Tamil Nadu Urban Flagship Investment Program – Underground Sewerage System for Phase II of Municipal Corporation Covering Zones 3 to 7 in Vellore City
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Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 49107-003 May 2018 IND: Tamil Nadu Urban Flagship Investment Program – Underground Sewerage System for Phase II of Municipal Corporation Covering Zones 3 to 7 in Vellore City Prepared by Vellore City Municipal Corporation (VCMC) for the Government of Tamil Nadu and Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 24 November 2017) Currency Unit – Indian rupee (₹) ₹1.00 – $0.0155 $1.00 = ₹64.5905 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI – Archaeological Survey of India CMSC – Construction Management and Supervision Consultant CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board CTE – consent to establish CTO – consent to operate DWC – double wall corrugated EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EHS – Environmental Health and Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan ESS – Environmental and Social Safeguards ESZ – Eco Sensitive Zone GOI – Government of India GoTN – Government of Tamil Nadu IEE – Initial Environmental Examination MOEFCC – Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change NOC – No Objection Certificate PIU – Project Implementation Unit PMU – Project Management Unit PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance REA – rapid environmental assessment RoW – right of way SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement STP – sewage treatment plant TNPCB – Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board TNUFIP – Tamil Nadu Urban Flagship Investment Program TNUIFSL – Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited VCMC – Vellore City Municipal Corporation WHO – World Health Organization WEIGHTS and MEASURES C degree Celsius km kilometre lpcd litre per capita per day msl mean sea level m meter mm millimeter Mgd million gallons per day Mld million litres per day km2 square kilometer NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of this IEE Report 3 C. Report Structure 3 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 4 A. Project Area 4 B. Existing Sewerage System 4 C. Proposed Project 6 D. Implementation Schedule 6 III. POLICY, LEGAL and ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 15 A. ADB Policy 15 B. National Environmental Laws 15 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 22 A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study 22 B. Physical Resources 22 C. Ecological Resources 31 D. Economic Development 33 E. Socio Cultural Resources 35 F. Subproject Site Environmental Features 37 V. aNTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS and MITIGATION MEASURES 44 A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design and Location 44 B. Construction Impacts 56 C. Operation and Maintenance Impacts 67 VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION and INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 72 A. Overview 72 B. Public Consultation 72 C. Information Disclosure 73 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 74 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 77 A. Environmental Management Plan 77 B. Implementation Arrangements 108 C. Training Needs 111 D. Monitoring and Reporting 112 E. EMP Implementation Cost 113 IX. CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATIONS 114 APPENDICES Appendix 1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST 118 Appendix 2: SALIENT FEATURES OF MAJOR LABOR LAWS APPLICABLE TO ESTABLISHMENTS ENGAGED IN CONSTRUCTION OF CIVIL WORKS 122 Appendix 3: SAMPLE OUTLINE SPOILS (CONSTRUCTION WASTE) MANAGEMENT PLAN124 Appendix 4: PUBLIC INFORMATION NOTICE TEMPLATE 125 Appendix 5: SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REGISTRATION FORM 126 Appendix 6: SAMPLE OUTLINE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN 127 Appendix 7: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INSPECTION REPORT 134 Appendix 8: SAMPLE SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT TEMPLATE 136 Appendix 9: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 143 Tables Table 1: Proposed Water Supply Subproject Components 7 Table 2: Applicable Environmental Regulations 16 Table 3: Effluent Disposal Standards of Sewage Treatment Plants Applicable to All Modes of Disposal 17 Table 4: Standards for Sludge Reuse as Manure 18 Table 5: Clearances and Permissions Required for Construction 19 Table 6: WHO Ambient Air Quality Guidelines 21 Table 7: World Bank Group’s EHS Noise Level Guidelines 21 Table 8: Groundwater Quality in Vellore 29 Table 9: Ambient Air Quality at Traffic Junctions, Vellore, 2016 30 Table 10: Ambient Day-time Noise Levels in Vellore 30 Table 11: Site Environmental Features 38 Table 12: Characteristic of Sludge for Use as Soil Conditioner 47 Table 13: Design Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures (STP) 79 Table 14: Design Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sewer network including SPS and LS) 80 Table 15: Pre-Construction Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Applicable for All Components) 85 Table 16: Construction Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures (applicable for all components) 86 Table 17: Operation Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 98 Table 18: Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan (STP) 102 Table 19: Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan (Sewer network including SPS and LS) 103 Table 20: Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan (STP) 105 Table 21: Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan (Sewer network including SPS and LS) 106 Table 22: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation 111 Table 23: Cost Estimates to Implement the Environmental Management Plan 113 Figures Figure 1: Location of Subproject 5 Figure 2: Proposed Sewerage Schemes and Phasing in Vellore 10 Figure 3: Proposed Sewerage Scheme Phase II in Vellore 11 Figure 4: Pumping Main Pipe Bridge Layout on Palar River 12 Figure 5: Sewage Treatment Plant Site and Alignment of Outfall Sewer 13 Figure 6: Outfall Sewer from Sewage Treatment Plant to Pandiyan Channel 14 Figure 7: Soil Types in the Project Area 23 Figure 8: Geomorphology of Project Area 24 Figure 9: Seismic Zone of Project Area 25 Figure 10: Annual Seasonal Rainfall in Project Area 26 Figure 11: Monthly Max and Min Average Temperature in Project Area 26 Figure 12: Lakes/ponds in Vellore City 28 Figure 13: Ground Water Prospects in Project Area 29 Figure 14: Vellore Forest Area Map 32 Figure 15: Map Showing Land Use and Land Cover in the Project Area 34 Figure 16: Archaeological Survey of India Protected Monument In Vellore 37 Figure 17: Project Components in 300m Boundary of ASI Monument 55 Figure 18: Proposed TNUFIP Grievance Redress Mechanism 75 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The Tamil Nadu Urban Flagship Investment Program (TNUFIP) will advance India’s national urban flagship programs to develop priority urban and environmental infrastructure in ten cities located within strategic industrial corridors of Tamil Nadu (the State), including those within the East Coast Economic Corridor (ECEC), to enhance environmental sustainability, climate resilience, and livability. It will also strengthen the capacity of state and local institutions and improve urban governance. TNUFIP is aligned with the following impact: urban livability and climate resilience in cities of economic importance improved. TNUFIP will have the following outcomes: smart and climate resilient urban services delivered in ten cities in priority industrial corridors. 2. The TNUFIP is structured under three outputs: (i) sewage collection and drainage improved and climate-friendly sewage treatment systems introduced, (ii) access to reliable and smart drinking water services improved, and (iii) Institutional capacity, public awareness, and urban governance strengthened. TNUFIP will be implemented over an 8-year period beginning in 2018, and will be funded by Asian Development Bank (ADB). via its multitranche financing facility (MFF). 3. The Subproject. Vellore, located in the northern part of Tamil Nadu on a corridor connecting Bangalore-Chennai, is a very prominent education and health centre in Tamil Nadu and as well as India. In this subproject to be implemented under the ADB funded TNUFIP, it is proposed to provide underground sewerage system in added areas (Zone 3 to 7 covering areas of Alamelumangapuram, Sathuvachari, Shenpakkam, Konavattam, Vasanthapuram and Velapadi) of Vellore City Municipal Corporation (VCMC). These areas are located in the south of Palar River, surrounding the old core city of Vellore, which is already provided with UGSS. VCMC area is located on both sides of River Palar. Subproject includes the following civil works components: (i) sewage collection system (209.5 kilometre (km) length of sewers and 8,649 manholes), (ii) 7 nos. of lift stations, (iii) 5 no. of pump stations, (iv) 15.77 km length pumping main sewers, (v) sewage treatment plant (STP) of 50 million litres per day (MLD) capacity and a 2-km length outfall sewer from STP to disposal point, and (vi) 43,270 house service connections. STP is proposed under design-build contract, and therefore at present STP is design is preliminary. 4. Project implementation arrangements. The Municipal Administration and Water Supply Department (MAWS) of GoTN acting through the Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited (TNUIFSL) is the state-level executing agency. A project