Micia a temple of Patriae deities of the Maurs of numerus Maurorum restaured veterans or civilians. After 106, a large part of the soldiers released were endowed during Septimius Severus and Caracalla, onother temple or fanum dedicated to with land across Dacia, or in the south western part of it. For now, from an IOM Hierapoliotanus from Syria was discovered in the site called ,“at the border” archaeological point of view, such agricultural farms (villae rusticae) have been from Micia. Though reduced in number, so far, these temples modest in architectural unveilled near important army settlements and on urban grounds of later Ulpia structure demonstrate the existence of places of worship in this environment of Trajana Sarmizegetusa, Drobeta, Tibiscum and Dierna. These were simple structures, vican settlements. Other buildings of public character are not known so far in south representing the houses, buildings with 3 or 5 rooms. The most significant of the west Dacia. villae rusticae were discovered near Tibiscum at Iaz (1), Caransebeş (2); railroad Triaj Alongside Micia and Tibiscum we know the vican settlements around the Caransebeş (1) etc. Criciova (1); Brebu (1), maybe one at Dalboşeţ and Lăpuşnicel. forts from Praetorium (), , Arcidava (Vărădia) (possibly?), Ad Another area dominated by rural farms was established around the fort of Pannonios (Teregova), perhaps Dierna (Orşova). The settlements developed near Praetorium. They are not archaeologically confirmed, but a few funerary inscriptions the Roman fortifications helped strengthen their economic relations with the army mention magisters and individuals that held important functions in the first decades they serve, but also by standing trade contacts with local and adjacent barbarian of the 2nd century inside Colonia Dacica, a real sign of the fact that the veterans world. They stand up as the most important centers of Roman culture in the region. and civillians settling here were endowed with land on their arrival. On isolated Rural settlement. There are little known rural settlements in south west of grounds, in the Almăj valley, a few agrarian settlements were discovered at Dacia most of them being identified throughout surface research, and only in few Lăpuşnicel, Cărbunari perhaps Petnic (“Selişte”) and (“la Odăi”). Archaeo- cases on their territory small surveys were conducted. In one case mapping information logically documented number of rural settlements is reduced. is mentioned on Tabula Peutingeriana indicating Ad Pannonios (identified at Urban centres of south west Dacia. The economic development of the province Teregova). found north of the Danube alongside the aspects concerning the social status of its A rural settlement could be that found on the Dierna–Tibiscum imperial road, population, the cultural life as it was, influenced the endowment of some settlements to known as Tibiscum, that practically doubles the toponym found on the left bank of the rank of municipia by emperor Septimius Severus. In south west Dacia, two Timiş and that could represent an indigenous settlement, not researched so far. Its towns existed Tibiscum and Dierna each bearing its own destiny. The first one place in the territory has been identified. It is situated on the imperial road mentioned based its development on the army whose needs ensurred the economic prosperity above near the place where it joints the other imperial road from Lederata–Tibiscum. needed for positive evolution. The second, Dierna, judging by discoveries done so Near the great fort from Tibiscum on the left bank of Timiş, at approx. 550 m far was a first class trading point of Dacia an knew only civil evolution. north of the northern fortification premises researches have been carried out in the Tibiscum. The placement of ancient Tibiscum is still in debate among rural settlement of Zăgujeni site (village C. Daicoviciu, Caraş ), where specialists. One generalized opinion would reffer to the fact that the military vicus several wooden houses have been found with modest archaeological inventory, it is or in any case the settlement that shaped itself on the left Timiş river bank, in the true, but having Roman origin. site, called “Peste ziduri”, would have been the ancient city. The second opinion, Near a construction of rural farming type in Criciova, from “Tramnic” site expressed long time ago, initiated by Ortvay Tivadar sustained that the civil and north west at approx. 1500 m, in the spot called “Râtul lui Mocrean”, found on settlement was formed at the imperial crossroadss. We subscribe to this second Timiş river bank, a Dacian-Roman settlement was identified, having semi hut opinion having documentary sources and considerations to sustain it. housing type with specific inventory. At Greoni, to the “Budoviţei Valley” point, in The civil urban settlement formed along the Dierna–Tibiscum imperial road. 1964 a rural settlement with dwellings of adobe and wood surface has been It was a place where a civil community was established in time. Epigrafical and identified, datable during Dacia province. archeological sources lack for now. At the beginning, the settlement developed on A distinctive place in the ancient landscape holds the thermal resort of the right side of the antic road, where habitated marks are often revealed. We have Ad Mediam (Herculane) identified by a number of inscriptions dedicated by important no clues on the existence of an autochtonous settlement on the spot, but Dacian personalities of Dacia and other neighboring areas, along with commoners. Most elements are documented bu archaeological researches carried on the entire territory numerous invocations are made for Hercules, generally known as a protective deity of ancient Tibiscum (II, III forts and inside the great fort) alongside houses and of thermal waters. A cartographic document of the Eighteenth century has enabled workshops, fact evidentiated by the large ammount of handicrafted ceramics, the identification of a significant number of constructions as the two thermae having Dacian origins found. complex and a temple of Hercules and other gods. The resort had an important role Dierna. The ancient civilian settlement formed along the Danube, in the in transhumance flocks due to the protectiveness of Hercules. narrow space found between the river and the hilly area nearby. Reconstructing the A distinctive feature in rural habitation from the Roman Empire provinces area of development for ancient Dierna was realised after the location of random would have been given by rural farms found in the centre of the land received by archaeological discoveries found in time and kept in the deposits of the local

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