will be trying to fill Reagan tax cuts embodied in the Economic Finally, Mr. Speaker, the Economic Growth their shoes in the coming years. Recovery Act of 1981. This comprehensive fis­ Act of 1991 would codify the stake that every It is a bittersweet time for me, to say good­ cal package can largely be credited with es­ American has in continued economic growth. bye, for now, to these two friends of mine, tablishing incentives for capital formation, in­ After 1996, all revenues resulting from real who have become invaluable to me in serving vestment, and entrepreneurship, the very re­ economic growth above 3 percent would be of my constituents. They are each returning to forms that spurred the American economy, used to increase the personal exemption. their final year of study in college, Mindy to mired in the grips of 13.5 percent inflation, 7 The Economic Growth Act of 1991 is clearly Purdue University, and Mark to Indiana Uni­ percent unemployment, and 20 percent inter­ a comprehensive package in the spirit of versity. Mindy will complete her studies in edu­ est rates, on to the longest peacetime eco­ Kemp-Roth. It's time for Congress to take the cation and in government. Mark will finish his nomic expansion in U.S. history. Seventeen lead. Let us provide the basis for the renewed in political science. They both have very prom­ million new jobs were created during this pe­ emphasis on capital formation, investment, en­ ising careers ahead of them, and I am con­ riod. trepreneurship and risk taking that will propel fident they will use their great abilities and Mr. Speaker, if we learned anything from the U.S. economy into another period of sus­ learning toward public service. Because when this dramatic turnabout, it was that in times of tained growth and job creation. it comes to our country and our future, they slow economic growth, when excessive gov­ Mr. Speaker, I urge you and all Members of are as concerned and patriotic as they are tal­ ernment regulation and taxation strangle eco­ the House to support economic growth, sup­ ented and able. nomic expansion, policies must be adopted port savings, support investment, support Mr. Speaker, like many thousands of con­ that unshackle the potentially unlimited U.S. home ownership, and reward hard work, by gressional interns who have passed through economy. This is the only logical course of ac­ cosponsoring the Economic Growth Act of these doors before, Mindy and Mark will no tion. We have a moral and ethical obligation to 1991. doubt be very successful as they go through provide a sound fiscal base for all citizens of life. But they are among the few who do more this Nation. with their existence than succeed-they use The Institute for Policy Innovation estimates LBJ CONGRESSIONAL INTERN their gifts to make the world a better place. that, if enacted, the Economic Growth Act PROGRAM Mr. Speaker, because these two friends of would result in the creation of 500,000 new mine are a superb example of what is right in jobs over the next 5 years. By the year 2000, HON. TIMOTHY J. ROEMER America today, I wanted to set aside this time our package of growth incentives would result OF INDIANA for them. Though I know we will remain in 1.1 million new jobs. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends and colleagues for many years, Mindy Thus, in the spirit of the Economic Recovery Wetzel and Mark Meissner will be missed. It Wednesday, July 31, 1991 Act of 1981, Senator GRAMM and I present the has been an honor and a pleasure to have Economic Growth Act of 1991. The act, while Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, as a freshman them in my office; they are truly special. revenue neutral, aggressively combats the Member of this body, it has been a continuous root causes of the current economic slow­ challenge to create an organization that is effi­ down. It includes a capital gains rate reduction cient and responsive in helping me to rep­ SOUTH DAKOTA RANKS FIRST IN on a sliding scale and indexing of capital as­ resent the Third District of Indiana. But with ETHANOL USE IN GASOLINE sets for inflation. This combination will provide this challenge have come some terrific bene­ incentives to invest in American business, and fits, and I would like to share one of these with HON. TIM JOHNSON American jobs. This will decrease the cost of my colleagues today. OF SOUTH DAKOTA capital and thus allow American firms to make I have been blessed with the company of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the very capital investments that will increase two of the finest congressional interns that In­ the productivity, technology, and capacity of diana has ever produced. Mindy D. Wetzel, of Wednesday, July 31, 1991 American firms on the global market, creating Bristol, and Mark J. Meissner, of Wakarusa, Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota. Mr. Speak­ more jobs at home. have spent the summer in my Washington, of­ er, I rise today to commend the successful ef­ Also included in the bill is an enterprise fice working as members of my professional forts of the South Dakota Corn Growers Asso­ zone proposal which would provide regulatory staff. These two young people have brought ciation in promoting the sale of gasoline blend­ relief and Federal tax incentives for employ­ intelligence, efficiency, and dedication to their ed with 10 percent ethanol, an alcohol made ment and investment in depressed urban and work here on Capitol Hill, and they performed from corn. rural areas, breathing new life into shattered their duties in our difficult environment with As reported recently in the Sioux Falls local economies. grace and dignity. Argus Leader, figures from the first 3 months July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20943 of this year indicate that 34 percent of the gas As we look at the many problems facing the TRIBUTE TO NATE SMITH sold at service stations in South Dakota con­ child support system, I urge my colleagues to tains ethanol. This is a significant increase view this legislation as a necessary reform. HON. JAM~ A. TRAf1CANT, JR. over the 13 percent ethanol sold during 1990. With over 2.1 million child support cases in OF OHIO South Dakota is even importing ethanol backlog, we cannot afford to ignore this issue IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from other States, and plans for a new plant any longer. near Aberdeen are under way. "We've got Wednesday, July 31, 1991 such a huge demand for it, we've outstripped Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today our production," said Dan lseminger, the corn to pay tribute to a community leader that has growers' executive director. TRIBUTE TO 1991 NATIONAL AMER­ broken down the racial barriers of the craft More and more motorists in South Dakota ICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE and trade unions of Pittsburgh, PA. Nate have come to realize that using ethanol [ARRL] CONVENTION Smith has dedicated his life to creating equal means higher octane, is environmentally opportunity for African-Americans in labor cleaner, and helps conserve America's stead­ unions. Through confrontation and shrewd ne­ ily declining reserves of fossil fuels. HON. BOB TRAXLER gotiating, Mr. Smith has won Federal assist­ Of course, for those of us from the Farm OF MICHIGAN ance in helping to create appenticeship oppor­ Belt, using more ethanol is simply common tunities for both blacks and women. sense. It's produced from a renewable re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In March of 1968, during the zenith of racial source, and it offers an expanding market for tension, Nate Smith and other local black Wednesday, July 31, 1991 the harvests of America's heartland. workers demanded that they be employed by The South Dakota Corn Growers Associa­ Mr. TRAXLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to contractors working in the area. Mr. Smith won tion says our State now ranks first in ethanol inform the House of an exciting event to be the attention of local officials and by July, Op­ use. That's a tribute to both the corn growers held in Saginaw, Ml, on the weekend of Au­ eration Dig had begun. This nonprofit training and to the wisdom of South Dakota drivers. gust 25, 1991. At that time, over 5,000 people program helped black workers gain member­ It's also a trend that I'm confident will be grow­ representing each of the 50 States and sev­ ship in craft unions. The organization was un­ ing nationally in the months and years to eral foreign countries will gather to celebrate derwritten by the Federal Government's De­ come. the National Convention for Amateur Radio partment of Labor and enabled 67 blacks to join all-white or mostly white unions. Operators. These "ham" broadcasters have In the nearly 22 years since its inception, for years served citizens throughout the world CHILD SUPPORT ENFORCEMENT Nate Smith's Operation Dig/Careers, Inc. has LEGISLATION by transmitting public service announcements not only lowered the racial barriers of unions through an extensive communication network. in the Pittsburgh area, but has proven to be a Their outstanding efforts certainly do not go significant influence on other cities and their HON. OLYMPIA J. SNOWE unnoticed or unappreciated. OF MAINE programs. Mr. Smith's influence on others is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The role of radios in saving lives can be marked and inspires people to confront dis­ traced back to March 3, 1899, when an exper­ crimination through hard work and a sincere Wednesday, July 31, 1991 imental broadcaster named Marconi called for effort. Ms. SNOWE. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ help after observing a shipping accident off The road to equality was not without its dan­ ducing legislation to close an important loop­ the coast of England. Fourteen years later, the gers, however. Because of his demonstrations hole in the child support enforcement statute. first ham radio communication network was and his method of direct confrontation, Smith This legislation, similar to legislation that I in­ established to assist government officials dur­ has placed himself and his family on the line. troduced in the 1OOth Congress, penalizes ing disasters, and a formal network was estab­ The result has been threats on his life and his employers who don't abide by the provision in lished by students at the University of Michi­ family, all of which have only strengthened his the Child Support Enforcement Amendments gan and Ohio State University for transmitting resolve to conquer discrimination. of 1984, requiring the withholding of child sup­ public service announcements. It is estimated that Operation Dig has port enforcement payments from wages of helped place thousands of women and minori­ employees who are absent parents. In 1935, Michigan amateur operators devel­ ties in trade unions. Operation Dig has scored Under regulations set by the Department of oped "Q" signals that are still utilized to in­ a placement rate of 84 percent, well above the Health and Human Services, an employer who crease the efficiency of information transfer 64-percent rate required by the Department of withholds child support payments from an em­ during net operations. In 1989, Michigan be­ Labor. The organization's success is largely ployee's wages has 1O days to turn that pay­ came the first State to unify leadership posi­ at ributable to the energy and commitment of ment oyer to the appropriate State agency for tions of the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Nate Smith. I again want to commend Nate distribution. The problem is that there is not a Service [RACES] and the Amateur Radio Smith and Operation Dig for their pioneering penalty for an employer who waits longer than Emergency Service [ARES]. Indeed, Michigan work to end discrimination and their continued 1O days to turn over the support payment. citizens have played a pivotal role in the de­ success. Current law does give the State the power velopment of amateur radio operations. to take such an employer to court. However, During this year's convention, special tribute if this is done, the employer can come to court will be paid to those amateur radio operators INTRODUCTION OF THE NATIONAL with the check for the overdue payments and who died while involved in a public service HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY AD­ the case is dropped. Meanwhile, what hap­ communication network. The memorial will cul­ MINISTRATION REAUTHORIZA­ pens to the family dependent on the support minate in the dedication of a monument to be TION OF 1991 payments? As the payments sit with the em­ erected at ARAL. Headquarters in Newington, ployer, where they can be earning interest for CT. The monument will hear the names of HON. GERRY SIKORSKI that employer, the custodial parent is usually those "ham" operators who sacrificed their OF MINNESOTA forced to turn to Federal welfare assistance. lives while working with various organizations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The continuation of court ordered child sup­ for the welfare of our communities. It is cer­ port payments to custodial parents is essential Wednesday, July 31, 1991 tainly fitting to recognize these dedicated indi­ to the well-being of their children. Many of Mr. SIKORSKI. Mr. Speaker, every single viduals. these parents count on weekly support pay­ day in America, as many Americans die on ments to provide for their children's basic Thus, it is with tremendous pleasure and our highways as U.S. military personnel died needs. For this reason, I am introducing legis­ pride that I salute amateur radio operators during the entire 45 days of Operation Desert lation to create a Federal penalty for employ­ throughout the world and welcome to Saginaw Storm. More than 120 Americans die daily, ers who do not send wages withheld for child all those participating in the 1991 ARRL con­ nearly 45,000 people per year. Nearly 4.8 mil­ support to the appropriate agency within 1O vention. I encourage all citizens to join me in lion Americans are injured and 500,000 Ameri­ days. commemorating this important event. cans are hospitalized each year in automobile 20944 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 crashes. Today, motor vehicle crashes are the Second, in an effort to promote pedestrian companies doing business in Israel in ex­ leading cause of death of Americans under safety, the bill would require NHTSA to com­ change for a freeze on settlements, the Israel the age of 44. Many of these deaths and inju­ plete a rulemaking within 2 years on reducing Government says there is no linkage. But de­ ries involve small children and infants, and a pedestrian injuries resulting from vehicle de­ spite Israel's official hard-line position and re­ large number of these tragedies could have sign. Between 7,000 and 9,000 Americans are petitive "no" linkage rhetoric, there is growing been prevented by the auto companies. killed annually in pedestrian crashes. NHTSA support among the Israeli people for a land­ Read the morning paper or watch the tele­ research indicates that modification in vehicle for-peace solution. A recent Jerusalem Post vision news-especially after a holiday week­ design will substantially save pedestrian lives. poll indicated that 60 percent of the Israelis end. People are dying on America's highways Third, in order to promote the welfare of our favor trading land for space with the Palestin­ in record numbers and a lot of those deaths traveling children, this bill requires NHTSA to ians, and according to Peace Now, more than are preventable. All of us have worried about complete a rulemaking, within stated time lim­ 50 percent of Israelis are opposed to contin­ the safe arrival of our family members on a its, to increase the safety . of child booster ued Israeli settlement in the occupied terri­ holiday weekend, and for good reason. seats, platforms that enable toddlers and older tories. These are significant figures, and could Safety standards currently applicable to ve­ small children to use a seat belt. There have signal yet another window of opportunity in the hicle manufacturing compromise the lives and been suggestions that these seats, depending region. limbs of drivers and passengers alike. For too on their design, can be easily misused or are The world could be on the brink of finally long, the advocates of highway and auto safe­ otherwise harmful. Moreover, this provision having peace in the Middle East. I urge you, ty have been ignored. We in the House of would establish a grant program to encourage my fellow colleagues, to support President Representatives have been conspicuously si­ the States to reach an increasing level of seat­ Bush and his administration, as well as all the lent on this tremendously important issue. It is belt usage, and develop educational programs countries who are willing to make an effort for time for action. to promote the correct use of child restraints. regional peace. Without your support this con­ Reauthorization of the National Highway Funding would be authorized for a total of $50 flict will remain as hostile as ever and eventu­ Traffic Safety Administration will help save million over a 3-year period. In short, this leg­ ally could lead to yet another war over land in lives, protect consumers and benefit all those islation will promote safety for America's trav­ the Middle East. that drive and ride on our Nation's highways eling children. I know my colleagues have received letters and byways. I urge my House colleagues to Finally, in an effort to promote general safe­ from others among us who keep casting criti­ join me in vigorous support of this legislation. ty in vehicle manufacturing, provisions of this cism and suspicion upon Syria's motives and Our colleagues in the Senate have passed bill allow for testing the endurance levels of past history. I do not defend the past, nor do this measure time and time again, only to be bumpers, mandatory installation of airbags on I prejudge the future. This is exactly why for frustrated by House inaction. Another session a staged basis, and a rulemaking by NHTSA 43 years no discussion for peace but only eye of congressional indifference would be wrong. to consider the effect on highway safety and for an eye fighting has occurred. Let us all It would be a crime. the safety of law enforcement personnel of the recognize reality, and recognize simple human It will not be easy. Increases in motor vehi­ use of dark-tinted window glass in vehicles. aspiration for justice, rights, and a place to call cle travel, changes in the profile of the travel­ Consideration of these three safety pre­ home. Let us in Congress of all places, apply ing public-older drivers and pedestrians, larg­ cautions could make a significant difference in these basic freedoms across the board, er trucks, smaller cars, and a decaying high­ the rate of accidents resulting in fatalities. around the world, and without exceptions. way infrastructure will likely contribute to an in­ We have an opportunity to improve the crease in deaths and fatalities on our high­ safety of America's driving public by the estab­ FAIRNESS IN ARBITRATION ACT ways. The public desire for meaningful auto lishment of national vehicle safety standards. OF 1991 safety reform has manifested itself in 38 We simply cannot let the opportunity pass us States and the District of Columbia having by again. some form of mandatory seatbelt law and a The price of delay and indifference is too HON. JOHN BRYANT OF TEXAS general acknowledgement by vehicle manu­ high. facturers that airbags save lives. It is essential IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that the U.S. Congress joins this effort and Wednesday, July 31, 1991 recognizes the need for new and innovative SUPPORT MIDDLE EAST PEACE Mr. BRYANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to solutions to this crisis. PROCESS introduce a bill, with a number of my col­ The provisions of the National Highway leagues, which would insure that arbitration is Traffic Safety Administration Authorization Act HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II not forced on small business persons in fran­ of 1991 are simple, important, life saving. This OF WEST VIRGINIA chise agreements. This legislation is nec­ legislation establishes funding levels for safety IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES essary since mandatory binding arbitration related research in vehicle manufacturing for clauses are being included in nonnegotiated Wednesday, July 31, 1991 the next 3 fiscal years, provides specific sales and service contracts as a condition for standards for manufacture and design of our Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, Secretary of doing business. These clauses provide that vehicles, requires the Department of Transpor­ State Baker is set for yet another trip to the established State procedures and forums can­ tation to investigate and enforce compliance of Middle East in an effort to gain acceptance for not be used in disputes between parties to a the act's provisions, and strengthens incen­ the administration's proposed peace plan. I contract and that binding arbitration shall be tives to avoid drunk driving. Each of these pro­ would like to extend my support to the Bush the sole remedy in these cases. visions promise to make a world of difference administration for their success in organizing For example, the sales and service contract in the lives of our driving constituents. the regional peace conference, which hope­ an automobile manufacturer offers to new and There are several specific provisions of this fully, will take place this fall. Their constant ef­ existing dealers is not a negotiated contract. act which are particularly important and merit forts are proof of America's commitment and The manufacturer presents the contract to the detailed emphasis. First, in order to minimize dedication to solving the conflict in the Middle dealer, and he can "take it or leave it." If the head injuries resulting from automobile acci­ East and ability to do what is right. I would contract includes a binding arbitration clause, dents, the bill requires that the National High­ also like to thank Syria for its recent accept­ a dealer must accept the clause and thereby way Traffic Safety Administration [NHTSA] ance of the regional peace conference, as well waive his statutory rights and procedures if he conduct a rulemaking on reducing head inju­ as Lebanon, Jordan, and other Arab countries. wants to remain a dealer. ries from side impact. Furthermore, the bill Only by objective diplomacy on the part of the Over the years, virtually all States have en­ would require a rulemaking on methods of re­ United States can real peace be achieved. acted into law certain safeguards and proce­ ducing head injuries from contact with the The time has come for the countries of the dures to help level the playing field and pro­ car's interior. According to the National Head Middle East to make a serious effort at a com­ vide certain basic rights to franchisees and Injury Foundation, each year between 400,000 prehensive resolution to the conflict. While the family businesses-such as automobile deal­ and 500,000 Americans suffer head injuries in Arab countries favor the land-for-peace solu­ erships. automobile crashes, and over 50,000 of these tion, the Israeli Government does not. While These State laws are necessary because of head injury victims are permanently disabled. the Arab countries would end their boycott of the many abuses that have arisen as a result July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20945 of the enormous disparity in bargaining power there a feasible alternative route for the train dinner tables throughout the country, more and economic position between automobile that derailed into the Sacramento River? Are and more American families sit down to dis­ dealers and manufacturers. By requiring a there other dangerous routes, near population cuss what they can do to improve the environ­ dealer to submit to arbitration, a manufacturer centers or vital ecological areas, that should ment. It is clearly evident that Americans have can skirt these State laws, remedies, and pro­ be avoided? My bill directs the Department of grown increasingly enlightened to our natural cedures. Transportation to identify the most dangerous heritage. Through local cleanups, recycling The proposal I offer would restore fun­ routes and propose feasible alternatives. programs, conservation actions, car pooling, damental fairness to the arbitration process by Finally, my bill requires a study of double­ and many other ways, Americans are dem­ adding a protection which guarantees that an walled rail tank cars. Last year, Congress onstrating a solid commitment to the environ­ agreement to arbitrate under a sales and serv­ voted to require double hulls on oil tankers. ment. ice contract is voluntary. This bill would amend The principle is the same for railway cars: If It is time to follow the lead of the people. By the Federal Arbitration Act in the least obtru­ the outside wall of car is punctured, the inner creating a Department of the Environment, we sive manner to provide that the important deci­ wall could still retain the hazardous material will take that extra step to place environmental sion of waiving established rights and proce­ being carried. On the basis of this study, the concerns at the forefront of our public policy dures is made freely, without any coercion. Department of Transportation is authorized to debate. I urge my colleagues to support this This will be achieved by assuring that both require double-walled cars for appropriate haz­ bipartisan, thoughtful approach to raise the parties to a sales and service contract may ardous materials transport. Nation's environmental adviser to the highest voluntarily make a decision to arbitrate after a Mr. Speaker, this legislation would improve level-at the President's side. controversy arises. the safety of commercial rail transportation in This legislation does not discourage the use America. While it does not solve every prob­ of binding arbitration, but will prevent a strong­ lem exposed by the Sacramento River spill, it INVITATIONS TO A MIDDLE EAST er party from imposing arbitration on a weaker seeks to address three of the biggest ones. I PEACE CONFERENCE party. This is consistent with the legislative commend the bill to my colleagues, and hope history of the Federal Arbitration Act as Con­ for its favorable consideration by the House. HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER gress did not intend the act to be applicable OF NEW YORK to "take it or leave it" arrangements such as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those between a manufacturer and a dealer. DEPARTMENT OF THE However, once both parties voluntarily agree ENVIRONMENT ACT Wednesday, July 31, 1991 to arbitration, the agreement is binding and Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, as the meet­ enforceable. HON. SHERWOOD L. BOEHLERT ings began at the United States-Soviet summit I urge my colleagues to join me in support OF NEW YORK in Moscow, I was troubled by reports that the of this measure which protects the fairness of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Soviet Union is eager to issue invitations to the arbitration system. Wednesday, July 31, 1991 the proposed Middle East peace conference Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, today I have before Israel formally agrees to attend. introduced legislation to elevate the Environ­ On Monday Secretary of State Baker de­ NO MORE SACRAMENTO RIVER ferred his Soviet counterpart's suggestion that SPILLS mental Protection Agency to a Cabinet-level Department of the Environment. In light of the such invitations be issued during the summit, HON. TOM CAMPBELL impressive planning that went into the drafting saying he is reluctant to do so. But he failed of this measure, evidenced by the support it to rule the option out. In fact, in the last couple OF CALIFORNIA of weeks, he and National Security Adviser IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES has already received, combined with the wor­ thy goal it achieves, I am confident the bill will Scowcroft have insisted such an act remains Wednesday, July 31, 1991 be successful. an option, fueling speculation that such a Mr. CAMPBELL of California. Mr. Speaker, It is clear that the EPA must be given a seat move may take place. I rise today to introduce legislation to improve at the President's Cabinet table. This must be That our administration would float this pos­ the safety of transporting hazardous materials done to strengthen the U.S. hand in inter­ sibility troubles me, Mr. Speaker, because it by railroad. Two weeks ago, a tragic railway national environmental negotiations, and to unfairly supports the perception that Israel is accident spilled 19,500 gallons of metam so­ raise domestic concerns of the environment to to blame for there not being a peace con­ dium into the Sacramento River. This accident the highest levels. ference yet. exposed a number of weaknesses in the cur­ The product of months of negotiations with Is this fair? Is it wrong for Israel to hesitate rent regulatory system for rail transport of environmental groups and others, this meas­ before agreeing to attend a peace conference, these dangerous chemicals. I have incor­ ure should receive Presidential support, and w .1ich its longstanding enemies suddenly de­ porated some of the lessons from the Sac­ already enjoys wide bipartisan backing in the s1 re following the exchange of secret letters ramento River spill into the bill I am introduc­ House of Representatives. between President Bush and President Assad ing today. There is support on both sides of the aisle of Syria, letters which Israel has not yet seen? One of the most disturbing aspects of the in Congress, a necessary ingredient to send Isn't it strange that these Arab States, which accident was that metam sodium is not regu­ this bill to the President for his signature. Par­ have refused to sit down with Israel for the lated as a hazardous material. The rationale tisan politics had no place in the drafting of past 43 years, have changed their minds all of given to me for this was that metam sodium, this measure. This is for those people who a sudden? a weed killer, does not pose a serious hazard want a Department of Environment, not an Rather than being criticized for hesitating, until mixed with water. But of course when issue for a campaign commercial. Israel should be commended for signaling its spilled. into a river, large amounts of metam This bill has been drafted in an effort to gain agreement in principle to attend the con­ sodium causes ecological devastation. the support of the environmental community. ference, as Israeli Defense Minister Arens I believe that the regulation of hazardous The measure guarantees that protection of the made clear on Sunday. This is an incredibly materials should include consideration of environment will be considered in the develop­ courageous move, considering the fact that these secondary risks. Thus, my bill requires ment of future Federal policies. the Arabs continue to irresponsibly dodge di­ an assessment of the risks posed by such fac­ The true indication of the success of this rect questions as to whether they will engage tors as vibration, puncture, volatility, and expo­ legislation was the sincere advice and encour­ in direct negotiations with Israel. · sure to air, soil, and water. This will force the agement offered by the administration, particu­ I ask, Mr. Speaker, is it intransigent of Israel regulatory scheme to acknowledge the true larly by Administrator Bill Reilly, during the to seek further assurances from the United hazards of chemicals like metam sodium and drafting of the bill. As President George Bush States, the only country at the proposed talks regulate them accordingly. The National has said, "The environmental challenges that that has diplomatic relations with Israel? Transportation Safety Board has stated the face America are so important they must be No. need for such regulation. addressed at the highest level of government." Let's not forget that the other sponsor of the The second aspect of my bill addresses the At the President's Cabinet table, no seat is conference, the Soviet Union-despite recent overall safety of specific railway routes. Was presently afforded the environment. Yet, at hints and indications to the contrary-still has 20946 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 not renewed its relations with Israel after 24 TRIBUTE TO NAZIR AHMED true and faithful friend to those who struggled years. And the countries with whom Israel is CHAUDHRY to win collective bargaining. As one of the first expected to sit down at such a conference who courageously walked picket lines for rail­ have never even recognized Israel's right to HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELLI road and auto workers, Monsignor Flanagan exist. OF NEW JERSEY set the precedent for St. John Vianney's tire­ Clearly, Mr. Speaker, the invitations to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES less devotion to social justice. Following in the tradition of service estab­ conference should not be sent before all po­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 tential participants have agreed to attend. lished by Father Flanagan, Msgr. Henry M. Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like Mayotte guided St. John Vianney Parish The window of opportunity that everyone is to extend recognition to Mr. Nazir Ahmad through two decades of tremendous growth. so nervous may close will stay open as long Chaudhry. Mr. Chaudhry risked his life in Under his stead, the church responded to the as the States of the region remain serious order to save 16 U.S. personnel and other needs of the burgeoning Catholic community about peace. Something's terribly wrong if we staff members at the U.S. Embassy in with the construction of the 16-room school, all think that they will be serious for only a Islamabad on November 21, 1979. the convent, the high school, and the beautiful very short time. This exceptional act of bravery was recog­ church that now stands on the grounds today. nized and commended by former Pakistani In addition to his outstanding response to the President General M. Zia-ul-Haq 1 month after needs of his parish, Father Mayotte played a LET MOSCOW PROPOSE BALTIC the incident; it is time for Congress 12 years critical role in the important struggle to enact PARTICIPATION IN CSCE PROCESS later to do the same. Therefore, it is with great the historic open housing ordinance in Flint, honor that I pay tribute to Mr. Nazir Ahmad the first of its kind in the nation. Chaudhry. Msgr. Walter E. Mehm succeeded Father HON. STENY H. HOYER The burning of the United States Embassy Mayotte in 1969 and continued St. John in Islamabad, Pakistan occurred after an un­ Viannye's commitment to charity through his OF MARYLAND controllable mob stormed the Embassy initiatives and programs for the welfare of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grounds on November 21, 1979. Mr. parishioners. During his tenure, he completed Chaudhry, acting deputy commissioner at the the remodeling and renovation of the parish Wednesday, July 31, 1991 time, impressively responded to the crisis. He hall where parish gatherings are held each Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, for the past 2 coordinated a daring rescue operation to free week. Today, St. John Vianney Parish is led weeks Senator DENNIS DECONCINI, who serves the trapped staff members. Acting on pure by Father Douglas Osborn who has success­ as Cochairman of the Commission on Security faith and bravery, he risked his own life and fully promoted renewed growth for the parish and Cooperation in Europe, and I have spo­ sustained rendered injuries to save the per­ since he began his service as pastor in 1985. ken about issues of concern to the Helsinki sonnel. Mr. Speaker, without a doubt, our commu­ Commission for the upcoming Moscow CSCE A few years after the storming of the Em­ nity is a much better place in which to live be­ bassy, the Pakistani Government promoted meeting on the Human Dimension. cause of the 50 years of service, love, and Mr. Nazir Ahmad Chaudhry to the position of spiritual support from St. John Vianney Parish. In that connection, I would like to focus Commissioner of the Sargodha Division in I urge my House colleagues to join me in con­ today on an issue about which I have spoken Sargodha, Pakistan in the province of Punjab. gratulating the people of St. John Vianney out previously: the participation in the CSCE His current position requires him to manage Parish for a wonderful, fulfilling 50 years, and process of the Baltic States of Latvia, Lithua­ four districts in Pakistan. in wishing them even greater success in the nia, and Estonia. Mr. Nazir Ahmad Chaudhry deserves rec­ years ahead. The Baltic States have been seeking ob­ ognition as a true hero whose selfless action server status within the Conference on Secu­ in the face of grave danger should be an in­ rity and Cooperation in Europe since the Co­ spiration to us all. SENIOR CITIZENS PROGRAM penhagen CDH meeting in June 1990. But the UNHEARD OF BY MANY Soviet Government has up to now made crys­ tal clear its implacable opposition to observer KILDEE SALUTES 50 YEARS OF HON. FRANK McCLOSKEY status for the Baltic States. In fact, rubbing WORSHIP AT ST. JOHN VIANNEY OF INDIANA salt in the wound, at the recent Berlin Foreign PARISH IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ministers meeting in June of this year, the So­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 viet Government brought along as members of HON. DALE E. KILDEE its delegation representatives of the three Bal­ OF MICHIGAN Mr. MCCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, in my home tic, Moscow-platform Communist Parties and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State of Indiana, an estimated four out of five low-income senior citizens and disabled per­ National Salvation committees which clearly Wednesday, July 31, 1991 did not represent the Baltic peoples. sons are not receiving the medical benefits to Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to which they are entitled under the Qualified Mr. Speaker, during his opening address to urge my colleagues in the House of Rep­ Beneficiary Program [QMB] because almost the Vienna Follow-up Meeting in November resentatives to join me in commemorating the no one in Indiana has ever even heard that 1986, then Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard 50th anniversary of the St. John Vianney Par­ this program exists. This injustice cannot and Shevardnadze stunned the delegates of the ish serving my hometown of Flint, Ml. The pa­ will not be allowed to continue. I have recently 35 CSCE participating states by proposing a rishioners will celebrate the golden anniverary introduced a bill to ensure that retiring seniors human rights meeting in Moscow. The Soviet of their church this Sunday, August 4, 1991. receive the benefits which Congress has in­ human rights situation has changed dramati­ Since its establishment in 1941, the St. tended for them. cally since that time, and on September 1O John Vianney Parish has been a bedrock of Until quite recently, in one senior citizen that meeting will become a reality. faith for its members as well as for the city of forum after another, no one had · heard of the Today, I urge the Soviet leadership to con­ Flint for the last 50 years. The priests and pa­ QMB Program. However, without OMB bene­ sider an equally astonishing proposal at the rishioners of St. John Vianney Parish have fits, many senior citizens, and disabled per­ opening of the Moscow human rights meeting: given of their time, talent, and love to make sons simply cannot afford a stay in the hos­ Let the support initiative for Baltic participation St. John Vianney a tremendous resource of pital. Medicare does not provide blanket health in the CSCE come from Moscow, with a for­ spiritual and educational support for the Flint care coverage. It includes an annual premium mal proposal by Soviet officials that observer community. of $358.80 a year, an annual deductible of status be granted to the Baltic States. In the Over the last 50 years, St. John Vianney $100 per year, a hospital deductible of $628 aftermath of the Bush-Gorbachev summit and Parish has been a pillar of social conscience per hospitalization, and a 20-percent U.S. assistance in fostering the U.S.S.R.'s to promote justice and equality for all the copayment. When all this is added up, one transition to a market economy, the time has workers and citizens of Flint. Msgr. William J. hospitalization a year could total up to $1,080. come for Moscow to astound us once again. Flanagan, the parish's founding pastor, was a For those low-income senior citizens and dis- July 31, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20947 abled people who earn less than $6,000 a When asked why he risked his own life for kee than my own district, but seems like a year, this is more than one-sixth of their an­ a stranger, Dan DeMarco said simply, "I would reasonable change in our child labor laws. I nual income. want someone to do the same for my wife." urge my colleagues to join me in cosponsoring To take care of these citizens, Congress Mr. Speaker, Dan DeMarco burned his right this bill so that we can allow these children to mandated the QMB Program as part of the arm while pulling Ms. Harold from the fire. Mi­ have the opportunity to work the sidelines at Medicare Catastrophic Health Care Act of raculously, both people were treated and re­ high school football games. 1988. Under this program, those senior citi­ leased from Tampa General Hospital later that SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS zens and disabled persons who are at or same day. under the poverty line, are not responsible for Because of Dan DeMarco's heroism, Diane Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, the substantial out-of-pocket payments associ­ Harold's 4-year-old son can enjoy the love of agreed to by the Senate on February 4, ated with Medicare. his mother and Ron Harold, the companion­ 1977, calls for establishment of a sys­ Unfortunately, the program is failing to pro­ ship of his wife. Tragedy was frustrated be­ tem for a computerized schedule of all vide for millions of citizens because it is being cause one individual acted out of selflessness, meetings and hearings of Senate com­ kept a virtual secret. The rationale seems to recognizing that though people are often mittees, subcommittees, joint commit­ be that if an impoverished person does not strangers, we are all part of the human com­ tees, and committees of conference. know about certain benefits, there is no way to munity. This title requires all such committees apply for them. Hiding federally mandated Dan DeMarco's words should be a lesson to to notify the Office of the Senate Daily funds from the citizens least able to take care us all. If we do not get involved, if we just Digest-designated by the Rules Com­ of themselves, is not only immoral, but comes drive by when we can make a difference, how mittee-of the time, place, and purpose dangerously close to being illegal. The QMB can we expect others not to do the same. of the meetings, when scheduled, and Program was enacted to help those in need, Most of us will probably never have the oppor­ any cancellations or changes in the not to collect dust while sitting on the shelf un­ tunity to rescue someone from a burning vehi­ meetings as they occur. cle, but rarely a day goes by when we cannot As an additional procedure along noticed. with the computerization of this infor­ I have introduced legislation, H.R. 2855, that improve life around us by volunteering and mation, the Office of the Senate Daily would make QMB a working program. H.R. through simple acts of kindness. Dan DeMarco has been recommended for a Digest will prepare this information for 2855 is simple and cost effective. Currently, printing in the Extensions of Remarks when senior citizens register for Medicare, commendation for his bravery. He is greatly section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD they are automatically screened by the Social deserving of that honor. Even more, he serves on Monday and Wednesday of each Security Administration for the Supplemental as a reminder that there is still goodness in week. Security Income [SSI] Program. There is no our world and that good people do make a tre­ Meetings scheduled for Thursday, reason why they could not be screened for the mendous difference. August 1, 1991, may be found in the QMB Program at the same time. It would en­ Just ask Diane Carol Harold. Daily Digest of today's RECORD. tail very little extra time or money. I challenge Congress to address this prob­ MEETINGS SCHEDULED lem in a comprehensive and timely manner. If CHILD LABOR LAWS IN NEED OF the present state of affairs is allowed to con­ CHANGE AUGUST2 tinue, millions of senior citizens and disabled 9:30 a.m. people will continue to suffer. HON. THOMAS E. PETRI Special on Aging To hold hearings to examine issues relat­ OF WISCONSIN ing to aging women remaining in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HONORING THE HEROISM OF DAN work force and aging women re-enter­ Wednesday, July 31, 1991 ing the job market. DEMARCO SR-385 Mr. PETRI. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ Joint Economic HON. MICHAEL BILIRAKIS ducing a bill which conforms the Federal child To hold hearings on the employment-un­ OF FLORIDA labor law to one of Wisconsin's child labor employment situation for July. laws. My bill would allow, as does Wisconsin's SD--628 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES law, children 12 years and older to act as 10:00 a.m. Wednesday, July 31, 1991 sideline officials for high school football Finance International Trade Subcommittee Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I want to bring games. It would also permit children 11 and To hold hearings to review ongoing trade to the attention of my colleagues a remarkable older to be employed as ball monitors at these negotiations and recently completed and uplifting story of bravery which recently games. Although the State of Wisconsin en­ trade agreements, focusing on the took place in Tampa, FL. According to the acted such a law, it cannot be implemented Structural Impediments Initiative Tampa Tribune newspaper, Diane Carol Har­ because it contradicts the Fair Labor Stand­ (SII), the Semiconductor and Construc­ old, driving an Orlando specialty produce truck ards Act, under which children under the age tion Agreements with Japan, and the from Orlando to Tampa along Interstate 4, of 14, with some exceptions such as news­ Multilateral Talks on Shipbuilding Subsidies. passed over the 50th Street overpass at about paper carriers, cannot be employed. SD--215 10:50 a.m. on Tuesday, July 23. The cargo re­ Many of the young boys who desire to be Governmental Affairs portedly made the truck unsteady, causing it sideline officials and ball monitors play football To hold hearings to examine the impact to veer into the left curb. Its wheels rode up in junior high school programs. I have been of trucking company takeovers on em­ the curb, flipping the truck onto its right side. told by a number of these children that work­ ployees and the trucking industry. After sliding about 150 feet, the truck burst ing the sidelines during a high school football SD-342 into flames, trapping Ms. Harold inside. game would enable them to learn first hand Rules and Administration Business meeting, to mark up S. Res. 82, If it was not for Dan DeMarco of Safety Har­ the rules and regulations which govern the to establish a Senate Select Committee bor, Ms. Harold would have surely perished in game of football. While working on the side­ on POW/MIA Affairs. the fire. lines, these children would have older role SR-301 DeMarco, who was driving home on Inter­ models on the football field to whom they 10:30 a.m. state 4 after working 28 straight hours repair­ could look for football inspiration. In addition, Select on Indian Affairs ing air conditioners and cooking units, saw adult supervision and guidance is provided by Business meeting, to mark up S. 1530, to Ms. Harold's truck flip in front of him. the field officials. authorize the integration of employ­ Dan DeMarco did not have to put his life in My bill simply amends the Fair Labor Stand­ ment, training and related services peril to save Ms. Harold. He could have wait­ ards Act to allow children age 12 and older to provided by Indian tribes to improve the effectiveness of those services, re­ ed for emergency units to arrive. But Dan be employed as sideline officials and children duce unemployment in Indian commu­ DeMarco knew Ms. Harold did not have the 11 and older to be employed as ball monitors nities, and adhere to the policy of In­ luxury of time. Instead of standing by, he at high school football games. It appears that dian self-determination. acted immediately. this is more of a problem in the city of Milwau- SR-485 20948 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 31, 1991 SEPTEMBER 10 SEPTEMBER 19 OCTOBERS 10:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. Judiciary Energy and Natural Resources Governmental Affairs To hold hearings on the nomination of To hold oversight hearings on the reset­ Oversight of Government Management Clarence Thomas, of Georgia, to be an tlement of Rongelap, Marshall Islands. Subcommittee Associate Justice of the Supreme Court SD-366 To hold hearings to examine whether the of the United States. 2:00 p.m. Federal government is making envi­ SR--325 Energy and Natural Resources ronmentally conscious decisions in its Water and Power Subcommittee purchasing practices. SEPTEMBER 12 To hold hearings on S. 1228, to provide SD-342 2:00 p.m. for a comprehensive review by the Sec­ Energy and Natural Resources retary of the Interior of western water POSTPONEMENTS Water and Power Subcommittee resource problems and programs ad­ To hold hearings on H.R. 429, to author­ ministered by the Geological Survey, AUGUST 1 ize additional appropriations for the the Bureau of Reclamation, and other operations of the Department of the In­ 10:00 a.m. construction of the Buffalo Bill Dam Appropriations terior. and Reservoir, Shoshone Project, Pick­ Transportation Subcommittee Sloan Missouri Basin Program, Wyo­ SD-366 Business meeting, to mark up H.R. 2942, ming, and S. 1501, to revise the Rec­ making appropriations for fiscal year lamation Reform Act of 1982 to ensure SEPTEMBER 24 1992 for the Department of Transpor­ the integrity of the reclamation pro­ 9:00 a.m. tation. gram, stop circumvention of the law, Veterans' Affairs SD-116 break the deadlock over reclamation To hold joint hearings with the House 2:00 p.m. reform, and provide for the continu­ Committee on Veterans' Affairs to re­ Appropriations ance of traditional and legitimate view the legislative recommendations Business meeting, to mark up H.R. 2942, farms and farming practices in the of the American Legion. making appropriations for fiscal year West. 334 Cannon Building 1992 for the Department of Transpor­ SD-366 tation. S-128, Capitol