Gearing up for Autonomous Mobility : ’s Collaborative Approach

LAM Wee Shann Chief Innovation & Transport Technology Officer Land Transport Authority Vision for Urban Mobility

Urban Mobility Challenges More Rising Increasing Diverse Limited Travel Manpower Needs and Land Area Demand Constraints Wants

Vision To create a Car-Lite Singapore where people choose to walk, cycle and ride public transport, and where urban mobility (the movement of goods and people in cities) can be achieved in the most resource efficient manner

2 Why AVs

Reduce traffic congestion and land take By optimising traffic flows and reducing demand for car ownership through more convenient and comfortable public transport, especially at first/last mile.

Reduced reliance on manpower To address local manpower constraints, and allowing opportunities to address manpower demands in other key areas.

Improved road safety By eliminating human-related error; reduced economic losses from deaths, injuries and traffic jams that may arise from accidents.

3 Committee on Autonomous Road Transport for Singapore (CARTS) set up in 2014 to drive AV development

Committee on Autonomous Road Transport for Singapore (CARTS) Chaired by Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Transport Comprising public & private sector members

Govt Agencies Private Organisations

CENTRE FOR STRATEGIC FUTURES Strategy Group, Prime Minister’s Office

4 Roadmap for Deployment of AVs

Phase Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Scale Test-Beds Town Deployment Island-Wide

Fixed Route & Trials Limited Deployment Full Operational Scheduled Services • Trials in test-beds, • Roll-out of AVs for Deployment controlled commuter service in • Full deployment of Mobility-on- Demand environments some of our towns AVs across all • Expand to more • Operational tracks complex deployment of • New towns Freight environments, autonomous trucks designed for AVs including residential and utility vehicles • Existing towns to Utility areas, as and when in some areas be retrofitted ready Infrastructure & systems, regulations & standards, public Enablers acceptability, manpower and industry development, etc.

5 Number of AVs and Deployment Areas Increasing in Singapore since 2017 2021 – 30+ AVs granted Authorisations/Waiver of Registration (WOR) and Exemption Orders to trial on roads and paths at 10+ different locations

2017 - 4 AVs granted Authorisation to conduct trials on roads in One-North

3X

6 7 On-going AV Trials (i)

Autonomous Bus Trials @NTU- CleanTech Park, Island*, Science Park 2* Fixed & Scheduled Services

Autonomous Mobility-on- Autonomous Shuttle Autonomous Mobility-on- Demand Trials @ One-North @ NUS* Demand (On Path) Trials @ Point-to- GBTB* Point Mobility on- Demand Services

*open to public 8 On-going AV Trials (ii)

Autonomous Vehicles (On Path) Parcel / Grocery / Food Delivery Trials @ , Jurong* Freight & Logistics

Road Sweeping Trials @ NTU & Cleantech Park

Utility

*open to public Phase 2: Pilot Deployment of AVs

• Pilot deployment of autonomous public transport services in 3 new towns: Punggol, Tengah and Jurong Innovation District (JID) • Pilot services to provide fixed route/scheduled bus and shared/on-demand shuttle services within these new towns • Collaborate with industry to (i) develop autonomous public transport solutions for Singapore; and (ii) field-test solutions at fleet and town scale • Received keen interest from more than 20 companies worldwide and locally

Punggol - brown-field site with Jurong Innovation District - Tengah - green-field residential good mix of residential and largely green-field area commercial/industrial areas commercial/light industrial site Roadmap for Deployment of AVs

Phase Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Scale Test-Beds Town Deployment Island-Wide

Fixed Route & Trials Limited Deployment Full Operational Scheduled Services • Trials in test-beds, • Roll-out of AVs for Deployment controlled commuter service in • Full deployment of Mobility-on- Demand environments some of our towns AVs across all • Expand to more • Operational tracks complex deployment of • New towns Freight environments, autonomous trucks designed for AVs including residential and utility vehicles • Existing towns to Utility areas, as and when in some areas be retrofitted ready Infrastructure & systems, regulations & standards, public Enablers acceptability, manpower and industry development, etc.

10 Testing AVs to Ensure Public Safety

• Launched Centre of Excellence in Testing & Research of AVs – NTU (CETRAN) in 2016 to develop testing & certification methodologies in collaboration with international organisation - TUV SUD • CETRAN AV Test Centre tests AVs for local traffic scenarios: • (Road) Milestone testing regime: (1) trial in small-scale test-bed; (2) trial in complex, densely populated environments; (3) remove on-board safety operator

Framework for AVs on Public Roads

11 Testing AVs to Ensure Public Safety

(Path) • Increasing demand to deploy AVs that operate on paths for delivery, etc, since Covid-19 • LTA and CETRAN developing test regime to ensure safety of other path users • Provisional test (P1) launched in Q3 2020 to allow trials on commence with restrictions, while also allowing LTA to learn and public to be familiarized with such tech

Figure 1: Examples of AVs on Paths

12 Developing AV Standards to Facilitate Deployment

• Joint development between LTA and industry/research entities/standards development bodies, and in consultation with overseas experts (e.g. AV Test & Development Symposium Europe-Stuttgart, ITSWC 2019, workshops, etc.) • 4-part Technical Reference (TR) released on 31 January 2019 • Undergoing revisions to align with technological and international standards development • Ongoing incorporation into ISO proposal on Smart Transportation under ISO268 technical committee

13 Contribution to International AV Standards

• LTA participates in Automated / Autonomous and Connected Vehicles (GRVA) which harmonizes standards for AV technologies • GRVA focuses on creating regulations for Level 2/3 AVs (e.g. highway autopilot); Singapore stays plugged in as regulations could be adapted for level 4/5 AVs in future • LTA also participates in Validation Method for Automated Driving (VMAD) to keep pace of developments / methodologies in assessing AVs

14 Networks to Learn International Best Practices

• We learn and collaborate with international like-minded countries or authorities to learn from each other through info sharing sessions

• These open sharing sessions bring together regulators from countries such as Germany, Netherlands, UK and US, to discuss AV regulation, and share best practices

15 Forums to Learn International Best Practices

• We collaborate with international AV community to shape development of standards & legislation, & exchange best practices & experiences

• LTA shared AV vision and roadmap at international platforms such as 26th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, Global Mobility Executive Forum 2019, Japan’s SIP-Automated Driving for Universal Services and APAC Economic Cooperation Automotive Dialogue

Autonomous Mobility Summit, 2019 MOU with Swedish Transport Global Mobility Executive Forum 16 Authority, 2020 (GMEF), Paris, 25 - 28 Nov 2019 Engaging Public to Educate and Achieve Buy-in

2019 2020 2021 Announcement of Public Acceptability Study by Social media posts; videos; expansion of trial area Singapore University of press releases .. and more to come to Western region Technology & Design (SUTD)

ITS World Congress Social Media Engagements Technical Demonstrations Community Roadshow Smart Nation + U Roadshow

17 Thank You