Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project: Package 1A

Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 42486-016 February 2016

IND: Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Program – Water Supply Improvement in Boda, Kurawar and Kothari

Package No: MPUSIP-1A

Prepared by Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company, Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Draft Initial Environmental Examination

February 2016

IND: Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Program –Kothari, Kurawar and Boda Water Supply Subproject

Prepared by Project Management Unit, Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company, Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 Feb, 2016)

Currency unit – Conversion INR1.00 = $.0.015 $1.00 = INR 66.00

Abbreviations

AC – Asbestos Cement ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI – Archeological Survey of India ASO – Assistant Safeguards Officer CFE – Consent for Establishment CFO – Consent for Operation CPCB Central Pollution Control Board EA – Executing Agency EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EC – Environmental Clearance EHS – Environmental Health & Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan; ESR – Elevated Service Reservoir GOI – Government of India GOMP – Government of Madhya Pradesh IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination; KNP - Kothri Nagar Panchayat NP – Nagar Parishad LPCD – Liters per Capita per Day MFF – Multi trench financing facility MLD – Million Liters per Day MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forest MPPCB – Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board MPUDC – Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company MPUSIP – Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Program NOC – No Objection Certificate OHT – Over Head Tank PE – Polyethylene PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – Project Implementation Unit; PMC – Project Management Consultant PMU – Project Management Unit PO – Project Officer PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PWD – Public Works Department REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist RoW – Right of Way SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 ToR – Term of Reference

UDED – Urban Development & Environment Department ULB – Urban Local Body WHO – World Health Organization WRD – Water Resource Department WSS – Water Supply Scheme WTP – Water Treatment Plant

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

οC Degree Celsius km Kilometre lpcd litres per capita per day mm milli meter m metre MLD million litres per day mm millimetre Nos Numbers sq.km Square Kilometer MCM Million cubic meter

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. INTRODUCTION ...... 6 A. Background ...... 6 B. Purpose of this IEE Report ...... 7 C. Report Structure ...... 9 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 10 A. Project Area ...... 10 B. Existing Water Supply Situation of towns ...... 10 C. Proposed Project ...... 11 IV. POLICY, LEGAL& ADMINISTRATIVEFRAMEWORK ...... 208 A. ADB Policy ...... 288 B. National Environmental Laws ...... 288 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 32 A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study ...... 32 B. Baseline Environmental Profile ...... 32 F. Subproject Site Environmental Features ...... 39 VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 53 A. Introduction ...... 53 B. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design & Location ...... 53 C. Construction Impacts ...... 64 D. Operation and Maintenance Impacts ...... 70 VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 72 A. Overview ...... 72 B. Public Consultation ...... 72 C. Information Disclosure ...... 73 VIII.GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 74 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 74 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 76 A. Environmental Management Plan ...... 76 B. Implementation Arrangements ...... 98 C. Training Needs ...... 100 D. Monitoring and Reporting ...... 101 E. EMP Implementation Cost ...... 101 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...... 104

List of Tables

Table 1: Proposed Kothari Water Supply Subproject Components ...... 12 Table 2: Applicable Environmental Regulations ...... 29 Table 3: WHO Ambient Air& Noise Quality Guidelines………………………………………… 31 Table 4: Baseline Environment Features of the subprojects Towns ...... 32 Table 5: Site Environmental Features Kothari ...... 46 Table 6: Site Environmental Features kurawar ...... 48 Table 7: Site Environmental Features Boda ...... 51 Table 8: Water quality of Kothari kurawar and Boda ...... 59 Table 9: Environment Component to be affected ...... 65 Table 10: Design Stage Environmental Management Plan ...... 77 Table11: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Pre-Construction81 Table12: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction ..... 84 Table13: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation ...... 95 Table14: Environmental Monitoring Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction ...... 96 Table15: Environmental Monitoring Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation ...... 97 Table16: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation ...... 100 Table17: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP ...... 102

List of Figures

Figure 1: location of subproject towns in madhya pradesh ...... 9 Figure 2: Schematic diagram of proposed water supply system Kothari ...... 167 Figure 3: Location of proposed Tube well points Kothari ...... 18 Figure 4: Praposed Tube well Designs Kothari Towns ...... 19 Figure 5: Flow Diagram of Kurawar Water Supply ...... 20 Figure 6: Layout plan of Kurawar WSS ...... 21 Figure 7: Schematic Flow Diagram of WTP ...... 22 Figure 8: Drawing of Floaring Phontoon for Kurawar WSS ...... 23 Figure 9: Flow Diagram of Boda WSS ...... 24 Figure10: Layout plan of Boda WSS ...... 25 Figure11: Flow Diagram of Boda WTP ...... 26 Figure12: Layout plan of Floating Phontoon Boda WSS ...... 27 Figure13: Project Area Environment Kothari Town ...... 43 Figure14: Project Area Environment Boda Town ...... 44 Figure15: Project Area Environment Kurawar Town ...... 45 Figure16:Graph showing ground water depth for rajgardh tehsil during various seasons .... 60 Figure17: Satellite View of Chain sagar dam ...... 62 Figure18: Policy Steps for the TMP ……………………………………………………………..145

List of Appendix

Appendix 1:Salient features of Dam for Kurawar & Boda………………………………………106 Appendix 2: Stakeholder Consultation Kothari…………………………………………………. 108 Appendix 3: Stakeholder Consultation Kurawar…………………………………………………112 Appendix 4: Stakeholder Consultation Boda…………………………………………………….114 Appendix 5: REA Check list for kothari…………………………………………………………...116 Appendix 6: Rapid Environment Assessment Checklist for kurawar…………………………..119 Appendix 7: Rapid Environment Assessment Checklist for Boda……………………………...123 Appendix 8: Location On Google Earth kurawar ……………………………………………..... 127 Appendix 9: Location of proposed WTP and existing 300kl OHT to be Reconditioning……. 128 Appendix 10: Location of proposed 900kl OHT …………………………………………………129 Appendix 11: Location of praposed New 250 kl OHT & Existing 110KL OHT………………..130 Appendix 12: Location on Google Earth Boda WSS Component……………………………. 131 Appendix 13: Location of WTP…………………………………………………………………… 132 Appendix 14: Water Analysis Report of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam for Kurawar Town……. 133 Appendix 15: Water Analysis Report of Boda…………………………………………………… 134 Appendix 16: Documents for permission of water abstraction from Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam for Boda town………………………………………………………………………………………… 135 Appendix 17: National Ambient Air Quality Standards…………………………………………..138 Appendix 18: National Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise………………… 138 Appendix 19: Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms…………………………………………………138 Appendix 20: Drinking Water Standards………………………………………………………… 139 Appendix 21: Salient Features of Major Labour Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works…………………………………………………………………………141 Appendix 22: Sample Outline Spoils (construction waste) Management Plan……………….143 Appendix 23: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan ……………………………………….151 Appendix 24: Quarterly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer………………….151 Appendix 25: Sample Environmental Site Inspection Report…………………………………..156 Appendix 26: Sample Grievance Registration Form………………………………………….. 158

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Government of Madhya Pradesh with loan funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB) has proposed to implement Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project (MPUSIP), herein after referred as „the Project‟.adhya M Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDC) shall be the Implementing Agency and the State Urban Development and Housing Department (UDHD) shall be the executing agency for the Project.

2. The Project components are as follows: (i) Component 1: Improvements to water supply and sewerage services in identified towns

 Continuous, pressurized, safe and sustainable drinking water through private household metered connections to 350,000 households with about 1.7million population resident in sixty-four towns in the State of Madhya Pradesh in Central India; and  Sewage and storm water collection and treatment services proposed initially in two (2) identified towns (Khajuraho and Rajnagar) servicing about 42,000 population resident in 8000 households;

(ii) Component 2: Institutional Strengthening

 Capacity Building of implementing agencies (IAs), participating Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and service utilities in contract management and service delivery for ensuring long term sustainability of services;  Setting up of geographic information system (GIS) based water and sanitation asset management and service delivery monitoring; and  Structured behavioral change campaigns to ensure the improvement in public health and cost recovery of service delivery.

(iii) Component 3: Project Management and Administration Support. This component will support the smooth and effective implementation and operation of the Project which includes expert support in Project design and implementation (design, procurement and Contract and Project Management, safeguards etc.), and project administration through Executing and Implementing Agencies.

3. The key outcome envisaged from the project is “effective urban water service delivery model rolled out in selective urban clusters of the State with the objective of achieving the following performance indicators by the year 2022 .

4. The Subproject. Subproject covers 3 towns- Kothari, Kurawar and Boda .Kothari is a small town in Sehore District of in the central part of the state and Boda, Kurawar towns are in Rajgarh district in Madhya Pradesh. Kothri has a population of10,256 (2011 census) and has a geographical area of 18 sq. km. Project area is situated at about 60 km southwest of state capital Bhopal. The area of Kurawar town is 8 Sq Kms and population as per 2011 census is 16319. The Boda town has an area of 21.82 Sq KM and population as per 2011 census is 9886. Improvement of water supply in towns is one of the subprojects proposed under the program. ADB requires consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for Environmental Assessment are described in ADB’s SPS (2009). This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) addresses the infrastructure components proposed under Kothari, Boda and

Kurawar water supply subproject. The objective of the proposed improvements in towns is to achieve safe and sustainable water services both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery and conservation of precious water resources. The project proposals envisage providing 100% coverage of population with continuous, pressurized and safe drinking water services and achieving progressively increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency.

(A) Kothari: The subproject include following (i) construction of 7 tube wells; (ii) chlorination plants for disinfection; (iii) 2over head tanks and 2 ground level reservoirs; (iv) 51km of feeder mains (v) bulk flow meters and (vi) house service connection including consumer meters.

(B) Kurawar: The Kurawar WSS include (i) proposal of Submersible Pumps to be installed on Floating Barge that will float on the water in Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam (ii) Water treatment plant of 4.7 MLD capacity; (iii) Construction of two new OHT of 900 KL and 250KL capacity ; using of existing 110 KL OHT and reconditioning of existing 300 KL OHT (iv) 21500 m of raw water rising mains and 2235 m clear water feeder mains (v) 38881 m of distribution lines proposed in Kurawar.

(C) Boda: The Boda WSS include (i) proposal of Submersible Pumps to be installed on Floating Barge that will float on the water in Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam (ii) Water treatment plant of 1.5 MLD capacity; (iii) Proposal for utilization of existing 500 KL OHT (iv) 12800 m of raw water rising mains and 200 m of clear water feeder mains (v) 9672 m of distribution lines proposed in Boda.

5. Screening and assessment of potential impacts. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB‟s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. The potential environmental impacts of the subproject have been assessed using ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Water Supply. Then potential negative impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure.

6. The subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts because: (i) the components will involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized; (ii) predicted impacts are site-specific and likely to be associated with the construction process and are produced because the process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and (iii) being located mainly in an existing built-up area, will not cause direct impact on terrestrial biodiversity values. Potential negative impacts mainly arise from disturbance of residents, businesses, increase in traffic, increase in noise level and dusts, and the need to dispose moderate quantities of waste soil during construction phase and generation of sludge from the WTP during operation and maintenance phase. However, there are well-developed methods for mitigation of these impacts to acceptable levels.

7. Categorization. Based on results of the assessment and ADB SPS, the subproject is classified as environmental Category B, i.e., the subproject is judged to be unlikely to have significant adverse environmental impacts. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an environmental impact assessment are likely.

8. This IEE aims to (i) provide critical facts, significant finding, and recommended actions; (ii) present the national and local legal and institutional framework within which the environmental assessment has been carried out; (iii) provide information on existing

geographic, ecological, social and temporal context including associated facilities within the subproject’s area of influence; (iv) assess the subproject’s likely positive and negative direct and indirect impacts to physical, biological, socioeconomic, and physical cultural resources in the subproject’s area of influence; (v) identify mitigation measures and any residual negative impacts that cannot be mitigated; (vi) describe the process undertaken during project design to engage stakeholders and the planned information disclosure measures and the process for carrying out consultation with affected people and facilitating their participation during project implementation; (vii) describe the subproject’s grievance redress mechanism for resolving complaints about environmental performance; (viii) present the set of mitigation measures to be undertaken to avoid, reduce, mitigate, or compensate for adverse environmental impacts; (ix) to describe the monitoring measures and reporting procedures to ensure early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures; and (x) identify indicative costs and who is responsible for carrying out the mitigation and monitoring measures.

9. Description of the Environment. All the subproject components are located in immediate surroundings of town Kothari, Boda and kurawar municipal area which were converted into urban and agricultural use for many years ago. For the town Kothari Majority (88%) of the municipal area is still under agricultural use, and lands are extensively cultivated in the study area. Tube well sites are located on the bank of Kothari stream that flows through the town. This is a seasonal stream and flows only during monsoon. Aquatic life is negligible. All the reservoirs are located on government owned barren land with no tree cover. Groundwater is extensively used for agriculture and domestic purpose. Current groundwater development, as per the CGWB, is at critical stage for kothari. The proposed intake structure for Kurawar as well as Boda is situated in Kunwar Chain Singh Dam. The project area – municipal area of Kurawar Nagar Parishad and Boda Nagar Parishad, comprises the habitat area of Kurawar and Boda town respectively. There is no ecological sensitive feature like forest in the project area. Flora and fauna found in the area is of local species. Aquatic life in the project areas is not notable. All the proposed structure like WTP and OHT will be constructed on Revenue land that is vacant and no any ecological and environmental feature is present on that site. Water source sustainability of Kunwar Chain Sagar dam for Kurawar and Boda town has been reviewed based on the available data. Permission of water resources department is a prerequisite for this project, and this needs to be obtained prior to invitation of bids for civil works. Water quality is appropriate for drinking water supply after treatment and disinfection. Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam has gross capacity 26.66 MCM, Live Storage is 20.81MCM as well as Dead Storage is 5.85 MCM and our requirement for 2048 is 2.841 MCM for both town (2.33 MCM for Kurawar and 0.511 MCM for Boda.

10. Environmental Management Plan. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. Locations and siting of the proposed infrastructures were considered to further reduce impacts. These include (i) locating facilities on government-owned land to avoid the need for land acquisition and relocation of people; and (ii) laying of pipes in RoW alongside main/access roads, to reduce acquisition of land and impacts on livelihoods specifically in densely populated areas of the town.

11. The EMP includes design measures such as (i) selection of construction methodology near protected monuments in discussion with the ASI, having the excavation observed by person with archaeological knowledge for chance finds, etc.; (ii) wash water recovery for the WTP to reduce effluent to be discharged; (iii) beneficial use of treated sludge; and (iv) quick leak detection and rectification to save the resources, etc. During construction,

the EMP includes mitigation measures such as (i) implementation of traffic management plan in coordination with local traffic police to minimize traffic impacts; (ii) awareness campaigns and consultations to inform residents and businesses of potential disturbances; (iii) provision of walkways and planks over trenches to ensure access will not be impeded; (iv) appropriate scheduling of works to avoid peak tourist season in important places; (v) use of noise-dampening measures in areas with sensitive receptors such as hospitals, schools, places of worships and other silence-zones; (vi) use of dust- suppression methods such as watering and/or covering of stockpiles; and (vii) finding beneficial use of excavated materials to extent possible to reduce the quantity that will be disposed off. As for the O&M phase, facilities will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only. Calculations conducted by the design engineer's show that 360 tonnes per year of dry sludge is to be generated. The design of the WTP includes dewatering and drying areas as part of sludge management. The EMP includes mitigation measures and monitoring plan to ensure compliance to environmental standards during O&M phase.

12. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC), project management unit (PMU), project implementing unit (PIU), consultants and contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries.

13. The contractor will be required to submit to PMU, for review and approval, a site environmental plan (SEP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per SEP; and (iv) budget for SEP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEP.

14. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP included in the bid and contract documents. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.

15. Consultation, disclosure and grievance redress mechanism. The stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE through discussions on-site and public consultation at several places in the town, after which views expressed were incorporated into the IEE and in the planning and development of the project. The IEE will be made available at public locations and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB, MPUDC and PMU websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation. A grievance redress

mechanism is described within the IEE to ensure any public grievances are addressed quickly.

16. Implementation Arrangements. Urban Development and Environment Department (UDED) of Government of Madhya Pradesh will be the Executing Agency. Implementing Agency will be Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC), A central Project Management Unit (PMU) attached to MPUDC will be responsible for implementing the MPUSIP. The PMU will be supported by Program Implementation Units (PIUs). Several teams of Design Consultants, and a Program Management Consultant (PMC) centrally located in PMU and with field teams, will support PMU & PIUs. Infrastructure will be designed, built, and operated (DBO) by contractor for 10 years, after which it will be transferred to the ULB. Project Officer (Environment) at PMU and Assistant Safeguard Officer (ASO) at each of the PIU will be responsible for environment safeguards tasks, and will be supported by Environment Specialist of PMC Team. Contractor personnel will include an Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) supervisor and an Archaeological Supervisor.

17. Monitoring and Reporting. The PMU and PMDC will be responsible for monitoring. The PMDC will submit quarterly and semi-annual monitoring reports to PMU, and the PMU will review and send the semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. ADB will post the environmental monitoring reports on its website.

18. Conclusions and Recommendations. The proposed project is therefore unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. The potential impacts that are associated with design, construction and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. As per ADB SPS, the project is classified as environmental category B and does not require further environmental impact assessment. However, a groundwater sustainability plan should be prepared through a detailed groundwater study, and the measures of which are to be incorporated into the project to ensure the project sustainability. Project will require following government permission/approvals: (i) permission of WRD, GoMP for water abstraction for Kurawar and Boda (ii) consent for construction of WTP in government land and establishment and consent for operation for WTP from Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board. These permissions/approvals shall be obtained prior to invitation of bids. This IEE needs to be updated during the project design finalization stage.

19. This IEE will be updated during the detailed design stage by the DBO contractor to reflect any changes, amendments and will be reviewed and approved by PMU.

II. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

1. Project background and context. Government of Madhya Pradesh with loan funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB) has proposed to implement Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project (MPUSIP), herein after referred as „the Project‟. Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDC) shall be the Implementing Agency and the State Urban Development and Environment Department (UDED) shall be the executing agency for the Project.

2. The Project components are as follows:

(i) Component 1: Improvements to water supply and sewerage services in identified towns  Continuous, pressurized, safe and sustainable drinking water through private household metered connections to 350,000 households with about 1.7million population resident in sixty-four towns in the State of Madhya Pradesh in Central India; and  Sewage and storm water collection and treatment services proposed initially in two (2) identified towns (Khajuraho and Rajnagar) servicing about 42,000 population resident in 8000 households;

(ii) Component 2: Institutional Strengthening  Capacity Building of implementing agencies (IAs), participating Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and service utilities in contract management and service delivery for ensuring long term sustainability of services;  Setting up of geographic information system (GIS) based water and sanitation asset management and service delivery monitoring; and  Structured behavioral change campaigns to ensure the improvement in public health and cost recovery of service delivery.

(iii)Component 3: Project Management and Administration Support. This component will support the smooth and effective implementation and operation of the Project which includes expert support in Project design and implementation (design, procurement and Contract and Project Management, safeguards etc.), and project administration through Executing and Implementing Agencies.

 Access to piped water supply coverage increased to 95% of the households from 33% in 2015 in 64 towns;  Women's drudgery for fetching water reduced by 80% (from spending an average of 55 minutes in 2015 to 10 minutes);  Coverage of households with access to improved sanitation systems increased to 80% from 30% in 2015;

 Wastewater collection and/or safe sanitation service coverage increased to at least 80% of the households from 0% in 2015 in two towns;  Incidence of water logging/flooding reduced to two incidents per annum in four towns; and  Women access to functioning sanitation systems increased to 95% from 25% in 2015 (in poor settlements) in four towns

4. The key outputs envisaged from the project are:

I. Output 1: Water supply infrastructure improved in 64 project towns and flood and sanitation infrastructure improved in two project towns with the following measurable indicators:  Improved water supply capacity of 186ml/day installed in 64 towns;  4,000 km water supply networks installed in 64 towns  350,000 households provided with metered house connections including 100 government schools;  8 MLD sewage or septage treatment plants constructed; and  Installation of 120 km sewer and drainage mains and networks.

II. Output 2: Sustained urban infrastructure operation and management  23 performance-based contract (PBC) operation and maintenance (O&M) water supply contracts for 64 ULBs signed and operated;  ULBs institute volumetric water charges for recovery of water service O&M costs  ULBs‟ water tariff collection ratio improved to 90% from 50% in 2014 based on the water meters‟ readings  100% operating cost recovery (excluding debt service) achieved;  GIS system established for effective O&M of water services

B. Purpose of this IEE Report

5. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement (2009). Accordingly, this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been conducted to assess the environmental impacts and provide mitigation and monitoring measures to ensure that there are no significant impacts as a result of the subproject.

6. This IEE is prepared for Kothari, Kurawar and Boda water supply improvement subproject. The subproject includes civil works, project implementation and management, and non-physical investments. A detailed description of the components is provided in Section III. The project area covers the urban area of Kothari Town in Sehore District and Boda, Kurawar towns in Rajgarh district. This draft IEE is based on the detailed engineering report prepared by the PPTA team and design consultants and will be finalized during bidding stage to reflect any changes and latest subproject designs. The objective of the subproject is to achieve safe and sustainable water services both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery and conservation of precious water resources. The subproject envisages providing 100% coverage of population with continuous, pressurized and safe drinking water services and achieving progressively

increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency. The subproject includes civil works (stop dams, intake, WTP, raw and clear water transmission, storage tanks, distribution network, consumer connections and flow meters), project implementation and management, and non-physical investments.

7. This IEE is based on the detailed engineering report prepared by the PPTA team and design consultant team it will be finalized during implementation stage by DBO contractor to reflect any changes and latest subproject designs. The IEE was based mainly on field reconnaissance surveys and secondary sources of information. No field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted however, the environmental monitoring program developed as part of the environmental management plan (EMP) will require the contractors to establish the baseline environmental conditions prior to commencement of civil works. The results will be reported as part of the environmental monitoring report and will be the basis to ensure no degradation will happen during subproject implementation. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

Figure 1- Subproject Location

BODA KOTHARI KURAWAR

C. Report Structure

8. This Report contains the following nine (9) sections, besides the executive summary: (i) Introduction (ii) Description of the project (iii) Policy, legal and administrative framework (iv) Description of the environment; (v) Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (vi) Public consultation and information disclosure; (vii) Grievance redress mechanism; (viii) Environmental management plan, and, (ix) Conclusion and recommendation.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Project Area

9. Project area comprises the urban area and surroundings of Kothari, Boda and Kurawar in Sehore District and Rajgarh district in Malwa Region of Madhya Pradesh State. Kothari has a population of 10,256 (2011 census) and has a geographical area of 18sq. km. Project area is situated at about 60 km southwest of state capital Bhopal. Situation along the highway connecting Bhopal-Indore, two main cities in the state, Kothari is well connected with the other parts of the state. Nearest railway station is at Sehore, the district headquarter town. Nearest airport is at Bhopal. Kurawar Town lies at a distance of about 85 km from Rajgarh and 60 km from Bhopal, in the heart of the Madhya Pradesh state. The total area of town is 8 Sq Kms and population as per 2011 census is 16319. The size of the Boda town is very small. The total area of the town is 21.82 sq km having a population of 9886. The one of the main attractions in the town is Andheria Bagh which is a historic temple and famous for Goddess.

B. Existing Water Supply Situation

1. KOTHARI

10. Groundwater is the only source of water supply in Kothari. Kothari Nagar Panchayat abstracts groundwater through 5 tube wells. Currently 200 kilo liters (kl) of water is abstracted and supplied daily to the consumers at a rate of 20 litre per capita per day (lpcd). Groundwater from tube wells is pumped to a ground level sump of 30 kl capacity located near the Burial Ground. There is also an overhead tank (220 kl capacity) near the sump for distribution; however, this is currently unused. Water from the sump is directly pumped into the distribution system for supply to consumers. Transmission and distribution network consists of uPVC pipes, and the total length of network is 8.7km.

11. KNP has provided 182 domestic water connections to the households which is about 10% coverage. Besides, there are public taps provided at several places in the town. Water supply in the town is intermittent is supplied at a frequency of 1 – 1.5 hours every alternative day. Groundwater is directly supplied to households, therefore no practice of disinfection of water supplies.

12. Since the piped water supply provides very limited coverage, KNP has installed 50 hand pumps covering entire town. Majority of the population depend on these hand pumps for their water needs. However, of the 50 hand pumps at presently only few (approximately 10no,s) are in operation and the rest have dried up. Due to unavailability of water in hand pumps, households also source water from nearby agricultural wells, spending large amounts of time for water. Very few households have private tube wells in their houses.

13. The existing water supply system in the town thus is failing to deliver the demand due to limited source capacity, seasonal variations in availability, inadequate storage, poor network efficiency and low management capability.

2. KURAWAR

14. At present water supply source is Ground Water Source catering water supply to the town which comprises of 6 working tube wells, 40 hand pumps and 1 open well. Water from all these ground water sources is pumped to 1 OHT having capacity 300 KL. Then water supply distribution system is laid of diameters 90 / 100 / 160 mm PVC pipes and

100/ 150 mm ACP Pipes. Total 8 Km water supply distribution system is laid in the Kurawar town. Thus total water supply to the Kurawar town maid is 0.60 MLD i.e. 35 LPCD.

15. Lassuliya Ramnath village (ward numbers 1, 2 & 3) is added in Kurawar Town in 2015. Hence no distribution network was laid down in this area. People in these wards are totally dependent on tube well and individual open wells. In 2015, new OHT having capacity 110 KL was constructed and water supply is not started till date.

16. It is proposed to use this 300 KL in new scheme with some reconditioning and renovation. While 110 KL OHT will be used as it is.

3. BODA

17. It is observed that Boda Nagar Parishad is somehow able to supply only 0.46 MLD water to people of town with the help of 4 tube wells, 30 hand pumps and 1 open well. Also there is no proper water supply infrastructure like treatment plant, 100% distribution network are not available in the town. Water from the existing sources like tube wells and open wells are directly supplied to existing OHT without any treatment. Around 6 km of distribution network was laid somewhere around year 2000. A water loss of approximately more than 45% is observed due to leakages in the distribution system. Sometimes chlorine / bleaching power is being used for the purpose of treatment. Due to the regular extraction of water, ground level of water is depleting fast. Present ground water level in the Boda town is approximately 700 feet below the ground level. Since 70 Hp pumps are installed in 4 tube wells, electricity consumption is also very high.

18. The present water supply of the town is 4.6 Lacs Liters per day i.e. 17.50 LPCD which is very less as compared to the service level benchmarks set by the GoI, i.e., 135 LPCD and 70 LPCD as per the Guidelines of MPUSIP for the town having population below 30000.

C. Proposed Project

19. As part of this project, it is proposed to develop comprehensive water supply schemes in each of the three project towns. Proposals include new/improved water sources and/or intakes, treatment facilities, storage reservoirs, pumping, transmission and distribution infrastructure. Project will also provide consumer connections with flow meters. Bulk flow meters are proposed at strategic locations to monitor the system performance efficiency. Following Table 1shows the nature and size of the various components of the subproject. Location of subproject components and conceptual layout plans are shown in Figure 2 to Figure 5.

20. Project benefits. The subproject aims to achieve safe and sustainable water services both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery and conservation of precious water resources. The subproject will provide continuous, pressurized and safe drinking water services to entire population of the towns (100% coverage). Besides achieving progressively increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency, the subproject will improve the overall environmental quality of the town. It will reduce the reduced time and costs of households in accessing alternative sources of water, and will lead to better public health particularly reduction in waterborne and infectious diseases.

Table 1: Proposed Water Supply Subproject Components

Particulars Kothari Kurawar Boda Population 2018 11700 19400 11100 Forecast (Initial) 2033 16920 27600 13500 (Inter mediat e) 2048 22270 39300 16000 (Ultim ate) Rate of 70 LPCD 135 LPCD 70 LPCD Water Supply Daily Water Water Water Demand (MLD) Water Demand (MLD) Water Demand (MLD) Demand Dema (MLD) nd 2018 1.07 3.2 1.00 MLD (Initial) 2033 1.45 4.5 1.20 MLD (Inter mediat e) 2048 1.91 6.4 1.40 MLD (Ultim ate) Source Taking into consideration that 1.Extracting Ground Water 1. Extracting Ground Alternative there is no dependable 2. Parbati River Water surface water source in the 3. Kunwar Chain Sagar 2. Utavali River in the proximity of the town, it is Dam Boda Town proposed to continue the 3. Kunwar Chain Sagar groundwater source for Kothri Other than these three Dam water supply. However given options, there is not water the low yield of existing tube body nearby the Kurawar Other than these three wells and frequent dry up, a town to consider as a water options, there is not groundwater study has been source for proposed Water water body nearby the commissioned as part of the Supply Scheme of town. Boda town to consider as project preparation and an Kurawar Chain Sagar is a water source for experienced hydrogeologist found adequate source for proposed Water Supply engaged to conduct the study Kurawar Water Supply Scheme of town. Kunwar and identified 7 new locations Scheme due to its Chain Singh Sagar Dam for groundwater abstraction adequacy in terms of is selected as adequate (for drilling tube wells) in quality as well quantity. source for supplying Kothri town After water analysis of water in Boda town. Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam, it is found that all the parameter is beyond the drinking water standard. Proposed Surfac Ground Water Kunwar Chain Sagar Kuwar Chain Sagar Water e Dam Dam Source Water/

Groun d water Proposed Proposed project components. It is Intake arrangement at Intake arrangement at System proposed to develop a groundwater Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam- Kunwar Chain Sagar based water supply system consists of Pump house- Raw water Dam- Pump house- Raw abstraction of groundwater from 7 tube feeder Mains-WTP - Clear water feeder Mains-WTP wells and pumping into sumps, disinfection with chlorine, pumping to Water Feeder Mains - - Clear Water Feeder overhead tanks, and distribution from OHTs - Distribution Mains - OHTs - OHTs. network - Household Distribution network - Connection Household Connection

Raw Water 22Hrs/Day 23 Hrs / Day 23 Hrs / Day Pumping Hours Head 7no,s of tube wells of depth 90 m Water will be lifted from Water will be lifted from Works diameter 350 Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam Kunwar Chain Sagar Arrangeme Mm with the help of Dam with the help of nt for All the tube well sites are located Submersible Floating Submersible Floating Water along/banks of a stream within the Pumps. Submersible Pumps. Submersible Source municipal boundary. Pumps will be mounted on Pumps will be mounted Floating Barge / Pontoon. on Floating Barge / Tube well require a very small 10 m x 10 m will be Pontoon. (1 m x 1m) constructed near dam. 10 m x 10 m will be Pump House cum Store constructed near dam. Room Pump House cum Store 112 Transformer (KVA) Room 1 Km HT / LT Line 63 Transformer (KVA) 1 Km HT / LT Line Raw Water - Raw Water Rising Main Raw Water Rising Main Pumping / DI K-9 DI K-9 Gravity 300mm 200mm Main 21500 length 12800 length

Water 2 no’s: Electronically controlled Rapid Sand Filter Type Rapid Sand Filter Type Treatment chlorination units producing chlorine 4.7MLD, 112 KVA 1.50MLD, 75 KVA Plant from common salt Transformer- 2km HT/LT transformer-2kmHT/LT line line Chlorination units will be located in a small room at sumps (ground level Location- Near govt. Location- Near 500 KL reservoirs). These are government hospital OHT in Boda Town owned lands, and are currently vacant.

Clear - Centrifugal pump 1 nos Centrifugal pumps 2 Nos Water For OHT 300KL – 7.50Hp, (1 Working& 1 Standby) Pumping discharge 9.65LPS,head For 500KL (Existing) Machinery 30.5m 10Hp, discharge For 110 KL & 250Kl- 15.7LPS, Head 30m. 10.0Hp,discharge 11.71LPS, head 30.0m For 900KL OHT- 25Hp, discharge 32.92LPS,30.5m head.

- Clear water feeder main DI Clear water feeder main K-9 for DI K-9 for Clear 300KL – 150mm- 50m 500KL(Existing) 150mm- Water length 200m length Pumping / 110KL & 250kl- Feeder 100mm,150mm- 1385m Main length 900KL – 200MM-750m length

Details of RCC tanks including 2 nos Existing OHT OHT compound walls at the sites considered in new scheme • 2lakh liter (LL) ground OHT -1, 300KL- staging ht. level service reservoir 20m, (GLSR) Location- in WTP campus No new OHT is proposed Location- At graveyard near KNP office; site is OHT-2 ,110KL staging ht. vacant and owned by 12m in Ward no 3 KNP 2 nos New OHT proposed • 1.5LLGLSR in scheme Location- At existing OHT-3 ,250KL -18m OHT; site is vacant and staging in ward no 3 owned by KNP OHT-4, 900KL-18M • 3.5 LL Elevated Service staging ht. In Galla Mandi Reservoir (ESR) Location- Site is near the highway at hospital; site is currently vacant and owned by GoMP

• 0.6LLESR Location- Site is in school compound at Manakhedi village; site is owned by GoMP

Distribution 51 km PE pipes of following 38881m – 75 mm to 280 9672m – 75 mm to 250 network sizes: mm HDPE mm HDPE

Location: Along the public Location: Along the • 25.5 km - 75 mm roads in the entire town public roads in the entire • 19.6 km - 110 mm town • 5.5 km - 160 mm • 1.2 km - 200 mm 32 m – 250 mm Pipes will be laid underground along the public roads, and public lands.

All the tube wells are proposed along a stream, and the pipelines that transmit water from the tube wells to the water tanks will be laid along the stream (buried in the bank or adjacent within the available land of the stream)

Distribution network will cover entire town, including Manekhedi village which is located away from the town. In narrow roads, where there is no place, the pipeline will be laid within the tarmac.

Existing old pipes will be left as it is in the ground untouched

Consumer 2500 nos 3378 2091 connection Water delivery pipe (MPDE of with flow dia 20 - 25 mm) will be meters connected to distribution lines and meters will be attached to the delivery pipe at each house with a meter chamber

Bulk Water 17 10 03 Meters Fixedatstrategiclocationsinat source,OHTs,GLSRs,DMAin letsetc.,bulkmeterswillbefixe dwiththepipesection

FIGURE 2: SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM KOTHARI

50kl/+484m Menakhedi 110mm OHT R- 110mm 7 - TW HDPE PN10 R- HDPE PN10 8 - TW Grave Yard; +484m Yard; Grave near Sump 200kl R- 6 - TW 110mm R- 5 - TW HDPE PN10 75mm HDPE PN10 R- Ward 10 - TW - 11 - TW 75mm 160mm HDPE PN10 HDPE PN10 Existing Existing R- 3 Anganwadi - Hospital OHT Hospital TW 350kl/+488m - TW 75mm 110mm - TW Existing OHT/+487 Existing HDPE PN10 220kl 220kl HDPE PN10 Nala Ward - TW 75mm - 15 150kl Sump/+487m 150kl - TW HDPE PN10 110mm HDPE PN10 R- 2 - TW

FIGURE 3: LOCATION OF PROPOSED TUBE WELL POINTS KOTHARI TOWN

FIGURE 4: PROPOSED TUBE WELL DESIGN KOTHARI TOWN

Figure 5: FLOW DIAGRAM OF KURAWAR WATER SUPPLY

FIGURE 6: LAYOUT PLAN OF KURAWAR WSS

Figure 7: SCHEMATIC FLOW DIAGRAM OF WTP

FIGURE 8: DRAWING OF FLOATING PONTOON FOR KURAWAR WSS

FIGURE 9: FLOW DIAGRAM OF BODA WSS

FIGURE 10: LAYOUT PLAN OF BODA WSS

FIGURE 11: FLOW DIAGRAM OF BODA WTP

Figure 12: Layout Plan of Floating Phontoon for Boda WSS

IV. POLICY, LEGAL & ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. ADB Policy

21. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB SPS, 2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all ADB investments.

22. Screening and categorization. The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project; the sensitivity, scale, nature, and magnitude of its potential impacts; and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts, and are assigned to one of the following four categories:

(i) Category A. Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (ii) Category B. Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C. Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed. (iv) Category FI. Projects involve a credit line through a financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all projects will result in insignificant impacts.

23. Environmental management plan. An EMP, which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment, shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the project’s impact and risks.

24. Public disclosure. ADB will post the safeguard documents on its website as well as disclose relevant information in accessible manner in local communities:

(i) for environmental category A projects, draft EIA report at least 120 days before Board consideration; (ii) final or updated EIA and/or IEE upon receipt; and (iii) environmental monitoring reports submitted by the implementing agency during project implementation upon receipt.

B. National Environmental Laws

25. The GoI EIA Notification of 2006 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994), sets out the requirement for Environmental Assessment in India. This states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for specified activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts.

26. Category A projects require EC from the central Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF).

The proponent is required to provide preliminary details of the project in the prescribed manner with all requisite details, after which an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the MoEF prepares comprehensive Terms of Reference (ToR) for the EIA study. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, MoEF considers the recommendation of the EAC and provides the EC if appropriate.

Table 2: Applicable Environmental Regulations

Law Description Requirement Madhya Prepared in accordance with the Permission of WRD, Pradesh State National Water Policy, it states that GoMP: Water Policy, “for environmental balance, skillful and • Water allocation 2003 planned management of all types of / abstraction developmental activities, economic from Kunwar use on equitable basis and in view of chain Sagar the prime importance of water for all Dam for human and other living beings, an kurawar and effective and sound water policy is Boda necessary”. Policy is detailed in 17 sections dealing with different aspects of water resources. No. 7 deals with Water Allocation Priorities, and according to which drinking water supply shall have the highest priority followed by irrigation, power, tourism, etc. Water Resource Department is nodal department for permitting different uses of water resources. Policy also states that “clear provision for reservation of drinking water shall be made in irrigation projects” Water Act was enacted to provide for the WTPs require CTE (Prevention prevention and control of water (prior to start of and Control of pollution and the maintaining or constriction) and Pollution) Act restoring of wholesomeness of water, CFO (prior to start of 1974, by Central and State Pollution Control of operation) from Rules of Boards and for conferring and MPPCB. 1975, and assigning to CPCB/SPCBs powers amendments &functions relating to water pollution Application has to control. be submitted online at Control of water pollution is achieved http://www.mppcb.ni through administering conditions c.in/xgn.html imposed in consent issued under to this Act. These conditions regulate the quantity and quantity of effluent, the location of discharge and the frequency of monitoring of effluents. Any component of the subproject having the potential to generate sewage or trade effluent will come under its purview. Such projects have to obtain Consent to Establish (CTE) &

Consent to Operate (CTO) under Section 25 from Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB)

Environment Emissions and discharges from the Appendix 17 (Protection) facilities to be created or refurbished provides applicable Act, 1986 and or augmented shall comply with the standards for CPCB notified standards ambient air quality. Environmenta Appendix 18 l Standards. provides vehicular emission norms Noise Rule 3 of the Act specifies ambient air Appendix 19 Pollution quality standards in respect of noise provides applicable (Regulation for different areas/zones. noise standards. and Control) Rules, 2000 amended up to 2010. Municipal Rules to manage municipal solid Solid waste Solid Wastes waste generated; provides rules for generated at Management segregation, storage, collection, proposed facilities Rules, 2016 processing and disposal. shall be managed and disposed in accordance with the MSWM Rules Construction Rules to manage construction & to Construction & & Demolition waste resulting from construction, demolition waste Waste remodeling, repair and demolition of generated from the Management any civil structure. Rules define C&D project construction Rules, 2016 waste as waste comprising of building shall be managed materials, debris resulting from and disposed as per construction, re-modeling, repair and the rules (Appendix demolition of any civil structure. 20)

Labour Laws The contractor shall not make Appendix 21 employment decisions based upon provides applicable personal characteristics unrelated to Labour laws job requirements. The contractor shall including base the employment relationship amendments issued upon equal opportunity and fair from time to time treatment, and shall not discriminate applicable to with respect to aspects of the establishments employment relationship, including engaged in recruitment and hiring, compensation construction of civil (including wages and benefits), works. working conditions and terms of employment or retirement, and discipline. The contractor shall provide equal wages and benefits to men and women for work of equal value or type.

27. Category B projects require environmental clearance from the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The State level EAC categorizes the project as either B1 (requiring EIA study) or B2 (no EIA study), and prepares ToR for B1 projects within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, the SEIAA issues the EC based on the EAC recommendation. The Notification also provides that any project or activity classified as category B will be treated as category A if it is located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of protected areas, notified areas or inter-state or international boundaries.

28. None of the components of this water supply subproject in towns falls under the ambit of the EIA Notification 2006, and, therefore EC is thus not required for the subproject. Besides EIA Notification 2006, there are various other Acts, Rules, Policies and Regulations currently in force in India that deal with environmental issues that could apply to infrastructure development. The specific regulatory compliance requirements of the subproject are shown in Table 2.

Table 3: WHO Ambient Air& Noise Quality Guidelines

V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study

29. Data collection and stakeholder consultations. Data for this study has been primarily collected through comprehensive literature survey, discussion with stakeholder agencies, and field visits to the proposed subproject sites.

30. The literature survey broadly covered the following:

(i) Project details, reports, maps, and other documents prepared by technical experts of the ADB PPTA Team and design consultant team (ii) Discussions with Technical experts of the PPTA team, municipal authorities, relevant government agencies like MPPCB, etc. (iii) Secondary data from previous project reports and published articles, and (iv) Literature on land use, soil, geology, hydrology, climate, socioeconomic profiles, and other planning documents collected from Government agencies and websites.

31. Ocular inspection. Several visits to the project sites were made during IEE preparation period in 2015-16 to assess the existing environment (physical, biological, and socioeconomic) and gather information with regard to the proposed sites and scale of the proposed project. A separate socioeconomic study was conducted to determine the demographic information, existing service levels, stakeholder needs and priorities.

B. Baseline Environmental Profile

Following Table 4, presents the baseline environmental profile of subproject towns of Kothari, Kurawar and Boda . It is organized in terms of physical, ecological, economical, and socio cultural resources. Relevant data tables, further information, if any, is provided in appendices (Appendix 7 to 19) for further reference

Table 4: Baseline Environmental Features of the Subproject Towns

Sr. Particulars Kothri Kurawar Boda

1 Location Geographically, the project Geographically, the project Geographically, the project area is located between area is located between 24º area is located between 23º 22º31' to 23º40' N latitude to 11' 38’’ N latitude to and 76º 39’ 32’’ N latitude 76º 48’ 42’’E and76º22' to 78º08'E 59' 57’’ longitude, in Rajgarh longitude, in the Rajgarh longitude, in the central part district of Madhya Pradesh district of Madhya Pradesh of Madhya Pradesh State State. State.

2 Connection It is located at Kurawar Town lies at a The town of Boda lies on the about 70 km southwest of distance of about 85 km from Major District Road (MDR) and state capital Bhopal, and 27 Rajgarh and 60 km from its 12 km away from Pachore. km from the district Bhopal, in the heart of the There is no direct railway headquarter, Madhya Pradesh state. The Sehore. The national Town serves as a Nagar linkage to Boda. The nearest highway (NH 86) connecting Parishad in the Rajgarh railway stations are in Biaora, the state’s administrative district. It lies along National Pachore and Sujhalpur. Boda capital (Bhopal) Highway 12 which connects can only be reached by road. and the commercial capital Bhopal,Jaipur,Narsinghgarh, In fact, the town is well-

(Indore) passes through Amlar, Andalheda,Ankkhedi, connected to other places of Kothri, provide good road Anwli, and Badbel. Nearest significant importance in the connectivity, airport is at Bhopal which is state. Within Bhopal and 58 Km from Kurawar. neighboring Uttar Pradesh state. Nearest railway station is at Sehore, and The nearest airport is at state capital Bhopal. 3 Area and According to the census, the The area of the town is The total area of the town is Population population of Kothri was spread over in 8 Sq km 21.82 sq km having a 10,525 in 2011, increased (2011). Density of the town is population of 9886.The Nagar from increasing with the increase Parishad is of rural in nature 8,238 in 2001, which shows of population. Future growth an increase of 27.7 % over of the town is expected as it does depend on the decade, slightly higher towards the highway or agriculture. The town has growth because of the high agricultural based economy. Rates than the previous congestion on the northern decade of 1991-2001 that part. experienced a growth of Population of the town as per 22%. 2011census is 16319

4 Topography Kothri is situated in the Kurawar lies on normally a Boda lies on normally a plain Malwa region. Topography is plain terrain. The Rajgarh terrain. The physiology of the mostly plain, and gently district lies on the northern town in this region is basically: slopes toward to northwest. edge of the Malwa plateau, Denudation Landforms, Fluvial The highest elevation in KNP is around 500 m above the and the Pārbati River forms Landforms, Malwa Plateau and mean sea level (MSL) in the the eastern boundary of the Kali Sindh Basin eastern part while with a district, while the Kali Sindh slope towards northwest. River forms the western The lowest elevation is boundary. In the northwest of the town limits with a level of about 480 m above the MSL. The entire study area is occupied by Deccan traps on the surface and the weathering/alteration products of the Deccan Trap Basalts such as shallow and deep soils, black cotton soils, Yellow soils, weathered basalts occupy the top layer of the lithological cross section. 5 Rainfall The annual average rainfall The average annual rainfall in Kurawar and Boda for the last 6 of Sehore district is 1217.7 Years is about 905.08 mm. About 95% of theannual rainfall is mm, with highest rainfall in received during the monsoon months, June to September, July Sehore block (1412.3 mm) to being the rainiest month lowest (1054.9 mm) in Astha block. Kothri town is in Astha block. Southwest monsoon is the principle monsoon

season which commences in the month of late June / July to September. About 92.4% of the annual rainfall is received during this Period. Rains are also received during the post monsoon period, especially in October, November. As shown in the figure, there is large fluctuation in am 5 Soil and The entire study area is Majorly three types of soil The Soil type of Boda is the Geology occupied by Deccan traps on formations are observed in medium to deep Black soil and the surface and the the area, Black cotton, Red mixed red and black soil. weathering/alteration loamy soil. Limestone Products of the Deccan Trap reserves are also seen in Basalts such as shallow and area. deep soils, black cotton soils, yellow soils, weathered basalts occupy the top layer of the lithological cross section. 6 Climate There are significant Climate of the town is subtropical. Humid subtropical climate is seasonal and day-night a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and cool temperature variations winters. It has a hot dry summer (April- June) followed by almost throughout the year. monsoon rains (July- September) and a cool and relatively dry The average normal winter. The normal maximum temperature during the month of temperature is 40.7°C. From May is 42.4°C with minimum during the month of January 11.3 March onwards, the °C in Boda respectively. The wind velocity is higher during the temperature starts rising and pre-monsoon period as compared to post monsoon period. maximum temperature observed during the month of May. The summer temperatures can reach a maximum of 42°C. The January is the coldest month of the year. The average normal minimum temperature during the month is about 10.4%. The individual day temperature comes as low as 1 to 2. °C During the southwest monsoon the relative humidity is generally high exceeding About 88% in August. Humidity decreases in the post monsoon season. In the cold season it is fairly good over the district. The driest part of the year is the summer season with the humidity going down to 26%

or less. The annual normal relative humidity of the district is 57%. Winds are generally light to moderate with some slight strengthening in force during the monsoon season. The wind velocity in the post monsoon and winter season is in general low as compared to Pre monsoon or summer season. The normal average and wind Velocity of the district is about 8.3 Km/hr.

7 Surface The major drainage in the Parbati River: Parbati River Utavali River in Boda: Utavali Water area trends southwest to is a river in Madhya Pradesh, River is not a perennial river. northeast supported by a India that flows into the Rain water around the Boda stream flowing in this town is flowing through the Chambal River. The river direction. Kothri steam, Utavali and river. Utavali River originating in the far upper rises at a height of 610 m in mostly flows in the rainy areas of Kothri town, flows the Vindhya Range and runs season and remains dry Through the town. This for 436 km. It is one of the almost 8 months of a year. stream flows toward north Chambal River's three main River bed is almost flat, hence and joins River Pārbati after tributaries, along with the is it not possible to construct crossing village Manekhedi Banas River and the Kali barrage or dam to store the that is part of KNP. River water for Boda. There is no Sindh River. It originates Pārbati is one of the main assurance to getting the 100% tributaries of Chambal River from the northern slopes of water demand of Boda town part of Yamuna river basin. Vindhan Range in Madhya during the entire year. The Kothri stream is a small Pradesh and enters in entire waste water from Boda seasonal stream which only Rajasthan in Kota where it town is passing through the during the monsoon as the meets Chambal. Parbati Utavali River. Principle source is the River dried in the month of rainfall. No flow records December every year. Also available for this stream. The Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam: local enquiries the depth of river bed is not The dam is around 11.00 km indicate the stream flows that big where we can store away from Boda town. during the southwest sufficient water to fulfil the monsoon season, and water demand of Kurawar depending on the town. Hence it is Parbati Amount of rainfall received River is not considered as a during the season, flow volume and duration varies. water source. On normal rainfall years, it Kunwar Chain Sagar (Dudhi) flows for about 1-2 months (between July and Dam: The Kunwar Chain September/October). Poor Sagar Dam is one of the rainfall results in flow for major dams in Narsinghgarh period of just a couple of district. This dam was days to a week, and above constructed under Dam average rainfall results into Rehabilitation and flow period of 2-3 months. The stream is very narrow, Improvement Project of

and as per the revenue Govt. of India initiative with records available, the width World Bank Funding. varies from 20-30 m, including the banks. During very heavy flow, the stream inundates adjacent areas. The land use along the stream is predominantly agriculture Originating in Vindhya Range, Parvati River is an important river in the region. It flows at about 4 km from Kothri town in the north, and flows predominantly from south/south West to north/northeast. This river is also seasonal, with high variation from monsoon to summer. During the summer, river almost dries up. This river main source of water for Asthan town on the upstream. 8 Ground Alluvium. Alluvial area in the Groundwater quality in the district is fresh to saline with EC water region occurs mainly along value ranges from 435 to 2120 μS/cm at 250C. Nitrate was Pārbati River with extensive observed in the range of 12 to 276 mg/l whereas fluoride ranges Thickness at certain places. from 0.02 to 5.59 mg/l. Post monsoon Ground water table in Alluvium is also found along the rivulets, streams that are Rajgarh district is depleted from 10 m to 12 m below ground tributaries of Pārbati, though level from 2010 to 2013. the thickness of such alluvium is only up to 1 to 2 m. Because of non-perennial flow of water in these tributaries the groundwater or subsoil water potential of the alluvium horizon is not very good. However at certain places where thickness of alluvium exceeds 6 to 7 m, the subsoil water may persist up to a significant time after Monsoon and may support the Rabi crops, though it may not be sustainable for round the area drinking water supply to the town. The principle aquifers in the area are constituted by Vesicular Basalts and fractured zones in Basalts and inferred Sedimentary at

a depth and beyond, with varying thickness of 5 m onwards. According to CGWB, ground water level in this region ranges from 8 to 12 m below ground level (bgl) during pre- monsoon (May 2012) In the post monsoon period (November 2012) the water level of less than 5m bgl. The recorded fall in groundwater level is 0.1 to 5.22 m/annum during pre-monsoon and rise of 0.01-2.18 m/annum during post monsoon. In terms of groundwater development, Sehore and Asta blocks fall under critical category. The stage of ground water development has reached to 89 % in Astha block, in which the project Town Kothari is situated. 9 Air Quality There is no data on ambient Air Quality data is not available as town is very small. While air quality in Kothari Town, there is no air pollution in sub project area due to absence any which are not subject to industrial activity as well as heavy vehicular movement. monitoring by the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB) as there are no major Industries. 10 Ecology The project area – municipal Project area mostly comprises urban areas, agricultural areas of area of Kothari Nagar Kurawar and Boda which are converted to human use many Panchayat, comprises the years back. Extent of forest areas in the project area is very habitation areas of Kothari limited, and none of the project components are located in the town, and the village of forest areas. Manekhedi in the northern outskirts. Majority of the area in the municipal boundary is in agricultural use. There are no Ecologically sensitive features like forest in the project area. Streams are seasonal, so there is no noticeable aquatic life. Flora and fauna found in the area is of local species. 11 Economic Kothari is an agriculture The workers participation of According to census reports, based economy. It is a local the town is worked out to be around 46.90% of the total Development center for agricultural about 30.5% of the total population (8,510) entered the marketing workforce in2001. Workforce

Dealing in agriculture population in the year 2011. participation generally falls produce. Agricultural lands under three-fold classifications are extensively cultivated in namely the primary sector the area, and predominant (involved in agriculture-related crops are wheat, soybean, onion, pulses, etc. Main crop activities), the secondary season is Rabi, and sector (involved in industry- agricultural is fully dependent related work) and the tertiary on the monsoon. There is no sector (involved in household canal irrigation system in industry and services type of Kothari, and farmers mainly employment). Approximately irrigate using the 65.45% of the total population groundwater with their own tube wells. is fall under main worker or 55. There are no notable those who are employed for industries in Kothari. There 180 days. The percent of the are some agro based main worker are more as household compare to marginal worker units, and brick kilns under working population. On supporting the local market. the other hand the percentage share of marginal worker is only 34.55%.

Land Use Spread over 18 sq. km The total area of Kurawar as Boda covers a total area of area Kothari is a small town, given in the records is 800 21.82 sq km. owing it to the still in Hectare. Out of these, 25% fact that agriculture is a major the transition phase from of land is used for economy of the town, but the rural to Urban. Large areas under residential; 5% for largest proportion (70.43%) of municipal jurisdiction are still commercial purpose, 15% the total town area is Under agricultural use. area is used for residential and commercial. According transportation; almost 20% The data also reveals that to the available land use used for public and semi- 70.43% of the entire town area details, public use and 10% area is is developed. Moreover, Water nearly 88% land is under vacant. Bodies comprise the smallest agricultural use, while 5% is onlyunder residential, proportion (6.50%) of the total institutional and town area. Transport use. Rest 7% is underwater bodies, and government Lands.

Agriculture Kothari is an agriculture There are no large or small An industry is a broad term and industry based economy. It is a local scale industries in the town. which refers to manufacturing center for agricultural The town has been of raw materials into goods marketing generating its economy from and products. The town has no Dealing in agriculture produce. Agricultural lands household industries such as major industrial construction are extensively cultivated in furniture and utensils making activities except for brick and the area, and predominant and iron fabrication work steel furniture manufacturing crops are wheat, soybean, etc.; nevertheless there are factories located in the town. onion, pulses, etc. Main crop some industries already season is Rabi, and operating or proposed in Agriculture production includes agricultural is fully dependent nearby areas. Kurawar sites wheat, chana, soyabean, sug on the monsoon. There is no ar cane etc. Currently the agric canal irrigation system in in rich agriculture region, ulture production of Boda Kothari ,and farmers mainly though lack of proper irrigate using the irrigation facility and modern belongs to the Class B groundwater with their own agriculture practice are category. The town has 3 sub tube wells. reducing the actual potential. mandi for import and export of 55. There are no notable As per the information agriculture goods industries in Kothari. There available from Madhya are some agro based household Pradesh Mandi Board, Soya Units, and brick kilns bean and Wheat are the two supporting the local market. most grown agriculture produces of the region.

Transport The entire town is divided in Kurawar town lies in the The core area of the city is to two parts which is core Rajgarh district. The town is predominately consisting of area on south western part well connected to narrow roads and lanes with and newly developed areas surrounding areas and rest irregular vehicles parked on the south eastern part. National Highway 86 divides of the country by National haphazardly. This leads to the old and new Highway 12. Settlements traffic congestions on regular development areas, and acts neighboring the town are basis. as a main artery for the road connected through major networkin the town. The old district roads (MDRs).Road town area is characterized density of the town is 2.15 by very narrow roads and km/sq. km as a total of 17.0 dense housing development. Outer areas have very less km of road length exists in density. Traffic in the town is the town. The main artery of very limited, except on the the town is NH-12, which main highway that carries passes through the considerable through traffic. settlement. No clear road Most of the roads are hierarchy can be observed surfaced other than NH-12. with concrete, and roads in the outer areas are mostly Carriageway width of NH-12 unpaved. is 10.5 m where as about 25% of the roads have carriageway width of 5-6 m, and 75% have carriageway width between 2-5 m.

Sewerage/S There is no sewerage There is no proper sewerage Apparently, there is no anitation/ collection and treatment network in Kurawar. Only separate sewerage and storm Drainage system in the town. 25% area of the town is water system in Boda. The Households mainly depend covered with drainage town is primarily drained by the on individual sanitation systems like pit latrines, network which includes both river Utavali together with septic tanks etc. pucca and kutcha drains. other bodies of water Open defecation is also Some drainage network has traversing the area which prevalent in the project area. been laid along major roads consequently help in denuding Most of the wastewater from in the form of open drains. the surface during rains. The house holds is let into open Only 8 Km of drains have length of river flowing in the drains, roads and vacant been laid in the town. city area is about 7 km and it sites, which ultimately enters Kothari stream. The Flooding occurs in all the low flows from southwest to wastewater washes off lying are as near Nalah northeast direction which during monsoon flow into (Natural Drainage actually cuts the urban River Parvati. The vacant Channel) in wards 5, 7, 8, 9, development in two parts. lands along the stream are 11, 14 and 15. extensively used for open The existing drainage system defecation, posing threat to is formed only with open drains environment and health.. and it was designed for a

rainfall of 12mm/hr whereas average intensity is 23 and peak is 52 mm/hr. The sewerage and storm water drainage systems are connected and about 25% to 30% of the sewage is drained into storm water drains.

Solid Waste There is no proper solid The scientific and systematic Although SWM systems exist waste management system storage of waste at source is in Boda town since few years Management in the town. not in practice and in the back, SWM has remained a KNP is responsible for SWM absence of the desirable major environmental issue until services their areas. Waste generated in the towns are system of storage of waste now. Looking into the normal collected and disposed by at source. In Kurawar the institutional setup, SWM crude open dumping method systematic collection of responsibility is devolved to a in the outskirts of the towns waste is still primitive. The health officer who is assisted primary collection of waste is by the engineering department effected through depositing in the transportation work. The of wastes by waste activity is undeniably Labour producers and by the intensive and in most sweepers appointed by instances daunting as there Kurawar town into the are only 2-3 workers assigned community waste bins. per 1000 residents whose needs are ever growing and changing.

Demography According to the census, the The population trend of The population trend of Boda population of Kothari was Kurawar town is given below: town is given below: 10,525 in 2011, increased 1991: 9,463 1991: 6,655 from8,238 in 2001, which 2001: 11,733 2001: 8,510 shows an increase of 27.7 % over the decade, slightly 2011: 16,391 2011: 9,886 higher growth rates than the previous decade of 1991- 2001 that experienced a growth of 22% Literacy Overall literacy is 72.29%, According to Census Boda has a literacy rate of Ratio which is slightly higher than 2011, the 63.66 % against the District the state average of 69.3%. literacy rate in Madhya average of 51.06 %, which is The literacy figures are higher than average District Pradesh was 84 percent, reported at 85.1% for males literacy level. As per 2011 and 58.8% for females. 79% in Rajgarh district and provisional census figure male 70 percent in Kurawar town. literacy constitutes 59.97 This clearly shows that the percent while female literacy literacy rate in town is accounts about 40.03 percent. comparatively less than As compare to last decade the State and District. The male literacy has gone down by 2.62 percent. On the other current status of town hand female literacy has requires more educational increased by 2.6 percent from facilities so that the literacy the last decade. But still there rate of the town will at least is a large gap between male equal or more than the and female literacy. district level

Sex Ratio The sex ratio is 942 females Sex Ratio in Kurawar town is Sex ratio is one of the per 1000 males, much higher 927 females per 1000 males instruments to indicate gender than the state average of as per 2011 census which is balance in city. In case of 931. With an area of 18 sq. lower than the district urban Boda Town, it has good km under sex ratio i.e. 948 and low as the municipal limits, gross compared to state average balanced sex ratio as population density is very of 916 as well. Lower sex compared to the District and low (584 persons/sq. km), ratio of the town is due to State ratios. The sex ratio as but this conventional outlook of the per census 2011 is found 945 varies across the area, as society. female over 1000. most of this area is undeveloped, and in the core area of the town, population is dense. About 1.31% of the populations are scheduled tribes (ST), and about 19.35% belong to scheduled castes (SC). Main language spoken the project areas is Hindi

History, There are no specific There are no specific There are no specific Culture and historical or cultural historical or cultural historical or cultural Tourism references available about references available about references available about Kothari town. There are no town. There are no places boda town.. The one places of tourism or of tourism or historical or historical or archeological archeological importance in of the main attractions in the importance in the town. the town. There are few town is Andheria Bagh which There are few religious religious places like is a historic temple and famous places like temples, temples, mosques in the for Goddess. There are no mosques in the town, town. more places of tourism or frequented by locals. Town historical or archeological is however known locally importance in the town. for making Sri Krishna idols for the Dol Gyaras festival. This is celebrated on a day in Bhadrapad month of Hindu calendar. About 50 families in the town are engaged in idol and puppet making activities for the festival

FIGURE 13. PROJECT AREA ENVIRONS KOTHARI TOWN

FIGURE 14. PROJECT AREA ENVIRONS BODA TOWN

FIGURE 15. PROJECT AREA ENVIRONS KURAWAR TOWN

C. Subproject Site Environmental Features

32. Features of the selected subproject sites are presented in the following table.

Table 5: Site Environmental Features Kothari town

Infrastructure Location& Environmental Features Tube well sites Seven (7) tube wells points are identified along Kothari stream at various points. Bore hole will be of 350 mm dia and will have a cap of 1m x 1 m. Sites are vacant.

Tube well R2 site Tube well R3 Tubewell R5 Tube well R6

Tube well R7 Tube well R8 Tube well R10 Water service The proposed site for GLSR (2 LL) reservoirs& is identified in a cremation ground pumping (in the northwest outskirts of town), stations owned by KNP. The site is vacant and there are no trees at the identified location. A pumping station will also be located at this site.

The proposed site for GLSR (1.5 LL) will be located next to the existing OHT, which is located in a cremation ground (in the southwestern outskirts of the worn), owned by KNP. The site is vacant and there are no trees at the identified location. A pumping station will also be located at this site. The proposed site for ESR (3.5 LL) is located along the national highway. The site is owned by GoMP, and is near the government hospital. The site is currently and there are no trees at the identified location.

Infrastructure Location& Environmental Features The proposed 0.6 LL ESR at Manekhedi village will be constructed in a school compound. Site is vacant and there are no trees. Site is owned by GoMP

Transmission Feeder main from the tube well (R8) & distribution to Manekhedi OHT will be laid along network a field road (cart track). Pipeline will be buried in the track.

Feeder mains from R5, R6, R7 and R10 to Cremation ground GLSR will be laid along Kothri stream. Pipe will be buried on its bank. PE flexible pipe is proposed to suit the site conditions with sharp turns. There are trees on the bank of stream, but will mostly be avoided during the laying of pipe. It will involve removal shrubs and bushes.

Feeder mains from R3 and R2 tube well and distribution lines from service reservoirs to houses will be laid along the roads. Pipes will be buried along the roads/streets in the town within the road right of way (ROW). In wider roads pipes will be laid in the road shoulder, and in narrow roads, where there is no space, pipes/sewers will be laid in the road carriage. Roads in the old part of the town are quite narrow (~3m), and in the rest of the town roads are comparatively wider. Roads are lined with open drains. There are no trees along the roads, except in some places. In old town areas pipes will be laid in the middle of the road, which may affect the traffic. Given the small diameter (75 - 160 mm) pipes, the trench excavation will be very minimal (0.4 x 0.7m).

Table 6. Site Environmental Features of kurawar Town

Infrastructure Location & Environmental Site Photograph Features Intake Water will be lifted from kunwar chain Sagar Dam with the help of Submersible Floating Pumps. Submersible Pumps will be mounted on Floating Platform. So no civil works will be conducted in the dam

WTP WTP of capacity of 4.7 MLD is proposed in Kurawar town. The proposed location is under the custody of Revenue Department. There is no environmental specific thing under proposed campus of WTP and land is vacant. The WTP is proposed in campus of existing 300 KL OHT. Khasra No. of land is 653/1/1/1.

Raw water rising The rising mains will be laid along mains (21500 m) the RoW. The road is wide enough and of PWD department.

900 KL OHT One new 900 KLOHT is proposed at Khasra No. 657 in Galla Mandi. There is no tree near the site. So, no negative environmental impact. Land is under custody of revenue department and vacant.

250 KL OHT One new 250 KL OHT is proposed near existing 110 KL OHT. The proposed location is under the custody of Revenue Department. There is no environmental specific thing under proposed campus of OHTand vacant.

Clear Water The feeder Mains will be laid on the Feeder Mains side of the road. The road in (Length : 2235m) Kurawar is in custody of PWD.

Distribution The distribution network will be laid network on the side of the road. The road in (38881m) Kurawar is in custody of PWD and ULB.

Table 7 Site Environmental Features of Boda Town

Infrastructure Location & Site Photograph Environmental Features Water Source- Kunwar Kunwar Chain sagar Dam Chain Sagar Dam is situated on Dudhi river in Narsinghgarh Tahsil in Rajgarh District. The Catchment area of Dam is 119.14 Sq Km. Gross Storage Capacity of dam is 26.66 Mcm. Location of floating barrage/pontoon proposed at dam Raw Water rising mains Raw water rising mains (12800m) will be laid along the RoW. The road is of PWD.

Water Treatment Plant Water Treatment Plant of capacity 1.5 MLD is proposed near existing 500KL OHT. The land is under revenue department and vacant. There is no environmental and ecological feature at the area.

Clear Water Feeder Mains The feeder Mains will be (200m) laid on the side of the road. The road in Boda is in custody of Nagar Parishad.

Distribution network (9672 Distribution network will be m) laid along the RoW. The road in under custody of PWD and Nagar Parishad.

VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

C. Introduction

33. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended to reduce the impact.

34. Screening of potential environmental impacts are categorized into four categories considering subproject phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre-construction phase), construction phase impacts and operations and maintenance phase impacts.

a. Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection and include loss of on- site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site. b. Design impacts include impacts arising from Investment Program design, including technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. c. Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production. d. O&M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, and occupational health and safety issues.

35. Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude (negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent).

36. This section of the IEE reviews possible project-related impacts, in order to identify issues requiring further attention and screen out issues of no relevance. ADB SPS (2009) require that impacts and risks will be analyzed during pre-construction, construction, and operational stages in the context of the project’s area of influence.

37. The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist in http://www.adb.org/documents/guidelines/environmental_assessment/eaguidelines002.asphas been used to screen the project for environmental impacts and to determine the scope of the IEE.

38. In the case of this project (i) most of the individual elements are relatively small and involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant; and (ii) most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction process, and are produced because that process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and some works are located in the reservoir. The project will be in properties held by the local government and access to the project location is through public rights-of-way and existing roads hence, land acquisition and encroachment on private property will not occur. Nevertheless, the project do have some impacts related to project design, as it choses groundwater as the source of water supply. Appropriate measures are suggest to avoid any impacts on groundwater regime.

D. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design & Location

Design of the Proposed Components. Technical design of kothari (i) tube wells;

(ii)chlorination units (iii) storage reservoirs, (iv) distribution network, connections and other items like flow meters, etc., follows the relevant national planning and design guidelines, focusing on providing a robust system which is easy to operate, sustainable, efficient and economically viable. And technical design of the (A) Kurawar WSS (i) Submersible Pumps to be installed on Floating Barge / Pontoon on Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam (ii) WTP of 5.0 MLD capacity (iii) 2 no. of OHT of capacity 200 KL and 1000 KL (B) Boda WSS (i) Submersible Pumps to be installed on Floating Barge / Pontoon on Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam (ii) WTP of 1.5 MLD capacity;

39. Following environmental considerations are included in the project:

(i) Conducting a detailed groundwater study and preparation of a groundwater sustainability plan for Kothari to address the groundwater sustainability issue.It is proposed that the implementation of Source Sustainability Plan will be part of the project and will interalia include measures like sub-surface dykes; a combination of sub-surface dyke and check dam; check dam; recharge pits; recharge shafts, community roof top rainwater harvesting systems, etc., Discontinuation of current unsustainable groundwater sources and creating a new water supply system based on nearest surface water sources, and continuation of existing sources, where feasible (ii) Minimizing water losses from pipelines by perfect jointing and alignments using appropriate techniques (PE pipes up to 150 mm dia joined by electro fusion couplers using on-site electro fusion welding, and all higher diameter pipes by on site butt welding) (iii) Designing the entire system to maintain optimal flow and terminal pressure, and optimising the overall energy usage (iv) Reducing the incidence of water borne diseases by providing 100% population including urban poor with potable water supplies (v) Improve water use efficiency and reduce water wastage at household level by recording and monitoring the water usage, and charging the consumers as per usage; due consideration to urban poor (vi) Minimize unaccounted for water (UFW) losses using district metered area approach with flow meter and pressure logging arrangements to identify and rectify the leaks, and unauthorized connections (vii) Using low-noise and energy efficient pumping systems

40. WATER SOURCE SELECTION AND SUSTAINIBILITY

1. Kothari

41. Selection of water source for Kothari town: The current water supply system in Kothri is completely groundwater based, and is not able to provide adequate supply. As per the municipality, of 8 tube wells drilled last year, 3 were dried up, and 5 are under operation. These tube wells are drilled very deep (500 feet, ~ 150 m) but due to limited yield, tube wells are operated only for about 10 hours a day. Given this situation, a surface source identification exercise was conducted during the project preparation.

42. The nearest surface water source is River Parvati, flowing at 4-5 km north of Kothri Town. This river is one of the main tributaries of River Chambal, part of the Yamuna River basin. However in view of the following reasons, Parvati River source is not considered dependable for Kothri water supply: (i) river is seasonal; carries significant flows during the monsoon, and in summers the river completely dries up; (ii) water flow in the river is reduced significantly by upstream dams; (iii) information from the upstream towns (Astha and other towns and villages), which are sourcing water from the Astha, indicate very low yield during the summers.

43. Hence, it is recommended to continue the groundwater source for Kothri water supply. However given the low yield of existing tube wells and frequent failures, a groundwater study has been commissioned as part of the project preparation and an experienced hydrogeologist was engaged to conduct the study with an objective to identify 7 new locations for groundwater abstraction in Kothri town. A summary of the ground water study is given in the following paragraphs.

44. Groundwater Study methodology. Study was conducted at two stages: one, to identify areas of interest (or target areas) in the study area, and two, to conduct detailed exploration of target areas. Groundwater behavior in the region is quite erratic and the distribution of groundwater resources is not uniform. Moreover the areas of high groundwater potential are highly localized. Such areas are isolated on the basis of remote sensing studies and were subject to further detailed exploration by surface geophysical methods.

45. Findings & Recommendations of the study. Following are the findings and recommendations of the study for Kothari town.

(i) The entire study area is occupied by Deccan traps on the surface and the weathering/alteration products of the Deccan Trap Basalts such as shallow and deep soils, black cotton soils, yellow soils, weathered basalts occupy the top layer of the lithological cross section.

(ii) The drainage in the area is controlled by geomorphology and lithology of basalts resulting into Sub-dendritic and Trellis drainage pattern due to large scale fracture patterns.

(iii) Hydrogeology:

(a) Vindhyan system. The area has presence of rocks belonging to Vindhyan system at a depth of 50 to 65 m overlain by Deccan Traps. The Vindhyans are composed of Sandstone and Quartzitic Sandstone, which are generally poor aquifers. However, these formations when subjected to weathering and with the presence of joints and fractures form moderately yielding aquifers with yields of 1 to 2 liters per second (lps).

(b) Deccan Trap formations. The Deccan Traps occupy entire area at the top followed by Vindhyans. The main aquifer systems in the formation are the weathered and vesicular zones, flow contacts, jointed and fractured zones. The groundwater occurs mainly under confined conditions due to presence of alternate layers of massive and vesicular basalts. The red bole horizons present at lava flow contacts are generally act as semi-confining layers in the deep aquifers. The yield expected from tube wells in this formation varies from 1 to 5 lps. The groundwater behavior in Deccan Traps is highly erratic because of high degree of vertical and horizontal lithological properties of the Basalts.

(c) Alluvium. Alluvial area in the region occurs mainly along Parvati River with extensive thickness at certain places. Alluvium is also found along the rivulets, streams that are tributaries of Parvati, though the thickness of such alluvium is only up to 1 to 2 m. Because of non-perennial flow of water in these tributaries the groundwater or subsoil water potential of the alluvium horizon is not very good. However at certain places where thickness of alluvium exceeds 6 to 7 m, the subsoil water may persist up to a significant time after monsoon and may support the Rabi crops, though it may not be sustainable for round the area drinking water supply to the town.

(iv) Based on the interpretation of satellite data, 14 arears were identified as areas of interest, and based on the land ownership and location (within the municipal boundary, and accessibility considerations) 7 areas are selected for geophysical investigations. (v) Resistivity surveys were conducted at these 7 areas using Schlumberger Electrode Configuration, and 7 points for tube wells have been identified. Following are the interpretationsfrom the exploration study:

(a) There are two distinct aquifer zones at site, first at depths varying from 16 to 28 m, and second one from 50 to 60 m onwards. (b) The thickness of over burden at the top, constituted by weathering/alteration products of Basalts from ground level to the top of bed rock is varying from 9 to 18 m. (c) The principle aquifers in the area are constituted by Vesicular Basalts and fractured zones in Basalts and inferred Sedimentaries at a depth and beyond, with varying thickness of 5 m onwards. (d) Saturation levels are found more in second aquifer at moderate depths of 50 m onwards. A shallow depth aquifer constituted by weathered Basalts also is present in the area, but that however is dry at present, though being a favorable recharge response target. (e) Presence of Red Boles is indicated is almost the entire area, at a depth of around 50 to 60 m varying from place to place.

S. Recommended points for tube wells Tube Well Depth Yield Expected No Recommended 1 R-2 (lat 23o 03’ 54.2” – long 76o 51’ 1.9”) 90 m 2400 gallons/hour 2 R-3 (lat 23o 04’ 8.9” – long 76o 49’ 53.8”) 90 m 3600 gallons/hour 3 R-5 (lat 23o 04’ 25.3” – long 76o 51’ 36.2”) 90 m 2400 gallons/hour 4 R-6 (lat 23o 04’ 29.3” – long 76o 49’ 36.1”) 90 m 3600 gallons/hour 5 R-7 (lat 23o 04’ 48.7” – long 76o 49’ 18.6”) 90 m 3600 gallons/hour 6 R-8 (lat 23o 04’ 57.9” – long 76o 49’ 16”) 90 m 3600 gallons/hour 7 R-10 (lat 23o 04’ 22” – long 76o 49’ 42.2”) 90 m 2400 gallons/hour

46. Study also made various observations on the current groundwater situation and recommended various measures for source sustainability and groundwater quality. These are as follows:

(i) CGWB1 has classified Astha block of Sehore district, in which Kothari town is located, as semi critical2 meaning that the groundwater development is more than 70%3. Therefore suitable measures for groundwater recharge have to be taken up. (ii) Create an inventory of all groundwater sources in the municipality (existing and proposed) (iii) Suitable measures to be taken to prevent contamination of water sources; cement sealing and

1Ground Water Information Booklet; Sehore District, CGWB, Bhopal 2013 2 CGWB assesses the ground water resources in units (i.e blocks/ talukas/ watersheds). These assessment units are categorized for ground water development based on two criteria - a) stage of ground water development, and b) long-term of pre and post monsoon water levels. There are four categories, namely - 'Safe' areas (70% groundwater development) which have ground water potential for development; 'Semi-critical' areas (70%- 90%) where cautious groundwater development is recommended; 'Critical' areas (90%-100%); and 'Over- exploited' areas (above 100%), where there should be intensive monitoring and evaluation and future ground development be linked with water conservation measures. 3During IEE, the CGWB booklet (2013) of Sehore district was reviewed and observed that the groundwater development is at 89%, which is almost at critical stage (i.e. 90%-100%). For critical areas, CGWB recommends intensive monitoring and evaluation and links the future ground water abstraction with water conservation measures.

length of casing pipe is to be included in the design. Suitable provisions should be made for lining of drains and prevention and chocking / overflow / lateral and vertical seepage. (iv) Proper monitoring groundwater withdrawal to be conducted; all the tube wells should be fitted with flow meters. Piezometers should be constructed at suitable locations to identify ground water aquifer zones. (v) A detailed study of hydrogeology, land use and geomorphology of the region should be conducted and source sustainability plan should be prepared incorporating the water cycle of KNP area, the water budget, and the groundwater assessment. (vi) Following sustainability structures are suggested: sub-surface dyke; a combination of sub- surface dyke and check dam; check dam; recharge pits; recharge shafts, community roof top rainwater harvesting systems. However, it is highly recommended that these structurers, their design and location, must be finalized after a thorough study of groundwater conditions of the area and must be as per the sustainability plan of the KNP. (vii) Conjunctive use of ground and surface water must be promoted

47. Groundwater Sustainability. Overexploitation of groundwater resources i.e. abstracting more than the net annual ground water available in the area will lead to several environmental and economic issues. Abstracting water from static water resources may lead to contamination due to geo-hydro chemical processes, and may also lead to land subsidence. Tube wells will dry up quickly, with falling water table pumping costs will go up, and the effect on competing uses can cause social conflicts.

48. Given that there is no reliable surface water source in the proximity of the town, even though groundwater development in the project area is already in critical stage as per the groundwater development, it is proposed to continue the groundwater as source of water supply. The present groundwater development is at 89%, and the groundwater is the only source of water in the region for agricultural and domestic purposes. CGWB cautions use of groundwater resource over 90% of net available resources, and recommends linking water abstraction in these areas to water conservation measures like augmenting groundwater recharge through artificial measures.

49. The location of tube wells are identified through a scientific groundwater study, and therefore it is most likely that the yield will be as estimated by the study. The groundwater yield will however depend solely on the annual rainfall. Given the climate change effects, the rainfall is becoming more erratic and unpredictable, combined with increasing frequency of extreme weather events. The project should therefore account for these.

50. The groundwater study recommends a further detailed study to look into groundwater sustainability and to suggest various measures as detailed above in the para 74. Implementation of these measures is crucial for sustainability of this water supply project and therefore should be integrated into the project implementation.

51. Besides the above, the following measures are suggested for consideration during the detailed study and implementation appropriately:

• All the proposed tube wells are located in along a seasonal stream. The groundwater recharge occurs mainly from the flowing stream, and partly from agricultural field. The recharge will increase the water is retained in the stream for more time. Construction of a series small check dams in the stream (say at every 500 m or as appropriate) will ensure water retention thereby augmenting the groundwater recharge. Check dams can be constructed with locally available material (say stone masonry or soil), and the height of which shall be limited, so that water inundation is confined to the stream section itself. No water abstraction directly from the storage shall be allowed. • Creation of recharge shafts in the stream body. This will involve creation of bore hole of appropriate depth and of larger size and filled with filler material (like gravel, aggregate). This will augment the recharge.

• Creation of artificial recharge pits in public places / public buildings. Local body can issue a notification to this effect. • Household level artificial recharge (like roof top rainwater harvesting) should be encouraged. • Groundwater regulation – all the tube wells in houses in Kothari to be discontinued in a phased manner once the project is implemented.

52. Groundwater quality. The existing groundwater shows the presence of (i) nitrates at a concentration nearing the prescribed limit (30-44 mgh/l while the prescribed limit is at 45 mg/l), and (ii) bacteriological contamination. Nitrate pollution can be attributed to sewage disposal including human excreta, animal wastes and runoff from agricultural areas. Bacteriological contamination can be directly linked to indiscriminate sewage disposal and the leaching of leachates from latrine pits, open defecation etc. Detailed study proposed in the above paragraph also includes a source protection plan. Measures as suggested by the study should be included in the project. Besides, the groundwater study also recommends the following measures for construction of tube wells, which needs to be included in the project design:

• The annular space between the casing pipe and the wall of the bore well must be sealed with cement slurry in order to prevent groundwater contamination • A 1m x 1m x 1m concrete block is to be constructed around the exposed casing pipe above the surface. The block will be 50 cm above the ground and 50 cm below the ground to holdfast the casing pipe. • The top of the casing pipe should be at least 90 cm above the ground or above the reported HFL of the site, whichever is higher. • Suitable measures to be taken to prevent contamination of source since the water quality may be impacted by untreated sewage flowing nearby; suitable provisions should be made for lining of drains and prevention and chocking / overflow / lateral and vertical seepage. • In addition to the above, measures should be taken to control the open defecation, and to close all unsafe latrines (for example pit latrines). • Awareness programs shall be conducted regarding the sanitation practices and its effect on groundwater quality

Table 8: Groundwater Quality for Kothari (2015) and Water quality for Kurawar town

Parameter Tubewell HP TW,W HP Kurawar Boda Drinking Anganwadi Anganwa ardno Tipakher water Kothari di town 15Ne iwardno standards Kothari arnall 15 * Temperature,oC 28 28 28 28 28.2 28.2 - Turbidity,NTU 1.4 9.5 1.2 6.9 17 17 5-10 Color,Hazenunit Nil Nil N Nil Nil Nil 5-25 pH 7.4 7.2 7 7.4 7.5 7.5 6.5-8.5

Electrical 983 972 881 722 235 235 750–2000 conductivity (µs/cm)

Total 148 148 500-2000 548 544 492 404 dissolved solids(mg/l) Total 300 302.1 256.6 231 110 110 - alkalinity(mg/l) Chlorides as 75.9 67.4 6 36.4 14 14 250-1000 Cl(mg/l) 8

Total hardness 460 40 2 305 100 100 300-600 as 0 3 CaCO3(mg/l) 5 Calcium(mg/l) 122 130 88 92 60 60 75-200 Magnesium(mg/l 37.2 18 3.6 18 40 40 30-100 )

Iron(mg/l) Nil 0.64 0.02 0.21 0.03 0.03 0.3–1 Manganese(mg/l 0.01 0.0 0.01 0.04 Nil Nil - Fluoride(mg/l) 0.07 0.0 0 0.06 Nil Nil 1-1.5 4 Nitrate(mg/l) 30 44. 3 21.2 Nil Nil 45 Sulphates (mg/l) 17.01 17.1 16.5 16 11.8 11.8 200-400 Total 1600 1600 10 190 Nil Ni Nil Thermo Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil - tolerant coliform/100ml

Source:Sampling survey 2015 by PPTA Team;samples collected from tubewells,and design consultant team for Kothari and Boda * standards prescribelower andhigher values for parameters ,except pH;lower value is the ‘desirable limit ’while higher valuei s the permissible limit in theabsenceofalternatesource’;thereisonlylowervalueforparameterswhichhavenorelaxation.

2. KURAWAR TOWN

53. Selection of water source for Kurawar Town

(i) Extracting Ground Water (ii) Parbati River (iii) Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam

54. Other than these three options, there is not water body nearby the Kurawar town to consider as a water source for proposed Water Supply Scheme of town. Ground water level in Kurawar is very low to supply the water in Town. Pārbati river is generally dry in summer season, so found not adequate to as water source. Kurawar Chain Sagar is found adequate source for Kurawar Water Supply Scheme due to its adequacy in terms of quality as well quantity. After water analysis of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam, it is found that all the parameter is beyond the drinking water standard.

55. Ground Water as a Source Presently only 0.60 MLD of water is being supplied through ground sources like 6 nos of tube wells, 40 nos of Hand Pumps & 1 no of open well. These entire sources are giving very less yield. Based on the available data the present tube wells may supply water to the town at the tune of maximum 0.27 MLD. Below data / graphs from the Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources andRural Development shows that water table in the Rajgarh Tehsil is the lowest in the district and going down day by day.

Figure16:- Graph Showing Ground Water Depth for Rajgarh Tehsil during Various Seasons of Year

Groundwater quality in the district is fresh to saline with EC value ranges from 435 to 2120 μs/cm at 250C. Nitrate was observed in the range of 12 to 276 mg/l whereas fluoride ranges From 0.02 to 5.59 mg/l.

Depth of Pre-monsoon Water Levels in Rajgarh District

Depth of Post-monsoon Water Levels in Rajgarh District

56. Parbati River; Parbati River is a river in Madhya Pradesh, India that flows into the Chambal River. The riverrises at a height of 610 m in the Vindhya Range and runs for 436 km. It is one of the ChambalRiver's three main tributaries, along with the Banas River and the Kali Sindh River.It originates from the northern slopes of Vindhan Range in Madhya Pradesh and enters inRajasthan in Kota where it meets Chambal.Parbati River dried in the month of December every year. Also the depth of river bed is notthat big where we can store sufficient water to fulfil the water demand of Kurawar town.Hence it is Parbati River is not considered as a water source

57. Kunwar Chain Sagar (Dudhi) Dam as a Source;The Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam is one of the major dams in Narsinghgarh district. This damwas constructed under Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project of Govt. of India initiative with World Bank Funding. The name Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam was given by the Government of Madhya Pradesh after the name of Maharaj Kunwar Chain Singhji of Narsinghgarh. He was the youngest ruler in India who fights against East India Company in1824.

58. Quality Assurance of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam; Since water quality test for deciding source to be taken as water source, it is proved to be good source based on the water sample test reports obtained from recognized PHED Labouratory, Bhopal (report enclosed in Annexure – 11.1). The basic parameters of quality of raw water are proved to be good since pH is 7.5 which is well within the permissible limit of6.5 to 8.5 (said to Excellent Source), total Chlorides found is 14 mg/ltr which is around 50mg/lit (said to Excellent Source) and Fluoride found is nil which is less than 1 mg/ltr

(said toExcellent Source), Nitrates found is nil which is much less than the permissible limits of 45mg/ltr (said to Excellent Source).

59. Water Quantity Security; For the Kurawar town, the demand of water supply for the year 2018, 2033 & 2048 are estimated to the tune of 3.20 MLD, 4.50 MLD & 6.40 MLD respectively. Thus maximum of 6.40 MLD intake form the source per annum i.e. 2336 ML (2.336 MCM) of drawl of water isto be ensured. Annual average recoupment of water in the tank every year is around 45.50MCM. Gross storage capacity is 26.66 MCM, Dead storage capacity is 5.85 MCM and Live storage is 20.81 MCM. The dam is around 21.00 km away from Kurawar town. Salient features of Dam are given in (Appendix 1).

60. Availability of Power:-Only pump house come store room is proposed to be constructed near WRD guest house. An11 KVA electricity transmission line having 24 hour electricity supply is available near Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam. It is proposed to take electrical supply from the same line which is around 1 Km away from dam. Correspondence with MPEB has been initiated for getting the permission for trapping the desired power from the line.

Figure 17. Satellite View of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam

61. Selection of water sourceBoda Town (i) Extracting Ground Water (ii) Utavali River in the Boda Town (iii) Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam

62. Other than these three options, there is not water body nearby the Boda town to consider as a water source for proposed Water Supply Scheme of town. Kunwar Chain Singh Sagar Dam is selected as adequate source for supplying water in Boda town. Ground water level in Boda is very low to supply the water in Town. Utavali river is generally dry in summer season, so found not adequate to as water source.

63. Ground Water as a Source; Presently only 0.46 MLD of water is being supplied through ground sources like 4 nos of tube wells, 30 nos of Hand Pumps &1 no of open well. These entire sources are giving very less yield. Based on the available data the present tube wells may supply water to the town at the tune of maximum 0.25 MLD. Above data / graphs from the Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development shows that water table in the Boda Tehsil for last 18 years.

64. Utavali River in Boda; Utavali River is not a perennial river. Rain water around the Boda town is flowing throughthe Utavali and river. Utavali River mostly flows in the rainy season and remains dry almost8 months of a year. River bed is almost flat, hence is it not possible to construct barrage ordam to store the water for Boda. There is no assurance to getting the 100% water demand of Boda town during the entire year. The entire waste water from Boda town is passing through the Utavali River.

View of Utavali River View of Utavali River

65. Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam as a Source 66. Quality Assurance of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam:Since water quality test for deciding source to be taken as water source, it is proved to be good source based on the water sample test reports obtained from recognized PHED Labouratory, Bhopal (report enclosed in Annexure – 11.1). The basic parameters of quality of raw water are proved to be good since pH is 7.5 which is well within the permissible limit of 6.5 to 8.5 (said to Excellent Source), total Chlorides found is 14 mg/ltr which is around 50 mg/lit (said to Excellent Source) and Fluoride found is nil which is less than 1 mg/ltr (said to Excellent Source), Nitrates found is nil which is much less than the permissible limits of 45 mg/ltr (said to Excellent Source).

67. Water Quantity Security; For the Boda town, the demand of water supply for the year 2018, 2033 & 2048 are estimatedto the tune of 1.00 MLD, 1.20 MLD&1.40 MLD respectively. Thus maximum of 1.50MLDintake form the source per annum i.e. 550 ML (0.55 MCM) of drawl of water is to beensured. Annual average recoupment of water in the tank every year is around 45.50 MCM., Dead storage capacity is 5.85 MCM and live storage is 20.81 MCM.The dam is around 21.00 km away from Kurawar town. Salient features of Dam are also given in (Appendix 1).The dam is around 12.00 km away from Boda town.

68. Availability of Power: Only pump house come store room is proposed to be constructed near WRD guest house.An11 KVA electricity transmission line having 24 hour electricity supply is available near Kunwar Singh Sagar Dam. It is proposed to take electrical supply from the same line which is around 1 Km away from dam. Correspondence with MPEB has been initiated for getting the permission for trapping the desired power from the line.

Based on above study it has been decided to go for Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam as a water source for kurawar and Boda Water Supply Scheme.

69. Use of Chlorine as disinfectant. It is proposed to install electronically controlled chlorination units that produce chlorine from common salt. As the chlorine is produced in small quantities as required during operation, no significant risk is envisaged, however, the following measures should be followed:

• Personal protection and safety equipment for the operators in the chlorine plant • Provide training to the staff in safe handling and application of chlorine • Supplier of Chlorinator equipment shall provide standard operating manual for safe operation and as well as maintenance and repairs

70. Utilities. Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water lines within the proposed project locations may require to be shifted in few cases. To mitigate the adverse impacts due to relocation of the utilities, the contractor, in collaboration with ULB will (i) identify the locations and operators of these utilities to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; and (ii) instruct construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services.

71. Site selection of construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas. Priority is to locate these near the project location. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. Residential areas will not be considered for setting up construction camps to protect the human environment (i.e., to curb accident risks, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime). Extreme care will be taken to avoid disposals near forest areas, water bodies, or in areas which will inconvenience the community.

72. Site selection of sources of materials. Significant quantities of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate will be required for construction works. Requirement of gravel is limited. Contractor should procure these materials only from the quarries permitted/licensed by Mines and Geology Department. Contractor should, to the maximum extent possible, procure material from existing quarries, and creation of new quarry areas should be avoid as far as possible. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibility to verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of Department of Mines & Geology and local revenue administration.

E. Construction Impacts

73. Pipe line laying works. Civil works in the project include linear excavation for laying pipes along the roads, placing pipes in the trench and refilling with the excavated soil. The trenches will be of 0.4 m – 0.7 m wide and 0.8 to 1.0 m depth. Subsequent to completion of works, road reinstatement will be undertaken by the contractor as part of the civil works. The roads in the core city area of both the towns are very narrow and congested with pedestrians and vehicles, while the roads in outer areas are wide.

74. Earth work excavation will be undertaken by mostly manually due to narrow roads. Pipe laying works will include laying pipes at required gradient, fixing collars, elbows, tees, bends and other fittings including conveying the material to work spot and testing for water tightness. Sufficient care will be taken while laying so that existing utilities and cables are not damaged and pipes are not thrown into the trenches or dragged, but carefully laid in the trenches. As trenches are a maximum of 1 m deep, there is no risk of collapse of trenches or risk to surrounding buildings. Once they are laid, pipes will be joined as per specification and then tested for any cracks of leakages. The minimum working hours will

be 8 hours daily, the total duration of each stage depends on the soil condition and other local features. About 95% of the excavated soil will be used for refilling the refilling the trench after placing the pipe and therefore residual soil after pipe laying and refilling is not significant. This soil shall be used for construction work at other sites.

75. Although construction of these project components involves quite simple techniques of civil work, the invasive nature of excavation and the project locations in the built-up areas of the town where there are a variety of human activities, will result in impacts to the environment and sensitive receptors such as residents, businesses, and the community in general. These anticipated impacts are temporary and for short duration.

76. Pipeline on the bank of Kothari stream will be laid by manually excavating the trench, and placing and jointing the pipe, and refilling the trench. No trees of more than 10 cm girth size will be removed for placing the pipe. As the flexible PE pipe is proposed, alignment will be modified locally where required to avoid trees and private lands.

Table 9: Environmental component to be affected Field Rationale Topography, Soils, and Geology Activities are not large enough to affect these features.

Climate Activities are not large enough to affect this feature. Air Quality Short-term production of dust is the only effect on atmosphere Groundwater Activities will not be large enough to affect these features Flora and Fauna No rare or endangered species in the landfill site. Economic Development Activities are not large enough to permanently affect this feature. Land Use No change in land use.

Socio-economic Subproject site is located entirely on government- owned land so there is no need to acquire land from private owners Commerce, Industry, and Agriculture Activities are not large enough to affect these features Population Activities are not large enough to affect this feature. Health and education facilities Activities are not large enough to affect this feature.

77. Other construction works. Other civil works in the subproject include construction of tube wells, water tanks, installation of chlorination units, pumping stations, at the identified sites. These works will be confined to sites, and construction will include general activities like excavation for foundation, construction of foundations, columns, walls and roof in cement concrete and masonry, and fixing of mechanical and electrical fixtures, etc. Tube wells will be constructed using a small drilling rig (mounted on mobile truck) to make small tunnel vertically down into the aquifer, into which lengths of 400-500 mm diameter PE pipe are gradually inserted.

78. Sources of Materials. Significant amount of sand and coarse aggregate will be required for this project. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Use material sources permitted by government; • Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of PIU; and • Submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials.

79. Air Quality. Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality in the construction sites. Anticipated impacts include dusts and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons. These however will be temporary ,limiting to construction activities only. To mitigate the impacts, construction contractors will be required to:

• Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled material on site by water sprinkling; • Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; • Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site • Disallow access in the work area except workers to limit soil disturbance and prevent access by barricading and security personnel • Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operating correctly

80. Surface Water Quality. Run-off from stockpiled materials and chemical contamination from fuels and lubricants during construction works can contaminate downstream surface water quality of the streams. As the rainfall in the project areas is mostly confined to monsoon, these potential impacts are short-term and temporary. However, to ensure that these are mitigated, construction contractor will be required to:

• All earthworks be conducted during the dry season to prevent the problem of soil run-off during monsoon season; • Pipeline works along Kothari stream shall be conducted during the no flow period. All the works should be completed including proper refilling and consolidation of refilled trench and site restoration prior to onset of monsoon in June. • Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; • Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, only designated disposal areas shall be used; • Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; • Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; • Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and • Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

81. Generation of Construction Wastes. Solid wastes generated from the construction activities are excess excavated earth (spoils), discarded construction materials, cement bags, wood, steel, oils, fuels and other similar items. Domestic solid wastes may also be generated from the workers’ camp. Improper waste management could cause odor and vermin problems, pollution and flow obstruction of nearby watercourses and could negatively impact the landscape. The following mitigation measures to minimize impacts from waste generation shall be implemented by the contractor:

• Prepare and implement a Construction Waste Management Plan • Stockpiles, lubricants, fuels, and other materials should be located away from steep slopes and water bodies;

• Avoid stockpiling any excess spoils. Excess excavated soils should be dispose to approved designated areas; • Domestic solid wastes should be properly segregated in biodegradable and non-biodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site; • Residual and hazardous wastes such as oils, fuels, and lubricants shall be disposed in disposal sites approved by local authorities; • Prohibit burning of construction and domestic waste; • Ensure that wastes are not haphazardly dumped within the project site and adjacent areas. • Get approval of PIU in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work.

82. Noise and Vibration Levels. Drilling tube wells will produce noise and vibration in considerable levels, the noise generation may be in the range of 85 – 98 dBA, which is damaging to human ear if experienced for long period. Of the 7 tube well points, 4 are located far from habitations 2 are located in proximity to the town (there are houses at about 50 m from the selected point). Increase in noise level may be also caused by excavation, particularly breaking of cement concrete or bitumen roads, operation of construction equipment like concrete mixers. Vibration generated from construction activity, for instance from the use of pneumatic drills, will have impact on nearby buildings and monuments. This impact is negative but short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Plan activities in consultation with PIU so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; • Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; • Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimize sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and • Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. • Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; • Provide personal protection equipment (ear plugs) to the rig operators and other staff engaged in supervision of rig

83. Surface and Groundwater Quality. Another physical impact that is often associated with excavation is the effect on drainage and the local water table if groundwater and surface water collect in the voids. In Kothari groundwater is deeper than the proposed excavation depths, and rains are limited to monsoon. However, to ensure that water will not pond in pits and voids near project location, the construction contractor will be required to conduct excavation works in non-monsoon season to the maximum extent possible. Drilling operation for tube well construction will generate a slurry material (water mixed with clay/earth). This material should be disposed in the following manner:

• Hold the slurry material in a temporary ditch for some time to allow sedimentation of solids, and dispose the clear water in the stream. • Dispose appropriately or use the solid material in construction

84. Accessibility. Excavation along the roads, hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site can cause traffic problems. Roads in the core/old town areas of Kothari are very narrow. However, most of the roads are used by pedestrians, bicycles and two wheelers. Four wheelers vehicles are very limited. Potential impact is negative but short term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Confine work areas along the roads to the minimum possible extent; all the activities, including

material & waste/surplus soil stocking should be confined to this area. Proper barricading should be provided; avoid material/surplus soil stocking in congested areas – immediately removed from site/ or brought to the as and when required • Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; • Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; • Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; • Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; • Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; • Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; • Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; • Coordinate with Traffic Police for temporary road diversions, where necessary, and for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours • Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.

85. Wherever road width is minimal, there will be temporary loss of access to pedestrians and vehicular traffic including 2 wheelers during the laying of pipes. Under those circumstances, contractor shall adopt following measures:

• Inform the affected local population 1-week in advance about the work schedule • Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum. • Provide pedestrian access in all the locations until normalcy is restored. Provide wooden/metal planks over the open trenches at each house to maintain the access.

86. Socio-Economic – Income. The project components will be located in government land and there is no requirement for land acquisition or any resettlement. Construction works will impede the access of residents to specific site in limited cases. The potential impacts are negative and moderate but short-term and temporary. The construction contractor will be required to: • Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; • Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; • Increase workforce in the areas with predominantly institutions, place of worship, business establishment, hospitals, and schools; • Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and • Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. • Notify community/ water users in advance about likely interruptions in water supply. • Provide alternate sources of clean water until water supply is restored.

87. Tube well site at R7 is not accessible to vehicle. It is located at about 100 m from the nearby access road. The rig should access this site through agricultural fields only, which may damage the standing crops. Following measures should be implemented:

• Construct tube well only after the harvesting season, when there is no standing crop in the adjacent fields • If there is any damage to crops or trees, it shall be compensated as per the resettlement framework

88. Socio-Economic – Employment. Manpower will be required during the 24-months

construction stage. This can result in generation of temporary employment and increase in local revenue. Thus potential impact is positive and long-term. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Employ at least 50% of the labour force, or to the maximum extent; and

89. Occupational Health and Safety. Workers need to be mindful of the occupational hazards which can arise from working in height and excavation works. Potential impacts are negative and long- term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Comply with all national, state and local labour laws (see Appendix 7); • Implement site-specific occupational health and safety (OH&S) measures including: (a) prevent entry of public into construction sites; (b) ensue all workers are provided with and use personal protective equipment; (c) OH&S Training4 for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; • Ensure that qualified first-aid is provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; • Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; • Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; • Provide supplies of potable drinking water; • Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; • Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; • Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; • Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; • Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; • Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and • Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively.

90. Community Health and Safety. Hazards posed to the public, specifically in high-pedestrian areas may include traffic accidents and vehicle collision with pedestrians. Potential impact is negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities. • Liaise with PIU in identifying risk areas on route cards/maps. • Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. • Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of on-going trenching activities.

4 Some of the key areas that may be covered during training as they relate to the primary causes of accidents include (i) slips, trips and falls; (ii) personal protective equipment; (iii) ergonomics, repetitive motion, and manual handling; (iv) workplace transport; and (v) legislation and responsibilities. Training can provide the foundations of competence but it does not necessarily result in a competent worker. Therefore, it is essential to assess staff competence to ensure that the training provided is relevant and effective. Supervision and monitoring arrangements shall be in place to ensure that training has been effective and the worker is competent at their job. The level of supervision and monitoring required is a management decision that shall be based on the risks associated with the job, the level of competence required, the experience of the individual and whether the worker works as part of a team or is a lone worker.

91. Central parts of the towns are characterized by narrow roads and some of which are accessible only by foot/two wheelers. Besides impeding the access, the trench excavation and pipe laying will pose safety risks to pedestrians, and the people living in these areas. Though the width (~400 mm) and depth (~700 mm) of trench is minimal, it will pose safety risk, especially for children and elders The construction contractor will be required to:

• Provide prior information to the local people about the nature and duration of work • Conduct awareness program on safety during the construction work • Undertake the construction work stretch-wise; excavation, pipe laying and trench refilling should be completed on the same day • Provide barricades, and deploy security personnel to ensure safe movement of people and also to prevent unnecessary entry and to avoid accidental fall into open trenches

92. Work Camps. Operation of work camps can cause temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants. Potential impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

• Consult PIU before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; • Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; • Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities for employees; • Ensure conditions of liveability at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times; • Prohibit workers from hunting wild animals and cutting of trees for firewood; • Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; • Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; • Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; • Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and • Confirm to PMU report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

93. Debris disposal. Prior to the commencement of works, contractor shall identify a debris disposal site in consultation with the PIU and adhering to following criteria:

• The site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, top-soil stripping, stacking and preservation should be undertaken prior to initiation of any activities. • Debris disposal site shall be at least 200 m away from surface water bodies5. • No residential areas shall be located within 100 m downwind side of the site. • The site is minimum 250 m. away from sensitive locations like hospitals, religious places, ponds/lakes or other water bodies. • The local governing body and community shall be consulted while selecting the site.

F. Operation and Maintenance Impacts

94. Operation and Maintenance of the water supply system will be carried out by KNP directly or through an external operator. During the system design life (15/30 years for mechanical/civil

5In the absence of site meeting the stipulated criteria, an alternate site can be selected specifying the reasons. In such a case, the construction camp management plan should incorporate additional measures specific to the site as suggested by the Construction Manager.

components) it shall not require major repairs or refurbishments and should operate with little maintenance beyond routine actions required to keep the equipment in working order. The stability and integrity of the system will be monitored periodically to detect any problems and allow remedial action if required. Any repairs will be small-scale involving manual, temporary, and short-term works involving regular checking and recording of performance for signs of deterioration, servicing and replacement of parts.

95. Recurrence of pipe bursting and leakage problems can be managed by the leak detection and water auditing surveys. The ULB will be required to ensure that the leak detection and rectification time is minimized.

96. Regular groundwater monitoring to be conducted to ensure the quality of groundwater suitable for drinking after disinfection. If the groundwater quality is deteriorated, the immediate steps to be taken to change the source or creating appropriate treatment facilities.

97. The citizens of Kothari, Kurawar and Boda towns will be the major beneficiaries of the improved water supply system, as they will be provided with a constant supply of better quality water, piped into their homes at an appropriate pressure. The project will improve the over-all health condition of the town as water borne diseases will be reduced, so people should spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health. This should also improve the environment of these areas, should deliver major improvements in individual and community health and well-being.

VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

A. Overview

98. The active participation of stakeholders including local community, NGOs/CBOs, and the media in all stages of project preparation and implementation is essential for successful implementation of the project. It will ensure that the subprojects are designed, constructed, and operated with utmost consideration to local needs, ensures community acceptance, and will bring maximum benefits to the people. Public consultation and information disclosure is a must as per the ADB policy.

99. Most of the main stakeholders have already been identified and consulted during preparation of this IEE, and any others that are identified during project implementation will be brought into the process in the future. Primary stakeholders of the subproject are: residents, shopkeepers, farmers and businesspeople who live and work alongside the roads in which network improvements will be provided and near sites where facilities will be built (tube wells and water tanks), and government and utility agencies responsible for provision of services in Kothari, Kurawar and Boda and Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board. Secondary stakeholder are: NGOs and CBOs working in the area, community representatives, beneficiary community in general, government agencies, the executing and implementing agencies (MPUDC, PMU and PIUs), Government of India and the ADB.

B. Public Consultation

100. The public consultation and disclosure program is a continuous process throughout the project implementation, including project planning, design and construction.

1. Consultation during Project Preparation

101. Institutional consultations were conducted with the Governmental Departments such as PMU, Pollution Control Board and Public Health Engineering Department, etc. The project proposal is formulated in consultation with KNP and Kurawar, Boda parishads to suit the requirements of the ULB. On 21/Apr/2016 & 06/Jul/2016 Consultation held At Boda Nagar Parishad On 16/Apr/2016 & 21/Jul/2016 Consultation held At Kurawar Nagar Parishad

102. Focus-group discussions with affected persons and other stakeholders were conducted to learn their views and concerns. A socio economic household survey has been conducted in the town, covering sample households, to understand the household characteristics, health status, and the infrastructure service levels, and also the demand for infrastructure services. General public and the people residing along the project activity areas were also consulted during visits to the project sites. A consultation meeting was conducted in February 2016 with NGOs actively working in the district.

103. Given the existing poor water supply system, all the stakeholders totally welcomed the project and indicated their willingness to extend their cooperation for successful implementation of the project. Stakeholders believe that the proposed project will enhance the living standard of the public, and informed the project that lack of water supply is main reason for lack of toilets in the houses and thus prevalence of open defecation. Some of the stakeholder expressed their concerns on increasing water tariff above the affordable levels.

2. Consultation during construction

104. Prior to start of construction, ULB and PIU with the assistance of PDMC will conduct information dissemination sessions at various places and solicit the help of the local community, leaders/prominent for the project work. At each ward/neighborhood level, focus group meetings will be conducted to discuss and plan construction work with local communities to reduce disturbance and other impacts.

105. A constant communication will be established with the affected communities to redress the environmental issues likely to surface during construction phases and also regarding the grievance redress mechanism. ULB/PIU and PDMC will organize public meetings and will appraise the communities about the progress on the implementation of EMP. Meeting will also be organized at the potential hotspots/sensitive locations before and during the construction.

C. Information Disclosure

106. Executive summary of the IEE will be translated in Hindi and made available at the offices of PMU, PIU, Nagar Parishad offices, and also displayed on their notice boards. Hard copies of the IEE will be accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. Electronic version of the IEE in English and Executive Summary in Hindi will be placed in the official website of the MPUDC, PMU after approval of the IEE by Government and ADB. Stakeholders will also be made aware of grievance register and redress mechanism.

107. Public information campaigns to explain the project details to a wider population will be conducted. Public disclosure meetings will be conducted at key project stages to inform the public of progress and future plans. Prior to start of construction, the PMU/PIU will issue Notification on the start date of implementation in local newspapers A board showing the details of the project will be displayed at the construction site for the information of general public.

108. Local communities will be continuously consulted regarding location of construction camps, access and hauling routes and other likely disturbances during construction. The road closure together with the proposed detours will be communicated via advertising, pamphlets, radio broadcasts, road signage, etc.

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism

109. A program-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) shall be established to receive, evaluate, and facilitate the resolution of AP’s concerns, complaints, and grievances about the social and environmental performance at the level of the project. The following GRM provides a time-bound and transparent mechanism to voice and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to the project.

110. A common GRM will be in place for social, environmental, or any other grievances related to the project. The GRM will provide an accessible and trusted platform for receiving and facilitating resolution of affected persons’ grievances related to the program. The multi- tier GRM for the project is outlined below, each tier having time-bound schedules and with responsible persons identified to address grievances and seek appropriate persons’ advice at each stage, as required. ULB-wide public awareness campaigns will ensure that awareness on grievance redress procedures is generated through the campaign.

111. Who can complain: A complaint may be brought by persons who are, or could be, “directly, indirectly, materially, and adversely” affected by the project. A complaint can be submitted on behalf of the affected person/people by a representative, provided that he or she identifies the affected person/people and includes evidence of the authority to act on their behalf.

112. What the Grievance/Complain should contain: Any concerns pertaining to safeguard compliance - environment, involuntary resettlement, and indigenous people, design related issues, compensation, service delivery or any other issues or concerns related to the project. The complaint must contain name, date, address/contact details of the complainant, location of the problem area, along with the problem.

113. Where to file a Complaint: Complainants will have the flexibility of conveying grievances/suggestions by dropping grievance redress/suggestion forms in complaints/suggestion boxes to be installed by project at parishads office, PIU office or by e- mail or by writing in a complaints register in the PIU offices or at construction site offices.

114. How to file a Complaint: The application should be precise and specific. The application can be sent either by post or through electronic means or deliver personally. A sample grievance form is at Appendix 11.

(i) Offline System - The application can be made on the application form available at all accessible places (NPs/ Office of PIUs/ construction site offices). The application should have the name and complete postal address of the applicant.

(ii) Online System - Grievances pertaining to the implementation of the project can also be filed online at the website of MPUDC/PMU or by e-mails.

115. Documentation: Documentation of the complaints is important and must contain name of the complainant, date of receipt of the complaint, address/contact details of the person, location of the problem area, and how the problem was resolved. PMU with the support of PIU will have the overall responsibility for timely grievance redress, and for registration of grievances, related disclosure, and communication with the aggrieved party. All the documents made available to the public at the community level (at ward offices) and will include information on the contact number, address and contact person for registering grievances, and will be disseminated throughout the project area by the PIU.

116. Grievance/Problem Redress through Participatory Process: Efforts must be made by the PIU with the support of safeguard consultants to resolve problems amicably, conflicts through participatory process with the community and the KNP. In case of grievances that are immediate and urgent in the perception of the complainant, the Contractor, and supervision personnel from the PIU will provide the most easily accessible or first level of contact for the quick resolution of grievances. Contact phone numbers and names of the concerned staff and contractors, will be posted at all construction sites at visible locations.

117. Following process will be followed:

(i) 1st level grievance. In case of grievances that are immediate and urgent in the perception of the complainant, PMC supervising staff will direct the contractor to and ensures that it is resolved. If the grievance is not under the contractor scope, but under the program, PMC (field office) will resolve this issue. All the grievances should be resolved within 3 days of receipt of a complaint/grievance.

(ii) 2nd level grievance. All grievances that cannot be redressed at first level within 3 days will be brought to the notice of PIU and PMC Assistant Environmental Specialist. PIU will review the grievance and act appropriately to resolve it within 10 days of receipt.

(iii) 3rd level grievance. All the grievances that are not addressed at 2nd level by PIU within in 10 days of receipt will be brought to the notice of notice of the Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC)6. GRC will meet twice a month and determine the merit of each grievance brought to the committee. The GRC will resolve the grievance within 1 month of receiving the complaint. All decisions taken by the GRC will be communicated to complainant by the Nodal Officer.

118. The project GRM notwithstanding, an aggrieved person shall have access to the country's legal system at any stage, and accessing the country's legal system can run parallel to accessing the GRM and is not dependent on the negative outcome of the GRM. Alternatively, if the grievance is related to land acquisition, resettlement & rehabilitation7, the APs can approach the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority (LARRA) of Madhya Pradesh, established under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013.

119. Record-keeping. PIU will keep records of grievances received, corrective actions taken and the final outcome. The number of grievances recorded and resolved and the outcomes will be displayed/disclosed in the PIU office, ULB offices, and on the web.

6 Grievance redress committee (GRC) will be formed at town-level with members composed of: ULB Chairperson, ULB CMO, Environmental Specialist of PMC, PIU Dy.PM and PIU Community Development Officer. 7 the Authority admits grievance only with reference to the LA and R&R issues under the new Act

IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Environmental Management Plan

120. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels.

121. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between MPUDC, project management unit (PMU), project implementing unit (PIU), consultants and contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries.

122. The contractor will be required to submit to PIU, for review and approval, a site environmental plan (SEP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per SEP; and (iv) budget for SEP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEP.

123. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP included in the bid and contract documents. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.

124. For civil works, the contractor will be required to (i) carry out all of the mitigation and monitoring measures set forth in the approved SEP; and (ii) implement any corrective or preventative actions set out in safeguards monitoring reports that the employer will prepare from time to time to monitor implementation of this IEE and SEP. The contractor shall allocate budget for compliance with these SEP measures, requirements and actions.

125. The following tables show the potential environmental impacts, proposed mitigation measures and responsible agencies for implementation and monitoring.

Table 10: Design Stage Environmental Management Plan Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Implementation/ Source of Monitoring Funds Design of Unsustainable source • Conduct a detailed groundwater study and prepared a PMU to ensure Project water supply – depleting resource groundwater sustainability plan for Kothari to address the compliances Costs system and source groundwater sustainability issue. These measures are contamination • Discontinuation of current unsustainable groundwater source already included in the and creating new water supply system based on a nearest preliminary designs. surface water sources (kunwar chain Sagar Dam) for kurawar and Boda DBO Contractor • Implementation of Source Sustainability Plan will be part of (DBOC)to follow, the project and will inter alia include measures like sub- enhance where surface dykes; a combination of sub-surface dyke and check possible dam; check dam; recharge pits; recharge shafts, community roof top rainwater harvesting systems, etc., • All the proposed tube wells are located in along a seasonal stream. The groundwater recharge occurs mainly from the flowing stream, and partly from agricultural field. The recharge will increase the water is retained in the stream for more time. Construction of a series small check dams in the stream (say at every 500 m or as appropriate) will ensure water retention thereby augmenting the groundwater recharge. Check dams can be constructed with locally available material (say stone masonry or soil), and the height of which shall be limited, so that water inundation is confined to the stream section itself. No water abstraction directly from the storage shall be allowed. • Creation of recharge shafts in the stream body. This will involve creation of bore hole of appropriate depth and of larger size and filled with filler material (like gravel, aggregate). This will augment the recharge. • Creation of artificial recharge pits in public places / public buildings. Local body can issue a notification to this effect. • Household level artificial recharge (like roof top rainwater harvesting) should be encouraged. • Groundwater regulation – all the tube wells in houses in Kothri to be discontinued in a phased manner once the project is

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Implementation/ Source of Monitoring Funds implemented • Measures should be taken to control the open defecation, and to close all unsafe latrines (for example pit latrines). • Awareness programs shall be conducted regarding the sanitation practices and its effect on groundwater quality Design of Unsustainable source Following measures suggested by the groundwater study PMU Project water supply – depleting resource conducted in Kothari during PPTA, which should be implemented: Costs system and source • Suitable measures for groundwater recharge have to be taken contamination up. • Create an inventory of all groundwater sources in the municipality (existing and proposed) • Suitable measures to be taken to prevent contamination of water sources; cement sealing and length of casing pipe is to be included in the design. Suitable provisions should be made for lining of drains and prevention and chocking / overflow / lateral and vertical seepage. • Proper monitoring groundwater withdrawal to be conducted; all the tube wells should be fitted with flow meters. Piezometers should be constructed at suitable locations to identify ground water aquifer zones. • A detailed study of hydrogeology, land use and geomorphology of the region should be conducted and source sustainability plan should be prepared incorporating the water cycle of KNP area, the water budget, and the groundwater assessment. • Following sustainability structures are suggested: sub-surface dyke; a combination of sub-surface dyke and check dam; check dam; recharge pits; recharge shafts, community roof top rainwater harvesting systems. However, it is highly recommended that these structures, their design and location, must be finalized after a thorough study of groundwater conditions of the area and must be as per the sustainability plan of the KNP. • Conjunctive use of ground and surface water must be promoted • The annular space between the casing pipe and the wall of

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Implementation/ Source of Monitoring Funds the bore well must be sealed with cement slurry in order to prevent groundwater contamination • A 1m x 1m x 1m concrete block is to be constructed around the exposed casing pipe above the surface. The block will be 50 cm above the ground and 50 cm below the ground to holdfast the casing pipe. • The top of the casing pipe should be at least 90 cm above the ground or above the reported HFL of the site, whichever is higher. • Suitable measures to be taken to prevent contamination of source since the water quality may be impacted by untreated sewage flowing nearby; suitable provisions should be made for lining of drains and prevention and chocking / overflow / lateral and vertical seepage. • Sustainable measures for kurawar and Boda

Improper use of • Minimize water losses from pipelines by perfect jointing and resource and energy alignments using appropriate techniques (PE pipes up to 150 mm dia joined by electro fusion couplers using on-site electro fusion welding, and all higher diameter pipes by on site butt welding) • Design the entire system to maintain optimal flow and terminal pressure, and optimising the overall energy usage • Reducing the incidence of water borne diseases by providing 100% population including urban poor with potable water supplies • Improve water use efficiency and reduce water wastage at household level by recording and monitoring the water usage, and charging the consumers as per usage; due consideration to urban poor • Minimize unaccounted for water (UFW) losses using district metered area approach with flow meter and pressure logging arrangements to identify and rectify the leaks, and unauthorized connections • Use low-noise and energy efficient pumping systems Chlorine Chlorine handling • Personal protection and safety equipment for the operators in PMU Project

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Cost and Implementation/ Source of Monitoring Funds usage as &application risk – the chlorine plant These measures are Costs disinfectant health & safety risk to • Provide training to the staff in safe handling and application of already included in the workers chlorine preliminary designs. • Supplier of Chlorinator equipment shall provide standard operating manual for safe operation and as well as DBOC to follow, maintenance and repairs enhance where

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Table 11: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Pre-Construction Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Cost and Implementation Source of Funds Utilities Telephone lines, (i) Identify and include Contractor in (i) List of affected utilities electric poles and locations and collaboration with PIU and operators; Project costs – wires, water lines operators of these and with approval of general within proposed utilities in the detailed PMU (ii) Bid document to construction project area design documents to include requirement for a practice prevent unnecessary contingency plan for disruption of services service interruptions during construction (example provision of water phase; and if disruption is more than 24 (ii) Require hours), waste management construction plan and traffic contractors to prepare management plan a contingency plan to include actions to be taken in case of unintentional interruption of services. (iii) Require contractors to prepare spoils (waste)management plan (Appendix 8) Construction work Conflicts with local (i) Prioritize areas Contractor to finalize (i) List of selected sites for camps, stockpile community; disruption within or nearest locations in construction work camps, Project costs – areas, storage areas, to traffic flow and possible vacant space consultation and hot mix plants, stockpile general and disposal areas. sensitive receptors in the project location; approval of PIU areas, storage areas, and construction (ii) If it is deemed disposal areas. practice necessary to locate (ii) Written consent of elsewhere, consider landowner/s (not lessee/s) sites that will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems;

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Cost and Implementation Source of Funds (iii) Do not consider residential areas; (iv) Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to water body which will inconvenience the community. (v) For excess spoil disposal, ensure (a) site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, written consent from landowners (not lessees) will be obtained; (b) debris disposal site shall be at least 200 m away from surface water bodies; (c) no residential areas shall be located within 50 m downwind side of the site; and (d) site is minimum 250 m away from sensitive locations like settlements, ponds/lakes or other water bodies. Sources of Materials Extraction of materials (i) Prioritize sites Contractor to prepare (i) List of approved quarry Part of project can disrupt natural already permitted by list of approved quarry sites and sources of costs land contours and the Department of sites and sources of materials;

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Cost and Implementation Source of Funds vegetation resulting in Mines and Geology materials with the accelerated erosion, (ii) If other sites are approval of PIU disturbance in natural necessary, inform drainage patterns, construction ponding and water contractor that it is logging, and water their responsibility to pollution. verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of PMU and (iii) If additional quarries will be required after construction is started, inform construction contractor to obtain a written approval from PIU. Consents, permits, Failure to obtain (i) Obtain all PMU / PIU to obtain Incorporated in final design Part of project clearances, NOCs, necessary consents, necessary consents, project clearances; and communicated to costs etc. permits, NOCs, etc. permits, clearance, DBOC to provide contractors. can result to design NOCs, etc. prior to necessary assistance revisions and/or award of civil works. stoppage of works (ii) Ensure that all DBOC to obtain necessary approvals construction permits & for construction to be PIU to ensure obtained by contractor are in place before start of construction (iii) Acknowledge in writing and provide report on compliance all obtained consents, permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. (iv) Include in detailed design drawings and

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Cost and Implementation Source of Funds documents all conditions and provisions if necessary

Table 12: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation EMP Irreversible impact to (i) Project manager and all key Construction (i) Certificate of Cost of EMP Implementation the environment, workers will be required to Contractor Completion Implementation Training workers, and undergo training on EMP (Safeguards Orientation Training to community implementation including Compliance contractor is spoils/waste management, Orientation) responsibility of PMU. Standard operating procedures (iii) Posting of EMP at (SOP) for construction works; worksites Other costs occupational health and safety responsibility of (OH&S), core Labour laws, contractor. applicable environmental laws, etc. Air Quality Emissions from (i) Damp down exposed soil and Construction (i) Location of Cost for construction any stockpiled material on site by Contractor stockpiles; implementation of vehicles, equipment, water sprinkling; (ii) Complaints from mitigation measures and machinery used (ii)Use tarpaulins to cover sand sensitive receptors; responsibility of for installation of and other loose material when (iii) Heavy equipment contractor. pipelines resulting to transported by trucks; and machinery with air dusts and increase (iii)Clean wheels and pollution control in concentration of undercarriage of haul trucks prior devices; vehicle-related to leaving construction site (iv) Pollution under pollutants such as (iv)Disallow access in the work control certificate carbon monoxide, area except workers to limit soil sulfur oxides, disturbance and prevent access particulate matter, by barricading and security nitrous oxides, and personnel hydrocarbons. (v)Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation control devices which are operating correctly Surface water Mobilization of (i) All earthworks be conducted Construction (i) Areas for stockpiles, Cost for quality settled silt materials, during the dry season to prevent Contractor storage of fuels and implementation of and chemical the problem of soil run-off during lubricants and waste mitigation measures contamination from monsoon season; materials; responsibility of fuels and lubricants (ii) Pipeline works along towns (iii) Records of contractor. during installation of stream shall be conducted during surface water quality pipelines can the no flow period. All the works inspection; contaminate nearby should be completed including (iv) Effectiveness of surface water proper refilling and consolidation water management quality. of refilled trench and site measures; restoration prior to onset of (v) No visible monsoon in June degradation to nearby (iii)Avoid stockpiling of earth fill drainages, nallahs or especially during the monsoon water bodies due to season unless covered by civil works tarpaulins or plastic sheets; (iii)Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, only designated disposal areas shall be used; (iv)Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; (v)Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (vi)Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; (vii) Hold the slurry material generated from drilling operation in a temporary ditch for some time to allow sedimentation of

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation solids, and dispose the clear water in the stream. (viii) Dispose appropriately or use the solid material in construction; and, (ix)Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Noise Levels Increase in noise (i) Plan activities in consultation Construction (i) Complaints from Cost for level due to earth- with PIU so that activities with the Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation of moving and greatest potential to generate (ii) Use of silencers in mitigation measures excavation noise are conducted during noise-producing responsibility of equipment, and the periods of the day which will equipment and sound contractor. transportation of result in least disturbance; barriers; equipment, (ii)Horns should not be used (iii) Equivalent day and materials, and unless it is necessary to warn night time noise levels people other road users or animals of the ( vehicle’s approach; (iii)Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimise sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. (v) Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; (vi) Provide personal protection

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation equipment (ear plugs) to the rig operators and other staff engaged in supervision of rig Landscape and Impacts due to (i) Prepare and implement a Construction (i) Complaints from Cost for aesthetics excess excavated Construction Waste Management Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation of earth, excess Plan (ii) Worksite clear of mitigation measures construction (ii) Stockpiles, lubricants, hazardous wastes responsibility of materials, and solid fuels, and other materials should such as oil/fuel contractor. waste such as be located away from steep (iiv) Worksite clear of removed concrete, slopes and water bodies; any excess excavated wood, packaging (iii) Avoid stockpiling any earth, excess materials, empty excess spoils. Excess excavated construction materials, containers, spoils, soils should be dispose to and solid waste such oils, lubricants, and approved designated areas; as removed concrete, other similar items. (iv) Domestic solid wastes wood, packaging should be properly segregated in materials, empty biodegradable and non- containers biodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site; (v) Residual and hazardous wastes such as oils, fuels, and lubricants shall be disposed in disposal sites approved by local authorities; (vi) Prohibit burning of construction and domestic waste; (vii) Ensure that wastes are not haphazardly dumped within the project site and adjacent areas. (viii) Get approval of PIU in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work. Existing Disruption of service (i) Obtain from PIU the list of Construction Existing Utilities Cost for

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation Infrastructure and and damage to affected utilities and operators if Contractor Contingency Plan implementation of Facilities existing any; mitigation measures infrastructure at (ii) Prepare a contingency plan to responsibility of specified project include actions to be done in contractor. location case of unintentional interruption of service Ecological Loss of vegetation (i) Minimize removal of vegetation Construction PIU to report in writing Cost for Resources – and tree cover and disallow cutting of trees; Contractor the no of trees cut and implementation of Terrestrial (ii) If tree-removal will be planted. mitigation measures required, obtain tree-cutting responsibility of permit and (iii) Plant 5 native contractor. trees for every one that is removed. Land use Environmental The impact due to change in land Not Not applicable Not applicable Issues due to land use will be negligible due to this applicable use change project. Accessibility Traffic problems and (i) Confine work areas along Construction (i) Traffic route during Cost for conflicts near project the roads to the minimum Contractor construction works implementation of locations and haul possible extent; all the activities, including number of mitigation measures road including material & permanent signages, responsibility of waste/surplus soil stocking barricades and contractor. should be confined to this area. flagmen on worksite; Proper barricading should be (ii) Complaints from provided; avoid material/surplus sensitive receptors; soil stocking in congested areas – (iii) Number of signage immediately removed from site/ placed at project or brought to the as and when location. required (ii) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; (iii) Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; (iv) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation immediate vicinity of delivery sites; (v) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (vi) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; (vii) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (viii) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (ix) Coordinate with Traffic Police for temporary road diversions, where necessary, and for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours (x) Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.

For works in very narrow roads (i) Inform the affected local population 1-week in advance about the work schedule (ii) Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum. (iii) Provide pedestrian access in all the locations until normalcy is restored. Provide wooden/metal planks over the

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation open trenches at each house to maintain the access. Socio-Economic – Impede the access (i) Leave spaces for access Construction (i) Complaints from Cost for Income. of residents and between mounds of soil; Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation of customers to nearby (ii) Provide walkways and (ii) Spoils management mitigation measures shops metal sheets where required to plan responsibility of maintain access across for (iii) Number of contractor. people and vehicles; walkways, signage, (iii) Increase workforce in the and metal sheets areas with predominantly placed at project institutions, place of worship, location. business establishment, hospitals, and schools; (iv) Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and (v) Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. (vi) Notify community/ water users in advance about likely interruptions in water supply. (viii) Provide alternate sources of clean water until water supply is restored. (ix) At R7 tube well site: • Construct tube well only after the harvesting season, when there is no standing crop in the adjacent fields • If there is any damage to crops or trees, it shall be compensated as per the resettlement framework

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation Socio-Economic - Generation of (i) Employ at least 50% of the Construction (i) Employment Cost for Employment temporary labour force, or to the maximum Contractor records; implementation of employment and extent, local persons within the 2- (iii) Compliance to mitigation measures increase in local km immediate area if manpower Labour laws (see responsibility of revenue is available; Appendix 7of this contractor. (iii) Comply with Labour laws IEE) Occupational Occupational (i) Comply with all national, state Construction (i) Site-specific OH&S Cost for Health and Safety hazards which can and local core Labour laws (see Contractor Plan; implementation of arise during work Appendix 7of this IEE) (ii) Equipped first-aid mitigation measures (ii) Implement site-specific stations; responsibility of occupational health and safety (iii) Medical insurance contractor. (OH&S) measures including: (a) coverage for workers; prevent entry of public into (iv) Number of construction sites; (b) ensue all accidents; workers are provided with and (v) Supplies of potable use personal protective drinking water; equipment; (c) OH&S Training (vi) Clean eating areas for all site personnel; (d) where workers are not documented procedures to be exposed to hazardous followed for all site activities; and or noxious substances; (e) documentation of work-related (vii) record of H&S accidents; orientation trainings (ii) Ensure that qualified first-aid (viii) personal can be provided at all times. protective equipment; Equipped first-aid stations shall (ix) % of moving be easily accessible throughout equipment outfitted the site; with audible back-up (iii) Provide medical insurance alarms; coverage for workers; (xi) permanent sign (iv) Secure all installations from boards for hazardous unauthorized intrusion and areas such as accident risks; energized electrical (v) Provide supplies of potable devices and lines, drinking water; service rooms housing (vi) Provide clean eating areas high voltage where workers are not exposed equipment, and areas to hazardous or noxious for storage and

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation substances; disposal. (vii) Provide H&S orientation (xii) Compliance to training to all new workers to core Labour laws (see ensure that they are apprised of Appendix 7of this the basic site rules of work at the IEE) site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (viii) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; (ix) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (x) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xi) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (xii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation dBAfor a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively. Community Health Traffic accidents and (i) Plan routes to avoid times of Construction (i) Traffic management Cost for and Safety. vehicle collision with peak-pedestrian activities. Contractor measures at site; implementation of pedestrians during (ii) Liaise with PIU/ULB in (ii) Complaints from mitigation measures material and waste identifying high-risk areas on sensitive receptors responsibility of transportation route cards/maps. contractor. (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. (iv) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of on-going trenching activities. Safety of sensitive Trench excavation in (i) Provide prior information Construction Complaints from Cost for groups (children, in narrow streets will to the local people about the Contractor neighborhood and implementation of eldersetc.) and pose high risk to nature and duration of work monitoring of mitigation measures others pedestrians children and elders (ii) Conduct awareness accidents responsibility of in narrow streets in the locality program on safety during the contractor. construction work (iii) Undertake the construction work stretch-wise; excavation, pipe laying and trench refilling should be completed on the same day (iv) Provide barricades, and deploy security personnel to ensure safe movement of people and also to prevent unnecessary entry and to avoid accidental fall into open trenches Work Camps and Temporary air and (i) Consult with PIU before Construction (i) Complaints from Cost for

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation worksites noise pollution from locating project offices, sheds, Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation of machine operation, and construction plants; (ii) Drinking water and mitigation measures water pollution from (ii) Minimize removal of sanitation facilities for responsibility of storage and use of vegetation and disallow cutting of employees contractor. fuels, oils, solvents, trees; and lubricants (iii) Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation Unsanitary and poor facilities for employees; living conditions for (iv) Ensure conditions of livability workers at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times; Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of trees for firewood; (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; (vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Ensure unauthorized persons specially children are not allowed in any worksite at any given time. Post-construction Damage due to (i) Remove all spoils wreckage, Construction PIU/PDMC report in Cost for clean-up debris, spoils, rubbish, or temporary structures Contractor writing that (i) worksite implementation of excess construction (such as buildings, shelters, and is restored to original mitigation measures materials latrines) which are no longer conditions; (ii) camp responsibility of required; has been vacated and contractor. (ii) All excavated roads shall be restored to pre-project reinstated to original condition. conditions; (iii) all

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Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and Source of for Mitigation Funds Mitigation (iii) All disrupted utilities restored construction related (iv) All affected structures structures not relevant rehabilitated/compensated to O&M are removed; (v) The area that previously and (iv) worksite housed the construction camp is clean-up is to be checked for spills of satisfactory. substances such as oil, paint, etc. and these shall be cleaned up. (vi) All hardened surfaces within the construction camp area shall be ripped, all imported materials removed, and the area shall be top soiled and re grassed. (vii) The contractor must arrange the cancellation of all temporary services. (viii) Request PIU to report in writing that worksites and camps have been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

Table 13: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Cost and for Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds Check for It may affect the water supply Effectiveness of leak detection and water Operator PIU and Operating blockage and system auditing to reduce the water losses respective costs leakage problems Nagar reducing the Parishads water losses

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Table 14: Environmental Monitoring Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction

Monitoring field Monitoring Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & Source of Funds location Construction All work sites Implementation of dust Weekly Supervising No costs required disturbances control, noise control, during staff and nuisances, public& traffic management, & construction safeguards worker safety, safety measures. specialists

Ambient Air Quality For Kurawar PM10, PM2.5 NO2, Once before start DBO Contractor Cost for implementation Town O2, CO of construction of monitoring measures 3 locations (one Quarterly (yearly responsibility of WTP site and 2 4- times) during contractor OHT sites) construction (2 (24 samples x 5000 per year period sample = 120,000) considered) 2 locations PM10, PM2.5 NO2, Once before start of Contractor Cost for implementation (OHT site near SO2, CO construction of monitoring measures hospital Quarterly (yearly 4- responsibility of compound times) during contractor and at existing construction (1.5 (14 samples x 5000 per OHT) year period sample = INR 70,000) considered For Boda Town PM10, PM2.5 NO2, Once before start DBO Contractor Cost for implementation 1 locations (one O2, CO of construction of monitoring measures WTP site) Quarterly (yearly responsibility of 4- times) during contractor construction (2 (8 samples x 5000 per year period sample = 40,000) considered) Ambient Noise For Kurawar Noise Level Once before start Cost for implementation Town of construction of monitoring measures 3 locations (one Quarterly (yearly responsibility of WTP site and 2 4- times) during contractor OHT sites) construction (2 (24 samples x 1500 per year period sample = 36000) considered)

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For Boda Town Noise Level Once before start Cost for implementation 1 locations (one of construction of monitoring measures WTP site) Quarterly (yearly responsibility of 4- times) during contractor construction (2 (8 samples x 1500 per year period sample = 12000) considered) For kothri Town Day time and night time Once before start of Contractor Cost for implementation 2 locations noise levels construction of monitoring measures Quarterly (yearly 4- responsibility of times) during contractor construction (1.5 (2 samples x 4000 per year period sample = 8,000) considered

Table 14: Environmental Monitoring Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation Monitoring field Monitoring Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & location Source of Funds Source water quality Near intake point at pH, Cl, F, NO3, TC, FC, Hardness, Turbidity Year twice DBO Contractor Operating all sources COD, DO, Total Alkalinity (pre costs of heavy metals & pesticides monsoon – respective May and NPs post monsoon Monitoring of quality Consumer end- pH, Nitrite, Nitrate, Turbidity BOD, Total Monthly DBO Contractor Operating of water supplied to random sampling in Alkalnity, Total coliform and Feacal coliform once costs of consumers all zones respective NPs

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B. Implementation Arrangements

126. Urban Administration and Development Department (UADD) of Government of Madhya Pradesh (GoMP) will be the Executing Agency for the Program, responsible for management, coordination and execution of all investment program activities. Implementing Agency will be the Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC) of GoMP, which will implement this program via a Project Management Unit (PMU) at Bhopal, and Project Implementation Units (PIUs) at project towns. PMU will appoint contractors to build infrastructure and PIUs will coordinate the construction. PMU and PIUs will be assisted by Programme Design and Management Consultants (PDMC).

127. Safeguards Compliance Responsibilities. At PMU, there will be two safeguard specialists: (i) Project Officer (Environment) and (ii) Social & Gender Offer, who will responsible for compliance with the environmental and social safeguards in program implementation. PO (Environment) will have overall responsibility in implementation of the investment program as per the Environmental Assessment & Review Framework (EARF) agreed between ADB and the government. At individual subproject level, PO will ensure that environmental assessment is conducted, and a project-specific is prepared and implemented, and the compliance, and corrective actions, if any are reported as required.

128. PMU Responsibilities. PO (Environment) will be supported by PDMC, which will be staffed with an Environmental Specialist, and Environmental Coordinators. Key tasks and responsibilities of the PO (Environment) for this subproject include the following:

Bidding stage:

(i) Ensure that EMPs are included in bidding documents and civil works contracts (ii) Ensure that the bid/contract documents include specific provisions requiring contractors to comply with all applicable Labour laws and core Labour standards including: a. Labour welfare measures and provision of amenities b. prohibition of child Labour as defined in national legislation for construction and maintenance activities; c. equal pay for equal work of equal value regardless of gender, ethnicity, or caste; d. elimination of forced Labour; e. The requirement to disseminate information on sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, to employees and local communities surrounding the project sites. (iii) Ensure that staff required for implementation of EMP (EHS officer) is included in the bid requirements (iv) Ensure that EMP cost is included in the project cost (v) In the pre-bid meeting, provide insight into the EMP measures, and overall compliance requirements to the bidders

Construction stage:

(i) Ensure that all necessary clearances/permissions, including that of contractor’s are in place prior to start of construction (ii) Organize an induction course for the training of contractors, preparing them on EMP implementation, environmental monitoring, and on taking immediate action to remedy

unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation. (iii) provide oversight on environmental management aspects of subprojects and ensure EMPs are implemented by PIU and contractors (iv) Supervise and provide guidance to the PIUs to properly carry out the environmental monitoring as per the EMP (v) Oversee grievance redress mechanism to address any grievances brought about in a timely manner; ensure that records are properly maintained (vi) Consolidate monthly environmental monitoring reports from PIU and submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB (vii) Oversee site closures to ensure that all work / facility sites are restored properly prior to issuing work completion certificate to the contractor

Operation stage:

(i) Conduct regular monitoring to ensure that groundwater quality is appropriate for supply after disinfection

129. PIU Responsibilities. PIU will be headed by a Project Manager and supported by PDMC. An Assistant Project Manager of PIU will be given additional responsibilities of safeguard tasks and will be designated as Assistant Environmental Officer (ASO). ASO will be supported by PDMC Environmental Specialist and Environmental Coordinator. Key tasks and responsibilities of the ASO for this subproject include the following:

(i) Oversee day-to-day implementation of EMPs by contractors, including compliance with all government rules and regulations, take necessary action for obtaining rights of way (ii) Oversee environmental monitoring by contractors (iii) Take corrective actions when necessary to ensure no environmental impacts (iv) Submit monthly environmental monitoring reports to PMU (v) Conduct continuous public consultation and awareness (vi) Address any grievances brought about through the grievance redress mechanism in a timely manner as per the EMP

130. Contractor’s responsibilities.

Bidding stage:

(i) Understand the EMP requirements and allocate necessary resources (budget, staff, etc.,) (ii) Understand the regulatory compliance requirements related to labour welfare, safety, environment etc.,

Construction stage:

(i) Obtain all necessary permissions/approvals (labour, pollution control, quarries, right of ways, etc.) prior to start of work (ii) Mobilize EHS officer prior to start of work (iii) Prepare and submit: a. Construction waste management (CWM) plan (iv) Implement the mitigation measures as per the EMP including CWM & TM Plans (v) Conduct environmental monitoring as per the EMP

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(vi) Undertake immediate action as suggested by PIU / PMU / PDMC to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation (vii) Submit monthly compliance reports on EMP implementation (viii) Act promptly on public complaints and grievances related to construction work and redress in a timely manner in coordination with PIU

C. Training Needs

131. The following Table 16 presents the outline of capacity building program to ensure EMP implementation. The estimated cost (excluding trainings of contractors which will be part of EMP implementation cost during construction) to be covered by the project’s capacity building program. The detailed cost and specific modules will be customized for the available skill set after assessing the capabilities of the target participants and the requirements of the project by the ES of PDMC.

Table 16: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation Description Target Estimate Cost and Source Participants& (INR) of Funds Venue 1. Introduction and Sensitization to All staff and - Included in the Environmental Issues (1 day) consultants involved overall program - ADB Safeguards Policy Statement in the project cost - Government of India and Rajasthan applicable safeguard laws, regulations and At PMU, Bhopal policies including but not limited to core (combined program Labour standards, OH&S, etc. for all subprojects) - Incorporation of EMP into the project design and contracts - Monitoring, reporting and corrective action planning 2. EMP implementation (1/2 day) All PIU staff, INR Included in - EMP mitigation & monitoring measures contractor staff and 100,000 subproject cost -Roles and responsibilities consultants involved (Lump estimates - Public relations, - Consultations in subprojects sum) - Grievance redress - Monitoring and corrective action planning At PIU - Reporting and disclosure - Construction site standard operating procedures (SOP) - AC pipe protocol - Traffic management plan - Waste management plan - Site clean-up & restoration 3. Contractors Orientation to Workers (1/2 Once before start of - Contractors cost day) work, and thereafter - Environment, health and safety in project regular briefing every construction month once. Daily briefing on safety prior to start of work

All workers (including

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Description Target Estimate Cost and Source Participants& (INR) of Funds Venue unskilled Labourers)

D. Monitoring and Reporting

132. Immediately after mobilization and prior to commencement of the works, the contractor will submit a compliance report to PIU that all identified pre-construction mitigation measures as detailed in the EMP are undertaken. Contractor should confirm that the staff for EMP implementation (EHS supervisor) is mobilized. PMU with the assistance of the PDMC will review the report and permit commencement of works.

133. During construction, results from internal monitoring by the contractor will be reflected in their monthly EMP implementation reports to the PIU. ASO will review and advise contractors for corrective actions if necessary. Quarterly report summarizing compliance and corrective measures taken will be prepared by ASO with the assistance of PDMC environmental coordinators and submitted to PMU (Appendix 10)

134. Based on monthly &quarterly reports and measurements, PMU will draft, review, and submit to ADB, 6-monthly semi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR).Once concurrence from the ADB is received the report will be disclosed in the MPUDC and PMU websites.

135. ADB will review project performance against the MPUSIP commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB’s monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system

E. EMP Implementation Cost

136. Most of the mitigation measures require the contractors to adopt good site practice, which should be part of their normal procedures already, so there are unlikely to be major costs associated with compliance. The costs which are specific to EMP implementation and are not covered elsewhere in the projects are given below.

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Table 17: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP Particulars Stages Unit Total Rate Cost Costs No. (INR) (INR) Covered By A. Implementation staff 1 EHS Supervisor Construction per 24 30,000 720000 Civil mont works h contractor Subtotal(A) 7,20,000 B Mitigation Measures 1 Traffic management Construction Lump - - 100,000 Civil works at worksites sum contractor (Pavement Markings, Channelizing Devices, Arrow Panel sand Warning Lights)

Subtotal(B) 1,00,000 C Surface water Construction Per 24 4,000 96,000 Civil works monitoring sample contractor

D Capacity Building 1. Training on EMP Pre- lump 100,000 PMU implementation constru sum ction 2 Preparation of plans Pre- Lump 50,000 Civil works And protocols(traffic constructio sum contractor management plan, n waste(spoils) management plan etc., chance find protocal 3. Contractors Orientation Prior to Lump 25,000 Civil works To Workers on EMP dispatch to sum contractor implementation worksite

4 Communication Activity Lump 300,000 Civil works sum contractor Subtotal (D) 475,000

E. IEC charge 2,00,000 Total (A+B+C+D+E) 15,91,000 F Air and Noise Monitoring Measures 1 For Kurawar Town Construction 1,20,000 Civil works (Air and Noise) contractor

2 For Boda Town Construction 40,000 Civil works

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3 For Kothari Town Construction 91,000 Civil works

Total(A+B+C+D+E+F) For INR 17,11,000.0 Kurawar For Boda INR 16,31,000.0 For Kothari INR 16,82,000.0

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X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

137. The process described in this document has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the Package 1A Towns kothari, kurawar and boda water supply improvement subproject. All potential impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction, and operation phases. Planning principles and design considerations have been reviewed and incorporated into the site planning and design process wherever possible; additional measures are suggested for final design stage of the project; thus, environmental impacts as being due to the project design or location were not significant.

138. There is an important design issue related to selection of groundwater as source. In the absence of any reliable surface water source in the proximity, it is proposed to continue groundwater source for Kothari. However, given the current critical stage of groundwater development, the abstraction should be combined with groundwater augmentation measures, and therefore it is proposed to undertake a detail study and include the recommendation of the study in the project implementation. This study will look into both groundwater sustainability and quality. Water source sustainability of Kunwar Chain Sagar dam for Kurawar and Boda town has been reviewed based on the available data. Permission of water resources department is a prerequisite for this project, and this needs to be obtained prior to invitation of bids for civil works. Water quality is appropriate for drinking water supply after treatment and disinfection. Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam has gross capacity 26.66 MCM, Live Storage is20.81MCM as well as Dead Storage is 5.85 MCM and our requirement for 2048 is 2.841 MCM for both town (2.33 MCM for Kurawar and 0.511 MCM for Boda).

139. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the construction dust and noise, the need to dispose of large quantities of waste soil and import a similar amount of sand to support the sewer in the trenches; and from the disturbance of residents, businesses, traffic and important buildings by the construction work. The social impacts (access disruptions) due to construction activities are unavoidable, as the residential and commercial establishments exist along the roads where pipes will be laid. As a feeder main is proposed on the bank of Kothari stream, there is a risk of water pollution. Appropriate measures are suggested.

140. Anticipated impacts of water supply during operation and maintenance will be related to detection and repair of leaks, pipe bursts. These are, however, likely to be minimal, as proper design and selection of good quality pipe material shall mean that leaks are minimal. Leak repair work will be similar to the pipe-laying work. Regular groundwater monitoring suggested for all tube wells to check the status of groundwater quality.

141. The public participation processes undertaken during project design ensured stakeholders are engaged during the preparation of the IEE. The planned information disclosure measures and process for carrying out consultation with affected people will facilitate their participation during project implementation.

142. The project’s grievance redressal mechanism will provide the citizens with a platform for redressal of their grievances, and describes the informal and formal channels, time frame, and mechanisms for resolving complaints about environmental performance.

143. The EMP will assist the PMU, PIU, PDMC and contractors in mitigating the environmental impacts, and guide them in the environmentally sound execution of the proposed

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144. A copy of the EMP shall be kept on-site during the construction period at all times. The EMP shall be made binding on all contractors operating on the site, and will be included in the contractual clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document shall constitute a failure in compliance.

145. The project will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term improvement of water supply and sewerage systems and community livability in Kothari. The potential adverse environmental impacts are mainly related to the construction period, which can be minimized by the mitigating measures and environmentally sound engineering and construction practices.

146. The proposed project is therefore unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. As per ADB SPS, the project is classified as environmental category B and does not require further environmental impact assessment. However, a groundwater sustainability plan should be prepared through a detailed groundwater study, and the measures of which are to be incorporated into the project to ensure the project sustainability. This IEE needs to be updated during the project design finalization stage.

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Appendix 1: Salient Features of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam for Kurawar and Boda towns

General Data:- 1 District Rajgarh 2 Tehsil Narsinghgarh 3 River / Nala Dudhi 4 Location of Dam - 5 Name of River Basin - 6 Topo Sheet No. - 7 Latitude 230 40' N 8 Longitude 760 55' N 9 Year Of Start/Commencement - 10 Year of Completion - Hydraulic Data:- 11 Catchment Data 119.14 Sq Km 12 Maximum annual rainfall(Monsoon rainfall) 1824.48 mm 13 Maximum annual rainfall 502.41 mm 14 Average monsoon 1088.81 mm 15 75% dependable monsoon rainfall 905.00 mm 16 Maximum monsoon yield 97.99 MCuM 17 Minimum monsoon yield 9.866 MCuM 18 Average monsoon yield 45.50 MCuM 19 75% dependable monsoon yield 31.61 MCuM 20 Designed flood 1310.00 Cumec. 21 Checked flood(PMF) 2480.00 Cumec. Reservoir Data :- 22 T. B. L. 453.28 m (108.00 m) 23 Maximum Water Level (M. W. L.) 451.28 m (106.00 m) 24 F. T. L. 450.78 m (105.50 m) 25 Lowest Seal Level (L. S. L.) 446.78 m (101.50 m) 26 R. B. L. 437.03 m (101.00 m) 27 Gross Storage Capacity 26.66 MCuM 28 Dead Storage Capacity 5.85 MCuM 29 Live Storage 20.81 MCuM 30 Water Spread Area at MWL - 31 Water Spread Area at FRL 5.70 Sq. Km. Dam Details :- Earthen dam with Gated Central 32 Type of Dam Spillway 33 Length of dam 3570.00 m

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34 Maximum Height 12.50 m 35 Top width of dam 4.57 m 36 Length of Waste weir(Flush bar) Central Spillway of 76.00 m length 37 Maximum flood discharge over Waste weir 1310.00 Cumec. 38 Quantity of Earth Work in Dam 560000 cum Canal :- 39 Length of Main canal 11.25 Km 40 Length of distributary and minors 37.83 Km 41 Gross Command Area 5715 Ha 42 Culturable command area 4225 Ha 43 Net Cropped area 3700 Ha The Salient features of the dam section adopted are:- 44 Top width 4.57 m 45 Height from river bed 12.50 m 46 Side Slope Upstream (a) From T.B.L. (R.L. 453.28 m) to R.L. 448.41 2:1 m (b) From R.l. 448.41 m to R. L. 446.28 m 3:1 © Below L. S. L. (R. L. 446.28 m) 4:1 47 Side Slope Downstream (a) From T.B.L. (R.L. 453.28 m) to R.L. 448.41 2:1 m (b) From R.l. 448.41 m to R. L. 444.15 m 2:5:1 (c) From R.l. 444.15 m to R. L. 441.09 m 3:1 © Below L. S. L. (R. L. 441.09 m) 4:1 30 cm. thick at one pitching over 15 cm. thick quarry spalls from T.B.L. to 48 Upstream slope protection L.S.L. supported at LSL on actual of size 0.60 m x 0.60 m

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Appendix 2: Stakeholder Consultations Kothari

Sl. Date Issues Raised No. Participants 1 22nd Feb. Local MLA, Govt. of • The Chairman of the ULB expressed willingness to 2016 MP, Chairman and accept the project; Kothari Nagar Vice-Chairman of • Operation and maintenance of the facilities developed Panchayat Kothari Nagar under the project and community participation; Office Panchayat, Councilors, • Probability of keeping the poor and the vulnerable out Chief Municipal Officer, of the user charge Secretary, Sub-Asst • The existing water supply system is in dilapidated Engineer, Land condition and needs refurbishment along with water Surveyor supply coverage (100 percent). • Land required for the water supply project will be dealt by the ULB and they will handle this with the concerned government departments. • The existing water supply system is in dilapidated condition and needs refurbishment along with water supply coverage (100 percent). 2 22nd Feb. Representatives from 8 • Project effective for community people of Kothari. 2016Kothari NGOs Water supply is major issue of concern; Nagar • It was reported that lack of water was reported as one Panchayat of the main restraint for households to build a sanitary Office toilet and practice hygiene behaviour • Community participation in project implementation to build ownership • Completion of project on time. • NGO involvement in the program implementation 3 23rd Feb. Community Members • The commencement of the project work 2016Bijli Commissioning of the project. Colony, Ward Scarcity of drinking water in area like Bijli 8, Kothri • Quality and quantity of the water to be supplied after completion of the project. • The water is supplied for an hour daily which is inadequate. There are long queues and frequent quarrels over water collection. • The adolescent girls were particularly interested in getting water at the household level as it would reduce their workload to a great extent and give them more time for education or recreational activities. • Lack of water was reported as one of the main deterrent for households to build a sanitary toilet and practice hygiene behavior. • The community agreed that it will cooperate and manage temporary discomfort arising due to construction in view of the larger benefits of getting water at the doorstep.

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PHOTOGRAPHS

Community Consultation

NGO Meeting

Transect Walk and Site Visit

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List of Participants

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Appendix 3: Stakeholder Consultations Kurawar Town List of ULB officials attended meeting and remained during site visit are given below:

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Minutes of Meeting in Kurawar Town

• In Kurawar Town, Stakeholders meeting was conducted for proposed water supply scheme in town. In this meeting Local representatives, ULB staffs and local people have participated. • With consultation with all, location of components of proposed water Supply scheme has been finalized with identification of government land. • All the existing water structure nearby town has been identified and Kunwar Chain Sagar dam has been selected for source of water supply in Kurawar. • People informed about very less water supply in town in comparison to standard. • Condition of all the existing component of the water supply has been reviewed for their further uses in proposed water supply scheme. • People requested for selection of good contractor to speed up the construction work.

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Appendix 4: Stakeholder Consultations of Boda

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Minutes of meeting In Boda • In Boda Town, Stakeholders meeting was conducted for proposed water supply scheme in town. In this meeting Local representatives, ULB staffs and local people have participated. • People complained about the very poor water supply in the town in terms of quantity of water as well as connectivity of water supply network in town. • With consultation with all, location of components of proposed water Supply scheme has been finalized with identification of government land. • All the existing water structure nearby town has been identified and Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam has been selected for source of water supply in Boda Town. • Condition of all the existing component of the water supply has been reviewed for their further uses in proposed water supply scheme. After discussion and .analysis it was found the overhead tank existing in Boda town is sufficient to supply the water in Boda town for next design period. So, no new OHT is proposed in Boda town. • People requested for selection of good contractor to speed up the construction work

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Appendix 5: REA Check list WATER SUPPLY

Instructions:  This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.  This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department.  This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.  Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: India / Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Program – Kothari Water Supply Subproject Sector Division: Urban Development

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Water Supply A. Project Siting Is the project area. . Densely populated? √ Subproject activities extend to the entire town including the densely populated areas. There are no major negative impacts envisaged, because pipeline will be located in unused government lands alongside the existing roads and can be constructed without causing disturbance to, houses, and commercial establishments. In narrow streets, disruption to road users is likely, and measure like best activity scheduling, alternative routes, prior information to road users, houses and shops will minimize the impact to acceptable levels. . Heavy with development activities? √ - . Adjacent to or within any environmentally √ sensitive areas? • Cultural heritage site √ • Protected Area √ • Wetland √ • Mangrove √ • Estuarine √ • Buffer zone of protected area √ • Special area for protecting biodiversity √ • Bay √ B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause… • Pollution of raw water supply from upstream Groundwater contamination is likely from wastewater discharge from communities, √ untreated sewage disposal, open defecation. industries, agriculture, and soil erosion runoff?

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS • Impairment of historical/cultural √ monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites? • Hazard of land subsidence caused by √ Groundwater management measures excessive ground water pumping? suggested to avoid over exploitation of resources • Social conflicts arising from displacement of √ Project does not involve land acquisition communities? /displacement. No social conflicts envisaged • Conflicts in abstraction of raw water for water √ N supply with other beneficial water uses for surface and ground waters? • Unsatisfactory raw water supply (e.g. √ Raw water quality is tested and found that it is excessive pathogens or mineral suitable for domestic use. Nitrate pollution is constituents)? observed but within the prescribed limits. Bacteriological contamination is noticed, and water will be subjected for treatment prior to supply • Delivery of unsafe water to distribution √ Water will be disinfected prior to supply system? • Inadequate protection of intake works or √ wells, leading to pollution of water supply? • Over pumping of ground water, leading to √ Groundwater management measures salinization and ground subsidence? suggested to avoid over exploitation of resources • Excessive algal growth in storage reservoir? √ Regular cleaning of storage tanks will be conducted during operation • Increase in production of sewage beyond √ Sewerage system is also being planned for capabilities of community facilities? project towns under the MPUSIP • Inadequate disposal of sludge from water √ Appropriate provisions for sludge drying and treatment plants? disposal is included in the project • Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and √ - treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances and protect facilities? • Impairments associated with transmission √ - lines and access roads? • Health hazards arising from inadequate √ design of facilities for receiving, storing, and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals. • Health and safety hazards to workers from the √ Measures for safe handling of chlorine are management of chlorine used for disinfection included and other contaminants? • Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of √ There is no resettlement of people for project people implementation. • Social conflicts between construction workers √ The contractor will be utilizing the local labour from other areas and community workers? force as far as possible; in case if it is unavoidable,labour camps and facilities will be provided appropriately. No conflicts envisaged • Noise and dust from construction activities? √ All the construction machineries employed will comply with noise emission standards of Central Pollution Control Board. Dust suppression measures such as water sprinkling will be employed

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS • Increased road traffic due to interference of √ Excavation and laying pipelines along public construction activities? roads will interfere with the traffic. Construction material transport will increase traffic within city. Proper traffic management and construction planning will be ensured to minimize the interference • Continuing soil erosion/silt runoff from √ Construction work during monsoon shall be construction operations? carried out with due care so that silt run off due to construction operation is prevented. No construction will be allowed during rains. • Delivery of unsafe water due to poor O&M √ No; appropriate O&M will conducted treatment processes (especially mud accumulations in filters) and inadequate chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine residuals in distribution systems? • Delivery of water to distribution system, which √ Not envisaged is corrosive due to inadequate attention to feeding of corrective chemicals? • Accidental leakage of chlorine gas? √ • Excessive abstraction of water affecting √ downstream water users? • Competing uses of water? √ • Increased sewage flow due to increased √ Sewerage system is also being planned for water supply project towns under the MPUSIP • Increased volume of sullage (wastewater from √ Sewerage system is also being planned for cooking and washing) and sludge from project towns under the MPUSIP wastewater treatment plant

Could changes in temperature, precipitation, or extreme events √ Groundwater yield is directly linked patterns over the Project lifespan affect technical or financial to annual rainfall. Study area is also sustainability (e.g., changes in rainfall patterns disrupt reliability susceptible to erratic rainfall and of water supply; sea level rise creates salinity intrusion into extreme weather conditions. proposed water supply source)? Therefore groundwater management measures and more efficient use of water by reducing losses and wastage to counter increased demands due to higher temperatures are included in the project Are there any demographic or socio-economic aspects of the √ No Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g.,high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)? Could the Project potentially increase the climate or disaster √ No vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., by using water from a vulnerable source that is relied upon by many user groups, or encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?

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Appendix 6: Rapid Environment Assessment Checklist

Country/ Project: India/ Madhya Pradesh Urban Service Improvement Program – Kurawar Water Supply Subproject

Sector/ Division: Urban Development and Environment Department/ UDED

SCREEINING QUESTION YES NO REMARKS A. Project Siting Is the project area . Densely populated? √ The density of Kurawar is found 20.39 Person/ ha, that is considered average. Only during construction phase, population would be affected adversely due to excavation, construction. But the impact would be very low. During operation, local of town would be more beneficiary . Heavy with development activities? √ No . Adjacent to or within any √ No environmentally sensitive areas? . Cultural heritage site √ No . Protected Area √ No . Wetland √ No . Mangrove √ No . Estuarine √ No . Buffer zone of protected area √ No . Special area for protecting biodiversity √ No . Bay √ No B. Potential Environmental Impacts

Will the Project cause… • Pollution of raw water supply √ There are no significant water pollution from upstream wastewater sources in the catchment. Raw water discharge from quality is tested and found that it is • Communities, industries, suitable for Domestic use. agriculture, and soil erosion runoff? • Impairment of historical/cultural √ Not applicable monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites? • Hazard of land subsidence √ Not applicable, subproject does not caused by excessive ground involve groundwater abstraction water pumping? • Social conflicts arising from √ Project does not involve land displacement of communities? acquisition /displacement.No social conflicts envisaged • Conflicts in abstraction of raw √ No, the water will be abstracted with

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water for water supply with due Permission of Water Resource other beneficial water uses for Department. surface and ground waters? • Unsatisfactory raw water supply √ Raw water Quality is tested and found (e.g. excessive pathogens or that it is suitable for Domestic use. mineral constituents)? • Delivery of unsafe water to √ Water will be treated and disinfected distribution system? prior to supply. • Inadequate protection of intake √ Construction of no intake well works or wells, leading to pollution of water supply? • Over pumping of ground water, √ No Ground water pumping is required leading to salinization and as Surface water source is selected for ground subsidence? the project • Excessive algal growth in √ Regular cleaning of storage tanks will storage reservoir? be conducted during operation. • Increase in production of sewage √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of beyond capabilities of water supply is 70lpcd for the town community facilities? where sewerage scheme is not anticipated • Inadequate disposal of sludge √ Appropriate provision for sludge from water treatment plants? drying and disposal is included in the project • Inadequate buffer zone around √ No pumping and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances and protect facilities? • Impairments associated with √ No transmission lines and access roads? • Health hazards arising from √ Measures for safe handling of Chlorine inadequate design of facilities are included for receiving, storing, and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals. • Health and safety hazards to √ Measures for safe handling of Chlorine workers from the management are included of chlorine used for disinfection and other contaminants? • Dislocation or involuntary √ There is no resettlement of people for resettlement of people project implementation. • Social conflicts between √ The contractor will be utilizing the construction workers from other local labour forces as far as possible; in areas and community workers? case if it is unavoidable, labour camps and facilities will be provided appropriately. No conflicts envisaged.

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• Noise and dust from √ Dust suppression measures such as construction activities? water sprinkling will be employed • Increased road traffic due to √ Excavation & Laying pipelines along interference of construction public road will interfere with the activities? traffic. Construction material transport will increase traffic within city and dumping construction material on road cause traffic congestion. Proper traffic & Construction planning will be ensured to minimize the interference. • Continuing soil erosion/silt √ Construction work during monsoon runoff from construction shall be carried out with due care so operations? that silt run off due to construction operation is prevented. • Delivery of unsafe water due to √ Appropriate O&M will be conducted poor O&M treatment processes (especially mud accumulations in filters) and inadequate chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine residuals in distribution systems? • Delivery of water to distribution √ Not envisaged system, which is corrosive due to inadequate attention to feeding of corrective chemicals? • Accidental leakage of chlorine √ Measures for safe handling of chlorine gas? are included. • Excessive abstraction of water √ Water abstraction will be limited to affecting downstream water allocate quantity for Kurawar users? • Competing uses of water? √ Water abstraction will be limited to allocate quantity for Kurawar. • Increased sewage flow due to √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of increased water supply water supply is 70lpcd for the town where sewerage scheme is not anticipated • Increased volume of sullage √ No (wastewater from cooking and washing) and sludge from wastewater treatment plant . Large population influx during project √ Minimum influx of population during construction and operation that causes the construction and operation period. increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)?

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. Risks to community health and safety √ No such materials are used in project due to the transport, storage, and use so no risk to community health & and/or disposal of materials such as safety explosives, fuel, and other chemicals during operation and construction? . Community safety risks due to both √ Proper safety measures would be accidental and natural hazards, especially ensured during the construction & where the structural elements or operation and decommissioning. components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation, and decommissioning?

ClimateChangeandDisaster RiskQuestions Yes No Remarks Thefollowingquestionsarenotfor environmental categorization.Theyareincluded inthischecklisttohelp identifypotentialclimate anddisaster risks. Is theProjectareasubjectto hazardssuchas √ Semi-aridzone, unreliablerainfall, earthquakes, lessvegetationcover. Promote floods,landslides,tropicalcyclonewinds,st moreefficientuseofwater by ormsurges, tsunamior volcanic reducinglossesandwastageto counter eruptionsandclimatechanges? increased demands due to highertemperatures. Couldchanges intemperature, √ Reductioninrainfallmayaffectthe water precipitation,or extreme events patterns availabilityfromdam.Given overtheProjectlifespan affecttechnicalor the priorityfordrinkingwater supply, financial dead storagewill beutilized sustainability incaseoflowrain fallyears (e.g.,changesinrainfallpatternsdisruptreliabilit y ofwater supply;sealevelrisecreatessalinity intrusion into proposedwatersupplysource)? Are thereanydemographicor socio- √ No economicaspects ofthe Project area that arealready vulnerable (e.g.,highincidenceof marginalized populations,rural- urbanmigrants,illegal Settlements, ethnicminorities,women or children)?

CouldtheProject potentiallyincrease √ No theclimateor disaster vulnerability ofthesurroundingarea(e.g.,byusingwater from a vulnerable source thatisrelied upon by many user groups, or encouragingsettlementinearthquakezones)

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Appendix 7: RAPID ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST FOR BODA

Country/ Project: India/ Madhya Pradesh Urban Service Improvement Program – Boda Water Supply Subproject

Sector/ Division: Urban Development and Environment Department/ UDED

SCREEINING QUESTION YES NO REMARKS A. Project Siting Is the project area . Densely populated? √ The density of Boda is found 4.52 Person/ Hactare, that is considered very low. Only during construction phase, population would be affected adversely due to excavation, construction. But the impact would be very low. During operation, local of town would be more beneficiary . Heavy with development activities? √ No . Adjacent to or within any √ No environmentally sensitive areas? . Cultural heritage site √ No . Protected Area √ No . Wetland √ No . Mangrove √ No . Estuarine √ No . Buffer zone of protected area √ No . Special area for protecting biodiversity √ No . Bay √ No B. Potential Environmental Impacts

Will the Project cause… • Pollution of raw water supply from √ There are no significant water pollution upstream wastewater discharge sources in the catchment. Raw water from quality is tested and found that it is • Communities, industries, suitable for Domestic use. agriculture, and soil erosion runoff? • Impairment of historical/cultural √ Not applicable monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites? • Hazard of land subsidence caused √ Not applicable, subproject does not by excessive ground water involve groundwater abstraction pumping? • Social conflicts arising from √ Project does not involve land displacement of communities? acquisition /displacement. No social conflicts envisaged • Conflicts in abstraction of raw water √ No, the water will be abstracted with for water supply with other due Permission of Water Resource beneficial water uses for surface Department.

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and ground waters? • Unsatisfactory raw water supply √ Raw water Quality is tested and found (e.g. excessive pathogens or that it is suitable for Domestic use. mineral constituents)? • Delivery of unsafe water to √ Water will be treated and disinfected distribution system? prior to supply. • Inadequate protection of intake √ Construction of no intake well works or wells, leading to pollution of water supply? • Over pumping of ground water, √ No Ground water pumping is required leading to salinization and ground as Surface water source is selected for subsidence? the project • Excessive algal growth in storage √ Regular cleaning of storage tanks will reservoir? be conducted during operation. • Increase in production of sewage √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of beyond capabilities of community water supply is 70lpcd for the town facilities? where sewerage scheme is not anticipated • Inadequate disposal of sludge from √ Appropriate provision for sludge drying water treatment plants? and disposal is included in the project • Inadequate buffer zone around √ No pumping and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances and protect facilities? • Impairments associated with √ No transmission lines and access roads? • Health hazards arising from √ Measures for safe handling of Chlorine inadequate design of facilities for are included receiving, storing, and handling of chlorine and other hazardous chemicals. • Health and safety hazards to √ Measures for safe handling of Chlorine workers from the management of are included chlorine used for disinfection and other contaminants? • Dislocation or involuntary √ There is no resettlement of people for resettlement of people project implementation. • Social conflicts between √ The contractor will be utilizing the local construction workers from other labour forces as far as possible; in areas and community workers? case if it is unavoidable, labour camps and facilities will be provided appropriately. No conflicts envisaged. • Noise and dust from construction √ Dust suppression measures such as activities? water sprinkling will be employed • Increased road traffic due to √ Excavation & Laying pipelines along interference of construction public road will interfere with the traffic. activities? Construction material transport will increase traffic within city and dumping construction material on road cause traffic congestion. Proper traffic & Construction planning will be ensured to minimize the interference.

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• Continuing soil erosion/silt runoff √ Construction work during monsoon from construction operations? shall be carried out with due care so that silt run off due to construction operation is prevented. • Delivery of unsafe water due to √ Appropriate O&M will be conducted poor O&M treatment processes (especially mud accumulations in filters) and inadequate chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine residuals in distribution systems? • Delivery of water to distribution √ Not envisaged system, which is corrosive due to inadequate attention to feeding of corrective chemicals? • Accidental leakage of chlorine gas? √ Measures for safe handling of chlorine are included. • Excessive abstraction of water √ Water abstraction will be limited to affecting downstream water users? allocate quantity for Boda • Competing uses of water? √ Water abstraction will be limited to allocate quantity for Boda • Increased sewage flow due to √ As per CPHEEO manual the rate of increased water supply water supply is 70lpcd for the town where sewerage scheme is not anticipated • Increased volume of sullage √ No (wastewater from cooking and washing) and sludge from wastewater treatment plant . Large population influx during project √ Minimum influx of population during the construction and operation that causes construction and operation period. increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)? . Risks to community health and safety √ No such materials are used in project due to the transport, storage, and use so no risk to community health & and/or disposal of materials such as safety explosives, fuel, and other chemicals during operation and construction? . Community safety risks due to both √ Proper safety measures would be accidental and natural hazards, especially ensured during the construction & where the structural elements or operation and decommissioning. components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation, and decommissioning?

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ClimateChangeandDisaster Yes No Remarks RiskQuestions Thefollowingquestionsarenotfor environmental categorization.Theyareincluded inthischecklisttohelp identifypotentialclimate anddisaster risks Is theProjectareasubjectto √ Semi-aridzone, unreliablerainfall, hazardssuchas earthquakes, lessvegetationcover. Promote floods,landslides,tropicalcyclonewinds,st moreefficientuseofwater by ormsurges, tsunamior volcanic reducinglossesandwastageto counter eruptionsandclimatechanges? increased demands due to highertemperatures.

Couldchanges intemperature, √ Reductioninrainfallmayaffectthe water precipitation,or extreme events patterns availabilityfromdam.Given overtheProjectlifespan affecttechnicalor the priorityfordrinkingwater supply, dead financial storagewill beutilized incaseoflowrain sustainability fallyears (e.g.,changesinrainfallpatternsdisruptreliabilit y ofwater supply;sealevelrisecreatessalinity intrusion into proposedwatersupplysource)? Are thereanydemographicor socio- √ No economicaspects ofthe Project area that arealready vulnerable (e.g.highincidenceof marginalized populations,rural- urbanmigrants,illegal Settlements, ethnicminorities,women or children)?

Appendix 8: Location on Google Earth Kurawar WSS component

Location of floating barge at Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam

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Appendix 9: Location of Proposed WTP and existing 300 KL OHT to be reconditioning

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Appendix 10: ALocation of proposed 900KL OHT

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Appendix 11. Location of proposed New 250 KL OHT and existing 110 KL OHT

Appendix 12. Location on Google Earth of Boda WSS component

Location of floating barge at Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam

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Appendix 13. Location of Water Treatment Plant

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Appendix 14: Water Analysis Report of Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam for Kurawar Town

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Appendix 15 : Water analysis report for Boda town

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Appendix 16 : Documents for permission of water abstraction from Kunwar Chain Sagar Dam for Boda town

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Appendix 17: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

SL Pollutants Time Concentration in ambient air Method of measurement NO: weighted average Industrial, Ecologically Residential, Rural Sensitive & Other Areas Areas

1 Sulphur Dioxide Annual 50 20 Improved West and Geake- (SO2) 24 hours 80 80 Ultraviolet fluorescence µg/m3 2 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual 40 30 Modified Jacob &Hochheiser 3 (NO2) µg/m 24 hours 80 80 (Na-Arsenite) Chemiluminescence 3 Particulate Matter Annual 60 60 Gravimetric (Size less than 10 24 hours 100 100 -TOEM µm) or PM10 µg/m3 -Beta attenuation 4 Particulate Matter Annual 40 40 Gravimetric (Size less than 2.5 24 hours 60 60 -TOEM µm) or PM2.5 µg/m3 -Beta attenuation 5 Carbon Monoxide 8 hours 02 02 Non Dispersive Infra Red (CO) mg/m3 1 hours 04 04 (NDIR) Spectroscopy

Appendix 18: National Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise

Area code Category of area/zone Limit in dB (A) Day time Night time A Industrial area 75 70 B Commercial area 65 55 C Residential area 55 45 D Silence zone 50 40

Appendix 19: Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms 1. Passenger Cars Norms CO( g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km) 1991Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(Only HC) 1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36 1998Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18 India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97 Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5 Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35 (combined) Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18 (combined)

2. Heavy Diesel Vehicles Norms CO( g/kmhr) HC (g/kmhr) NOx (g/kmhr) PM(g/kmhr) 1991Norms 14 3.5 18 - 1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 - India stage 2000 norms 4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36 Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15 Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10 Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02 Source: Central Pollution Control Board CO = Carbon Monixide; g/kmhr = grams per kilometer-hour; HC = Hydrocarbons; NOx = oxides of nitrogen; PM = Particulates Matter

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Appendix 20: Drinking Water Standards

No. Substance or Requirement Undesirable effect outside Permissible Remarks characteristic Desirable the desirable limit in the limit absence of alternate Source Essential Characteristic 1. Colour Hazen 5 Above 5, consumer 25 Extended to 25 only if Units, Max acceptance decreases toxic Substance are not suspect in absence of alternate sources 2. Odour Unobjectiona - - a) test cold and when ble heated b) test are several dilutions 3. Taste Agreeable - - Test to be conducted only after safely has been established 4. Turbidity (NTU) 5 Above 5, consumer 10 - Max acceptance decreases 5. pH value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this range the No relaxation - water will after the mucous membrane and/or water supply system 6. Total 300 Encrustation in water 600 - Hardness supply structure and (mg/L) adverse effects on CaCO3 domestic use 7. Iron (mg/L, Fe) 0.3 Beyond this limit 1.0 - Max taste/appearance are affected; has adverse effects on domestic uses and water supply structure and promotes iron bacteria 8. Chlorides 250 250 Beyond effects outside the 1000 - (mg/L, Cl) Max desirable limit 9. Residual free 0.2 - - To be applicable only Chlorine (mg/L), when water is Max chlorinated. Tested at customer end. When protection against viral infection is required, it should be min. 0.5 mg/L. Desirable Characteristics 10. Dissolved solids 500 Beyond this, palatability 2000 - mg/L. Max decreases and may cause gastrointestinal irritation. 11. Calcium (mg/L, 75 Encrustation in water 200 - Ca) Max. supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use. 12. Magnesium (mg/L, 30 Encrustation in water 100 - Mg) Max supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use. 13. Copper (mg/L, Cu) 0.05 Astringent taste dis 1.5 - Max coloration and corrosion of pipes fittings and utensils

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will be caused beyond this. 14. Manganese 0.1 Beyond this limit 0.3 - (mg/L, Mn) Max taste/appearance are affected, has advers effect on domestic use and water supply structure 15. Sulphate 200 Beyond this causes gastro 400 May be extended upto (mg/L, SO4) Max. intestinal irritation when 400 provided magnesium or sodium are magnesium (as Mg) present does not exceed 30 16. Nitrate (mg/L, 45 Beyond this - - NO3) Max. methaemoglobinemia takes place. 17. Fluoride (mg/L, F) 1.0 Fluoride may be kept as 1.5 - Max. low as possible. High fluoride may cause fluorosis. 18. Phenolic 0.001 Beyond this, it may cause 0.002 - Compounds (mg/L objectionable taste and C6H5OH) Max. odour 19. Mercury (mg/L Hg) 0.001 Beyond this the water No Relaxation. To be tested when Max becomes toxic pollution is suspected 20 Cadmium 0.01 Beyond this the water No Relaxation. To be tested when (mg/L, Cd) Max becomes toxic pollution is suspected 21. Selenium 0.01 Beyond this the water No Relaxation. To be tested when (mg/L, Se) Max becomes toxic. pollution is suspected 22. Arsenic 0.05 Beyond this the water No Relaxation To be tested when (mg/L, As) Max. becomes toxic pollution is suspected 23. Cyanide 0.05 Beyond this the water No Relaxation To be tested when becomes toxic pollution is suspected 24. Lead (mg/L Pb) 0.05 Beyond this the water No Relaxation To be tested when Max. becomes toxic pollution is suspected 25. Zinc (mg/L, Zn) 5 Beyond this limit it can 15 To be tested when Max. cause astringent taste and pollution is suspected an opalescence in water 26. Anionic detergents 0.2 Beyond this limit it can 1.0 To be tested when (mg/L, MBAS) cause a light froth in water pollution is suspected Max 27. Chromium 0.05 May be carcinogenic above - - (mg/L, Cr6+ this limit 28. Polynuclear - May be carcinogenic - - Aromatic Hydrocarbons (mg/l, PAH) Max 29. Mineral oil 0.01 Beyond this limit, 0.03 To be tested when (mg/L) undesirable taste and pollution is suspected odour after chlorination takes place 30. Pesticides (mg/L) Absent Toxic 0.001 - max Radioactive materials 31. Alpha emitters - - 0.1 - Bq/L Max 32. Beta emitters - - 1.0 - Pci/L Max 33. Alkalinity (mg/L,) 200 Beyond this limit, taste 600 - Max becomes unpleasant 34. Aluminum (mg/L, 0.03 Cumulative effect is 0.2 Al) Max reported to cause dementia 35. Boron (mg/L) Max 1.0 - 5.0 -

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Appendix 21: Salient Features of Major Labour Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works

(i) Workmen Compensation Act, 1923 - The Act provides for compensation in case of injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment.

(ii) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 - Gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5 years’ service or more or on death at the rate of 15 days wages for every completed year of service. The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 10 or more employees.

(iii) Employees’ PF and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 - The Act provides for monthly contributions by the employer plus workers @10 % or 8.33 %. The benefits payable under the Act are: (a) Pension or family pension on retirement or death as the case may be; (b) deposit linked insurance on the death in harness of the worker; (c) payment of PF accumulation on retirement/death etc.

(iv) Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 - The Act provides for leave and some other benefits to women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage etc.

(v) Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 - The Act provides for certain welfare measures to be provided by the Contractor to contract Labour and in case the Contractor fails to provide, the same are required to be provided by the Principal Employer by Law. The principal employer is required to take Certificate of Registration and the Contractor is required to take a License from the designated Officer. The Act is applicable to the establishments or Contractor of principal employer if they employ 20 or more contract Labour.

(vi) Minimum Wages Act, 1948 - The employer is supposed to pay not less than the Minimum Wages fixed by appropriate Government as per provisions of the Act if the employment is a scheduled employment. Construction of Buildings, Roads, Runways are scheduled employment.

(vii) Payment of Wages Act, 1936 - It lays down as to by what date the wages are to be paid, when it will be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the workers.

(viii) Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 - The Act provides for payment of equal wages for work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination against Female employees in the matters of transfers, training and promotions etc.

(ix) Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 - The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 20 or more workmen. The Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject to a minimum of 8.33 % of wages and maximum of 20 % of wages to employees drawing Rs. 3,500/- per month or less. The bonus to be paid to employees getting Rs. 2,500/- per month or above up to Rs.3,500/- per month shall be worked out by taking wages as Rs.2,500/- per month only. The Act does not apply to certain establishments. The newly set up establishments are exempted for five years in certain circumstances. Some of the State Governments have reduced the employment size from 20 to 10 for the purpose of applicability of the Act.

(x) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - The Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lock-out becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing down the establishment.

(xi) Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 - It is applicable to all establishments employing 100 or more workmen (employment size reduced by some of the States and Central Government to 50). The Act provides for laying down rules governing the conditions of employment by the employer on matters provided in the Act and get the same certified by the designated Authority.

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(xii) Trade Unions Act, 1926 - The Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unions of workmen and employees. The trade unions registered under the Act have been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities.

(xiii) Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 - The Act prohibits employment of children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes. Employment of child Labour is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry.

(xiv) Inter-State Migrant Workmen's (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 - The Act is applicable to an establishment which employs 5 or more inter-state migrant workmen through an intermediary (who has recruited workmen in one state for employment in the establishment situated in another state). The inter-state migrant workmen, in an establishment to which this Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical aid, traveling expenses from home up to the establishment and back, etc

(xv) The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996 - All the establishments who carry on any building or other construction work and employ 10 or more workers are covered under this Act. All such establishments are required to pay Cess at rate not exceeding 2% of the cost of construction as may be notified by the Government. The employer of the establishment is required to provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for workers near the workplace etc. The employer to whom the Act applies has to obtain a registration certificate from the Registering Officer appointed by the Government.

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Appendix 22: Sample Outline Spoils (construction waste) Management Plan

• The Spoil Management Plan should be site specific and be part of the monthly Construction Management Plan. • The contractor, in consultation with the PIU, has to find out appropriate location/s for the disposal of the excess soil generated. The spoils should be deposited only at these sites. • Further precautions need to be taken in case of the contaminated spoils • The vehicle carrying the spoil should be covered properly. • The spoils generating from each site should be removed on the same day or immediately after the work is complete. The site / road should be restored to the original condition.

I. Spoils information The spoil information contains the details like a) The type / material, b) Potential contamination by that type, c) Expected volume (site / component specific), d) Spoil Classification etc.

II. Spoils management The Spoil Management section gives the details of a) Transportation of spoil b) disposal site details c) Precautions taken d) Volume of contaminated spoil, if present, d) Suggested reuse of disposal of the spoil

III. Documentation The volume of spoil generated (site specific, date wise), site disposed, reuse / disposal details should be documented properly.

Appendix 1: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan

A. Principles for TMP around the Water Pipes Construction Sites

1. One of the prime objectives of this TMP is to ensure the safety of all the road users along the work zone, and to address the following issues: (i) the safety of pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists travelling through the construction zone; (ii) protection of work crews from hazards associated with moving traffic; (iii) mitigation of the adverse impact on road capacity and delays to the road users; (iv) maintenance of access to adjoining properties; and (v) addressing issues that may delay the project.

B. Operating Policies for TMP

2. The following principles will help promote safe and efficient movement for all road users (motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians, including persons with disabilities) through and around work zones while reasonably protecting workers and equipment. (i) Make traffic safety and temporary traffic control an integral and high-priority element of project from planning through design, construction, and maintenance. (ii) Inhibit traffic movement as little as possible.

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(iii) Provide clear and positive guidance to drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians as they approach and travel through the temporary traffic control zone. (iv) Inspect traffic control elements routinely, both day and night, and make modifications when necessary. (v) Pay increased attention to roadside safety in the vicinity of temporary traffic control zones. (vi) Train all persons that select, place, and maintain temporary traffic control devices. (vii) Keep the public well informed. (viii) Make appropriate accommodation for abutting property owners, residents, businesses, emergency services, railroads, commercial vehicles, and transit operations.

3. Figure A2 to Figure A12illustrates the operating policy for TMP for the construction of water pipes and the sewers along various types of roads.

C. Analyze the impact due to street closure

4. Apart from the capacity analysis, a final decision to close a particular street and divert the traffic should involve the following steps:

(i) approval from the ULB/Public Works Department (PWD) to use the local streets as detours; (ii) consultation with businesses, community members, traffic police, PWD, etc, regarding the mitigation measures necessary at the detours where the road is diverted during the construction; (iii) determining of the maximum number of days allowed for road closure, and incorporation of such provisions into the contract documents; (iv) determining if additional traffic control or temporary improvements are needed along the detour route; (v) considering how access will be provided to the worksite; (vi) contacting emergency service, school officials, and transit authorities to determine if there are impacts to their operations; and (vii) developing a notification program to the public so that the closure is not a surprise. As part of this program, the public should be advised of alternate routes that commuters can take or will have to take as result of the traffic diversion.

5. If full road-closure of certain streets within the area is not feasible due to inadequate capacity of the detour street or public opposition, the full closure can be restricted to weekends with the construction commencing on Saturday night and ending on Monday morning prior to the morning peak period.

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Figure 18: Policy Steps for the TMP

• Review construction schedule and methods Review

Traffic Re- • Identify initial traffic recirculation and control policy Circulation

• Identify routes for traffic diversions Traffic • Analyse adverse impact & mitigation at the detours Diversions

• Begin community consultation for consensus Full Road • Finalise or determine alternate detours Colsures

• Identify temporary parking (on and off -street ) Temporary • Discuss with CMC, owner, community for use parking

• Coordinate with theTraffic Police to enforce traffic and diversions Police Coordination

• Install traffic control devices (traffic cones, sgns, lightings, etc) Install control devices

• Conduct campaigns, publicity, and notify public about street closure Awareness

• Develop a mechanism to address public grievances regarding disruptons (traffic, utilities, and Public diversions) Redress

D. Public awareness and notifications

6. As per discussions in the previous sections, there will be travel delays during the constructions, as is the case with most construction projects, albeit on a reduced scale if utilities and traffic management are properly coordinated. There are additional grounds for travel delays in the area, as most of the streets lack sufficient capacity to accommodate additional traffic from diverted traffic as a result of street closures to accommodate the works.

6. The awareness campaign and the prior notification for the public will be a continuous activity which the project will carry out to compensate for the above delays and minimize public claims as result of these problems. These activities will take place sufficiently in advance of the time when the roadblocks or traffic diversions take place at the particular streets. The reason for this is to allow sufficient time for the public and residents to understand the changes to their travel plans. The project will notify the public about the roadblocks and traffic diversion through public notices, ward level meetings and city level meeting with the elected representatives.

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7. The PIU will also conduct an awareness campaign to educate the public about the following issues:

(i) traffic control devices in place at the work zones (signs, traffic cones, barriers, etc.); (ii) defensive driving behaviour along the work zones; and (iii) reduced speeds enforced at the work zones and traffic diversions.

8. It may be necessary to conduct the awareness programs/campaigns on road safety during construction.

9. The campaign will cater to all types of target groups i.e. children, adults, and drivers. Therefore, these campaigns will be conducted in schools and community centres. In addition, the project will publish a brochure for public information. These brochures will be widely circulated around the area and will also be available at the PIU, and the contractor's site office. The text of the brochure should be concise to be effective, with a lot of graphics. It will serve the following purpose:

(i) explain why the brochure was prepared, along with a brief description of the project; (ii) advise the public to expect the unexpected; (iii) educate the public about the various traffic control devices and safety measures adopted at the work zones; (iv) educate the public about the safe road user behaviour to emulate at the work zones; (v) tell the public how to stay informed or where to inquire about road safety issues at the work zones (name, telephone, mobile number of the contact person; and (vi) indicate the office hours of relevant offices.

E. Install traffic control devices at the work zones and traffic diversion routes

10. The purpose of installing traffic control devices at the work zones is to delineate these areas to warn, inform, and direct the road users about a hazard ahead, and to protect them as well as the workers. As proper delineation is a key to achieve the above objective, it is important to install good traffic signs at the work zones. The following traffic control devices are used in work zones:

• Signs • Pavement Markings • Channelizing Devices • Arrow Panels • Warning Lights

11. Procedures for installing traffic control devices at any work zone vary, depending on road configuration, location of the work, construction activity, duration, traffic speed and volume, and pedestrian traffic. Work will take place along major roads, and the minor internal roads. As such, the traffic volume and road geometry vary. The main roads carry considerable traffic; internal roads in the new city areas are wide but in old city roads very narrow and carry considerable traffic. However, regardless of where the construction takes place, all the work

147 zones should be cordoned off, and traffic shifted away at least with traffic cones, barricades, and temporary signs (temporary “STOP” and “GO”).

12. Figure A2 to Figure A6 illustrates a typical set-up for installing traffic control devices at the work zone of the area, depending on the location of work on the road way, and road geometrics: • Work on shoulder or parking lane • Shoulder or parking lane closed on divided road • Work in Travel lane • Lane closure on road with low volume • Street closure with detour

13. The work zone should take into consideration the space required for a buffer zone between the workers and the traffic (lateral and longitudinal) and the transition space required for delineation, as applicable. For the works, a 30 cm clearance between the traffic and the temporary STOP and GO signs should be provided. In addition, at least 60 cm is necessary to install the temporary traffic signs and cones.

14. Traffic police should regulate traffic away from the work zone and enforce the traffic diversion result from full street closure in certain areas during construction. Flagggers/ personnel should be equipped with reflective jackets at all times and have traffic control batons (preferably the LED type) for regulating the traffic during night time.

16. In addition to the delineation devices, all the construction workers should wear fluorescent safety vests and helmets in order to be visible to the motorists at all times. There should be provision for lighting beacons and illumination for night constructions.

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Figure A2 & A3: Work on shoulder or parking lane & Shoulder or parking lane closed on divided road

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Figure A4 & A5: Work in Travel lane & Lane closure on road with low volume

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Figure A6: Street closure with detour

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Appendix 24: Quarterly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer

1. Introduction • Overall project description and objectives • Description of sub-projects • Environmental category of the sub-projects • Details of site personnel and/or consultants responsible for environmental monitoring • Overall project and sub-project progress and status

Status of Sub-Project Sub-Project List of Progress No. Design Pre- Construction Operational Name Works of Works Construction Phase            

2. Compliance status with National/ State/ Local statutory environmental requirements No. Sub-Project Name Statutory Environmental Status of Action Required Requirements Compliance

3. Compliance status with environmental loan covenants No. (List schedule and Covenant Status of Compliance Action Required paragraph number of Loan Agreement)

4. Compliance status with the environmental management and monitoring plan • Provide the monitoring results as per the parameters outlined in the EMP. Append supporting documents where applicable, including Environmental Site Inspection Reports. • There should be reporting on the following items which can be incorporated in the checklist of routine Environmental Site Inspection Report followed with a summary in the semi-annual report send to ADB. Visual assessment and review of relevant site documentation during routine site inspection needs to note and record the following: o What are the dust suppression techniques followed for site and if any dust was noted to escape the site boundaries; o If muddy water was escaping site boundaries or muddy tracks were seen on adjacent roads; o adequacy of type of erosion and sediment control measures installed on site, condition of erosion and sediment control measures including if these were intact following heavy rain; o Are their designated areas for concrete works, and refuelling;

152 o Are their spill kits on site and if there are site procedure for handling emergencies; o Is there any chemical stored on site and what is the storage condition? o Is there any dewatering activities if yes, where is the water being discharged; o How are the stockpiles being managed; o How is solid and liquid waste being handled on site; o Review of the complaint management system; o Checking if there are any activities being under taken out of working hours and how that is being managed.

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Summary Monitoring Table Impacts (List Mitigation Parameters Monitored (As a Method of Location of Date of Name of Person from IEE) Measures (List minimum those identified in Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Who Conducted from IEE) the IEE should be monitored) Conducted the Monitoring Design Phase

Pre-Construction Phase

Construction Phase

Operational Phase

Overall Compliance with CEMP/ EMP No. Sub-Project Name EMP/ CEMP Part of CEMP/ EMP Being Status of Implementation Action Proposed and Contract Documents Implemented (Y/N) (Excellent/ Satisfactory/ Partially Additional Measures (Y/N) Satisfactory/ Below Satisfactory) Required

5. Approach and methodology for environmental monitoring of the project • Brief description on the approach and methodology used for environmental monitoring of each sub-project

6. Monitoring of environmental impacts on project surroundings (ambient air, water quality and noise levels) • Brief discussion on the basis for monitoring • Indicate type and location of environmental parameters to be monitored • Indicate the method of monitoring and equipment to be used • Provide monitoring results and an analysis of results in relation to baseline data and statutory requirements

As a minimum the results should be presented as per the tables below.

Air Quality Results Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location 3 3 3 PM10 µg/m SO2 µg/m NO2 µg/m

Parameters (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location 3 3 3 PM10 µg/m SO2 µg/m NO2 µg/m

Water Quality Results Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN TP mg/L µS/cm mg/L mg/L mg/L

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Parameters (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN TP mg/L µS/cm mg/L mg/L mg/L

Noise Quality Results LA (dBA) (Government Standard) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location eq Day Time Night Time

LA (dBA) (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location eq Day Time Night Time

7. Summary of key issues and remedial actions • Summary of follow up time-bound actions to be taken within a set timeframe.

8. Appendixes • Photos • Summary of consultations • Copies of environmental clearances and permits • Sample of environmental site inspection report • Other

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APPENDIX 25: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INSPECTION REPORT

Project Name Contract Number

NAME: ______DATE: ______TITLE: ______DMA: ______LOCATION: ______GROUP: ______

WEATHER: Project Survey Activity Design Stage Implementation Pre-Commissioning Guarantee Period

Monitoring Items Compliance Compliance marked as Yes / No / Not applicable (NA) / Partially Implemented (PI) EHS supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site Archaeological Supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site Construction site management plan (spoils, safety, schedule, equipment etc.,) prepared Dust is under control Excavated soil properly placed within minimum space Construction area is confined; no traffic/pedestrian entry observed Surplus soil/debris/waste is disposed without delay Construction material (sand/gravel/aggregate) brought to site as & when required only Tarpaulins used to cover sand & other loose material when transported by vehicles After unloading , wheels & undercarriage of vehicles cleaned prior to leaving the site No AC pipes disturbed/removed during excavation No chance finds encountered during excavation Work is planned in consultation with traffic police Work is not being conducted during heavy traffic Work at a stretch is completed within a day (excavation, pipe laying & backfilling) Pipe trenches are not kept open unduly Road is not completely closed; work is conducted on edge; at least one line is kept open Road is closed; alternative route provided & public informed, information board provided Pedestrian access to houses is not blocked due to pipe laying Spaces left in between trenches for access Wooden planks/metal sheets provided across trench for pedestrian No public/unauthorized entry observed in work site Children safety measures (barricades, security) in place at works in residential areas Prior public information provided about the work, schedule and disturbances Caution/warning board provided on site Guards with red flag provided during work at busy roads Workers using appropriate PPE (boots, gloves, helmets, ear muffs etc) Workers conducting or near heavy noise work is provided with ear muffs Contractor is following standard & safe construction practices Deep excavation is conducted with land slip/protection measures First aid facilities are available on site and workers informed Drinking water provided at the site

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Toilet facility provided at the site Separate toilet facility is provided for women workers Workers camps are maintained cleanly Adequate toilet & bath facilities provided Contractor employed local workers as far as possible Workers camp set up with the permission of PIU Adequate housing provided Sufficient water provided for drinking/washing/bath No noisy work is conducted in the nights Local people informed of noisy work No blasting activity conducted Pneumatic drills or other equipment creating vibration is not used near old/risky buildings

Signature ______

Sign off

______Name Name Position Position

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Appendix 26: Sample Grievance Registration Form (To be available in Hindi and English)

The ______Project welcomes complaints, suggestions, queries, and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback. Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing *(CONFIDENTIAL)* above your name. Thank you.

Date Place of registration Project Town

Project: Contact information/personal details Name Gender * Male Age * Female Home address Place Phone no. E-mail Complaint/suggestion/comment/question Please provide the details (who, what, where, and how) of your grievance below:

If included as attachment/note/letter, please tick here: How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Registered by: (Name of official registering grievance)

Mode of communication: Note/letter E-mail Verbal/telephonic Reviewed by: (Names/positions of officials reviewing grievance)

Action taken:

Whether action taken disclosed: Yes No Means of disclosure:

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