Introduction to Teaching Reading in Primary 1–3 Student Teacher Resource Book 2018 EDITION NCE Course for Year Two
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Introduction to Teaching Reading in Primary 1–3 Student Teacher Resource Book 2018 EDITION NCE Course for Year Two NORTHERN EDUCATION INITIATIVE PLUS Introduction to Teaching Reading in Primary 1–3 Student Teacher Resource Book NCE Course for Year Two Introduction | I Rights and Permission This material for a course in early grade reading at colleges of education in Bauchi and Sokoto, in Nigeria is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the Northern Education Initiative Plus program (Contract Number AID-620-C-15-00002). 2018 Edition The text and illustrations in this work are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecomons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit or adapt the work as long as you attribute or credit the original authors and illustrators. II | Student Teacher Resource Book Table of Contents Foreword . IV Acknowledgments . V List of Contributors . VI About the cover illustrations on the front and back covers . VII NCCE and Northern Education Initiative Plus . VIII Topic 1: Introduction to Early Grade Reading and the Importance of Reading Instruction . 24 Topic 2: School Readiness . 31 Topic 3: Introduction to Basic Primary Curriculum . 45 Topic 4: Language Acquisition and Oral Language Development . 50 Topic 5: Phonological and Phonemic Awareness . 60 Topic 6: Word Identification . 68 Topic 7: Vocabulary Instruction . 74 Topic 8: Writing Instruction . 85 Topic 9: Assessment . 98 Topic 10: Reading Fluency . .110 Topic 11: Comprehension . 121 Topic 12: Text Comprehension Strategies . 132 Topic 13: Community Outreach . .146 Glossary of Terms . .147 References. .156 Introduction | III FOREWORD The importance of reading as an essential and integral constituent of the school curriculum can never be overemphasized. Right from pre-school, reading remains a veritable tool for the development of an individual and achievement of the lofty goals embedded in the National Philosophy of Education which has great implication for national development. With support from USAID, the Northern Education Initiative (NEI) Plus collaborat- ed with National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) in 2017 to produce a reading document on Early Grade Reading (EGR) to aid pre-service teachers to handle reading in Hausa and English. The material titled “Introduction to Teaching Reading in Primary 1–3” was pilot tested in Bauchi and Sokoto States. Several Teach- er Educators were adequately trained in the two states to handle the delivery of the course content. This has yielded astounding success as children’s reading abilities in these states has improved tremendously and their skills in English very much en- hanced. The delivery of the course material developed by representatives of four Colleges of Education, Academics from the NCCE alongside International Reading experts from the Florida State University (FSU) has equally undergone the necessary monitoring and evaluation. The findings is what resulted in this revised edition in your hand. The revised edition has enjoyed minor changes and corrections which makes it much richer and a material to be adopted for use nationwide. However, some corrections in the previous edition such as spellings and formatting have been effected and some units reorganized. It is therefore, my pleasure to introduce this final version of the EGR teaching course materials for use in our Colleges of Education and other NCE awarding institutions to stimulate once more the ability of our children to read in our Mother Tongues as well as English. This will make them reach their potential for economic and social development and stronger nation. NCCE is proud to be working on this programme to strengthen the teaching of reading at the primary school level through pre-service in Teacher Education Institutions in Nigeria. I say well done to all stakeholders on this project. Prof. Bappa-Aliyu Muhammadu Executive Secretary NCCE Abuja, FCT. IV | Student Teacher Resource Book ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The design and development of this pre-service Introduction to Teaching Reading in Primary 1–3: NCE Course for Year Two, is the result of a collaborative effort among the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE), Nigerian Ed- ucational Research and Development Council (NERDC), Aminu Saleh College of Education (ASCOE), College of Education, Kangere (COEK) and Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic (ATAP) in Bauchi as well as Shehu Shagari College of Education (SS- COE) in Sokoto. The USAID funded Northern Education Initiative Plus (NEIPlus) provided administrative support and technical expertise. The course was piloted at the four colleges during June-August 2017 with the aim of finding out the best way to prepare Student Teachers to be reading teachers in the early grades. The Executive Secretary of the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) Professor Bappa-Aliyu Muhammadu, with his drive to improve the qual- ity of pre-service teacher education at the Colleges of Educations (CoEs), provided leadership, insight and tremendous support for the pilot course. The NCCE Reading Technical Working Group (RTWG) members led by Dr. Sam Ugwuoti, provided their technical expertise, guidance, commitment and contributed to the endeavor. Under the leadership of the Executive Secretary of NERDC, Professor Ismail Junaidu, the pilot course had strong support from Dr. Garba Gandu; a Hausa curriculum spe- cialist. We also give thanks to Dr. Garba Ibrahim; the Provost College of Education Kangere who also hosted all the workshops on material development in his college and added rich insights on how to improve the course throughout the design period. We appreciate the contributions of all the RTWG members from the ASCOE, SSCO, COEK and ATAP for the design and drafting of the materials which took place over a two-week period in February 2017 at College of Education, Kangere in Bauchi with support from the NCCE RTWG. We acknowledge the relentless effort and commitment of the NEIPlus internation- al reading experts, Dr. Adrienne E. Barnes from Florida State University (FSU), Dr. Nancy Clark-Chiarelli and Mary Sugrue from Education Development Center (EDC), and Dr. Fathi El-Ashry from Creative Associates International. The NEIPlus reading team led by Joy du Plessis, included Bilyaminu Bello Inuwa, Lydia Ezihe Onuoha, Fwanshishak Daniel, Zahra’u Abubakar Maishanu, Ahmad Al- haji Umar, Muhammad Bello Yusuf and Shuaibu Dabo brought their in depth knowl- edge and experiences of the Mu Karanta! Let’s Read! early grade reading program being implemented in Bauchi and Sokoto. We also acknowledge Mustapha Ahmad; the Bauchi State team leader of the (NEI Plus) for his leadership and support to make the initial design workshop a success. Introduction | V LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS The following people were involved in the design, drafting and writing of this material: Name Affiliation Dr. Sam Ugwuoti National Commission of Colleges of Education Dr. Abdul K. T. Otunuyi National Commission of Colleges of Education Dr. Amy P. Shalangwa National Commission of Colleges of Education Sa’adatu Bello National Commission of Colleges of Education Salisu Bashir Gwangwazo National Commission of Colleges of Education Ibrahim Audu Gumau National Commission of Colleges of Education Adeleye Timilehin National Commission of Colleges of Education Dr. Garba Gandu Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council Dr. Abubakar Boyi Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto Hadiza Salihu Koko Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto Aminu Balarabe Kilgori Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto Ibrahim Adam Musa Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto Dahiru Yalwa Muhammad Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi Yusuf Bala Waziri Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi Mairo A. Yahaya Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi Muhammad Bello Umar Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi Amina Ibrahim Abubakar Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi Alawiyyatu Aliyu Musa Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi Abbas Adamu Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi Hadiza Al-Kasim Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi Danlami Michael Zumunta College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi Hindu Abubakar College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi Aliyu Shuaibu College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi Mustapha Muhd Saidu College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi Ibrahim Muhd Dawaki College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi Nafisa Abdulƙadir College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi Bilyaminu Bello Inuwa Northern Education Initiative Plus, Abuja Fwanshishak Daniel Northern Education Initiative Plus, Abuja Lydia Ezihe Onuoha Northern Education Initiative Plus, Abuja Ahmad Alhaji Umar Northern Education Initiative Plus, Bauchi Shuaib Muhammad Dabo Northern Education Initiative Plus, Bauchi Zahra’u Abubakar Maishanu Northern Education Initiative Plus, Sokoto Muhammad Bello Yusuf Northern Education Initiative Plus, Sokoto VI | Student Teacher Resource Book About the illustrations on the front and back covers The front cover illustration of this material was adapted from the story of Aisha’s Sticky Day in the Let’s Read! primary two English, term three, pupil’s Introduction to Teaching book. This inspiring illustration was created by Reading in Primary 1–3 Student Teacher Resource Book John Akanbi Norj. Norj is a creative artist