Periodic Compliance Assessment Report 2012 as per Equator Principles
Bhushan Power and Steel Ltd. Village: Thelkoloi; Thesil: Rengali District: Samabalpur; Orissa
Section - 1 Introduction 5 C O Section - 2 Review & Categorisation 22 N Section - 3 Social Environmental Impact Assessment 24 T Section - 4 Social & Environmental Standard 71 E Section - 5 Action Plan & Management System 79 N Section - 6 Consultation & Disclosure 114
T Section - 7 Grievance Mechanism 115
S Section - 8 Conclusion 116
Section - 1 : Introduction
1.1 General
Bhushan Power & Steel Limited. (BPSL) is more than three decades old Steel manufacturing & Processing Company. Presently they are having 5 plants in Chandigarh, & Derabassi and one plant in Kolkata. The Company has also successfully commissioned 2.2 MTPA Integrated Steel Project and Captive Power Plant of 506 MW at Village Thelkoloi, of District Sambalpur in the State of Odisha, India. BPSL is further expanding its manufacturing capacity to 3.0 MTPA Finished Steel at the same location. The step-by-step growth strategy of the Company has earned a place for itself in Indian Steel Industry, defying the gloom witnessed in the past in general.
1.2 Location
The existing steel plant is located 16 km from Jharsuguda town in state of Orissa and 45 km from Sambalpur Town at Village Thelkoloi, Tehsil Rengali, Post Lapanga of District Sambalpur in the state of Orissa. The steel plant is located between latitude 21°44' to 21°46' N and longitudes 84°01' to 84°03' E. Nearest Railway station is Lapanga on South Eastern Railway and nearest port is Paradeep which is about 400 km away from plant site.
Orissa Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (IDCO) had acquired the land measuring 1300 acres and transferred to Bhushan Power & Steel Limited to set up the 3.0 MTPAintegrated steel plant.
The site was considered for setting up the integrated steel project based on the following environmental advantages
• No major human settlement in the near vicinity of the site. • No Reserve Forest or Ecological Park nearby • No Wildlife Sanctuary or National Park in the vicinity • No presence of endangered species in the region • Not much agricultural land around the plant site
Environmental and Social 5 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
1.3 The Salient Features of Site
Comparable Remarks Factors
Topography Partly flat & partly undulating
Soil condition Firm and stable. Suitable for open foundation.
Water Supply From Hirakud Reservoir at a distance of 15 Km.
Power Supply From Budipadar grid sub -station at about 14 Km. distance
Rail facility Lapanga railway station at a distance of about 2 Km.
Road facility L&T road SH -10 adjacent to site.
Nearest town Jharsuguda13 Km. Sambalpur 32Km.
Requirement of Yes reservoir
Nearest port Paradeep at about 400 KM 1.4 Equator Principal and International Finance Corporation (IFC) Performance Standard Equator Principles have been prepared by Equator Principles Financial Institutions (EPFI) as a financial industry benchmark for determining, assessing and managing social and environmental risk in project financing. The Equator Principles are formulated to ensure that the project financed by EPFIs are developed in a manner which does not affect the environment and socip-economic conditions of the project area adversely. IFC Performance statndards (PS 1 through PS -8) have been developed to manage environmental and social risk and impact of a project by using sustainability platforms with other strategies, policies and initiatives to direct the project activities in order to achieve the project objectives. The requirements of IFC / Equator Principles are in line to the requirements of Factories Act, 1948, Environment Protection Rules, 1989 and various notifications issued by MOEF regarding environment protection in India. The report is based on Equator Principles / IFC guidelines and Indian Environmental Legislations and notifications.
1.5 Scope The Scope of the report is to assess the impact on environment, socio-economic condition & human habitation around the operational steel plant of BPSL as well as the expansion of the plant for producing 3.0 MTPA finished steel requirements of Environment Protection Act, 1986. The report considers the Environment Protection Rule 1989 & latest notification (March 2012 )of MOEF in relation to Environment Protection. IFC guidelines and Equator principles.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 6 Section - 1 : Introduction
1.6 EMD Organization Chart
Shri. R.N.YADAV (DIRECTOR–TECHNICAL)
DINESHYADAV (VICE-PRESIDENT)
HOD RANJIT KUMARGHOSH (General Manager –EMD) BHIMSINGHGORKHA (Manager –ED) N.K.PATTNAIK/ N.PARIDA (Asst. Manager –Environment)
Dumping Yard SOLIDWASTEMANAGEMENT DustSuppressionSystem HORTICULTURE INCHARGE WORK&INPLANT DerbaIncharge Laripali MONITORING BIJAYAKETANDAS Manoj Rana (Sr. Engineer) (Sr. Supervisor) Sunil Sahani Biswajit Choudhary SukashmayaSahu (Sr. Supervisor) (Supervisor) Supervisor) Raghawendrasingh Assistants–02Nos. NarendraBhainsa SudevKumar Sahu JagdishSeth Antarjami Sandhu Subrat Sindria Tanker Drivers –10Nos. RajendraMeher SanjeevSahoo SalegramSahu AbhishekPradhan UdhabMaharana Prodyumna DillipRabna Tanker Helpers–10Nos. BikramdutiaChand MahadevRout
Environmental and Social 7 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
1.7 Project Description PLANT AND FACILITIES The Integrated Steel Plant after completion of implementation of current expansion project will be producing 3.0 MTPAof finished steel. The process flow chart of the plant is as under:-
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 8 Section - 1 : Introduction
1.8 Selection of Technology
A progressive and visionary project proponent always aims at sustainability of plant operation without any hindrance which may occur due to changing environmental norms in foreseeable future. In view of this, BPSL always selects technology which is of world standard and will be able to meet international guidelines. BPSL has selected the following technologies in the present integrated Steel Plant which is of latest technological standards towards meeting environmental parameters. The examples are as follows: -
UNITS (in operation) TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS
DRI (Sponge Iron Plant) Lurgi, Germany
Coal Washery Humboldt Wedag, Germany
Turbo Generators (Power Plant) Siemens, Germany / BHEL, India
Arc Furnace Techint, Italy
Thin Slab Caster (CSP) & Hot Strip Mill SMS, Siemag, Germany
Sinter Plant, Blast Furnace & Coke SSIT, Beijing, China
Oven
Wire Rod Mill Daniely, Italy
Cold Rolling Mill Daniely, Italy
The technologies for the plant units which are currently under advanced stage of execution are also from the world leaders in the field as mentioned below UNITS (in construction) TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS
Beneficiation Plant Metso, Sweden, ECM, Brazil Pellet Plant Outotec, Germany For the current expansion programme for achieving 3.0 MTPA finished steel capacity the major technologies already selected for coke oven, sinter plant and blast furnace are also from world leaders with all the latest technological features towards energy conservation and eco friendly as mentioned below UNITS (in expansion) TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS
Sinter Plant based on Emission Out otec, Germany Optimized Sintering (EOS) Blast Furnace with TRT Paul Wurth, Luxembourg Coke Oven & By Product with CDQ Paul Wurth, Italy and DMT, and Wet Quenching Germany for By Product SMS & Heavy Bar Mill Daniely, Italy
The salient features of technologies and the advantages of the new proposed units finalized and contracted by BPSLso far are as discussed hereunder
Environmental and Social 9 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
Sinter Plant
S/N Technology Advantages Towards Reduction in Emission Emission Optimized Sintering Reduces substantial gas volume from stack by 50 i) (EOS) Closed Hood sintering percent and reduces PM, SO & NO emissions bed. x x Reduces consumption of coke as fuel thereby ii) Increasing Bed depth reducing SO2 in exhaust gas Improves process parameters and productivity & Fully Computerized Process iii) reduces sinter fines generation, leading to Control Operation reduction in Particulate Matter. Reduces consumption of fuel and improves iv) High Efficiency Ignition Furnace combustion efficiency , leading to reduction in NOx
Increase Bed Depth Closed Hood Sintering Bed
Emission Optimising Sintering (EOS)
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 10 Section - 1 : Introduction
Coke Oven
Technology Advantages Towards Reduction in Emission
i) Stamp Charging Dust emission is minimum. ii) Door Self Sealing No door leakage and emission of fumes iii) Special Checker Design (HSHS - Improve heating efficiency, reduces gas
High Specific Heater Surface) consumption resulting to less NOx emission
iv) Patented FAN (Flame Analysis) FAN process module monitors continuously the Technology for uniform uniform distribution of temperature over the temperature distribution over the complete area of oven which in -turn substantially
length o f heating wall of each reduces the NOx . oven
v) Patented technology for individual Improves coke oven performance due to sealed Oven Pressure Control doors. (SOPRECO) Single Oven Pressure Control System vi) Fully Computerized process Overall improvements in coke oven battery control for battery operation operation and reduction of emission load vii) Emission control system mounted Stamp Charging Substantial reduction in pushing on coal charging and coke and charging emission pushing car with stand alone bag filter. viii) Effluent Treatment Plant (BOD BOD plant of capacity 50m3/hr is proposed for Plant) treatment of waste water generating after recovery of Phenol, Cyanide, Tar and Ammonia. The treated water will be used for sprinkling in raw material stocking area. ix) Coke Dry Quenching (CDQ) Generation of electricity and improvement in pollution control.
Environmental and Social 11 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 12 Section - 1 : Introduction
Blast Furnace
S/N Technology Advantages Towards Reduction in Emission Improvement in combustion efficiency of stoves resulting in saving Patented Hot Stove Waste Gas of BF gas consumption, reduction in intake of combustion air which i) Heat Recovery System in-turn reduces the NOx emission. Also reduces the flue gas temperature to less than 120 oC
Patented Hot Stove New By induction of patented distributor in fuel injection line, it increases ii) Ceramic Burner Design the combustion efficiency and substantially reduces the NOx.
Patented SACHEM Blast It increases the process consistency , plant availability and reduces iii) Furnace Intelligent Supervision air pollution due to automatic supervision and operational control of System complete blast furnace.
Patented INBA Slag Granulation Recycling of solid waste, air pollution control through closed loop iv) System granulation and reduced emissions.
Patented PW Designed Bell Less Ensures maximum reliability of operation with high top pressure and v) Top Charging System least charging emissions
Minimizes the gas flow through selection of automatic control of vi) PLC Control Dedusting System valves from all suction points.
Top Pressure Recovery Turbine Generation of electrical energy, Enhancing BF gas top pressure vii) (TRT) control to 1.7 bar, Noise reduction,
INLET OUTLET
Gas Flow : 308000 Nm3/hr Gas Flow : 308000 Nm3/hr
o o viii) Details of Gas Cleaning Plant Temperature : 167 C Temperature : 65 C Pressure : 1.8 bar Pressure : 1.7 bar
Dust Content : 10 mg/Nm3 Dust Content : < 5 mg/Nm3
Consumption of 180 Kg/Ton of Hot Metal reduces the consumption ix) Consumption of PCI Coal of coke substantially.
x) Hot Blast Temperature 1250 oC (First time introduced in India) CO monitoring sensors to be installed at GCP area, Stove area, Cast House area and BLT area. xi) Safety Precautions for CO Gas Breathing Apparatus with Medicated Oxygen Cylinders will be placed in Cast House, GCP and StoveArea.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 13 Section - 1 : Introduction
BF taphole dedusting hoods and with cover manipulator Decrease Ambient Dust
1.9 Capacity of Plant Unit and Stage of Implementation The capacity of the production units of the plant and status of implementation is indicated in the below table 1.1
Table 1.1 - Capacity of plant Unit and Status of Implementation
S/N Facility Unit Capacity Remarks 1 Coal Washery MTPA 4.5 In Operation 2 Iron Ore Beneficiation TPH 1200 Under Construction plant 3 Pellet Plant MTPA 3.85 Under Construction
4 10x500 in Operation
DR Kiln TPD 14 x 500 2x500 Under Construction
2x500 Work not started 5 1x105 In Operation 2 Sinter Plant m 1x105 + 1x204/218 1x204/218 under 3.0 MTPA expansion 6 2x0.45 (Non- 1x0.45 In Operation recovery) Coke oven battery MTPA 1x1.00 (Limited 1x1.0 Under 3.0 MTPA Recovery) expansion
7 1x1008 1x1008 In operation Blast Furnace with SGP 3 M Under 3.0 MTPA 1x2015 Expansion
Environmental and Social 14 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
S/N Facility Unit Capacity Remarks 8 Steel making and casting unit 4x90/100 In Operation
EAF Tons 6x90/100 2x90/100 under 3.0 MTPA expansion
IF Tons 4x15 3x15 In Operation
4x90/100 + 1x15 In Operation LF Tons 6x90/100 + 1x15 2x90/100 under 3.0 MTPA expansion
Alloy smelter MVA 4x16 Work not started 1x2 + 2x4 in Operation Billet caster Strand 1x2 + 2x4 + 1x3 1x3 under 3.0 MTPA Exp.
Thin slab caster Strand 2x1 2x1 In Operation
2x100 under 3.0 MTPA VD/AOD Tons 3x100 expansion 1x2 under 3.0 MTPA Bloom Caster Strand 1x2 expansion 9 CSP Plant (HRM) MTPA 1.8 In Operation 10 Wire Drawing Unit MTPA 0.45 In Operation
11 under 3.0 MTPA Heavy Bar/Bright Bar Mill MTPA 0.55 expansion 12 Pipe and Tube mill MTPA 0.2 In Operation 13 Cold Rolling Mill (CRM) MTPA 1 In Operation
14 Galvanising/Galvolume MTPA 0.5 In Operation unit 15 Colour Coating Unit MTPA 0.45 In Operation
16 1x400 in operation Oxygen Plant TPD 1x400 + 1x600/660 1x 660 under commissioning 17 2x300 in Operation
Lime plant TPD 3x300 + 1x600 1x300+1x600 under 3.0 MTPA expansion 18 1x300 In Operation Dolo plant TPD 1x300 + 1x100 1x100 under 3.0 MTPA expansion
Environmental and Social 15 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
19 376 MW In Operation Captive Power Plant MW 560 130 MW Under Commissioning
20 Slag Cement Plant MTPA 1 Work not started
1.9 Requirement and Source of Raw Materials At present the basic raw material like iron ore, coking and non-cocking coal required for steel production are purchased by the company and these raw material come by rail and partially by road. The annual requirement of major raw materials and its sources and mode of transport at 3.0 MTPA indicated in the below table:
Table 1.2 : Annual requirement of major raw materials at 3.0 MTPA Sl. Raw Material Gross Sources Mode of No. Qty (tpa) Transport
1 Iron ore fines 6,500,000 Bansapni Rail (Beneficiation plant) 2 Iron ore fine 1,459,000 Bansapni Rail (Sinter Plant) 3 Coking coal 19,36,000 Imported Rail 4 PCI Coal 350,000 Imported Rail 5 Non-coking coal 7,554680 IB Valley Rail 6 Limestone (BF Grade 3,81,000 Bansapni Rail/Road 7 Limestone (SMS 636,000 Imported Rail Grade) 8 Dolomite (BF Grade) 2,98,000 Baradwar Rail/Road 9 Dolomite (SMS 1,16,000 Baradwar Rail/Road Grade) 11 Dolomite (DR Grade) 63,000 Baradwar Rail/Road 12 Quartzite 110,500 Local Road
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 16 Section - 1 : Introduction
1.10 End Products Considering the overall demand in the country, export markets for HR coils/sheets, TMT bars and light structural, seamless tube the following product-mix is suggested for production at proposed integrated steel plant.Aproduct-mix envisaged for the proposed plant is furnished in the below table:-
Annual Production SI. No Items (tones) 1 Low carbon grades 950,000 2 Medium carbon grades 1,050,000 3 High carbon & other grades alloy steel 1,000,000 Total 3,000,000
1.11 Water Supply Facilities
The main source of raw water for the integrated steel plant is the backwaters reservoir of Hirakud Dam. Company has setup an intake well with pump house on the bank of the reservoir for intake of raw water. Water is pumped from the intake pump house to the raw water reservoir created inside the plant through pipeline of approximate length 12 km. The raw water reservoir created within plant shall have a storage capacity of 7 days' requirement of the plant. The raw water is treated through Settler, Clarifier/ Demineralization (DM) unit / Softening plant before addition to the system as make up. The treated water is mainly used for the purpose of cooling, steam generation, etc. Apart from this, small quantity of water shall also be used for fire fighting, drinking and sanitary uses.
The estimated raw water requirement of the integrated steel plant is only 4700 m3 /hr however due to having Iron Ore Beneficiation Plant and Coal Washery within the plant boundary the estimated raw water requirement would be 5988 m3 /hr. The drawl of raw water from the source will be limited to 4500 m 3 /hr and the balance 1488 m3 /hr of required water will be generated in house by treatment of waste water and surface runoff water.
The Water Balance Diagram for the entire plant is mentioned in the next page :-
Environmental and Social 17 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 18 Section - 1 : Introduction
1.12 FuelFacilities
Gaseous Fuels BPSL is presently meeting most of the gases fuel requirement by purchase of LPG & Propane gas as the in plant gas generation is only from Blast Furnace no. 1. The existing plant units which are using LPG/ Propane gas through purchase are as follows : -
• Sinter Plant • Blast Furnace • EAF Shop • CSP • Wire Rod Mill • CRM • Galvanising Plant • Colour Coating Line • Acid Generation Plant • Lime Kilns
The extent of purchase fuel (LPG/ Propane) is presently about Rs. 350 crores annually.
After expansion of the plant to about 3.0 MTPA when new blast furnace of 2015m3 and 1.0 Mt Coke Oven and By-Product Plant will be commissioned, about 330,000 Nm3 /h of BF gas and about 52,000 Nm 3 /h of coke oven gas will be generated for its use within the plant.
This will reduce the purchase of gasses fuel requirement. However, new units like sinter plant, heavy bar mill, pellet plant, new lime kilns will also be commissioned and will require gasses fuel for operation. It is possible to virtually stop the purchase of fuel for the plant through optimum use except for few units e.g. billet/ bloom casters, flux line etc where flame temperature requirement are high. The gas balance of the plant is given in table 1.3.
Environmental and Social 19 Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
Table 1.3 : Estimated Gas Balance
Sl. No. BF Gas(Nm3/h) COG (Nm3/h) Propane/ LPG (Nm3/h)
A Consumption
1 CSP, Billet Casters & SMS 14,200 6,000 200
2 Lime Kiln 18,000 12,000 --
3 WRM 24,000 2,600 --
4 Galvanising 7,000 -- 450
5 Flux Line 1,200 -- 200
6 ARP -- 600 60
7 Sinter Plant 9,000 -- --
8 Blast Furnace 1 & 2 190,000 -- --
9 Pellet Plant 40,000 12,000 --
10 Heave Bar Mill 30,000 4,000 --
11 Sinter Plant 2 5,100 500 --
12 Coke Oven 102,400 8,200 --
Total Consumption 440,900 45,900 910
Loss 4,400 230 40
Total 445,300 46,130 950
Say 445,500 46,200 950
B. Total Generation 490,000 52,500
C. Surplus 44,500 6,300
The above figure indicate that there will be surplus BF gas and coke oven gas at 3.0 MTPAlevel which will replace the LPG/ LDO consumption presently being used in different plant units of the plant, except the DG sets, which is very low.
1.13 Electric Power The estimated power requirement of the steel plant at 3.0 MTPAis as follows: -
Description 3.0 MTPA
Maximum Demand 55 9 MVA
Considering the diversity factor of 90 % 503 MVA
The power supply for the existing plant is made available by Orissa Power Grid Co Ltd., at 220 kV from
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 20 Section - 1 : Introduction
Budhipada Grid sub-station located at (aerial) distance of approximately 14 km from the plant site. The route length for the incoming 220 kV line is approximately 18 kms. The existing 40 and 60 MW captive power plant is generating power at 11kV. The power from CPP has been synchronized with the Grid power supply at 33 kV through 50 and 75 MVA, 11/33 kV step up generator transformers. The 2x8 MW power plant and 3x130 MW power Plant are also connected in the similar manner as existing 100 MW Power plant.
1.14 Township A small township along with all necessary social amenities has been constructed to provide residential accommodation of about 250 officials of plant. Sewage from the township is treated in a sewage treatment plant and the treated water is used for greenbelt development. Two numbers of sewage treatment plants has already been setup of capacity 350 and 600 m3 /hr.
1.15 Traffic Management There will be an increase in traffic volume in the project area. Materials such as sand and piles will be transported to the project site by road. The major portion of the raw material such as coal, iron ore, etc. will be transported through rail.Arailway siding for the purpose has been setup in the plant.
Finished products are also transported to various parts of the country through rail network, however some minor portion will be transported through road.
Wide road network within the integrated steel complex to access the area for the construction and operation is already established.
1.16 Drainage Layout Storm water is drained by a system of underground concrete drains around the periphery of the plant unit. These drains ensure adequate storm water drainage and prevent flooding of properties. Runoff overland can also be re-routed to the new collection systems.
1.17 Construction Schedule Currently, BPSL is implementing expansion project to raise the capacity from 2.2 MTPA to about 3.0 MTPA.The units proposed under expansion will be commissioned progressively by 2016.
1.18 Occupational Health & Safety
Prior to construction all workers will undergo a health and safety orientation programme. FirstAids Kits will be present on-site and a senior member of the construction staff will be designated as the Health, Safety and Environment Officer with responsibility to ensure that all health and safety measures are
21 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Section - 1 : Introduction
implemented. All construction workers will be equipped with the necessary safety gears such as safety goggles, helmets, hearing protection, gloves, respirators, overalls and other personal protective gear. Sanitary facilities will be provided on site as well as a continuous flow of potable water is ensured. Periodic health checkup is being held for all employees as well as contractual workers every year.
1.19 WasteManagement(solid wasteandsewage)
During construction certain amount of waste will be generated. This will include construction waste i.e. unused pieces of lumber, formwork, steel end pieces, cement bags, plastics, concrete waste from the site clearing activities and domestic waste generated by construction workers. This waste is being sorted accordingly and disposed by a contracted waste disposal service. 85% of total waste being generated/ to be generated at 3.0 MTPA will be reused and only 15% is required to be disposed off at designated disposal area as per the guidelines of state pollution control board.
Hazardous waste such as ETP sludge is being sent to common disposal facility developed by Orissa waste management project in association M/s. Ramky Enviro Engineers for proper stabilization and disposal. Used Oil and lubricants are sold toAuthorized vendors for reprocessing.
1.20 Employment
The project will provide job opportunities to about 15000 people in the form of direct and indirect employment.
1.21 STRUCTURE OF ESIA REPORT Section - 1 Introduction
Section - 2 Review & Categorisation
Section - 3 Social Environmental Impact Assessment
Section - 4 Social & Environmental Standard
Section - 5 Action Plan & Management System
Section - 6 Consultation & Disclosure
Section - 7 Grievance Mechanism
Section - 8 Conclusion
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 22 Section 2 : Review & Categorisation
As part of their review of a project's expected social and environmental impacts, EPFIs use a system of social and environmental categorization, based on the IFC's environmental and social screening criteria, to reflect the magnitude of impacts understood as a result of assessment.
The categorization criteria of IFC for different category projects are summarized below :-
Project Categorisations
Category AProjects A proposed project is classified as Category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse or unprecedented. These projects may affect an area broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. A full environmental assessment is required which is normally an Environmental ImpactAssessment (EIA). Although decision on categorization are made on a case-by- case basis, examples of CategoryAprojects are : i Large dams and reservoirs Forestry (large scale) ii Agro-industries (large scale) iii Industrial Plants (large scale) iv Major new industrial estates v Major oil and gas developments, including major pipelines vi Large ferrous and non-ferrous metal operations vii Large port and harbor developments viii Projects with large resettlement components and all projects with potentially major impacts on human populations ix Projects affecting indigenous or tribal populations x Large thermal and hydropower development xi Projects that include the manufacture, use or disposal of environmentally significant quantities of pest control products xii Manufacture, transportation and use of hazardous and/ or toxic materials xiii Domestic and hazardous waste disposal operations xiv Project which pose serious occupational or health risks xv Projects which pose serious socioeconomic concerns
From the above category, it can be seen that non of the criteria is applicable (except criteria vi) for the present project of BPSL. The present project which is an expansion of the current operating Iron & Steel Plant may require categorization in the bracket of Category A but its essential requirement that the project is “likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse or unprecedented” is not applicable. The sensitive project has been defined by IFC as ”if impact may be irreversible (e.g. lead to loss of a major natural habitat), affect vulnerable groups of ethnic minorities, involve involuntary
Category B Projects A proposed project is classified as Category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts on human populations or environmentally important areas including wetlands, forests, grasslands and other natural habitats are less adverse than those of Category A projects. These impacts are site-specific; few if any of them are irreversible; and in most cases mitigatory measures can be designed more readily than for CategoryAprojects.
Category C Projects A proposed project is classified as Category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. Beyond screening, no further EAaction is required for a Category C project.
Environmental and Social 23 Impact Assessment Report Section 2 : Review & Categorisation
IFC has also indicated attributes of Environmental and Social Risks. These are furnished below:-
Environmental Risk Categorisation Criteria 1. project sector and activities (which cause e. g. consumption of resources, use of hazardous materials, effluents, emissions, wastes, etc.) 2. specific location (site and potential impacts of operations on sensitive areas incl. impacts on biodiversity etc.) 3. purpose of financing (e.g. site expansion, modernization, etc.) 4. size of the project (large, medium or small scale) 5. Environmental impact of the supply chain (immediate and important suppliers).
Social Risk Categorisation Criteria 1. number of employees (present, newly created jobs, dismissals); 2. percentage of risk groups as a proportion of total workforce (e.g. temporary workers, migrants, minors, women, disabled persons); 3. sub-contractors and social supply-chain management (e.g. number of workers hired through subcontractors, outsourcing of core business activities to sub-contractors); 4. affected communities (e.g. physical or economic displacement, impacts on social and economic infrastructure, community health and safety, vulnerable groups); 5. sector (e.g. low wage industries, agriculture, mining, infrastructure projects); 6. occupational health & safety risks related to the sector
All the relevant attributes have been covered in the report.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 24 Section - 3 : Social & Environmental Impact Assessment
3.1 Objective The aims and objective of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) globally is to examine the social and environmental consequences of the project prior to their execution and the actual outcome of the plant after installation and coming into operation. The basic purpose of EIA processes is to provide information to decision makers, regulatory and statutory authorities, and to public at large for scrutiny. EIA is a proactive environment assessment tool for recognizing the environmental impact and any possible impact on the socio economic conditions as well as public health in an around the plant area.
The agency/ institutions conducting the EIA study submits its recommendations for mitigation measures that should be adopted promptly by the management of the plant before impairing the environment and public health.
The production activities of many facilities, especially industrial facility and particularly Metal Production facilities usually generate various categories of wastes and also contribute to the impacts on the natural environment. Energy consumptions also generate Solids, gaseous and liquid wastes and pollutants.
The degree of Health, safety and Environmental impact varies between the different phases of impact generation levels in the proposed projects and must be investigated.
MECON LIMITED, A Government of India enterprise under Ministry of Steel is the leading Engineering and Consultancy organization in India and carried out many National and International assignments in the Iron and Steel sectors. MECON LTD was engaged by BPSL for Engineering and consultancy services since inception of the Orissa plant and also for the current expansion of the project. MECON LTD is also one of the leading Institutions in the environmental consultancy services including EIA and EMP study. MECON LTD. has been accredited by NABET/QCI for preparing EIA/EMP for 15 major sectors including Metallurgical (ferrous and non ferrous), Oil & Gas, Mining, Ports & Harbors, Biotech Parks, Municipal Solid waste Management, etc. MECON has its own testing laboratories which is approved and recognized by Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOE&F), Government of India. Bhushan Power & Steel Ltd has engaged MECON Ltd to undertake environmental and social study (ESIA).
The ESIAprocess in India is to ensure that projects are designed and implemented with due consideration for the environment including bio-phyisical and socio-economic issues. In general the Indian Environmental Protection Act 1986 and its further amendments makes provision for the conduct of EIA's for prescribed development projects to ensure the developments comply with existing environmental regulations and best practice standards. The present ESIA report has been prepared in compliance to Indian Environment Protection Act/Law/Guidelines as well as International guidelines of International Finance Corporation (IFC), Equator Principles Financial Institutions (EPFI), etc. The objectives of this ESIA are to predict possible changes that may results on the eco system and the inhabitants within the vicinity of the facility as direct consequences from the installations and operational
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 25 Section - 3 : Social & Environmental Impact Assessment
activities of the BPSLoperational plant & proposed expansion
• To generate an environmental Baseline data, by conducting a multi-disciplinary baseline survey where data for ecosystems and other environmental components of the projects site and locality are gathered and this will form the basis for future references, especially data on environmentally sensitive parameters that will enable proper environmental protection in the event of any unforeseen accident(s) and / or disaster.
• To determine the level of preparedness for various envisaged activities that will affect man, community, other inhabitants and the company's immediate and global environment, with special emphasis on work environment and personal protection.
The summary of the ESIAstudy aims at:
1. Meeting the requirements of the environmental regulatory bodies in host country India and conforming IFC guidelines as well as conform with international best-practice for a project of this nature;
2. Identify and assess potential environmental and social impacts associated with the proposed project;
3. Develop a Comprehensive Management Plan outlining actions and responsibilities for managing the predicted impacts of the expanded project;
4. Recommend mitigation measures that would reduce the significance of predicted negative impacts and enhance predicted benefits on all aspects of the surrounding environment;
5. Inform corporate decisions about the project's planning and development
6. Promote development that is environmentally and socially sustainable.
3.2 ESIA Team
MECON Limited has been engaged by M/S Bhushan Power & Steel Limited to conduct the ESIA study on yearly basis. MECON is a full consultancy service provider in iron & steel sector in India which includes environmental consultancy and has been involved with a number of such studies for major iron & steel projects in India and other countries. For this project, MECON Limited has mobilized a multidisciplinary professional team with the expertise and experience in conducting ESIA's for iron & steel developments in India.
Environmental and Social 26 Impact Assessment Report Section - 3 : Social & Environmental Impact Assessment
The consulting team consists of: Mr. VVSN Pinaka Pani (Ph. D.) - Mathematical Modeling Specialist Mr. S.C. Jain (Ph.D.) - Project Coordinator Mr. S.K. Singh (Ph. D.) - Ecology Specialist Mr. S.Adak (M.Tech) - Biodiversity Specialist Mr. B. Singh (Ph. D.) - Environmental Monitoring Specialist
Also the environmental management team of M/s. Bhushan Power & Steel Limited comprising of the following members was involved during the field monitoring
Mr. J.S.Sahay - Executive Director (Technical) Mr. R.K.Ghosh - General Manager (EMD) Mr. B.S.Gorkha - Manager (EMD), Mr. N.Parida - Asst. Manager (EMD)
3.3 StudyApproachAnd Methodology
An ESIA study is being conducted by MECON Ltd every year since inception of the Orissa Plant within the existing policy and administrative framework considering the applicable environmental legislation, regulations and guidelines of MOEF, CPCB, Equator Principles, IFC’s Performance Standards, EHS guideline and Integrated Steel Industries specific guidelines.
During month of April to June 2012 field monitoring and investigations were conducted by the respective specialist on the team to asses the existing environmental conditions.
3.4 The Environmental Study And Impact Assessment (ESIA)
The Environmental Protection Act, 1986, establishes the requirement for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). For projects that may significantly affect the environment and require environmental clearance from MOE&F as per September'14, 2006 notification. The iron & Steel project falls into category and hence, an ESIA for an environmental clearance is required before any developmental work could commence. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) guidelines for Environment Assessment (EA) indicate
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the following aspects to be considered.
· Assessment of the baseline environmental and social conditions · Requirements under host country laws and regulations, applicable international treaties and agreements · Sustainable use of natural resources · Protection of human health, cultural properties, endangered species and sensitive ecosystems · Use of dangerous substances · Major hazards · Occupational health and safety · Fire prevention and life safety · Socioeconomic impacts · Land acquisition and land use · Involuntary resettlement · Impacts on indigenous peoples and communities · Cumulative impacts of existing projects, the proposed project and anticipated future projects · Participation of affected parties in the design, review and implementation of the project · Consideration of environmentally and socially preferable alternatives · Efficient production, delivery and use of energy · Pollution prevention and waste minimization · Pollution controls (liquid effluents and air emissions) and solid and chemical waste management. This section deals all the above aspects of IFC guidelines in sufficient details.
3.4.1 Assessment of Existing Environmental Status
The project site is spread over in area of 1300 acres. BPSL has occupied this patch of land for setting up the project in the year 2003. Presently the company has already levelled and bounded the entire area and have already established an integrated steel project of capacity 2.2 MTPA.
The establishment of baseline for different environmental components in the study area and at the project site has been done by conducting field monitoring across the study area. The baseline data established under the study refers to the operating plant. . 3.4.2 Climate The study area lies in tropical region where climate is characterised by very hot summers and cool winters. The annual temperature ranges from a maximum of about 47.5°C in May to a minimum of about 08°C in December. The minimum temperature recorded during the Period April 2011 to March 2012 was 9.8°C and the maximum was 47.3°C. The average annual rainfall as recorded at IMD observatory at Jharsuguda is 1348.2 mm. The South-west
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monsoon lasts from mid June to September and the area gets more than 80% of the annual rainfall during this period. The average rainfall recorded during the Period April 2011 to March 2012 in the area was 1250 mm..
3.4.3 Meteorology Meteorological studies are an integral part of environmental impact assessment studies.
In order to get some idea about the baseline meteorological conditions to select the locations of the ambient air quality monitoring stations, information published by Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) was used. The nearest Indian Meteorological Department observatory station near to existing integrated steel plant is at Jharsuguda about 16km north of the project site. To monitor site-specific micrometeorological data, a meteorological station was set up within steel plant site. At the meteorological station, Wind Speed & Direction, Temperature, Relative Humidity and Cloud Cover were recorded at hourly intervals throughout the monitoring period (April - 2012 to June 2012). Total Rainfall for the entire monitoring period was also recorded. The summarised meteorological data is given in below in table 3.1. It was observed from the above table that overall, the predominant wind directions for April 2012 June 2012 were SSW. During the night, the predominant wind directions were SSW. During the Day, the predominant wind directions were SW. 3.4.4 AmbientAir The ambient air quality around integrated steel plant of BPSL was monitored at 8 locations in terms of Particulate Matter (PM10 & PM2.5), Sulphurdioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Ozone. In the 25 km radius of the BPSL plant, there are few industries which are operating such as Vedanta Aluminium Ltd, Shyam DRI power ltd, Samleshwari industries units etc. The AAQ stations were located in the upwind and downwind direction of the existing steel plant as
Table 3.1 : Summarised Meteorological Data at Rengali
Wind Speed Temperature Relative Cloud Cover Rainfall (km/hr) ( C) Humidity (%) (Oktas) Months No. of Max Max. Min. Max Min Max Min Rainy (mm) Days Apr-12 22.5 Calm 41.4 18.7 82 15 Nil Nil 0-8 May-12 21.2 Calm 44.6 19.8 85 16 Nil Nil 0-8 Jun-12 22.6 Calm 45.2 20.2 83 14 Nil Nil 0-8
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indicated in the below table 3.2..
Table 3.2 List of AAQ Monitoring Stations
Location Distance & Direction from Station No. Project Site (appx.) Brundamal Village 5.5 km, N A1 Sirpura Village 3.5 km, NE A2 Gumkarma Village 4.6 km, E A3 Bamloi Village 7.0 km, SE A4 Lapanga Village 4.5 km, S A5 Landupalli Village 6.0 km, SW A6 Thelkoloi Village 1.5 km, W A7 Kandagarh Village 4.9 km, NW A8
During the monitoring period, 24 hourly samples were collected twice a week for SPM (PM10 & PM2.5) & SO2 whereas the NOx was estimated by taking one hour sample twice a week and Ozone was established by taking 8 hourly sample twice a week. The summarisedAAQ results for three month study period are given in Table below 3.3
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Table 3.3 :The summarised AAQ results
Parameters Results (µg/mg/m3 ) Brundamal Sirpura Gumkarma Bamloi Lapanga Landupalli Thelkoloi Kandagarh Village Village Village Village Village Village Village Village (A1) (A2) (A3) (A4) (A5) (A6) (A7) (A8) Max 32 46 37 42 44 29 43 26 PM 10 Min. 16 28 19 32 27 14 36 15 Avg. 28 34 31 36 30 18 39 22 Max 18 22 16 19 23 14 23 13 PM 2.5 Min. 10 17 09 14 18 09 20 08 Avg. 16 21 14 16 20 10 22 11 Max 14 18 16 14 18 15 17 12
SO2 Min. 07 08 06 08 07 06 09 07 Avg. 12 13 11 12 11 10 12 12 Max 106 130 108 115 126 98 132 93
NOX Min. 83 96 80 91 92 76 108 77 Avg. 93 115 94 96 103 85 118 81 Ozone Max 47 49 43 42 43 46 42 41
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3.4.5 Noise (Outside plant boundary)
A detailed measurement of noise level was carried out at 10 locations covering commercial, residential/mixed-use and industrial area. Precision integrated sound level meter was used. The measurements were carried out for 24 hours during the study period. Hourly readings were recorded by the operating the instrument for 10-15 minutes in each hour at one hour intervals in which leq (A) were measured. The results of ambient noise monitoring are given in Table 3.4.
Table 3.4 : Results of Noise Monitoring
Results S/N Noise Monitoring Locations Type of area Day (06.00-22.00 hrs) Night (22.00-0600 hrs) Max. Min. Log Avg. Max. Min. Log Avg. Out side boundary behind N-1 Bhushan Township Area Residendential 50.2 43.5 43 36.2 34.1 35.2 (500 m from plant area) Outside Main gate of Plant (50 N-2 Industrial 62.2 51.6 58.5 56.5 52.6 54.0 m from plant area) SH 10, near Thelkoloi Market N-3 Commercial 65.2 45.3 53.2 48.5 40.5 45.5 (700 m from plant area) Thelkoloi rehabilitation centre N-4 Residendential 42.5 41.4 41.5 44.5 38.0 42.3 (900 M from plant area) Landupalli village N-5 Residendential 43.5 38.1 40.5 43.5 36.6 40.5 (4 Km from plant area) Lapanga Village N-6 Residendential 41.5 33.0 33.5 42.5 38.8 40.5 (6 Km from plant area) Gumkarma Village N-7 Residendential 45.5 42 43.2 43.5 37.0 40.2 (7 Km from Plant area) Sirpura Village N-8 Residendential 46.2 40.5 43.1 43.5 37.2 42.0 (9 Km from plant area) Brundamal Village N-9 Residendential 44.3 38.1 40.5 42.5 37.2 39.5 (4 Km from plant area) Tumbekela Village N-10 Residendential 44.2 42.5 41.5 43.0 38.1 41.2 (2.5 Km from plant area) All values in dB(A)
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Work Zone Noise Monitoring The results of work zone noise are measured from noise generating sources and presented in Table 3.5. Plant boundary noise was also measured and is given in Table 3.6 Table 3.5: Results of Work zone Noise
Sl. Results Noise Generating Locations No. Leq. (A) 1 Coke-Oven area 55.6 2 Sinter Plant area 52.1 3 Blast Furnace (Cast House) 52.5 4 Blower House Ground Floor main gate 58.3 5 Power plant area 52.7 6 In front of Compressor Room 61.5 7 SMS II area 55.3 8 DRI Kiln Area 55.6 9 CSP area 48.2 10 Oxygen Plant area 54.8 All values are in dB(A)
Table 3.6 : Plant Boundary Noise Level Sl. Direction Sound pressure level No. Leq. dB(A) Min. Max. 1 North of Plant Boundary 43.1 54.5 2. North-western of plant boundary 42.0 53.1 3. North-eastern Boundary of Plant 43.5 55.2 4. East of Plant Boundary 46.5 53.8 5. South of Plant Boundary 47.2 52.5 6. West-southern Boundary of Plant 45.2 50.8 All values are in dB(A)
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3.4.6 Water Quality Monitoring Surface Water Quality
Surface water (SW) quality was monitored at 8 locations within the study area covering 10 KM radius from the plant as center.The details of locations where sample was collected is mentioned below in table 3.7.
Table 3.7: Location of Water Monitoring Station Sl. No. Stn. No. Distance from Plant Location Type
1 SW1 6 Km IB River Surface Water
2 SW2 1.5 Km Bhedan River Surface Water 3 SW3 4.5 Km IB River after Surface Water confluence of 4 SW4 8 Km Hirakud Back Surface Water 5 SW5 12 Km Matbali River at Surface Water 6 SW6 11 Km Pond at Village Surface Water 7 SW7 1 Km Nala near Surface Water 8 SW8 1 Km Nala near Surface Water
Grab samples from surface water sources were collected once during the summer season. The results of surface water analysis are given in Table below 3.8.
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Table 3.8 : Results of Surface Water Analysis
Results S/N Characteristics SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 1 Colour, Hazen units, Max. 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 Turbidity, NTU, Max. 5 5 6 5 5 5 5 6 3 pH Value 8.2 7.8 7.3 7.1 7.2 7.1 8.2 7.2 4 Electrical Conductivity, 161 225 180 188 236 92 368 355 mmhos/cm 5 Dissolved Oxygen (as O ), 2 6.8 6.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.2 6.5 6.1 mg/l 6 BOD, 3 days at 27 C, mg/l 1.7 2.8 2 1.8 2.2 1.3 2.5 2.7 7 Total Hardness (as CaCO ), 3 75 92 75 82 86 42 147 140 mg/l, Max. 8 Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max. 0.162 0.22 0.315 0.182 0.284 0.69 0.325 0.295 9 Chloride (as Cl), mg/l, Max. 13 20 17 15 30 13 31 29 10 Fluoride (as F) mg/L, Max. 0.265 0.343 0.284 0.279 0.24 0.63 0.262 0.362 11 Dissolved Solids mg/l, Max. 126 188 157 148 192 78 288 271 12 Calcium (as Ca), mg/l, Max. 13 21 18 20 22 7 32 36 13 Magnesium (as Mg), mg/L, 10 9 10 8 9 7 15 14 Max. 14 Copper (Cu), mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 15 Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, <0.01 0.021 0.033 <0.01 0.042 0.045 0.012 0.013 Max. 16 Sulphate (as SO ), mg/l, 4 5 4 5 10 13 4 62 50 Max. 17 Nitrate (as NO ), mg/l, Max. 3 0.55 1.8 1.1 0.9 2.5 1.2 4.6 3.62 18 Phenolic Compounds (as C 6 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD H5OH), mg/l Max. 19 Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 20 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. 21 Selenium (as Se), mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 22 Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 23 Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 24 Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 25 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max. 0.012 0.016 0.019 0.015 0.012 0.034 <0.005 0.049 26 Anionic detergent (as MBAS) BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. 27 Chromium (as Cr6 +), mg/l, BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. 28 Mineral oil mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 29 Alkalinity (as CaCO ) mg/l, 3 69 92 90 79 78 29 82 92 Max. 30 Aluminium (as A1) mg/l, BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. 31 Free ammonia BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 32 Sodium Absorption Ratio 0.45 0.56 0.52 0.48 0.08 0.75 0.78 0.74 (SAR) 33 Boron, mg/l, Max. BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD 34 Coliform organisms, 232 312 385 482 895 362 487 415 MPN/100ml BD Below detective level
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Ground Water Quality In order to determine the quality of the ground water in the study area, samples were collected from 8 locations, Up-gradient and Down-gradient of the project site as well as the waste dump site as given in table 3.9.
Table -3.9 : Ground Water Samples
1 GW1 4 Km Brundamal Village Tube-well Ground Water
2 GW2 9 Km Sirpura Village - Tube-well Ground Water
3 GW3 7 Km Gumkarma Village - Dug-well Ground Water Waste Dump site (Ash pond) 4 GW4 9 Km Ground Water - Bore-well Ground Water (Dn-gradient of 5 GW5 8 Km Derba village Tube well waste dump site) Dubenchhapar village Tube- 6 GW6 2.5 Km Ground Water well 7 GW7 4 Km Landupalli Village Dug-well Ground Water
8 GW8 2.5 Km Tumbekela Village Bore-well Ground Water
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Samples were collected monthly during the monitoring season and the average results of analysis are given in Table 3.10 Table 3.10: Average Results of Ground Water Analysis
Results Permissible S/N Characteristics limits GW-1 GW-2 GW-3 GW-4 GW-5 GW-6 GW-7 GW-8 Brundamal Sirpura Gumkarma Ashpond Nerwa Dubenc Landu Tumbek Essential Characteristics Colour, Hazen Units, 1 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Max. 2 Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable 3 Taste Agreeable Agree Agree Agree Agree Agree Agree Agree Agree 4 Turbidity, NTU, Max. 10 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 No 5 pH 6.5 6.2 6.8 7.2 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.2 Relaxation Total Hardness (as 6 600 62 78 80 182 90 482 178 332 CaCO3), mg/l, Max. Iron (as Fe), mg/l, 7 1 0.812 0.359 0.078 0.079 0.41 0.082 0.253 0.152 Max. Chloride (as Cl), 8 1000 21 24 30 14 31 390 45 162 mg/l, Max. Residual Free 9 - BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Chlorine, mg/l Min. Fluoride (as F) 10 1.5 0.78 0.169 0.2 0.25 0.32 0.285 0.45 0.68 mg/L, Max. Desirable Characteristics Dissolved Solids 11 2000 145 160 194 288 172 675 360 688 mg/l, Max. Calcium (as Ca), 12 200 14 19 20 55 22 119 38 82 mg/l, Max. Magnesium (as Mg), 13 100 8 9 7 14 10 41 20 25 mg/l, Max. Copper (Cu), mg/l, 14 1.5 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. Manganese (as Mn), 15 0.3 0.026 0.035 0.02 <0.01 0.036 0.029 0.024 0.02 mg/l, Max. Sulphate (as SO ), 16 4 400 4 2 3 4 3 52 28 20 mg/l, Max. Nitrate (as No ), 17 3 100 1.42 24.2 62 0.041 23.8 0.8 9.2 22.1 mg/l, Max. Phenolic 18 Compounds (as C6 0.002 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD
H5OH), mg/l Max. Mercury (as Hg), 19 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. Cadmium (as Cd), 20 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. Selenium (as Se), 21 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. Arsenic (as As), 22 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. Cyanide (as CN), 23 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. Lead (as Pb), mg/l, 24 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, 25 15 0.042 0.11 0.02 0.278 0.118 1.112 0.335 0.11 Max. Anionic detergent 26 (as MBAS) mg/l, 1 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. Chromium (as Cr6 27 No relaxation BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD +), mg/l, Max. Mineral oil mg/l, 28 0.03 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Max. Alkalinity (as 29 600 78 22 25 190 28 265 182 162 CaCO3) mg/l, Max. Aluminium (as A1) 30 0.2 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD mg/l, Max. 31 Boron, mg/l, Max. 5 BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Below detective level
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3.4.7 Soil Quality Soil samples were collected from five locations during the monitoring period for physico-chemical analysis. Samples of top soil were collected once from the five locations as mentioned below in table 3.11 to 3.15
Table 3.11 : Sampling Locations
Sample Sampling Locations Nos. S-1 Landupalli Village S-2 Gumkarma Village S-3 Lapanga Village S-4 Brundamal Village S-5 Sirpura Village
3.12 : Physical Properties of Soil Samples
Results Characteristics S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Colour Yellowish Brown Blackish Brown Yellowish Brown Yellowish Brown Blackish Brown Texture Sandy Loam Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Bulk Density 1.42 1.37 1.31 1.32 1.29 (gm/cc)
Water Holding 28.50 32.30 31.50 28.70 33.50 Capacity (%) pH 5.90 5.70 5.40 5.50 5.90
Electrical Conductivity 34.20 32.50 23.20 27.50 34.70 (ms/cm)
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Table 3.13 : Available Major Nutrients in Soil
Results ` S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Organic Carbon (%) 0.62 1.31 0.618 0.686 0.94 and Rating Medium High Medium Medium High Organic Matter (%) 1.51 2.38 1.42 1.58 2.1
Available Nitrogen 340 365 291 235 355 (kg/ha) and Rating Medium Medium Low Low Medium
Available Phosphorus 23.2 29.2 19.1 13.1 27.2 (kg/ha) and Rating Medium High Medium Medium High
Available Potassium (kg/ha) 165 232 115 138 187 and Rating Medium Medium Low Medium Medium Ratings Based on:
Organic Carbon : <0.50 Low; 0.50 to 0.75 Medium; >0.75 High
Available Nitrogen : <280 Low; 280 to 560 Medium; >560 High
Available Phosphorus : <10 Low; 10 to 25 Medium; >25 High
Available Potassium : <120 Low; 120 to 280 Medium; >280 High
Table 3.14 : Available Micronutrients
Results (in mg/kg) Micro Nutrient S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Iron 148.20 52.00 35.20 77.00 122.00 Copper 1.78 1.32 1.19 1.28 3.00 Zinc 1.62 2.71 1.52 2.26 1.68 Manganese 10.42 13.79 11.83 14.45 21.82
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Table 3. 15 : Exchangeable Cations in Soil Samples
Results Cations S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
1.9 4.23 3.85 2.06 2.19 Calcium (meq/100 gm) 38% 57% 38% 39% 42%
2.32 1.98 4.75 2.22 1.61 Magnesium (meq/100 gm)
45% 26% 47% 41% 31%
0.22 0.41 0.42 0.26 0.23 Sodium (meq/100 gm) 4% 5% 4% 5% 6%
0.69 0.92 1.15 0.82 1.12 Potassium (meq/100 gm)
13% 12% 11% 15% 21% Total Bases (meq/100 gm) 5.12 7.56 10.11 5.3 5.18
Values within bracket represent % of respective cation of the total cations.
3.5. Stack Emissions
Stack emissions of the existing major operating units such as process stack of DRI, Power Plant, Blast Furnace & Cast house, Sinter Plant and SMS were monitored. Stack monitoring was done for Particulate matter (PM), Sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and Nitrogen Oxide (NO x ) in flue gas.
The stack monitoring results indicate that the concentration of PM, SO2 and NO x in all the monitored stacks are found well under the norms. The results of the stack monitoring results are presented in Table 3.16.
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Table 3.16 : Stack Monitoring Results
Exit Particulate Sulfur Nitrogen Temperature S/N Stack Details Velocity Matter Dioxide Oxide (°C) m/s (mg/Nm3) (mg/Nm3) (mg/Nm3)
1 Kiln no. 1 162 12.8 45 233 52 2 Kiln No. 2 163 12.8 43 240 56 3 Kiln No. 3 162 12.5 41 236 50 4 Kiln No. 4 161 11.9 44 229 48 5 Kiln No. 5 163 12.8 48 245 52 6 Kiln No. 6 162 12.8 44 245 52 7 Kiln No. 7 161 12.8 41 241 48 8 Kiln No. 8 162 12.7 47 236 49 9 Kiln No. 9 162 11.9 45 237 44 10 Kiln No. 10 161 12.5 42 240 41 11 Kiln No. 1 & 2- Dedusting 47 10.8 33 - - 12 Kiln No. 3 & 4- Dedusting 46 10.5 38 - - 13 Kiln No. 5 & 6 - Dedusting 45 10.5 35 - - 14 Kiln No. 7 & 8 - Dedusting 44 11.2 30 - - 15 Kiln No. 9& 10 - Dedusting 45 11.5 36 16 Power Plant (40 MW) 153 15.4 47 235 55 17 Power Plant (60 MW) 152 17.5 48 222 52 18 Power plant (130 MW -1) 154 18.0 45 222 50 19 Power plant (130 MW -2) 155 20.5 46 228 52 Blast Furnace and Cast 20 55 House 10.0 32 - - 21 Sinter Plant Dedusting 43 11.5 37 - - SMS (Electric Arc Furnace 22 75 Complex) 15.0 30 - - MOE&F/ IFC norms - - 50 - -
3.5.1 Waste Management at the operating plant The non hazardous and hazardous wastes being generated in different operating units of the plant are indicated below. Presently non hazardous and hazardous waste are handled separately as per the guidelines and direction of OSPCB. 3.5.2 Impacts Description &Analysis The comparative waste generated and recycled/sold/transferred and dumping from different additional units and 2.2 MTPA operating units of steel complex and its re-utilisation and disposal is given below in table 3.17 to 3.20.
There are four categories of solid wastes, category- I, is wastes that are completely recycled within the plant (Sinter Plant, Power Plant) the other as classified as category II are waste which are 100% sold to outside agency for value addition, the category - III of waste are the solid waste which is being taken/transferred by other external agency / contractor (Approved by OSPSB) and the category IV is the waste which is required to be dumped by BPSL at the designated solid waste disposal site as per Approved scheme of Pollution control board. 85% of waste comes under the bracket of (I to III Category). Only 15% of waste is to be dumped by BPSL.
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Catagory - I Table 3.17 Quantity of waste generated and recycled within plant
Sl. Quantity Generation at Quantity Generation at Solid Waste Utilisation / disposal No. (2.2 MTPA Stage) (TPY) (3.0 MTPA Stage) (TPY)
1 DRI Process Dust 450,000 504,000 Recycled through Sinter Plant
2 DRI Dedusting Dust 36,000 40,320 Recycled through Sinter Plant
3 Char from DRI 470,000 527,990 Used in AFBC/CFBC Boiler of CPP
Sinter Plant Dedusting 4 7,100 13,794 Recycled through Sinter Plant Dust
5 BF Dedusting Dust 40,000 79,000 Recycled through Sinter Plant
Lime Plant Dedusting 6 72,000 120,000 Recycled through Sinter Plant Dust
7 Coke Breeze 82,659 111,000 Recycled through Sinter Plant
Dust from Bag filters of 8 4,000 6,000 Recycled through Sinter Plant RMPP Area IF/EAF/LF Dedusting 9 20,000 27,000 Recycled through Sinter Plant. Dust HRM/CRM/WRM Mill 10 6,700 8000 Recycled through Sinter Plant. Scale
11 Sludge of STP 500 650 Used as manure in horticulture
TOTAL 1188959 1437754
Catagory II Table 3.18 : Quantity of Waste sold to outside agency
Quantity Quantity Generation Generation Sl. at at Solid Waste Utilisation / disposal No. (2.2 MTPA (3.0 MTPA Stage) Stage) (TPY) (TPY) 1 BF Granulated Slag 408,000 1,105,200 Sold to Cement Manufacturers In later date it will be used in our own proposed cement plant. 2 IF/EAF/LF Slag 315,000 430,000 Crushed and metallic content is recycled through Sinter Plant. Residue is disposed for low land filling. 3 CPP - Fly Ash 2,500,000 3,250,000 50% will be supplied to Cement Manufacturers 30% is supplied to Brick and Die Manufacturers 20% is used in -house in concrete mix. 4 Used Oil & 30 to 35 40-45 Sold to authorized vendors for Lubricant reprocessing. 5 Discarded 2000 no. 3000 no. Sold to authorized Vendors of Containers / Barrels original manufacturers. 6 Zinc Dross 40-50 TPY 55 TPY Sold to authorized vendors. TOTAL 2,923,085 4,088,100
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Catagory III Table 3.19 Quantity of Waste transferred by Approved Agency
Quantity Quantity Generation Generation Sl. at at Solid Waste Utilisation / disposal No. (2.2 MTPA (3.0 MTPA Stage) Stage) (TPY) (TPY) 1. Sludge from ETP 1800 2500 Being treated and disposed in OWMP developed by M/s. Ramky Enviro Engg. Ltd near Village Jajpur. 2. Spent Ion 10-12 KL/y 15-17 KL/y Handed over to M/s. Ramky Exchange Resin Enviro Engineers Ltd. for treatment and disposal in Orissa common disposal facility. TOTAL 1820 2530
Catagory IV Table 3.20 Quantity of Waste for dumping in separate area by BPSL
Quantity Quantity Generation Generation Sl. at at Solid Waste Utilisation / disposal No. (2.2 MTPA (3.0 MTPA Stage) Stage) (TPY) (TPY) 1. CPP - Fly Ash 300,000 4,50,000 Disposed in designated solid waste disposal area 2. CPP – BottomAsh 430,000 550,00 Disposed in designated solid waste disposal area TOTAL 730000 1000000 Grand Total 4843854 6528384 Category – I to IV
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From the above it is concluded that maximum portion of solid waste are recycled or reused in the plant/other manufacturing units. The balance is being dump in a separate designated area for which BPSL has obtained approval from State Pollution Control Board. BPSL is already operating the current 2.2 MTPA stream for the last couple of years and has already established waste management system due to which the plant is running efficiently without any environment related problems and also socio-economic issues. The present management team is quite competent to deal with the expanded plant of 3.0 MTPA.
Solid waste management of BPSL is quite efficient and about 85% of solid wastes are recycled/ reused and only 15% of solid wastes will require dumping. The approved dumping scheme of OSPCB is fully environment friendly. The dumping site is about 8 KM away from the plant spread over an area of about 100 Acres. The dumping is done strictly as per the guidelines of MOEF/CPCB/OSPCB after obtaining prior approval. The dumping site is being inspected regularly by various inspecting authorities. The salient feature of dumping system and protection measures being followed for pollution control is discussed below. Development of Disposal Site: The solid waste which are disposed in the site are of nonhazardous nature. The major solid waste will be the Ash generating from the power plan. T Since there is no village near to the dumping area hence it is suitable for disposal of solid waste. The entire disposal site is used for disposal of solid waste generated form the plant. The entire area is demarcated and a boundary is provided with earth embankment prior to disposal of waste. Preparation of the land fill area is done in a systematic way so as to utilize the land for a long period of time. Preparation of the land fill site consist of the following activities • Earth Cutting and leveling to create maximum storage capacity and to obtain fill material for embankment. • Provision of embankment around each land fills area to retain the material and to prevent its carry over / run-off with rain water. • The embankment will also serve to retain any rain water falling within the area • Provision of garland drain around the embankments. • Provisions for approach road to each land fill area. Number of pits are dug with a depth of around 5 to 6 meters for disposal of the waste. Embankment upto a height of 12 meters from the ground to accommodate maximum amount
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of solid waste in each pit is raised. After digging the pits the floor of the pit is compacted with clay, Over which a 6 inch sand layer is laid so as to prevent leaching of water and prevention of ground water contamination. Provision for water sprinkling with fixed water sprinkling system and flexible hose is provided so as to prevent fugitive emission The dumping area is protected through 12 m height and 3 m wide embankment and having garland drain all around. The garland drain shall have slope from all sides so that the rain water can travel by gravity to the collection pit which is constructed at a low gradient. A tentative layout plan of the area is shown in figure below. The stacking of solid waste is done systemically by properly laying in various areas step by step. Necessary machinery such as dozer or JCB is engaged for the purpose. The dumping and stacking is started from the low level area so that more stacking could be done in the area. With proper stacking and compaction the stacking height can de increased above 3 meters in each layer. Between two successive layers a thin layer of binder earth material is used for proper compaction. Proper approach road is made within the area for easy operation of trucks and tankers.Across section view of the plan is described in figure above. The solid waste from the plant is transported by road to the dump area.Ash is transported in closed tankers and covered tippers in moist condition. Loading of material is done mechanically through telescopic chute from the silo after conditioning through conditioner. Photograph of covered tippers used for transportation of ash is mentioned below.
Reclamation of dump site Plantation being done over the The dump site is reclaimed area properly reclaimed after attaining the desired height. A thick layer of soil is spred over the entire dump area. A thick green belt is developed over the disposal site so as to develop greenery. Native species of plants are selected as mentioned Grown up vegetation below for plantation. over the reclaimed area.
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Tectona Grandis GmelinaArborea Casia Firtula, etc. Madhuka Indica Ghorea Roburta Mangifera Indica Photograph of reclaimed area and development of plantation is mentioned below
3. 5. 3 Effluent / Waste Water Discharge The plant is designed on zero discharge concepts. No process effluent or waste water or effluent is discharged outside the plant boundary. Effluent treatment plant (ETP) of capacity 150 m3/hr is in operation for treatment of effluent generating from CRM complex. The acid which is used in pickling is taken to acid regeneration plant for recovery of acid and iron oxide. The residual spent acid is treated in the ETP and the treated water is reused in the plant for applications such as sprinkling over raw material stock yards, cleaning of floors and ash conditioning. Neutralisation tanks have been provided in DM plant for treatment of DM plant blow down water. The treated water is again fed into the cooling water system of different plant units.
Company has also constructed 2 nos. of waste water treatment plant (WWTP) of capacity 650 & 600 m3/hr. The waste water such as surface runoff and storm water flowing through internal drains of the plant is treated in these WWTP and reused. Major portion of the treated water is taken into the raw water reservoir and used as fresh raw water. The sludge of WWTP is taken by approved agency M/s Ramky Environ Engineers Ltd.
3.5.4 Traffic Density Survey Toaccess the present load of pollution created by traffic movement it is very important to survey movement of traffic. Traffic survey was done at the main gate of the factory to assess the traffic density of the plant, details is mentioned in table below.
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Two Wheelers Four Wheelers Heavy Vehicles Time Inwards Plant Outwards Plant Inwards Plant Outwards Plant Inwards Plant Outwards Plant
06.00 AM to 02.00 PM 830 793 247 314 549 604
02.00 PM to 10.00 PM 653 725 239 271 482 476
10.00 PM to 06.00 AM 478 365 126 188 316 197
Total 1961 1883 612 773 1347 1277
The plant of BPSL has gradually increased the capacity starting from 1.2 MTPA to 2.2 MTPA. This has influence in the movement of men and materials over the periods. The traffic density which was 927 inwards movements of heavy vehicles daily and outward 1140 in year 2011 has increased to 1120 and 1250 respectively. Similarly movement of different vehicles like two wheelers and four wheelers has also increased. The movement of vehicles has affected in and around the vicinity of the plant but the monitoring results of ambient air quality and noise around the plant boundary indicates virtually no impact of air and noise pollution on these parameters.
3.5.5 Ecology of Study Area (Flora & Fauna) The existing steel plant where expansion is proposed is located all along the SH-10 that connects Jharsuguda with Sambalpur in Orissa very close to Bheden River. As such, the project will be influenced by and will also influence the following immediate ecosystems:
• The Terrestrial Ecosystem • TheAquatic Ecosystem
The project site was a barren land without much irrigation and cultivation. Only a few surrounding villages and a few hamlets were existing without much opportunity to employment and business. Now the area is full of activities because of implementation of the project of this nature and people are getting employed and in turn exposed to business opportunities. For establishing this project, few families of a village was relocated with suitable compensation during the first phase of this project. No further rehabilitation or resettlement is required during this proposed expansion. The existing vegetation is comprised of degraded deciduous vegetation, primarily shrubs, herbaceous plants and several species of grasses interlaced with a few thorny bushes. The fauna identified was typical of areas where human intervention is evident. In addition many of the avian species observed were transient and migratory towards Hirakud reservoir. Like the flora, the fauna are very common and can be found throughout the plain especially on abandoned and open lands.
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Company has started plantation activities since 2005 onwards for enriching ecology and vegetation in and around the plant.A wide green belt has been established all along the boundary. Green belt has also been developed on both sides of the plant road and in all open lawns. The trees cover as well as the Green belt developed in the plant have improved the ecological balance of the area. The statics of plantation carried out by the company in view of green belt development is mentioned below in table. The study area is thinly populated. The thickly populated centers are Jharsuguda town and Sambalpur town and these are located at a distance of nearly 16 km and 45 km respectively from the project site. The study area is more or less a moderately undulating terrain. Flora The vegetation in the area is very typical of plain areas and areas that have been disturbed by humans. Except for the presence of a few cultivated trees (Bamboo, mango and banana) the vegetation present was primarily wild grass that is found in almost all areas and human disturbed areas.
Terrestrial Ecology The list of plants commonly found in the area is given below in table
Table 3.21 : Plants found in study area S/N Common Name Scientific Name 1 Sal Shorea robusta 2 Mahua Madhuca indica 3 Kendu Diospyros melanoxylon 4 Boro Ficus bengalensis 5 Ashwattho F. religiosa 6 Dimiri F. hispida 7 Neem Azadirachta indica 8 Kusumo Schleichera trijuga 9 Ambo Mangifera indica 10 Panaso Artocarpus heterophyllus 11 Arjuno Terminalia arjuna 12 Harida T. chebula 13 Asana T. tomentosa 14 Gambhar Gmelina arborea 15 Piasalo Pterocarpus marsupium 16 Korado Cleisanthus collinus 17 Kamini Bauhinia variegata. 18 Dhatuki Woodfordia fruticosa 19 Talo Borassus flabellifer 20 Khajuri Phoenix sylvestris 21 Jamkoli Syzigium cumini 22 Barakoli Zizyphus mauritiana 23 Polaso Butea frondosa
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Forest There is no reserve forest within 10.0 km of existing plant site. However, there are several reserve forests beyond 10 km of the project site. These include Kurebaga R.F (12 km NE) Ghichamura R.F. (16 km SE or E), Rampur R.F.(14.0 km WNW), Katikela R.F. (11 km NE) and Patrapali R.F. (12.5 km West). The forests fall broadly within subgroup Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest and Dry Mixed Deciduous Forests. The forest crop varies from compartment to compartment with density varying from 0.4 to 0.7. Bamboo occurs in abundance and can be found all over the area. It occurs mainly as under-story with some pure patches. Sal occurs at foothills in moister pockets in valleys and in small isolated patches. Natural regeneration of tree species is poor, whereas that of bamboo is adequate, which leads to the conclusion that with concentrated filling the aggressive bamboo growth may replace the tree species completely, particularly over the hill slopes. The forest of the region will be described as forest falling under project site and forest in the study area. It is difficult to distinguish at the two but for the purpose of the EIA report it is being described separately.
Agricultural Land The principal agricultural crop is paddy in the study area. Other crops like pulses, wheat and vegetables are also grown at few places in a very limited area. Due to non-availability of irrigation system in the area paddy is grown only once in a year during the monsoon season. The soil characteristic ranges from heavy clay with kankar to loamy to sandy loam. The project area had very few patches of cultivable land.
Waste Land At places where soil condition is not proper for plant growth or places where soil is over exploited the land is completely denuded with vegetation except for the wasteland species and weeds. This type of land basically comprises species like:Calotropis sp, Ipomea sp, Mimosa pudica , Lantana sp, Xanthium sp, Cassiasp, Ageratum sp, etc.
Vegetation near Human Habitation Near the villages, the vegetation pattern has abruptly changed from that what it is seen in the forest areas. The common species are those which are useful to the human beings. The species commonly found are Mangifera indica, Madhuca indica, Psidium guava , Syzigium j ambolana , Tamarindus indica , Pheonix sp, Artocarpus heterophylla etc. Since the change in ambient air quality due to emissions from the integrated steel plant will be small thus the vegetation outside the plant area will not be damaged.
3.4.2 Fauna (Terrestrial and Aquatic) The fauna that was observed were all highly mobile and migratory species that easily adapt to changing environments. The majority of fauna observed were avian fauna which are common to area.
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Birds The birds found in the area are as follows:
Table 3.22 : List of Birds Commonly Found in the Area
Schedule of Wildlife Common Name Scientific Name Status Protection Act in which listed Paddy Bird Ardeola grayii - IV Large Indian Parakeet P. eupatria - IV Rose Ringed Parakeet P. krameri - IV Brahminy Duck Tadorna ferrugninea - IV Pochards Aythya spp - IV Red Wattled Lapwing Vannelus indicus - IV Koel Eudynamis scolopacea - IV White Breasted kingfisher Halcyon smyrnansis - IV Small green Bee-eater Merops orientalis - IV Coot Fulica atra - IV Jungle Crow Corvus marorhynchos - V Common Crow C. splendens - V Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa - IV Common Mynah Acridotheres tristis - IV House Sparrow Passer domesticus - - Golden Backed Woodpecker Dinopium benghalense - IV Red Vent Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer - IV Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis - IV Red Jungle Fowl Gallus gallus - IV Grey Hornbill Tockus birostris - IV White Backed Vulture Gyps bengalensis - IV King Vulture Sarcogyps calvus - IV Spur Fowl Galloperdix spp - IV Grey Quail Coturnix coturnix - IV Bush Quail Peridicala indica - IV Purple Sun-bird Nectarinia asiatica - IV Bustard Quail Turnix suscitator - IV
Wild life - Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians The project area is bounded by Jharsuguda, Titlagarh railway line on the east, state high way No. 10 on the west side and a village road to sirpura on the north. The nearest wildlife sanctuary is Debrigarh wild life sanctuary which is located on the other side of Hirakud reservoir and is about 45 km away from the project site. The other wildlife sanctuary of the district is Badromar wild life sanctuary which is about 50 km away from project site. Hence the project and surrounding area is not contiguous to any wild life habitat. Through no wild life of significance do occurs in
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this patch, species like jackals, pythone, cobra, yellow monitor, lizzards, hares besides ground birds like quails and patriges can be rarely seen. Other birds which are seen are parakeets, common hyna etc. Based on actual field verification and interaction with local people and forest staff it is observed that very few of the listed common wild animals and common birds are actually found in the project area. Also because of high anthropogenic pressure due to the highway and consequent development of human and industrial activity it is not been conducive for wildlife to inhabit the area. The list of wild mammals and reptiles found in the study area are listed in the below table
Table 3.23 List of Wild Mammals Found in the Study Area
Status (As per Red Schedule of Wildlife Common Name Scientific Name Data Book of Indian Protection Act in Animals) which listed A. Mammals Sloth bear Melursus ursinus - II Common jungle cat Felis chans - II Hyaena Hyaena hyaena - III Civet Vivera indica - II Common mongoose Herpestres edwardsii - IV Jackal Canis aureus - II,V Wild dog Cuon alpinus - II Fox Vulpes bengalensis - II Indian Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica - II Porcupine Hystrix indica - IV Common hares Lepas sp. - IV Wild boar Sus scrofa - III Barking deer Muntiacus muntiacus - III Spotted deer Axis axis - III Striped Palm Squirrel Funambulus palmatum - IV B. Reptiles Indian Cobra Naja naja _ II Yellow rat Snake Ptyas mucosus _ II Common Krait Bungarus caeruleus - IV Russels Viper Vipera russelii _ II Checkered Keelback Xenochropis piscator _ II
The spotted deer usually inhabits on the lower slope of the hills and is found in grassy blanks near village sites. Herds of 10-12 are at times seen when rabi crops are on. Sambar occurs in limited numbers in all the forest areas of Barapahr hills and Meghpal. Wild dogs are common in Basiapara-Birsingah block and Bear in Papagga and Goinpuria areas. The common snakes found in the region are Kraits and Cobras. The main Hirakud Dam lies some 15 to 20 km away from site however backwater lies about 6 to 8 km south
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and south west of the project site. Many of the duck like bird are seen in main reservoir water far away from project site.
3.5.6 AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT The avian species observed were transient and migratory and are generally found around area inhabited by humans. No main fish or aquatic species of significant environmental or ecological importance were identified. The aquatic species of vegetation were considered aquatic weeds that obstruct effective water flow.
AQUATIC ECOLOGY The main water bodies in the area are Ib River, Bhedan River and the Hirakud Reservoir. The Ib River is a tributary of river Mahanadi and joins the Hirakud Reservoir. The Bhedan River is not perennial. The Hirakud Reservoir has been constructed on the Mahanadi River system. The water requirement of the project would be met from the Hirakud Reservoir backwater. The data on ecology of the aquatic ecosystem in the study area is based on literature.
Phytoplankton A total of 35 species have been recorded from the area. Diatoms dominate the reservoir, whereas filamentous algae of Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae dominate the rivers. In general the density, volume and biomass of algae was higher in the reservoir and lower in the rivers.
Zooplankton Atotal of 23 species have been recorded in Hirakud dam and adjoining rivers of which Crustaceans are the dominant group. It has been noted that density of zooplankton is higher in the dam than in the rivers.
Fishes The Hirakud Reservoir is the main ecosystem supporting fishes in the area. As per the survey conducted by Job at (1955) on the Mahandi River system, before the construction of dam, there were 183 species of fishes, out of which 24 were of economic importance. The most common species wereLabeo calbasu and L. fimbriatus .After the formation of reservoir, fishery underwent considerable changes and the present fish fauna of the reservoir constitute only 42 species which are listed in table below. As per the survey conducted by George et.al (1973), four species viz.Silonia silondia , Labeo fimbriatus , Catla catla , and Cirrhina mrigala are the commercially important fishes of the reservoir. Maximum abundance of fishes was reported duringApril-July. The yield was better in the upper region followed by the middle region.
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Table 3.24 : Fish Fauna of Hirakud Dam
Name of fish Local Name Name of fish Local Name Catla catla Bakur Notopterus notopterus Fali Labeo fimbriatus Pursi/Berag Notopterus chitala Chital Labeo calbasu Kalanchi Gudusia chapra Phufur Labeo rohita Rohu Rohtee cotio Chilati Labeo gonius Nunia Pama pama Patharmudi Labeo bata Banghen Glossogobius guiris Gazra Cirrhinus mrigala Mrikali Rhinomugil corsula Koinga C. reba Pohura/Dumala Xenentodon cancila Gourchena Barbus tor Kusra Chela sp. Jedda Puntius sarana Sarna Chela bacailla Mystus seenghala Asdi/Singhari Ailea coilfa Bauspati Mystus sor Katrang Ambassis nama - Mystus gulio Tingra Ambassis sp Patponia Silonia silondia Gaja Puntius sophore Kutri Wallago attu Balia Puntius dorsalis Kutri Pangasius pangasius Jalang Mastacembelus pancalus Bayarri Rita chrysea Kukia Channa marulius Soul Eutropiichthys vacha Vacha Channa punctatus Khapsi Bagarius bagarius Buthia Ompok bimaculatus Banju
3.5.6 Socio Economic Conditions In the present investigation, the study area is considered as the circle with 10 km with centre at Lapanga, the plant / project site. The entire study area comes under two districts, viz, Sambalpur (Rengali Tehasil) and Jharsuguda. Rengali, tehesils covers about 80% of the study area while the remaining 20% falls in Jharsuguda. The impact assessment of this project has been done on the study area. Table-3.25 depicts a synoptic view of the basic statistics of the study area. The population of the area is around 60000 with a density of 130 persons per square km.
Methodology The major methods used as tools of analysis in this study are as given below: 1. Regression: Simple linear regression of the following type in considered
Yi = a + b Xi + U i (Where, U is the stochastic error term having its usual properties) The model is fitted to data applying Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to obtain estimated demand and consumption functions. 2. Fitted regression models is used to work out i) Elasticity of demand with respect to disposable income (e) in case of demand functions : e = (dy / dx). (y/x) ii) Marginal propensity to consume (MPC) from consumption function : MPC = dC / Dy
3. Frequency distribution of peoples' perception, educational status, land holding etc
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3.5.7 DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA
Table 3.25 : Estimated Population and Occupational Pattern of the Study Area
Item up to 3 kms 3 - 5 kms 5 - 10 kms Total 1. Population Including Total 6225 8355 35420 50000 Male 4046 5430 22670 32146 Female 2179 3925 1275 17854 SC 855 1153 4673 6681 ST 1955 2412 11230 15597 2. Households 912 1163 4965 7040 3. Literate 1735 2210 9485 13430 4. Occupational pattern a) Main workers 1113 1423 6083 8619 i) Cultivators 482 612 2628 3722 ii) Agricultural labourers 85 115 473 673
iii) Workers in household industry 85 100 433 618
iv) Other workers 485 623 2652 3760 b) Marginal workers 143 188 778 1109 Total working population (4) 1280 1638 6964 9882
Educational Status The education status of the surrounding area has substantially improved which was prevalent about five years ago. Appx. 50% of the total population of the study area was illiterate in the years of 2005 which has now reduced to 42% in the current study period. The existing educational status of members of the sampled households is depicted in Table 3.28. The table revealed that about 42% of total members in the sample are illiterate. This figure includes the non-school going children also. About 15% of the members have education at primary level. Middle school level educated people constitute around 16%. Persons with high school and intermediate level education are observed to be around 13%. The study area has substantial number of highly educated persons (i.e., Graduate, PG and technical). As reported by the respondents during field survey, their interest towards education has been increasing due to hope of getting employment which may come up especially in the non-agricultural sectors in this region, as an indirect impact of this project. The general awareness towards the importance of education is expected to increase as a result of the new project and hence, it can be said that the project has a strong positive impact on the level of education of the people of the study area.
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Table 3.26 : Educational Status of the people of the Study Area
Sl.No Level of education (% in total)
Illiterate 42.2 literate 57.8 1. Primary 15.80
2. Middle school level 16.5
3. High schooling and intermediate 13.1
4. Graduation 8.9
5. PG 2.97
6. Technical 2.97
Literacy level: The literacy level has improved significantly and it will improve further.
General health and living conditions General health and hygiene condition is quite satisfactory. Medical hygiene pertains to the hygiene practices related to the administration of medicine, and medical care, that prevents or minimizes disease and the spreading of disease.
IRS LISS III Colour Composite Image of Study area Seven major primary land cover types were delineated using satellite data viz: forest, scrub, waste lands, agricultural fields, orchards, built up area and water bodies. From IRS LISS-III land use/land cover map it may be seen that agriculture constitutes 51.2% of total area, while the scrub and waste lands covers 2.7% and 3.9% area respectively. Where as water area accounted as 13.5% of area. The area under 10 km buffer represents 87.2 sq.km of forests with proportion of 27.6% of geographical area under study. Agricultural situation Agriculture is a major source from which people of the
area derive their income. However, the climatic District Boundary
condition and the quality of soil of the area are not JHARSUGUDA DISTRICT suitable for developed agriculture. Table 4.23 presents the cropping pattern in the study area prior to Company Boundary establishment of the project. From the table it is evident that paddy is the main crop produced. Paddy is grown SAMBALPUR DISTRICT on about 89% the Gross Cropped Area (GCA). Other District Boundary than paddy, vegetables are also grown in this area.
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Table 3.27: Cropping Pattern & Cropping Intensity
Area covered in GCA S/N Crop (%) 1 Paddy (Wharf) 88.7 2 Others 11.3 TOTAL 100
The productivity figure for paddy is found to lie much below state averages.
Tabe 3.28 : Crop Productivity
S/N Crop Productivity (Qtl./ac.)
1 Paddy 6.8
It is observed in the area is that the cropping intensity is quite low. This indicates backwardness of agriculture. Scanty rainfall, scarcity of irrigation water and low quality soil permitted them to produce only a few crops.
3.5. 8 Employment and Income Effect Direct employment The operating plant of BPSL has provided substantial employment opportunities both direct and indirect for the people around the area. Through the direct employment opportunities, huge no. of people of surrounding areas have got the employment in BPSL Plant. Huge no of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled work force will be employed during construction of expansion project units. During the construction period, the project is going to create substantial employment and income. A large portion of these is likely to trickle down to the local people. Besides this, some persons from the study area may get employment on permanent basis for actual operation of the plant in the form of skilled or semi- skilled, or unskilled labour. Moreover, for regular mining activities local people may get jobs as wage labourer. Thus, substantial amount of employment and income are expected to be generated for the local people. Hence, it can be ascertained that the project is going to have significant employment and income effects.
Indirect employment In the case of indirect employment also, the effect is quite strong and widespread. Besides direct employment, the project is expected to generate substantial indirect employment in other sectors. So far indirect employment is concerned, the effect is very strong and widespread specifically in mining, ancillary industries and transport sectors. In view of the above, it can be justifiably concluded that the present
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project has tremendous positive employment and income effects. Overall assessment of the employment and income effects indicates that the project has strong positive direct as well as indirect impact on employment and income generation.
3.5. 9 Industrialization around the steel plants The BPSL plant has already contributed in converting the place into a industrialised area. Besides other industries which came up subsequently has also contributed towards the development of ancillary units. These ancillary units usually have input-output linkages with the steel plants. The demand for spares, assemblies and sub-assemblies by steel plants are generally met through the supply (of these items) from ancillary units located nearly. This brings forth mutual advantages with one acting as complementary to another. Proper utilisation of these mutual advantages is expected to play a catalytic role in the development of the region where the present project is proposed to be implemented. The ancillary industries that are likely to come up in the vicinity of the steel plant can be grouped into three categories, viz., spares, metal based and chemical based. These will be complemented by the service units. This indicates that scope is there for industrialisation in the area surrounding the plant. It is important to note that the ancillary units are usually labour-intensive and high-priority industries from social point of view. The proposed project is expected to foster the process of growth of small-scale industrial economy around the steel plant complemented by the services sector. This is playing and continues to play a major role in the further economic and social development of this area.
3.6 IMPACT ASSESSMENT DUE TO ADDITIONAL UNITS OF 3.0 MTPA EXPANSION Additional Production units for 3.0 MTPA Expansion Study has been carried out to assess Environmental impact due to implementation of additional units envisaged for achieving the capacity of plant to 3.0 MTPA. The environmental assessment for the plant with units that are already operational for 2.2 MTPA capacity is already presented in impact due to the additional units to be made fully operational are discuss below.
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Table 3.29 : List of Additional units under 3.0 MTPA expansion
Sl. Capacity of Additional Unit Description No. units 1. Iron Ore Fines Beneficiation Plant 1200 TPH 2. Pellet Plant 3.5 MTPA 3. DRI Kilns 2 x500 TPD 4. Oxygen Plant 1 x600 / 660 TPD 5. Captive Power Plant 130 MW 6. Recovery Type Coke Oven Plant 1.0 MTPA 7. Sinter Plant 1 x 204 /218 m2 8. Blast Furnace 1 x 2015 m3 2x100 T EAF 2 x 100 T LF Steel Melting and Casting Unit 9 1 x5 Strand Billet Caster with AOD/ VLC/ Forging Unit and 1 x2 strand Bloom Caster 10 Wire Drawing Unit/ Heavy Bar Mill 0.55 MTPA 11. Lime and Dolo Plant 1 x300+1x 600 TPD Heavy & Bright Bar finishing lines 12 0.45 MTPA etc.
There are two distinct phases in installation of additional units in the plant. These are construction and operational phases. The construction phase involves socio-economic impacts if done in a new site.
Since all additional units are to be installed within the existing plant boundary of acquired land of 1300 acres, there will not be any socio-economic impact such as land, displacement, rehabilitation etc. The general impact involved in construction and operation is given below :
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3.6.1 SOURCES AND TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Table 3.30: List of Additional units under 3.0 MTPA expansion Feed & Form of Units Operation Pollutants Recipient Fuels pollution I. Construction Stage Construction - Dusts Air Air pollution materials Noise Slurry water Open Water drain pollution Construction Land Land debris pollution II. Operational Stage Coking Australian Coal Heat, Dust Air Air pollution Coal, carbonization SO2, NOX VOCs Sinter Plant Iron ore Sintering at Heat, Dusts, Air Air pollution fines, an elevated SO2 , NOX Limestone temperature Noise Air Work-zone fines, etc as pollution feed and coke breeze and flue gas as fuel Blast Coke, Lump Hot metal Heat, Dusts, Air Air pollution Furnace Iron Ore, making SO2, NOX Sinter, Noise Work- Work-zone Fluxes and zone air pollution \ fuel gas DRI, Scrap, Heat, Dusts, Air Air pollution Steel Melt Steel making Hot Metal, SO , NO shop and casting 2 X flux, Fuel Noise Work- Work-zone zone air pollution Lime/Dolo Limestone Calcinations Heat, SO2, Air Air pollution calcining and fuel gas Dust, NOx Heavy Bar Billets/ Bars Heat, dust Air Air pollution Mill Blooms fuel SO2, NOx gas Noise Work Work Zone Zone Air Pollution
3.6.2 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS An attempt has been made to identify and list all possible aspects, which could generate significant impact due to above additional units on different environmental attributes. Some of these impacts are insignificant and don't warrant further analysis.
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Thus objective is to identify and list only the significant impacts, which shall require detailed analysis to the extent of decision-making purposes. The major construction activities will be of short duration and will have very few lasting impacts. The operation will have the potential of major impacts, which has been analyzed in detail. Based on the impacts identified, most affected environmental attributes have been considered for detailed evaluation.
In this chapter the anticipated environmental impacts and the proposed mitigation measures for the additional plant units of BPSL have been described.
Impact prediction is a way of mapping the environmental consequences of the significant aspects of the additional units. The impact assessment will focus on the additional units and will broadly cover the following information and components:
• Assessment of physical effects will be covered for all phases including location, design, construction, operation and possible accidents.
• Estimation by type and quantity of expected contaminants, residues, and emissions (air, water, noise, solid wastes) resulting from the operation of the these units.
The anticipated environmental impacts of the additional plant units are discussed below under the following categories:
• Impacts andAction plan for mitigating impact during construction • Impacts andAction plan for mitigating impact during operation.
Impacts andAction plan for mitigating impact during construction Construction phase impact may be on land use, ground water, water quality, air quality, noise etc. These aspects are discussed here under.
3.6.2 LAND USE Impacts The additional plant units will be located within the existing plant boundary. Accordingly, most of the construction activity will be limited within the existing BPSL plant premises and in the already levelled up area. No large-scale excavation, soil erosion, loss of topsoil is expected. Moreover, plant site is already a fairly well developed area with all sorts of infrastructure already available. It is therefore most unexpected that influx of construction labour is going to change present land use pattern. Based on the construction approach and well established infrastructure the impacts will be localized, minor, short term and limited to construction phase
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3.7 ACTION PLAN FOR MITIGATING IMPACT No significant impact envisaged due to addition of few plant units.
3.7.1 AMBIENTAIR QUALITY Impacts
The construction and associated activities of additional plant units will lead to emission of different pollutants in magnitude only. During the construction phase, Particulate Matter (PM) will be the main pollutant. However, as already mentioned, the major part of proposed units will be carried out within the premises of an already existing operating plant having all infrastructural facilities, and as such no large- scale construction activity covering a large area is expected. Therefore the particulate matter emission will not be much and will be localized only. However insignificant quantity of gaseous pollutants like SO2, NOx, will be added to the ambient air due to vehicular movement associated with this construction phase. Gaseous emissions from construction machineries and vehicles will be attempted to be minimized by enforcing strict emission monitoring system for the suggested mitigation measures. The impact will be confined within the specific plant area where the proposed units in plant is taking place and is expected to be negligible outside the plant boundary. Further, the impact of such activities will be temporary and will be restricted to the construction phase only.
During the construction period the impacts that are associated with the air quality are:
• Deterioration of air quality due to fugitive dust emissions from construction activities (especially during dry season) like excavation, back filling and concreting, hauling and dumping of earth materials and from construction spoils.
• Generation of pollutants due to operation of heavy vehicles and movement of machineries and equipment for material handling, earth moving, laying of sands, metal, stones, asphalt, etc.
Action plan for mitigating impact
The following mitigation measures will be employed during construction period to reduce the pollution level to acceptable limits.
• Proper and prior planning, appropriate sequencing and scheduling of all major construction activities will be done, and timely availability of infrastructure supports needed for construction will be ensured to shorten the construction period vis-à-vis reduce pollution.
• Construction materials will be stored in covered godown or enclosed spaces to prevent the wind blown fugitive emissions.
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• Stringent construction material handling / overhauling procedures will be followed.
• Truck carrying soil, sand, stone dust, and stone will be duly covered to avoid spilling and fugitive emissions.
• Adequate dust suppression measures such as regular water sprinkling at vulnerable areas of construction sites will be undertaken to control fugitive dust during material handling and hauling activities in dry seasons.
• The construction material delivering vehicles will be covered in order to reduce spills.
• It will be ensured that all construction equipment and vehicles are in good working conditions, properly tuned and maintained to keep emission within the permissible limits and engines turned off when not in use to reduce pollution.
• Vehicles and machineries would be regularly maintained so that emissions confirm to standards of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), New Delhi.
• Monitoring of air quality at regular intervals will be conducted during construction phase.
3.7.2 WATER QUALITY (SURFACE WATER) Impacts description and analysis
The impacts on water quality during construction phase mainly arise due to site cleaning, levelling, excavation, storage of construction material etc.Alevelling and excavation activity normally increases the level of suspended solids in the surface water runoff. However, for the Coke oven complex, sinter plant and blast furnace complex, Steel Melt Shop, Heavy Bar Mill, Lime & Dolo Plant, no large scale levelling is required since the these units will be established in already existing site. Excavation will be limited.
Action Plan for mitigating impact
• Quality of wastewater emanating from the construction site will be controlled through the existing drainage system with sediment traps for arresting the silt / sediment load before its disposal.
• All the washable construction material will be stored under sheds or enclosed space by fencing it with brick or earth in order to prevent spillage into the drainage network, so that the same does not find its way into the surface water runoff.
• No water will be let out. All the water generated will be utilized for afforestration, sprinkling and other activities within the plant premises.
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3.7.3 WATER QUALITY (GROUND WATER) Impacts description and analysis
The proposed additional units will be limited within an existing plant. The plant is already having all infrastructure facilities including water supply.The water requirement during the construction phase will be low and will be met from the already existing water supply facilities. Thus no ground water extraction is envisaged. Therefore, it is most unlikely that construction phase will bring any modification in the ground water regime of the area. Therefore, the construction phase of the proposed reconfiguration of few plant units will have no impact on the ground water.
Mitigation Measures No impact envisaged on ground water regime due to additional units.
3.7.4 AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL Impacts description and analysis
Major sources of noise during the construction phase are vehicular traffic, construction equipment etc. The operation of the equipment will generate noise level ranging between 45 to 80 dB (A). However this noise level will be near the source only and is expected not to create any noise pollution problem at far off distances and outside the plant premises. The noise generated during the construction phase from different equipments may have some adverse impact on the operators.
Action Plan for Mitigation Protective gears (PPE) such as earplugs, earmuffs etc will be provided to construction personnel exposed to high noise levels as preventive measures and will be strictly adhered to minimize / eliminate any adverse impact. It will be ensured that all the construction equipment and vehicles used are in good working condition, properly lubricated and maintained to keep noise within the permissible limits and engines tuned off when not in use to reduce noise.
Ecological Environment Impacts description and analysis
The additional plant units shall be located within the existing steel plant, will remain within 1300 acres of land transferred by government of Orissa to BPSL. The area involved is small comparison to study area and hence the impacts on the study area as a whole will be insignificant. Based on vegetation distribution and presence of no sensitive habitat or rare, threatened or endangered species, removal of vegetation will not constitute any impact.
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Action Plan for Mitigation No impact envisaged
3.7.5 CONSTRUCTION WASTE Impact Description andAnalysis
Construction activities will generate significant quantities of solid waste. This mainly comprises material scraps, debris from site clearance, excavation, construction, demolition and road works. Construction Waste can be divided in to two categories • Inert construction waste • Non-inert construction waste Non-inert construction waste is made-up of approximately 25 percent of the total construction waste, and usually comprises paper, plastic, timber, electrical wire, vegetation, packaging waste and other organic materials. Some of these can be recycled, while others are disposed of at landfills. In contrast, inert waste - otherwise known as public fill - mainly includes construction debris, rubble, earth, bitumen and concrete, which can be used for land formation. Materials like concrete and asphalt can also be recovered for construction use. BPSL has arrangement in place for waste to be collected on a regular basis for disposal service.
3.7.6 Employment Impact Description andAnalysis The construction phase will have a significant positive effect on the economy of local area in terms of increased direct and indirect employment. There will be a significant increase in the demand for both skilled and unskilled labour. Additionally there will be a significant increased demand for a wide range of supplies and services. The impact of employment levels will be distributed widely as the construction site workforce will originate from the wider local area. Increased indirect employment by businesses providing sales and services will also be widely distributed. The positive socioeconomic impact of increased direct and indirect employment will be significant and will continue for the duration of construction activities.
Over all there will be positive impact. Impacts &Action Plan for Mitigation during Operation Phase The additional plant units will only process raw materials.
3.8 Emission toAir Environment The air pollutants are generated at different stages of production in these plant units. Air pollutants may be particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, etc. These pollutants may be released as point source or fugitive emission.
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Methodology of ImpactAssessment The proposed addition of few plant units of 3.0 MTPA integrated steel plant will have very less impact on the air environment. While the impact of fugitive emissions will be within the short distance, the effect of emissions from the point sources will marginally have impact on the ambient air quality in the surrounding area. For assessment of expected air emissions from the proposed units the basic assumption followed are: The air pollution load emitted from the existing stacks (2.2 MTPAproduction) of BPSL is reflected in the air pollutants concentration in the ambient air quality. In order to compute the impacts due to change in pollution load, contributions from the additional units have been added onto the emission load calculated. Three sets of computation been carried out to predict the overall impacts. The atmospheric dispersion modelling and the prediction of ground level pollutant concentrations has great relevance in the following activities:
Impact Discussion Estimation of Ground Level Concentration (GLC) and its location in the study area: The prediction of Ground level concentrations (GLC) of pollutants emitted from the major process stacks of BPSL have been carried out using ISCST-3 Air Quality Simulation model released by USEPA which is also accepted by Indian statutory bodies. This model is basically a Gaussian dispersion model which considers multiple sources. The model accepts hourly meteorological data records to define the conditions of plume rise for each source and receptor combination for each hour of input meteorological data sequentially and calculates short term averages up to 24 hours. Stability has been computed by Turner's method and mixing height is estimated for the study area from the "Spatial distribution of hourly mixing depth over Indian region" published by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and used for dispersion modelling studies. In the present case, BPSL is proposing to add few of the plant units under expansion to 3.0 MTPA. Accordingly, sources and emitted pollutants are a straightforward addition, which can be directly used as source data input in the ISCST-3 model to assess the change in contribution of pollutants to the background from the proposed expansion. Stack emission details are estimated based on the actual measured data for the units that are already operating and similar design units have been proposed to be added under expansion. For the completely new units, the design data as furnished by Equipment / Technology suppliers have been considered.
Meteorological data of the project site is another input required for computation of the contribution by the proposed additional units.
To predict the impact of additional units and to study the impacts due to change in pollution load, contributions in general from the change units have been added to the existing back ground concentrations and predictions done accordingly.
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3.9 GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION (GLC) The emissions are estimated and the details of the proposed additional units stacks and emissions from them are given in Table- The change in pollution loads due to additional units of the plant are given in the below Table 3.33: The change in Pollution Load (g/s)
Table 3.31 : Stacks & Emission Details of additional Units over 2.2 MTPA Plant
Stack Stack Exit Emission Rate (g/sec) Description of Stack Flow Rate S/N Height Dia velocity Temp C Attached to (Nm3/hr) PM SO NOx (m) (m) (m/sec) 2 1 Coke Oven - Stack 120 4 141000 5.20 220 1.91 7.8 5.8 Sinter Plant - Charging 400000 2 Stack + 85 5 13.45 163 9.02 5.56 3.8 Sinter Plant Dedusting 250000 3 Stack = 4 BF Stove Stack 50 3.5 180000 10.00 300 0.75 2.5 1.5 BF Cast House Dedusting 5 35 3 300000 12.00 30 4.20 0 0 Stack BF Stock House 6 35 3.5 400000 12.00 35 5.50 0 0 Dedusting Stack 7 Pellet Plant 90 3 300000 14.16 85 4.60 5 6.9 8 DRI Process Stack-11 75 2 120000 15.06 150 1.67 20 0 9 DRI Process Stack-12 75 2 120000 15.06 150 1.67 20 0 10 DRI Process Stack-13 75 2 120000 15.06 150 1.67 20 0 11 DRI Process Stack-14 75 2 120000 15.06 150 1.67 20 0 12 DRI Kiln-11&12 35 2.5 300000 18.40 50 4.17 0 0 13 DRI Kiln-13&14 35 2.5 300000 18.40 50 4.17 0 0 EAF+LF Fume Extraction 14 60 2.75 272000 16.35 110 3.78 0 0 Stack-II 15 Wire Drawing Mill 50 2 55000 9.35 95 0.46 0.25 1.15 Heavy Bar Mill/Bright Bar 16 50 2 45000 9.00 95 0.45 0.25 1.15 Mill Power Plant CFBC-III 17 120 4 660000 20.22 140 9.17 23.83 13.75 (350tph) 18 Lime Plant 50 2 90000 10.00 100 1.25 0.6 1.89 Total load g/s 56.11 125.79 35.94
Stability has been computed by Turner's method and mixing height has been obtained from literature.The predicted maximum GLC values have been provided at Table 3.34.
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Table 3.32 : Maximum Resultant GLC's at monitoring stations (in µg/m3 ) Monitored Ambient Air Predicted GLCs due Resultant GLCs(Predicted S/N Location Quality (2.2 MTPA) to Additional units at 3.0 MTPA)
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx Brundamal A1 28 16 12 93 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 32.15 17.75 13.7 97.4 Village Sirpura A2 34 21 13 115 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 38.15 22.75 14.7 119.4 Village Gumkarma A3 31 14 11 94 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 35.15 15.75 12.7 98.4 Village Bamloi A4 36 16 12 96 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 40.15 17.75 13.7 100.4 Village Lapanga A5 30 20 11 103 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 34.15 21.75 13.7 107.4 Village Landupalli A6 18 10 10 85 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 22.15 11.75 11.7 89.4 Village Thelkoloi A7 39 22 12 118 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 43.15 23.75 13.7 122.4 Village Kandagarh A8 22 11 12 81 4.15 1.75 1.7 4.4 26.15 12.75 13.7 85.4 Village Note :All GLC values are in µg/m3 During the design phase all efforts have been made to adopt latest state of art technology and to install adequate pollution control measures for different process and de-dusting stacks. During the construction phase of the proposed expansion appropriate mitigation measures will be implemented to ameliorate the anticipated air quality problems. The following mitigation measures will be employed during operation period to reduce the pollution level to acceptable limits.
3.10 WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL Impacts description &Analysis The comparative waste generated from different additional units and 2.2 MTPA operating units of steel complex and its re-utilisation and disposal is given in section 3 with elaborate description of waste management system being practiced for 2.2 MTPA and efficient waste management team to take care of expansion 85% of wastes generated / to be degenerated will be recycled / reused and only 15% of waste will require dumping as per fool proof system and in environment friendly manager.
3.11 NOISE LEVELS Impacts description & analysis
During normal operations of the plant ambient noise levels may increase close to the machines but this will be confined only within steel complex boundary and that too will be confined within shops. The noise level within the plant boundary is occupational noise levels and confined within shops. The noise level are further minimized when the noise reaches the plant boundary and the nearest residential areas beyond the plant boundary. The elaborate green belt developed will further attenuate the noise level and fugitive emission. All the equipment in the reconfigured units will be designed/operated in such a way that the noise level shall not exceed 85 dB (A). However, if during operation, sometimes the noise level exceeds the norms due to breakdowns then the protective measures given in Environmental Management Plan will be followed.
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In addition to it, green belt development around the shops is to be done to minimise propagation of noise to nearby areas.
Action Plan for Mitigation Various measures proposed to reduce noise pollution include reduction of noise at source, provision of acoustic lagging for the equipment and vibration isolators, selection of low noise equipment, and isolation of noisy equipment from working personnel. In some areas where due to technological process, it is not feasible to bring down the noise level within acceptable limits of 85 dB (A) (at 1.5 m from source), personnel working in these areas will be provided with noise reduction aid such as ear muffs/ ear plugs and also the duration of exposure of the personnel will be limited as per the norms.
Action Plan - Technological Measures • Reducing vibration of high speed rotating machines by regular monitoring of vibration and taking necessary steps. • Design of absorber system for the pulpit operator's cabin. • All the equipment in different new units be designed/operated in such a way that the noise level shall not exceed 85 dB (A) as per . • Periodical monitoring of work zone noise and outside plant premises
Action Plan - Management Measures In a steel plant, with a variety of noise producing equipment, it may not be practicable to take technological control measures at all the places. In such cases the following administrative measures shall be taken:
• Un-manned high noise zone will be marked as "High Noise Zone". • In shops where measures are not feasible, attempts shall be made to provide operators with soundproof enclosure to operate the system.
• Workers exposed to noise level will be provided with protection devices like earmuffs as per present practice and will be advised to use them regularly, while at work.
• Workers exposed to noisy work place shall be provided with rotational duties. • All workers will be regularly checked up medically for any noise related health problem. Over and above all these adopted measures, thick green belt existing surrounding BPSL plant premises will further attenuate the sound levels reaching the receptors within and outside the plant premises.
3.12 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH Impact
Working operation of expanded plant unit is cumbersome and negligence in plant operations may cause risk to safety and health problems.
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Action Plan for Mitigation Company has already setup a dispensary within the plant fully equipped with basic first aid materials. Also two doctors, pharmacists and assistance staff has been engaged for round the clock service. Pre-joining medical examination and periodic health checkups of all the employees as well as contractual workers are done in the dispensary. For ensuring better occupational health and safety the following measures will be provided:
Action Plan - General Measures
• Proper control of fugitive dust/fumes from sources inside complex including fumes etc and to keep all scrubbing systems in perfect conditions. Keeping ventilation systems of premises in perfect working order to avoid accumulation of fumes within shop floor.
• Keeping air conditioning plants in perfect running conditions for control/instrumentation rooms. • Based on the environmental monitoring for dust, gases, fumes, noise & vibration, the workers exposed to these will be regularly checked in medical unit and results will be intimated to management.
• Workers exposed to noise prone areas will be medically checked and proper noise protective equipment will be supplied to them and will be encouraged to use the same.
• More doctors in plant medical unit will be additionally trained in the field of occupational health as policy matter.
Action Plan - House Keeping Proper housekeeping is the key to proper environmental management. This creates proper working environment for the work force and safe working conditions. BPSL has taken up a massive drive for improving the house keeping conditions. Initial results have been encouraging. However efforts are on to improve the condition further. However, for the proposed project the following good housekeeping measures will be adopted:
• Regular cleaning of shop floors • Avoiding accumulation and dumping of wastes and damaged equipment and items anywhere inside the plant affecting aesthetics.
• Developing a positive outlook in the employees for keeping the work place, both in factory, office or laboratory, clean and well maintained.
• Maintaining hygienic conditions in areas like canteens, near drinking water sources and toilets.
3.13C onclusion A. For Present operating Plant ( 2.2 MTPA) On the basis of the overall results of the present impact assessment the following conclusions are drawn:
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i) The ambient air quality around the steel plant indicates the level of particulate matter (PM), SO2, NOx, OS) well within the national and international norms/ standards. ii) The level of noise outside the plant boundaries, work zone noise indicate very satisfactory parameters in comparison to permissible national and international norms iii) The parameters of surface water quality and ground water quality indicated in the tables in the chapter also conforms to national and international standards. iv) The soil characteristics indicate no sign of any degradation in respect of nutrients and micro nutrients values. v) The stack emissions parameters for PM, SO2, NOx from all operating process and dedusting stacks of different operating units including power plant are also well within the national and international norms. vi) The most important area of steel plant operations in respect of environment control is waste management. The waste management of BPSL as in place now for the operating plants is strictly as per the guidelines of regulatory authorities and in line with the international guidelines. The dumping site is being monitored by inspecting statutory authorities regularly. The other wastes are also meeting the regulations and standards. vii) Effluent and waste water discharge is fully meeting the Zero discharge concept of the plant and all process effluents including surface runoff and storm water are treated in ETP/ WWTP in the waste water treatment plant. viii) The ecology of the area does not reveal any adverse impact on flaura and fauna and on vegetations. ix) The socio economic impact study of the area has reveled progressive growth in direct and indirect employment opportunities, improvement in the socio-economic condition of the surrounding area people, improvement in the level of education, general improvement in health and hygiene conditions etc. x) The people in general have expressed satisfaction and happiness due to rapid industrialization of their area and general improvement in their earning capacity and availability of facilities required for daily life. Xi) The CSR initiative of the company is providing development to the surrounding. Regular consultation with the people,effective platform for any grievance redressal. B. For 3.0 MTPA expansion The following conclusion is drawn for the Social & Environment impact for the existing operating plant and likely impact under expansion.
·The assessment of impact due to installation of additional units in the present environment reveals that there will not be any adverse impact on the environment in anyway. The main reasons for this prediction is due to introduction of latest technologies of world standard such as Sinter Plant, Blast Furnace, Coke Oven & by Product etc.and the advantages to be derived in terms of
saving in fuel consumption, electricity generation with CDQ, TRT,reduction in CO2 etc. have been elaborated in chapter 04. Substantial advantages will be derived due to reduction in DRI
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requirement for Steel production due to availability of hot metal with 2nd Blast Furnace of 2015 m3 . The steel production of 3.0 MTPA can be achieved with 75% hot metal charge in EAF bringing about more than 40% reduction in Electricity consumption. The resultant benefits will be
substantial reduction of CO2 in the Environment.
·With the commissioning of 1.0 MTPA recovery Coke Oven battery, BPSL will be almost self sufficient in terms of internal generation of fuel except for torch cutting etc. bringing financial saving of about Rs. 700 Crores per year to be spent on purchased fuel. This will also bring
substantial reduction in CO2 emission.
·The zero discharge concept of water from inception controls all aspects of water management in the plant as discussed in Section 3.
·The waste management especially the solid waste management is fully meeting the National and International norm. The present environment management team with minor strengthening can fully meet the requirement of the expanded plant based on the current technique and system.
·The green belt development which is a continuous effort of BPSL and positive socio-economic consideration are effective and expected to strengthen with joint co-operation of all stake holders.
·The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of BPSL is satisfactory and long term action plan when implemented will further improve socio-economic level of the surrounding area.
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4.1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK India's framework for environmental management is shaped by several policy documents; strategic plans and; laws and regulations and institutions. These are summarised as follows:
4.2 POLICY AND PLANNING FRAMEWORK The Government of India regulates the environmental management system in the country through specific legislations.and is responsible for ensuring environmental compliance by project promoters include: ·M inistry of Environment & Forests (MOEF). The Ministry of Environment & Forest is the Statutory Body of Government of India who issues clearances for setting up any project after due examination of the project proposal. The ExpertAppraisal Committee of MOEF clears the project after examination of the proposal with regards to environmental implications and commitments made by the project proponent towards meeting the environmental and social guidelines laid by the Ministry. The ministry of Environment & Forest while issuing the approval / clearance to any project specially projects for Iron & Steel Manufacturing indicates detail conditions for compliance by project proponent for protecting the environment in all aspects i.e. Air, Water, Soil & Noise as well as guidelines for social aspects.. There are comprehensive steps elaborated by MOEF through EIA Notification for grant of environmental clearance.The essential steps are indicated below i. Approval of Terms of Reference by Expert Appraisal Committee of MOEF after due examination of project proposal in regards to likely impact of the industry on the environment. ii. Preparation of ESIA/EMP report by reputed independent environmental Agency/Consultant after conducting field study and collection of various data to establish the background environmental scenario for a minimum period of 3 months. iii. Submission of the EIA/EMP report by project proponent to MOEF and State Pollution Board for examination and approval. iv. After approval State Pollution Control Board conducts public hearing at the site where all people of the adjoining area raise their concern relating to socioeconomic issues including rehabilitation & resettlement, health, safety, environment etc. The public hearing proceeding are videographed by the officials of SPCB. v. The District Collector further prepares the conclusion of public hearing with respect to recomendibility of the project.
MOEF as apex regulatory authority which monitors the compliances of environmental conditions through its regulatory arms such as.
· Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) & · State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).
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Table 4.1 : International Conventions and Treaties Sl Policies /Plan Status No. 1. United Nation Convention on Biological Signed in 1992, Ratified in 1994 Diversity(UNCBD) 2. United Nations Framework Convention on Signed in June 1992 Ratified in 2001 Climate Change (UNFCC)
4.3 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK The following acts, laws, rules, guidelines and their amendments time to time are applicable for the steel plant under the study: 1. Notification by MOEF on revisedAir Water quqlity standards published in March 2012. 2. Environmental (Protection)Act, 1986 andAmendments. 3. TheAir (Prevention & Control of Pollution)Act, 1981. 4. The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution)Act, 1974. 5. The Forest ConservationAct, 1980. 6. The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000. 7. Manufacture, storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 8. SMPV Rules, 2002 9. Gas cylinder Rules, 2004 10. Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 11. Bio-medical wastes (Management, Handling) Rules, 2011 12. Public Liability InsuranceAct, 1991 13. India Boiler Regulation, 1950 14. ElectricityAct, 2003 and Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 15. Petroleum Rules, 2002 16. Motor VehiclesAct, 1958 17. FactoriesAct, 1948 and Orissa Factories Rules, 1950
4.4 Other codes and guidelines 1. EIA Manual published by Ministry of Environment & Forests, January 2001 and subsequent amendment in September, 2006. 2. IS Codes & CPCB Guidelines for Monitoring &Analysis ofAir, Water, Soil, etc. 3. General Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines of IFC 4. Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines of IFC for Integrated Steel Mills
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4.5 IFC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS ON ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IFC Performance Standard 1- Assessment and management of Environmental and Social risks and impacts Environmental and Social Impact assessment has been carried out refer Section 3 and Section 5 of this report.
IFC Performance Standard 2- Labour and working condition Labour and working condition for any industry in India is governed by India Factories Act, Provident Fund Act, Labour Laws etc.BPSL as a fair and reasonable employer has promoted a working environment where fair treatment, non-discrimination and equal opportunity of the worker are the main pillar. BPSL has endeavored to maintain congenial worker management relationship by providing safe and healthy working conditions. The benefits as provided in the labour laws and other related employee benefits scheme are provided to all workers including the worker engaged by third parties. As a policy BPSL do not employ child labour. With this positive view taken by BPSL the management employee relation is highly satisfactory without any business disruption in near past.
IFC Performance Standard 3- Resource Efficiency and Pollution prevention BPSL has taken effective and meaningful steps for optimizing the utilization of resources for improving efficiency as regards consumption of material inputs, energy, water etc. by recycling wastes and hot gases. In the proposed expansion program for achieving 3.0 MTPA finished steel efficient technologies have been selected from abroad for reducing consumption of fuel and coke (Refer Section 1 Introduction of the report) BPSL has selected equipment and ensured plant operation in an environment friendly manner to keep release of pollutants in the atmosphere well within the permissible limits as envisaged in IFC guidelines, limits prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board and Ministry of Enviroment and Forest, Govt. of India. The plant is operated as a zero discharged plant and no pollutants are released in stream, river or other natural outlets (Refer Social and Environmental ImpactAssessment Section 3 of this report).
IFC Performance Standard 4- Community Health, Safety and Security BPSL has in place elaborate safety system for ensuring safety and health of the workmen during the construction stage of the project and during the project lifecycle. BPSL has also brought the population around the plant in its ambit of healthcare programme by organizing health camps and providing potable drinking water. Populations around the plant are also provided emergency medical care from the plant medical centre. BPSL has formulated an elaborated onsite emergency preparedness plan to deal with the possible emergencies which may strike the plant site. A well equipped fire station is functioning round the clock to deal with any plant fires. The fire station also renders help to put out fire in neighboring areas of the plant.
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IFC Performance Standard 5- land acquisition and involuntary settlement About 1304 acres of land was acquired by Orissa infrastructure development corporation Govt of Orissa and handed over to BPSL for construction of this plant. The proposed expansion of the plant for achieving the capacity of the plant to 3.0 MTPA will be executed within the acquired land and no additional land needs to be acquired. As per the assessment of earlier impact study made after the land was taken over several measures were taken to rehabilitate the project displaced families by providing alternative accommodation, employment in the project, cash compensation. A proper rehabilitation center already exist with all social amenities, which were created by BPSL by providing electricity, establishment of school, development of roads and sanitation facilities as per guidelines of state authorities (refer section 3 of the report). A grievance mechanism is in place and functioning to mitigate the grievances of the people around the plant. The mechanism ensures general public and the stakeholders to lodge complaints/ suggestions in respect to the companies operation which affect their livelihood. The complaints received are promptly addressed to the satisfaction of the complainant. To address the grievances of the villagers in the peripheral villages, the district administration has formed a rehabilitation and periphery development advisory committee for the company. Representative of all the peripheral villages, district administration and the company are members of this committee. This committee meets once in a year. All grievances of different villages are deliberated in this forum and necessary course of action by the company are decided. The company also delivers its action plan regarding various CSR activities.
Performance Standard-6- Biodiversity conservation and sustainable management system. BPSL has taken effective measures to protect and conserve the bio-diversity in the plant area and has promoted sustainable management of living natural resources by adoption of practices which integrate conservation needs and development. The company has started plantation programme for enriching ecology and vegetation in and around the plant. A wide green belt has been established all along the boundery. The tree covers as well as the green belt developed improved the ecological balance of the area.( refer section 3 of this report).
Performance Standard-7- Indigenous People. The land acquired for the plant was thinly populated and was not inhibited by any indigenous people.
Performance Standard-8- Cultural heritage The project site was a barren land without any building or structure which to be protected legally. The land was also not a legally protected cultural heritage area.
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4. 6 IMPLICATIONS OF EIA NOTIFICATION Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF), Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification 1994 and its subsequent amendments in 2006, deal with steel plant related to expansion work, including modification /alteration in capacity etc. As per the above notification and its amendment of 14th September 2006. Approval/ Clearance of MOEF is required to be obtained before start of project activities at site. This is required to be done through detailed Environment Assessment Report to be prepared by accredited agency and submitted to MOEF by Project Proponent.
4.7 STATUTORY CLEARANCES As stated above the integrated steel plant is being setup in phased manner and accordingly Environmental Clearance was obtained from Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi in phased manner as per details described below Table 4.2 : Environmental Clearences Sl. No. Description Letter No. & Date Environmental Clearance obtained J-11011/228/2003 - IA II dated 1 for 1.2 MTPA 12.05.2004. Environmental Clearance obtained J-11011/372/2006 - IA II (I) dated 2 for expansion from 1.2 to 2.2 MTPA 29.03.2007
Environmental Clearance obtained J-11011/40/2009-IA II (I) dated 3 for expansion from 2.2 to 2.8 MTPA 02.04.2010
Application for obtaining Environmental Clearance for expansion from 2.8 to 3.0 MTPA has been submitted and the expansion proposal has been cleared by the Expert Appraisal Committee of MOEF on 14th June 2012.The Environmental Clearance letter is likely to be issued within a short period of time. Similarly Consent to Establish / NOC was obtained from Orissa State Pollution Control Board (OSPCB) phase wise as described below Table 4.3 : Consent to establish Sl. No. Description Letter No. & Date Consent to Establish / NOC obtained for 31948/IND/II/NOC/2049 1 1.2 MTPA dated 05.11.2004
2 Consent to Establish / NOC obtained for 24551/IND/II/NOC/4041 expansion from 1.2 to 2.2 MTPA dated 05.10.2006
3 Consent to Establish / NOC obtained for 17172/IND/II/NOC/5265 expansion from 2.2 to 2.8 MTPA dated 20.10.2010
Forest Clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forest, Government of India was obtained prior to startup of this project in the year 2005 vide letter no. 8-58/2004-FC dated 26.05.2005. Permission for drawl of 100 cusec water from the back water reservoir of Hirakud Dam was obtained from
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Department of Water Resource, Government of Orissa vide letter no. 20562/WR/Irr-II-Misc-1/2000 dated 17.06.2003.
4.8 International Environment standards and Prevailing Standards in India. India's regulatory institutions have published environment standards that must be complied as per Act/Rule. Further MOEF/CPCB have also published various guidelines on Corporate Responsibility for Environment Protection (CREP) which are in addition to the Acts & Rules and needs to be monitored by Regulatory Authorities such as CPCB/OSPCB. Indian Environment Act and Guidelines has specified all essential parameters which are critical to general health and safety of the people surrounding the project. The International Standards and Norms for Environment has identified all the possible elements of emission / discharge with respect toAir, Water, Soil & Noise.
Like any progressive and visionary project proponent, BPSL always aims at sustainability of plant operation without any hindrance which may occur due to changing environmental norms in foreseeable future. In view of this, the company BPSL always selects technology which is of world standard and will be able to meet international guidelines. For example the regulatory norm for particulate matter in ambient air in India as per law is 100 mg/Nm3 but BPSL has selected technologies of current expansion from world leaders with all the latest technologies towards environmental control which will ensure particulate matter to level of < 50 mg/Nm3 . All the technologies as indicated below with ESP & Bag Filters will not allow emission level beyond 50 mg/Nm3 . Base technologies are key to environment control and if not adopted at the project & design stage, the results will not be satisfactory even with stringent Regulations. Keeping this is view, BPSL has incorporated all measures to meet the environment parameters, meeting to IFC guidelines value and in line with the frame work of the Equator Principles even if it is not specified in the present Indian EnvironmentAct/ guidelines but may come up in due course of time
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4.8.1 Comparison amongst performance standards of IFC, MOEF India, CPCB and BPSL
Table 4.4 : Air Emission Levels for Integrated Steel Mills
IFC Guideline Pollutant Units CPCB/MOEF BPSL Value Particulate Matter mg/Nm3 20-50a 50 <50 Oil Mist mg/Nm3 15 NI
3 150 for Coke 151 & 500 for NOX mg/Nm 500, 750 (coke oven) oven Coke oven 3 SO2 mg/Nm 500 500 500 VOC mg/Nm3 20 NI 20 PCDD/F TEQ/Nm3 0.1 NI Carbon Monoxide 100 (EAF) 300 (coke mg/Nm3 NI 1% (CO) oven)
Chromium (Cr) mg/Nm3 4 NI 4 Cadmium (Cd) mg/Nm3 0.2 NI 0.2 Lead (Pb) mg/Nm3 2 NI 2 Nickel (Ni) mg/Nm3 2 NI 2 Hydrogen Chloride mg/Nm3 10 NI 10 (HCL) Fluoride mg/Nm3 5 NI <5 Hydrogen Fluoride mg/Nm3 10 NI <10 (HF) 3 H2S mg/Nm 5 NI 5 Ammonia mg/Nm3 30 NI 30 Benzo(a)pirene mg/Nm3 0.1 NI 0.1 Tar fumes mg/Nm3 5 NI 5 NI: Not Indicated
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Table 4.5 : Effluents Levels for Integrated Steel Mills Sector
Pollutants Units Guideline Value CPCB / MOEF BPSL pH - 9-Jun 6-8.5 6.5-8.5 TSS mg/L 35 100 <35 Oil and grease mg/L 10 10 <10 Temperature increase 0C <3a 50C 30C COD mg/L 250 250 250 BOD 3 Phenol mg/L 0.5 1 0.5 Cadmium mg/L 0.01 2 0.01 Chromium (total) mg/L 0.5 2 <0.5 Chromium (hexavalent) mg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1 Copper mg/L 0.5 3 <0.5 Lead mg/L 0.2 0.1 0.1 Tin mg/L 2 NI 2 Mercury mg/L 0.01 0.01 0.01 Nickel mg/L 0.5 3 <0.5 Zinc mg/L 2 5 <2 Cyanides (free) mg/L 0.1 NI 0.1 Cyanides (total) mg/L 0.5 0.2 0.2 Nitrate / Nitrogen mg/L 30 10 10
Ammonia (NH3) mg/L NI 5 5 Dissolved Phosphorous (P) mg/L NI 5 5 Fluoride (F) mg/L 5 2 2 Sulfides (S) mg/L 0.1 2 <0.1 Iron (FC) mg/L 5 3 2 PAH mg/L 0.05 NI 0.05 As per Toxicity To be determined on a case specific basis requirement
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5.0 NTRODUCTION Environment Management and Monitoring Plan (EMP) has been prepared based on the present environmental scenario and predicted impact of the project after expansion in the study area. The primary purpose of the EMP is to evaluate the environmental management system already in practice at BPSL for the operating plant and that required after expansion. As discussed in Section 1 (Plant description), the technology of the production units play critical role in pollution Management. It is a matter of satisfaction that BPSL has employed the world standard technology. This has contributed effective management of pollution in the operating plant and for additional units after expansion. This is to ensure that all the activities associated with construction, operation, and closure that could affect the environment can be managed, and that responsibilities and appropriate resources can be allocated to all aspects for effective management as per international standards, equator principles etc.
5.1 Air Pollution Management The major source of air pollution in the existing plant is from DRI Kilns, Sinter plant, Blast Furnace, Boilers of captive power plant, Lime & Dolomite Plant, besides Electric Arc Furnace, Reheating Furnaces of Rolling Mills etc. The Technology of DRI Kiln of Lurgi, Germany, non recovery type Coke Oven of China incorporated utilization of hot gases in waste heat boilers for generation of electricity. Gases after boiler are cleaned in ESP to reduce the emissions of PM from the stacks. The ESPs have an efficiency of 99.8%. This limits the emission of PM from each flue to maximum 50 mg/Nm3. ESP are designed with 50-mg/Nm3 dust emission. The low concentration of sulphur in the waste gases (sulphur is removed by dolo) in DRI production will lead to less emissions of SO2. Moreover the stacks are 75 to 120 m high to ensure sufficient dispersion (i.e. dilution) of the pollutants.
The burners are designed so as to produce less quantity of NOx inAFBC and CFBC boiler of CPP. To reduce fugitive dust emission due to handling of iron ore, coal, dust extraction and dust suppression systems is installed at appropriate locations. The Crusher House is provided with dry type dust extraction system with bag filters. Plain water type dust suppression system have been provided at all around the coal/ raw material stockpiles. The dust extraction systems consist of suction hoods, fans and bag filter units with all accessories. The dust suppression systems consist of water sprinkling systems. The bottom ash generated from AFBC and CFBC Boilers are taken to the ash pond. To prevent fugitive dust emissions from the exposed bottom ash, a layer of soil are spread on the ash. In addition, a green belt is developed around the ash pond surroundings to prevent dispersion of fugitive dust to nearby areas. Following are the list of pollution control equipment envisaged in the plant.
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Table 5.1 : List of Pollution Control Equipment
Name Of The Unit Pollution Control System DRI Process Stack 1 DRI-WHRB STACK- I to X ESP DRI KILNS - De-dusting stack 2 DRI KILN I to X ESP Blast Furnace Complex 3 BF STOVE STACK Natural Draft 4 BF-DRY GAS CLEANING Bag House 5 BF-STOCK HOUSE ESP Dry Fog Dust 6 BF-CAST HOUSE Suppression System Sinter Plant 7 Sinter Plant-Charging Stack ESP 8 Sinter Plant Discharging Stack ESP 9 Sinter Plant Dedusting Stack ESP SMS Complex 10 IF-FUME EXTRACTION STACK-I Bag House EAF+LF FUME EXTRACTION 11 Bag House STACK-II Captive Power Plant 12 AFBC (40 MW) ESP 13 AFBC (60 MW) ESP 14 CFBC (3x130 MW) ESP Raw Material Preparation Plant Bag Filter, Dry Fog 15 RMP Crusher System Lime & Dolo Plant 16 Lime Plants Bag House 17 Dolo Plants Bag House Coke Oven Complex Waste Gas utilized in 18 Coke Oven Plant (Recovery Type) WHRB for Power Generation 19 CRM & WRM Complex Scrubbers, ETP
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5.2 Water Pollution Management Waste Waters are generated from different facilities of the Plant. Underflow/Sludge from Raw Water Clarifier and filter backwash water are used in coal washery. Cooling tower blow down from condenser cooling system and Auxiliary Cooling system are reused for service water system. Acidic/Alkaline effluents are generated at the DM Plant and CRM Complex. These effluents are properly neutralized and treated in ETP after which it can be reused for plant washing, ash conditioning and sprinkling. Water from coal washery is treated in thickener. Overflow from thickener (clarified water) is reused in the plant. Suitable drains are provided around the stockyard. Water is collected into drains around the stockyard, which may contain washed off suspended solids. The water is treated in WWTP and further reused in the plant. All drains are taken to a common Waste Water Treatment Plant. After treatment this water is taken to ash handling system.
5.3 Waste Management One of the major concerns of steel industry is the disposal of wastes generated at various stages of processing. The global emphasis on stringent legislation for environmental protection has changed the scenario of waste dumping into waste management. Because of natural drive to be cost-effective, there is a growing trend of adopting such waste management measures as would convert wastes into wealth, thereby treating wastes as by-products. Awaste is any solid, liquid, or contained gaseous material that is being discarded by disposal, recycling, burning or incineration. It can be byproduct of a manufacturing process or an obsolete commercial product that can no longer be used for intended purpose and requires disposal. Solid (non-hazardous) wastes generally include any garbage, refuse. Examples of such waste include domestic trash and garbage; inert construction / demolition materials; refuse, such as metal scrap and empty containers (except those previously used to contain hazardous materials which should, in principle, be managed as a hazardous waste); and residual waste from industrial operations, such as boiler slag, clinker, and fly ash. Hazardous waste shares the properties of a hazardous material (e.g. ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity), or other physical, chemical, or biological characteristics that may pose a potential risk to human health or the environment if improperly managed. Sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility, and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semisolid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial operations needs to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis to establish whether it constitutes a hazardous or a non-hazardous waste.
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Essential Steps of Waste Management · Establishing waste management priorities at the outset of activities based on an understanding of potential Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) risks and impacts and considering waste generation and its consequences. · Establishing a waste management hierarchy that considers prevention, reduction, reuse, recovery, recycling, removal and finally disposal of wastes. · Avoiding or minimizing the generation waste materials, as far as practicable. · Where waste generation cannot be avoided but has been minimized, recovering and reusing waste. · Where waste cannot be recovered or reused, treating, destroying, and disposing of it in an environmentally sound manner.
5.3.1 Waste Management Planning Facilities that generate waste should characterize their waste according to composition, source, types of wastes produced, generation rates, or according to local regulatory requirements. Effective planning and implementation of waste management strategies should include: · Review of new waste sources during planning, siting, and design activities, including during equipment modifications and process salterations, to identify expected waste generation, pollution prevention opportunities, and necessary treatment, storage, and disposal infrastructure · A Collection of data and information about the process and waste streams in existing facilities, including characterization of waste streams by type, quantities, and potential use/disposition · Establishment of priorities based on a risk analysis that takes into account the potential risks during the waste cycle and the availability of infrastructure to manage the waste in an environmentally sound manner · Definition of opportunities for source reduction, as well as reuse and recycling · Definition of procedures and operational controls for on-site storage · Definition of options I procedures I operational controls for treatment and final disposal
5.3.2 Waste Prevention Processes should be designed and operated to prevent, or minimize, the quantities of wastes generated and hazards associated with the wastes generated in accordance with the following strategy: · Substituting raw materials or inputs with less hazardous or toxic materials, or with those where processing generates lower waste volumes · Applying manufacturing process that convert materials efficiently, providing higher product output yields, including modification of design of the production process, operating conditions, and process controls. · Instituting good housekeeping and operating practices, including inventory control to reduce the amount of waste resulting from materials that are out-of-date, off- specification, contaminated, damaged, or excess to plant needs · Instituting procurement measures that recognize opportunities to return usable materials such as
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containers and which prevents the over ordering of materials · Minimizing hazardous waste generation by implementing stringent waste segregation to prevent the commingling of non-hazardous and hazardous waste to be managed
5.3.4 Recycling and Reuse In addition to the implementation of waste prevention strategies, the total amount of waste may be significantly reduced through the implementation of recycling plans, which should consider the following elements: · Evaluation of waste production processes and identification of potentially recyclable materials · Identification and recycling of products that can be reintroduced into the manufacturing process or industry activity at the site · Investigation of external markets for recycling by other industrial processing operations located in the neighborhood or region of the facility (e.g., waste exchange) · Establishing recycling objectives and formal tracking of waste generation and recycling rates · Providing training and incentives to employees in order to meet objectives
5.3.5 Treatment and Disposal If waste materials are still generated after the implementation of feasible waste prevention, reduction, reuse, recovery and recycling measures, waste materials should be treated and disposed of and all measures should be taken to avoid potential impacts to human health and the environment. Selected management approaches may include one or more of the following: · On-site or off-site biological, chemical, or physical treatment of the waste material to render it non- hazardous prior to final disposal · Treatment or disposal at permitted facilities specially designed to receive the waste. Examples include: composting operations for organic non-hazardous wastes; properly designed, permitted and operated landfills or incinerators designed for the respective type of waste; or other methods known to be effective in the safe, final disposal of waste materials such as bioremediation.
5.3.6 Hazardous Waste Management Hazardous wastes should always be segregated from non- hazardous wastes. If generation of hazardous waste can not be prevented through the implementation of the above general waste management practices, its management should focus on the prevention of harm to health, safety, and the environment, according to the following additional principles: · Understanding potential impacts and risks associated with the management of any generated hazardous waste during its complete life cycle · Ensuring that contractors handling, treating, and disposing of hazardous waste are reputable and legitimate enterprises, licensed by the relevant regulatory agencies and following good international industry practice for the waste being handled · Ensuring compliance with applicable local and international regulations
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5.3.7 Waste Storage Hazardous waste should be stored so as to prevent or control accidental releases to air, soil, and water resources in area location where: · Waste is stored in a manner that prevents the commingling or contact between incompatible wastes, and allows for inspection between containers to monitor teaks or spills. Examples include sufficient space between incompatibles or physical separation such as walls or containment curbs · Store in closed containers away from direct sunlight, wind and rain · Secondary containment systems should be constructed with materials appropriate for the wastes being contained and adequate to prevent loss to the environment · Secondary containment is included wherever liquid wastes are stored in volumes greater than 220 liters. The available volume of secondary containment should be at least 110 percent of the largest storage container, or 25 percent of the total storage capacity (whichever is greater), in that specific location · Provide adequate ventilation where volatile wastes are stored.
Hazardous waste storage activities should also be subject to special management actions, conducted by employees who have received specific training in handling and storage of hazardous wastes: · Provision of readily available information on chemical compatibility to employees, including labelling each container to identify its contents · Limiting access to hazardous waste storage areas to employees who have received proper training · Clearly identifying (label) and demarcating the area, including documentation of its location on a facility map or site plan · Conducting periodic inspections of waste storage areas and documenting the findings · Preparing and implementing spill response and emergency plans to address their accidental release · Avoiding underground storage tanks and underground piping of hazardous waste.
5.3.8 Transportation On-site and Off-site transportation of waste should be conducted so as to prevent or minimize spills, releases, and exposures to employees and the public. All waste containers designated for off-site shipment should be secured and labeled with the contents and associated hazards, be properly loaded on the transport vehicles before leaving the site.
5.3.9 Treatment and Disposal In addition to the recommendations for treatment and disposal applicable to general wastes, the following issues specific to hazardous wastes should be considered: · Have technical capability to manage the waste in a manner that reduces immediate and future impact to the environment · Have all required permits, certifications, and approvals, of applicable government authorities · Have been secured through the use of formal procurement agreements
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5.3.10 Monitoring Monitoring activities associated with the management of hazardous and non-hazardous waste should include:
· Regular visual inspection of all waste storage collection and storage areas for evidence of accidental releases and to verify that wastes are properly labeled and stored. When significant quantities of hazardous wastes are generated and stored on site, monitoring activities should include: · Inspection of vessels for leaks, drips or other indications of loss · Identification of cracks, corrosion, or damage to tanks, protective equipment, or floors · Verification of locks, emergency valves, and other safety devices for easy operation (lubricating if required and employing the practice of keeping locks and safety equipment in standby position when the area is not occupied) · Checking the operability of emergency systems · Documenting results of testing for integrity, emissions, or monitoring stations (air, soil vapor, or groundwater) · Documenting any changes to the storage facility, and any significant changes in the quantity of materials in storage · Regular audits of waste segregation and collection practices · Tracking of waste generation trends by type and amount of waste generated, preferably by facility departments ·· Characterizing waste at the beginning of generation of a new waste stream, and periodically documenting the characteristics and proper management of the waste, especially hazardous wastes ·· Keeping manifests or other records that document the amount of waste generated and its destination ·· Periodic auditing of third party treatment, and disposal services including re-use and recycling facilities when significant quantities of hazardous wastes are managed by third parties. Whenever possible, audits should - include site visits to the treatment storage and disposal location
The company Bhushan Power and Steel Ltd. (BPSL) is practicing waste management keeping in view the above principles of waste management and the guidelines enumerated in the waste management Act by the Government of India and the Guidelines/ Approval of the monitoring regulatory authority of Orissa State Pollution Control Board. Due to the comprehensive guidelines/Acts in place in India and by practicing effective waste management technique, BPSL is able to recycle/ reuse major portion of solid waste. The balance solid waste is handed over/ taken over byApproved Specialised agency (Approved by Orrisa State Pollution Control Board).
Fly ash from AFBC and CFBC boiler of captive power plant is supplied to cement manufacturer and brick manufacturer in the nearby area. Only the bottom ash is disposed off in the waste dumping yard as explained in Section 3. The sludge generating from different effluent treatment plant is handed over to authorised vendors for disposal at common disposal facility developed for the State of Orissa in association with State Pollution Control Board.
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5.4 Noise Control In steel plant, crusher area, furnace area, the power generating sets, fans and pumps are the major sources of noise. Noise generation levels are considered while selecting equipment. Equipment should not generate noise more than 85 dB (A) at 1m distance. Wherever required noisy equipment have been placed on vibration isolators or surrounded by baffles covered with noise absorbing material. Personnel working in high noise zones are issued with personal noise protection equipment (e.g. ear muffs, ear plugs) and their duty hours is regulated to control noise exposure levels.
5.5 Waste Water Discharge from Plant The plant is designed with zero discharge concept hence there is no discharge of any process waste water or effluent from the plant. Effluent treatment plants are provided for treatment of process waste water and the treated water is recycled in the system. The surface runoff and storm water is also treated separately in waste water treatment plants and further used within the plant. However during monsoon storm water may find way in the nearby drains.
5.6 Green Belt Development Trees are important sinks for air pollutants. Trees absorb noise and by enhancing the green cover, improve the ecology and aesthetics and affect the local micrometeorology. Trees also have major long-term impacts on soil quality and the ground water table. By using suitable plant species, green belts can be developed in strategic zones to provide protection from emitted pollutants and noise. Plant species suitable for green belts should not only be able to flourish in the area but must also have rapid growth rate, evergreen habit, large crown volume and small / pendulous leaves with smooth surfaces. All these traits are difficult to get in a single species. Therefore a combination of these is sought while selecting trees for green belt. The green belt have been planted close to the source or to the area to be protected to optimise the attention within physical limitations. A total of 450 acres area will be developed as green belt or green areas in plant area,Ash pond and nearby areas.
In the steel plant, green belt is developed in vacant areas, around office buildings, around switchyard and stores, along the side of roads, along the plant's boundaries, in the colony and in the ash pond area. Trees of native species, which are planted as mentioned below: Amaltas (Cassia fistula) Siris (Albizzia lebbeck) Neem (Azadirachta indica) DrupingAshok (Polyalthia longifoila) Gulmohar (Delonix regia) Mango (Mangifera indica) Peepal (Ficus religiosa) Arjun (Terminalia arjuna) Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophylla)
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Palash (Butea spp) Bougainvillea spp. Ber (Zizyphus spp.) Kitchen waste from plant canteen can be used as manure either after composting or by directly burying the manure at the base of the plants. The principal activities and aspects are summarized in Table 5.1 (construction phase) and Table 5.2 (operations phase).
Table 5.2: Summary of Activity and Aspects addressed in EMP Construction Phase
ASPECT MITIGATION MEASURES Bio-Physical Environment The landscaping of project site to restore vegetative cover to unpaved areas Use native flowering plants to provide suitable habitat and host plants for some species Loss of vegetation A landscape maintenance programme should be established and implemented Vegetation selected based on: suitability, habitat, flowering plants & shrubs Landscaping component should include species of trees that attract avian species. Loss of fauna Species chosen to re-vegetate the site should serve both a landscape function and a habitat function without compromising either. Socio-economic Environment Access road and exposed ground should be regularly wetted
Dust Workers on the site should be issued with dust masks. Stockpile of fine materials should be covered with tarpaulin during windy conditions.
Construct noise barriers, such as temporary walls between noisy activities and noise sensitive receivers. Construct walled enclosures around especially noisy Noise activities Combine noisy operations to occur in the same time period. Ensure noisy equipment have adequate muffler device installed. Skips should be placed at strategic locations around the construction site The skips should be properly designed and covered to prevent access by vermin and minimize odour and dust Construction waste nuisance.
Waste should be sorted for reuse and recycling and should be disposed on regular basis.
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Table 5.3 : Summary of Activity and Aspects addressed in EMP Operational Phase ASPECT MITIGATION MEASURES Design storm water drains to permit run off from the buildings roads and all paved areas Modification of around the site system should be adequately designed, stabilized and maintained surface drainage particularly where accumulated run off flows
Wider participation from the local hospitality sector should be encouraged Employment On-the-job training should be done to enhance the capacity of locals to fill the managerial positions Educate, train and motivate staff to practice water conservation. Water Management Institute a comprehensive leak detection and correction programme Reduce water consumption Stakeholder Implement a public awareness programme Relations Implement air pollution control equipment suitably designed at 50 mg/nm3 in the process Emission to Air where ever require. Suppress fugitive emission by suitable means
Disposal of solid As far as possible utilize solid waste within plan by recycling them. waste If recycling is not possible, dispose as per regulatory requirement
5.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan To ensure the effective implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, the broad objectives of monitoring plan are: • Toevaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the ESIA. • Toevaluate the adequacy of Environmental ImpactAssessment • Tosuggest improvements in management plan, if required • Toenhance environmental quality. • Toimplement and manage the mitigative measures defined in EMP. • To undertake compliance monitoring of BPSL expansion project operation and evaluation of mitigative measure.
5.7.1 EnvironmentalAspects to be monitored Several measures have been proposed in the environmental mitigation measures for mitigation of adverse environmental impacts. These shall be implemented as per proposal and monitored regularly to ensure compliance to environmental regulation and also to maintain healthy environmental conditions around the steel plant. A major part of the sampling and measurement activities shall be concerned with long term monitoring aimed at providing an early warning of any undesirable changes or trends in the natural environment that could be associated with the plant activity. This is essential to determine whether the changes are in response to a cycle of climatic conditions or are due to impact of the plant activities. In particular, a monitoring strategy shall be ensured that all environmental resources, which may be subject to contamination, are kept under review and hence monitoring of the individual elements of the environment shall be done. During the operation phase Environmental Control Department (ECD) shall undertake all the monitoring work to ensure the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures. The suggestions
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given in the Environmental Monitoring Programme (EMP) shall be implemented by the ECD by following an implementation schedule. In case of any alarming variation in, ground level concentration in ambient air, stack emission, work zone air and noise monitoring results, performance of effluent treatment facilities etc shall be discussed in the ECD and any deviation from norms shall be reported to the higher management for immediate rectification action at higher management level. In addition to the monitoring programme the following shall also be done to further ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures: • Environmental audits shall be carried out for expansion project of BPSL to check for compliance with standards / applicable norms by in-house experts. • Third party environmental audits shall be carried out once every year. • In addition to the above, all necessary steps will be taken to implement the measures suggested by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in the Charter on Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection (CREP) for Integrated Iron and Steel Industry applicable in host country. The environmental aspects to be monitored to ensure proper implementation and effectiveness of various mitigative measures envisaged / adopted during the design and commissioning stage of the proposed expansion plan are described here under.
5.8 Maintenance of Drainage System The effectiveness of the drainage system depends on proper cleaning of all drainage channels. Regular checking is being done to see that none of the drains are clogged due to accumulation of sludge/sediments. The catch-pits linked to the storm water drainage system from the raw material handling areas are regularly checked and cleaned to ensure their effectiveness. This checking and cleaning is rigorous during the monsoon season, especially if heavy rains are forecast. The same system shall follow for the expansion plan also.
5.9 Meteorology It is necessary to monitor the meteorological parameters regularly for assessment and interpretation of air quality data. The continuous monitoring will also help in emergency planning and disaster management. The following data will be recorded and archived: • Wind speed and direction • Rainfall • Temperature and humidity
5.10 Stack Emissions Monitoring Periodical monitoring of stack for SPM, SO2, NOx in case of process stacks shall be done to assess the performance of pollution control facilities installed at the unit. In case emissions are found to exceed the norms, the 'on duty' personnel shall check the relevant process parameters and take appropriate corrective action. Presently the emissions from all the stacks are being monitored once a month using the manually operated stack emissions monitoring equipment. However the frequency of monitoring may be increased if required in accordance with the stipulations of OSPCB or other statutory authorities After the implementation of expansion plan the stacks given in Table 5.3 shall be monitored.
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Table 5.4 : Stacks to be monitored after the Implementation of the Expansion Plan
Shop / Unit Nos. of Stacks Monitoring Frequency Per (Working) Month 1. Sinter Plants Process One 1 2. Coke Ovens four 4 3. Blast Furnaces Process Three 3 4. Steel Melting Shop Two 2 5. Hot Strip Mill (Tunnel Furna ce) Two 2 6. DRI complex eight 8 7. Lime Calcination Plant Process Four 2 * Parameters = PM, SO2, NOX
Further, for the units / facilities commissioned during the BPSL expansion plan the following shall be followed: A detailed maintenance schedule shall be drawn for all pollution control systems. The maintenance shall be done strictly as per schedule and guidelines furnished by plant manufacturer.
5.11 Solid / Hazardous Waste Generation & Utilisation As elaborated in Section 3, waste generation and utilization management plan is practiced for the operating plant. For the additional units under 3.0 MTPAthe management will continue. Maximum re-cycling and utilization of generated waste within the plant as per guidelines shall be done. Hazardous waste shall be either sold or dumped in hazardous waste pit as per applicable statutory conditions.
Green Belt Development At present Horticulture department of BPSL is looking after all plantation program within theplant & town ship area. BPSL shall continue to improve the green cover in the area by planting trees in the open area. The data on area of green cover, survival rate etc be compiled for periodic review. BPSL has already planted approximately 50,000 trees in almost all possible locations and continuously encourages others to plant trees in their garden, locality etc. However following plan shall also be made for future program: Annual plans for tree plantation with specific number of trees to be planted shall be made. The fulfillment of the plan shall be monitored by the ECD every six months. A plan for post plantation care will be reviewed in every monthly meeting. Any abnormal death rate of planted trees shall be investigated. Watering of the plants, manuring, weeding, hoeing will be carried out for minimum 3 years
5.12 House Keeping The BPSL is keeping a very close monitoring of house keeping activities and organising regular meetings of joint forum at the shop level (monthly), zonal level (once in two months) and apex level (quarterly). The individual shop concern is taking care for the house keeping of shops. The same system shall follow for the expansion plan also.
5.13 Occupational Health and Safety Presently at BPSL routine medical examination of personnel is being carried out in a systematic
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programme at medical unit. The same procedure will be followed for personnel working for expansion project.A systematic programme for medical check-up at regular intervals shall be followed for all workers to ascertain any changes in health condition due to the working conditions.
5.14 Socio-Economic Development The setting up of the steel plant has improved the socio economic conditions in the surrounding area. The expansion plan will further improve the infrastructure; economic conditions thus further improve the socio economic development. The communities, which are benefited by the steel plant, are thus one of the key stakeholders for the steel plant. It is suggested that BPSL should have structured interactions with the community to disseminate the measures taken by the steel plant and also to elicit suggestions for overall improvement for the development of the area. Work ZoneAir Quality In the existing plant facilities work zone air quality is being monitored regularly to assess the levels of suspended Particulate Matter, NOx and SO2 in the work zone.
5.15 Work Zone Noise Level Noise levels shall be measured at the source of generation. The noise attenuation measures have been taken at the design stage of the plant itself. However in case of high noise generating equipment which are not frequented by the plant personnel, the area shall be cleanly marked as 'High Noise" area and the employees be provided with personal protective equipment like ear plugs/ear muffs. At present Noise levels are being monitored inside the plant regularly. The ECD are keeping a record of noise levels and take necessary organizational actions like rotation of workmen, availability and use of personal protective devices, damage to enclosures or insulation layers over enclosures and piping. After the implementation of expansion plan the noise level shall be monitored and all preventive measures shall be followed. Work zone noise shall be monitored at all units of BPSL.
5.16 AmbientAir Quality Presently ambient air quality is being monitored regularly in accordance with CPCB / Orissa State Pollution Control Board (OSPCB) guidelines. Further efforts shall be made to install on line Ambient Air Quality monitoring station in accordance with the CREP. After the implementation of the expansion plan the ambient air shall be regularly monitored as given in Table 5.5. Table 5.5 : Ambient Air to be monitored Description Number of AAQ Monitoring Frequency Stations 1. Ambient Air Quality 5 Once (for 24 hours continuous) per month 2. Online Continuous 3 Continuous AAQ Monitoring * Parameters = PM, SO2, NOX &CO
5.17 Waste Water Discharge from Plant In normal circumstances there will not be any waste water discharge from plant.
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5.18 Ambient Noise Level Ambient noise shall be monitored at six locations all along the boundary once in a month. Ground Water Monitoring Ground water shall be sampled from up gradient and down gradient to ascertain the trend of variation in the water quality, if any. In case any adverse trend is noticed, immediate remedial measures shall be taken.Atotal of 5 samples from up gradient and down gradient of BPSL Slag Bank shall be monitored once in a six months period.
5.19 Monitoring Plan The long-term objective of environment department would be to build environmental awareness and support, both within and outside the BPSL management. The other long-term tasks would be to develop environmental training programme for the target groups of different units of BPSL.
The environmental monitoring plan contains: Performance indicators Environmental monitoring programme Progress Monitoring and ReportingArrangements Budgetary provisions Procurement Schedules
5.20 Performance Indicators The physical, biological and social components identified to be particularly significant in affecting the environment at critical locations have been suggested as Performance Indicators (PIs). The performance indicators will be evaluated under two heads:
Environmental condition indicators to determine efficiency of environmental management measures in control of air, noise and water pollution and solid waste disposal. Environmental management indicators to determine compliance with the suggested environmental management measures.
The Performance Indicators and monitoring plans will be prepared for the project for effective monitoring.
5.21 Progress Monitoring and ReportingArrangements The rational for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of the Environmental Monitoring Plan get implemented in the project. The monitoring and evaluation of the management measures are critical activities in implementation of the project. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for the project management to keep the programme on schedule. The rational for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of
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Environmental Management Plan get implemented in the project. Areporting system for environmental monitoring plan is given in Table 5.6.
Table 5.6: Reporting System for Environmental Monitoring Plan S. Details Indicators Stage Responsibility N A. Pre-Construction Stage: Environmental Management Indicators and Monitoring Plan 1 Suitable location for dumping Dumping locations Pre- Projects of wastes has to be identified. construction 2 Suitable location for Construction camps Pre- Projects construction worker camps construction have to be identified (if applicable) and parameters indicative of environment in the area has to be reported B. Construction Stage: Environmental Condition Indicators and Monitoring Plan 1. Dust suppression at Construction site Constructio Projects construction site n 2 The parameters to be Air quality Constructio Projects monitored as per frequency, n through duration & locations of approved monitoring specified in the monitoring Environmental Monitoring agency Programme C. Operation Stage: Management & Operational Performance Indicators 1 Solid waste generation, As per guidelines of Operation Concerned utilization and dumping statutory bodies Plant Units / ECD, BPSL 2 Hazardous waste re - As per the notifications Operation -Do- utilisation and dumping in / guidelines specified designated pits as specified by statutory authorities. by statutory authorities. 3 Stack Emissions from All parameters as Operation Concerned Process & de-dusting stacks specified for stacks of Plant Units / different units of an ECD, BPSL Integrated Steel Plant by Statutory Authorities 4 Meteorology, Ambient air All parameters as Operation -Do- quality, Waste water specified by Statutory discharge through plant Authorities outfalls and Noise levels.
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5.22 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT DIVISION
5.22.1 Socio-Economic Development The setting up of the steel plant has improved the socio economic conditions in the surrounding area. The expansion plan will further improve the infrastructure; economic conditions thus further improve the socio economic development. The communities, which are benefited by the steel plant, are thus one of the key stakeholders for the steel plant. The project displaced families have been properly and suitably compensated (First & Second phase of construction). The details of mitigation measures appended belowFurther the following Periphery Development works has been done by M/s Bhushan Power & Steel Ltd for the surrounding villages and details as mentioned below:
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
Road infrastructure (Black top road) from the State Highway-10 to the Sripura Railway 1 crossing (RCC concrete 1 k.m). Black top road in the vicinity across SH-10 to the Railway crossing via Dhubenchapar, 2 Paulipada & Khadiapali villages from Railway crossing to Derba village Black top road width 4 mtr., length 2.5 k.m. Construction of cement concrete approach road near Ganesh Nagar upto Laripali 4.0 3 k.m. 4 Development of morrum road from Talabora to Dantamura village. 5 Development and formation work for 20 wide morrum road from Derba to Dorapani. Construction of new cement concrete road & culverts (RCC) between Thelkoloi village 6 upto the High School building. Maintenance work is taken up for the RD road leading from the SH-10 to Babu Chakuli 7 village. 8 Construction of concrete road from R&R Colony To SH-10 (1 KM)
VILLAGE PONDS/& WATER SUPPLY
1 Construction of large pond at Landupalli village for the people residing. 2 Construction of pond at Khadiapali village for the welfare of the people. Village pond renovation work at Paulipada, Bhuliadih, Khadiapalli, Bansimal, 3 Dhubenchapar,Lapanga and Thelkoli including concrete steps. Drinking water is being provided in following villages through water tankers. 4 Lapanga, Dhubenchappar, Khadiapali, Thelkuli, Paulipada. Bhushan Power & Steel Ltd., has started a scheme of providing drinking water to 5 villages at Thelkoloi, Lapanga, Dhubenchappar, Khinda. 6 Renovation of pond at village of Talabira. 7 4 Tubewell for supply of water in Banjiberna (Khadiapali) village.
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RELIGIOUS CONSTRUCTION/COMMUNITY FACILITY
BPSL has constructed a new house consisting of two Bed room, Bath room and 1 Latrine with R.C.C. roof for the family members of great Freedom Fighter late Sri Veer Surendra Sai at village Khinda. We have constructed a Temple for Lord Jagannath near the monument of Great 2 Freedom Fighter late Sri Veer Surendra Sai at Village Khinda which is under construction. 3 Renovation work for Samaleswari temple for Lord Jagannath at Laripalli village. 4 Construction of temple in the R & R Colony. 5 Renovation of Lord Sriram Temple, situated at Talavira Village. 6 Construction of NewTemple for Maa Tarini at village Thelkoloi. 7 Constuction of Club House for the villagers of Banjiberna, Khadiapali.
SCHOOL FACILITIES/CLUB HOUSES Financial support of Rs. 3.0 lakhs/year being provided to the Thelkoloi school 1 management committee. 3 Ac. of land acquired for the construction of Thelkoloi High School building with 8 RCC 2 rooms having basic immunities including toilets, electricity and along with boundary wall with complete infrastructure. 3 The company has also provided window grills to the Kisanpada Primary School, Thelkoloi. 3 Construction of boundary wall for the school building at Dantamura village. 4 Construction of primary school building at Buliadih village. Development of play ground at Khinda village High school. Electrification of Khinda High 5 School along with fluorescent tube light, fans & Halogen light. 6 Club house provided for the villagers at Landupalli village. 7 Renovation work for Khadiapali youth club. Provision of corpus fund of Rs. 5 lakhs each contributed to the high school at Thelkoloi & 8 primary school at Dhubenchapper.
PLANTATIONS/FOREST DEVELOPMENT/WELFARE
Jungle Surakhya committee of Lapanga village were given Rs. 1.25 1 lakhs for forest development in the vicinity.
Plantation is being carried out both inside & outside in plant area and periphery villages. 20,000 seedlings have been planted each year 2 since July09 and it is targeted to plant 60,000 seedlings during current season.
TRAINING
I.T.I training provided to 14 persons of PDF and 5 person selected 1 from other village.
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HEALTH CHECK-UP The company has organized Regular health camp for the people periphery villages.
Date of No. of person Description Place No. of specialists Medical Camp examined 1. Dr. Arati Nanda (CDMO) Community 2. Dr. Subhash Mandal (Chest Specialist) 1st Medical Centre R.H 3. Dr. Deepak Panigrahi (Medical Officer) 13.04.2006 326 camp colony, 4. Medicine Specialist. Thelkoloi 5. Eye Specialist. 6. Gyanacologist 1. Dr. Arati Nanda (CDMO) Community 2. Dr. Subhash Mandal (Chest Specialist) 2nd Medical Centre R.H 3. Dr. Deepak Panigrahi (Medical Officer) 14.07.2006 385 camp colony, 4. Medicine Specialist. Thelkoloi 5. Eye Specialist. 6. Gyanacologist 1. DR. Byomkesh Bohidar (Child Specialist) 2. Giridhari Pradhan (Gyanacology) Nodal 3. Dr. Panchanan Naik (Orthopedic) 3rd Medical U.G.M.E 09.04.2007 402 camp school, 4. Dr. Aleka Mohapatra (Medicine Specialist) Thelkoloi 5. Dr. Subhash Mandal (Chest Specialist) 6. dr. Deepak Panigrahi (Medical Officer) 1. Dr. Vivek Acharya 2. Dr. Tanuja Panigrahi 3. Dr. Chintamani (Gynic) 4. Dr. Pranav Kumar (Gynic) 5. Dr. Subrat Tripathy (Gynic)
Thelkoloi 6. Dr. Sangram Sawat (Orthopadic) ground 7. Dr. Sachikant Pradhan (Eye) 4th Medical 19.02.2009 infront of 8. Dr. Prasant Pandey (Eye) 1112 camp rehabilitation 9. Dr. Samir Mohapatra (Eye) colony 10. Dr. C. swain (Padiatric) 11. Dr. B. Rout (Padiatric) 12. Dr. Mukesh (Medicine) 13. Dr. Devi Prasad (Medicine) 14. Dr. Sabyasachi Choudhury (TV/Ches) 15. Dr. Manas Tripathy (Surgeon)
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Date of No. of person Description Place No. of specialists Medical Camp examined
1. Prof. dr. G.C.Behera (Medicine) 2. Asst. Prof. dr. Sudarsan Pohal (Medicine) 3. Dr. Bibihudutta Patra (Sr. Surgeon) 4. Dr. Pruthviraj Sethi (O&G) 5. Dr. P.K.Panda (Eye) Thelkoloi 6. Dr. Vivekanand Acharya (Ent. Spec) ground 5th Medical 7. Dr. V. Acharya (Ent. Spec.) 31.08.2009 infront of 1198 camp 8. Dr. Ziaul Haque (MD Gen Med.) rehabilitation colony 9. Dr. Vikash Chandra 10. Dr. Manas Ranjan 11. Dr. Manas Ranjan Patel 13. Dr. B.B.Mangraj 12. Dr. S.K.Nayak 13. Dr. Nivedita Nanda 1. Prof. dr. G.C.Behera (Medicine) 2. Asst. Prof. dr. Sudarsan Pohal (Medicine) 3. Dr. Bibihudutta Patra (Sr. Surgeon) 4. Dr. Pruthviraj Sethi (O&G) 5. Dr. P.K.Panda (Eye) 6. Dr. Vivekanand Acharya (Ent. Spec) Thelkoloi 6th Medical 7. Dr. V. Acharya (Ent. Spec.) 17.02.2010 High School 575 camp Building 8. Dr. Ziaul Haque (MD Gen Med.) 9. Dr. Vikash Chandra 10. Dr. Manas Ranjan 11. Dr. Manas Ranjan Patel 13. Dr. B.B.Mangraj 12. Dr. S.K.Nayak 13. Dr. Nivedita Nanda 1. Prof. dr. G.C.Behera (Medicine) 2. Asst. Prof. dr. Sudarsan Pohal (Medicine) 3. Dr. Bibihudutta Patra (Sr. Surgeon) 4. Dr. Pruthviraj Sethi (O&G) 5. Dr. P.K.Panda (Eye) Thelkoloi 6. Dr. Vivekanand Acharya (Ent. Spec) ground 7th Medical 7. Dr. V. Acharya (Ent. Spec.) 14.01.2011 infront of 1620 camp 8. Dr. Ziaul Haque (MD Gen Med.) rehabilitation colony 9. Dr. Vikash Chandra 10. Dr. Manas Ranjan 11. Dr. Manas Ranjan Patel 13. Dr. B.B.Mangraj 12. Dr. S.K.Nayak 13. Dr. Nivedita Nanda
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The 8th Medical Camp in the year 2012 is in progress. In all the above health camps medicines were distributed free of cost.
5.23 Emergency Response Plan In order to prevent occurrence of any disaster, the plant will be provided with various safety and disaster control facilities. The accidents inside the plant affecting workplace in vicinity cannot be ruled out. Work- force inside the plant shall be exposed to various high pressure system pipelines and vessels, acids and chemicals, fuel such as coal and furnace oil and other process equipment which, if not properly operated and maintained, can cause serious accidents affecting life and property in the vicinity of accident site. In addition to these, numerous material handling systems, heavy road transport, high-tension electric lines, level crossings, overhead cranes and various other handling and transport systems always have a chances of accidents.
5.23.1 Definition of Disaster Asituation will be called a `Disaster' if it entails any one or more of the following factors: Risks of loss of human lives -ten or more in one single situation. Loss of property as a consequence of the incident is over Rs.1 crore and/or bears a potential to the above. Asituation which goes beyond the control of the available resource of the plant. A situation apparently may not have much loss but its long-term severity can affect loss of life, production and property. The types of possible disaster are given below: Type of disasters i) Disaster due to emergencies on account of: • Fire • Explosion • Oil spillage • Spillage of toxic chemicals 5.23.2 Electrocution ii) Disaster due to natural calamity on account of : Flood Earth quake / cyclone / Storm / Cloud burst / lightning iii) Disaster due to external factors on account of: • Food poisoning / water poisoning • Sabotage
5.23.3 Objectives This Emergency Response Plan (ERP) describes the general types of emergency and actions to be followed, should an emergency occur during the construction and operational phase of the project. The ERP includes: • Toidentify type of major disasters, which may occur in the plant· • Tocollect data on type of disasters, which has happened already in other steel plants • An action plan to handle disaster.
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5.23.4 Identification Of Hazardous Process/Area 1. Furnaces area -Explosion 2. Fuel Oil tanks - • Fire & Spillage • Turbine Hall Explosion • Boiler Explosion
5.23.5Electrical premises 1. Electrical Rooms -Fire & Electrocution 2. Transformer area -Fire & Electrocution 3. Cable Tunnel -Fire & Electrocution
5.23.6 Level of Accident If there is any disaster in any part of the plant /work place due to any reason the area which may be affected can be classified in the following four classes. 1. Level I -Operator level 2. Level II -Local/community level 3. Level III -Regional/ national level 4. Level IV -International level Only level I and II class of accidents can be considered for the steel plant.
LEVEL I Under this level, disasters may happen due to fire, explosion, oil spillage and spontaneous ignition of inflammable materials. This level has probability of occurrence affecting persons inside the plant. The various shops, which have been mentioned as potential hazard areas, will be affected during this level of accident. LEVEL II In case of sabotage/complete failure of all automatic control/warning systems for example in fuel oil storage area the oil kept in tanks and covered by tank bund may leak out. However, the probability of this is very low due to adequate security and training of persons of the plant operating such system.
5.24 DISASTER PREVENTIVE MEASURES If any disaster takes place it is not easy to control if contingency plans are not available. For effective control of disaster adequate manpower, technical know-how, alertness and internal help are necessary. It always betters to take preventive measures to avoid any disaster. In proposed plant following prevention measures will be taken to prevent disaster.
5.25 Plant layout: Design, manufacture and construction of all plant and machinery's and buildings will be as per national and international codes as applicable in specific cases and laid down by statutory authorities. Provision of adequate access ways for the movement of equipment and personnel are kept. Minimum two numbers of gates for escape during disaster shall be provided. Sitting of fuel oil storage shall be in protected fenced
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area inside tank bend. Water spraying in coal storage area is to be provided
5.25.1 Fire Fighting The existing plant is having a well-equipped fire-fighting group for the existing steel plant with 5 officers, 25 workers trained in this field. Following fire-fighting equipment are in place and 20% additional work force and infrastructure will be provided at 3.0 MTPA. - Fire Tender 4 Nos. - Jeep 4 Nos - Portable Extinguishers Lot - Foam generator Lot - Static tanks Lot
5.26 Safety The existing steel plant has a safety department manned by experienced engineers and staff whose main job is to bring about safety consciousness amongst the work force in the plant. The safety department conduct regular safety awareness courses by organizing seminars and training of the personnel among the various working levels. Safety awareness are also created by the various posters highlighting the safe working practices in different shops, hazards in working area, public places and roads etc. Safety engineers of the plant conduct regular checks and mock exercises on the safe working of their department and report is given to departmental head for corrective measures to improve the safety conditions. This department will be properly augmented at 3.0 MTPA.
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LIST OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS PROVIDED AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS
Name of site Type CO Foam type Kiln Area 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type IF & EAF Area 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type Caster Area 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type Turbo generator Area 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type Cable galleries 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type High voltage pannel 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type Various control rooms 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type Various MCC rooms 2 Dry Chemical type CO Foam type Various pump houses 2 Dry Chemical type
CO2 Foam type Fuel Tank Area Dry Chemical type Sand Baskets Guest Houses & offices Dry Chemical powder type Godowns Foam type CO Foam type Crusher House 2 Dry Chemical type
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5.27 Training A department of training is set up to train officers. They will arrange training on safety accident prevention, first aid, hazard control, house keeping and environmental management. Special emphasis with mock drills in disaster control will also be planned. Communication During the proposed modification-cum-expansion of steel plant there is an up-to-date communication facilities with telecommunication and wireless, walkie-talkies, telecommunication and loud speakers in each shop, office and gate to warm workers in case of an accident. Organization to combat contingency The contingency plan is prepared from the experiences of accidents that have occurred in various other Steel plants. The contingency plan being a dynamic plan will need periodical reviews and modifications with new experiences. Even with all precautionary measures taken to avoid disaster, disaster may occur. To tackle situations during and after disaster, a well-defined contingency plan is a must.A Disaster Control Room (DCR) has already been set up having links with all plant control rooms. An officer manning the DCR. On getting information about any accident, the officer verify from the affected plant control room and inform the Disaster Controller (DC) and/or other co-ordinators immediately. The responsible officers of Disaster Control Group assemble in the DCR and formulate control procedures as per the contingency plans. The functions of the various officers of the Disaster Control Group are as follows:
5. 28 Functions of Disaster controller • To declare "Disaster Emergency" after consulting the Sr. officer available and inform Fire Station Control Room to sound the sirens accordingly and arrange to convey the message in public address system • Toreport to DCR immediately. • Toreceive messages from the communication center. • To take decisions in consultation with the Commanding Officers of different services and convey them to the disaster point. • Tobe responsible for planning and provisions of assistance from township and from local authorities. • Tokeep higher authorities informed about the situation. • The decision of the Disaster Controller on any matter to meet the objective of disaster control plan will be final.
5.28.1 Functions of Officer In-charge: Disaster Controller will nominate an officer whose functions will be as follows: Tobe responsible for the operation of DCR and for the dispatch of messages. Todecide on the priority of dispatch of messages. Tokeep liaison with all activities and give up to date and accurate appreciation of the situation. Tobe responsible for the efficient organization of the Disaster Control Room.
5.28.2 Functions of Commanding Officers of various services: The Commanding Officers of various services are designated Coordinator (services), Coordinator
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(Operation) and Coordinator (external services).The following are their functions: Toreport to the Control Post immediately on hearing "Disaster Siren". To keep Disaster Controller posted with the up-to-date information regarding manpower and material available concerning their respective services. Toadvise Disaster Controller on all matters arising out of disaster. Toassist Disaster Controller for provision of material and man power concerning his service. To convey message to his service teams through communication centre after consulting Disaster Controller. To consult between themselves on matters related to more than one service and to decide on the action to be taken.
5.28.3 Casualty services The Commanding Officer of Casualty Services will be medical officer. PROCEDURE FOR TREATMENT On getting a signal from the Disaster Control Room or information on telephone or hearing siren, the Sub- Commanding Officer of the Casualty service will report to hospital and doctor on call duty and first aid personnel will report to Disaster Control Room. The Ambulance with the driver will report to Disaster Control Room. First aid parties will render first aid to casualties at the place of occurrence and those requiring further treatment would be transported to the nearest hospital by ambulance. In case of extra help from outside or within CMO would contact Co-ordinator (Planning) for help in areas such as: • Extra medical helps from neighboring hospital or main hospital • Evacuating the casualtie • Essential assistance in first aid
5.28. 4 FirstAid It is necessary to give first aid to the persons injured in disaster. There will be two first aid posts to meet the workload, one post will be near the Disaster Control Room and the other post will be in the township hospital.At each post 3 first aid parties shall be kept in rotating shifts of 8 hours. Rescue and repair services The responsibility of effective working of Rescue and Repair Services are with Co-ordinator (Services) and Sub-Commanding Officers as follows:
5.28.5 Rescue services • Toextricate persons from the debris of collapsed building and save human lives. • Tohand over the dead bodies and injured persons to first aid parties. • To take immediate steps as may be necessary for the temporary support or demolition of buildings and structures, the collapse of which is likely to endanger life or obstruct traffic. • Tocut of supplies of water, steam & gas, electricity to damaged buildings / structures. Each rescue party will be provided with the following equipment: • Gas mask respirator • Fire proximity suits
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• Resuscitators • Petromax lamp, Torches • Axes/hand saw • Fire entry suits • Fire blankets • Ropes • Ladders • Rubber glove (Tested up to 25,000 voltage) • Blankets • Rubber shoes or Industrial shoes.
Repair services • Totake up quick repairs of the damaged machinery. • Totake up repair of damaged building roads and culverts. • Tomaintain essential public utility services viz. water, electricity and sewage system.
5.29 Fire fighting services Fire officer will be the Commanding Officer of Fire Fighting Services. Additional strength for fire fighting which is beyond the control of fire station will come from security and maintenance personnel and if required form outside fire stations.
Functions • Toco-ordinate fire fighting activities • Toenforce all regulations for prevention of fire. • To request neighboring industries and District Authority for rendering services of their fire fighting crew under mutual aid schemes, if necessary.
Traffic control The free movement of the fire vehicles and ambulance at the scene of fire/emergency is very important and therefore, the security personnel on duty must ensure that all the roads at the scene of fire/emergency are kept clear and free from obstruction. Persons arriving by motor transport at the scene of fire/emergency must not park their vehicles within 100 meters of fire, near fire hydrants, at road junction and at access roads. The ignition key should be left in the vehicles.
Depot and Transport services Functions: • Dispath of vehicle to the place of incident as per orders from the DCR. • Toget back the vehicle as soon as the work is completed. • General administration of the depot including repair and maintenance of vehicle. • Storage maintenance and inspection of equipment.
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• Maintenance of discipline and moral. • Ensuring adherence to the depot duties. • Welfare of personnel in the depot. Vehicle repair The Sub-Commanding Officer and his staff will promptly attend to all major repairs of the essential vehicles under his supervision.
Fuel The Commanding Officer will contact Co-ordinator external services for arrangement of fuel for vehicles during fuel crisis and stop supplying fuel to vehicles other than those, which are in use for disaster control.
Supply services Asenior person will head supply service from stores department.
Salvage service The salvage services will be under the charge of Committee. This committee will be formed taking one person from stores and one from production.
5.30 Welfare services Management of proposed Steel plant will nominate one person from administration side and he will be the Commanding Officer of welfare services. Vacant buildings, schools complex and club will be used for housing those rendered homeless. Emergency camps will be set up only in exceptional cases on playing ground. For this purpose necessary material will be brought from nearby market.
Functions • Toprovide shelters to affected persons. • Toarrange enough stock of essential commodities through co-operative society. • Toarrange cooking of food in canteen supply to place where people are given shelters in township. • For plant people, food will be supplied within battery area by mobile vans. • Toarrange drinking water, if supply is disrupted, with the help of DistrictAuthorities.
Mobile canteen One mobile canteen in a motor van/truck will be made available in the plant area. The mobile van will be stationed in Depot.
Co-operative Society There will be one cooperative society in township, which will be dealing in essential commodities. The District authorities during any emergency will further supplement the resources of this society.
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5.31 Security services Chief Security officer will be Commanding Officer, Security Services.
Functions Security services will be primarily responsible for the security of the plant. Commandant in consultation with co-ordinator (external service) will keep a close liaison with local police and district authorities. • Tocontrol the vehicular traffic inside the plant. • Tohelp local police in patrolling the area of plant and outside the battery area, necessary. • Toassist Fire fighting services in fighting fires. • Toassist in transporting injured persons. • To assist local police in patrolling in township and work out adequate arrangement for protection of property.
Crash shut down of Units Section head will be the Commanding Officer for Crash Shut down of the units, which are affected and may further aggravate disaster.
Function: Toshut down the unit(s) affected and which may cause further disaster.
Public Relation Service The Officer-in-Charge of Public Relation Services will look after this job.
Alarm System On receiving the message of `Disaster' from Disaster Controller, fire station control room attendant will sound SIREN WAILINGTYPE FOR 5 MINUTES. DC will arrange to broadcast disaster message through
PublicAddress System. On receiving the message of "Emergency Over" from DC the fire station control room attendant will giveAll Clear Signal by Sounding Siren straight for two minutes. The features of the alarm system will be explained to one and all to avoid panic or misunderstanding during disaster. Actions to be taken on hearing the warning signal On receiving the message of "Disaster" the following actions will be taken. All the co-ordinators will report to the Disaster Control Room even if not contacted by the Cell : The Commanding Officers and Sub-Commanding Officers will report to the place of accident. The Process Unit persons will remain ready in their respective units for crash shut down on the instruction from the co-ordinator. The persons from other sections will report to their respective officer. The concerned section (Civil, Engineering Services, Mechanical, Project etc.) will take immediate action to remove contractors personnel outside the plant gate. The residents of the township will remain alert.
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Disaster due to natural calamity and external factors Most of the measures & processes shall be same as given under in-house disaster except that the disaster controller will contact the state / district authorities for necessary instructions to co-ordinate with them.
Chemicals/Oil spillage The possibility of large chemical/oil spillage in the final effluent discharged in reservoir is remote. However, DC will arrange to inform the following: • State Pollution Control Board • District authorities and request them to arrange patrolling of the area along with security personnel. • District authorities, to warn people in the affected area against fire/hazard that may occur and against the adverse effect of using water for any purpose. • Disaster Controller along with Commanding Officers takes overall charge of the situation. • DC will inform the people of likely affected areas through communication system to leave the area and move to other safe areas earmarked. • DC will inform co-ordinator, external services to inform the District authorities of the disaster and request them for help. • Toarrange medical aid for the affected people. • DC will arrange inspection of affected areas to get first hand knowledge of damages occurred.
Cloud burst/lightning Cloud burst/lightning may lead to a situation, which could be minor to major emergency. In such emergency, actions indicated under fire and explosion will be initiated.
Food poisoning In case of food poisoning in plant canteen the following actions will be taken: • DC will inform the medical officer of steel plant health center for immediate first aid. • DC will contact DistrictAuthorities and seek their help, if necessary.
Security Personnel and employees will help in evacuating the affected people to various hospitals.
Closure Plan Approach to Closure Planning This CDP addresses individual closure issues and action required.
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5.32 Conclusion BPSL is already operating the current 2.2 MTPA stream for the last couple of years and has already established environment management system due to which the plant is running efficiently without any environment related problems and also socio-economic issues. The present management team is quite competent to deal with the expanded plant of 3.0 MTPA. As mentioned earlier, due to adoption of latest technology of world standards and by world leaders, the environment impact on the total plant will not have any effect on environment. After detailed investigation, the ambient air quality is likely to marginally improve when new units of Blast Furnace, Coke Oven and Sinter Plant will be commissioned since requirement of DRI for steel production will reduce due to availability of additional hot metal and EAF can run with use of about 70-75% hot metal. This will in turn significantly reduce the energy consumption. The present environment management team may be marginally be strengthened at 3.0 MTPA. For solid waste management, BPSL has already arranged additional lands near to the present ash dump yard for dumping of solid waste. The action plan & management system related to environment and social issues is summarized in table no 5.7.
Environmental and Social 109 Impact Assessment Report Section - 5 : Action Plan & Management System
Table no.5.7 Summary Enviroment and Social Issues
Summary Environment and Social Issues Sl .No Issues Objective Status Highlights:- The present plant is operating with advanced pollution control technologies meeting the national and international norms. The additional units are provided with world standard technologies towards emmision/pollution. For the construction:- 1. Proper and prior planning, appropriate sequencing and scheduling of all major construction activities are being done, and timely availability of infrastructure supports needed for construction are ensured to shorten the construction period vis- -vis reduce pollution.For the construction af additional units under expantion, the same will continue. 2. Construction materials are stored in covered godown or enclosed spaces to prevent the windblown fugitive emissions. 3. Stringent construction material handling / overhauling procedures are being followed. Prevention of air 4. Truck carrying soil, sand, stone dust, and stone are properly covered to avoid spilling and fugitive emissions. pollution from the 5. It is being ensured that all construction equipment and vehicles are in good working conditions, properly tuned and maintained to gases and fumes keep emission within the permissible limits and engines turned off when not in use to reduce pollution Reducing air released from the 1 For the Operation:-. pollution existing process as 1.Stack monitoring is done to ensure proper functioning of different major pollution control equipment as per statutory requirement. well as controlling of 2. Air monitoring in the Work-zone to ensure proper functioning of fugitive emission control facilities is being done regularly. dust in the 3. Adequate plantation already exists around the existing plant and around different units. However, further efforts will be made to re- construction site. strengthen the existing plantation cover. 4.Vehicles and machineries are regularly maintained so that emissions confirm to the applicable standards. 5. Monitoring of ambient air quality through online AAQ monitoring system is being done atvarious locations inside and out side the BPSL plant premises. 6. Adequate dust suppression measures such as regular water sprinkling at vulnerable areas of construction sites is being undertaken to control fugitive dust during material handling and hauling activities in dry seasons.. 7. Vehicles and machineries is being maintained so that emissions confirm to standards of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), New Delhi. 8. State of art technology has been adopted for selection and installation of pollution control measures for different process and de- dusting stacks. 1. Quality of wastewater emanating from the construction site are controlled through the existing drainage system with sediment traps for arresting the silt / sediment load before its disposal. 2. All the washable construction material are stored under sheds or enclosed space by fencing it with brick or earth in order to prevent Preventing Water Water pollution spillage into the drainage network, so that the same does not find its way into the surface water runoff. 2 Pollution prevention 3. No water will be let out. All the water generated are utilized for afforestration, sprinkling and other activities within the plant (Surface) premises. 4. The above practice will continue for additional units under expansion
1. Protective gears (PPE) such as earplugs, earmuffs etc have been provided to construction personnel exposed to high noise levels as preventive measures and are strictly adhered to minimize / eliminate any adverse impact. 2. It is being ensured that all the construction equipment and vehicles used are in good working condition, properly lubricated and maintained to keep noise within the permissible limits and engines tuned off when not in use to reduce noise. 3. Actions have been taken for reducing vibration of high speed rotating machines by regular monitoring of vibration and taking Prevention of noise Preventing Noise necessary steps. 3 and protection of Pollution 4. Un-manned high noise zones have been marked as High Noise Zone". employees 5. Workers exposed to noisy work place are provided with rotational duties. 6. All the equipment in different new units be designed/operated in such a way that the noise level shall not exceed 85 dB (A) as per statute. 7. Periodical monitoring of work zone noise and outside plant premises are being done.
1. This waste is being sorted accordingly and disposed by a contracted waste disposal service.85% of total waste generating from the Non Hazardous Non hazardous Waste Management operational units is being resued to the extent possible and the surplus is disposed off at designated disposal area as per the 4 waste to be guidelines of state pollution control board. disposed regularly. 2. Preparation of the land fill site as per approved scheme of SPCB.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 110 Section - 5 : Action Plan & Management System
Summary Environment and Social Issues Sl .No Issues Objective Status
Hazardous wastes 1. Hazardous waste such as ETP sludge is being sent to common disposal facility developed by Orissa waste management project in are to be disposed association M/s. Ramky Enviro Engineers for proper stabilization and disposal. Used Oil and lubricants are sold to Authorized vendors Hazardous 5 off as per the for reprocessing. waste management requirement of the 2. The plant is designed on zero discharge concepts. No process effluent or waste water or effluent is discharged outside the plant statute boundary. Effluent treatment plant (ETP) of capacity 150 m3/hr is in operation for treatment of effluent generating from CRM complex
1. Company has already setup a dispensary within the plant fully equipped with basic first aid materials. Also two doctors, pharmacists and assistance staff has been engaged for round the clock service. Pre-joining medical examination and periodic health checkups of all the employees as well as contractual workers are done in the dispensary. For ensuring better occupational health and Maintenance of safe safety the following measures will be provided. and healthy working Health 2. To avoid accumulation of dust and fumes within the shop floor, proper control measures have been taken by installation of correct condition in the 6 & type of pollution control equipment. exiting plant as well Safety 3.Air conditioning plants are being properly maintained for supplying of cool air to control the instrumentation rooms as on the 4. Workers are subjected to regular medical examination according to requirement. construction site 5. The workers in thehigh noise areas are subjected to audiometric test and proper noise reduction equipment are supplied regularly. 6. More doctors in plant medical unit are being trained in the field of occupational health as policy matter. 7. Proper Housekeeping is being maintained on the shop floor anf the yard.
1. Environmental audits shall be carried out for expansion project of BPSL to check for compliance with standards / applicable norms by as being done for the operating plant. Regular checking 2. Third party environmental audits has been carried out. Environmental and monitoring of 7 3. Necessary steps have been taken to implement the measures suggested by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in the Charter Monitoring Plan environment status on Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection (CREP) for Integrated Iron and Steel Industry applicable in the host country. of the project sites.
Construction of 1. Proper cleaning of all drainage channels has been conducted periodically. drainage network Maintenance of 2. Regular checking is being done to see that none of the drains are clogged due to accumulation of sludge/sediments 8 within the plant and Drainage System 3. The catch-pits linked to the storm water drainage system from the raw material handling areas are regularly checkedand cleaned regular checking and to ensure their effectiveness maintenance of Development of 1. The data on area of green cover, survival rate etc. has been compiled for periodic review. BPSL has already planted approximately green belt and Green Belt 50,000 trees in almost all possible locations and continuously encourages others to plant trees in their garden, locality etc. 9 extensive Development 2.A six monthly review of the health of theplants planted is being carried out. afforestation in the 3. Regular watering, manuring and hoeing of the area of the plantation is carried out. project site. 1. Road infrastructure (Black top road) from the State Highway Sripura Railway crossing (RCC concrete 1 k.m). Development and 2. Black top road in the vicinity across SH Dhubenchapar, Paulipada & Khadiapali villages from Railway crossing to Derba village improvement of Black top road width 4 mtr., length 2.5 k public roads around 3. Construction of cement concrete approach road near Ganesh Nagar upto Laripali 4.0 k.m. 10 Road infrastructure theproject site and 4. Development of morrum road from Talabora to Dantamura village. neighbouring 5. Construction of new cement concrete road & culverts (RCC) between Thelkoloi village upto the High School building. villages 6. Maintenance work istaken up for the RD road leading from the SH to Babu Chakuli village. 7. Construction of concrete road for R&R Colony.
Environmental and Social 111 Impact Assessment Report Section - 5 : Action Plan & Management System
Summary Environment and Social Issues Sl .No Issues Objective Status Digging of new 1. Construction of large pond at Landupalli village for the people residing. ponds, renovation of 2. Construction of pond at Khadiapali village for the welfare of the people. existing of village 3. Drinking water is being provided in following villages through water tankers.(Lapanga, Dhubenchappar, Khadiapali, Thelkuli, Village ponds and 11 ponds and Paulipada). water supply arrangement for 4. Village pond renovation work at Paulipada, Bhuliad Bansimal, Dhubenchapar,Lapanga and Thelkoli including concrete steps. drinking water 5. Drinking water to villages at Thelkoloi, Lapanga, Dhubenchappar, Khinda. supply 6. Renovation of pond at village of Talabira. 1. BPSL has constructed a new house consisting of two Bed room, Bath room and Latrine with R.C.C. roof for the family members of Construction / great Freedom Fighter late Sri Veer Surendra Sai at village Khinda. renovation of 2. Temple for Lord Jagannath near the monument of Great Freedom Fighter at Village Khinda which is under construction. temples, 3. Renovation work for Samaleswari temple for Lord Jagannath at Laripalli village. construction of Community 4. Construction of temple in the R & R Colony. 12 house for freedom development 5. Renovation of Lord Sriram Temple. fighter, club houses 6. Construction of NewTemple for Maa Tarini at village Thelkoloi. in the nearby 7. Constuction of Club House for the villagers of Banjiberna, Khadiapali. villages. 8. Club house provided for the villagers at Landupalli village. 9. Renovation work for Khadiapali youth club.
1. Financial support of Rs. 3.0 lakhs/year being provided to the Thelkoloi school management committee. 2. 3 Acr. of land acquired for the construction of Thelkoloi High School building with 8 RCC rooms having basic amenities including Construction / toilets, electricity and along with boundary wall with complete infrastructure. renovation of school 3. The company has also provided window grills to the Kisanpada Primary School, Thelkoloi. Augmentation of 13 building, support 4. Construction of boundary wall for the school building at Dantamura village. educational facilities services for school 5. Construction of primary school building at Buliadih village. etc. 6. Development of play ground at Khinda village High school. Electrification of Khinda High School along with fluorescent tube light, fans & Halogen light. 7. Provision of corpus fund of Rs. 5 lakhs each contributed to the high school at Thelkoloi & primary school at Dhubenchapper.
Plantation of Development of additional trees and 1.Jungle Surakhya committee of Lapanga village were given Rs. 1.25 lakhs for forest development in the vicinity. Plantation is being 14 Plantations and aforestation in areas carried out both inside & outside the plant area and peripheral villages. 20,000 seedlings have been planted each year since July 09 forest surrounding the and it is targeted to plant 60,000 seedlings during current season. plant.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 112 Section - 5 : Action Plan & Management System
Summary Environment and Social Issues Sl .No Issues Objective Status Training of project displaced person for increasing employability, 1. I.T.I training provided to 14 persons of PDF and 5 person selected from other village. induction training for 2. Safety training programmes ( classroom and on the job training) organised for permanent and contractor employees in an ongoing 15 Training new employees and basis regular safety 3. Fire drill conducted as per requirement training for 4. 92 percent have been trained for rendering first aid treatment company's and contractor's workmen Regular health 1. All employees including contractor workmen undergo pre-employment medical checkup check up of 16 Health - Check up 2. Periodical medical examination of employees are carried out with special emphasis for detecting occupational and compensable employess to be work related diesease in addition to general health condition of employees. carried out Formulation of elaborate on-site 1. An On-site emergency plan which has been duly approved by the Directorate of Factories, Govt of Orissa has been prepared. emergency and Emergency 2. An emergency oragnisation including key personnel has been established. 17 preparedness plan Preparedness 3. A control room equipped with all emergency equipment and communication facilities has been established. for dealing with 4. Mock emergency and evacuation drills are carried out periodically. possible emergencies. Construction of housing facilities 1. All families (165 ) displaced due to the project have been given plots in the near by village. and other Rehabilitation of 2. 155 houses have been built for the displaced families and 10 families obtained for self relocations who have been given adequate 18 infrastructure for the displaced people compensation for self relocation. people displayed 3. For the current phase of expansion, no families will be displaced. due to the project construction. Generation of employment both 1. The operating plant of BPSL has provided substantial employment opportunities both direct and indirect for the people around the direct and indirect Direct employment & area. 19 due to proposed Indirect Employment 2. About - 1000 nos. of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled work force will be employed during construction of expansion project units. augmentation of 3. The expansion project once completed will provide employment - to 15000 nos (direct & indirect) of people approximately. capacity to 3.0 MTPA of steel.
Environmental and Social 113 Impact Assessment Report Section - 5 : Action Plan & Management System
Summary Environment and Social Issues Sl .No Issues Objective Status Encouragement to be given for Development of 1. Other industries which came up subsequently has also contributed towards the development of ancillary units. development of 20 Industry around the 2. This has hastened the process of growth of small-scale industrial economy around the steel plant complemented by the services ancillary and service plant sector. This is playing and continues to play a major role in the further economic and social development of this area. industries in and around the plant
A township for Creation of plant housing the A small township along with all necessary social amenities has been constructed to provide residential accommodation ofabout250 21 township company employees officials of plant to be built.
Establishment of a 1. A railway siding for the purposehas been setupin the plant through which material such as coal, iron ore, etc. are being railway siding and transported through rail. 22 Traffic Management construction of road 2. Wideroad network within the integrated steel complex to access the area for the construction and operation is being established. inside the plant
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 114 Section - 6 : Consultation & Disclosure
A well established consultation system is working at BPSL, Jharsuguda which is established by District Administration with Representatives of surrounding area, district administration and BPSL (Refer Section 4). The second attribute of consultation process is through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) where development like School, Road, and Health Camp etc by BPSL is conducted regularly in consultation with village representative and with their advice.
BPSL is in constant communication with the neighboring community through its welfare office and is engaged in community development and health care on an ongoing basis.
Environmental and Social 115 Impact Assessment Report Section - 7 : Grievance Mechanism
Bhushan Power & Steel has established a grievance cell to address the grievances related to social and environmental issues with respect to operation of the integrated steel plant. The mechanism allows all stake holders to lodge a complaint or suggestion with respect to the company activity. Following are the different ways to receive the complain
1. Drop boxes are provided at all the gates where any person can drop their complain or suggestion in the form of letter.
The drop box is checked on daily basis by the PRO who functions under Personnel &Administrative (P&A) Department.
Based on the type of complain the letter is then forwarded to the concern department with a copy to the Unit Head.
No. of Complain / No. of complain/ Sl. No. Year suggestion received suggestions addressed 2009-10 1 3 2 (1st April to 31st march) 2010-11 2 6 3 (1st April to 31st march) 2011-12 3 4 3 (1st April to 31st march)
Aresponse letter / massage is sent to the petitioner acknowledging the receipt of his grievances and also a tentative time is mentioned for taking action.
Action is initiated by the respective department to check and address the matter within the specified time frame and after taking the corrective action information is given to the petitioner regarding the same.
2. To address the grievances of the peripheral villagers The District Administration has formed a Rehabilitation & Periphery Development Advisory Committee (RPDAC) for the company. The representatives of all the peripheral villages, District Administration, and the company are the member of this committee. This committee meets once in a year.
All the grievances of different villages and other members are put forward on this forum and necessary course of action by the company is discussed.
Company also deliberates its action plan regarding various CSR activities planned for the year.
Note: Also refer IFC Performance Standard 2 Labour and Working Conditions as mentioned in the Section 4 of this report.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 116 Section - 8 : Conclusion
The present environment system of BPSL takes into account the various guidelines and rules of MOEF/ CPCB enacted for control of pollution in India. It also considers guidelines of International Finance Corporation (IFC), Equator Principles, etc. The attributes of the environment system is as follows.
• The process units of the plant incorporate latest technologies towards pollution control, energy consumption, fuel consumption, automation and control. The technologies for the
additional units selected by BPSl especially towards energy, pollution and CO2 emission control are as per world standard.
• The operating units in the plant have been provided with the pollution control equipments with latest technology and all the equipments are performing satisfactorily.
• All pollution control equipments installed in the operating plant are meeting the national and international standards.
• The solid waste collection and disposal procedure is according to the guidelines of national and international pollution norms. This is being regularly monitored by statutory inspection authorities.
• Zero water discharge concept from inception is being effectively monitored. • Pollution control systems in new units are designed to meet the national & international standards.
• BPSL environment management team of professionals is quite competent and fully geared up to meet the requirement of 3.0 MTPAexpansion.
• BPSL has installed online ambient air quality monitoring systems at few locations. • Two numbers of waste water treatment plant and ETP are operating efficiently. • The company has been accorded with ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 & ISO/TS 16949 certification.
• Housekeeping within the plant has been strengthened and objective of cleanliness is being met. Plantation over the solid waste reclaimed area is grown and the same has started on the second area. Plantation to a tune of about 150000 trees covering area of about 150 to 170 acres have been done in and around the plant area.
• Pre joining and periodical health checkup of workers are being done at companies own dispensary.
• Acoustics have been provided in power plant turbine building and compressor houses. • The air quality parameters monitored time to time are much below the values indicated in the present pollution control act in India and are comparable to the values mentioned in IFC guidelines (Refer the Chart below).
•The projected impact due to installation of new units for air emission will be very less and total
Environmental and Social 117 Impact Assessment Report Section - 8 : Conclusion
values will be still within the international norms and in line with the requirement of IFC EHS Guideline for Integrated Steel Mills and Indian statutory requirements..
•All pollution generating units are attached with requisite pollution control equipment with latest technology and to meet the national and international standards. The monitoring results also indicate that all the installed pollution control equipments are performing satisfactorily.
•The present waste management of BPSL is commendable meeting the international principles, guidelines etc. as contained in IFC attributes.
• Peripheral development activities are being carried out under CSR in the surrounding regions which has uplifted the socioeconomic condition of the area. Company shall further continue to take-up such peripheral development works specifically towards further development in education and medical facility in the region.
•The basic principle of socio-economic development of BPSL is periodic consultation of various groups/ communities of surrounding area of the plant. The CSR group of BPSL is responsible to address all the issues & concerns and ensures resolution thereby ensuring effective community engagement process CSR initiative is taken for implementation after the above process of consultation mechanism is completed.
•The various attributes of pollution management of BPSL is regularly being monitored by regulatory authorities of Orissa Pollution Control Board/ MOEF through physical visits/ inspection. This is also subjected to scrutiny by Peoples Group/ NGO.
• BPSL plant has uplifted the socio-economic condition of the surrounding people. The literacy, income, general health, basic amenities etc. have improved.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 118 Section - 8 : Conclusion
Environmental and Social 119 Impact Assessment Report Section - 8 : Conclusion
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report 120