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BULLETIN OF THE Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society Volume Eight SEPTEMBER 1936 Published by the Society at Abilene, Texas COPYRIGHT, 1936 BY TEXAS ARCHEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA The Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society OFFICERS CYRUS N. RAY, President JULIUS OLSEN, Vice-President OTTO O. WATTS, Secretary-Treasurer DIRECTORS CYRUS N. RAY, D.O. W. C. HOLDEN, Ph. D. JULIUS OLSEN, Ph D., Sc.D. RUPERT RICHARDSON, Ph. D. OTTO O. WATTS, Ph. D. C. W. HANLEY REGIONAL VICE-PRESIDENTS FLOYD V. S TUDER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Amarillo COL. M. L. CRIMMINS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - New York, N. Y. VICTOR J. SMITH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Alpine C. L. WEST - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Hamilton DR. J. E. PEARCE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Austin LESTER B. WOOD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Breckenridge O. L. SIMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Paint Rock TRUSTEES DR. ELLIS SHULER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dallas DR. STEWART COOPER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Abilene W. A. RINEY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Abilene PRICE CAMPBELL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Abilene FRED COCKRELL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Abilene ERNEST W. W ILSON - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Abilene A. T. JACKSON - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Austin EDITOR CYRUS N. RAY Foreword The Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society was organized in Abilene, Texas, in October, 1928, for the purpose of collecting the archeological remains of Texas, their preservation in Texas museums, and the publication of the knowledge acquired in the studies and researches incident thereto. It was also intended that the remains of such types of prehistoric animals as have been found associated with man’s artifacts in other parts of the world should be carefully studied and collected in museums with the idea in view that a more careful study of American pleistocene deposits might yield evidences of earlier occupation of America by man than had been previously acknowledged. The members of the Society feel that the efforts of this organization have contributed no small part to the solution of many of these problems, and especially that of ancient man in America. From the printing of The Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society’s Publications neither officers nor editor nor anyone else derive any financial compensation whatever. All of the proceeds of the dues payments, and book sales are applied to make better, larger bulletins. It is a successful experiment in pure science. The Society published its first book at the beginning of the depression in 1929. It has been published regularly every year since then. For several years the Society has owed no debts, and it maintains a cash balance prior to publication for the printing of its Bulletins. BULLETIN of the Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Some Unusual Cremated Burials Near Colorado, Texas, by Cyrus N. Ray ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 2. A Prehistoric Cremated Burial of the Abilene Region, by James G. Morrow ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 3. Discoveries Indicating A Pre-Caddo Culture On Red River in Arkansas, by Harry J. Lemley-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 4. Ceramic Relationships of the Pre-Caddo Pottery From the Crenshaw Site, by S. D. Dickinson -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 5. Kitchen Middens of the Upper Red River Drainage, by Adolph Henry Witte --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 6. Interesting Artifacts of, Clay County, Texas, by Leonard D. Bennett ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 7. The Pottery Horizons of Texas, by Victor J. Smith --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 8. Indian Campsites of the Upper Trinity River Drainage, by R. K. Harris ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57 9. A Perpetual Fire Site, by A. T. Jackson ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 10. Reviews, Reports and Editorials -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 11. Secretary- Treasurer’s Report ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 97 12. Membership List --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 98 Vol. 8, 1936. Price $3.00 Abilene, Texas LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 11 Burned human bones and shells, flint projectile points, polished stone pendants, and ornaments, and other stone and shell arti-facts from cremated burials near Colorado, Texas. PLATE 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 14 Dart points, knives of quartzite and flint, quartzite ax, and Nueces Canyon Scored Stone, from cremated burial near Abilene. PLATE 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 18 Cross section of Mound B, Crenshaw Site. PLATE 4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 19 Plan of Pit No.3, Mound B, Crenshaw Site. Shows positions of skeletons and artifacts. PLATE 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 22 Pit 9, Mound B, Crenshaw Site. Shows positions of skeletons and artifacts. PLATE 6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 23 Photograph of part of Pit 3, Mound B. PLATE 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 26 1. Pear-shaped vase. 2. Quadrilateral vessel. 3. Vessel with cylindrical body and square bottom. 4. Globular jar of red ware. 5. Semi-globular jar. 6. Conical jar. PLATE 8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 28 1. Small quadrilateral vessel. 2. Small cylindrical, square bottomed vessel. 3. Small quadrilateral vessel. 4. Large urn. 5. Large bowl. 6. Conical bowl. 7. Jar No. V-1358. 8. Bowl No. V-1377. PLATE 9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 32 1. Cooking pot of heavy ware. 2. Cooking pot of heavy ware. 3. Cooking pot, No. V-1286. 4. Deep bowl, No. 1441. 5. Vessel No. V-1357. 6. Cooking pot, No. V-1440. 7. Platter-like bowl. 8. Bowl No. V-1449. PLATE 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 34 1. Flattened globular bowl. 2. Bowl No. V-1449, showing exterior decoration. 3. Conical bowl No. V-1456. 4. Small quadrilateral vessel. 5. Small bowl, No. V-1464. 6. Small bowl, No. V-1461. 7. Triangular ladle. 8. Ladle-like bowl. 9. Ladle No. V-1462. PLATE 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 35 Finely chipped implements of the pre-Caddo culture. PLATE 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 38 1. Bone artifacts including awls and flakers. 2. Four-edged knives, and a carved stone pipe. 3. An unfinished sandstone pipe. PLATE 13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 42 1. Bison skull tools. Artifact on the right 7 ½ inches in length. 2. Gray-green stone pestle, 22 ½ inches in length and oval in cross section. 3. Bison metatarsus tools. The longest is eight inches in length. PLATE 14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 46 1. Ladle or spoon made from horn core and skull of bison. 2. Similar to No.1 except that the skull end has been sharpened. 3. Bone implement made from scapula of bison. 4. Pottery human effigy. PLATE 15 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 50 1. Jar from Frank Mills collection, Coleman County. Courtesy A. T. Jackson. 2. A pot found in the Davis Mountains, possibly Apache pottery. Courtesy A. T. Jackson. 3. Black pot from Panhandle region, 12 inches high and 10 inches in diameter. Courtesy Floyd V. Studer. 4. Caddoan jar from Red River County. Courtesy A. T. Jackson. PLATE 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 54 1. An East Texas Caddoan bottle. Courtesy A. T. Jackson. 2. An Asinai water bottle from Anderson County. Courtesy A. T. Jackson. 3. Typical Gulf Coast sherds. Edges and decoration are with asphalt paint. Courtesy Mr. George Martin. 4. Gulf Coast incised line designs and asphalt spot decorations. Courtesy Mr. George Martin.
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