Water Management Waste Water Management Toba Lake Tourism Observatory Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPM Master‘s Degree Program of Architecture Monitoring Center for Sustainable Tourism Observatory Universitas Sumatera Utara

1 Toba Lake Tourism Observatory Introduction ⼁ Monitoring Areas ⼁ COVID-19 Impact

2 What is ?

Lake Toba was formed by the supervolcano 74.000 years ago (Chesner, 2012). • The biggest Volcano-Tectonic Quarter Caldera in the world • The largest lake in Southeast Asia. • Part of The Five Super- priority Tourist Destinations

3 Monitoring Center for Sustainable Tourism Observatory (MCSTO) Universitas Sumatera Utara , Indonesia • 2016 Universitas Sumatera Utara, Regency, and the Ministry of Tourism, Republic of Indonesia, were committed to support Lake Toba Tourism Development based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) concept. • 2017 USU Forming Monitoring Center for Sustainable Tourism Observatory (MCSTO) and ratified Pangururan as the STO by UNWTO. 2016 • 2017-2018 Implementation of MCSTO USU Monitoring Activities in 4 in Pangururan Sub-district

4 2019: Expanding monitoring areas • GIRSANG SIPANGAN BOLON from 4 villages in 1 sub-district SUBDISTRICT become 31 sub-district in 7 • PEMATANG SILIMAHUTA SUBDISTRICT 2019 • SILIMAKUTA SUBDISTRICT regencies around Lake Toba (4 • PURBA SUBDISTRICT KTA (Key Tourism Area) + 27 Non- • HARANGGAOL HORISON SUBDISTRICT • DOLOK PARDAMEAN SUBDISTRICT KTA sub-district) • PEMATANG SIDAMANIK SUBDISTRICT

2020: Due to COVID19 restrictions, TOBA monitoring focused on 4 KTA sub- • BALIGE SUBDISTRICT • AJIBATA SUBDISTRICT districts with 10 issues • LUMBAN JULU SUBDISTRICT • ULUAN SUBDISTRICT • PORSEA SUBDISTRICT MEREK SUBDISTRICT • SIANTAR NARUMONDA SUBDISTRICT • SIGUMPAR SUBDISTRICT SILAHISABUNGAN SUBDISTRICT • LAGUBOTI SUBDISTRICT • TAMPAHAN SUBDISTRICT SAMOSIR REGENCY • PANGURURAN SUBDISTRICT REGENCY TAPANULI UTARA • SIMANINDO SUBDISTRICT MUARA SUBDISTRICT • SIANJUR MULAMULA SUBDISTRICT • HARIAN SUBDISTRICT • SITIOTIO SUBDISTRICT • NAINGGOLAN SUBDISTRICT HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN REGENCY 2020 • ONAN RUNGGU SUBDISTRICT • BAKTIRAJA SUBDISTRICT • PALIPI SUBDISTRICT • LINTONG NIHUTA SUBDISTRICT • RONGGUR NIHUTA SUBDISTRICT • PARANGINAN SUBDISTRICT

5 Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on tourism 2020

Tourist arrival data in Sumatera Utara 2020 6 Monitoring Indicators and Methodology Water Management ⼁ Waste Water Management

7 Monitoring Indicators

Water Management Waste Water Management 1. Overall water use relative to supply: Water use • Wastewater treatment system 2. Conservation initiatives and results: Water savings • Wastewater treatment and Reuse 3. Water management constraints • Impact of wastewater treatment 4. The purity of water channeled 5. Contamination level of the lake water 6. Impact of contamination on tourist 7. Impact of water on image of destination o Perception of the lake water cleanliness o Perception of the lake water quality o Perception of the clean water availability o Perception of the purity of the drinking water in destination

8 Monitoring Methodology

THE MINISTRY OF TOURISM AND UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CREATIVE ECONOMY

MCSTO USU

WATER MANAGEMENT WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

INITIAL STUDY DATA COLLECTION FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS OBSERVATION RESEARCH INTERVIEW ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

COMMUNITY SERVICE TOURIST QUESTIONER TOURISM ISSUES

ACADEMIC INDICATOR PERFORMANCE

PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS FINDINGS

PRIVATE SECTOR REPORT RECOMMENDATION 9 List of Key Stakeholders

Public Institutions Private Sectors National 4. ’s Chiefs from 31 Districts (will be 1. Destination Managers selected) 1. Indonesian Ministry of Tourism 2. Business Operators (Kemenpar) 5. Agency of Tourism and Culture Affairs (DISPAR) 3. Association of the Indonesian Tours and 2. Assistant Deputy of Tourism Travel (ASITA) Infrastructure and Ecosystem 6. Agency of Environmental Affairs (DLH) Development, Ministry of Tourism 4. Indonesian Tourist Guide Association (ITGA) 7. Agency of Local Development 3. Ministry of Public Works and Planning (BAPPEDA) 5. Association of Hotels and Restaurants (PHRI) Housing (PUPR) 8. Agency of Transportation (DISHUB) 6. Indonesia Congress and Convention 4. National Planning Agency Association (INCCA) (BAPPENAS) 9. Agency of Public Works and Housing (PUPR) 5. Statistics Indonesia (BPS) 10. Sanitation Department Office Academic 6. Lake Toba Authority Agency 1. University of Sumatera Utara (BPODT) 11. Provincial Statistics Department 2. State University of Medan Provincial and Local 12. Tirtanadi Water Company (PDAM Tirtanadi) 3. Medan State Polytechnic 1. Governor 13. Tirtalihou Water Company (PDAM 4. Medan Tourism Polytechnic 2. Regents of 7 Regencies (Bupati) Tirtalihou) 5. DEL Institute of Technology 3. Subdistrict Chiefs of 31 Subdistricts 14. Toba Caldera Management Board (Camat) (BPGKT) 6. St. Thomas Catholic University

10 Challenges

• Diversity of 7 Regency as part of the monitoring areas • Non-uniformity of available data • Specific data regarding tourism toward the environmental issue • In-digitalized data

11 Findings, Reviews, and Indicator Performance Water Management ⼁ Waste Water Management

12 Water Management Finding & Review

Slightly Polluted

Imbalance between the capacity of Lake Toba with the amount of pollutant entering the Lake.

Controlling the contaminant sources is highly essential.

Communities who have not been served secure their water needs from springs, rivers, and the Lake. 13 Water Management Indicator Performance Indicator Indicators Baseline Data Target Performance Water use The ability of clean water The ability of clean water 100% production meets the needs production meets the needs

Conservation/ water waste water reuse does not 100% reuse of waste water 0% savings exist

Water management The level of water loss from The level of water loss from 70% constraints the system: 30% the system: 0% The purity of water channeled 42% service area 100% service area 42%

Contamination level Slightly polluted Not polluted 75%

Contamination levels of There are no data records in Data has been recorded in 31 0% tourist activities 31 district Tourist perception of Tourists have a good The average value of tourist water management perception with a perfect 73% perception is 3.67 14 score of 5 Waste Water Management Finding & Review

The domestic and industrial wastewater were yet to have specific treatment.

Wastewater management in ranch and aquaculture is not present at all, the waste from these industries go directly throughout small creeks to the lake.

15 Waste Water Management Indicator Performance

Indicator Indicators Baseline Data Target Performance Only one sub-district All 31 sub-districts Wastewater treatment has a wastewater have wastewater 3% system management system management systems All 31 sub-districts does All 31 sub-districts Wastewater treatment not reuse the carry out wastewater 0% and reuse wastewater reuse Impact of wastewater slightly polluted Not polluted 50% treatment

16 Lessons Identified

17 • The control on water contamination has been regulated by the state’s central government since 2001 (Government Regulation No. 82/2001), wastewater management issue is still impacting Lake Toba’s water quality.

• The trophic status, the level of contaminants, and the lake’s carrying capacity have proven that the current lake water is polluted.

• Water management could not rely on one party, multi-stakeholder coordination is needed

• Another providers could support the existing companies in distributing water to residents and tourism establishments.

• Immediate actions to restore and rehabilitate the lake’s water quality is needed

• The government should uphold the wastewater management regulation implementation.

18 THANK YOU TERIMAKASIH Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPM Master‘s Degree Program of Architecture Monitoring Center for Sustainable Tourism Observatory Universitas Sumatera Utara [email protected] ⼁ [email protected] 19