DEMOCRATS

Carter's Road Show Though the suspense-filled Repub- lican struggle has temporarily forced Jimmy Carter out of the spotlight, the Democratic presidential nominee is in no danger of reverting to the "Jimmy who?" of pre-primary days. He is, in fact, continuing to exude—and to con- vey—such an aura of confidence that ed- itors of the Scribner-Bantam English Dictionary have thrown caution to the winds. For a new edition to appear next January, they drafted an entry reading: "Carter, James /kart'ar/ n (1924- ) 39th president of the US. 1977- ." Although the listing can be deleted if Carter should lose the election on Nov. 2, Carter has no intention of putting the editors to that trouble. While the G.O.P. was preparing for its Kansas City showdown, Carter's campaign had all the characteristics of a new play being tried out on the road before its Broadway opening. The re- views were generally good but not over- whelming. In swings to Manchester, N.H., Washington, D.C., Atlanta, and UMPIRE RALPH NADER SIZING UP JIMMY CARTER DURING SOFTBALL GAME IN PLAINS, GA. Charleston, W. Va., the nominee shored A promise of a new broom in Washington to sweep the Government clean. up his liberal credentials (actually, he prefers to call them populist), attacked like him and want to do all I can." publicans. Carter was making good pro- the Republicans as corrupt, incompe- There were a couple of sour notes. gress preparing for the campaign. His tent and insensitive, and referred to Interpreting a poll by Patrick Caddell national campaign staff—now consist- the "Nixon-Ford Administration." He as rating John Connally low on integ- ing of 325 paid workers but scheduled evoked applause from an American Bar rity. Carter in an interview needlessly to grow to 700 or 800 by the fall—has Association audience when he vowed added that only Alabama Governor moved into new headquarters; three up- "to take a new broom to Washington George Wallace ranked lower. The re- per floors of the 24-story Colony Square and do everything possible to sweep the mark recalled similarly gratuitous com- building on Atlanta's Peachtree Street . house of Government clean." ments that Carter had made during the One indication of Carter's strength Wooing Nader. Carter's road show primaries about Hubert Humphrey and emerged not from his own camp but was boffo with Consumer Advocate Ted Kennedy, and a number of the from the embattled White House. Ralph Nader, who proclaimed Carter Georgian's Southern supporters let him Should Ford win the nomination, the "a breath of fresh air." During a visit know that they were unhappy about it. President's strategists said, he might with Carter in Plains, Ga., the gener- Carter lost no time in telephoning Wal- challenge Carter to a series of debates. ally aloof Nader even allowed himself lace in Montgomery, Ala., to apologize. That would be a switch. It has usually to be roped into umpiring a softball Carter also spoke scornfully of a been the challenger who has tried—gen- game—the only one Pitcher Carter has practice pursued by Richard Nixon and erally without success—to persuade the lost in eight outings. (Joking about Na- Gerald Ford (and quite a few other Pres- incumbent to debate. But then, not many it der's performance as an umpire, Carter idents, though Carter neglected to say challengers have enjoyed a 2-to-I mar- later quipped: "Both sides said he was so): appointing "unsuccessful candi- gin over the incumbent in the early polls. lousy—and I can't disagree with that.") dates" to cushy Government posts. One Two days after the Plains visit, Nader of the appointees specifically included introduced Carter at a Public Citizen fo- in a staff-produced paper backing up the CRIME rum in Washington, at which the nom- generalized claim was CIA Director inee endorsed many of the ideas Nader George Bush, who went from a losing has pushed for a decade: stronger an- Texas senatorial campaign to become Deep Six for Johnny titrust enforcement, an end to the U.N. ambassador, then Republican Na- They buried him in the classic style. "sweetheart" arrangement whereby tional Committee chairman, then U.S His body was sealed in an empty 55- many federal appointees come to Gov- liaison chief in Peking, and now holds gal. oil drum. Heavy chains were coiled ernment agencies from the very indus- the nation's top intelligence job. Short- around the container, and holes were tries they are supposed to regulate, tax ly after the speech. Bush came to Plains punched in the sides. Then the drum reform, and the need for a consumer for a six-hour briefing of Carter on na- was dumped in the waters off . protection agency. tional security matters. Carter later told It might have stayed on the bottom in- Another friendly pilgrim to Plains, reporters that the use of Bush's name definitely—except that the gases caused California Governor Jerry Brown, told was the result of a staffer's mistake, and by the decomposing body gave the drum reporters that the man he had beaten he publicly apologized to the CIA direc- buoyancy and floated it to the surface. in several primaries can not only carry tor. At the same time, however, he crit- Three fishermen found it in Dumfound- California but "can carry any state in icized another Republican appointee. ling Bay near North Beach. Po- the nation." Do Carter and Brown like 1-131 Director Clarence Kelley, for losing lice checked out the fingerprints of the each other? Observed Brown. "Well, I control of the bureau and strongly hint- victim with the Fut and made the iden- don't know ... I try to work with ed that he would go if Carter becomes tification: John Roselli, 71. a Mafia sol- everybody, and as far as I know, I President. dier of fortune who had been involved think Carter is a good person. I Still, compared with the raucous Re- in some amazing capers—and made TIME, AUGUST 23, 1976 23 THE NATION

the mistake of telling about them, ered by the CIA. For reasons that re- in her words, a "close, personal" rela- Someone had asphyxiated the old main unclear, the mobsters muffed the tionship with President John F. Ken- ri man, which should not have been hard, job. nedy. The committee, trying to deter- since he was suffering from emphysema, Five days before RoseIli's testimony, mine if Kennedy had known about the Suspicion quickly centered on the Ma- Giancana had been murdered in his Oak CIA's plans to eliminate Castro, won- fia itself. During the final years of his Park, Ill., home by seven .22 bullets fired dered if Exner might have told the Pres- life, Roselli made two cardinal errors. at close range into his face and neck . ident about the activities of Roselli and He called public attention to the oper- As it happened, Giancana was due to Giancana. The investigation turned up ations of the Mafia and, much worse, be called before the same Senate com- no evidence that she had. he betrayed one of its members. mittee. The FBI now believes that Gian- Roselli was one of a breed that is dy- In June 1975, Roselli was called to cana was killed not because of his CIA- ing off—usually by murder. Born Filip- testify before a special Senate Intelli- Castro connection but as a result of a bit- po Sacco in , he entered the U.S. il- gence Committee that was looking into ter over dividing the Mob's spoils legally as a child and remained in the excesses of the CIA. Customarily, in . trouble for most of his life. In the '20s, he members of the Mafia clam up when A The Third Man. During his testi- was a recruit in 's Chicago they get within 100 miles of a Senate mony, Roselli not only talked freely gang, reportedly as an arsonist, then committee. Roselli not only talked—he rvJ about Giancana but also claimed that moved on to bookmaking and numbers provided the details of a startling story. a third person took part in the anti- In the late '30s, Roselli became the ATI.11/01-m101.61.04 •Ofr Chicago Mob's man in Hollywood and was subsequently jailed for three years for plotting, with seven others, to extort $1 million from movie companies. The muscle: threatening to use a Mafia-con- trolled union of stagehands to close down production unless the studios paid up. Even so, the dapper, debonair Ro- selli remained a luminary of sorts in Hol- lywood. He married a starlet, got a piece of two , and helped produce two crime films in the late 1940s, Can- yon City and He Walked by Night, Says a producer who knew him at the time: "He had direct knowledge about pris- ons and cops." In the early '50s, Roselli even be- came a member of the Friars Club, Hol- lywood's frat house. He was backed by none other than Comedian Georgie Jes- sel, the club's founder. "There were other members who had served sentenc- es," Jessel recalled last week. "1 said anyone who had paid his debt to so- ciety was O.K., so I made him a Friar." Fleecing Friars. Roselli got along famously with the Jessel-Sinatra crowd, but again temptation got in his way. In 1968 he and four others were convicted of swindling members of the Friars—in- cluding Comedians Phil Silvers and Zeppo Marx and Singer Tony Martin —out of some 5400,000 by cheating at cards. The elaborate fleecing system in- volved observers in the attic who peered through peepholes to read the cards of the players. They then flashed coded electronic signals to a member of the JOHN ROSELLI LEAVING HEARING BEFORE THE SENATE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE ring seated at the table, who picked up Stuffed into on oil drum, Mafia-style, for talking too much. the messages on equipment he wore on a girdle beneath his clothes. Roselli described how he and his Castro plot: Santo Trafficante, now in Before going to jail to serve eleven longtime mentor, onetime Chicago Ma- his mid-60s, who has been identified as months for that caper, Roselli was bold fia Chief Momo Salvatore ("Sam") the Mafia chief in Florida. A man who enough to betray the Mafia in 1970. At Giancana, had been recruited by the CIA abhors publicity even more than most the time, a federal grand jury was in the early '60s to assassinate Fidel of his colleagues, Trafficante took ref- investigating charges that the Mob had Castro. It made a kind of amoral sense uge for 18 months in Costa Rica to es- illegally concealed its interest in the for the agency to turn to the Mob: when cape his notoriety. He returned to the Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas. Roselli, by the Cuban leader took power, he closed US. shortly after Roselli talked to the then the Chicago Mob's top man in Las down the Mafia's big moneymaking op- Senate committee. Vegas, talked about the scheme after be- erations in Havana; Roselli had been Three months after Roselli's first ap- ing given a pledge of immunity. One of running the swank Sans Souci gambling pearance before the Senate committee. the men he discussed was Chicago's casino there. Roselli told the Senators he was called back. This time he told an- Tony Accardo. that he also saw the killing of Castro as other startling story: how he and Gian- After getting out of jail in 1971, a "patriotic" endeavor, something he Ro- cana had shared the affections of an at- selli again supervised the Chicago Mob's could do for his country. Both poisoned tractive brunette named Judith Camp- gambling interests in Las Vegas, while cigars and poisoned pills were consid- bell Exner at a time when she also had. living quietly with his sister, Mrs. Jo- 24 TIME, AUGUST 23. 1976 seph Daigle, in Plantation. Fla., just west the Harrises' guilt was "a foregone con- were convicted of assault. All three of Fort Lauderdale. He was, his neigh- clusion." a claim that Pruyn later de- could be given life in prison, but Spain bors said, a nice, silver-haired gentle- nied on the stand. An old newspaper and Pinell are already under that sen- man who liked to walk his poodle and carrying a story on Patty Hearst's kid- tence, and Johnson is serving a 15-year talk about such local worries as the cat- naping was found in a men's room used maximum term for burglary. Still under erpillars. Although he had arthritis of by members of the jury. While the jury indictment for conspiring in the escape the spine, he played golf regularly. Af- was being selected. three persons—who attempt: activist Attorney Stephen Bing- ter another local underworld character did not become jurors themselves—were ham, the nephew of New York Con- 0 was killed recently on the links, Roselli seen by some chosen jurors making gressman Jonathan Bingham and took the precaution of never playing the models of nooses on gallows. Despite grandson of a former Connecticut Gov- same course twice in a row. Still, he re- Weinglass's emphasis on these events, ernor and U.S. Senator. The state charg- jected his lawyer's advice to hire a legal experts pointed out that appeals es that Bingham slipped a 9-mm. Span- bodyguard. Asked Johnny Roselli: are seldom won on such grounds, par- ish Astra pistol to Jackson, who hid it "Why would they want to kill an old ticularly when a strong case is made under an Afro-style wig and used it in man like me?" against the defendants. the assault. A fugitive from justice, Bing- Aside from his proclivity for disclos- The Harrises' legal problems do not barn is thought to be in Canada. ing Mafia secrets, Roselli could have end with this case They still must stand THE MANSON "FAMILY." The state been killed, federal investigators sug- trial in Oakland on a federal charge: tak- court of appeals ruled that Leslie Van gest, because some members of his old ing part in the February 1974 Chicago Mob—including Tony Accardo kidnaping of Patty, the vio- —felt he had been keeping more than lent event that began the his share of the Las Vegas boodle. Fol- heiress's involvement with lowing another theory, some Senators the tiny sect of S.L.A. terror- who had once laughed at his jokes dur- ists. As for Patty, she is still ing his sessions on the Hill called on undergoing psychiatric test- the Department of Justice to find out ing in San Diego while await- why he was murdered. U.S. Attorney ing sentencing for bank rob- General Edward H. Levi ordered the FBI bery. She also remains under to determine whether Johnny Roselli's indictment on the same testimony about the ciA plot to get Cas- charges brought against the tro might somehow have led to his end Harrises as a result of the in- in an oil drum bobbing on the surface cident at Mel's Sporting of Dumfoundling Bay. Goods Store. THE SAN QUENTIN SIX. After a trial of 16 months TRIALS costing more than S2 million —both California records—a Three for the Books jury in San Rafael finally made up its mind about the After long and contentious trials in San Quentin Six, a group of California courts, verdicts were handed convicts accused of having down last week in three well-publicized taken part in a spectacular, cases involving social revolution and bloody and unsuccessful es- violence: cape attempt on Aug. 21, 1971. Three were convicted, THE HARRISES. The defendant began three acquitted. The trial fol- smiling as the foreman of the jury in lowed a series of violent the Los Angeles courtroom declared him events centering on George innocent of six counts of assault with a Jackson, a black prisoner and deadly weapon. He continued to smile social revolutionary whose as the jury reduced two charges of armed bitter writings about life be- robbery to the lesser crime of "taking a hind bars became a pop- vehicle"—the term usually applied to ular book (Soledad Brother: joyriding. Then William Harris stopped The Prison Letters of George smiling. Harris. 31, and his wife Emily, Jackson). 29, listened impassively as they were In 1970 Jackson and two found guilty of two counts of kidnaping other inmates at California's MANSON GIRLS (VAN HOUTEN, RIGHT) ON WAY TO COURT and one of armed robbery for incidents Soledad Prison (the "Soledad A new trial for one of the Monson girls. connected with the shooting fracas in Brothers") were accused of 1974 at Mel's Sporting Goods Store in murdering a guard. Before they went on Houten. 27, deserved a new trial on Los Angeles. When sentenced later this trial, Jackson's younger brother Jona- charges that she had joined five mem- month, the two still defiant members of than led a raid on the Marin County bers of Charles Manson's bloodthirsty • the Symbionese liberation Army—and courthouse in an unsuccessful attempt to cult in killing Actress Sharon Tate and Patty Hearst's old traveling companions capture hostages to exchange for the six others in 1969. The court found that —could be sent to jail for life. trio. Jonathan Jackson, two convicts and Van Houten had been denied a fair tri- The Harrises intend to appeal, the judge were all killed. A year later, al because her lawyer, Ronald Hughes, maintaining that the jury was prejudiced George Jackson himself was killed while disappeared while the case was in pro- against them. Defense Attorney Leon- leading an attempt to flee San Quentin. gress; he has still not been found. But ard Weinglass insisted that the five men During the struggle, three guards were the three-judge panel denied the appeals and seven women who debated the Har- shot or choked to death. Three others of Manson. Susan Atkins and Patricia rises' fate for 814 days had been "taint- suffered throat wounds, but survived to Krenwinkel. who claimed that pretrial ed." Two members of the jury panel, give dramatic, husky-voiced testimony publicity and improper conduct by the who were not selected for the final at the trial. Johnny L. Spain was found prosecution had denied them justice. twelve, accused Juror Ronald F. Pruyn guilty of murder and conspiring to es- Manson. Atkins and Krenwinkel had all of saying in advance of the trial that cape. David Johnson and Hugo Pine!' been given life sentences earlier

TIME. AUGUST 23, 1976 25