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Cuddington in Domesday Book, 1086

Victoria County History of Surrey 1 p304

The Land of the Bishop of Bayeux [Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, half- brother to the King. His holdings appear to be his as Earl of Kent; and on his rebellion against William Rufus they reverted to the Crown. They were not possessions of his See].

In Waletone [Wallington] Hundred Adam son of Hubert has one hide of the Bishop, which has never paid geld….

The selfsame Bishop holds Codintone [Cuddington]. Earl Leofwine [brother to Harold, here Lewinus] held it. It was then assessed for 30 hides. Of these, the Earl held 20 hides; and the allodial tenants (alodiarii) of the vill [p289: of the old English tenures of land we have glimpses also in the alodiarii villae who, at Cuddington, held ten out of thirty hides, and so could betake themselves (that is, choose a lord) with their lands where they would (fo.31b 2)] who could seek any other lord for their lands (qui cum suis terris quo volebant recedere poterant), held 10 hides. The Bishop now holds 6 of these 10 [hides] with the other 20. These 26 hides are now assessed for 5 hides. The Bishop holds this as 1 manor. Ilbert [p280: the ‘Ilbert’ who held Cuddington of the Bishop can be shown to be no other than that Ilbert de Laci, lord of Pontefract, who had also been his vassal. (See Eng. Hist. Rev. XIV, 430)] now holds of the Bishop these 26 hides. He [has] 22 hides, and 1 of his homagers 4 hides. In demesne there is 1 plough; and [there are] 7 villeins and 9 bordars with 6 ploughs. There are 4 serfs, and a mill worth 40 pence. Of these hides, Ralph holds 4 hides. Ulwin holds of the King 1 hide and 3 quarters of 1 hide. In demesne there is 1 plough; and [there are] 4 villeins and 4 bordars with 1 plough. The whole manor in the time of King Edward was worth 11 pounds; and afterwards 100 shillings; now 9 pounds and 12 shillings. Of the land of this manor, Restald holds 2 hides, but he renders account (rationem) in Waleton [Wallington] Hundred.

Inventory of Simon de Codynton

Document owned by Dr. B. Lawn

Inventory of all the goods of lord Simon de Codynton, knight, taken 12th April. 48 Edward III [1374], on the day he died.

In the Chamber. Bed with tester and ridells, price 26s. 8d; item 1 [sic] cloak price 13s. 4d. whereof 1 price 5s.; item 3 tunics and a gown, price 13s. 4d.; item 1 axe. 1 sword with buckler, price 3s. 4d.; item 2 pairs of spoons price 6s. 8d.; item 2 pairs of shoes much worn, price 2s.; item a chest, price 5s.; item 4 other old chests without locks, price 5s.; item a knife price 3s. 4d.; item 2 bows with 12 arrows, price 3s. 4d.; item 2 cross- bows, price 2s.

In the Hall. Item a set of hangings, blue and white, with 3 bench covers and 6 cushions, old and worn, price 6s. 8d.; item 6 bowls with ewers. Broken, price 10s.; item a dining table with a trestle and 2 forms, price 3s. 4d.; item 2 andirons, price 6s.8d; item an iron fork with an iron rake for mending the fire, price 6d.

In the Pantry and Buttery. Item 5 cloths with 4 savenapes, 2 double towels and 5 single towels, price 20s.; a bread bin, price 6d.; item a chest without cover, price 4d.; item a slicing knife, price 2d.; item 10 spoons, price 8s.; item 4 beer barrels, price 2s.; item 4 mazer bowls, price 40s.; item a cup with its silver cover, and 3 pieces of silver, price 40s.; item 2 pairs of bottles, price 3s.; item a wooden tankard holding a gallon and one tankard holding a pottle, price 3d.; item a salt-cellar with a candlestick of tin and a copper candlestick, price 6d.

In the Kitchen. Item a brass pot and 7 others, broken, with 2 brass dishes, price 33s. 4d.; item a broken cooking-pot, price 12d.; item 2 small iron cranes, price 6d.; item a broken gridiron with a dressing knife, 6d.; item 12 platters, 12 dishes, 12 saucers of tin, worn and broken, price 5s. 8d. item a knife, item a worn and broken tipod, price 4d.; item a leaden water-tank, broken, price 18d.

In the Bakehouse and Brewhouse. Item 4 large butts, 4 smaller butts and a tun. Price 5s.; item 2 troughs, one for kneading and one for larding, price 5s.; item a moulding table, price 4d.; item a ladder, price 8d.; item a pair of trestles and a riddle for preparing beer, price 2d, with tongs; item 10 quarters of malt price 50s.; 5s. per quarter.

In the Grange. Item in the grange 10 quarters of wheat price £4. 8s. per quarter; a fan 6d.

Live Stock. Item 3 stots taking the place of cart horses, price 26s. 8d.; item 26 oxen, price £13. 10s. per head; item one young bull, 16 cows, 3 heifers, price 10 marks, 6s. 8d. per head; item 9 steers and heifers, price 45s.; 5s. per head; item 112 sheep, price £10. 3s. 4d., 20d. per head; item 298 rams, ewes and gimmers, price £18. 12s. 6d., 15d. per head; item 162 lambs of their issue, £4. 7s. 6d., 10d. per head; item 26 pigs and piglets, whereof 2 are boars, price 34s., 16d. per head; item 12 geese and ganders, price 4s., 4d. per head.

Sale of corn. Item received from the Prior of Merton £38. 16s. 6d. for 194 acres 20 perches of various sorts of corn in the fields, sold to the said Prior after Simon’s death, price 4s. per acre.

Receipts in cash. Item received from the Prior of Merton by his own hands of money due to lord Simon, £13. 6s. 8d.

Expenses about the funeral. Whereof in expenses of the Abbot of Certeseye, the Prior of Merton and other good neighbours of the district on the day of lord Simon’s burial, together with black cloth bought for the lady de Codynton and her damsel and for lord Simon’s children, and with all cash payments by others for the funeral and the anniversary day, £21. 10s.

In expenses of lady de Codynton and lord Simon’s children together with his household and the expenses of various other persons arising from the day of Simon’s death until the day of his burial, 31 days, 100s.; in expenses of the said lady as well at Suthwerk before the Bishop of Winchester and his clerks as at Westminster, St. Paul’s, in the Marshalsea and elsewhere together with her household and advisers, staying in London on various occasions for the conduct of her business, 100s. Expenses of Adam Kentissh. In expenses of Adam Kentish, one of the administrators of the goods of the said deceased designated for this by the Lord Bishop of Winchester for conducting the business with the said Bishop and others at various times, 50s.

Paid to William de Codynton, son of the said Simon de Codyndon, in money and in goods, £14. 10s., whereof for 10 quarters of wheat, 100s., 10s. per quarter, for 10 quarters of barley, 50s., 5s. per quarter for 10 quarters of oats, 40s., 4s. per quarter, as appears by an acquittance sealed with the said William’s seal at Codyngton the Thursday before the feast of SS Phillip and James the Apostles, 48 Edward III [27th April, 1374]; paid to Ralph son of the said lord Simon by acquittance, 100s.; item to Laurence, son of same lord Simon 100s. by acquittance sealed with his seal at Codyngton on the day and year above; paid to Thomas Saleman, son and heir of lord Roger Saleman, kt., £40 by acquittance sealed with his seal at Ewell the Saturday after the feast of St. Laurence, 48 Edward III [probably 12th August, 1374]; for writing the said acquittances, 2d.; paid to Nicholas de Walcombe and Alice his wife, £40 by an acquittance sealed with his seal at Woppyngethorne, Saturday after the feast of St. Paul, 49 Edward III [27th January, 1375]; paid to John Synot of Waddon, 42s. 6d. by acquittance sealed with his seal at Croidon Friday before St. John Baptist, 49 Edward III [22nd June 1375]; for writing these acquittances, 2d.; paid to John Bronnesbury, citizen of London, £4. 5s. 4d., by acquittance sealed with his seal at London on the Translation of St. Thomas in the same year [3rd July, 1375]; in writing said acquittance, 2d.; paid to John Pope, chandler and citizen of London, 26s. 8d. by acquittance sealed with his seal at London last day of September, 48th year [1374]; in writing said acquittance 2d.; paid to William Provis of Ewell 16s., by his acquittance at Ewell on the day of the Translation of St. Thomas, 49th year; in writing said acquittance 2d.; paid to John Fytz John of Kersaulton 26s. 8d., by acquittance sealed with his seal at Codynton Wednesday after the feast of the Translation of St. Thomas the Martyr, said year [11th July, 1375]; in writing said acquittance, 2d.; paid to Crispin Scot of Ewell 15s. 4d. by acquittance sealed with his seal at Ewell on the day of the Assumption of the Blessed Mary in same year [15th August]; in writing said acquittance, 2d. ; paid to Walter Godlake, renter of the Hospital of St. Katherine by the Tower of London, for arrears of rents in London, 6s. by acquittance sealed with his seal at London, on the day of St. Dunstan, 48th year [19th May, 1374]; in writing said acquittance, 2d.; paid to James Nayler of Rouhey [3]s. 4d. by acquittance sealed with the seal at Ewell on Tuesday before the feast of St. James the Apostle, in said year [18 July 1374]; in writing said acquittance, 2d.; paid to Robert de Donn of Cheyham 13s. 4d. by acquittance sealed with his seal at Codynton the last day of June, 48th year; in writing said acquittance, 2d.; paid to Adam Kentyssh for money owed to him by said lord Simon, 20s., by acquittance sealed with his seal at Codynton the last of July, 49 Edward III [1375]; in writing said acquittance 2d.; paid to Thomas Blast late steward of the lord for his wages in arrears for four years past, 53s. 4d.; paid to Richard Brok, saddler and citizen of London, money owed to him, 20s.; item to John de Garlekhuth, physician, by agreement in arrears for doctoring lord Simon 33s. 4d.; also to Blaise of Bury, skinner of London, 14s.; item to Hawise Gressyngham of London, 10s.; item to John Clerk, skinner of London 33s. 4d.; item to William Devensshire for shoes bought for lord Simon 13s. 4d.; item to Thomas Massage of Croydon. 8s.; item paid to Simon Reynham, mercer and citizen of London, 6s.; paid to Dom Walter, parson of the church of Ewell, 5s. owed by lord Simon paid to Stephen ate Newe in cash 20s., and for 1 quarter 4 bushels of barley, 7s. 6d.; item to Robert Hunte, 6s. 8d.; item to Geoffrey Croke, 15s. 6d.; item to Walter Ferour, 5s.; item to William Totenot, 2s.; item to John Heyter, 2s. 11d.; item to the Bailiff of Mordon, 13s.4d.; item to the Parson of Sutton, 6s. 8d.; item to Henry Osteler of Suthwark, 6s. 8d.

View and Survey of the Manor of Cuddington

The National Archives: E315/414/1

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The Vewe and Survey of the Manor of Codyngtone in the Countie of Surrey

Commodites. The Sciet of the saide Manor standyth one the west parte of the same very Comodiously foure mylys Frome Kyngstone and foure mylys Frome Croydone vnder and betwyxte the Clyffes and hylles all Invioreneds on the Southe parte with highe and drye grounds and greate Square Feldes parcell of the saide Manor whiche lyeth oppyne and pleyne and vaually is Sawene with Corne of all sortes very goode and fruyt ffull for the same extendyng to a sertene Comene called the Downs parcell of the saide manor. Where ys a Warrene of Conys and a Lodge vppons the same for the keper and Competently storede with game. And the saide Downe inclosyth the South parte of the saide Manor whiche ys all in highe hylles and champyone grounds lyenge and adioynynge to the Downys callede vansteds [sic] Downys belongynge to the Kynges highenesse very haylie and lyeffly for Shepe and Conyes. And abowte the same Downys be grete plenty of parteryches heyrres and Conyes in Couertes of Fyrres and geneper growynge ther very pleasunt For hawkeynge and huntynge. And the saide Drye Feldes beside the Downs conteyne Fyve hundredth and Fyftye Acres. And the Downs conteynyth a hundredth and x1 acres and extendith in length frome the Scyet to the one parte of the saide Downe thre quarters of a myle and in breadth one quarter and di. And the said Downe with other Downys perteynyng to other lordshyppeys ther adioynynge extendyth in hylles and vallys and highe Champyone grounds lying oppyne and pleyne withoute Clouser in length Four mylys and in bredeth one myle

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Wherof the moste parte ys kepte for Shepys pasture and neuer put in tyllage very pleasunte to Ryde or Walke vppone. And one the South parte of the said Downys within halfe a myle ys A commodious countrey that is a highe Sande and gravelly grounde with highe hylles inclosyds with quyck hedges and sett for the most parte with gret Couerties of woddes and Sprynges of Woode. Where ys fesaunte partryches. Fox. heyrs. gray and all kyndes of vermene very commodiously For hawkeynge ande huntynge and extendith in bredeth From the sayde Downe foure mylys and in length tene mylys.

Item one the Northe parte of the sayde Scyet lyeth all the seuerall Feldes Clossers and Croftes of medowe and pasture seueryde and devydede in diuers and Sondrye Feldes and inclosyde with quyck hedges lyenge some highe and parte lowe whiche be very goode and Fruytefull for corne or pasture and with dyuers sprynges of woode conteynyng xxx Acres lying one the owte sydes and borders of the saide pastures. And in the forsayde hedges ys A grete nomber of trees growynge and moche Couerte of thornys for the Defence of the same. Wherin ys fesaunte partryges and heyres hawntyng and vseynge gret plenty. all which Closses and Feldes Extendyng in length Frome the Sciete towardes the Northe vnto a sertens Comens called Sparroweffelde perteynynge to the saide Manor lyeng and adioynyng to the saide pasturys and inclosing the same. Whiche ys a very good and Fruitefull grounds for pasture and Lyeth in valowys and hylles and in dyuers partes of the same growyth woode wyth Couerte of thornys. Whiche Comene and pastures conteyne Six hundreth and twenty acres and extendyth in length Frome the Scyte northwest A myle. Wherof the Comene conteynyth and ys but vijxx acres.

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Item the Scyte standyth one the West parte of the said manor nyghe and adioynynge to the Churche yerde all environede abowte with highe and gret tymber trees. Whervppone standyth a fayre place well buyldede and withoute decay.

The saide Scyet ys buyldede Square abowte a lytell Courte of euery parte. Except parte of the Northe whiche ys inclosyde with a stone wall and conteynyth in length. Cxl foote and in bredeth. C Fote.

Item at the Entre into the saide Scyte ageynste the North standyth A gate housse wherin ys cone chamber and adioynynge to the same A chamber aboue and beneth the walles of tymber and coueryde with tyle.

Item the hall standyth of the Southe parte of the saide Scyte Northe and Southe and conteynyth length xxiiij foote and in breadth xviij foote. And thre parlers and Chambers buyldede square at the endes of the saide hall with oute Castes of bey wyndowys above and belowe, very plesaunte in the vewe and Shewe at the entre into the same and in the saide parler and Chamber be Chymneys very good and within the same be vij Chambers for seruantes. And in the parler standynge at the west ende of the hall ys a portal and the walles partely Sealede with waynestott. and the Chamber aboue with a goodly bey wyndowe newly caste owte of the same and well glasyde. extendynge above and belawe.

Item at the Northe ende of the hall adioynynge to the saide parler ys thre housses wyth ij small Cellers whiche visually seruede for the pantre, and botrys. Neuerthelesse at the neyther ende of the saide hall towards the Southeys twoe housesse that were vsually for the saide offyces and at the same ende of the hall ys ane entre ledyng to the Kechyne, whiche ys of a means quantyte with a doble Chymney, wherof the one ys decaye and adioynynge to

/p4/ the same pastre and twoe larder housses and in the same foure ovyns. and the well for water whiche is very goode and Clere standyth at the Kechyne dore ageynste the west with the gardens and woodyerds for the Coke.

Item one the Southe Syde of the saide hall and newe parler ys A gardene and adioynyng to the same ane orcharde wherin be trees of Dyuers fruytes conteynynge by estimacione with the Cokes gardene one Acre Di’ the walles of the saide housses of tym[ber] and coueryde with tyle.

Item at the west ende of the saide Courte standyth A lytell berne with a Stable well buyldede and for vj horses inclosyng of the northe parte of the saide courte, whiche ys seueryde with a close payle frome the forsaide innercourte. all whiche housses be edyfyede and buyldede with tymber and Coueryde wyth tyle.

Item one the Est parte of the saide Scyte ys a base yerds inclosyde wherin stondyth A berne that ys large and grete conteynynge by estimacion vijxx and xv foote in lengthe and in bredith xxxvj fote. The walles of tymber and coueryde with tyle newly and lately buyldyde the moste parte therof

Item within the vewe or xl Rode of the saide Scyet and Manor standyth Four Ferme housses wyth barnes and Stables well buyldede with tymber and Coueryde with tyle and in goode Repare wherin dwellyth and inhabiteth foure honest mene and tall persones mete and able to do the Kynges seruice whiche houses be parcell of the said manor and lettyne to Ferme wyth landes to the saide Fermers for yeres whiche Dothe lyve welthely vppon the same.

Item in the southe felde which ys a highe Dry grounde A spryng of water that issuyth owte of ane hyll foure Furlonges frome the Scyte whiche ys estemyde to be the hede of A spryng that ys curraunte at Ewell a quarter of a myle frome the same, Wherbys i j mylles goyth. And because the grounde ys not

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Caste Rounde abowte the same to oppyne the Sprynge it ys not Curraunte. And the water by estimacione of the leyvell or the grounde myghte be conveyede in Cundyth to the saide Scyte for the fall and Curraunte of the water shall dystende directly Downe the hyll to the Scyte.

The Rent of the Comodytes after the yerly valuacion

Item the lorde kepyth within the saide Manor vijc and 1 Shepe whiche wyth all the proffities and commodytes of the same ys estemyde to be worthe yerly to the sayde lorde xxvjli xiijs [?and viijd]

Item the Doufehousse Standyng nyghe to the Scyte whiche ys well Storyde wyth Dowffes and remayneth in the lords handes whiche ys worthe yerly xls.

Item ther be serteyne Cony buryes aboute the Scyte and the Seuerall pastures remaynyage in the lords handes wherin be many Conyes whiche be worthe yerly xxs.

Orcharde and Gardene

Item ther ys ane orchard and gardene lyenge one the Southe Syde of the Scyte with Dyuers Fruyte treys in the same conteynyninge by estimacione J acre whiche ys worthe yerly to be lettyne xs.

Summa xs

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Seuerall medowes remanynge in the lordes handes lyenge in the Este Cleys.

Item A serteyne Medowe callede the olde medowe conteynynge x Akers

Item A serteyne medowe callede humfreys meyde conteynynge viij Akers.

Item A medowe callede heye mede conteynynge ij akers euery aker worthe yerly to be lettyne vs.

Summa Acre xx Valor - vli

Seuerall pastures remanynge in the lords handes lyeng in the Est Clays

Item ther Remayneth serteyne Clossys Toftes and Croftes of pasture lying in Est Clays conteynyng by estimacione vjxx vij akers euery aker worthe to be lettene yerly xvjd.

Summa Acre vjxx vij Valor vijli ixs iiijd

Landes arable remanyng in the Lordes handes lyenge oppyne with oute closses in the southefelde

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Summa Pasture vjxx vij Prati xx Terre arrabilis mille

Summa totalis xiijli ixs iiijd.

Groues of woode and Sprynges Copyes remanyng in the lordes hands of the Age of xij yere and aboue.

Item A groue of woods called Newleys conteynyng by estimacyone xxti akers wherof ys wast vj acres of xij yeres Age the woode valewyde at xiiijli.

Summa Acre xx Valor xiiijli

Item A Groue Callede lytell small thornys conteynyng by estimacione iij akers of the Age of xvj yeres, And a grove of woods called great small thornys conteynying by estimacion vij Akers of the same Age wherof ys wast grounds and thornys iiij Akers and the woode therof not valewyde but assignede to the Fermors ther for ploughbote hedgebote and Cartebote whiche they shall haue by Covenaunte of theyr indentures.

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Tymber trees growynge aboute the sayde Manor and other closes belongynge to the same to the number of vc lxix euery Tree valewyde at xvjd.

Summa Trees vc lxix Valor xxxviijli xijis [?error for £37. 18. 8]

Trees For Fyre Woode

Trees For Fyre Woode growyng aboute the saide manor to the nomber of m11 iiijxx iiij euery tree valewyde at viijd. Summa Trees mI iiijxx iiij Valor xxxvjli ijs viijd.

Summa totalis iiijxx viiiili xiiijs viijd wyth xiiijli for newleys grove

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Rentes of Corne and forlandes tenements medoes and pastures lettens to Ferme For terme off yeres after valuacione

The nomber of Akers and quarters of Corne of and for the yerly Ferme of landes tenementes meadoes pastures letteneee to Ferme for terme of yeres for the thyrde Sheif hyell or shock of Corne that ys yerly sawene vppone the saide landes and the valewe of the same the whiche ys yerely ploughede earyde [sic] ande sawene repede and mawede Shokede and Caryede into the lordes barne by the tenauntes yerely at ther Costes and Charges the thyrde cock of hey and pease and the valewe therof

Johne Carpeter holdyth A mesuage wherin ys two Crosse Chambers at bothe endeswith a barne and a Stable the walles of tymber and Coueryde with tylles and the barne conteynvth byestimacione lx Foote in length and xxti in bredyth newly buyldyde with ane other barne lyke

/p10/ largenesse thatched [and (inserted)] in the Southefelde xiiijxx akers arrable [in the Southefelde (deleted)] xijxx acres pasture in the West cleys xij acres and di’ medowe and dothe eare ploughe Sawe with wheyte yerly lx akers. and xij akers withe goode Mustelyne or Rye, lxx akers with goode Seide barley, xxti akers with goode Seide ottes and doith Repe mawe and bynde and Carye the thyrde Cheif of all the forsaide Corne into the barne of the lorde ther at the coste of the saide tenaunts. Wherof the tenthe Aker Reseruyde for tythe. the thyrde aker of the Residewe belongith vnto the lorde that ys to wyt, wheyte xviij akers euery aker estemyde to bere yerly one quarter and di’ valewde yerly the quartrer at viijs. Barlye xxj akers euery aker estemyde to bere yerly ij quarters. valewyde yerly the quarter iiijs vjd. Barlye ixs mastlyne or Rye iij Akers euery aker estemyde yerly [to bere (inserted)] ij quarters valewyde yerly the quarter vjs Rye xijs, Ottes vj akers and di’ euery aker estemyde to bere yerly one quarter and di’ valewyde yerly the quarter ijs viijd. Summa Ottes xxiiijs.

Item the seide Johne Carpenter Sawyth yerly iij akers of pease wherof one aker ys to the lorde whiche conteynyth one quarter price iijs vjd ob.qa. the tythe alowyde and hathe the yerely x loodes of hay wherof iij lodes ys to the lorde price the lode vjs. Summa xviijs.

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Wheyt xviij quarter xxvij price the quarter viijs. Summa ixli xviijs. Barly xxj quarter xlij price the quarter iiijs vjd. Summa ixli ixs. Rye iij and di’ quarter vj price the quarter vjs. Summa xlijs. Ottes vj quarter ix price the quarter ijs viijd. Summa xxiiijs Pease j quarter j price the quarter iijs vjd. Acre ob. qa. Summa iijs vjd. ob. qa Hey iij lode loode iij price vjs. Summa xviijs.

Summa Totalis xxiijli xiiijs vjd. ob.qa.

Thomas Blake holdythe a housse with Crosse Chamber at euery ende well buyldyde A barne A Stables wyth a gatehousse at the entre into the same walles of tymber and Coueryde with slayte and tylles And A barne parts thatchede and 1 akers of Seuerall pasture lyinge in the Est clays ij Seuerall Clossys in Southfelde and vjxx akers arrable lande lyeng in Southfelde in dyuersFurlonges wherof he aswyth yerly xxx akers with goods sede wheyte. x akers with goode sede Rye or Mastlyne xl akers with goode sede barly.x Akers with goods sede ottes. And the seydeThomas shall Repe the the [sic] saide Corne and Carys the same yerly into the lordes barne at hys propre costes and charges in lyke maner and Forme as John Carpenter doythe and in lyke maner thethyrde loode and Cock of hey and pease. Wherof the tenthe Aker Shock and Cock reseruyde for the tythe. the thyrde aker of the residew belongeth vnto the lords that ys to wytt. Wheyte ix Akers barley xij acres ottes iij Akers Rye one aker euery aker estemyde and quarter valewyde accordyngand after the Rate aforsaide. pease one acre priceouer and besydes the tythe - iijs vjd. ob. hay iij lode. the thyrde one lode to the lorde price vs ouer and besydes the tythe.

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Summa Acrarum Wheyt ix quarters xiij di price viijs. Summa vli viijs. Barlye xij quarters xxiiij price iiijs vjd. Summa vli xiiijs. Ottes iij quarters iiij di price ijs viijd. Summa xijs. Rye j quarters ij price vjs. Summa xxxvjs. [sic] pease j quarters j price iijs vjd qa besydes tythe hay j lode haye j lode price vs. besydes Tythe

Summa totalis xiijli xviijs vjd ob. qa.

Item Thomas Fenner holdith A housse buyldyde wyth tymber and Coueryde wyth tyle with a barne a lytle Close callede lytle hays conteynyg iij acres a lytle parcell of pasture callede pope hayse conteynyng iij acres and xiiij akers arrable lande lyeng in Southfelds and payethe yerly xls.

Item Johne Stonne holdyth a house with a Crosse Chamber newly buyldyde with tymber and coueryde with tyles. xiiij acres londe arrable in southefelde and they pasture of two kyene in the lordes pasture and payeth yerly xxiijs iiijd. Deductyde for the seide pasture vjs viijd – xvjs viijd.

Item Thomas Mollyng holdyth to Ferme the warrene of Conys lyenge in Southefelde vppone the Downys and payeth yerly for the same vnto the lorde iijli.

Summa vli xvjs viijd.

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Rentes of the tenauntes that holde lands and tenements by Free dede of the sayde Manor

Item the lady Seynt Johnys Wedowe Claymeth to holde by Free deed of the saide manor xxxiiij Acres of lande lyenge wythin the said manor whiche the lords and hys auncetors hathe holdene to Ferme many yeres of the saide lady and hyr Auncetors by the Rent of xs and payeth yerely to the lorde for the same iijs iiijd

Wherof x akers lyeth to gethers one the southe west syde of Sparrowfelde next the lorde of Codyngtone Southe and Northe.

Item Ane acre lyeng at the hede of babforowe

Item lij halfe acres lyeng in otebreche.

Item halfe ane Acre ther in Myddelfurlong

Item v acres lyeng in tene akers.

Item ij acres lyeng by the hay next the hedge Extendyng Northe and Southe.

Item ane Acre lyeng in hye felde

Item ane Acre lyeng in Southefelde nere peasebushe

Item ane Acre and di’ to gethere lyeng in Wasynhyll

Item ane Acre in Wheyte londs

Item iiij Acres in Hauell

Item x Acres lyeng aboue Codyngtone felde next the Furrys there.

Item ane Acre next banstede way ther And payeth yerly to the lorde for the same. [iijs iiijd (deleted)]

/p14/

Item Rycharde Braye holdyth iij halfe Acres of lande lyeng in the Southefelde of Codyngtone ande howell furlonge and payeth yerly vjd.

Item the prior of mertene holdyth [revised to claimyth to hold] Frely A barne lxxxiij Acres lande Arrable and xl acres pasture lyeng within the saide Manor as glebe lands of the [saide (deleted)] parsonage ther whiche the lorde of the saide manor and hys auncetors hathe holdene in Farme of the saide prior and hys predecessore by the space of xl yeres.

Wherof one Acre lyeth in the Merlonde alias Maltpytt.

Item ij Roddes and vij dayes workes in westcrofte

Item ij Roddes and vij dayes workes in Northcrofte

Item one Rode ij dayes and di’ in Kednoteshatche

Item haalfe ane Acre in trottesworth furlong

Item xj Acres in lij peces at Tunaker.

Item vij Acres in iiij peces at Otbreche.

Item ane Acre in one pece at heye Crofte

Item iiij Acres and one Rode and vij dayes works in lij peces lyenge at Shortferne alias Waterfere

Item viij Acres and di’ lyeng in ij peces at Wheytlonde

Item ij Acres and A Rodde and v dayes werkes in one other pece ther at Wheytlonde.

Item iij Acres lyeng in one pece at oldemeyde

Item viij Acres lyeng in one pece at oldemeyde

Item one Acre and di’ lyeng at fesynghull

Item one Acre and di’ lyeng in oldenmeyde

/p15/

Item iij Roodes lyeng at Streytfurlong

Item one Acre and A Rode lyeng at oldemeyde

Item one Acre and a Rode lyeng at the lynk and ij dayes werkes

Item ij Rodde lyeng at the lynk

Item iij Rodde and v dayes werkes lyeng at the hese

Item v acres lyeng at hasell wherof iiij Acres lyeth in ij peces and ane acre in ane other pece

Item xiij Acres iij Rodes and ij dayes works lyeth at the Furlong callede Merkfurlonge.

Item ij Acres lyeng at Sonnyng dewe in iij peces

Item one Acre lyeng in Sonnynge in one pece

Item one Acre and di’ lyeng at Murydell

Item iij Acres lyeng at blachmelde

Item ij Acres lyeng at Hotelande

Item one Acre and di’ lyeng at Kyngthorne

Item one Acre and di’ lyeng at the Stonys

Item one Acre lyeng at Cheldene

Item on Acre ij Rodes lyeng at Shortyforne

Item ij Rode lyeng at the buttes

Item ij Acres lyeng at Woodlynk

Item ij Roddes lyeng at Averham

Item j Acre lyeng at Mesedene

Item iij Acres lyeth in pece of lande called the gores

Item iij Acres lyeng in water Slayde

Item iiij Acres and di’ lyeng at hodene

Item x Acres and di’ lyeth at Ferne Hull

Item ij Roddes lyeng at plomtrowe

/p16/

Item one Acre lyeng at Bentone

Item one Acre lyeng in pusfurlonge

Item one Acre lyeng in Berefurlonge

Item one Acre lyeng at Brambylhyll

Item one Acre and di’ lyeng in Brambylhyll

Item one Crofte next the brode water

Item one Acre with A bere Acre lyeng by the streit

Summa acrarum [vjxx iij (deleted and the following note interlined) Item Mister lyle holdith j acre di’ yeldyng yerly ―]

Item Master Furmane holdith A Closse of pasture conteynyg iij Acres lying bytwixt Southfelde And the highe wey ledyng From Ewell vnto Cheyme and payeth yerly ijd.

Item Thomas Quydyngtone holdyth by Free dede ij halfe acres of lande [by Free dede lyenge (deleted)] the one lyeng vppone bramblehyll and the other in howell j acre

Thomas Fenner Claymeth to holde ane acre of londe by Free dede lyeng in Southefelde [Marginal note: ‘Md. that the Wardene of mertene Colledge Claimyth [?xx (deleted)] xij acres as parcell of hys manor of Malden [?wych] ys not here Charged in the holdyng of the lord of quydyngtone’]

Thomas Comptone holdyth A mesuage and C acres of lande lyeng in the parysshe of Maldene and payeth yerly vjd and suyte of Courte and A payre of spurrys vjd.

[Note interlined: Item Marshall of Cheme holdith viij acres yeldynge by yer ―]

Summa of Acres [vjxx xjj (deleted) vltra terram Compton’] Rentes iiijs vjd.

Summa totallis iiijxx vjli vjs xjd ob.

/p17/

Rent Resolute and other charges goynge owte of the same Maner.

Item the inhabitaunce of the saide Manor dothe yerly pay at the Shreyfturne holdene at Ester and Mighelmas xijs. Wherof vjs ys payde yerly by the lorde of the saide Manor.

Summa vjs.

Summa totallis of the Clere [yerly (inserted)] valor of all the premisses iiijxx vjli jd. ob.

[Tenure (deleted)]

Summa valoris Woodes, Trees lxxxxviijli xiiijs viijd.

Tenure

The sayde lordeshyppe ys holdene of master Rawley of Warwyk as of hys Manor by a Rede Rosse as the lorde saythe

Item all the tenauntes of the saide Manor holdyth theyr forsaide landes by theyr forsaide Rentes and theyr seruice of Fealty and suyte to the lordes Courte

/p18/

Patronage

Item ther ys A vycar endowed ther and the patronage therof belongith to the prior of mertene by the vertue of the parsonage. the whiche ys impropriat to the saide place. And the Fermor of the saide parsonage hathe all maner tythes wythin the saide parysshe and payeth yerly to the vycar viijli in money and xls to the prior.

Waste and decayes

Item all the housses barnes Stables and other housses necessarye belongynge to the lorde of the saide Manor be well and competently reparede Saveng sertene housses wherin Thomas blake dwellyth in whiche will Coste to be well reparede vjli xiijs iiijd.

For edefyeng or buyldyng vppone the saide manor

Item the Quarres of Frestone be within v mylles of the saide Manor and a loode of stone wyll Coste to be Caryede frome the quarre to the saide Manor xvjd.

Item ther be gret Chalke pyttes wythin a quarter of a myle of the saide Manor and a loode wyll Coste to be caryede to the saide manor iiijd.

/p19/

The vewe and Survey

The Rent of the Comodytes of the saide Manor after the yerely valuacione

Item the douffehousse standyng next to the Scyte whiche ys well Storede with Douffys and Remayneth in the Lordes handes and ys worthe yerly xls.

Item ther bene serteyne Conyburyes about the Scyte and the Seuerall patures Remanynge in the Lordys handes wherin be Conyes bredyng whiche bene worth yarly xxs.

Orcherde and Gardene

Item ther ys ane Orcharde and garden lyenge one the South Syde of the Scyte with dyuers fruyte trees in the same conteynynge by estimacione one Aker whiche ys worthe yerly to be lettyne xs.

/p20/

The number of Akers of meyde and the valewe

Item A Medowe Callede the longe meyde conteynynge xv Akers.

Item A meyde called humfreysmeyde conteynynge viij Akersj

Item A meyde callede haye ) mede conteynyng i j Akers.

Item A meyde callede Olde meyde conteynyng x Akers.

Item A meyde callede the lytle olde meyde conteynynge ij Akers. euery Aker worthe yerly to be lettyne vs.

Acre xxxvij Valor ixli vs.

The nomber of Akers of pasture inclosses [sed (deleted)]

Item one the Northe parte of the saide Scyte lyeth Seuerall Closes and Croftes of pasture whiche be very goode For Corne and grasse and inclosede wyth quyk hedges an conteynyth by estimacione CCC lxxxxiij acres euery aker worth yerly to be lettyne xvjd.

Acre iijc iiijxx xiij Valor xxvjli iiijs.

The nomber of Akers ([arrable land (inserted)] and the valewe lyeng in Southe felde inclosyde

Item A[kers (deleted)] Close callede berefurlong conteynynge xvj Akers.

Item A Close callede the Asshes conteynynge xj Akers

Item A Close lyeng next to the same conteynynge vij Akers euery Aker worthe yerly to be lettyns xijd.

Acres xxxiiij Valor xxxiiijs

/p21/

The number of Akers Arrable not inclosyde

Item one the Southe Syde of the saide scyte ys highe and dry landes very fruitefull and goode for all maner of Corne and ys seuerede and deuydyde from the seuarall pastures by the highe wey that ledyth betwix Ewell and Cheyme the whiche ys From the Scyte xl Roods and in the saide Felde the lorde hathe perteynyng to the saide Manor CCC lxxxvj Akers euery aker worth yerly to be lettyne xijd. Acre CCC iiijxx vj Valor xixli vjs

The nomber of Akers of the Comene Downe

Item the saide Downe lyeth At the furthest parte of the manor ageynate the Southe vppone A hyll nyghe adioynyng to Banstede Downe whervppone groweth Furrys and Jeneper the whiche ys very proffitable and goode for Shepe and Conyes and conteynyth by estimacione vijxx Akers valewyde euery aker vjd. Acre vijxx Valor lxxs.

/p22/

The nomber of Akers in the Comene of Sparrowfelde

Item the saide Comene ys A fruitefull grounde for pasture and lyeth commodyously by the landes of the saide lordshippe callede the Cleys one the Northe whiche belongith to the saide lordshippe contenynynge by estimacyone vijxx acres euery acre worth yerly xvjd. Acre vijxx Valor ixli vjs viijd.

The nomber of Akers of Copyes and Sprynges of Woode and the valewe

Item A grove called Neweleys conteynynge xxti Akers and A grove of woode callede lytle small thornys conteynynge iij Akers and a nother grove callede gret Small thornys lyeng in the Feldes callede Cleys conteynynge vij akers euery aker valewyde yerly xijd.

Rentes of the Tenauntes holdynge lands and tenements of the said manor by Fre Deede.

Item the lady seint Johnys Wydowe claymeth to holde by Free Deade of the saide manor xxxiiij Akers of lande lyeng within the saide manor and payeth yerly to the lorde for the same. iijs iiijd.

/p23/

Item Rycharde Bray holdyth ij halfe Akers of lande lyeng in the southfelde of Codyngtone and in howell furlonge and payeth yerly vjd. vjd.

Item the prior of mertene holdeth holdyth [revised to claimyth to hold] frely A barne iiijxx iij acres londe arrable and xl akers pasture lyeng within the sayde manor as glebe lande of the parsonage ther wythoute any Rent payeng

Item Master Furmane holdith a close of pasture conteynynge iij akers lyeng bitwixt Southefelde and the highe wey leadyng Frome Ewell vnto Cheyme and payeth yerly ijd.

Item Thomas Quydyngtone holdith by Free Deade ij halfe akers of lande the one lying vppone Bramley hyll and the other in howell

Item Thomas Fenner claymeth to holde ane Aker lande by Free Deade lyeng in Southfelde

Item Thomas Comptone holdyth a messuage and a C akers lande lyeng in the parysshe of Maldene and payethe yerly vjd. and sute of Courte and A payre of Spurrys vjd.

/p24/

Rent resolate

Item the Inhabitaunce of the saide manor Dothe yerly pay at the Shref turne holdyne at Ester and myghelmas xijs wherof vjs ys payde yerly to [sic] the lords of the Manor vjs.

Summa totalis – lxxiiijli xs ijd. Summa of the Rent Resolute vjs.

Summa totallis of the Clere yerly valew of all the premises lxxiiijli iiijs ijd

/p25/

The valuacion of woode growyng in Copyes

Item the Copyes of woode callede newe lease grove of the Age of xij yeres conteynynge by estimacione xxti Akers wherof ys waste vj acres. and the woode of the Residewe valewyde at xiiijli. xiiijli.

Item the Copyes of woode callede small thornys conteynynge [added at foot of page iij acres and the Copyes of woode callede gret thornys contenynynge] vij acres of the Age of xiiij yere wherof ys wast grounds iiij acres and the woode therof not valewyde but assignede to the Farmers for ther hedgebote plougbot and Cartebote.

The nomber of tymber trees and the valew

Item the trees For tymber standyng and growyng aboute the saide Manor to the nomber of vc lxix euery tree valewyde at xvjd. trees vc lxix valor xxxviijli xijs.

The nomber of trees for Fyre woode

Item Trees for Fyre woode growynge and standynge withine the saide Manor vewyde to the nomber of mii iiijxx iiij euery tre valewyde at viijd. trees mii iiijxx iiij valor xxxvili ijs viijd.

Summa [Valoris (inserted)] of all the Forsayde woodes and trees lxxxviijli xiiijs viijd.

/p26/

Tenure

Item the saide Lordshippe ys holdene of Master Rawley of Warwyk as of hys Manor by a Rede Rose as the lorde sayeth.

Item all the Tenauntes of the saide manor holdith theirs forsaide landes by theyr forsaide Rentes. and theyr seruice off Feaulte and sute to the lordes Courte

Patronage

Item ther ys a vycar endowede ther of the patronage wherof belongth to the prior of Martene by the vertue of the parsonage the whiche ys impropriat to the saide place. And the Fermor of the saide parsonage hathe all maner of tythes wythin the saide parysshe and payeth yerly to the vycar viijli in money and xls to the prior. Survey of the Manor of Nonsuch, 1538

Surrey History Centre: 2238/10/157

The Manour of Nonesuche Otherwise Codingtonne In the Countie of Surr’

The extent viewe and [?Survey] of the manor aforesaid wythe thappurtenaunces taken and made by […] Surveyor and Receivour generall of all the kinges purchased landes the xxjst day of November. In the yere of the reigne of our Souereigne lorde Henry by the grace of God of England and of Fraunce king defender of the Faith Lord of Ireland and on Earth supreme head of the Church of England thirtie

Landes taken into the kinges parcke there

The parissh of Codington In primis of pasture grounde purchased of Richard Codington CCxlti acres with xvj acres parcell therof claymed by John Saynt John as his freholde at xvjd the acre – xvjli Also xvj acres medowe purchased of the said Codington at vs the acre – iiijli Also certain groves of woode purchased of the said Codington that is to say Newleis conteinyng x acres little small Thorne. conteinyng lij acres grate small thorn conteinyng vij acres in thole at xijd le acre – xxxs Also a pastur called popecleys purchased of the said Codington in the tenure of Thomas Fenner conteinyng iij acres at xvjd le acre – iiijs Also a [tenement purchased of the said Codington late in the tenure of — – xs] Also a Comen pastur called Sparefeild conteinyng by estymacion Cxl acres at xvjd le acre per annum – ixli vjs viijd Also of the landes of the late monasterie of Marten C acres of pastur at xvjd le acre – vjli xiijs iiijd xxxvijli iiijs

In the parisshe of Ewell Also of the landes of the said late monasterie in the said parisshe of [?Ewelme] C acres [at xvjd] the acre – vjli xiijs iiijd Also a tenement in the parisshe of Ewelle aforesaid xxj acres of errable land at xvjd the acre iiij acres medowe at vs le acre of the freholde of Richard Saunders gentilman and late in the tenur of Richard Lucas paieng – lxxjs iiijd Also a seuerall close of the freholde of Edward Martyn gentilman conteinyng v acres errable lande at xvjd the acre one with another one acre medowe vs in thole – xjs viijd Also a close of the freholde of John Saynt John. conteinyng xx acres at xvjd thacre – xxvjs viijd Also two acres of medowe parcell of the said manor of Ewell at vs the acre – xs xijli xiijs

In the parrishe of malden Also of the freholde belonging to marten colledge in Oxforde. lxxij acres of pasture at, xijd the acre – lxxijs Also a grove of woode conteinyng xxj acres at xijd thacre one with an other – xxjs Also of the freholde of Thomas Compton lij acres of pastur at xijd thacre – lijs vijli v s

[Total] lviijli ijs the Scite of the manor In primis the Scite of the manor adioynyng to the said parcke which nowe ys in buylding by our Souereign lord the king with a Dovehouse xli Orchard xs and conyburies xxs aboute the same – xls – which Scite and other howses is not here valued for that the same ys [?reserued] and kept in the kinges hande – nihil causa qua inscripta

Landes taken into the saide parcke

Seuerall pastures in the lordes handes In primis a pasture called Hayes conteinyng xx acres. a pasture called Burton Cleys conteinyng xij acres / the cley lyeing bitwene the lordship of Chayne and the drifte waye conteinyng xxiij acres / a Close adioynyng to the same vpon the South parte conteinyng xij acres. a pasture called Eysyng conteinyng xvj acres. an other close adioynyng to the same conteinyng xiij acres. a close called humphreys conteinying v acres. a close called pittefeyld conteinyng xiiij acres. a close called [Brodefeld] conteinyng xij acres / a close called medowe feilde conteinyng x acres. a close called peartree close conteinyng vij. acres. in thole. Cxlviij acres euery acre valued one with an other at xvd – Summa ixli xvijs iiijd

Errable land in the lordes handes in the comen feildes Also there is of errable grounds lieng on the south side of the said manor a Close called Berecrofte with Diuers parcelles of errable lande lieng in the comen Feilde there called the sowth feilde late occupied with the manor by Richard Codington in his owne handes with xviij acres claymed by John Seynt John to be his Freholde. Cx acres euery acre valued one with an other at viijd in thole – lxxiijs iiijd

Seuerall pasture in the said Thomas hands Thomas Carpenter holdith a tenement with a close thereto adioynyng called Estrey conteinyng xv acres euery acre valued one eith an other at xvjd – xxs The same holdith in the said comen Feilde called the Southefeilde lieng in diuers Furlonges in the same CCxv acres price the acre yeirly viijd in thole – vijli iijs iiijd seuerall pasturs in the said Thomas handes Thomas Blake holdeth a mease with iij seuerall Closses. lieng in Eastcleyes conteinyng xxxij acres euery acre valued one with an other at xvjd – xlijs viijd The same holdith of errable lande in seuerall parcelles in the said comen Feildes called the South feilde conteinyng by estymacion Cxv acres euery acre valued one with an other at viijd in thole – lxxvjs viijd

Also Thomas Fenner holdithe a [mease] with [?xiij] acres of errable lande lieng in the saide feylde called Southfeylde of the yeirly value of – xvjs Also there is belonging vnto the saide manor a medowe remaynyng oute of the parcke which was occupied in the lordes owne handes conteinyng xx acres price thacre one acre with an other vs in thole – Cs Also there is belonging vnto the said Manor a warren of Conyes being vpon the lordes waste called the Downes which was late in the tenure of Thomas Mollyng paieng therefore by year – lxs . Also. the ferme of the parsonage. there that is to says lx acres of gleibe Land latelye occupied by maister Coddington. at viijd thacre xls / the Tithe CCCxl acres errable lands when it is sowen. wherof is yeirly sowen one half. Clxx acres xls with haye xx acres medowe. xs / tithe woll and tythe lambe and other small Tithe communibus annis. xxs in thole – Cxs xlj xixs iiijd the comen downe Also the comen Downe adioynyng to Stansted [sic] Downe conteynyng by estimacion Cxl acres and valued in the Survey at lxxs. which Downe ys not here valued. for that the same ys assighned to the Freholders and Tenantes of Coddington. to be in comon in recompence of the Comen of Sparowfeild taken into the parcke and here not valued. for that the said Tenantes cannot maynteign their Tenantries and fermes without the same Comen – nil

Rent of assizes Richard Bray holdith one acre and half of lande errable lieng in Southfeyld of Codington. and yn howell furlong and paieth yerelye – vjd Maister Forman holdith a Close conteynyng iij acres. lieng bitwene Southfeyld and the highe waye leding frome Ewell Chayme. and paieth by yeire – ijd Maister Lysle. holdith as in the right of his wyf one acre and half of grounds errable called Howell furlong and paieth by yeire – vjd Thomas Codington holdith one acre grounds errable lieng in howell Furlonge and paieth by yeire – ijd William Marsshall holdith. viij acres grounde errable lieng in Eastmark furlonge and paieth yeirlie – ijd John Saynt John. holdith one acre grounde errable lieng in Eastmarkefurlonge and paieth yeirlie – nil xviijd

Summa totalis manerij predicti Cli ijs xd

[On cover] A Survey of the Mannor of Nonsuch alias Cuddington and Several Extracts in the Court of Augmentations first Fruits and the Rolls and other papers relating to the Rectory of Cuddington in Com. Surry Surrender of the Rectory of Nonsuch, 15 March 1539

Letters and Papers of Henry VIII 14i p256 From the National Archives: C66/685

Wm Cooper, of Westminster, and Cecilia his wife. Grant in fee (for £510 6s 8d and in consideration of the said Wm. Having surrendered to the crown his term of 30 years of the manor of Ewell, Surrey, and also the term of the rectory of Nonsuche, Surr.) of house and site of the late priory of Thurgaton, Notts. [and other lands]. Lease to Sir Ralph Sadlier of the Manors of Ewell, Banstead and Walton-on-the-Hill, 1541

Surrey History Centre: LM/345/109

Hec Indentura facta inter excellentissimum Principem et Supremum [?] Dominum dictum Hemricum octauum dei gratia Anglie et Francie Regem fidei defensorem et Dominum Hibernie et in terra supremum caput anglicane ecclesie ex vna parte et Radulfum Sadlier militem vnum Secretariorum domini Regis ex altera parte Testatur quod idem dominus Rex per advisamentum consilij curie Augmentacionum reuencionum Corone nostre tradidit concessit et ad firmam dimisit prefato Radulfo Sadlier Maneria sua de Banstede et Walton super montem in Comitia Surrie Ac omnia mesuagia orrea stabula et alia edificia terras tenementa prata pascuas pasture bruere boscos et subboscos redditos reuenciones seruicia Cure letas vis’ franca plegia ac omnia et singula alia iura proficua commodit’ et hereditat’ quecumque cum pertinentiis in Banstede et Walton predict’ ac alibi vbicunque in Comitia predicta eisdem manerijs siue eorum alicui quoquo modo spectan’ et pertinen’ aut et membra vel parcella eorundem maneriorum aut eorum alicuius habit’ cognit’ seu reputat’ existen’ Exceptis tamen semper et dicto domino Regi heredibus et Successoribus suis omnino reseruat omnibus grossis arboribus et boscis de in et supra premissis cressentibus et existentibus. Ac aduocacionibus ecclesiarum et vicarium quarumcunque Tradidit etiam dictus dominus Rex et per presentem ad firmam dimisit prefato Radulfo Sadleir militi totum illud Scitum manerij de Ewell in Comitia Surrie vltra certe parcella terre inde infra parcum de Nonesuche modo inclus’ simul cum orreo vno gardino vno pomerio et diuersis edificijs superstant’ Ac cum Centum et quinquaginta et septem acris et dimidium terre arabilis et pasture eidem pertinen’ et spectan’ iacen’ et existen’ in diuersis separalis parcellis Et cum nonem acris prati iacen’ in Kinges mede talworth meade et maldon meade modo in occupacione et tenuria Humfredi Crowder exceptis tamen semper et dicto domino Regi heredibus et Successoribus suis omnino reseruat’ omnibus grossis arboribus de et super premissis crescentibus et existentibus Habendum et tenedum predicta maneria de Banstede Walton et Ewell ac omnia predicta mesuagia terras et tenementa ac cetera omnia et singula premissa superius specificata cum pertinentiis exceptis preexcept’ prefato Radulfo Sadleir et assignatis suis a festo sancti Michaelis Archangeli vltimo preterite vsque finem terminum et per terminum viginti et VIIIus annorum extunc prox’ sequen’ et plenar’ complend’ Reddendum inde annuatim dicto domino regi heredibus et Successoribus suis quadraginta et octo libras legalis monete Anglie videlicet pro predictis Manerijs de Banstede et Walton ac predictis mesuagiis terries tenementis et ceteris premissis eisdem manerijs pertinen’ et spectan’ quadraginta et duas libras. Et pro predicto Scitu manerij de Ewell ac predicto orreo gardino pomerio edific’ terris et ceteris premissis in tenura dicti Humfredi Crowder vt prefertus existen’ sex libras ad festa Annunciacionis beate Marie virginis et sancti Michaelis Archangelis vel infra vnum mensem post vtrumque festum festorum illorum ad Curiam predictam equalis porcionibus annuatim soluend’ durante termino predicto Et predictus dominus Rex vult et per praesentes concedit quod ipse heredes et Successores sui dictum Radulfum Sadlier et assignatos suos de omnibus redditis feodis annuitatis et denariorum [summis?] quibuscumque de premissis seu de aliqua inde parcella [ex?] seu soluend’ pre […edon’] superius per presentes reseruat’ versus quascumque personas de tempore in tempus exonerabunt acquietabunt et defendent durante termino predicto Ac etiam competen’ et sufficien’ maerenium ad reperacionem domorum et edificiorum omnium premissorum necessar’ de tempore in tempus inuenient et inuenire facient durante termino predicto Et predictus Radulfus Sadleir concedit per praesentes quod ipse et assignati sui omnes alias reparaciones premissorum pret’ maerenium praedictum reparacionem dictorum premissorum de tempore in tempus supportabunt et sustinebunt durante termino predicto Et predictus dominus Rex vult et per presentes concedit quod bene licebit praefato Radulfo Sadlyer et assignatis suis de tempore in tempus capere percipere et habere de et in et super premissis per superuisionem et assignacionem Superuisorum et aliorum offic’ quorum domini Regis ibidem pro tempore existen’ competen’ et sufficien’ maeremium pro reparacionibus domorum et aliorum edificiorum predictorum Ac etiam competen’ et sufficien’ hedgebote firebote ploughbote Cartebote et ffoleebote pro firmar’ ibidem et non alibi expendend’ et occupand’ durante termino predicto Prouiso tamen semper quod si contigerit predictum Redditum a retro fore non solutum per spacium vnae mensis post aliquem diem solucionis inde superius limitat’ si debito modo petatus quod tunc presens dimissio vacua sit et pro nulla habeatus aliquo clauso in presenti Indentura specificato in contrarium inde non obstan’ In Cuius rei testimonium vni parti huius Indenture penes prefatum Radulfum remanen’ predictus Dominus Rex Sigillum Curie predicte ad huiusmodi scriptum sigilland’ deputat’ mandauit apponi’ [Altera?] vero parti eiusdem Indenture penes eundem dominum Regem residen’ prefatus Radulfus Sadleir sigillum suum apposuit Datum apud Westmonasterium vicesimo quinto die Junijb Anno regni nostri tricesimo tercio [25 June 1541]

Estimate for Seven Weeks’ Work at Hampton Court and Oatlands, and Five Weeks’ Work at Nonsuch

British Library: MS Royal Appendix 89 (formerly Cotton Appendix XXVIII)

/ff. 67r, 67v, and 68r/

An Estymate for vij wekes ending the iiijth daye of June Anno Regni Regis Henrici Viijvi xxxlijo

Hampton Courte [includes mention of Oatlands] Masons occupide in hewynge dores wyndowes chymneys and batlinge for Otlandes and batlinge aboute the walles of the gardenes next Thames by Estimaconx xviij in Arg’ – xlviijli [also] Laborers… and making of a waye at Coye Dyche besydes Otlandes to the bryge there [In other words, some stone work for other sites was being prepared at Hampton Court, and some of the labourers were moved about]

Somm CCCCC iiijxx iijli xs

/f. 68v/

Oatlands £ Bricklayer, Masons, Carpenters, Sawyers 150 Labourers 75 Cartes 20 Purchase and carriage of timber 140 Scaffold poles 2 lath 5 tile 20 lyme 7 hair 2 Tile pins 1 10s planche board 4 purchase making carriage and setting up of pale 203 Sundries 2 Ironwork 6 £637 10s 0d

/f. 69r/

Nonesuche for v wekes Carpenters in nombre lxx Argent – lxxli Sawyers xx Argent – xvli Carvers vppon’ pendentes and barge Coples vj Argent – vli Moden’ and his Company workinge uppon’ Slate vj Argent – vjli Kendell and his company occupiede in makinge of moldes for the walles xxiiij Argent – xxli Bryck makers xxx xxvli Plaisterers and Bricklayers vi Argent – lxxs Laborers xx xli Laborers at Marten occupied in settinge fourthe stuff redy to be Caryed viij iiijli Cane stone xvjli lathe – x lodes vli here – v lodes xxs bordes vli Cariage of tymbre vijli Cartes by the daye iiijli Carriage of wod to the bricke kyll xli Wayneskotte xvjli

Somma Totalis CC xxijli xs

/f. 69v/

Somma Totalis of all the charges of Hampton Courte Otlandes and Nonesuche by estimacion Ml CCCC xliijli xs

Mr lorde we pray youe to make Sute for this forsaid Some So that ye maye be at Otlandes uppon Wednesdaye at nyghte and to paye there upon Thursdaye next uppon frydaye at Hampton Courte and uppon Saturday whitson even at Nonesuch from hampton Court this presente ascencion daye Anno Regni Regis Henrici VIIIvi xxxiijo

Rich. Benese Surveyor

D. Marten Comptroller

Accounts and receipts for Sir Ralph Sadler, 1542

Surrey History Centre: LM/838 See 7th Report of the Historical Manuscripts Commission (1879) p602 col.a

The Accompt and declaracion of John Skynner concernyng suche Revenuys and profytes as he hath Recevid and takyn to thuse of sir Raff Sadleyr knyght of the manors of Nonesuche Bansted and Walton and also of a tenement and other lands in Maldon togedir with other Fees of the same sir Raffe Sadleyr for a hole yere endid at the fest of sent Mighell tharchangell [in 34 Henry VIII, i.e. 1542]…

In primis he chargith hym selff with suche Rentes as he hath Recevid at Nonesuche and of a tenement and certen landes in Malden Ouer and aboue xlli iijs vjd payed vnto the kynges Majestie for Fearme of the landes there – iiijli xvjs iiijd… at Bansted and Walton – vijli ixs viijd ob.

Perquisites and Profits of the Courts of Bansted and Walton – vijli xviijs viijd

Item for the Fee of the Stewerdship of the Manor of Nonesuche and oder for a hole yere at the seyd fest – Cs

Item for the Fee of the Baylywike of the seyd manor and oder – Cs

Item for the Fee of the kepyng of the place of Nonesuche for one hole yere – lxs xd

Item for the Fee of the keyping of the wardrobe there for one yere – ixli ijs vjd

Item for the Fee of the kepyng of the Orchardes and gardyns there for one yere – vjli xxd

Item for the kepyng of the parke there for one yere – vjli xxd

Summa of the Charge – liiijli xjs iiijd ob.

Wherof the seyd John askyth allowance of vjli xxd by hym payd to the keepers of Nonesuche parke that is to witt William Tanner and Symon Cavell for ther hole yeris Fee due at the fest aboueseyd… Understeward at Banstead and Walton – xxs John Skynner’s fee – iiijli Expenses of the steward at the time of keeping the lawdays and courts at Banstead and Walton – viijs viijd

Sum of allowances – xjli xs iiijd Remains due –-xliijli xiijd ob.

Nicholas Modena at Nonsuch, 1542–4

Surrey History Centre: LM/837

The Last daye of September Anno Regis H. viij. xxxiiijo

Nonesuche

Payd vnto Nicolas Modenna the daye and yere aboue wrytten For mastkye vernyshe and oyle with other necessaryes for the pollishing settyng and vernyshing of all those sayd guylte peces to presserue them from wether – viijli

The ijd Daye of September anno xxxv

Item to Nicolas modenna in Full contentacion and payment aswell for the guylding and hatching of dyuers peces of the kynges armes badges Roses batons and other devyces cutte and kervyd in slate for the garnyshing of tymber worke of the kynges manor of Nonesuche as also coulors mastyke vernyshe patrons and all other his demaundes and requestes and then A clere rekenyng and payment to and with the saide Nicholas made in the endyng of the ijd Daye of September Furst for the guyldyng of xlviij batons cont. xviij fote square Item for the guyldyne of xxxjt grete Roses cont xxxt fote square Summa totalis lxiiij fote at xvjd the fote – iiijli vs iiijd

The Last payment was made vnto the kervers of Slate the xxijti of Decembre in the xxxvti yere of the reigne of owr sayd soueregne Lorde the kyng

The First days of Nouemer anno Regis xxxvjto

Nicolas Modena and dyuers other workmen in Slate wrought some iij dayes and some vj dayes in the paye ending the daye and yers aboue wrytten

And they wrought there from the said Furst Daye of November vntill the xxiijti Daye of Maye Ao xxxvjto conteyning in all vij monethes makyng ijC. iiij Dayes

[on verso]

Modenayes byll Noensuch to be d’d to mr marten [in a later hand] Nicolas Modena carver and gilder at Nonesuch 34. 35. 36. Hen.8

Grant of the Keepership of Nonsuch to Sir Thomas Cawarden by Letters Patent dated 2 March 1544, with reimbursement of expenditure back to 29 September 1543.

Surrey History Centre: LM/ 345/150

[Recites the grant (on the same terms) to Sir Ralph Sadlier by Letters Patent dated 3 January 32 Henry VIII (1541), with fees payable from 25th March, 29 Henry VIII (1538)]

Henricus octauus dei gratia Anglie Francie et Hibernie Rex Fidei defensor et in terra Ecclesie Anglicane et Hibernice supremum Caput

Omnibus ad quos presentes litere peruenerint Salutem.

Cum nos per literas nostras patentes Sub magno Sigillo Curiae Augmentacionum reuencionum corone nostre Sigillat’ gerend’ datum tercio die Januarij Anno Regni nostri tricesimo secundo in consideracione boni veri et fidelis seruicij quod diligens seruiens noster Radulfus Sadler miles tunc preantea nobis fecit indiesque facere indentit de gratia nostra speciali ac ex certa sciencia et mero motu nostris dederimus et concesserimus eidem Radulfo per nomen Radulfi Sadler vnius Generosorum priuate camere nostre Officium Senescalli Maneriorum nostrorum de Nonsuche Ewell Estchaym Westchaym Sutton Bansted et Walton super montem in Com’ nostro Surrie Necnon Officium Ballinatus eorumdem Maneriorum ac officium Custodis Scitus et capitalis mesuagii dicti Manerii nostri de Nonsuche ac Officium custodis parci nostri ibidem Necnon Officium custodis Garderobe nostre predicti Manerii nostri de Nonsuch Ac eciam Officium custodis Gardinorum pomeriorum et ortorum nostrorum ibidem habendum exercendum occupandum et gaudendum Officia predicta et eorum quodlibet vnacum preeminencijs [sic] aduauntagijs proficijs et emolumentis quibuscunque eisdem Officijs seu eorum alicui spectantijs siue pertinentijs prefato Radulfo tam per se quam per sufficientes Deputatos suos a Festo Annunciacionis beate Marie virginis Anno Regni nostri vicesimo nono ad terminum vite ipsius Radulfi

Et pro Officijs illis sic exercendis Dederimus et concesserimus per easdem literas nostras Patentes prefato Radulfo Sadler seperalia vadia et Annualia feoda sequentia videlicet pro predicto officio Senescalli Maneriorum predictorum vadium et feodum quinque librarum per Annum Et pro predicto Officio ballinatus eorumdem Maneriorum vadium et feodum quinque librarum per Annum Et pro dicto Officio Custodis Scitus et Capitalis mesuagij dicti Manerij nostri de Nonsuche vadium et feodum duorum denariorum per diem Et pro dicto Officio custodis dicti parci nostri vadium et feodum quatuor denariorum per diem Et pro Officio custodis Garderobe nostre vadium et feodum sex denariorum per diem Et pro Officio custodis Gardinorum pomeriorum et ortorum nostrorum predictorum vadium et feodum quatuor denariorum per diem Habendum gaudendum et percipiendum vadia et feoda predicta et eorum quodlibet prefato Radulfo et Assignatis suis a dicto Festo Annunciacione beate Marie virginis dicto Anno vicesimo nono Regni nostril predicti ad terminum vite ipsius Radulfi de exit’ Reuencionibus et proficuis predicti Manerij nostri de Nonesuche ac omnium terrarum et tenementorum nostrorum infra Maneria et villatas nostras de Nonesuche Ewell Estchaym Westchayme Sutton Bansted et Walton predictas tam per manus suas proprias quam per manus ballinorum Receptorum Firmar’ siue occupatorum eorumdem pro tempore existen’ ad Festa Sancti Michaelis Archangeli et Annunciacionis beate Marie virginis per equals porciones annuatim soluend’ prout per easdem literas nostras patentes inter alia in eisdem content’ plenius apparet

Et modo predictus Radulfus Sadler predictas literas nostras patentes sibi de Officijs predictis et ceteris premissis in forma predicta [feas’m] in predicta curia Augmentacionum Reuencionum corone nostre sursum reddidit et restituit cancelland’ et ibidem Camcellat’ existunt vt certam habemus noticiam ea intencione.

Et nos alias literas nostras patentes sub magno sigillo nostro dicte curie Augmentacionum Reuencionum corone nostre de officijs et vadiis predictis et ceteris premissis dilecto et fideli seruienti nostro Thome Cawarden Armiger vno generos’ priuate Camere nostre in forma sequen’ concedere dignaremur Nos nedum premiss’ verum eciam bonum et acceptabile Seruicium predicti Thome Cawarden nobis ante hec tempora multipliciter fact’ non immerito considerau’ de gratia nostra speciali ac ex certa sciencia et mero motu nostris dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes damus et concedimus eidem Thome Cawarden dictum Officium Senescalli predictorum maneriorum nostrorum de Nonesuche Ewell Estchaym Westchaym Sutton Bansted et Walton super Montem in dicto Com’ nostro Surrie.

Necnon predictum officium ballinatus eorumdem Maneriorum ac dictum Officium custodis Scitus et capitalis mesuagil dicti Manerii nostril de Nonesuche et supradictum officius custodis dicti parci nostril ibidem Necnon predictum officium custodis Garderobe nostre predicti Maneril nostri de Nonesuche Acetiam dictum officium Custodis Gardinorum Pomeriorum et ortorum nostrorum ibidem Ac ipsum Thomam Cawarden Senescallum et ballinatum Maneriorum nostrorum predictorum Ac custodem dicti Scitus et capitalis Mesuagii dicti Manerij nostril de Nonesuche Ac parci Garderobe nostre et gardinorum pomeriorum et ortorum nostrororum predictorum facimius ordinamus et constituimus per presentes Habendum exercendum occupandum et gaudendum officia predicta et eorum quodlibet vnacum omnibus preeminencijs aduauntagijs proficijs et emolumentis quibuscunque eisdem officijs seu eorum alicui spectantijs siue pertinentijs prefato Thome Cawarden per se vel per sufficientem deputatum suum siue deputatos suos sufficientes pro termino vite eiusdem Thome.

Sciatis quod nos vlterius de vberior’ gratia et mero motu nostris dedimus concessimus ac per presentes damus et concedimus prefato Thome Cawarden exercicione Officiorum predictorum omnia et singula seperalis vadia et annualia feoda sequentia videlicet pro predicto officio Senescalli Maneriorum nostrorum predictorum vadium et feodum quinque librarum per Annum Et pro dicto officio ballinatus eorundem Maneriorum nostrorum vadium et feodum quinque librarum per annum Et pro dicto officio custodis Scitus et capitalis mesuagij dicti Manerij nostri de Nonesuche vadium et feodum duorum denariorum per diem Et pro dicto officio custodis dicti parci nostri vadium et feodum quatuor denariorum per diem Et pro dicto officio custodis Garderobe nostre predicte vadium et feodum sex denariorum per diem Et pro predicto officio custodis gardinorum pomeriorum et ortorum nostrorum predictorum vadium et feodum quatuor denariorum per diem Habendum percipiendum et gaudendum vadia et feoda predicta et eorum quodlibet prefato Thome et Assignatis suis a festo Sancti Michaelis Archangeli vitimo preterito pro termino vite ipsius Thome de reddit’ exit’ reuencionibus et proficuis predicti Manerij nostri de Nonesuche ac omnium terrarum et tenementorum nostrorum infra Maneria et villatas nostras de Nonesuche Ewell Estchaym Westchaym Sutton bansted et Walton predictas tam per manus suas proprias quam per manus Receptorum ballinorum Firmar’ siue occupatorum eorundem seu eorum alicuius aut alicuius [alienis] eorundem parcelle pro tempore existen’ ad festa Annunciacionis beate Marie virginis et Sancti Michaelis Archangeli per equales porciones annuatim soluendum Et quia predictus Thomas Cawarden diuersos labores et expensas circa occupacionem et exercionem officiorum predictorum a Festo Sancti Michaelis Archangeli vltimo preterito hucusque habuit et sustinuit absque vlla recompensacione sibi inde fact’ accipimus Nos de ampliora gratia nostra dedimus concessimus acper presentes damus et concedimus eidem Thome Cawarden tot et tantas ac huiusmodo denar’ [Summine ?] ad quot et quantum predicta vadia et feoda et eorum quodlibet a predicto festo Sanci Michaelis Archangeli vltimo praeterito vsque datum presencium et pro eodem die pro seperalibus officijs predictia per seperales dies se attingunt Habendum et percipiendum eidem Thome Cawarden et assignatis suis de exit’ proficijs et Reuencionibus predictis Manerij nostri de Nonesuche ac omnium terrarum et tenementorum nostrorum infra Maneria et villatas nostras de Nonesuche Ewell Estchaym Westchaym Sutton Bansted et Walton predictas tam per manus suas proprias quam per manus Recept’ ballinorum Firmar’ siue occupatorum eorundem protempore existen’ vt de dono et regard’ nostris specialibus absque [Computo?] seu aliquo alio nobis vel heredibus nostris proinde reddend’ vel faciend’ Eo quod expressa mencio de vero vallore animo aut de certitudine premissorum siue eorum alicuius aut de alijs donis siue concessionibus per nos prefato Thome ante hec tempora factis in presentibus minime fact’ existit Aut aliquo statuto actu ordinacione prouisione siue restriccione incontrarium inde ante hac [habet?] fact’ ordinat’ seu prouis aut aliqua alia re causa vel material quacunque in aliquo non obstan’.

In Cuius rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes.

Teste Ricardo Ryche Milite apud Westmonasterium secundo die Martij Anno Regni nostri Tricesimo quinto [1544]

Irrotulatur coram me Johanne Thomson Audit’

The King’s Majesty on the Warpath, 1545

The National Archives: SP1/201/784

HENRY by the king

Right trustie and right welbiloued and trustie and right welbiloued we grate you well. Wheras Giles Geringes overseer of certain of our white workes [plaster work] hath syne our comyng hither brabeled [squabbled, disputed obstinately] much to vs of his working at whiche tyme as our Surveyor and others had secretely reaported, we laide to his chardge. that he haus not been here past twise syne Cristemas last to oversee the workemen vnder his chardge and yet haue taken our wages all thatyme aswell as if he had dailie contynued among theim Yea and when our officers asked him the cause of his being awaie so long. and howe our workes went forewarde, his aunswer was that he wolde tell theim nothing thereof; but when he shulde see his tyme he wolde make the counsail privey who had tolde him what he shulde do, with many such bragges. Forasmuch as he alledgeth for himself that ye knowe well ynough the cause of his absence and were contented that he shulde be allowed his wag here all the saide tyme of his being awaie. Adding therto that he hath in tymes past shewed you many great and notable faultes of dyuerse of our officers whiche toucheth vs specially wherwith he is and wilbe alwaise redye to chardge theim. Saiing by [expresse] wordes that if we knewe all as y[e do] we wolde marvaill thereat. Like as we do not a little marvaill (in cace these his wordes ar true) that ye haue not made vs privey therto all this while.

So these shalbe to require you that vppon the receipt hereof ye doo aduertise vs first if ye did appoinct the saide Gyles to be in any place else then at our manor of Nonesuch and to [shewe] his doynges onely to you and [not] to our saide officers. Secondely whether ye allowed him his wages here notwithstanding his absence as he saieth vppon your heddes ye did and fynally what thinges he hath at any tyme disclosed to you of any persons that shulde deceyve vs To thintent that [nowe] at our being here we maie as occasion shall rise chardge booth him and others that haue so offended.

Eftesones praieng you be playn with vs herein bicause he is a fellowe that glorieth much in himself and his doinges and trusteth in the [favour] and [bearing] [support] that he loketh for at your hands yeven vnder our privey Signett at our manor of Nonesuche the xxjth day of Maie the Kinges majestie to the counsaill xxjo may 1545

[Endorsed] To our right trustie and right welbeloued the Lordes and others of our privy counsull Giles Gering The Water Supply at Nonsuch

The National Archives: SP1/205/37(2) (extract)

Stephen de Hasshenpergk to Henry VIII

In Nonsuch quoque percepi q’dam aqueductum incepisse, sed non ad effectum produxisse, Ego si mihi commissum fuerit Hoc seruitium Regis Maiestati exhibebo, vt ministratio aque nomenclature domus respondeat, vt illi quibus nota fuerat prior domus in adfluxu aquarum disposicio, dicturi sint non sic, s[] antea adfluebat aqua.

Book of wages paid to tailors, carpenters, etc. occupied on the King’s tents at Westminster, Nonsuch and Petworth, also cost of carrying the tents from Charterhouse to the Blackfriars, 16 March 36 Hy VIII to 1 March 37 Hy. VIII (1545–6)

Surrey History Centre: LM/1

[Includes the following] Caring and setting up Tentes at Nonsuche at the kings majesties being there.

To John Briges yeoman for car’ of certen Tentes at one lode to and from Nonsuche cont’ xij myles – iiijs .

[Banqueting Houses at Westminster and Petworth mentioned]

Thomas Cawarden’s allowance for coats for 390 men for the conduct money of numbers of persons from Newbury, Loxley (Warks), Nonsuch etc. to Dover, temp. Hy VIII (1544?)

Surrey History Centre: LM/26

[Includes the following]

£78 for cootes for 390 footmen

Item for the conduct money of xl persons frome nonesuche to Dover Distaunce 1xx myles at ob the myle for euery of them Cxvjs viijdd Euery of them at ijs xjd

[possibly when Henry VIII went to France] Inventory of the Wardrobe at Nonsuch, 1547

Surrey History Centre: LM/840/2

[On cover] Inuitori of Nonesuche

/f.1/

This Booke indented and made the xxixth daie of September in the firste yere of the reigne of our soveraigne lorde and king Edwarde the Sixte by the grace of god king of Englande Fraunce and Irelande defender of the faithe and in earth of the churche of Englande and also of Ireland and the supreme heade bitwene Sir Anthony Denny knight keaper of the kinges maiesties pallaice at westminster of thone partie and Sir Thomas Cawerden knight keaper of the kinges maiesties manor of Nonesuche of thother partie / Witnesseth that the saide Sir Thomas Cawerden hathe received of the aforenamed Sir Anthony Denny to the vse of our saide soveraigne lorde the king by the commaundement and appoyntement of the lorde protector and others of his most honorable counsaill out of his chardge at the saide pallaice at westminster all thes parcelles comprised within this booke indented as hereafter particularly foloweth

Hangynges and Carpettes,

Fyrste seaven peces of hanginges of yellowe and white satten embrowdered with Antickes of the saide stuf with thstorie of the seaven workes of marcye embrowdered with silke vpon them conteynyng yardes vj three quarters di’ and quarter of the naile / vj three quarters di’ and quarter of the naile / vj three quarters di’ and quarter of the naile / v quarter / vj three quarters di’ and quarter of the nayle / vj three quarters di’ and quarter of the naile / vj three quarters di’ and quarter of the naile / And one wyndowe pece of the saide stuf made of twoo peces cutte of of one of the aforesaide peces conteynyng one yarde quarter in toto xlvij yardes three quarters and one naile di’

/f.2/

Item twentie peces of hanginges of verders of the brode blome with Aples and a flower in the myddes at the vpper corners and apomegranet with redde flowers and blewe at the nether corners lyned withe canvas paned conteynyng elles flemyshe / xxj quarter di’ / xxj quarter di’ / in toto xlij elles three quarters

Item twentie peces of hanginges of verders of sondery sorts and dyverse deapthes and lenghtes whereof one pece being cutt and being parcell of some other pece and all lyned with canvas paned conteynyng ells flemyshe / xiij three quarters and di’ naile / tenne quarter and one naile / tenne quarter and one naile / xij di’ quarter and one naile / ix three quarters and one naile di’ / ix quarter di’ / vij quarter and one naile / vij quarter and one naile / vij quarter and one naile / viij three quarters / xiij di’ quarter / x quarter and one naile / viij three quarters / x quarter and one naile / ix di’ di’ quarter / xj quarter / xiiij and one naile / x quarter and one naile xvj three quarters di’ / xiij di’ quarter / in toto –

CCxiiij elles quarter

Item one pece of hanging of verders of the brode blome having pomegranettes with redde and blewe flowers at the nether corners and clusters of frutes at the upper corners lyned with canvas paned conteynyng flemyshe – viij elles di’ and di’ naile

Item one pece of hanging of verders of the brode blome lyned with canvas paned conteynyng flemyshe – vij elles quarter and one naile

Item three wyndowe peces of verders of the brode blome lyned with canvas paned conteynyng elles flemyshe vj di’ quarter and one naile / vj di’ quarter and one naile / vj three quarters in toto – xix elles di’ quarter

Item one carpett of fyne tapestry imagery lynd thoroughout with canvas conteynyng flemyshe – xxj elles quarter di’

Item thirteene carpettes of verders of brode blomes and sondery other sortes lined thoroughout with canvas conteynyng ells flemyshe / xxj quarter di’ / xxj quarter di’ / xv quarter di’ and one naile / xj / xvj quarter and one naile / xvj three quarters di’ / xvj three quarters di’ / xvj three quarters di’ / xvij quarter di’ and one naile / xix / xiiij / xxj quarter di’ / xvj quarter and one naile in toto –

CCxxiiij elles quarter

/f.3/

Item a carpette Tarquey making of dornyx paynted with diverse colours being twoobredethes of the same stuf and in lenght sex yardes –-

Item a turquey carpet of silkerowed being in lenght twoo yardes and in bredeth three quarters di’ of a yarde –

Item a carpet turquey making of dornyx paynted with diverse colours being of twooo [sic] bredethes of the same stuf and in lenght three yardes di’ quarter

Item one carpett turquey making of dornyx paynted with dyverse colours being in breadth one yarde and in lenght twoo yardes three quarters.

Item one carpett turquey making of dornyx paynted with diverse colours being in breadth one yarde and in lenght three yardes quarter scant.

Item twoo carpettes turquey making of dornix paynted chequered with diverse colours being cutte and were made of one either being in bredeth three quarters di’ of ayarde and in lenght twoo yardes and one naile.

Item one carpett of grene satten embrowdered vpon with sondery of the kinges beastes anticke heades grapes and birdes frenged rounde aboute with anarrowe frenge of redde silke and lined with redde bokeram being in lenght twoo yardes i’ and one naile good and in bredeth one yarde quarter and three nayles.

/f.4/

Item one carpett turquey making rowed with diverse colours being in bredeth di’ yarde and three nailes and in lenght three yeardes quarter di’

Item one carpett turquey making being white at eche ende with rowes of golde and silke of diverse colour being in bredeth one yarde di’ quarter and in lenght twoo yardes quarter di’

Item one carpett of Grene clothe embrowdered vpon and rounde aboute with grene satten fourmed down with venyce golde frenged rounde aboute with venyce golde and grene silke, having eight buttons peare fashion with tarselles of like gold and silke / lyned with grene bokeram being in lenght one yarde di’ and three nailes scant / and in bredeth one yarde quarter / the fower corners being cut awaye / the same hathe a hoole peryshed withe Rattes

Item xxijti olde cupborde carpettes of sondery sortes of frame worke sore warne ande the moste of them mothe eaton all redy / one being in lenght twoo yardes di’ and in bredeth one yarde quarter / other twoo either in lenght two yardes and three nailes and in bredeth one yarde and three nailes / other twoo either in lenght twoo yardes and three nailes and in bredeth one yard quarter Another in lenght twoo yardes di’ quarter and in bredeth one yarde di’ quarter / another in lenght twoo yards quarter di and in bredeth one yarde quarter di’ / another in lenght twoo yardes d’ d’ quarter and in bredeth one yarde quarter di’ / another in lenght twoo yardes di’ quarter and in breadth one yarde quarter / another in lenght two yardes di’ quarter and in bredeth one yarde and three nailes another in lenght twoo yards and one naile and in bredeth one yarde quarter / another in lenght twoo yardes and in breadth one yarde and three nailes / another in lenght twoo yardes and three nayles and in breadth one yarde di’ quarter / another in lenght two yardes and one naile and in bredeth one yarde quarter / another in lenght twoo yardes and in bredeth one yarde quarter / another in lenght twoo yardes and three nailes and in breadth one yarde three quarters another in lenght two yardes and three nailes and in bredeth one yarde quarter di’ / another in lenght two yardes quarter and one naile and in bredeth one yarde quarter / another in lenght twoo yards di’ quarter and in bredeth one yarde quarter and three nailes / another in lenght twoo yards and one naile and in bredeth one yarde quarter and three nailes / another in lenght one yard three quarters and three nailes and in breadth one yarde di’ quarter / and one other in lenght one yarde three quarters di’ and in brodeth [sic] one yarde and three nayles.

/f.5/

Chayers

Item one olde chaier of white clothe of silver and crimsen velvet paned together franged with white and crymsen silke likewise paned the pomelles covered with them saide crymsen velvet –

Beddestedes with apparrell and not furnyshed /

Item a trussing beddestede of walnuttre colour and gilte being in lenght twoo yardes quarter and one naile and in bredth one yarde di’ / having Celar Testour and three single valleunces of blewe and crymsen satten paned together / the vallaunces cutt clowed wise and frenged with adeape frenge of blewe and crymsen silke paned togethers / and three curtaynes of redde and yellowe sarconet paned togethers being in brodoth five yardes di’ every one being in depthe twoo yardes and one naile

Item a trussing beddestede being in lenght two yardes di’ quarter and in bredeth one yarde quarter di’ and one maile / having Celar Testour and three single vallsunces of redde and russet paned velvet striped together, the vallaunces frenged with a depe frenge of russet and redde silke together / And five curtaynes of redde and russet sarcenet paned together being in bredeth five yardes three quarters di’ and every one being in depth twoo yardes quarter / And acounterpoynte of the same velvet lined with black boke-rame being in bredeth two yardes three quarters di’ / And in lenght three yardes quarter scant /

Item alowe folding beddestede serving for a canape being in lenght twoo yardes di’ quarter and in bredeth one yarde quarter and one nayle scant / the apparrell being arounde canape of crymsen clothe of golde with workes paned with yellowe velvet with arounde single vallaunce of the same stuf likewise paned and fronged with a drape frenge of yellowe and redde silke paned together / with arounde curtayne to the same.

/f.6/ of yellowe sarcenet being in compas at the nether skirts seven yardes three quarters and in depth twoo yardes di’ di’ quarter and some parte thereof being somewhat longer / having abolster and twoo pillowes of fustian filled with downe / the bolster being in bredeth di’ yarde and in lenght one yarde quarter the twoo pillowes either being of one bredeth of the same fustian thone being in lenght three quarters di’ or ayarde / And thother being in lenght three quarters of ayarde / twoo quyltes of fustian filled with wolle either being of twoo bredethes di’ of the same fustian and in lenght twoo yardes di’ quarter / And acounter-poynte of yellow turquey silke quylted the inside of lynen clothe stayned grene being in lenght twoo yardes three quarters di’ and in bredeth twoo yardes quarter di’.

Pallet beddes / with bolsters

Item fower pallet beddes of newe tike filled with fethers every one being in bredeth two yardes di’ quarter and in lenght twoo yards di’ di’ quarter.

Item fower bolsters to them of newe tike filled with fethers every one being in lenght twoo yards di’ quarter and in bredeth three quarters and one naile or ayarde. Inventory of the Wardrobe of Henry VIII, compiled under patent of 14 September 1547: part II

British Library: MS Harleian 1419 A (Part I is Library of Society of Antiquaries: M129)

[Places mentioned: Hampton Court, Oatlands, Nonsuch, Windsor, Woodstock, The More, Richmond, Newhall, Nottingham, St. Johns Beddington, Westminster, Greenwich, the Tower. At Hampton Court, rooms and their positions are mentioned. At Oatlands, no rooms are mentioned, except ‘Chappell stuffe’]

/ff.280–297/

Nonesuche

The guarderobe at the Manor of Nonesuche in the Countie of Surrey in the charge of Sr Thomas Cawerden knight keper of the house there

Hanginges [much fewer than at Oatlands] Carpettes [fewer than at Oatlands] Counterpoyntes [fewer than at Oatlands] Beddes and Bed stedes with their apparell [fewer than at Oatlands] Ceelers [none at Oatlands] Stooles with theire cases [more than at Oatlands] Cushions with their cases [more than at Oatlands] Cheires with their cases [more than at Oatlands]

/f.289v/

Item thre Cusshyons of purple vellat the backsides of two of them being of black satten and the backside of the thirde beinge of purple damaske two of them either being in lengeth one yard and thre nayles and in bredeth Dd yarde and one nayle The iiid being in lengeth one yard and in breadth Dd yard and one nayle

1545 Two were stolen awaie at the kinges being there mense Julij ao xxxvijo Re. H VIII at a standing where the kinge was [cu]shioned with them

Skarlettes [none at Oatlands] Damaskes [none at Oatlands] Sheetes [fewer than at Oatlands] Pilloweberes [same number as at Oatlands] Clothes of Estate [fewer than at Oatlands] Ornementes for chappelles and closettes [altar fronts and vestments] Canvas Coofers Soundrie parcelles [tables, stools, etc.] Hangynges agayne [1 page, much fewer than at Oatlands] Carpettes agayne [2¼ pages, more than at Oatlands] Cheiers agayne [1 item, more than at Oatlands] Bedstedes with the apparell, and not furnished [2¼ pages, fewer than at Oatlands] Pallet beddes with boulsters [none at Oatlands]

[These last five entries are SHC: LM/840/2]

[Summary notes on the ‘Hanginges’ record: Arras of the passion 15 pages of ‘olde Tapestry of dyuers histories’. ‘Item one Bedstede gilt with gould and silver and painted with bice being in lengeth thre yardes skant and in bredth ij yardes iij qrt. di skant having celer Tester Six smale Vallaunces and the bases of Crymsen gould Tissue purple and Crymsen vellat paned together embrawdered with the Kinges Armes and Badges crowned… with a bedde a bolster and two pyllows of fustyan fylled with Downe… ffoure quiltes of lynned cloth fylled with wolle… one Counterpoint of russet and yellowe newe makinge Silke paned together quylted lozenged all over with a cordaunte of vennes gould and bordred rounde aboute with an embrawdery of white clothe of Siluer fringed likewise round aboute with a narrow fringe of vennes gould and siluer lyned with white fustyan being in bredeth iij yardes qrt di and in lengeth iiij yardes di.’. One gilt and painted with red and blue with carved pillows.2¾ yds long 2¾ in breadth. One hatched with gold purled with silver and painted withsundry colours. 3 yds. long x 2¾. One of ‘walnuttrey colour hatched with gould’ and painted with bice, 2½ yds. long 2½ broad]

[Summary notes on the other furnishings record: 18 cases for the said chairs great and small of new buckram of sundry colours. 8 altar fronts (the first is Our Lord in the Sepulchre). 1 pair of playing tables made of ‘white bone and brassell’ wrought with white and green work and 30 men in them. 1 chess board of cloth of gold and cloth of silver ‘with roses and poundgranettes… having 30 chessmen of horseback and foot’. Another, marble glass. 32 men ‘A fair glass of Steel set in Walnutry carved and part gilt’. Tables – picture of our Lord and the 3 Kings (alabaster); of wood burned with pictures of Our Lady with Angels. Table – of white and black of a King and Justices with the scripture ‘Audite illos et quod iustum est iudicate’. Fire fork and tongs partly gilt. 16 other tables. 2 small altars for closets]

[Also examined: A. Jefferies Collins, Jewels and Plate of Queen Elizabeth 1: The Inventory of 1574, ed. from Harley MS 1650 and Stowe MS 555 (London: British Museum, 1953) which was useful for description of various vessels (ewers, etc.) but is not indexed] The Wardrobe at Nonsuch, c.1547

Folger Shakespeare Library: L.b. 172 (formerly Loseley MSS)

Stuff not yet delyuered at Nonesuche parte wherof wanteth

Lost First oone pece of hanging of tapstrye lost in the caryagge from Westminster Restore Item [xxiij] peces of hanginges of verdors – xij of theese at ye mr of the horse mr [] Item oone windowe pece [all this line deleted] Item oone Carpett of verdors at mr hastynges mr of the [?] [all this line deleted] Restore Item oone Carpett of turquey making dornex R Item a Fetherbedde and two bolsters [Four items deleted] lost Item x buttons and tasselles lost Item ij Chessemen Re Item xij Joyned Stowles R Item v long ioyned tables R Item oone ioyned trestle R Item iiij ioyned fourmes R Item oone ioyned Stowle for prayer R Item oone Pewter bolle R Item xviij Cases of buckeram for Cusshions Lost Item ij yerdes di’ of narrow frenge of venice golde and siluer from a Tester R Item iij bredthes of Fustian from iij fustians Item ij yerdes di’ of red Kersey Item 1xx yerdes of [?Soulewich] [in a towyell] Item a folding Stowle [all deleted] Item Cxxxiij yerdes of canvas [in a towyell]

Nonsuch – warrants to the keeper of the Wardrobe etc. to deliver furnishings to other officials, 1547–54.

Surrey History Centre: LM/841/1–5

/1/

[11th November 1 Edward 6, warrant to deliver furnishings to the Auditor of the Lord Protector]

/2/

[24th August, 3 Edward 6. Cawarden to deliver to Earl of Arundel, in such sort as they may be re-delivered, 30 pieces of hangings of verdors and 6 carpets. Signed F. Somerset]

/3/

[18th January, 1554/5. Warrant to deliver ‘all such stuff as shalbe thought mete to serve for the receving of the Prince of Spayne’. Mark it so that it will be known from other stuff]

/4/

[All keepers of Garderobes summoned to Westminster on 12th February, 1554/5, with their books, to give an account of their charges. Summons dated last day of January]

/5/

[9th April, 1 Mary. Warrant to deliver to the keeper of the Garderobe at Hampton Court all such stuff as he shall think meet and convenient for the service of her Majesty at Hampton Court against the coming of the ‘Prince of Spayne’] Furnishings remaining at Nonsuch, 9 Feb. 1 & 2 P & M (1555)

Surrey History Centre: LM/ 842

[A very short list – not detailed – of 13 ‘Turkey carpets’, 48 ‘Cushions’, 31 ‘pieces of hangings’, and 6 ‘carpets of the long Blome’. Certain pieces are said to be missing - 5 cushions, 2 of them stolen in July, 37 Henry 8, and 62 elles of hangings ‘whiche wear never hear’]

Mats for Nonsuch

The National Archives: C66/830, m.31 (Patent Rolls 4 Ed VI, pt. 5)

Edward the Sixte etc. To all mayers Shereffes Bailliffes Counstables and all other our officers ministers and subiectes theis our lettres hering or seing – greting… We name ordeyne and holy auctorise our welbelouid servant George Knyght… during the liefe of the said George to take frome tyme to tyme at reasonable prices in any place or places of this our Realme and our marches of Wales… suche and as many mattes as shall serue aswell for our palaice of Westminster our Honour of Hampton Courte our maners of Grenewiche Richemond Oteland and Nonesuche as for all other our palayces mannors and lodginges and finally suffice vs for that purpose and other wise… Prouided that the said George Knyght do serve and Furnysshe vs… of good and sufficient mattes for foure shillinges the dosen as often and when the same shalbe nedefull… And… we… geve and graunte vnto the foresaide George Knyght the fee or wages of two pence by the daye.

24 December

Sir Thomas Cawarden’s accounts as Keeper of Nonsuch, 1554– 1559

Folger Shakespeare Library: L.b. 492–5 (formerly Loseley MSS)

/f.492r/

XXVI The chardges seuerallie of Sir Tho Cawarden Knight as folowithe The Arrerage of Lord depending vpon hyme in the bok of Arrerages pro annis primo et Secundo Regis et Regine xxvli vjs iijd

The charde of Nonesuche Westecham and Walton pro anno finito ad festum Michaellis in annis ijo et iijo Regis et Regine vijli iijd ob.

The chardge for Estmulsey Mulsey [?Matham] and Imber pro anno finito ad festum Michaelis in annis ijo et iijo Regis et Regine xxxijli xvjs xjd

The charde of the xth of Lyngfeld vijli xvijs jd

Summa of the said chardges – lxxiijli vjd ob. wherof

Paid In Monney to the Receyvor xxviijli xviijs vjd

Allowed hyme for dyvers Fees of the said Sir Th. for Nonesuche and others xxxiiijli vjs viijd

Allowed hyme for the Fee of the Banketing house and the little parke of Nonesuche due to the said Sir Tho. vjli xxd

And so the said accomptaunt owithe the some of – lxxiijs viijd ob.

/f.492v/

Abstract of Mr. Cardens accomptes of the King And [] in anno iijo et iiijo Philipi et Marie

[In a later hand] Cawardens Stoordship of Nonsuch

/f.493r/ [damaged at right-hand edge]

Summa alloc’ prof’ xliijli vijs.

C Debt’ xli iiijs iiijd ob. quos [? liberauit] Edward Dethick Receptori [? Die] vjt Marcij Anno tercio et quarto Regis et regine pred’ [? ut] per aquietan’ unde apparet

C sic hic eque

(XXVII) Anno Tercio et Quarto philipi et marie 1082

Nonesoche in Com’ Surr’ Abstractum comp’ T C militis ex [T B] deput’ suo fore Johannem Thompson Audatori Domine Regine in com’ Surr’ pro terris subscriptis parcell’ de nonesoche de Anno [] Terci[?] et quarto Regis et regine predict’ [vid]

Arreragia Nonnulla quia quod clare remanebat in compo’ a [] precedentis onerabat’ in comp’ receptoris [vid]

Redditus assis’ Pro redd’ assis’ ibidem soluend’ ad ijobus [? terminis] equaliter xvii[]

Pro Firmar’ T C milite Cvs viijd Et de eodem T Cawarden xxiiijli xviijs viijd in toto xxxli iiij[] malden Pro redd’ et Firma ibidem ad xxxiijs iiijd per Annum nil quia per []

Rectoria de Quiddington Pro Firma Rectorie ibidem per Annum lxxs nil quia co [] perquisite curiarum Pro perquisitis curiarum ibidem hoc anno nil quia null[]

Summa xxxli vs xd

In allocacione redd’ diuers’ clausuum inclusarum infra parcum de Nonesoche ut in precedent’ xxiiijli xvij[ ]

Item In allocacione [? quietus ] redditus Ricardi Braye exeunt’ de vna acra di’ in Howell furlonge eo quod dicte terre unde exeunt includuntur infra parcum ibidem per annum vjd

Item in allocacione alterius redditus exeuntis de certis terris Thoma lyster eo quod [] includuntur xijd

Item in allocacione mae[nuperine?] exeuntis de predictis terris inclusis infra parcum ibidem per annum allocand’ Firmaris rectorie de Quiddington xxxs

Summa ann’ allo’ xxvjli xs ij[d] C Debt’ lxxvs viijd

/f.493v/ [damaged on left-hand edge]

[ ] de [ ] in Comp’ dicti T C per dictum T B deputatum suum per temp’ predict’ scilicet pro Anno iijcio et iiijto philipi et Marie

[Arrera]gia Nonnull’ quia quod clare remanebat in compo’ anni prox’ preced’ onerabat’ in comp’ receptoris scilicet

[Redditus] assis’ Pro redd’ assis’ ibidem per annum Cvjs ob

[Custumum?] Pro redd’ Tenenc’ per copia’ cur’ ibidem xvijs viijd

[ ] Dominicales Pro redd’ terrarum Dominicalium ibidem per Annum Cs

[perquisita] curiarum Pro perquisitis [vnius] curiae ibidem tente vijmo Aprillis Anno Secundo et iijmo philipi et Marie cum vjs viijd de co’e fine iijs iiijd pro licencia [? Dimittendi] terras et xiiijd de amer’ xjs ijd

Summa xjli xiiijs xd ob [] quibus

Allocacio redd’ In allocacione redditus nuper exeunt’ de Manerio’ de Wyghtes in Westchayme [ ] eo quod collector nulla habet allocacione [ ] de redd’ predicto et ideo non soluit ad hoc Manerium xxxijs vjd

Expens’ curriarum Item in expens’ supradicte curiarum ibidem hoc Anno vjs viijd

Summa allocat’ xxxixs ijd C Debt’ ixli xvs viijd ob.

Maneria de Bansted et Walton super montem in com’ Surr’ Comp’ antedicti T C milite per dictum T B deputatum suum pro dicto Anno iijmo et iiijto regis et regine predictorum vid’

Arreragia Nulla quia quod clare remanebat in comp’ anni prox’ precedent’ onerabat’ in comp’ receptoris vid’

Redditus et Firma Pro redd’ et Firma ibidem onerat’ coram Auditori ut Dim’ F[ ] in feod’ firma xlli

Perquisita curiarum Pro perquisitis curiarum ibidem per annum nil quia dimit’ et [] feod’ firma et [ecla’] pre’ non cedunt Firma

Receptu [Fe ] Pro Denarijs hoc anno clare rem’ infra Maneriun de Nonesoche lxxvs viijd

Pro Denarijs hoc Anno clare remanent infra Manerium de Westchayme ixli xvs viijd

Summa omnis – iiijli xjs iiijd ob.

Allocac’ redditus In allocacione cuiusdam redditus assisi quodam [ ] soluto ad Manerium de Walton super montem et Bansted pred’ exeun’ de certis terries in hedley perquisitis de Nicholaus leigthe [?ar] superius onerat’ ad iijs iiijd per annum eo quod [ ] pred’ modo in man’ Domine regine exis [ ] [ ] perquisitionis vid’ hic in allocacione eo quod Firmar’ earum dictorum terrarum cum earum [ ] Summa onerat’ et vnus non allo’ lijs iiijd

Feoda et Vadia Item in Feod’ T C milite pro officijs Senescal: Maneriorum de nonessoche Ewell Eastchayme Westchayme Sutton Bansted et Walton super montem balli [three words interlined, not deciphered] Cs

Et pro custodia Manerij de nonesoche ad ijd per diem lxs xd pro custodia novi parci ibidem ad iiijd per diem vjli xxd pro custodia Gardirobie ibidem ad vjd per diem ixli ijs vjd pro custodia gardini pomerarij et ort’ ibidem ad iiijd per diem vjli xxd in toto vt in pred’ xxxiiijli vjs viijd custus feni’ Item in denarijs hoc anno solutis pro fulcuras et feni factura cum cariagio feni pro feris in parcis ibidem cum [? mundacionis] et planatos prati ibidem necnon pro sternacione montium et captione talparum ibidem viijli xvjs

/f.494r/

Nonesoche iiijto vto vli xvs viijd In sol’ prox’ terr’ iux’ supervision’ disallocat’ hoc anno finite xls ixli xjs ijd ob vto et vjto primo vjli xvs viijd cum xxxs sol’ hoc Anno [] Dissallocat’ et d’cia suis onerat’ qua rate Dupl’onerat’ pro ijbus Annis hoc Anno finit’ ixli xjs ijd ob

Westcham Summa Cxijli xiijs ixd Inde xxli pro feod’ ball’ et senescali [?] Ei pro feno pro dictis duobus Annis xli vjs viijd [] iiij xx ijli vijs jd Equibus allocaciones xxxli viijs iiijd Pro feod’ Thoma’ Cawarden pro offic’ Cust’ garderobie ad vjd per diem et ortorum cum al’ ibidem ad iiijd per diem pro duobus Annis quodlibet ar’ xvli iiijs ijd [ ] xviijli vs feod’ custod’ domus di Nonesoche ad ijd per diem et pers’ parci ibidem ad iiijd per diem pro duobus Annis pred’ solvend per Comite Arundell quodlibet Anno ixli ijs vjd [ ] exonerat’ ei xiijli xjs iiijd pro Arr’ vnius messuag' et Certe terr’ in Nonesoche onerate’ pro ijbus Annis quodlibet Anno vjli xvs viijd Eoq’ concedunt’ per L.p. pred’ dicto Comit’ per idem [three words not deciphered] xxli ijs vd

C. xxxvli iijd ob inde Cixs xiijd Rem’ xxixli xs vijd ob [Abacus] ob

/f.494v/ comput’ TC de Anno primo regine Elizabete

Nonesoche nil quia per [ ]

Westchaym ixli xjs ijd ob.

Bansted et Walton xlli

Summa xlixli xjs ijd ob unde pro feno in magno parco ibidem hoc anno alloc vjli [ ] alloc’ est iijs iiijd pro redd’ assijs’ in hedley lut in precedente pro [? Per’is] Ball’ ett [sic] Sen’ xli pro custod’ Garderob’ et gardin’ [ ] ad xd per die pro CCCxxix diebus xiijli xiiijs ijd s’p’ T Carden pro custod’ Domus et parci ad vjd per diempro CCCxxix diebus viijli iiijs [Here the words ‘C debt’’ are deleted]

C allo’ eidem – xxiijs pro vj [? cevis] iiijor clavibus vj hasps vj stapuls pro Januis magni parci ibidem in Anno primo Regine Elizabete. C Debt’ xli vs ijd ob

/f.495r/

Manerium de Walton super Montem et Bansted in Com’ Surr’ Firma dictorum maneriorum et [sic] Bansted et Walton cum pertinenciis [?sillicet] ad Firmam [? Diuiss’] Thomas Cawarden milit’ per Indent’ dat’ iiijt die Junij Anno Regni nuper Regis henrici viiji xxxiij pro termin[?] xxjus Annorum Reddend’ Inde per Annum xlijli

Manerium de Wotton vnder Wyver in Com’ Staff’ per [ ] de [? Carolo] Blounte Domini Mountyoye val’t in Redd’ Ass’ per Annum – xxviijs iijd ob Redd’ per dip’ per Annum – vjli iiijs ijd Red’ ad v’ lut’ – lxxjs ixd [ ] per Annum – vjli iiijs viijd xvijli viijs xd ob

Inde Stipend’ Comput’ xxs

Hacham baruns – xxvli Certen lands callyd the hyther feeld – Ciijs iiijd ban steed – xiijli iijxx xijli iijs iijd bansteed Walton – xlijli Wotton vnder Wyver – xvijli viijs xd Marten – xxvjli iiijxx vli viijs xd

Stockwell – Lxiijli [one line deleted] or Tadwoorthe – xijli xijs

Lxxvli xijd [sic]

Bansted walltn – xlij Martyn – xxvjli hacham baruns – xxvli iiijxx xiijli

/f.495v/

Mertyn – xxvjli hacham baruns – xxv bansteed – xlij iiijxx xiijli

[At foot of page, inverted, in contemporary hand] particulers of partyculers of Londs in [Barton?] londs [?]

[at side of page, in later hand] Cowarden’s Stewardship of Nonsuch In Surrey in Queen Elizabeth’s time.

Furnishings transferred from the Wardrobe at Nonsuch to the Wardrobes at Richmond and in the Tower, 17 & 18 Nov. 3 & 4 P & M (1556)

Surrey History Centre: LM/ 843/1–2

/1/

17 November, 3 & 4 P & M. List of furnishings delivered to Henry Plessington, Keeper of the Standing Garderobe at Richmond, by virtue of a letter from Sir Henry Jernegam [sic]

Hanginges – 48 pieces of arras, satin, tapestry and verdors, some embroidered, some lined. Carpettes – 36, of tapestry, of Turque making, of nedleworke, of verdors, of satten [four of them ‘olde vnseruisable’] Cheirs – 6 Stowles – 36 Cushions – 42 Bedstedes with thapparell – 3 Fetherbeddes – 5 Sundry parcelles – a chest, a Cofer, 2 Pleying tables, 2 Chesse bourds with lx men in them, 2 tables with pictures, 1 fyer fork and peire of tonges, a table and paire of trestles of walnutte. [With various joined tables, cupboards, stools, altar fronts, 5 vestments]

/2/

Next day. All such stuff as Thomas Bothe delivered out of the standing Garderobe, on the same authority, to Rauf Rowlandson to be conveyed to the Tower of London Hangynges – Arras, Embroidered silk, Velvet, Ceelers, Testers [one of ‘newmaking silke embroudered with dolphyns’]. Cheyres – 28 Stowles – 31 Cussions – 48 [some ‘lacking buttons’] Lengths of canvas Large bedsteads – 4 [all ‘with thapparell’]

Grant of Nonsuch to the Earl of Arundel, 23 Nov. 1556

Calendar of the Patent Rolls – Philip & Mary 3 p306–7 From the National Archives: C66/908 (3 & 4 P. & M. m.36–7)

Whereas by patent under the great seal of the Court of Augmentations, 19 Nov., 1 Edw. VI, were leased for 21 years to Thomas Cawarden, knight, a messuage in Nonesuche, co. Surrey, and 158½ acres arable land in the several places named below in the common fields there, viz. – 20 ac. 3 r. in ‘le Nonesoche Bothome’ in 4 several places, 50 ac. in ‘longe Abrams furlynge’ 10 ac. in a piece adjoining the same ‘furlonge’ abutting upon ‘le Parke pale’ there, 18 ac. in a ‘furlonge’ there called ‘Longhleche more’ and ‘le Downes’, 38 ac. in a parcel of land called ‘Sonnynges busshe’, 18 ac. 3 r. in another parcel next ‘le Drawpites’ and 3 ac. in another parcel between the park there and Ewell felde, all which were then parcel of the desmesnes of the manor of Nonesuche then in Cawarden’s tenure and parcel of the honour of Hampton Court, except great trees and woods, at the yearly rent of £5 5s 8d.

In consideration of the surrender to the King and Queen by their cousin and councillor, Henry, Earl of Arundel, Lord Steward of the Household, of the manors of Stowebardolf, Cantlowe, Strumpshaugh and Scroteby, co. Norfolk, and of the payment by him at the Receipt of the Exchequer of the sum of £485 13s 4d;

Grant in facto the said earl of the reversion of the said messuage and lands, the said rent of £5 5s 8d and all the trees and woods upon the premises.

Grant also of the principal and capital mansion commonly called Nonesoche alias Nonesoche place with its appurtenances in Nonesuch, Ewell, Cuddington and Cheyham, co. Surrey, the park called ‘the little Parke of Nonesuche’ and all the houses lands, etc within or near the site and precinct of the said mansion, also all houses, land etc. near the mansion not enclosed within ‘le greate Parke of Nonesuche’ adjacent to the house, all houses, land etc. within the places of the said park called ‘le little Parke’ and all manner of deer and wild beasts in the same park and the free chase of the beasts there and free warren and all aqueducts and water courses in or upon the premises; also the messuage and the 158½ ac. arable land [described in detail as above] in Cheyham alias Upper Cheyhaam in Cawarden’s tenure by the aforesaid lease; and all manner of wood and yearly rents and profits of the premises; together with all such liberties, easements, lead, iron and glass as are in the crown’s hands;

Except the great park of Nonesuche

To hold as of the honour of Hampton Court in free socage

Issues from Michaelmas last. Exoneration, except the fee and sums of money granted to Cawarden for the custody of Nonesuche house and park. These without fine or fee.

[The Orig. Rolls Philip and Mary 3 and 4. pt. 4, 71 have the same grant in Latin, prob. a copy, or the original]

Grant of Nonsuch to the Earl of Arundel, 23 Nov. 1556

The National Archives: C66/908 mm. 36–7

/m.36/

Donacon’ sibi et heredibus pro Henrico Comiti Arundell

Rex et Regina omnibus ad quos etc Salutem – Cum precarissimus frater nostrum prefate Regine Edwardus Sextus nuper Rex Anglie per literas suas patentes sub magno sigillo Curie Augmentacionum et Reuencionum Corone sue confectura geren’ datum apud Westmonasterium decimo nono die Nouembris Anno regni sui primo inter alia tradiderit concesserit et ad firmam dimiserit dilecto nobis Thome Cawarden militi per nomine dilecti seruientis sui Thome Cawarden militis totum illud mesuagium et ten’ suum cum pertinentijs in Nonesuche in comitatu suo Surrie ac Centum quinquaginta octo acras et dimidium terre arrabilis sua iacentes et existentes in seperalibus locis inferius nominatis in communibus campis de Nonesuche in dicto comitatu Surrie videlicet viginti acras et tres rodas terre in le Nonesoche Bothome in quatuor seperalibus locis ac quinquaginta acras terre in Longe Abrams Furlong ac decem acras terre in quadam pecia terre eidem le Furlong adiacenti abbutans super le Parke pale ibidem Necnon octodecem acras terre in vno le Furlonge ibidem vocato Longbleche more et le Downes Ac triginta et octo acras terre in vna parcella terre vocata Sonnyngesbusshe et octodecem acras et tres rodas terre in vna alia parcella terre iacente iuxta le drawpit et tres acras terre in vna alia parcella terre iacente inter parcum ibidem et Ewell felde Que omnia et singula premissa adtunc fuerunt et modo sunt parcelle terrarum domanicalium manerij de Nonesuche ac adtunc fuerunt in tenura et occupacione predicti Thome Cawarden vel assignatorum suorum et parcella Honoris de Hampton Courte in dicto comitatu Surrie adtunc exciterunt excepte tamen semper et dicto fratre nostrum prefate Regine hereditibus et successoribus suis extenta

[?] reseruatus omibus grossis arboribus et boscis de in et super premissis crescentibus et existentibus habendum et tenendum predicta mesuagia terras ac cetera premissa cum pertinentijs (excepto preexceptis) prefato Thome Cawarden executoribus et assignatis suis a festo Sancti Michaelis Archangeli adtunc vltimo preterito vsque ad finem terminum et per terminum viginti et vnius Annorum extunc proxime sequens et plenarie complendum reddendum annuatim dicto fratri nostrum prefate Regine heredibus et successoribus suis quinque Libras quinque Solidos et octo denarios legalis monete Anglie ad festa Annunciacionis beate Marie Virginis et Sancti Michaelis Archangeli vel infra vnam mensem post vtrumque festum festorum illorum ad manus Ballinorum vel Receptorum premissorum pro tempore existens per equales portiones soluendum durante termino predicto prout per easdem literas patentes inter alia plenius liquet et apparet Quorumquidem omnium et singulorum premissorum reuencio et reuentionie vnacum dictum annuatim redditum quinque Librarum quinque Solidorum octo denariorum nobis ac heredibus et successoribus nostrum prefate Regine pleno iure modo spectatus et spectant

Sciatis quod nos predicti Rex et Regina tam in consideracione concessionis donacionis et sursum reddicionis nobis per predilectum et fidelem consanguinem et consiliarum nostrum Henricum Comitem Arundell’ dominum Seneschallum hospicij nostri nuper factum de Manerij de Stowebardolff Centlowe Strumpshaugh et Scroteby in Comitatu nostro Norffolk cum corum iuribus membris libertatibus et pertinentijs vniuersis Ac de omnibus alijs mesuagijs terris tenuris pratis pasturis redditibus seruicijs et hereditamentis suis quibuscumque in Stowebardolff Cantelowe Strumpshaugh et Scroteby in dicto Comitatu nostro Norffolk quam pro summa quadringentarum octoginta quinque Librarum tresdecem Solidorum et quatuor denariorum legalis monete Anglie ad Receptorem Scaccarij nostri ad vsum nostrum per eundem Comitem premanibus bene et fideliter solutum vnde facemur nos plenarie fore satisfactos et persolutos Eundemque Comitem heredes executores at administrators suos inde acquietatos et exoneratos esse per presentes de gratia nostra Speciali ac ex certa scientia et mero motu nostris dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus et successoribus nostrum prefate Regine damus et concedimus prefato Henrico Comiti Arundell’ predictam reuercionem et reuerciones predicti mesuagij et tenurarum cum pertinentijs in Nonesuche predicto ac predictum Centum quinquaginta octo acras et dimidium terre arrabilis in communibus campis de Nonesoche predicto ac ceterorum omnium et singulorum premissorum superius expressus et specificatus Ac totum predictum annualem redditum quinque librarum quinque solidorum et octo denariorum pro premissis per predictas literas patentes vt prefectur reseruas ac omnes et singulos arbores boscos et subboscos de in et super premissis aut aliqua inde parcella crescentes et existentes Ac totum terram et solum eorundem boscorum subboscorum et arborum Damus eciam et pro consideracionibus ac ex certa scientia et mero motu nostris predictis per presentes pro novis hereditibus et successoribus nostrum prefate Regine concedimus prefato Henrico Comiti Arundell’ totam illam principalem et capitalem mansionem et capitalem mesuagium domum siue placeam nostram de Nonesoche vulgariter vocatam et nuncupatam Nonesoche alias Nonesoche place seu quocumque alio nomine vel addicione nominis nominetur siue nuncupetur cum suis pertinencijs vniuersis scituatis iacentis et existentis in Nonesoche Ewell Cuddington et Cheyham seu in eorum aliquo in dicto Comitatu nostro Surrie Ac totum illud parcum nostrum vocatum the Litle Parke of Nonesuche cum eorum iuribus membris libertatibus et pertinentijs vniuersis in dicto Comitatu nostro Surrie Aceciam omnia domos edificial structura horrea stabula columbaria ortos pomaria gardina stagna vacua placea les Courtes introitus exitus terras fundum solum et hereditamenta nostra quecumque infra vel proprie Scitum septum ambitum circuitum et procinctum dictis principalis et capitalis mansionis et capitalis mesuagij domus siue placee Nocnon omnia alia domos edificia horrea stabula columbaria stagna vinaria gardina pomaria ac terras et solum nostra quecumque proprie predictum principalem ot capitalem mansionem et capitalem mesuagium domum siue placee aut vt partes parcella vel membra euisdem antehac vel nunc habita cognita accepta vsitata occupata seu reputata existentia et modo non existentia seu inclusea infra magnum parcum nostrum vulgariter vocatum le greate Parke de Nonsuche eidem domui adiacens Aceciam omnia domos edificia structura horrea columbaria ortos pomaria gardina stagna vacua placea lez Lodges stagna proficua commoditates boscos subboscos arbores terras et solum et hereditamenta nostra quecumque infra placeas predicti parci vocatum le Litle Parke of Nonsoche inclusa aut vt pars vel parcella euisdem parci modo nuper vel antehac quoquomodo habita cognita accepta occupata seu reputata existentia siue sint modo infra predicatum parcum vocatum le Litle parke of Nonsuche inclusa vel non inclusa dummodo non sint inclusa infra dictum parcum nostrum vulgariter vocatum le greate Parke de Nonsuche Ac omnes et omnimodo damas et feras nostras quascumque tam masculos quam famellas in eodem parco vocato le litle parke de Nonsuche existentes ac liberam deductum et conductum ferarum infra eundem parcum ac liberam warrennam infra omnia et singula premissa per nos per presentes concessa infra quamlibet inde parcella Aceciam omnes aquaductus et cursus aquarum in et super premissis edificin facta vel existentia superius per presentes preconcessis Necnon totum illud mesuagium siue tenementum cum pertinentijs situatum et existens in Cheyham alias upper Cheyham in dicto Comitatu nostro Surrie modo vel nuper in tenura siue occupacione dicti Thome Cawarden militis vel assignatorum suorum virtute vel colore dimissionis predicte Ac totum illud tenementum nostrum ac omnes illas Centum quinquaginta octo acras et dimidium terre arrabilis nostras cum eorum pertinemtijs modo vel nuper in tenura siue occupacione dicti Thome Cawarden militis vel assignatorum suorum virtute seu colore dicte dimissionis facte prefato Thome Cawarden scituata iacentia et existentia in communibus campis de Cheyham alias vpper Cheyham predictis videlicit viginti acras et tres rodas terre inde in

/m.37/ le Nonsuche bothome in quatuor seperalibus locis ac quinquaginta acras terre in longe Abrahams Furlonge Ac decem acras terre inde in quadam pecia terre eidem le Furlonge adiacens abbutans super le Parke Pale ibidem Necnon octodecem acras terre in vno le Furlonge ibidem vocato longe beache more et le downes ac triginta et octo acras terre in vna parcella terre vocata Sonningesbushe et octodecem acras et tres rodas terre in alia parcella terre iacente iuxta le Drawpites et tres acras terre in vna alia parcella terre iacente inter parcum ibidem et Ewelle felde Que omnia et singula premissa vltimo recitata modo sunt vel nuper fuerunt in tenura siue possessione dicti Thome Cawarden virtute vigore vel colore dicte dimissionis sibi confecte gerentis datum dicto decimo nono die Nouembris Anno regni dicti nuper Regis Edwardi sexti fratris nostrum prefate Regine primo Aceciam omnes et omnimodo boscos subboscos et arbores nostras quascumque de in et super premissis superius per presentes preconcessis crescentes et existentes Ac reuercionem et reuerciones quascumque omnium et singulorum et cuiuslibet eorumden parcella Necnon redditus et annualia proficua quecumque reseruata super quibuscumque dimissionibus et concessionibus de premissis seu de aliqua inde parcella quoquomodo facta reseruata Que omnia et singula premissa sunt parcella honoris nostri de Hampton Courte in dicto comitatu nostro Surrie Damus eciam et concedimus eidem Comiti omnia et singula premissa superius expressa et specificata in tam amplis modo et forma ac adeo plene libere et integre ac cum omnibus eisdem huiusmodi et consimilibus libertatibus priuelegijs proficuis commoditatis easiamentis ac cum omnibus et omnimodo plumbo ferro et vitro cuiuscumque sint generis nature seu speciei aut quibuscumque nominibus sciantur censeantur vel cognoscantur prout ea omnia et singula modo habemus ac in manibus nostris iam existunt seu existere deberent exceptis et omnino reseruatis nobis heredibus et successoribus nostrum prefate Regine totum illum magnum parcum nostrum de Nonesuche vulgariter vocatum le greate Parke de Nonesuche ac totum terre solum et fumdum et omnium arborum et hereditamenta infra dictum magnum parcum modo iacentia et inclusa existentia cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinentijs prope predictem principalem et capitalem mancionem et capitalem domum et mansionem vulgariter vocata Nonesuche place adiacentia Habendum tenendum et gaudendum predictas reuercionem et reuerciones ac predictum annualem redditum quinque Librarum quinque Solidorum et octo denariorum Ac predictam principalem et capitalem mansionem et capitale mesuagium domum siue placeam et parcum predictum Necnon predicta domos edificia horrea stabula columbaria ortos pomaria gardina mesuagia terras tenement liberam Warrennam libertaem parcorum ac cetera omnia et singula premissa superius expressa et specificata ac per presentes preconcessa cum eorum pertinentijs vniuersis excepto preexcepto prefato Henrico Comiti Arundell heredibus et assignatis suis ad proprium opus et vsum ipsius Comitis heredibus et assignatis suorum imperpetuum Tenendum de nobis ac de heredibus et successoribus nostrum prefate Regino vt de Honore nostro de Hampton Courte in libere socagic per fidelitatem tantum et non in capite pro omnibus redditibus seruicijs exactionibus et demandis quibuscumquo proinde nobis heredibus vel successoribus nostrum prefate Regine quoquo modo reddendum soluendum vel faciendum Et vlterius de ampliori gracia nostra dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes damus et concedimus prefacto Henrico Comiti Arundell omnia exita reddita reuenciones et proficua omnium et singulorum premissorum superius expressorum et specificatorum ac per presentes preconcessorum a festo Sancti Michaelis Archangelie vltimo preterito hucusque prouenientia siue crescentia habendum eidem Comiti exdono nostro absque compoto seu aliquo alio prouide quoquomodo reddendum soluendum vel faciendum Volumus eciam pro consideracionibus predictis ac ex certa scientia et mero motu nostris pro nobis heredibus et successoribus nostrum prefate Regine per presentes comcedimus prefato Comiti heredibus et assignatis suis quod nos heredes successores nostrum prefato Regine imperpetuum annuatim et de tempore in tempus acquietabimus exonerabimus et indempnes conseruabimus tam eundem Comitem heredes et assignates suos quam predicta reuercionem et reuerciones principale et capitale mansiones et Capitale mesuagium ac parcum predictum ac cetera omnia et singula premissa per presentes concessa cum eorum pertinentijs vniversis versus nos heredes et successores nostrum prefate Regine et versus quascumque alias personas et alias personas quamcumque de omnibus et omnimodo redditibus feodis annuitatibus et denariorum summis quibuscumque de premissis seu de aliqua inde parcella quoquomodo exeuntis seu soluendis vel superinde oneratis seu onerandis preterquam seruicia nobis per presentes superius reseruatis Ac preterquam de feodis annuitatis et denariorum summis concessis prefacto Thome Cawarden et assignatis suis pro custodia predicto domus vulgariter vocate Nonesuche et parci predicti seu eorum alterius volentes cum et per presentes firmiter iniungentes precipientes tam Thesaurio Cancellario et Baronibus Scaccarij nostri heredium et successorum nostrorum quam omnibus Receptoribus Auditoribus et alijs officiarijs et ministris nostrie heredius et successorum nostrorum quibuscumque pro tempore existentibus quod ipsi et eorum quilibet super solum demonstraciones harum litererum nostrarum patentium vel irrotulamentum earundum absque aliquo alio brevi seu warranto a nobis heredibus vel successoribus nostrum prefate Regine quoquomodo impetrandum seu prosequendum plenam integram debitamque allocacionem et exoneracionem manifestam de omnibus et omnimodo huiusmodi redditibus feodis annuitatibus et denariorum summis quibuscumque de premissis superius per presentes preconcessis ex euntis seu soluendis vel superinde oneratis seu onerandis prefato Henrico Comiti Arundell heredibus et assignatis suis facient’ et de tempore in tempus fieri causabunt Et hee litere nostre patente vel irrotulamentum earundem erunt annuatim et de tempore in tempus tam dictis Thesario Cancellario Baronibus quam omnibus Receptoribus Auditoribus et alijs officiarijs et ministris nostris heredium et successorum nostrorum quibuscumque pro tempore existente sufficiens Warrantia et exoneration in hac parte Volumus eciam ac per presentes concedimus prefato Henrico Comiti Arundell quod habeat et habebit has literas nostras patentes sub magno Sigillo nostre Anglie debitas modo factas et sigillatas absque fine seu feodo magno vel parvo nobis in Hanaperio nostro seu alibi ad vsum nostrum prouide quoquomodo reddendum soluendum vel faciendum Eo quod expressa mencio et cetera In cuius rei et cetera teste Rege et Regina apud Westmonasterium xxiij die Nouembris per breve de priuato sigillo

Grant of Nonsuch to the Earl of Arundel, 23 Nov. 1556

The National Archives: C66/908 mm.37–8 (extract)

Tertia Pars Patentium de Annis Regnor[um] Phillippi R[egi]s et Marie R[egi]ne Tertio et Quarto… [dated] apud Westmonasterium XXIIJ die Novembr’ per breve de privato sigillo.

[The Patent, in Latin, granting Nonsuch House and the little park of Nonsuch to Henry Earl of Arundel, in such manner as occupied in the time of Sir Thomas Cawarden. It begins by reciting the grant to Cawarden by Edward VI on 19 November, in the first year of his reign (1547)]

Sir Thomas Cawarden’s account of his dealings with the Earl of Arundel concerning his offices at Nonsuch, endorsed ‘c.1557’ in a latter hand

Surrey History Centre: LM/845

The maner and order from the begynning of the doings and comvnicacions between the right honorable therle of Arrundell Lorde Steward of — and Sir Thomas Cawerden knight of for and concerning the said Sir Thomas his interest and offices at Nonesuche.

[In the first paragraph, from ‘First when’ to ‘other for him’, the spelling has been modernised] First when the said lorde of Arundel has obtained licence of the queen’s majesty to lie there for a time, he sent for me to his house at London, and when I came thither he sent Sir Thomas Palmer to me (who declared his pleasure was that I should cause the house to be prepared for him And farther made means unto me of the lack that there was horse meat and that no hay would be gotten for money, and at that time it was at 30/– a load) requiring at my hand part of my store there, to whom I granted for that any thing else I had there for the time his lordship should command it and had so much as the very making cost 32/–. At his being there (the lord Lumley in my lord’s name) required the going of 2 or 3 geldings there for my said lord his lordship with his children and theirs had going there freely all that time of his being there and long time after, between 20 and 30 some time more and some time less, but seldom under 20 and also had going free there all his fatting beasts as oxen and sheep for his expenses of household, and over and besides that their friends turned in their horses from time to time (as they came), All which I was contented he should frankly. Then he sent for me thither to whom immediately I came, at which time he brake with me that he would purchase the house with the Little Park and would know what he should give me for mine interest, To whom I answered that loth I was to sell my living and well I could not forbear it, for that I had placed some of my servants there which of conscience I could not remove, (but to as good or better). Then I farther said if your lordship will help me to to the purchase of the Great Park (if you would not have it yourself) which I hear shall be sold and that mine enemies do seek the purchase thereof, I should then be able to place my men the better there and your lordship shall have your request gratis at your pleasure. Then he said £2000 is offered for it, I granted if I might have it so (So that my debt that the queen’s majesty did owe me, might be part of the payment) and there further I enlarged unto him my ‘greves’ of matters in variance there Between Mr Saunder, William Tanner and me so parting, but in that his lordship said little or nothing after but demanded when I would be at London and I said at Michaelmas or soon after. And being at London about Hallowtide he sent for me again and demanded when we should commune and I answered at his pleasure. Then he required pastures for a few sheep, whereto I granted and so parted, at which time he sent 200 ewes, whereof 100 with their lambs remained there until after May following [then 260 others, until 4th Aug last]. Between Hallowtide and Christmas last past Sir Nich. Pelham came to me in that matter, who travailed somewhat with me but the effect was that I should bear the name of the purchase above said and the book made in my name (upon bond) and he would lay out the money, And in so doing I might use my colour of revengement for the expelling of mine enemy William Tanner the Keeper there, and after make conveyance to the same Sir Nich. Pelham, but no order determined or should be taken for my men, but that he would receive one into service another should be placed, but understood not where and so I and they should have parted with cert’ pro incerto. [Then came Sir Thomas Stradlinge – asked what Cawarden would demand – if he sold it he would sell it indeed not under 1000 marks] For my lord said, or it my lord would get me the purchase so that he would exclude Tanner the keeper that I might place my man in that place he should have it at a reasonable hand at his own pleasure. But at no time was there ever any manner offer in recompense for mine interests and offices by my lord or by any other for him.

Whiles theis communinges hath byn in duerure the lord lomley sondrey times toke his pleasure thear of my charge at Nonesuche and he with Mr Saunders avyes slyly sought to exclude my seruauntes in the same park dwellinge, and did as hereafter folows.

First on midsomer even last past my lord lumley and Mr Saunder (not making me privey to ther purposes) did set his man in possession of the banketing hous (whiche I haue the keeping of by lettres patentes) and commaunded Thomas Bothe my Tenaunt and Deputie keper thear to deliuer the keis thereof, and said also vnto him that my lord sholde allso haue neade to occupie his hous too. And willing him to prepare for himself in the same tyme and so departed. And on the same midsomer even came thether againe and one william Saunder esquire with him and went to one Richard Butlers the paale walkers loge to him appointed to ly in, and charged him with stealing of leade who thear before them bothe and others prouid himself a treue man, yet notwithstanding forced him to depart from his said lodge and comaunded him further that he shold come no moar within the groundes.

And whearas I did discharge (for notable offences and misdemeanors) one Robert Foster that was heretofore my seruaunt and keper thear of that little park from my seruice at our lady day last past yet vpon sute, gaue him longer libertie in the lodge, and did appoint one Roger Marshall my seruaunt, to serue me in in that roome and place, the said William Saunder the vth day of Agust last past then thear as some as the same Robert Foster was discharged out of the lodge and keping of the said grounds did put againe into the same lodge one William wood Seruaunt vnto the said earle of Arrundell and the said Robert Foster, willing and comaunding them bothe to kepe the same lodge in the possession to my lordes vse. And further one Richard Dormor seruaunt to the said lord lumley said that it was my lorde of Arrundelles pleasure that nether Roger Marshall my said keper nor Richard Butler my paale walker for any cause should come or haue to do with in the grounds from thens for the, and also said vnto Thomas Bothe that my lordes further pleasure was that he sholde deliuer all suche keies as wear in his custedy of the chief mancion hous and sholde fatche suche thinges of his as wear within the said mancion hous out of it and that he shold come no more within the gates thereof. Thus by little and little thei weaded them all out for the tyme (Oenly my keper of the house bys lodge excepted) who yet remayneth.

[Lumley then sent the following letter to Thomas Bothe] ‘You shall perceue that my lorde my father had thought that vpon my declaracion vnto you that his Lordship was mynded to occupie your house for that the same was neadfull if he shold lye at Nonesuche, that you had sought to haue placed yourself in some other hous. And now percevinge the contrary, hath willed me to shew vnto you his pleasure, that you with speade departe out of your house, to thende the same may be redy at his commaundement at his cominge thether, whiche he entendeth very shortley, his pleasure is that you departe within thies iij wiekes at the furthest. Farewell. From Arrundell place, the xxxth of August 1557. Your Frend Lumley’. [Marginal note opposite copy of letter: At the delyvery of the letter my lorde lumley commuaundyd in my lords name all the catel to be voyedyd out of the parke].

And in the meane time my said seruauntes wyves did gather certaine fruytes as apples crabs and suche like [inserted: in the same lyttyll park as theys hearto fooer theas many years have accustomyd] then my lordes man and my lord lumlies man and Foster sometyme my seruaunt did in my lordes name diswarne them wherupon on both partes premise was made that thei shold not me [sic] medled withall any more vntill my lordes pleasure wear known and so left of. But the next day my lordes Folkes and Fosters wif gathered them hooly and Fosters boy caried them to Kingeston and thear sold them at the markett. And perceving this my seruauntes Thomas Bothe william Dethick Roger Marshall Richard Butler and one Barthilmewe hiller the Boroweshed of Cheiham with their children fell to gatheringe and betinge of walnuttes thear in the same little park and in their so doing my lordes men and Foster that was my keper before diswarned them agayen from gathering of any thear that my servuauntes refused to take any warning at their hands: thei went for the said Master Saunder, who came with a company of his Seruauntes [inserted – whoo sayed he came to see the pease kept] and moreover dyd allso dyswarn them my servaunts in like maner refused to take any warning at his handes for what thei wear mocked withall before. Then he iently required them to forbear for a day or two vntill he sent to my lorde and his counsaill: and my lordes men shold not medle with them. With that thei wear content and forbare two daies. And in the meane tyme my said seruaunt Dethick (hauing bene thear about certaine business) brought me word that Mr Saunder had warned them in my lord of Arrundelles name that thei shold gather noue fruest thear. I was offended that any of my men wold geve any credit vnto him (not showing any comission). And further willed the same william Dethick to retorne and bid them gather the nuttes. And at his coming thether declared my comaundement vnto Thomas Bothe Roger Marshall and Richard Butler my seruaunts.

Thomas Bothe and William Dethick considering theis premises, walked towardes Ewell to Mr Saunder to let him vnderstand what comsundement I had sent [inserted - and allso seeking my lordes man and to gyve hym knowlygge for the avyedyng of contensyon] thei bothe in their Jerkins, hauing no weapon but only their daggers and easche of them a rydynge rodde in their handes. And [inserted - hearing that my lordes man was] in the Inne at the towne of Ewell [inserted - whent fyrst thyther and] when thei came yn ther they found william Saintalbons accompanied with vj men more of the said earles of Arrundelles, wherof Richard Dormor william wood and the sayed Robert Foster my late keper wear iij. [inserted - the other fower ther names I know not, and havng] at dynner, whom my said seruauntes saluted: and thei them againe. And then the said Bothe declared vnto Saintalbons my comaundement. Saintalbons said my lordes plesure was, my men shold not medle with them. Then Saintalbons walked on the bakside with Bothe and said that my lord haid sent those men to kepe that my men shold not medle with any thing thear. Whearupon Bothe and he wear concluded that nether thei nor my men shold medle vntill my lord and I had comvned together.

[Whilst they were talking and walking towards Mr Saunders’. Marshall, Butler and Dethick’s men went to the walnut tree to beat down the nuts. By chance they noticed that the door of the keeper’s lodge was open ‘and no cristian creater therein’. Knowing that Cawarden was dissatisfied with them for allowing Arundal’s men to oust them from the lodges, Marshall and Butler ‘went in and put forth a table a table trestle a forme Cubboard and a kettle of Robert Fosters’ and then shut themselves in. Foster’s wife tried to get in, and then went hot-foot to Ewell to break the news to Saunder and Saintalbons. ‘Hear she made exclamacion that she was pulled out of her hous’. Arundel’s men made Bothe go with them as they ‘all togethers went talkinge towardes the said lodge, till thei came vnto the Banketing hous’, where Dethick left them to get his horse ready to ride to Cawarden. The rest went on until they came to the lodge, where Arundel’s men drew their swords ‘and with great noys and violens ran at the said doar with their Fete’. They then fetched a timber battering ram and broke the door down. Foster and his wife, standing by, suddenly cried out ‘Thei come. thei come. thei come’. My lord’s men looked back and saw four men running towards them from the direction of the walnut tree. They were John Goldsmythe, a very sick man, in a long gown, a kerchief and a hat on his head, a staff of his own and the staff that his father, who died a fortnight before and was nearly 80, used to walk with; Dethick’s man, with the end of a hazel pole which he had been using to beat down the walnuts; Thomas Marshall, with a pikestaff, returning from hare- hunting on the Downs; and Barthilmewe Hillard the boroweshed of Cheam, with nothing in his hands, who had been hired to beat the walnuts as ‘he was a good beater of walnuttes’. Four or more of Arundel’s men rushed at them with swords in their hands, Foster and his wife crying ‘Down with them, Down with them’. The sick man found a cowl staff and attempted to defend himself against the three who were attacking him. He was struck in the shoulder and gave up. Dethick’s man, facing two assailants, was struck in the neck from behind by Foster,and as he fell he was wounded in the arm and in two of his fingers, Marshall, with his pike staff, gave a good account of himself against three and then four of Arundel’s men. He struck one of them in the forehead with the pike of his staff; another, after many blows had been exchanged, closed with him, but Thomas ‘bore him over and staggered withall’. Eventually he went down with a great blow on the head from a sword, and as he lay face downwards two or three more struck him and one gave him two great dagger wounds in the head, Hillard, the Boroweshed, called to them to keep the peace, saying that he was the Queen’s officer. Bothe’s son gave his father a pole, and later a staff which he found lying about. Harry Tailor, Keeper of the Great Park, came at the noise, but took no part in the fighting. Dethick arrived on horseback when the fray was ended. Hillard did not fight, but ‘euer kept the peas’. His attempts to assert his authority as the Queen’s officer merely incensed Arundel’s men, who ran fiercely after him ‘crieng to him away villayne. away villaine. or elles we will keyyll ye. away’. Little wonder that when people living near came and besought him to stay and keep the peace he ‘durst not’. The skirmish ended, Arundel’s men went to the lodge, with their swords ready. Bothe asked Saintalbons, as he was a gentleman, to order his men to put away their weapons, and not to run upon those who were within the lodge and destroy them. This was agreed, and there was no more bloodshed. Cawarden afterwards questioned all his men, separately and together, but could not find any reason to doubt their version of the fight; a fight not provoked by them, for they were not prepared for fighting, but in which, had they been armed, they would have given a good account of themselves. He goes on to say that he had never had any recompense from Arundel for the loss of his rights at Nonsuch, except an offer through Mr Pelham which was worse than nothing. ‘And further wher it is now said (sethens the fray) that my patent is forfayte, and Mr Saunder sayes peradventure I have tharbage but not the pannage: and thies matters are beaton into the peeples heades, yea, and that I am an vnreasonable man and will come to no order: yet hathe my lorde as thei saye [inserted - allthough he knowyth that my patent ys forfyte and nothing allowable] offred that his and my learned counsaill shold comvne thear’ and that Arundel would be good to him, but for his stubbornness. Far from these things being true, he himself had never heard that his patent was not valid. Why then should Lord Lumley and Mr Saunder first shoulder him from the keeping of the Banqueting House, then from the mansion house, thirdly from the paler’s lodge, fourthly from the garden rooms, fifthly from the park-keeper’s lodge, sixthly from the housekeeper’s lodge, and seventhly to the pit brink, with force of arms to exclude all his servants and then drive out all the cattle from his herbage, and take away all his pannage?]. Nonsuch Great Park, c.1558

Surrey History Centre: LM/844

A brefe note of the Survey of the grete parke of Nonesoche first the saide parke contenyth – ixc xxvij acres whereof ys errable grounde vijc liiij acres in pasture – jc acres in meddowe – xx acres and in wood grounds – liij acres.

Item euery acre of errable grounde ys worth by the yere – ijs euery acre of pasture grounde ys yerely worth – ijs euery acre of meddow at viijs by the yere and euery acre of [the word ‘wood’ is deleted] Rough grounde is yerely worth to be lettin – ijs.

Item there ys in the saide parke – ccliiij tymber trees valuid at – xxvli xvjs viijd

Item there ys in coppised wooddis – liij acres valuid at sondry prises in the hole to the some of ciiijxx vijli xiijs iiijd

Item there ys diuers other hedgrowes and wood grounds scaterid in diuers places valuyd in the hole to – ciijli xvjs viijd

Item there was dere Anno primo Marie – vlxc and now is there presently – ijc l

Item that Sir Thomas Cawrden hath a pattent for the keping of the said parke — perdiem

Item there ys buyldid a faire stonding well buildid with ij storys couerid with tile and parte with leade.

Item a lodge where in William Tanner dwellith well buyldid.

Item a lodge with barne wherein Symon Cauell doth dwell

Item lij new barnis couerid with tile

Item a stonding to shote at dere couuerid with tyle

Item ij other stondinges vncouerid all of tymber the Reparacions of which are at the quenis charges

Item the said parke is enclosed with pale and doth conteyne xvc iiijxx xiij Roddes. And in pales aboute the medes and paddockis conteynyth vijc lvij Roddis the same being partely in decay.

Item there is no wood sales made in the said parke.

Item that Tanner hath spoylyd ij acres of wood at Kinges hillis at v/marc the acre

Item vj lodes of woodd at xxd the lode.

Item the iiijth parte of an acre at the Easte side of his Lodge at – xs.

Item that Thomas Bothe and Symon gavill hath spoilid xxx lodes of wood at ijs the lode.

Item the said Symon hath spoylid v Ellims at ijs the tree – xs.

Receipts for furnishings from the Wardrobe at Nonsuch, 1558

Surrey History Centre: LM/843/3–4

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1st May, 1558. Receipt for wardrobe stuff at Nonsuch of the charge of Mr Cardyne delivered by his servant Thomas Boythe, keeper of the said house. Cloth of Estate – 6 pieces of deep hangings with the Duke of Somerset’s arms, 3 hangings of crimson velvet embroidered with bulls’ heads… a cushion King Henry’s letters and hawthorne.

/4/

[No date] John Byschchype, servant to Syr Edwarde hastynges – receipt to Thomas Bothe, keeper of Nonsuch. [6 pieces of Fardars, 41 yards 3 quatrains long and 3½ yards deep, but 2 of them 3 yards deep. 1 piece of Fardars ‘for a chymnie’ 1½ by 2½ yards A carpet of Fardars. A ‘barehede’ of ‘lethar’, 7 by 1 yards] Bill for the entertainment of Elizabeth 1 at Nonsuch, August 1559

The National Archives: SP12/6 No.7

[The abbreviation bz for bussellus, ‘bushel’, has been expanded to bussell’]

/sheet 1/

Anno primo Regine Elizabethe Creditor’ fact’ apud Nonesuche pro expensis Domine Regine ibidem per vj Dies videlicat a Sabbati vo Die August’ ad Cen’ vsque Diem Jovis xi Diem eiusdem mensis ad prand’

/sheet 2/

Pistrinum

Johanni Chapman pro xxx bussell’ flor’ pur’ ad ijs vjd le bussell’ lxxvs Et pro xxxvij bussell’ flor’ pur’ pro Diuersis utilis iiijli xijs vjd in toto viijli vijs vjd.

Ricardo White pro Diuersis equis per ipsum cond’ ad portand’ pane’ predict’ inter Hampton’ et Nonesuche per vj dies mensis August’ vjs

Johanni Chapman pro furnag’ de lxvij bussell’ flor’ pur’ ad ijd bussell’ xjs ijd

Staur’ Regine

Johanni Lingard pro vij qrt frumenti de Staur Regine Expend’ in officio Pastillia xlvjs viijd

Eidem pro vij ml vijC pane provenient’ de xxxv q’ vj bussell’ frumenti ad vjs viijd qrt. de Staur Domine Regins xjli xviijs iiijd

Summa xxiijli ixs viijd

Panetria

Hugoni Apparye pro xxxdd’ pane empt’ ad xijd dd’ xxxs et pro xijdd’ pane liberat’ ad offic’ Larder’ pro Coquinariis xijs in toto xlijs

Nicolao Clementes pro cariagio x carr’ panis inter Hamptoncorte et Nonesuche ad xd car’ viijs iiijd [‘xjs viijd’ is deleted] [‘at pro fact’ j Cartclothe ijs vjd [?] is deleted] in toto viijs iiijd [‘xiijs ijd’ is deleted]

Hugoni Apparrye pro expensis suis in prouis’ panis et farin’ frumenti per vij Dies vjs viijd [‘xiijs’ is deleted] Summa Lvijs

/sheet 3/

Buttilleria

Willelmo Kelsick pro iiij doleis Ceruise [doleum cervisae – a tun of ale] ad xxxiijs iiijd dol’ mens’ Aug’ apud Nonesuche vjli xiijs iiijd

Robarto Walker pro iij doleis Ceruise ut supra Cs

Willelmo Beswicke pro ij doleis Ceruise ut supra lxvjs viijd

Thomas Bacon pro iiij doleis Ceruise ut supra vjli xiijs iiijd

Ricardo Nott pro ij doleis Ceruise ut supra lxvjs viijd

Robarto Rose pro j doleo Ceruise ut supra xxxiijs iiijd

Michaelo Alyson pro j doleo Ceruise ut supra xxxiijs iiijd

Willemo Brighman pro j doleo Ceruise ut supra xxxiijs iiijd vidue Maye pro ij doleis Ceruise ut supra lxvjs viijd

Richardo peltar pro j doleo Ceruise ut supra xxxiijs iiijd

Arnoldo Lowberye pro vj doleis Bere ut supra xli

Eidem pro j doleo Bere ibidem xxiiijs

Ricardo Denbolde pro iiij doleis pip’[pipa, a pipe measure] Bere ad xxxiijs iiijd doleum vijli xs

Eidem pro j doleo Bere ibidem xxiiijs

Ricardo Nixson pro j doleo Bere ibidem ut supra xxxiijs iiijd

Rn [The following item deleted: Ricardo Gardinar servient’ Cell’ pro viij doleis j hog’ vini vaston’ et franc’ ad [‘ad’ is deleted] viz vinum vaston’]

Staur’ Regine

Ricardo Gardinar pro iij doleis j hog’ vini vaston’ xixli xs – iij doleis ij hog’ vini fr’ xviijli xiijs iiijd – j doleo pip’ vini sobis vjli – ij doleis iij hog’ vini racked xvjli xs – pro ij [? almes] viij scrines vini [ram?] vjli viijs – j but’ xxiiij g’ sacke vijli iiijs – xxx g’ muscad’ xls in toto de staur’ Regine:- Vinum vaston et fr’ xj dolea Deuerij lxxxvjli [vs] iiijjd vinum [ ram?] ij alm’ viij scr’ Deuerij vjli viijs vinum dulc’ j but’ liiij g’ Deuerij ixli iiijs

Willelmo Stanton pro cariagio xix doleorum Ceruis et bere’ inter London et Nonesuche per xj mill’ xxxiiijs xd et pro streking et uesting eiusdem xxd in toto xxxvjs vjjd

Nicholao Birde pro cariagio xiiij doleorum Ceruis’ et bere inter London et Nonesuche per xj mill’ xxvs viijd – pro cariagio j dolei Ceruis’ de Eltham vsque Nonesuche ijs – pro cariagio j pip’ Ceruis’ de Croydon vsque Nonesuche xd in toto xxviijs vjd

Thomas Luntleye pro cariagio etc vini ut supra xlvs

Edwardo Creswell et socijs suis pro Diuers’ pip’ vac’ Et feod’ xxs

Summa Cliiijli xviijs viijd

Summa totalis Huius Creditoris’ apud Nonesuche predict’ ixC ljli xiiijs vd

Inde Staur’ Regine ad Solvend’ Cofferario iijC lvjli xviijs xd ob qa.

Vis’ per: Thomam Weldon Stonehous Anthony Weldon J Skynner

Pistrinum – xxiijli ixs viijd Panetria – lvijs Buttilleria – Cliijli xviijs viijd Garderobe – Clxvjli vs jd ob. qa Coquinaria et Larder’ – Cliiijli xiijs Emptoria – lxviijli xvijs jd Pulletria – iijC vijli iijs ixd Scuttillaria – xxxiiijli xiiijd Salsaria – viijli ijs viijd Aula etc – xxvjli xvjs xjd Stabulum – iiijli ixs iiijd

In Regard’ Dat’ Diuersis Offic’ hospic’ Domine Regine lxvjli xiijs iiijd

Grant of Nonsuch Great Park to Henry Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel, 1 September 1560

The National Archives: C66/960

[D] con’ Henr’ Com’ Arrundell’ sibi et heredibus Regina etc. Omnibus ad quos etc. salute Cum nos per literas nostras patentes sub magno Sigillo nostro Anglie confertas gerentes datum apud Westmonasterium vicesimo octave die Octobris Anno regni nostri primo dedimus concessimus et confirmauimus Johanni lumley’ Militi Domino Lumley inter alia herbagium et pannagium parci nostri de Nonesuch vocati the greate parke of Nonesuch in Comitatu nostro Surrie. habendum et gaudendum herbagium et pannagium predicta inter alia prefato Johanne’ Domino Lumley’ per seipsum vel per sufficientem deputatum suum siue sufficientes deputatos suos pro termino vite ipsius Johannis Domini Lumley’ absque composicione seu aliquo alio pro herbagio et pannagio predictis nobis heredibus vel successoribus nostris reddendum faciendum vel soluendum prout per easdem literas patentes inter alia plenius liquet et apparet: Reuersione et reuercionibus herbagii et pannagli predictorum nobis ac heredibus et Successoribus nostris pleno spectante et pertinente

Sciatis quod nos tam in consideracione Manerii de Combe alias dicti Nethercombe alias dicti Eastecombe ac Capitalis Mesuagij siue Mansionis de Nethercombe alias Eastcombe ac aliorum terrarum tenementorum et hereditamentorum cum pertinenciis in parochia de Easte Grenewich in Comitatu nostro Kant’ per predilectum et fidelem Consanguineum et Consiliarium nostrum henricum Comitem Arundell’ nobis heredibus et Successoribus nostris nuper dat’ concess’ barganizat’ et vendit’ quam pro summa ducentarum sexaginta quatuor librarum et decem solidorum legalis Monete Anglie ad Receptionem Scaccarij nostri ad vsum nostrum per predictum Comitem premanibus bene et fideliter persolutorum vnde facemur nos plenarie fore satisfacti et persoluti eundemque Comitem heredes executores et Administratores suos inde acquietatos at exoneratos esse per presentes de gracia nostra speciali ac ex carta scientia et mero motu nostris dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus et Successoribus nostris damus et concedimus prefato henrico Comiti Arrundell’ reuersionem et reuersiones herbagii et pannagii predictorum et cuius libet inde parcellarum Aceciam totum illum parcum nostrum de Nonesuche vocatum the great parke of Nonesuch Ac omnia terras, prata, pascuas, pasturas boscos et hereditamenta nostra vocata seu cognita per nomen de le greate parke of Nonesuche alias the North parke of Nonesuche alias the Olde parke of Nonesuche cum suis iuribus membris libertatibus et pertinencilis vniuersis in dicto Comitatu nostro Surrie Aceciam omnis domos edificia logeas horres structures aquas stagna vinaria terras et solum ac [heredita deleted] hereditamenta nostra quecumque infra Circuitum Ambitum et precinctum predicti parci et infra palacias eiusdem parci inclusa existentia Aut vt membra partes vel parcellas eiusdem parci antehac habita cognita accepta vsitata seu reputata existentia

Necnon omnes et omnimodo [a word deleted] damas et feras nostras quascumque tam masculos quam femellas in predicto parco existentes Ac omnes et omnimodo boscos subboscos et arbores nostras quascumque de in et super premissis crescentes et existentes Ac totam terram fundum et solum eorumdem boscorum subboscorum et arborum Ac reuersionem et reuersiones quascumque omnium et singulorum premissorum cum suis pertinenciis et cuiuslibet inde parcellis

Necnon reddita reuenciones et annualia proficua quecumque reseruata super quibuscumque dimissionibus et concessionibus de premissi seu de aliqua inde parcella quoquomodo facta

Necnon omnia et omnimodo eadem huiusmodi et consimilia liberas Warrennas et libertates libere Warrenne et parci ac alias libertate iura Franchesias immunitates prehiminenc’ proficua et commoditates quecumque infra parcum predictum ac cetere premissa ac infra circuitum limitem et procinct’ [sic] eiusdem Adeo plane libere et integra ac in tam amplia modo et forma prout aliqutis alius vel aliqui alii predictum parcum ac cetera premissa superius per presentes preconcessa aut aliquam inde parcellam antehac habentes possidentes aut seisinatos inde existentes vnquam habuerunt tenuerunt vel [gauisos] fuerunt habuit tenuit vel [?gauisum] fuerit seu habere tenere vel gaudere debuerunt aut debuit in parco predicto ac ceteris premissis cum suis pertinenciis superius per presentes preconcessia aut alique inde parcella racione vel pretextu alicuius Carte doni concessionis vel confirmacionis aut aliquarum literarum patencium per nos seu per aliquem Pregenitorum nostrorum anthehac facte concessionis seu confirmacionis aut racione vel pretextu alicuius prescriptoris vsus seu consuetudinis antehac habiti seu vsitati vel aliter quocumque modo iure seu titulo

Et adeo plene libere et integre ac tam amplis mono et forma prout nos aut aliquis Progenitorum nostrorum parcum predictum ac cetera premissa superius per presentes preconcessa aut aliquam inde parcellam habuimus et [?gauisos] fuimus aut habuere et [?gauisum] fuers vel habere et gaudere debuimus aut habere vel gaudere debuerunt quocumque modo iure seu titulo

Concedimus eciam ex certa scientia et mero moto nostris et pro consideracione predicta pro nobis heredibus et Successoribus nostris prefato Comiti heredibus et Assignatis suis quod ipsi de tempore in tempus [sic] imperpetuum habeant et habere possint infra parcum predictum ambitum procinct’ circuitum et limites eiusdem et infra omnia et singula premissa cum suis pertinenciis superius per presentes preconcessum tam libertatem parci quam liberam Warrennam cum omnibus libertatibus aduantagiis priuilegiis communitatibus preheminencijs libero parco et libera Warrenna seu eorum [acti’] pertinenciis siue spectantibus ad omnia intenciones et proposita in tam amplis modo et forma prout aliquis alius habens et gaudens libertatem liberi parci et libere Warrenne infra hoc regnum nostrum Anglis habet seu gaudet vel habere seu gaudere debet racione vel pretextu alicuius carte concessionis vel confirmacionis aut aliquarum literarum patentium per nos seu per aliquem Progenitorum nostrorum antehac facte concessionis seu confirmacionis aut racione alicuius prescriptionis vsus seu consuetudinis ante hac habuit seu vsitat: aut aliter quocumquo modo iure seu titulo. habendum tenendum et gaudendum reuersionem et reuersiones predictas ac predictum parcum

Necnon predicta Mesuagia domos edificia structuras terras prata pascuas pasturas boscos subboscos redditu reuersiones liberas Warrenn’ libartates libere Warrenn’ et parci ac cetera omnia et singula premissa superius expressa et specificata ac per presents preconcessa cum eorum pertinenciis vniversis prefato henrico Comiti Arrundell’ heredibus et assignatis suis ad proprium opus et vsum ipsius henrici Comitis Arrundell’ heredum et assignatorum suorum imperpetuum

Tenendum de nobis heredibus et Successoribus nostris in Capite per seruicium quadragesime partis vnius feodi militis pro omnibus redditibus seruiciis exaccionibus et demandis quibuscumque Et vlterius de ampliori gracia nostra dedimus et concessimus ac per presentes damus et concedimus prefato henrico Comiti Arrundell’ omnia exitus redditu reuenciones et proficua omnium et singulorum premissorum cum pertinenciis A festo Anunciacionis beate Marie virginis vltimo preteriter hucusque prouenientia siue crescentia habendum eidem Comiti ex dono nostro absque compositio seu aliquo alio prouide nobis heredibus vel Successoribus nostris quoquomodo reddend’ soluend’ vel faciend’ Et vlterius de amplior gracia nostra volumus ac pro nobis heredibus et Successoribus nostris per presentes concedimus prefatu henrico Comiiti Arrundell’ heredibus et assignatis suis quod nos heredes et Successores nostril imperpetuum annuatim et de tempore in tempus exonerabimus acquietabimus et indempnes conseruabimus tam prefatum henricum Comitem Arrundell’ heredes et assignatos suos quam predictum parcum Mesuagia terras tenementa ac cetera omnia et singula premissa superius per presentes preconcessa cum pertinenciis et quamlibet inde parcellam versus nos heredes et Successores nostros et versus quascumque alias personas et aliam personam quamcumque de omnibus et omnimodo corrodiis redditibus feodis annuitatibus et denariorum summis ac omnibus quibuscumque de premissis seu de aliqua inde parcella quoquomodo exeuntibus seu soluendis vel superinde oneratis seu onarandis preterquam de seruiciis superius per presentes reseruatis Ac preterquam de vadio et feodo quatuor denariorum per diem annuatim allocandis Johanni Lumley Militi Domino Lumley pro terrmino vite sue pro exercitio et occupacione Officii Custodis parcarum gubernatoris et deduct’ parci damarum Ferarum logiorum domorum et edificiorum premissorum superius per presentes preconcess’ Ac preterquam de dimissionibus et concessionibus pro termino vite vel annorum de premissis seu de aliqua inde parcell’ Fact’ super quibus antiquus redditus vel plus reseruat’ Ac preterquam de omnibus que aliquis Firmarius sue aliqui firmarii premissorum racione aliquarum Indenturarum et dimissionum suarum exonerare tenetur seu tenentur Volentes enim et per presentes firunt’ iniungend’ precipientes tam Thesaurar’ Cancellar’ et Baronibus dicti [Scaccarii] nostri heredum et Successorum nostrorum quam omnibus Receptionibus Auditoribus et alijs Officiarijs et ministris nostris heredum et Successorum nostrorum quibus cumque pro tempore existentis quod ipsi et eorum quilibet super solam demonstracionem harum literatum nostrarum patentium vel irrotulamentum earundem absque aliquo alio brevi seu Warranto nobis heredibus vel Successoribus nostris quoquomodo [impetrand’] seu prosequend’ plenam integram debitamque allocacionem et exoneracionem manifestam de omnibus et omnimodo [huiusmodi] corrod’ reddit’ feod’ annuitatibus et denariorum summis ac omnibus quibuscumque de premissis superius per presentes preconcess’ vt prefert’ exeun’ seu soluend’ vel superinde onerat’ seu onerand’ (except’ preexcept’) prefato henrico Comiti Arrundell’ hered’ et assignatis suis Facient et de tempore in tempus Fieri causabunt. Et litere nostre patentes vel irrotulamentum earundem erunt annuatim et de tempore in tempus tam dictis Thesaurar Cancellar’ Baronibus dicti scaccarli nostri heredum et Successorum nostrorum quam omnibus Receptoribus Auditoribus et alijs Officiarijs et Ministris nostris heredum et Successorum nostrorum quibuscumque pro tempore existen’ sufficien’ Warrantum et exoneracio in hac parte olumus sciam etc absque fine in hanaperio etc Eo quod expresso mencio etc In cuius vei etc TR apud Redgrave vno die septembris per breve de priuato sigillo etc

A Brief and True Description of the Splendid and Most Royal House that is Commonly Called Nonsuch, by Anthony Watson, c.1590

Trinity College, Cambridge: MS R.7.22

[A translation (apart from the marginal headings and the final poetic translation, originally in English) of Magnificae, et plane regiae domus, quae vulgo vocatur Nonesuch, brevis et vera description, Antonii Watsoni (c.1590)]

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How much admiration time and men have bestowed on the image of Venus, Appelles’ work! Antiquity justly praised the situation and the site, the form and the construction of the villa of Pliny, and posterity will most mindfully extol it. And there is the museum of Jupiter, which was worthy of Jupiter; it was distinguished for its fine likenesses of the great, and much more renowned for its pictures of the Muses and its books of the virtues, and it allured with the greatest delights citizens, pilgrims, strangers and servants. But there is always a boor in the crowd; he easily carps who cannot rival; Venus’ surpassing beauty did not lack the censure of an unsightly shoemaker; the Plinian glories, the marble halls, fell beneath the weight of dull opinion, and many delights now of nature, now of art, were found wanting in the learned luxuries of Jupiter, the pleasures of the Museum. Is there hope that we should have better auguries, if we touch with the thin thread of our diction on the most noble form of the royal Palace? For like attempt shall there be equal fortune? Indeed it is always holiday-time for the lazy, the faint-hearted have never won the trophies; and the critic most likely will gnash his teeth. If the cobbler does not stick to his last, he deserves to have the finger of scorn pointed at him; but if the critic, jealous of virtue, should lay hands on the past, let him be bidden go hang; conquer through patience: for in the one is seen too much irascibility, in the other too little humanity. But I am especially refreshed by this consideration, that in whatever words I may portray it, I shall be vindicating from the hasty judgement or poisonous envy of all, the wondrous beauty of the edifice, to which the voice of the people (as it were the voice of God) has given the name – Nonsuch. Now peace be unto them, let us proceed to a fuller delineation of our subject.

When Henry the Eighth, king of England, glory of martial honour, and pride of the Christian world, had suppressed with the courage of a Hector, and the fortune of a Scipio, the raging of the enemy; and made firm with the clemency of Laelius and the skill of Cato the peace of his people: he then turned his thoughts to redeeming the tolls of war, to making ready the consolations of old

/f.1v/ age, and to preparing enduring memorials of his good fortune and heroic soul. While the king pondered these cares, men of intelligence, and wise through long experience, assemble; counsel is taken, fertile quarters of the island traversed; the more healthful places visited; and the measure having been taken of mountains, valleys, lands, rivers, at length with great wisdom they settle on those stretches of country, that are now called ‘Nonsuch’. The name truly is not unworthy either of the judgement of a sage, or of the most healthy and temperate climate: but it is most worthy indeed of the royal majesty of the author and the most brilliant artistry of the work. If the ancient Earth Goddess wanted to provide a most gracious place of dwelling for the Nymphs, would she not envy the fortune of the most invincible king? Would she not lament the lost NONSUCH? Bewail its pre-emption before herself and hers? O how glorious it would be if a Poet, or writer, or even some Apelles should draw its portrait with their art! How wise on my part rather to hide it with a veil! For the splendid genius of the place gave the nature of the region a most famous name, and the royal magnificence reared an edifice worthy of a name so great, that as often as I put an end to my praises, so I am drawn afresh to start admiring. the benefits of situacion for health, for pleasure, for profite The noble situation of this building, which was made the richer in tribute to the king, lacked no graces of climate or of soil, and in purity of atmosphere, in goodness of land, in wealth of grass and herbs, of trees, of fruit, and of deer it stood pre-eminent. no offence by showers Observe the site of the Palace on a small elevation in a rolling plain, which even the eyes of Lynceus could scarcely perceive or distinguish; yet thanks to this, storms, and showers from the sky, pouring round the place, water it lightly, but cannot leave the inconvenience of storms. On the side on which the fearful North Wind blows, fertile lands lie, and a grassy expanse of pastures, which give way to a gently rising hill clothed with woods and orchards, and made most pleasant by the consort of birds, that are the country’s consolations. On the side of the cloudy East Wind, the open field is apt for all crops, for five miles (quinque millia passum), but towards the west it stretches for about twenty-five miles (ducenta fere stadia); and there the ardour of the hounds to hunt the hare, and the hawk’s swiftness to pursue the dove aloft in the clouds, and the timid partridge, give delight. When the whistling of the South Wind, blowing hot, or threatening rain, shows itself too wild, it is easily calmed by the opposition of the gentle hill and the high trees interposed, so that it does not grow harmful to the people, or too fierce to the palace itself. Lastly the winds that rustle through flowers and lessen the cold, the pleasant West Winds, if they are somewhat mild bring

/f.2r/ much refreshment; if they are too fierce, they are repelled with no trouble by the natural garrisons of the place and the strength of the corners. the best defence against tempestes Wherever one bends one’s eyes and mind, above, one finds delight, on earth, beauty; the remorseless force of the winds which always envies the glory of art, and too often has shaken the memorials of the ages, is thrown off by the pleasant brows of the hills, or tempered by the steadfast patience of the trees. Who dies not congratulate the king on his fortune, who has found the nature of the place a mother, not a stepmother? Who does not admire the nobility that laid the foundations of the three courts, enclosed them with towers and with walls, endowed each order with its most ample decorations, hardly to be described, let alone repeated? O ye gods, what labour, what servants, what axes, what crowbars, what artists, what sums of money were needed for so great a task! the first gate[house is deleted] The spacious gate house of the lower court, lying equally between west and north, looks inwards straight on the beauty of the admirable work: outside it is graced with the fragrant verdure of the fields, and a plain thick with grass of about a hundred and forty acres (instar centum quadraginta iugerum). In the middle of a field a silver spring bursts forth with gleaming waves, and flows through a most broad expanse of plains into the majestic river Thames. Nearby there lie a leafy grove, that no age has yet cut down, and wooded hillocks clothed with the foliage of trees. This gatehouse of which I speak, most beautiful in size and appearance, is graced with the twin projections of a stone window, bearing the insignia of king and kingdom worked with exquisite art; it rises, distinguished with four towers, with great nobility through four floors. On the right and left front, at the expense of the most noble Earl of Arundel, boarded pictures (contabulatae formae) increase its grandeur, and add a new point to its brilliance. When one enters the house itself, behold, there meet one paths going across (transversas), paved, for many paces, in smooth stone; and everywhere else in rougher rock. You will see the amplitude of the rooms, the splendour of the windows, the manifestly royal form of the building, the pinnacles aloft in the sky, which at the bottom are held up by little animals, and at the top bear dogs and griffins and lions resting on decorated shields. kitchin [?courte] To the east a way lies open to a somewhat darker court, which one would say was most suited to the removal of the dins of kitchens and the household round of duties. To the west is the way to the stables, in which the panting horses are excited to fury, and champ their foaming bits. An archway (regia) leads by the ascent, not of one or two, as in the Pantheon at Rome, but of eight steps to the royal court, which by right, and in the judgement of all, is called Nonsuch. inner [gate] When you have greeted its threshold, and seen with eyes dazzled the shining lustre of the stones, glittering with purest gold – it is not surprising if it should hold you senseless as if

/f.2v/ struck by a picture of Actaeon, or some statue by Polyclitus. In the middle gatehouse (which outdoes the first by one tower, a clock, a symphony, and six gilded horoscopes), one would swear that the light and most delicate hand of Praxiteles had hewn the manifold projection of the windows from the heart of the rock. Among them are hardest stones marvellously cut in the living image of plants, trees, deer, birds, lions and men; and in the insignia of the Royal Grandeur, that built so rich a work; of the heroic Henry, Earl of Arundel, who owned it next, and added various honourable decorations; and of Lord Lumley, most noble Baron, to whom the house was bequeathed, and who thought out the most exquisite delights of pleasure, honour, prosperity and wonder. As you stop in your stride and look round amazed, a musical concord of bells – the clock in the tower on high – will rouse your flagging spirits, and bathe the ears in equal delight at the space of every half-hour, a reminder of passing time. The most potent King Henry, either having greater problems on his mind, or doubting the abundance of water, or prevented by fate from giving this tower a top, the most illustrious Earl Henry, last of the noble family of Fitzalans, most worthy subject of so great a prince, set up a lofty hollow tower most worthy of such a building. the fountaine of the inner courte The quadrangular space, laid with perfectly square stones brought in from Newcastle that graces the river Tyne, shows nowhere anything to displease, but by the fountain displays much delight and the very perfection of art. From this a constant and noble spring plashing with flowing waves, equals perhaps in size, Arethusa, and will certainly excel it in its rich vein of marble and its higher jet. As I start to mention this fountain, I seem to see a noble horse, fit for war and peace, aloft at the top of the third pillar, look round with fierce regard, leaving a sad reminder of his deceased master. The white horse, as if leaping up a slope, holds in one foot a graven stone, with the other, whiter than snow, like Neptune king of the waters, he directs the clearest waves into a hollowed marble stone. Three slender maidens with milk-white bodies, Graces perhaps, gain strength by entwining three hands to support, unwearied, with their other hands, a stone resting on their snowy shoulders, in which more little water-pipes are wont to mix their most pleasing murmur. Hence purest water flows into a marble basin, the pleasant burden of two golden griffins, through whose open mouths so great a force of waters is poured out into the ivory

/f.3r/ marbles, that surround the leaden bowl, that neither for ornament nor for utility could one desire more. I pass over the huge mass of stones, that such an army of wagons bore along, from which were laid for ten cubits the foundations that shall last for all time. Would that what lies on top could be either passed over, dry-foot, or painted in living hues: but accept what follows.

From the powdered ashes of stone, skilfully moistened, a material was formed most apt for any impression, which having followed a natural course of drying is seen to be harder than adamant; industry mastered this medium, and all places are full of kings, Caesars, sciences, gods.

The Kinges syde. the Q. syde of the courte Since the whole edifice is royal, it is divided into a king’s and a queen’s side, and access to the court is similar from each side. Scipio, clothed in bronze garments, guards night and day the king’s way, and warlike Penthesilea the queen’s. In the middle of the front that lies opposite the gatehouse, the invincible king Henry, like an honorary judge, sits in the curule throne, treading under foot a maned lion, and now harking to the flowing waters lightly murmuring; or watching the doyens of the arts intent on their provinces; or smiling at the counterfeit works of the gods; or growing young again with his son Edward, most gracious prince of admirable genius. Can harm befall the body politic, when its most sagacious king, wielding the sceptre, is protected, on the right, by the doyens of arts and virtues and the avenging goddesses, on the left, by the feats of Hercules and the tender care of the gods; that he may act always in affairs without danger, in rest with dignity? the godes graven on the kinges syde Time would run out, if I should dwell on every point: yonder grave Saturn threatens the earth with frozen face, and Jupiter favours the prayers of men and gods. There Mercury the messenger of the gods and god of merchants and thieves, fulfils his duty with swift tongue; and old Aeolus, king of the tempests, now holds the winds imprisoned, now with cautious judgement opens the gate. Here triumphing in his golden tripod, author of poetry, leader of prophecy, god of medicine, and striker of the lute, is seer Apollo. There hairy Pan, encircled about the horns with a wreath of pine-leaves, blows a light reed, into which the poets say Syrinx was transformed lest the embrace of the rough guardian of the sheep should betray her; and Vulcan diligently plying his tools, weaves the iron net, with which to expose the immodesty of his shameless wife. Do you want the fearsome arms of Mars, blind greed’s yet blinder counsels, proud Pluton’s prosperous fortunes? Do you want to address without danger, or watch with pleasure, the spirits inaccessible to mortals? Turn your steps and

/f.3v/ your eyes to that theatre of the gods. If this narrative fires you with the desire to visit it, certainly the beauty of the work itself will leave no satiety of seeing. It were almost a labour of Hercules to describe the fretted ceilings (florida laquearia) full of flowers, the insignia, and images, from which the labours and toils of Hercules, which follow next in this order, perhaps deter me. All those to which the memorials of the ancients bear witness the walls of this house recall, and first among them the swan’s swaddling-clothes, in which you will see Hercules destroy the deadly hydras. hercules his labours I start back trembling at the daring of the swift lion which eludes the faithful custody of the guards and all the watchmen, and rushes at the walls of the royal chamber; there lying hid in wait he leaps down on Hercules, fills heaven and earth with his roaring, but at length is wretchedly rent in mouth and throat. Eurystheus incites him to battle, but uneven is the match and unhappy the boy, for he is torn by the teeth of Hercules. In the same place Hercules carries off, into the heights, the boar gnashing its teeth; he drags the three-headed Cerberus out from the nether regions; he fells the thief Cacus with his club; he breaks off a horn of the bull of Achilles; and he hurls his deadly arrows against the rapacious Harpies. If the heavens should fall, no place of escape remains, nor hope of safety. How thankful, then, must we be to Hercules, who here carried the swaying weight of the sky upon his shoulders, so that neither this building of King Henry, the glory of the earth, nor the garlanded thrones of the Caesars, not the carved portrayals of the gods, should be brought to ruin by a sudden catastrophe. What strength he had to set up (so they say) two pillars on the seashore, and to restrain a stag by the antlers; what courage to pluck the golden apple, to join issue with Nessus, the centaur, to slay Hydra, the serpent of many heads, and to assail sceptre-bearing Juno, queen of the gods, with his mighty arm! When Hercules had accomplished such great labours, and had successfully endured a thousand trials, at length through the guile of his wife a garment is brought him steeped in the poison of Nessus. Hercules puts it on (ah woe!) and climbs the mountain destroying himself with fire, hearing nothing but the voice of Echo in reply to his dismal cries. the goddesses graven on the Q. syde On the right, in the middle band (in medio orbe) wherever your keen eyes turn, ‘it is no human voice that sounds, goddess thou surely art’ [Virgil, Aeneid 1 l.328]. For next comes the all too beautiful Venus who leads her winged boy by the hand; either because she has had her fill of her own particular pleasures or because she wishes to give a warning to the headlong thoughts of youth, she intones in a high voice and writes in letters of gold: ASSECLA VENERIS POENITENTI. The pronouncement of Jove is well- known, that either Proserpine must fast or she must dwell in the lower regions. She does not fast, and she is not permitted to return to the gods.

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One thing she may do – she points out the forbidden fruit and warns the heedful (I think) king: NIL TIBI CUM INFERIS. Ceres, armed with a curved sickle, inspires enthusiasm for sowing, raises hope of a more abundant harvest, and outlines the advantages of good management. Then Pallas, the goddess born from the brain of Jove, urges us in an eloquent portrayal to the glory of wisdom; and Hebe, the only daughter of Juno, laments for thrift too long delayed as she reaches the bottom of the empty jar. If you listen to the words of Diana: SIS TUI SIMILIS; if you do not listen, you will be just like the antlered Actaeon whom the chaste virgin makes an exhibition to gods and men alike. What capital offence is there, unworthy of regal splendour or a menace to the human race, that the portrayed behaviour of the goddesses does not reprove, nor their opinions, set down in letters of gold, reject? In the next place queen Juno, the sister and wife of Jove, walks with queenly steps, she who, shall I say more out of cunning than piety, constrained all proud spirits and every arrogant being in the peacock spreading his bejewelled tail. Cybele does her utmost to draw all men to the love of valour; Leda, the wife of King Tyndareus, tells Jove, who assaults her in the form of a swan: ALIENA NON CONCUPISCERE. To Daphne, so the story says, there remain everlasting monuments of her fresh maidenhood, but the circumstances are uncertain; and Ariadne urges that passion must be curbed. Erigone warns you against indulging in wine, Opportunity against wasting time. From Europa you may learn that appearances are not to be trusted, and from Nemesis that wicked intentions will be overthrown. To those fountains of prudence I can but point a finger (as the saying goes), so much does my discourse hasten on to the remainder. In the lower band (in inferiori orbe), fallen from the haunts of the gods, reign the Sciences and Virtues.

Artes There Grammar unfolds the elements of speech and teaches language, leading us on to the study of the humanities. Dialectic applies the powers of oratory and the weight of arguments by which opposing causes are roundly overthrown. Music, the medicine of the troubled mind, flows into the senses and minds of men. Geometry, which was held in the highest honour among the Greeks, is now restored to its onetime splendour and has recovered its age-old dignity. There the old man Aratus gives great pleasure, drawing straight and circular lines, while he philosophises about the motion of the heavens and the path of the stars. But when he waxes too enthusiastic about the influence of the constellations and concerns himself with pronouncements about life and the future, he follows a path that leads easily into error and swiftly into danger. From these we may conjecture with how much praise the rest of the arts pour out all the treasures

/f.4v/ of science and of pleasure at the will and command of the king.

[sev]erall verteues Adjoining is a series of virtues that bring to bear both scrolled mosaics (vermiculata emblemata) and the weight of their utterances in order to root out the heart of vice. Patience, who holds a place not to be disdained in the common round of life, is hardened against all injury; she abhors the spirit of revenge, and is seen crowned with the laurel of victory. Humility does not envy praise given to another, nor grows haughty with her own, and is endowed with the nature of a lamb rather than of a lion. Courage sits fearless with one arm against another; busying herself with perils to be averted, she pursues the glory of valour and shows no fear of any dangers whatever. Temperance does not overstep the bounds of the golden mean, sets a limit to the chief delights, and considers it praiseworthy to have abstained from the pleasing good things of life. The wise Socrates, when bitten by a snake, either to deal with the traditional wickedness of the enemy or to attend to the newly inflicted wound, seizes up a mirror and, having seen the wound, suddenly addresses someone thus: NOSCE TEIPSUM. Aristides, too just I fear, thinks affairs should be managed with the fairest of balances, seeks out false weights with Vatinian hatred, never turns aside from the path of virtue, nor can he be swayed by power, nor corrupted by favour, nor tainted by bribes.

[Th]eologicall [ve]rteues Also present are Theological virtues like queens, the pillars of piety, the preceptresses of religion, the high priestesses of constancy, the faithful and Christian counsellors of a Christian king. Hope, with clasped hands and eyes raised heavenward, does not have her anchor fixed in the ground, but is sustained by the certain expectation of future glory, for: SPE VIVIMUS OMNES. CHARITAS VNIT OMNIA; she has no time for affectation; one man she embraces in her arms, the other she leads by the hand, and she fails none in the true service of compassion. Next comes rare Faith clothed in white vestments, presented with the cup of salvation, supported by the surest promises of God, bedecked with the praise of our victory, and securely triumphant upon an ivory throne. the higheste order beutified with emperoures There remains the noble and outstanding majesty of the Caesars that adds royal splendour to left and right and on every side and increases the glory of the building. Julius Caesar is here, the father of the empire and the first of the emperors. Octavius Augustus is here, an honour to his country, who found Rome built of brick and left it built of marble; perchance had fate allowed, he would have handed it on in gold. Why should I say much? From the first to the thirty-first, from Julius Caesar to Aemilianus, all flow

/f.5r/ together in most pleasing concord. Under the rule of these men the space of almost three hundred years is unfolded, changes are noted, conspiracies are discovered, plans are settled, the results of plans are carefully examined. They bring to King Henry the experience of years, honourable steadfastness, outstanding dignity, the courage of the Caesars, and an almost divine wisdom in the conduct of affairs. the entraunce in to the house. the garde chamber. Setting foot, with Scipio’s permission, into the king’s quarters, with your first glance you will greet a spacious chamber designed for the members of the royal guard. From there the way goes up via generous winding steps magnificently built to where men of less noble rank await the results of deliberations or attend upon the wish of their overlords. the presence Those, however, who were born in better circumstances or harbour noble spirits, are admitted to the most glorious precincts of the majestic presence. Indeed, the arrangement of the precincts is not lacking in majesty, rejoicing as it does on the one hand in the riches of the courtyard, and on the other in the perplexing twists of the maze and the scented beauty of the garden. the closettes. the privy chambres From there, leaving the sacred apartments on the right, extends the dignified approach to the king’s privy chamber, which is adorned with most pleasing windows and is aware of not the slightest disturbance either from the wind or from the view outside or from noise. Here there flows towards the east crystal water trickling from the mouth of a silver serpent under the foot of a swift lion, water that gives out a pleasant taste to the thirsty palate and a most sweet sound to the delicate ear. The flowing water is collected in a black but well-shaped receptacle (index), to which has been added especially fine ornamentation by a perfection of art and nature. When you have admired all the details, behold you have a somewhat narrower room which to the right leads to a lofty tower if you go up, to a richly planted garden if you go down, while to the loft it leads into two fine chambers more exclusively reserved for the king. the bedde chambre. the galery To those by a most discerning choice is adjoined the royal bedchamber, so that nothing conducive to the pleasure or safety or majesty of the king should be found wanting. Indeed, at the back is sited a gallery, magnificent with every device and the most sumptuous appointment, comparable with the best of the Greek ones. At the front a new paradise flourishes again rising on a small hillock in the middle and laid out and ornamented with a fountain of shining marble, with four times four ivory columns, with beautifully painted vases of flowers, and plants of various kinds.

From the king’s quarters we go across to the queen’s, which are accorded the unrestricted benefit and use of the gallery and are set off as far as the gate of Penthesilea by the same dimensions and ornamentation. Throughout the rest of the whole house dukes, marquises, counts, viscounts, barons, knights, squires, noblemen, each according to the demands of his rank, sojourn without distaste and are frequently pleased to stay the night.

Shall I say nothing about the library with its choice selection of so many books? Nothing about the wardrobe filled with such a

/f.5v/ fine rich store? Indeed, I am extravagant in my love for the one and stunned with admiration of the other. the library If Ptolemy, the glory of the ancient world, were to come alive again, the vanished memory of his library would inflict him with a fatal wound and cruelly subject him to a second death. There is hope, however, that the very report of such a lengthy catalogue of books would recall the waning spirits of the king and fire him with a deep desire to visit England and this house. This work was undertaken under happy auspices, and by the enormous expense of those most noble men, Arundel and Lumley, it reached its present glory and aspiration, and to this I call as witnesses those eyes that have inspected it, and as judges those that will inspect it, and, had not my Arithmetic been weak, I should have gone through the whole thing with the official lists. He who is dedicated to the study of the arts, or will tackle the burden of philosophy, can abide among the workshops of the arts and the philosophers. He who will drink in with thirsty mind the knotty language of jurisprudence, behold, for him there are the most complete formulations of each kind of law, treatises, glossaries, decretals, decrees; and precisely written formulas of common laws, statutes, etc. So that now he could plead causes as though in court, acquit the innocent and convict the guilty of any charge whatsoever. If you fall into a fever and labour under weak or hopeless health, there is at hand either a host of doctors who will exert themselves in the cure of simple and complex troubles, or a band of musicians who will soothe your illness and lighten the wretchedness of disease. Do you find mathematics pleasing? You will have spheres, globes, bronze and paper instruments of every kind. The Queen of the Sciences and the mistress of life is Theology. This light, shed upon events, and the tales attendant upon the holy scriptures, excite the most wonderful love for her, partly because of the authority of the writers and partly because of the number of the books. So that it is no great wonder to me that those men rejoice, who long to consort with the delights of historians and die in the embrace of theologians. The histories (and for the time being I say nothing about the records of each nation written down in its own common idiom), the histories, I say, collected together in that library with great labour and energy from the best of the Greek and Roman writers, set before our eyes the memory of past achievements and recall all the vicissitudes of empires, the fashions of the ages, the first beginnings of the earth and of city life, and the constitutions and administrations of kingdoms and states. Theology,

/f.6r/ indeed, which was and will be hereafter a subject of great authority and faith, is furnished with a great and glorious array of books. There are numerous translations of the Bible, different versions, decrees of councils, weighty utterances of all the fathers on the subject of doctrine, homilies on morals, discourses of the learned ones, subtle questions, severe reproofs of the moderns on the subject of vice, and meditations in piety, so that men who are truly Christians might receive the fruit of this labour and so save themselves from falling into evil ways or corruption. the wardrobe The wardrobe, which we mentioned, is worthy to be dressed in rich language. But I fear I should get scant favour from the most honourable Lumley, a master I am bound to revere on many grounds, if I were to lay open to the tongues and opinions of all men this his splendid, silken, silver and gold outfit, so rich and clearly royal. For such was the injustice of the time (perhaps our age has seen the like) that the superior in power would be held in envy, equals in rank were tolerated grudgingly, and men of inferior status were accused of insolence, although it was possible both to have possessions without pride, and to be esteemed fairly and to achieve glory with modesty. Therefore, may my reticence be pardoned if I suffer all ears to be deprived of this great pleasure and all knowledge of those riches to stay within the privacy of the walls.

Now indeed I have completed my discourse about the whole building, albeit more briefly than the dignity of the subject and the majesty of its founder and the nobility of the appointed heirs demand.

To meet the requirements of time and method and accepted custom, let us enlarge upon the neighbouring and surrounding places. Whoever he is, that man who stands before the central gates with bared head but most handsomely dressed, he will be our guide and our leader upon the way. But if he is of too noble rank and has no time to attend upon our pleasure or waits upon the word and sign of some man, the door opening to the right of the king will lead into the garden, fragrant with flowers. the garden From there, if you direct your gaze toward the lofty towers, the turreted walls, the projecting windows, the plaster-work, the exquisite statues, you will be hanging in doubt whether you are walking in the royal court or in the well cultivated garden. Clearly the face of each presents the same appearance, the same splendour, the same majesty, such magnificence as the fleeting day must admire and tomorrow must commend to all posterity. If Henry the King came alive and had Henry the Count as companion of his new life, and saw the expense sustained by the most noble Arundel and Lumley in completing the king’s work and their loyal zeal in decking

/f.6v/ out the memory of their master, there is no doubt that the one would exult in the glory of being a king, the others in the glory of being subjects, and both would surpass the memory of all ages in the performance of deeds of honour and liberality.

How numerous are the fruits and the amenities of that garden it is easy to guess, since it fills the whole front of the royal court with a fragrant sweetness and is bounded by very high walls for almost five hundred paces. In the layout of the last square lies a broad space like an open field sown with honey sweet plants. All kinds of plants and shrubs are mingled in intricate circles as though by the needle of Semiramis, and among them deer, hares, rabbits and dogs give chase with unhindered feet and effortlessly pass over the verdant green. There spring up white violets, the messengers of spring, ‘white privets shed their flowers, and dusky’ [Virgil, Eclogues 2 l.18], yellow and purple hyacinths are gathered. Here you see sweet cherry trees and autumn plums and mulberries growing red on a summer’s day. There grow the sweet-smelling savory and the thyme that gives honey of exceptional flavour. Here natural ferns, and various kinds of pears and ‘apples that weigh down the branches’ [Ovid, Metamorphoses 13 l.812] are picked. There spring rosemary, most healthgiving to the stomach, hyssop which, pounded to an oil, wards off phthiriasis, and the rose, sometimes exceeding pale, sometimes blushing deeply. Here are found fig trees withering because of their short roots, perhaps the victims of an evil curse. ‘Say in what lands – and my great Apollo you shall be’ [Virgil, Eclogues 3 l.104] – there shoot forth more kinds of flowers and fruits than this single plot, never false to the husbandman, produces. I am aiming at brevity to avoid boring you. If I were to recount every item, my speech would grow too long. I will cut it short in one word; neither the Sphynx nor Oedipus can give a proper answer whether this well cultivated royal garden excels in the variety of its plants, whether in the nobleness of its design or its location.

To the left where the lights of the queen’s side open out, there is an easy descent into the other corner of the garden, among the individual little beds of which a snorting white horse prances. From the opposite side a gate opens between the east and the south and there is an easy ascent on to a small rise where ancient oaks, stately elms, walnuts and ashes arranged in oblique lines, and planted in perfect order, raise their leafy heads to the sky.

In the biggest open part of the grounds three equidistant mounds stand out, in the centre of which everyone admires the beauty of a striking fountain. That addition of beauty (for which the heroic Lumley is responsible) is set inside two circles of grass, which the one is reached from the other by means of three steps, and

/f.7r/ similarly the whole plot itself from the lower part. the fountaine in the garden On the top of this tiny mound is set a shining column which carries a high-standing statue of a snow-white nymph, perhaps Venus, from whose tender breasts flow jets of water into the ivory-coloured marble, and from there the water falls down through narrow pipes into marble basins.

If either the drops of dew or the discomforts of scorching heat prove unpleasant, you will be free to wander in either a sandy or a grassy paddock. the porches And so that you might enjoy a pleasure complete in every detail, twelve porches are built adjoining twelve beds of plants, either to ward off sudden showers or for the sake of shade. They are covered either in fitted boards elaborately painted or in white lead and add wonderful splendour to the other delights of the garden. the labirinthe The other corner of the garden is next to the king’s side; ‘but stay your step, there is a snake in the grass’ [Virgil, Eclogues 3 l.93]. If you veer to the right, you will enter upon a tortuous path and fall into the hazardous wiles of the labyrinth, whence even with the aid of Theseus’ thread you will scarce be able to extricate yourself. It is with difficulty that I suffer myself to be torn away from those riches of pleasure and prosperity, especially as we must withdraw to less accessible places and into the wilderness itself. the wildernesse Unless perhaps we choose to borrow from the ancients a way of interpreting a name, so that just as, for example, the fatal virgins are called Parcae, the sparing ones, because they spare (parcent) no-one; and a wood is ‘lucus’ because it never has any light (lucet); and wars are ‘bella’ because they are so far from beautiful (bella); in the same way our wilderness might be called ‘desertum’ because it is deserted neither by monarchs, nor by great men, nor by people of any kind, nor by birds, nor by four-footed creatures. If I were given a free choice, and there were less chance of being accused of injustice, I should prefer to acquire this wilderness, beloved of the muses and pleasant by day and night, than the strange beauties of any other garden. the terrisses The land, which is of its own nature somewhat raised (pensilis) and ‘rejoices in sweet moisture’ [Virgil, Georgics 2 l.184], is set out with lofty and magnificent tree-lined walks both to the south and to the west. the canopies The pathway for the south wind has some trees as turning points at the ends which, though they once spread their branches far and wide, now by wonderful skill are trimmed into a circular shape and offer perpetual moist shade where the heat of the sun is not felt. The other walk, which is dried by the west wind, is thought to have been designed for the woodland gods and fauns whom you may chance to see sitting on their flower-decked seats to voice their opinion on the rustic Pan-festival or perhaps about shaggy Pan himself. Through the very heart of this wilderness three paths are arranged in three lines. If only we could follow Cicero and call them the Aurelian Way and the Flaminian and the Cassian! The middle path is worn and sandy, the other

/f.7v/ two are always grassy and softer.

The wilderness has a shade of its own, and by virtue of the sweet harmony of the birds and the carefree liberty of the animals it will often urge that the flood of care be lessened and the peace of the mind strengthened. Do leafy woods glory in shady spots? Our wilderness will not prove wanting. Are lands across the sea rich in a wide variety of animals? Our wilderness, though but a tiny part of the island of Britain, might equal them in species of woodland creatures and could excel them in their tameness. Imagine in your minds, since you cannot hear it with your ears, the number, the arrangement, and the beauty of the trees, which have not just come about by chance, but flourish to such a point of praise and admiration through the care of skilful hands. It has fruits that are neither wild nor to be despised, and prides itself on trees that are very fine and, I think, somewhat exotic. There are almost countless young apple trees that have already reached maturity and bear most noble tribute to their master. Tender hands pick the blackberries that cling to the tough brambles [adapted from Ovid, Metamorphoses 1 l.105] and a delicate palate will savour them. ‘Those of you that gather flowers and pick the strawberries that grow on the ground’ [Virgil, Eclogues 3 l.92], take care that you keep within the confines of that wilderness. ‘Here the laurel will give good warning: rejoice, ye farmers’ [Tibullus, Elegies 2.5 l.83]. I fear I shall stir up envy of our wilderness if I delay any longer among these fruits of well-deserved glory. Let me, however, collect some part of it together in a sort of little nosegay, so that I may seem neither to have said nothing, nor in my haste to have said too much.

Cherries there are and oaks, the walnut, ash and elms, Periwinkle plants, pears, hazel, maple trees, Berberis too, planes, sycamores and honeysuckle, Syrian figs, briars, thorns and dog roses, The yew tree, juniper, elder, box and olive too, Plums, ferns and vines, Persian fruit, the rose. the canapy In the northern part there is a plane tree, thick with wide spreading branches, which, since it provides a dense shade for people to feast under, receives a richer honour than any other tree. From the trunk of the tree to the outside edge all the lines are of equal length and, clothed in the thickest of branches and foliage, they rest on posts of green that give out a pleasant smell. There many

/f.8r/ people sit down and, dressed in the gayest of clothes, converse on various topics, listen to the calls of the animals and the songs of the birds, gaze upon the wire-fenced enclosure crowded with pheasants and partridges from across the sea, and, unless I am very much mistaken, are captivated by the pleasure of this leafy wilderness and the circular plane tree.

To what end the flute-players are gathered together in the corners (angulares) I cannot guess. Perhaps they arrive unbidden and, dispirited at the sight of the wild animals, they rush to their flutes as though to arms and drown the loud calls of the woodland creatures with their discordant noise. For indeed the wilderness is from time to time shattered by the terrifying roar of lions or now resounds with the savage grunt of the foaming boar. Here a bear falls killed by a shot from a gun; there a deer struck by a forester’s spear breathes its last breath. Here the single-horned Indian ass steps assuredly with firm hooves. Here the mute crocodile, armed with sharp claws, pursues those that flee and flees from his pursuers, pours out tears at the sight of a man but snaps him up when he comes near. On the one hand the poisonous snake hisses as he glides, the panther threatens everyone with his gaping jaws, the wolf because of his hunger is little removed from madness, the fierce tigers rend their unhappy lamenting prey; on the other hand cunning dogs fill the whole place with baying and are urged on through the whole wilderness in the swift hunt. Do not despair in your heart nor flee from the wilderness, you who might hear that talk of savagery. For these animals grow tame through frequent association with men and scarce retaliate even when attacked.

Or is there any fear of, or danger from birds of prey? The Harpies died at the hand of Hercules; the rest either will give no offence or will give exceeding pleasure. Though if you were sprung from the Pygmies and had not made a truce with the rowdy cranes, there is a risk that they might suddenly attack you from their hiding places.

With dying tongue the swan its sweet songs sings Itself proclaimer of its own demise [?Ovid, Metamorphoses 14 l.430]

Pheasants with their brilliant plumage surrender their wings to quiet rest at sundown. Pelicans pour out blood from their torn breast to revive the dead bodies of their offspring. The peacock, born for ornament, not for use, spreads his bejewelled feathers, especially in the face of the sun so that they might shine more brilliantly and he receive great praise. Guinea-fowl beat the air with their feathery plumes but give little pleasure with their harsh voice. I do an injustice to the nightingale who easily bears the palm among birds and yet gains her praise so late. She drives away

/f.8v/ the cares of daylight and darkness and offers solace by night and day. She laments the wickedness of the incestuous Tereus with her sweet song, and she, who through the wickedness of a terrible crime was once a mute girl, in vengeance for that harm done to her, flies off a songful bird. When the crested lark, exhausted on the ground, has collected its breath, it soars straight from that spot into the clouds and bursts into the sweetest songs. Here the blackbird that rejoices greatly in solitude flees from large gatherings of birds, not to take a rest, but to prevent other birds unskilled in song from enjoying the benefit of praise due to herself. If the thrush fails to delight any man with her bodily appearance, yet he will be soothed by the sweetness of her mouth and voice or the strength of her lungs. Free from the cares of the credulous, but envious of the glory of the other birds, she fills our ears with all the loveliness that nature and practice can give. The robin (rubocula), who respects the dignity of the human voice, attends upon a dead man with great allegiance but inspires a living man with greater pleasure. The chaffinch with his fat body and piping voice sings with a throat tuneful enough. The chaste turtle-dove pours forth its laments from the lofty elm, and the wood-pigeon utters its mournful cries. From here the busy bee, that example of industriousness, returns home laden with most pleasing nectar. The wilderness has thistle-finches, ‘ruriscos’, whinchat (rubetras), ‘rubicillas’, goldfinches, heathcocks, with which both eye and ear and palate, however delicate, may be pleased. What more shall I say?

Here the starling and graceful swallow, The cuckoo, partridge, kite and tree-cricket, The tit and sparrow, screech-owl, bat and crow, The garrulous magpie sing with varied throat.

Diana her woode In the woodland walk near to the piper an ancient oak rises up into the sky with its propitious branches and shows the way straight into the shady grove of Diana. There, throughout almost the whole copse and the glade, are places arched over by the skill of topiary, walls erected and sandy walks which lend an air of majesty worthy of the chaste virgin and most powerful goddess. So that I am not surprised that Diana herself, Guardian of the groves, lurks in the shadows, satisfied with the service of nymphs alone; she flees the sun, and the sight of men; she resorts but rarely to the plain that lies open to the eyes of all: she fears the ceaseless dins of earthly affairs, and stays fast in the leafy woods, as in a well-

/f.9r/ fortified kingdom. If she is melancholy, the harmless symphony of the birds consoles her with its healing art; if alone the trembling fawns will give her occupation, and the curved bow will relieve boredom; the vaile of gargaphy if the goddess should be faint from the chase weary of effort, the vale of Gargaphy will provide her with its icy spring.

Actaeon’s misfortune is well-known, the just punishment of a base life and the preservation of the armour of virtuous fear. But when the keen sense of the eyes forgets the sharper pangs of affliction, and tends more to leniency of judgement, then I should like witnesses and judges of this sad sight to come forward as severe critics, either of the virgin’s punishment or of the young man’s rashness. Whatever opinion they hold, they will attain the easy indulgence of Diana, and the due gratitude of Actaeon. Only let them restrain the licence of their eyes, and rein in their hasty desire, for fear lest the hand of the avenging spirit should strike them down. It would indeed have been a daring crime to spy on the modesty of others, but to defile the most chaste of virgins with such dishonour, was the height of wickedness, and an extreme irreverence. If he had rushed unaware on the sacred spring of the Nymphs, not knowing the place, could the merciful virgin have taken vengeance? But if he approached stirred by the flames of desire, could the powerful Goddess have pardoned him? Diana saw the daring of the youth, but she did not, as she could have done, put out the light of his reason; instead she changed the fashion of his mouth and tongue; meaning to put aside her mood of vengeance, if unknowing Actaeon should change his mind.

Actaeon transformde But though impaired alike in tongue and mind, to satisfy his desire he moved hand and foot that he might catch the virgin herself, or one of her nymphs. Diana was incensed against such madness in a man; she put out the flames of unlawful love with sprinkled water, remade the fashion of his body; from a man she created a beast, from Actaeon a stag, from the noble hunter, a wretched prey to dogs. the rocke welle Now the divine virgin enjoys the pleasure of the rock-well in peace, washes her limbs in the icy liquid, regards the absurd shade of her foe, and listens to the wily hounds pursuing with pleasing barks the new stag through all the wood. Whether the rock is more of an embellishment to the well, or the well to the rock, is a problem full of hazards, and the case is still before the court. Of no matter what art, Nature, or divinity it may be, who is there who does not admire in this hardest rock, the skilful arrangement of stones, the plentiful variety of blossoms and fruits, but especially how the rush of spraying water now subsides with gentle murmur, now bubbles up on high in full force?

Where the most renowned Goddess bathes the snowy parts of her virgin body, the way leads through the middle of the vale to a

/f.9v/ a statelye bower for Diana stately bower – some woodland palace. Here one neither should ask after nor may pursue further the virgin’s affairs. But one must hope, that reports of the charm and great extent of the place are made without trace of calumny or ill-will; among them is to be seen the manifest glory of honour, or nobility, or some divine power. From a form of lofty arch the king of birds, the winged Eagle, sits watching for poisonous snakes, for fear they should beset the solitary steps of Diana. On one pinnacle the Pelican sits, a bird too tender to its chicks: it draws its blood for its children’s food with the harsh stroke of its steely bill, looks to the insignia of Lumley and provides a sure token of a guardian’s faith and love. On the other pinnacle stands the Phoenix, another Diana among birds; the laws of love she neither knew nor hoped to know; she made her nest with cinnamon and young sprigs of frankincense; they caught light with the heat of the sun, and willingly she loosed the bonds of nature, to leave in the ashes an heir of the same race.

In the grassy space of an orchard a handsome pyramid rises, set off with divers heads, which counterfeit dryness in the mouth, but for delight disgorge small streams of clear water. Most powerful Diana claims all the magnificence and glory of the place as her own; let us pray to her for that enjoyment of everlasting honour and service to the state, and most happy memory, on which the far-seeing hero, Lumley, in the course of another history than this, set his heart. He fixed on the bower in letters of gold:

ICTUS PISCATOR TANDEM SAPIT, SED INFELIX ACTAEON SEMPER PRAECEPS; CASTA VIRGO FACILE MISERETUR, SED POTENS DEA SCELUS VLCISCITUR. PRAEDA CANIBUS, EXEMPLUM IUVENIBUS, SUIS DEDECUS PEREAT ACTAEON; CURA COELITIBUS, CHARA MORTALIBUS, SUIS SECURITAS, VIVAT DIANA.

(The smitten fisher at length grows wise, but unhappy Actaeon is ever rash; the chaste virgin may easily feel compassion, but the powerful Goddess punishes the crime. Let Actaeon die a prey to dogs, a warning to youth, a shame to his own kind; long live Diana, to the gods a care, to mortals dear, to her own a source of safety)

The other delights of the grove are not without honour and indeed impart unique pleasure: for both in the thickest parts of the orchard, in the more open wood, and in the bare plain, now the timid steps of the deer, now the unrestrained flights of the fowls, often the manifold harmonies of the birds, always the gentle breezes, and graciously scented grasses, will give pleasure and refresh the mind. If we climb the winding steps by the Pelican, there are brought together delightful promenades and handsome elms in the most perfect order. Here grape-vines adjoin the elms, and the field blooms laden

/f.10r/ with wine-filled autumn [Virgil, Georgics 2 l.5]. the banquettinge howse On a small prominence, neighbouring these pleasant places, a most sumptuous banqueting house was erected; if the most peaceful views, the most agreeable lights, the spaciousness of the rooms and hall (cavaedium), have worth and beauty at all, then it would be seen to be worthy of king Henry – of Diana herself. No ornaments of prosperity or honour are lacking here, so that I have preferred rather to leave them to my readers’ conjecture and judgement, than describe them in a narrative meagre and poured forth more hurriedly than I could wish. trowte ponde The courses of water run hidden through the inmost parts of the wilderness and the grove, and break out gently in a neighbouring valley. Thanks to this a new heap, as it were, is added to the other delights of the place, in that tender shoals of trout (to the wise the best of food) give pleasure to the eyes, palate, rod, or what you will. If I could go through each point in turn, it is to be feared that the protracted narrative would induce disgust, and there is a risk that with such delights I should bring about both infatuation in those at home and unfair envy abroad.

To derive one’s nobility from ancestors, and the lineage of one’s ancient name from Jupiter himself: this does not lack the greatest marks of esteem, though it yields to the true excellence of majesty. But when the bountiful glory of virtue blossoms in a distinguished family, and a long line is embellished with the memorials of good deeds, it is not possible to express what a degree of truest honour, the honour of true majesty, ensues. Among the f.10v/ ancient monuments of the Romans, the Temple dedicated to virtue stood out, joined with the greatest care and art to that of honour, so that all access to this was barred, until it was made from the path, temple and offices of virtue. In this degenerate age, barren of virtues though jealous of honour, the hero Lumley loved, praised and copied that wisdom, reverence and care of the Romans, He respected the temple of virtue; frequented the path; followed in their footsteps and scaled the heights like one born to all that is great, graced with a new access of honour all his own. I have added to this account of his most excellent house one of the excellent ancestry of the Lumley family. Thought it has been truly gathered in in and skilfully described, by the work of another, from the memorials of the past. Would that as a sign of my gratitude, I could portray the lustre of his manner and the fashion of his mind with equal felicity.

Of the Lumley family, the first was Liulph, an excellent and noble minister, and most renowned man, of the Anglo-Saxon race; he was in possession of much property far and wide throughout England by hereditary right. When, in the time of king William the first, the Conqueror of England, the Normans raged on all sides, this man, who greatly loved Cuthbert, bishop of Durham (the saint), betook himself and his folk to Durham, where he grew so dear and acceptable

/f.11r/ to Bishop Walcher, that he resolved that no decisions should be made without his advice; thus he drew upon himself the hatred of many, until at length one Gilbert, with other wicked ministers of the said bishop, foully murdered him. To avenge his death, the Northumbrians in the year 1080 at Gateshead butchered the innocent Bishop Walcher.

By his wife Aldgith, daughter of Aldred Count of Northumbria, Liulph had a son Uctred, who became the father of William de Lumley, the first of that name; it is by holding the place of that name that his descendants have earned their surname. Hugo, Bishop of Durham, wanted this William, son of Uctred, to enjoy the same immunities from tax as his other Barons enjoyed in the bishopric, and he obtained a charter from King Henry the Second to that end. William was not heedless of such a favour, and generously gave to him and his successors his villa of Dictona in Alvertonshire. From the first William there sprang a second, and from the second a third; who by the daughter of Sir Walter Daudre, begat a son Roger, who became the husband of Sibil, co-heiress with the glorious Baron Hugo de Morwyck. Of this union was born Robert, who by Lucy, sister and heir to Thomas, Baron of Thwenge, was to beget a son Marmaduke, the first to desert the arms of his ancestors and retain for himself and his family the insignia of his mother’s house. He begat by his wife Margaret Holande the brave Sir Radulph, whom King Richard the Second

/f.11v/ was to elevate in the eighth year of his reign to the dignity of a Barony of the kingdom. He in turn married Aleonor the sister of the first Count of Westmoreland, and begat John, who by his wife Felicia begat Thomas, to whom Margaret, daughter of Sir James Harington bore George, husband of Elizabeth, heiress of Roger Thorneton, gent.; of this union was born the father of that Thomas who by a natural daughter of great King Edward the Fourth, begat Richard. He, marrying Anne, the sister of William, Baron Coigners, left an heir, John, the husband of Joan, daughter of Henry le Scrope of Bolton (a famous Baron), and grandfather of John the latest Baron of Lumley; whom the former’s son George, and daughter-in-law Jane, co-heiress of Sir Richard Knightley, left only grandson and heir. This last John rejoiced in a twofold marriage, namely with Jane, the eldest daughter and co-heiress of Henry Earl of Arundel; and also with Elizabeth, daughter of John Baron d’Arcy: a woman outstanding not only for her family and ancient lineage, but what is more praiseworthy, for virtues, modesty, decency and wifely love. By the former of these he had two sons, Charles, and Thomas; and a sole daughter, Mary, not destined long to survive, but swept away by most wretched fate in very infancy.

Nil impudicum Pudicitiae Dea Nil turpe suadet sceleris vindicta Sed mala mens, malus animus.

(Nothing immodest does the Goddess of Modesty advise, nothing base to punish sin; but evil mind advises with an evil soul)

Impuri fontis Ingrati riuuli, Ingratae mentis Impuri oculi

(Of an impure spring Unpleasant are the streams; Of an unpleasant mind Impure are the eyes)

Aestuanti Vmbra Languenti sedes: Noli in Vmbra Vmbratilis esse Nec sint sedenti Serpentis oculi

(To the hot a shade To the weary a seat. Do not be beshadowed in the shade Nor let the seated have a serpent’s eyes.)

/f.12v/

O Dea quae siluas, fontes, vmbram, atque venatum Expetis, Et Nymphas, et rustica numina, casto Dirigis imperio, Cur te commertia mundi Non tangunt? Hominum cur non amplixibus haeres? Cur hymenaea fugis niueo perfusa decore? Scilicet humanae diuina monilia sorti, Vix bene conueniunt, Sic stat sententia Diuum.

Quisquis vt Actaeon grassanti, libidini nullos Imponit fraenos oculis animique furore, Bellua fit monstrumque hominum semetque vorandum Dat Canibus propriis, dum amens affectibus ignes Subjicit, et nulle retinet moderamine sensus.

/f.13r/

Thou goddesse which delightst to hunte, and louest the fountains cleare, The woods, the shade, which rulst eche nymphe and euerie rurall peere, Why dost thou shunne this world’s delight and Venus sporte defie? The glorie of the married state why dothe Diana flye? The cause is this as all the Godd’s decree, Such pearles and mans estate cannot agree.

Who so doth runne Actaeons race when raginge luste constraines Who bridleth not his wandringe eyes, nor furious minde restraines, Is made a beaste and monstrous man, and makes him self a praye, To be devoured by cruell dogs, whiles fancie beares the swaye; Whiles fonde affections are inflamed Whiles dotinge senses are vntam’de. Elizabeth Acquires Nonsuch – the Negotiations in Progress, c.1591

British Library: MS Lansdowne 103 (Burghley Papers)

/f.47/

Privet

A Memor of matters to be communicated unto the Q. Majestie

L. Lumley

The howse of Nonsuch. vallewed at ijC ijC

The little park vallewed at jcxijli The Gr pk jClxli The meadows lxli a close without the park xls iijCxxxiiijli vC xxxiiijli

To be assured to hir Majesty with a regraunt of the landes to the L. Lomley without rent duryng the Q. reign.

The L. Lvmley, to have in recompence landes to the vallew of vCli payeng the rentes to hir M. only dvryng hir reign.

Nota. if he shall have the Grovndes of Nonsuch. only duryng his own liff. and than not to tak the proffittes of the Q. landes, vntill his deth. Than it may fall out that he dyeng afor hir Majesty. the Q. shall be answered only ijCxxijli for the Gr park and medoes for that the howss. and little park will answer no rent, but a chardg of kepyng

Elizabeth Acquires Nonsuch – the Negotiations in Progress, c.1591

British Library: MS Lansdowne 66 (Burghley Papers)

/f.88/

After that the lease wich is to be made by her majestie vnto the L. Thresorer and Mr. Fortescue toching the landes wich are to passe in exchaunge for Nonesuch. And that the graunt of the Revercion wich is to passe vnto the behoof of the L. Lumley of the same lands. And her majesties part of the Indentures of Covenauntes are all signed by her majesti

It shalbe Convenient, that all those Bookes doe remaine in my L. Thresorers hands vntill such time as the L. Lumleys assuraunce vnto her majestie of the Mansion house of Nonesuch, and the landes therto belonging be inrolled and the fyne thervppon knowledged.

And such Bondes entred into by the L. Lumley for performauns of the Covenauntes, as the L. Thresorer shall assigne

J. Popham Acquisition of Nonsuch by Elizabeth from Lord Lumley, 21st January 1592

The National Archives: CP25/2/227

Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia Domine Regine apud Westmonasterium in octabis Sancti Hillarij Anno regnorum Elizabethe dei gracia Anglie Francie et Hibernie Regine fidei defensoris etc A Conquestu tricesimo quarto coram Edmundo Anderson Francisco Wyndam Willelmo Peryam et Thoma Walmysley Justiciis et aliis domine Regine fidelibus tunc ibi presentibus Inter ipsam dominam Reginam querentem et Johannem Lumley Militem dominum Lumley et Elizabetham uxorem eius deforciantes de Capitali mesuagio de Nonesuche duobus gardinis vno pomario trescentis et quinquaginta acris terre centum et quatuor acris prati noningentis acris pasture et ducentis et quinquaginta acris bosci cum pertineciis in Nonesuche et Cuddynton vnde placitum conuencionis summonitum fuit inter ipsam dominam Reginam et predictos Johannem et Elizabetham in eadem Curia Scilicet quod predicti Johannes et Elizabetha recognoverunt predicta tenementa cum pertinetiis esse ius ipsius Domine Regine vt illi que eadem domina Regina habet de dono predictorum Johannis et Elizabeth Et illi remiserunt et quietumclamaverunt de ipsis Johanne et Elizabetha et heredibus ipsius Johannis predicte domine Regine heredibus et successoribus suis Imperpetuum Et preterea ijdem Johannes et Elizabetha concesserunt pro se et heredibus ipsius Johannis quod ipsi Warantizabunt predicte domine Regine heredibus et successoribus suis predicta tenementa cum pertinenciis contra omnes homines Imperpetuum Et pro hac recognicione remissione quietclamacione warantia fine et Concordia eadem Domina Regina dedit predictis Johanni et Elizabeth duo mille libras sterlingorum

Surria examinatur

[endorsed] Secundum formam Statuti

Prima proclamacio facta fuit duodecimo die Februarij termino Sancti Hillarij Anno tricesimo quarto Regine infrascripte Secunda proclamacio facta fuit decimo octavo die Aprillis termino Pasche Anno tricesimo quarto Regine infrascripte Tercia proclamacio facta fuit primo die Junij termino sanctae Trinitatis tricesimo quarto Regine infrascripte quarta proclamacio facta fuit octavo die Novembris termino Sancti Michalis anno tricesimo quarto Regine infrascripte

[Translation, following Kiralfy, A Source Book of English Law (1957) pp99–100 (Legh v. Burford, 1494) for the legal terms:

This is the final concord made in the court of the lady queen at Westminster on the octave of Saint Hilary [21st January] in the year of the reign of Elizabeth by the grace of God of England France and Ireland Queen Defender of the faith etc from the conquest the thirty fourth [1591/2] before Edmund Anderson Francis Wyndam William Peryam and Thomas Walmysley Justices and other faithful subjects of our lady the Queen at that time there present Between the aforesaid Lady the Queen plaintiff and John Lumley Knight lord Lumley and Elizabeth his wife deforciants concerning the capital messuage of Nonesuche two gardens one orchard three hundred and fifty acres of land one hundred and four acres of meadow nine hundred acres of pasture and two hundred and fifty acres of wood with the appurtenances in Nonesuche and Cuddington of which a plea of Covenant was summoned between the same lady the Queen and the aforesaid John and Elizabeth in the same court to wit that the aforesaid John and Elizabeth recognize the aforesaid tenements with the appurtenances to be the right of the same lady the Queen as those which the same lady the Queen has of the gift of the aforesaid John and Elizabeth And they released and quit-claimed them of the same John and Elizabeth and the heirs of the same John to the aforesaid lady the Queen her heirs and successors for ever and further the same John and Elizabeth granted for themselves and the heirs of the said John that they will warrant to the aforesaid lady the Queen her heirs and successors the aforesaid tenements with the appurtenances against all men for ever And for this recognizance quit-claim warranty fine and concord the same Lady the Queen gave the aforesaid John and Elizabeth two thousand pounds sterling

Surrey examined

[endorsed] According to the form of the Statute

The first proclamation was made on the twelfth day of February in St. Hilary term in the thirty fourth year of the Queen underwritten The Second proclamation was made on the eighteenth day of April in Easter term in the thirty fourth year of the Queen underwritten the Third proclamation was made on the first day of June in Holy Trinity term in the thirty fourth year of the Queen underwritten the Fourth proclamation was made on the eighth day of November in Saint Michael’s term in the thirty fourth year of the Queen underwritten] Extraordinary charges at Elizabeth’s houses in the months of December and January 1602/3

The National Archives: E407/59

Januaraye Nonsuche in taking up cutting and drawing the bourees of certaine flowers [?a misreading of ‘bourdes of certaine floures’] and laying them againe in the building made of late wher they laye there Oates at the Queenes lying there for the stables amounting to the some of xvijs viijd

Grant of Nonsuch to Anne of Denmark, 1603

British Library: Add. MS 6693

/ff.105–118, first page/

Tricesima pars Patentis de Anno Regni Regis Jacobi Anglie etc. primo

D Con’ Juncture domine Anne Regine Anglie

Rex omnibus ad quos etc. Salutem Sciatis quod nos de gracia nostra speciali et ex certa sciencia et mero motu nostris Dedimus concessimus et Assignavimus Ac per presentes pro nobis Heredibus et Successoribus nostris Damus concedimus et Assignamus precharissime et predilectissime Consorti nostre Domine Anne Anglie Scocie Francie et Hibarnie Regine in plenam recompensacionem et contentacionem Iuncture et dotis sue… [various properties in Home Counties]

/ff.105–118, third page, ¾ down/

Ac totum illud regale messuagium sive Domum Mansionalem nostrum vocatum seu cognitum per nomen de Nonsuche unacum omnibus Atrijs Pomariis Gardinis Comoditatis et easiamentis quibuscunque eidem Domui Mansionali pertinentiis sive spectantibus in Comitatu nostro Surrie Ac totum illum Parcum nostrum vocatum seu cognitum per nomen de Nonesuche little Parke in eodem Comitatu Surrie cum suis juribus Membris et pertinentiis universis Ac totum illum Parcum nostrum sive terram inclusam cum pertinentiis scituatum jacentem et existentem infra parochiam [sic] de Ewell Nonesuch et Maulden’ in dicto Comitatu Surrie vel in eorum aliquo vulgariter vocatum Magnum Parcum nostrum de Nonesuch continentam per estimacionem [‘nonagint-’ deleted] noningentas undecim acras terre prati pasture et bosci ac omnia terras tenementa et Hereditamenta nostra in Ewell Nonesuch et Maulden

/ff.105–118, fourth page/ vulgariter vocata seu cognita per nomen Magni Parci de Nonesuch in dicto Comitatu Surrie Ac totam illam clausuram terre nostram cum pertinentiis scituatam jacentem et existentem in parochia de Cheiham extra palum dicti parvi parci nostri de Nonesuch predicti continentem per estimacionem tresdecim acras modo vel nuper in tenura sive occupacione Reginaldi Marshall vel Assignatorum suorum nuper parcellam possessionum nuper perquisitionum de Johanne Domino Lumley… [various other properties, from south-west England to Lincolnshire]

An Act for Repairing the Highway from Nonsuch to Kingston, 3 James 1 c.19, 1605/6

The National Archives: C65/182 no. 19

Whereas the kinges maiesties highway leading from Nonesuche to kingston vpon Thames in the County of Surrey is for such parte thereof as lyeth between Ewell and the hamlett of Talworth in the Parish of long Ditton beinge in length aboute a mile and a halfe at this present in such decay with Sloughes waters and holes in moste placesof the same way as neither man nor beast without great danger is able to pass whatsoever occasion or necessity shall happen, by reason whereof many people with theire waines Cartes horses and Cariages have beene and are often hurte and endammaged, and through the which ways the chiefest parte of the Cariages to his maiesties houses of Nonesuch Richmond Oatlandes and hampton Courte of necessity passeth, as also greate Store of Ship Tymber and other provisions for his maiesties houses at london and Office of Ordinance, and for other his maiesties services are continually through that way carried to the Towne of kingston, and to the water side neere thereabouts his maiesties Subjectes having no other way and that way soe necessarie as that the same cannot conveniently be forborne, and the Parishes wherein the same lyeth, not able to repair the same,

Be it therefore enacted by the Authority of this present Parliament That the Owners Tenantes Farmers Inhabitantes and Occupiers of the landes Tenementes and hereditamentes lying in the hundreds of kingston Emlinbridge Copthorne Effingham wallington wotton and Rigate (the Boroughe of Rigate excepted) in the saide County of Surrey shall be charged with the repairing amending and maintayning of the saide high way from tyme to tyme for ever hereafter and that the Justices of the Peace of that County or foure of them at the leaste (whereof two to be of the Quorum) dwelling in the saide hundreds or the limits thereof or nexte therevnto yearely from tyme to tyme aswell at the generall Sessions of the peasce holden next after Easter as otherwise shall have full power and authority to call before them… the saide Owners Tenantes… And therevpon to take and make such reasonable orders and direccions from tyme to tyme for and concerning the making repairing and amendment of the saide high way, and for the Charges thereof to make from tyme to tyme assessementes and taxacions of money or otherwise vpon the saide Owners Tenantes… And that it shall be lawfull to and for the saide Justices… yeerly to nominate and appointe Overseers for the performing of such Orders and direccions as by the saide foure Justices shall be made… and Collectors for the gathering and collecting of the Sommes of money soe to be taxed and assessed, And that the saide taxacions and assessmentes soe to be made shall be levied and imployed only for and towards the repairing and maintayning of the saide highway.

[Provision made for distraint in the event of default or refusal to pay tax, or for imprisonment without bail or mainprize; for Collectors to present yearly accounts to the Justices; for a fine of £5 if persons appointed Overseers or Collectors refuse to act, or if Collectors fail to present yearly accounts; for the appointment by the Lord Chancellor of a Commission of discreet persons to put the Act into execution if the Justices fail to carry out their duties – the Commissioners to have the same powers and duties as those set out for the Justices; for protecting persons carrying out their duties under the Act from any legal action brought against them in the exercise of their duties]

Lands to be enclosed in Great Park, 1606

The National Archives: SP14/24 nos. 47–9 Noted in Calendar of State Papers, Domestic: Edward VI to James I 8 p340

/no. 47/

A Note of such lands as are agreed for at xxtie yeres purchase and is to be taken into his Matis Greate Parke at Nonsuch wth the names of the severall owners thereof:

Thomas Nott’ in Meadowe 0a 3r 22p the acr valued xls Thomas Nott’ in Wood 2a 0r 0p at per ann’ xs John Brown in Meadowe 2a 3r 5p valued as before John Gates, humfry Myll, John Browne, Richard hatten, Roberte hill, Will. Charye, Rich. Brader, Will: Saunders, John Robertes – in Arrable 21a 0r 28p each acr valued per ann xijs

Wherof half an acre is nowe sowed with moncorne, the Cropp valued at £2 13s 4d

The Woods groweing hereuppon is by the king’s surveyor valued worth £12 18s 8d

Soe the whole purchase with the woods cometh unto at the former Rates £435 18s 0d henry Beomonte mynister parson of Longe Ditton is yett to be considered aswell for his glibe beinge 2 Rodes 17 perches of Meadow as alsoe for the Tyth of 19 acr of Meadowe 26 acr 1 Rode of Copice 14 acr 22 perches of pasture which at the former rates cometh yerely unto £5 13s 6d tyth £2 4s 3d glibe in all £6 17s 9d

/no. 48/

A particular of such lands within Maldon as John Goode is to passe unto his Matie for thenlargement of the greate parke of Nonsuch, together with his demandes for recompense for the same

4½ acres meadow 20/- per acre per annum 4½ acres tithe 11/3 per annum £5 1s 3d 16 acres of copyhold land — per annum £3 0s 0d Tithes yearly £3 3s 3d Sum of annual rent £9 4s 4d

Recompences £10 18s 0d £24 0s 0d £34 18s 0d

[Then follow various points about tithes, including ‘6. That ther is alreadye enclosed into the parke 100 acres of the demensne and copiehould land of the said Mannor’ of Maldon]

/No. 49/

[Settlement with Evelyn: see no. 49.1]

/No. 49.1/

The particulars of the land of Thomas Evelyn lyinge in Talworth which is to be inclosed and taken into Nonsuch park 1. 19 acres of meadow 40/- per acre per annum £38 0s 0d 2. 18 acres 1 rod 22 perches pasture 8/- per acre per annum £5 15s 0d 3. 24 acres 1 yeard of wood ground 10/- per acre per annum £12 2s 6d Sum’ totalis per annum £55 17s 6d

4. Wood valued at £215, worth more than £300 The demaundes & greevances of Thomas Evelyn [No sizes given] Enlargement of Nonsuch Great Park, 1606

The National Archives: E178/4604

/m.1/

[Special Commission in the Exchequer for the survey]

Articles and Instruccions to be executed on his Majestes behalf about the Servay of suche parcells and quantities of grounde as are to be taken into the great Parke of Nonesuche for the enlardginge thereof

1. Inprimis the Comissioners twoe three or more of them to repaire to the greate Parke at Nonesuche and to consider of all suche profitable courses as are fittest to be taken for the spedie performinge of his Majestes pleasure about the taking in of dyuerse groundes nere adjoyninge to the saide Parke for the enlardginge thereof

2. Item to Servaie exactlie aswell by perambulacion as otherwise the saide groundes in severall [ ] soe they [1ye?] what quantitie of acres everie severall field conteyneth. what goodnes and fertilnes the same are of. Whether the same be arrable, meadow, or pasture, whoe is Lord owner and Fermor of everie parcell of the saide groundes. howe the same groundes feildes and closes doe abutt, and what the same are severallie woorth to be solde

3. Item to Servaye what store of tymber trees or other kinde of woodes of vnderwoods are growinge in and vppon anie of the saide severall groundes soe to be taken in what kynde of tymber of woodes they are of what grothe, and what they are worth to be sold

4. Item to inquire what estates the severall owners haue of and in the saide landes what leases are made thereof to the Fermors and what yerelie valewe they be of, and whether the same be free from incumbraunces, and if they be not, then what incumbraunces the same are and for what tyme

5. Item the saide Comissioners twoe three or more of them to doe and execute all other thinge and thinges which they shall see convenient and necessarie in there discrecions for the advantage and furtherance of his majestes service in the expeditinge of the saide Servaye.

[apparently /m.2/]

[Letters Patent authorising the surveyors to receive and record evidence, 28 November, 1606]

Jacobus Dei gratia Anglie Scotie Francis et Hibernie Rex fidei defensor etc Precharissimo Consiliario et Consag[ ] Comiti Wigorum ac Dilectis et fidelibus nostris Nicholao Saunders Militi Willelmo Minne Militi Necnon Dilecto nobis Michaeli Haidon’ armigero Supervisori nostre omnium et singulorum Castrorum Maneriorum terrarum et tenementorum nostrorum in Com’ nostro Surrie salutem Sciatis quod nos de fidelitat’ industrijs et providis circumspeccionibus [vestris] negotijs nostris agend’ plurimum confiden’ assignavimus vos tres siue duos vestrum ac vobis tribus siue duobus vestrum plenam potestatem et auctoritatem per presentes [?damus] et committimus ad omnia et singula que in quadam scedula articlorum siue instruccionum presentibus annex’ exprimuntur continentur et specificantur tam per examinacionem deposicionem et testimonium quorumcumque test’ quam omnibus alijs vijs medijs et modis quibus melius sciveritis aut poteritis aut tres siue duo vestrum sciverint aut poterint inquirend’ examinand’ perscrutand’ faciend’ et exequend’ iuxta tenorem et [efficium?] eorundem Articlorum et eorum cuiuslibet Necnon de alijs Articlis et circumstanciis premissa qualitercumque concernen’ plenius veritatem et certitudinem Et ideo vobis tribus siue duobus vestrum mandamus quod circa premissa diligent’ intend[aties?] aut tres siue duo vestrum intendant eaque omnia et singula faciatis et exequa[mini?] aut tres siue vestrum faciant et exequantur cum effectum in forma predict’ [? Ita] quod Certificat’ de toto [fco’] vestrum aut trium siue duorum vestrum in premissis habeatis aut tres siue duo vestrum habeant coram Baronibus de [ ]io nostro apud Westmonasterium [qu’ citius] poteritis aut tres siue duo vestrum poterint et tandem in octabis sancti Hillarij prox’ futur’ sub sigillis vestris aut trium siue duorum vestrum [ ] nostre tunc ibidem vnacum hac Commissione nostra [?liberand’] Damus etiam vobis tribus siue duobus vestrum per presentes plenam potestatem et auctoritatem ad [qu ] personas quas maxime [?idoneas] pro testificacione veritatis in premissis videritis aut tres siue duo vestrum viderint coram vobis aut tribus siue duobus vestrum evocand’ ac de et in premissis tactis per eos prius vobis aut tribus siue duobus vestrum sacrosanctis dei evangelijs diligent’ examinand’ Examinacionesque suas premissa tangend’ recipiend’ et in scripturis in pergameno redigend’ ne hoc presens Mandatum nostrum reman’ vlterius exequend’ Damus insuper vniverse et [ ] Maioribus vic’ Ballijs Constabularijs et alijs ligeis nostris quibuscumque tenore [p’ucium] firmiter in Mandatis quod vos tribus siue duobus vestrum in ex[ ] premissorum obedient pareant et intendant prout decet periculo incumbent In Cuius rei Testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes [ ] Thoma Fleming Milite apud Westmonasterium XXVIIJo die Novembris Anno regni nostri Anglie Francie et Hibernie quarto et Scotie XLmo per Rotul’ Memor’ eodem Anno Regis huius Michaelis Commission’ Ac literarum patent’ Rotulo Ac per Warrant’ domini Thes’ Anglie Ac per Barones

Fanshawe

/m.3/

[Top left quarter of document illegible]

All the [?Commyssioners] whose [?names] are hereunder written [?havinge] mett about the performance of the service enjoyned vnto us by the Comyssion and [the Articles] there vnto [?annexed] do certify our procedinges therin by ways of [?answer to each article] in manner and forme folowinge

To the Fyrst Article [1]

[] the said greate parke of Nonsuche and don our best [?endeavour] [according to the intente of this] article

To the Second Article [2]

[ ] by measur[ ] servayed the said grounds intended to be taken into the said great Parke of Nonsuche; [] in several [?parcelles] in the parishes of Longdytton and Malden in the County of Surrey amountithe [?to]

[ ] [?5]a 1r 7p [meadow] 22a 1r 37p eache acre rated per Annum xls [Pasture] [?20] a 0r 24p wherof 5 acres 3 roods 2 perch newly grubbed and fitt for vpland haye rated eache acre per annum xxs. [ ] 14 acres 1 – 22 eache acre rated per Annum viijs [?Arrable] [?29]a 2r 22p which being most of it fitt for vpland hay eache acre ratid per Annum xijs [?Wood] [?17]a 0r 04p eache acre ratid per Annum xs

The severall owners of these groundes are these that followe

[Left hand half of membrane illegible for 30 lines]

[ ] [?Meadowe] [?00]a 1r 28p [ ] [great] [ ] Lumley hath in [?Woodground] [04a] 3r 04p [ ] [?Ryver] [?00]a 1r 16p [ ] [Meadowe] 18a 3r 36p qr [ ] [?Evelin] aforesaid Pasture, closes 14a 1r 20p [ ] [?coppices], [ ] 24a 1r 00p [ ] [Mead] [ ]a 0r 17p di [ ] [ ]a 3r 02p [ ] 03a 3r 23p [ ] [pice] 02a 0r 00p [ ] aforesaid [ ] medow [ ]00a 2r 17p

Arrable in the common field of Maldon called Downefeild [ ] of Maldon aforesaid [ ] 3r 26p Nicholas [?Yardley] [ ] [?ratyd] 2a 2r 14p [ ] 1a 1r 25p [ ] 1a 0r 11p [ ] [ ]0a 3r 30p [ ] 0a [2r] 20p viij in severall perches [ ] 2a [ ] 22p [ ] [ ] 1r 35p [ ] [ ] 0r 37p [ ] [7a] 1r 29p

The [?boundes] of the said lands

[ ] [?Lord Lumley] lieth East and West between the saide Parks pale on the Sowth and the meadow called [ ]

[ ] upon a rewe of Elms and a haythorne bushe on the west, and the other

[and] [ ] upon the said grubbed ground of John Good on the East.

[ ] the meadow above named is conteyned one parcell called Myllhawes onely excepted

[ ] East of the coppice called Rutherwicke now to be inclosed and a parte of a close of the said Thomas

[ ] butting vpon the rest of the said meadowe lefte vntaken in.

[ ] [?the parcel of meadow] of the said [?John Browne] called Myllhawes [?lienge] betwene the said Ryver on the west and the now grubbed ground of the said John

[ ] [on the East the one end] buttinge vpon a creeke of the said Ryver on the Sowth and the other buttinge vpon the rest of the said Mylhawes of the [?Northe]

The First close of pasture of the said Thomas Evelyn called xviij acre [lyenge] betwene the said Palfry mead of the south and a close of the said Thomas Evelyn called [?Longdowne pasture] of the Northe the one end buttinge vpon the said coppice called Rutherwicke on the East and the other end buttinge vpon the [rest of the] said close on the west

The second close of the said Thomas Evelyn called Longdowne pasture or longe close lying betwene the said coppice called Rutherwicke of the south [?on the rest of the said close left untaken in] on the North, the one end buttinge vpon the way leading from Nonsuch great Parke to Tallworth on [the East and the other] end buttinge vpon the rest of the said close on the west

The third close of the said Thomas Evelyn called round close lienge betwene the said coppice called Rutherwicke on the sowth and North the one end buttinge vpon the said coppice on the East and the other end butting vpon the said way leadinge from Nonsuch great Parke on the west

The fowerth close of pasture of the said Thomas Evelyn called little cowlease lienge betwene the said coppice called Rutherwicke on the Sowth and the rest of this said close on the north the one end buttinge vpon the said coppice on the East and the other end buttinge vpon the said way leading from Nonsuch great Parke on the west.

The new grubbed ground of the said John Good lienge between the said Ryver and the said parcell of Meadow of the said John Browne called millhawes on the west and the common field of Malden called Downfeild on the East, the one end buttinge vpon the parke Pale the said great Parke of Nonsuch on the Southe the other end buttinge vpon the [rest] of the said grubbed grounds on the North.

The said common feild of arrable ground of Malden called Downfeild lienge betwene the said Parke pale on the south and the rest of the said common field on the North [with] one end buttinge vpon the said new grubbed ground of the said John Good on the west, and the other end buttinge vpon the rest of the said common feild and the said Humfreys Mylles inclosed ground on the East

The said coppice ground called Rutherwicke lienge betwene the said Palfry meade on the Sowth and East and the said closes called Longdowne round close and litle cowe lease and the rest of this said coppice on the North the one end buttinge upon the said close called xviij acres on the west

To the Third Article 3.

The Service enioyed by this Article was committed to his Ma’tis [a word, apparently ‘Surveyor’, is replaced by ‘generall of his wooddes’] of these partes who hath dealt herein accordingly vnto whose certificat wee refer our selves.

To the Fowerth Article 4.

In the Answer to the Second Article wee haue sett downe the estates of dyvers men both Freehold and copyhold And for the rest wee do further fynde as followith

The said Lord Lumley holdeth By lease his said roode and xxviij perches of meadow together with halfe the Ryver there of the said Thomas Evelyn as parcell of the mannor of Tailworth in the county aforesaid for aboue 960 yeres yet to comme payenge no rent In Fee Symple his said parcell of wood ground together with the other halfe of the said Ryver

The said Tho Evelyn holdeth of Sandon Chappell in the court aforesaid one acre of meadow and [] acres of coppice grounde One acre meadow of the said Lord Lumley parcell of the mannor of Ewell in the county aforesaid for [?aboue 960 yeres yet to comme payenge no rent] [By lease two acres of medow] of the said Lord Lumley beinge parcel of the mannor of Maldon aforsaid belonginge to [ ] [?Merton] for above 3 [ ] yeres to come by the rent of vjs viijd a yere to the said Lord Lumley. The rest as his freehold in Fee symple

The said John Good holdeth his said land as parcell of the mannor of Malden by Lease of Merton Colledge aforsaid for 4972 yeres to come

The said Thomas Nott holdeth his [‘said’ is inserted] land in Fee symple

The said Henry Beawmont holdeth his said parcell of meadowe as parcell of the glebe land belonging to his parsonage of Longditton aforesaid

The said John Robertes is but tenant for teime of lief of his said land the inhertitaunce thereof beinge in Mary his weif

The other hold their land aboue specified to them and their heyres

William Heynes of Chessingden in the county aforsaid Esqe holdeth of these Lands of the said Thomas Evelyn by Lease for viij yeres to comme at Mychelmas next 14 acres 1 rood 22 perch of pasture and about 10 acres of meadowe

George Cole of Petersham in the county aforesaid gentleman hath of the said Meadow of the said Thomas Evelyn by Lease of some 40 yeres yet to come – viij swathes

Isaacke Badger of Maldon aforesaid holdeth by Lease for somme xj yeres yet to comme, the said Land of Richard hatton aforesaid

William Hewet of Maldon aforesaid holdeth the said Land of the said Robert Hill by Lease for three yeres yet to comm.

Nicholas Sharpe of Maldon aforsaid holdeth the said Land of the said John Gates by Lease for seven yeres yet to comme

The incumbraunces that we fynd these landes subiect vnto are these

Frauncis Evelyn the now wife of the said Thomas Evelyn having no joyneture hath title of dower to his said lands

The said Thomas Nott layeth clayme to x perches of the said pasture ground of the said Thomas Evelyn now in the tenure of the said Wm Heynes

The said Lease of the said John Good is by his late mothers will geven to him and to the heyras of his bodye with dyvers remaynders over to others with that proviso that if either he the said John Good or any other to whom that Lease shall descend, do go about to allyen or do [ ] the said Lease or any part therof then he or shee, that is next in remaynder is presently to enter and enioye it and to put owt the other as if that partye were actually dead

Elizabeth Saunders the wife of the said William Saunders hath an estate for terme of lief in the said land of the said William after the decease of the said William

The tithe of these lands are left to be considered

Other Incombraunces wee fynd none, vntil the wiefes of the said tenantes of Malden are to haue eny dower owt of the said Landes

To the Fyfte Article

Wee haue don herein so farre forth as lyeth in us

[Endorsed: ‘liberatur xxvj die Januarij a iiij’]

[Millhawes appears on Nicholas Lane’s Description And True Plott Of The Parish of Malden 1627 (photostat at Maldon Central Library, from Merton College) between the Hogsmill and Old Malden Lane, in the possession of Mr. Good. On Elias Allen’s Plott And Admeasurement Of Parte Of The Mannor Of Maulden’, 1625 (photostat at Maldon Central Library, from Merton College) it is lettered ‘Mr. Goudis purchis’]

[Downe Field appears on both maps (as Downe Furlonge in 1625). It lay to the east of Old Malden Lane. On the 1627 map it is divided into various shots]

[Mr. Good owned various plots on both sides of the river in 1627]

[Sir Thomas Evelin held the manor of Long Ditton in 1613 and died in 1617. He was the son of George Evelyn of Long Ditton and his brothers were John Evelyn of Godstone and Richard Evelyn of Wotton, the father of John Evelyn the diarist. He held two small plots bordering on the river well to the northwest of Good’s lands. It seems likely that his lands mentioned in the Survey were in Long Ditton parish, not Malden. This would put Rutherwycke into Long Ditton. Rotherwicke is mentioned in a Marriage Settlement (Thomas Tommell of Chessington, John Wornham of Long Ditton and Jeremy Meere of Kingston), 13th September 1631, Surrey Record Office]

[Tolworth Enclosure Award, 1820 in Surrey Record Office, has a field-map showing a curved line north of the Hogsmill; this could be the line of the Great Park boundary. Long Ditton Tithe Map, 1842, in Surrey Record Office, shows the same curved line. None of the 1606 field and copse names feature in the accompanying Tithe Award]

Certificate for the Cost of Enlarging Nonsuch Great Park, 23 October 1605

The National Archives: SP15/17 no. 64

[Certificate of John Taverner in answer to a warrant of 11 October 1605 for an estimate to be made] of the inclosinge with pale Hayle and post of his Mate parke called ye Great Parke at Nonsuch.

1. The said ground as heretofore enclosed cont. in circuit 1696 pole after 16’ 6” the pole. Also the porcion betwene the meadowe ground ther and thupland cont. after the same measure 228 pole – in all 1924 pole. Cost in making and settling up 1/6 the pole £144 0s 6d

[Cost of materials, transport]

Also ther are two Lodges in ye said parke which are in decaye of Tylinge and other workmanshipp £13 6s 8d

Also in ye quicksett hedges within ye said parke ther had nede to be ye quick cutt up and ye ditches filled at ye ende of every 20 pole, one pole in breddeth for his mate mor convenient passage in hunting £5 0s 0d

Also needed 3 Carte Gates, 1 Carte bridge called Kingston bridge to be newe made with an Arche of Brick [plus 10 loads of timber] £9 0s 0d

[Cost of making the pale, rails and posts]

Summa totalis £976 11s 0d

[plus 2000 trees from Shotover, Oxfordshire]

[Note by Dorset to Sir Thomas Lake to draw up a privy seal for £1,076 11s 0d for Taverner to do this work]

Certificate for the Cost of Enlarging Nonsuch Great Park, 7 November, 1607

The National Archives: SP15/38 no. 8

[A grant to George Warde and Robert Morgan assignees of Thomas Evelyn and John Good of certain of the kings lands to a yearly value of £53 9s 10d plus £10 10s 4d in fee simple in respect of lands by them conveyed to the king for enlarging Nonsuch Park]

Certificate for the Cost of Enlarging Nonsuch Great Park, 9 January 1607

The National Archives: SP15/39 no. 3

[This is partly transcript and partly precis]

Certificate of John Taverner about the impaling of certain groundes which are to be taken into his Mate parke at Nonesuch, called the greate parke and for new setting of a rail over the pale in all places about the parke, in answer to a warant of Jan 1606/7.

1. The circuit of those grounds which are to be new taken into the parke con’ 400 pole at 16’ 6” the pole 180’ of which is to be set with new posts, pale rayle and double shores together with a rail two foot above the said pale – 11/- the pole for 180 pole £99 0s 0d 2. Setting the above – 1/4 the pole for 180 pole £12 0s 0d 3. There is allso 220 pole, parte of the foresaid 400 pole to the sett with parte of the old stuff which shall be taken up in the said parke – 1/- the pole taking up and setting again. £11 0s 0d 4. There is 1780 pole of paling to be set with a rail 2 foot over the said pale £356 0s 0d 5. Setting up 1780 pole £43 10s 0d 6. There is 400 pole to be ditched and quicksett about the outside of the pale of those grounds which are to be taken in which at 8d. the pole £13 6s 8d 7. 100 pole of pale to be set up about the orchard and garden at the great lodge – to be done with part of the old stuff wh. is to be taken up £5 0s 0d 8. 60 pole in circuite to be railed in with double rail for a place to feed the deer £1 10. 6d 9. Materials for these 60 poles £13 2s 6 [10 and 11 cover materials and carriage, amounting to £19 16s 0d] 12. Two cart bridges to be new made over the River in the said park £8 0s 0d 13. Two new botes to be provided for the two ponds £4 0s 0d 14. One parlour of 18ft. long x 12ft. broad at the great lodge to be new boarded £2 10s 0d 15. One hall to be laid with pavement tile and one kitchen with brick, one chimney and two funnels to be taken down and set up again, tiling to be done over the kitchen and allso at the great barn at the little lodge £16 0s 0d 16. There are two gates to be taken up in the outeringe of the Parke as it is now enclosed and to be set again in the outeringe of the Park where the grounds are to be taken in, one of wh. being the gate where his Matie usually passeth through from Hampton Court to Nonesutch had neede to bee a faire paire of gates with a wicket £6 0s 0d

Summa totalis £611 15s 2d [with a further £30 for extras]

[Dorset added a memo to Sir Thomas Lake to draw up a privy seal for £642 15s 2d and dates his memo 9 Jan. 1606/7]

Exchequer Order, 1609

The National Archives: E403/2728

[Payment of £46 5s 8d to Lumley 8th April, 1609: quarterly allowance for the maintenance of Nonsuch up to the third day before his death]

Valuation of all the King’s Houses, 8 May 1609

The National Archives: SP14/46

[ff. 9–29 deal with ‘A collection of the names of the King’s majesties Castles Mansion Howses Parkes Forrests and Chaces’ and among these are]

/f.12/

The greate parke of Nonesuch The little parke of Nonesuch [No other details]

[Among the pages devoted to ‘Nomina et valores omnium maneriorum terrarum tenementorum Feod’ Firm’ et Redd’… Corone Anglie’ are]

/f. 49/

Maner’ de Oatelandes cum lxvjs viijd de incro’ xxviijli vijs ijd

/f.50/

Terr’ nuper Johannis Domini Lumley excambiat

Concess’ domino Lumley pro termino vite sue absque aliquo inde reddend’

Magnus parcus de Nonesuch iacen’ in parochia de Ewell Nonesuch et Malden per annum CCxxli Grant of Nonsuch to Henrietta Maria, 12 March 1627

The National Archives: SP38/14

12 Martij: 1626

Docquett

[In later hand: ‘Grant of Oatlands, Nonsuch to the Queen’]

A Graunt unto the Queenes Majesty of the houses of Oatelandes and Nonesuche with the parkes there and of Fee farms rentes, tenthes and other rentes amounting to the cleere yeerely value of: 16915li: for parcell of her ioynture with power to: 3: or more of her Councill (her Chancellor and Attorney being twoe) to take her Recognizances and to determyne Causes concerning her Revenue in such manner as was given to the Councell of the late Queene Anne Subscr’ by mr Attorney gennerall upon significacion of his Majestyes pleasure by the lo. Tres.

Draft Grant of Nonsuch to Henrietta Maria

The National Archives: SP39/19

[A draft of C66/2376 is followed by]

Maie it please your most excellent Majestie

This conteyneth your majestyes graunte, unto your most deare Consort the Queene, Of your houses of Oatlandes, and Nonesuch with the Parkes there, and of fee farme rentes, tenthes, and other rentes, amounting to the clare yearly value of xvjm ixc xvli , for parcell of her ioynture.

And graunteth power to .3. or more of her Councell (her Chauncellor and Attorney being two) to take recognizances, and to determine causes concerning her revenue, in such mannor as was given to the Councell of your late deere mother Queen Anne.

And is done upon significacion of your majestyes pleasure by the Lord Threasorer.

R.J. Death

Grant of Nonsuch to Henrietta Maria, 24 March 1627

The National Archives: C66/2376

[?Donaciones] ad vitam Domine Henriette Marie Regine.

Rex Omnibus ad quos etc. Salutem. Sciatis quod nos tam pro amore at affeccione nostre quas ex animo et intime gerimus erga precharissimam et predilectissimam Consortem nostram Dominam Henriette Mariam Reginam quam in parte compensacionis et contentacionis pro juncture et dote suis, de gracia nostra speciali ac ex certa sciencia et mero motu nostris, dedimus concessimus et assignauimus ac per presentes pro nobis heredibus et Successoribus nostris damus concedimus et assignamus dicte Consorti nostre Henriette Marie Regine

Totam illam domum nostram mancionalem de Oatelandes in Comitatu nostro ac exitus eiusdem cum horto pomario et gardino dicte domo pertinentibus ac Parcum nostrum de Oatelandes in dicto Comitatu Surrie cum suis iuris membris et pertinenciis universis Ac totum illud pratum nostrum iacens in Commune prato in waybridge in dicto Comitatu Surrie modo in manibus nostris existens reseruatum erga sustentacionem Damarum nostrarum ibidem,

Ac totum illud regale mesuagium siue domum mancionalem nostrum vocatum siue cognitum per nomen de Nonsuch unacum omnibus atrijs pomariis et gardinis commoditatis et easiamentis quibuscunque eidem domo mancionale pertinentibus siue spectantibus in dicto Comitatu nostro Surrie

Ac totum illum parvum Parcum nostrum vocatum seu cognitum per nomen de Nonsuch little Parke continentem per estimacionem Sexcentum Septuaginta et unum acras terre prati pasture et bosci in eodem Comitatu Surrie cum suis iuris membris et pertinenciis universis

Ac totum illum Parcum nostrum siue terram inclusam cum pertinenciis scituatum iacentem et existentem infra parochias de Ewell Nonsuch et Maldon in dicto Comitatu Surrie vel in eorum aliquo vulgariter vocatum Magnum Parcum nostrum de Nonsuch continentem per estimacionem noningentes undecim acras terra prati pasture et bosci ac omnia terras tenements et heridatamenta nostra in Ewell Nonsuch et Maldon vulgariter vocata seu cognita per nomen magni Parci de Nonsuch in dicto Comitatu Surrie cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinenciis quibuscunque

[Together with the Castle of Allington in Kent, etc., the whole document being 32 membranes]

Inventory of Goods at Royal Palaces including Nonsuch

British Library: MS Harley 4898

/p1/

An Inventory of the household goods, jewells, plate, pictures etc. belonging to the late king sold by order of the Council of State from the several Places and Palaces following

The Tower Jewell Houses, Somerset House, Whitehall, Greenwich, Wimbleton, Oatlands, Windsor, Hampton Court, Richmond, Sion House, St. James etc.

[Also mentioned are Nonsuch, Theobalds, St. Margaret’s Church, Derby House, Carisbroke and Ludlow Castles, Woodstock, and other places]

With the several contracts made by the Contractors for the sale of the said goods etc. from the yer 1649 to 1652

/pp156–160/

Goods Veiwed at Nonsuch ye 22 of Sept. 1649 being Pictures as followeth

31 [Pictures; each described. Many sold to Mr. Delloman, Delomere, Delamere, and to Mr. Jackson, Mr. Murray, Mr. Houghton, etc]

32 Twenty four back stooles of wood, covered and gilt Sold Mr Latham ye 17th May 1650 for £18 018. 0. 0

33 A marble Inlayed Table Sold Mrs. Longvill ye 19th January 1650 for £20 020. 0. 0

[Very little at Nonsuch compared with Hampton Court, and less than at Oatlands] A Survey of Nonsuch House and Park

The National Archives: E317/Surrey/41

Surrey – Nonsuch house and Parke cum Pertinenciis

A Survey of the Cappitall Messuag and Royall Mancion house commonly called Nonsuch and of the Parke Wherein it stands and of all the houses and lands therevnto belonging acytuate lying and being in the County of Surrey late parcell of the possessions and joynture lands of Henrietta Maria the relict and late wife of Charles Stuart late king of England, made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto subscribed in the Month of Aprill in Anno Domini: 1650: by virtue of a Commission grounded vppon an Act of the Commons assembled in Parliament for the sale of the honors Manors and lands of the late king, Queene and prince vnder the hands and seales of fiue or more of the trustees in the said Act named and appoynted –

Nonsuch All that Cappitall messuage or Royall Mancion house with the appurtenances commonly called Nonsuch scytuat standing and being in or neare the midle parte of the little parke of Nonsuch in the said County of Surry consisting of one fayer strong and large structure or building of free stone of two large stories high, well wrought and batteled with stone and covered with blue slate standing round a Court of: 115: foote long and 132 foote broad paved with stone commonly called the outward Court. The lower of which stories conteynes severall necessary and very vsefull roomes formerly vsed for severall offices as the buttery, the wineceller, three roomes belonging to the ladie Hollands servants, six roomes for the housekeeper, three roomes for the Gentleman vshers, and quarter wayter, two roomes for the groom porter, and one roome for Mr. Henry Jermin. The higher storie conteynes three roomes formerly the Lady Denbighs groome of the stoole: twoo roomes for the mayds of Honour: three roomes for the Ladie Holland: a dyning roome a with- drawing roome and a bed chamber for the Ladie Carlisle: two roomes for her servants: two roomes for the queenes almner: fower roomes for the lord Dorsett Lord Chamberlayne, and two roomes for the housekeeper. the Outward Gatehouse Memorandum that the gatehouse leading into the outward court aforesaid is a building very strong and gracefull being three storyes high leaded ouer head, batteled and turreted in euery of the fower Corners thereof, the highest of which stories conteynes a very large and spatyous roome very pleasant and delectable for prospect. the Inner Court And allsoe consisting of one other fayre and very curious structure or building of two stories high, the lower story whereof is of good and well wrought free stone and the higher of wood richly adorned and sett forth and garnished with variety of statues pictures and other Antik formes of excellient art and workmanship and of noe small cost: all which building lying allmost vppon a square is covered with blue slate and incloseth one fayer and large Court of on hundred thirtie seuen foote broad and one hundred and sixteene foote long all paved with free stone: commonly called the Inner Court The Lower of which stories conteynes one roome called the guard chamber, two roomes for the ladie Cary, two roomes for Madam Nurse, one roome called the Queenes backstayres, two rooms for Madam Vautlet the queenes dresser, two roomes for docter Myerne, two roomes for Madam Conget, two roomes for the queenes preists, two roomes for the Master of the horse, two roomes for the queenes robes, two roomes for Madam Cyvet, two rooms for the queens Querries, the queenes privie Kitchen, one room for the Master Cooke, and one other room for the Queenes wayters: The higher storie conteyne rooms called the presence chamber the privie Closet the privie chamber, the privy gallery, the queenes bedchamber, the queenes backstayres, the Kings bedchamber, the Kings backstayres, the queenes chappell and two roomes for the ladie marquess Hambleton.

Lights Memorandum that all the roomes comprised within the said last mencioned building are very fayre and large many of them being waynscoted round the matted and adorned with spatious lights both inwards and outwards guarded with Iron barrs and all of them fitt for present vse. the Inner gatehouse Memorandum allsoe that the Inward Court aforesaid stands higher then the said outward Court by an assent of eight stepps leading therefrom through a gatehouse of free stone three stories high leaded and turreted in the fower Corners in the middle of which gatehouse stands a clock case turreted and leaded all ouer wherein is placed a clock and a bell this last mencioned gatehouse standing as aforesaid in the midle betwixt the said outward and inward Courts is of most excellent workmanship and a very special ornament to Nonsuch House.

Lead battlements Memorandum allsoe that the said inner Court building is batteled on the outside thereof with frames of wood all covered with lead and supported with strong barrs of Iron allsoe covered with lead and fixed to the master pannes of the building, which battlements are a very greate grace and a speciale ornament to the whole building. on the east and west corners of which sayd inner Court building there are p-laced two large and well built turrestts of fiue stories high each of them conteyning fiue roomes, beesides theire staire cases, the highest of which roomes together with the lanthorns aboue the same are covered with lead and battled round with frames of wood couered with lead, theise turretts command the prospect and view of both the parkes of Nonsuch, and of most of the Country round about, and are the cheife ornament of the whole house of Nonsuch.

Turret Cisterne Memorandum allsoe that in the second storie of the said west turrett there is placed a very large cesterne of lead fed and maynteyned with severall pipes of lead conveying water thereinto from a conduit a good distance from the same stading in the side of a rising ground within Nonsuch little Parke; this cesterne is of singuler vse to the whole house many pipes being branched from thence for the supply of the offices of the whole house and ought not as wee conceaue to bee removed thence.

Marble fountayne That in the sayd inner Court and neare about the midle thereof the is placed one fayer fountayne of whyte marble supported with two brass dragons vnder which is a large square cesterne of lead sett within a frame of whyte marble, vnto which cesterne is an assent of three stepps: ouer agaynst the South side of which fountayne the foresaid privie gallery doth lie being a roome waynscoted and matted and very pleasant in the midle of which is a balcone of very good workemanhipp placed ouer agaynst the said fountayne.

The Livery Kitchen And allsoe consisting of one other structure or freestone building with two little shedds belonging to the same standing in a little Court called the Kitchen Court and adioyning to the east side of the said outward Court building conteyning seuerall vsefull roomes to witt one fayer and large liuery Kitchen, a pastry roome a boyling house a botle house a Cole house and seven roomes for officers of the Kitchen and pastry. the woodyard buildings And allsoe consisting of certeyne other buildings standing and being in the yard called the woodyard and commonly called the gariners house, the rush house, the privie buttery and the botle house. bowling greene Memorandum that the frontespeece of Nonsuch house is rayled in with strong and handome rayles and ballasters of free stone adding much to the beautie of the house before which and about 8 yardes distance from the same is a neate and hansome bouling greene well ordered lying much what vppon a square and rayled with good postes rayles and lattices of wood from whence doth lead a fayer and streight path betwixt two fayre rancks of trees vnto the parke Gate which being very high well built and placed in a direct lyne opposite to Nonsuch first gatehouse renders it a good ornament therevnto. privie garden, Kitchen garden, Wilderness And allsoe consisting of one large garden commonly called the privie garden lying round and adioyning vnto the three outsides of the said Inward Court building compassed round with a brick wall of 14 foote high, and cut out and devided into seuerall allyes quarters and rounds set about with thorne hedges all which though for the present in a condicion of some neglect: yet with a little labor may answeare the expectatyon of a very hansome garden plot: It being a ground large and spatious enough for such a purpose: to the North end whereof adioynes one Kitchen garden very vsefull and commodious lying to the east side of the said outward Court building and compassed round with a wall of brick of: 14 foote high and on the west side of the said privie garden there hath beene a willderness growing and severed with a hedge from the said little parke but the wood of the same wilderness is within three Months last past cutt downe as wee are informed by order of one Mr. Bond one of the Contractors for the sale of the late kings goods but for whose vse or how converted wee cannot discouer on the North side of which wilderness there is one ould orchard or kitchen garden, the contents and number of acres of which said privie garden Kitchen gardens wilderness and orchard and of the scite of the foremencioned buildings and of the said Courts and yards wee estimate to amount to tenn acres of land but the contents thereof are comprised within the totall of acres of the said Nonsuch Parke herein hereafter particularly expressed.

Garden materialls Memorandum that in the said privie garden there is one piramide or spired pinacle of marble set vppon a basis of marble grounded vppon a rise of free stone neare vnto which and in the west side of the said west turret there is placed one large marble wash boule or bason ouer which stands a marble pellican fed with a pipe of lead to convey water into the same. There are allsoe two other marble pinacles or piramides called the Fawlcon perches betwixt which is placed a fountayne of whyte marble with a lead Cesterne which fountayne is sett round with six trees called Lelack trees which trees beare noe fruit but only a very pleasant flower. There are in the said privie garden one hundred and forty fruit trees, two ewe trees, one Juniper tree, six lelack trees, and in the sayd Kitchen garden and ould orchard, seventy two fruit trees, and one fayre lyme tree. all which materialls of the said privie garden and premises are comprised within the grose valewes of the materialls of Nonsuch house as apperteyning therevnto. the banqueting house And allsoe consisting of one structure of tymber building of a quadrangular forme plesantly scituated vppon the highest parte of the said Nonsuch Parke commonly called the banqueting house. being compassed round with a brick wall the fower corners whereof represent fowre halfe Moones or fortified angles this building being of: 3; stories high conteynes three fayer cellers for the first storie, one large hall waynscotted and three other roomes for the second story and fiue roomes for the 3rd story, most of them all waynscotted and lighted quite round the whole house; the stanchions and outposts of which banqueting house are all covered with lead, ouer the third story there is a lanthorne placed covered with lead and in euery of the foure corners of the whole house a balcone placed for prospect.

Memorandum vnto this banqueting house belongs one little building conteyning a bakehouse and a roome wherein placed a fayer well with a wheele for the winding vp of water: and one other little house vsed for a washouse both which buildings stand in the said Nonsuch Parke opposite to the gate leading to the said banqueting house.

Vnder housekeepers lodgings And allsoe consisting of one other pile of tymber building tyled ouerhead neare adioyning to Nonsuch house on the east side thereof vsually belonging to the vnder housekeeper and inhabited by Mr. Powell vnder housekeeper (de bene placito) conteyning a hall a kitchen a buttery a milkhouse a parler a celler and six roomes aboue stayres one little garden and one little orchard.

Saucery House And allsoe consisting of one little tymber building tyled ouer head neare adioyning to the said vnder housekeepers house commonly called the saucery house conteyning fower little roomes vsed by the yeomen of the sauces.

Well house And allsoe consisting of one brick building neare adioyning to the said saucery house commonly called the well house within which house is a fayre well of a greate depth a large cesterne of lead and a wheele for winding vp the water with two large and strong buckets well bound with Iron.

Stable buildings And allsoe consisting of one other pile of tymber building tyled ouer head standing allsoe in the said Parke a little remote from Nonsuch house vppon the North east vsually called the stable buildings conteyning 8 roomes below stayres two whereof weare vsed for the bakehouse for Nonsuch and ten roomes aboue stayres all of them formerly vued as lodgings for groomes of the stable and other inferior officers of the Court and one little garden lying on the backside thereof. the greate stable And allsoe consisting of one fayer and large building parte wood and parte stone tyled ouer head conteyning a stable for 32 horse to stand a brest posted into stalles, planked and paued, with two little roomes in the midle thereof for sadles to hang in, vnto each end of which long stable adioynes a severall building the one conteyning a stable for, 6.horses to stand a brest ordered as aforesaid and the other conteyning two rooms below and two aboue vsed for lodgings and two other roomes formerly a smiths forge. little stables And allsoe of one other tymber building adioyning to the said stable buildings conteyneing a stable for eight horses to stand a brest ordered as aforesaid and a roome ouer to lay hay in. barnes And allsoe consisting of two barnes standing neare vnto the said long stable on each side thereof one: one of them conteyning 7 bayes of building with a porch and two shedds and the other of them conteyning fiue bayes of building and both of them tyled.

Keepers lodge And allsoe consisting of one other tymber building tyled ouer head standing in the said Nonsuch parke a pretty distance remote from Nonsuch house commonly called the keepers lodge consisting of a hall a parler a Kitchen a buttery a larder a skullery a milke house a bolting house a deere house a Cole house and ten chambers or roomes ouer head a stable a little barne of three bayes a hay house and a barne of five bayes thatched a garden or orchard very well planted and two little yardes.

Valew of Materialls The sayd Cappitall messuage or royall Mancion house and all the said other houses and buildings belonging to the same scytuate and being within the said Nonsuch parke are generally in very good repayre and not fit to bee demolished or taken downe yet in regard wee haue made noe yearely valew of the same wee haue proceeded to a full and perfect view of all the materialls thereof both within and without the same as they stand respectiuely and hauing particularly apprised the same wee doe find that the materialls of all the houses and premises before mencioned are worth to bee sould aboue all chardges to bee allowed for taking downe the same in stone tymber lead slate tyle bricks iron glass waynscot Cesternes fountaynes fruit trees and other the before mencioned vtensills and premises vppon the place the sum of £7020 00s 00d

Nonsuch litle Parke All that Parke or Impaled gound commonly called and knowne by the name of Nonsuch little Parke lying and being betweene the parishes of Ewell and Cheame in the County of Surry bounded with the towne of Ewell vppon the west, the Common fields there vppon the South, the towns of Cheame vppon the east, and the greate Parke of Nonsuch vppon the North, conteyning in the whole vppon admeasurement six hundred threescore and eleuen acres of land worth in the whole per annum 671:00:00 acr. val. per ann. £402 12s 00d

And all wayes waters passadges liberties priviledges easements Franchises profits commodities advantages immunities Jurisdictyons and appurtenances whatsoever to the said Nonsuch house and parke and premises belonging or apperteyning or therevnto vsed occupied or enioyed or accepted reputed or taken as part parcell or member thereof or of any parte thereof.

Deere There are in the said Nonsuch little Parke one hundred and eighty fallow deere male and female or neare thereabouts which at present wee value to be worth £240 00s 00d

Trees vnmarked The tymber trees and other trees now standing and growing within the said little Parke of Nonsuch being in number two thousand fower hundred twenty sixe ouer and beesides such as are marked out for the vse of the Nauy being for the most part ould decayed poliards or very young spring wood good for litle saue the fier are worth vppon the place aboue all chardges for converting them into mony the sum of 3s. 5d. qa and 13s. 4d. ouer at all one tree with another in toto £407 10s 00d

Vnder wood There are allsoe growing in diuers places of the said Parke diuers bushes of Thorne and other vnderwood which wee valew to bee worth vppon the place aboue all chardges the sum of £50 00s 00d

Tythe free Memorandum that the said Nonsuch house Parke and premises are tythe free as hauing never beene chardged therewith.

Marked trees The trees within the Parke aforesaid allready marked forth for the vse of the Nauie are found to bee in number two thousand eight hundred and fiue, two hundred whereof growe soe neare vnto Nonsuch house and in such a decent order being a speciall ornament therevnto that the cutting downe thereof will not onely very much impayre the magnificence of the structure, but will allsoe exceedingly detract from the pleasantness of the seate, which wee humbly make bould to certifie.

Wee haue not made any reprise for the fencing or keeping vp of the pales of the said parke in regard wee haue valewed the same as it may bee improued and not in relacion as to haue it maynteyned for deare.

Totall of acres and Annuall valewe 671 Acres Vall. per ann. £402 12s 00d

Totall of grose valewes of Materialls £7020

Totall of trees and woods £457 10s

Deere £240 0s

Examined per Will. Webb, Supervisor General, 1650 Hm. Hindley John Inwood John Wale John Webb

[On Cover ‘207 Nonsuch house and Litle Park. Car’ regis. Surrey. Received this 6th of Aprill. Transmitted to the Serveyor Generall the same day. Returned the 8th of Aprill. Hindley. 17’]

A Survey of the Great Park of Nonsuch

The National Archives: E317/Surrey/39

[On the cover: ‘206 Surrey. Nonsuch Great Park. Ca. Regis. Received this Sixth of April 1650, Transmitted to the Surveyor General the same day, Returned the 8th of Aprill. Hindley, Surry’]

Worcester Hous and Nonsuch greate Parke cum pertinenciis A Survey of the greate Parke of Nonsuch and of all the houses lands and hereditaments belonging to the same scytuate lying and being in the parishes of Nonsuch Ewell and Maulden in the County of Surrey late parcel of the possessions and joynture lands of Henrietta Maria the relict and late queene of Charles Stuart late King of England made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto subscribed in the month of Aprill Anno Domini 1650 by virtue of a Commission grounded vppon an Act of the Commons assembled in Parliament for sale of the Honors Manors and Lands heretofore belonging to the late King queene and prince vnder the hands and seales of fiue or more of the Trustees in the Sayd Act named and appoynted.

Nonsuch greate Parke All that Parke or impaled ground with the appurtenances commonly called and knowne by the name of the greate parke of Nonsuch lying and being within the parishes of Nonsuch Ewell and Maulden in the County of Surry or in some of them and all that one parcell of meadowe or impaled ground adioyning to the said Parke vppon the southside thereof and severed therefrom with a pale for the better enioying of the same commonly called the greate parke meadowe which sayd parke and meadow are bounded with the lane that devides the little parke of Nonsuch from the said meadowe and great parke vppon the south and east and with Maulden Common vppon the North east and with Maulden towne and parish lands vppon the North and with Ewell Common vppon the west containing on the whole vppon admeasurement one thousand acres of land worth per annum Acr Rode Perches 1,000 – – valew per ann £550 00s 00d

Worcester House, The Race All that fayre and large Messuage Mancion house or lodge with the appurtenances scyutate and being vppon the highest ground within the said greate parke commonly called and knowne by the name of Worcester house or lodge consisting of one intire pile of very good brick building fower stories high covered with tile well built and ordered. The first storie conteynes a kitchen a beare celler a wyne celler a pantrie roome a dry larder a wett larder a passage roome a dayry roome and a washouse The second storie conteynes a fayre hall waynscoted and tiled with a footepace of boards a parler waynscoted and boarded a withdrawing roome waynscoted and boarded, one great chamber waynscoted and two other chambers two closets and two roomes for servants: the third storie conteynes a large and fayer dyning roome waynscoted, a withdrawing roome and fower bed chambers and two closets The fourth story conteynes six garrets all boarded and well lighted And allsoe consisting of a very handsome garden plot lying on the North east part of the said house much what vppon a square being compassed with a brick wall of :10: foote high on all the sides thereof And allsoe consisting of one handsome greene Court lying before the frontespeece of the said house being seuered from the said park with a brickwall of ten foote high from which Court to the said hall doore is an assent of ten stepps and from which Court a race or way is sett forth betwixt two rowes of well growing trees set in a direct line answering the body of the sayd Worcester House which extends it selfe a measured halfe mile in lenght from the same and is a speciall ornament both to the house and parke and allsoe consisting of one Kitchen garden allsoe walled round and of one back court rayled with hansome rayles and of one yard wherein stand one Coach house and pigeon house and some sheds for poultry all very vsefull and necessary

The Keepers Lodge And all that one mesuage or lodge neare adioyning to the said worcester house vppon the North commonly called the Keepers lodge being a tymber building consisting of a hall a parler a kitchen a cellar a buttery a milk house and a washouse and seuen rooms over them three stables one barne of five bayes with a porch and a shed all tyled one other barne of fiue bayes thatched one garden one orchard well planted a greene Court and two yards

Ould lodges and Haybarnes And all those two ould and decayed lodges allsoe standing in the said parke remote from the said worcester house and lodge aforesaid and all those two hay barnes allsoe standing in the said parke the one called sparrow field barne and the other haystack barne and all that little brick building standing neare to the said keepers lodge heretofore vsed for a waterhouse

And all wayes waters liberties easements profits priviledges and commodities to the said greate parke of Nonsuch meadowe and premises belonging or apporteyning or to or with the same vsed or inioyed

Materialls The said messuage called worcester house and the said keepers lodge and all the said houses barnes and presmises except the said two ould lodges are in very good repayre and not fit to bee taken downe or demolished yet in regard wee haue not returned any yearly valew of the same wee haue proceeded to a full and perfect view of all the materialls thereof both within and without the same and hauing particularly apprised the same as allsoe the said two ould lodges doe find the same to bee worth aboue all chardges to be allowed for taking downe the same in stone lead Iron glass waynscot tymber and other the before mencioned premises vppon the place the sum of £1820 00s 00d fallow deare There are in the said greate parke of Nonsuch three hundred fallow deare male and female as neare as wee can discouer which at present wee valew to bee worth £400 00s 00d

Red deare There are in the said parke eight red deare male and female which wee valew to be worth £20 00s 00d trees unmarked The tymber trees and other trees now standing and growing within the sayd greate parke of Nonsuch being in number one thousand eight hundred and ninteen ouer and besides such as are marked out for the vse of the Navy being for the most parte ould decayed pollards or very young spring wood good for litle saue the fier are worth vppon the place aboue all chardges of converting them into mony the sum of £280 02s 00d springs and coppices There are in the said greate parke of Nonsuch several springs groues and coppices of young wood conteyning vppon admeasurement one hundred and eighteene acres two roodes and twenty perches the soyle and herbage whereof is valewed with the said parke as being comprehended within the measure of one thousand acres aforesaid but the vesture thereof being of seuerall growths and all the best trees thereof marked out for the Navie wee valew to bee worth aboue all chardges of converting the same into mony the sum of £1084 18s 00d bushes and vnderwoods There are allsoe in the said greate Parke of Nonsuch diuers bushes of Thorne and other vnderwoods which wee valew to bee worth aboue all chardges as aforesaid the sum of £66 13s 4d

Fishponds Memorandum that in the said greate parke there are severall fishponds very well imbanked ordered and fitted for preservation of fish and foule and if stored may bee much improved tithe free The said greate parke of Nonsuch and the said meadowe and all other the premises are tythe free as hauing neuer beene chardged therewith

Marked trees The trees within the foresaid greate parke allready marked forth for the vse of the Navy are found to bee in number fowre thousand two hundred and eighteene most of them very small tymber

Wee haue not made any reprise for the fencing or keeping vp of the pales of the said parke in regard wee haue valewed the same as it may bee improved and not in relacion as to haue it maynteyned for deare

Totall of acres and annuall value Acres Roods Perches 1000: 00: 00 valew per annum £550 00s 00d

Totall of gross valewes of Materialls £1820 00s 00d

Totall valew of trees Coppices and vnderwood £1431 13s 4d

Deare £420 00s 00d

Memorandum That Charles Kirke sonne of George Kirke esqr. claymes for his life by patent of the late queene Henrietta Maria beareing date in Anno Domini 1639 the office of Keeper of the greate parke of Nonsuch, with the keepeing and benefit of all the lodges and houses within the same parke and the benefitt of placeing and displacing the vnder keepers thereof at pleasure and also the Fee of two shillings per diem and also £15 per annum for cutting of hay for the deere to be paid yearely forth of the exchequer and also the herbage and Pannage of the whole parke and also a fat buck and a doe in season and the Libertie of fireboote, hedgeboote, and browse wood for the deare

Memorandum wee haue not seene any graunt whereon the Clayme aforeside is grounded but wee haue herewith returned to the Honorable trustees the examinacions of such persons as were brought before vs for proveing of the same clayme which wee humbly Leave to their further Judgements

Exd par Will: Webb Supervisor Generall 1650

H.W. Hindley John Inwood John Wale John Webb

14th January, 1650

At the Committee of Parliament for Removing Obstruction etc.

Forasmuch as Mr. Richard Byfeild Rector of the parish Church of Long Ditton in the County of Surrey, hath in his petition (read the 27th of December last) sett forth, That ever since the Third yeere of the late King Charles vntill Michaelmas 1649 there hath been Constantly allowed and paid vnto him as Rector of the said parish Church in Recompence of certeine Glebe Lande and Tythes of other Lands within the Great Parke of Nonsuch the Summe of vjli xvijs ixd ob per Annum at the 25th of March and 29th of September yearly, and did then produce vnto this Committee a Certificate vnder the hands of Mr. Auditor Darrell dated the 16th day of December last; Vpon which this Committee did that order, That the Businesses concerning the Settling of the said pention should be taken into further consideration and the purchasers of the said Great Parke of Nonsuch their Attourney, or Agent to show Cause this day wherefore the said Anuity should not be continued vnto the sayd Mr. Byfeild for his tyme, and to such person or persons as shalbe hereafter Rectors or Ministers of the said parish Church for their tymes, and Copies of the said petition and Certificate to be delivered vnto the said Purchaser, Attourney or Agent together with the said Order; And whereas oath was this day made that Colonell Pride purchaser of the said Great Parke was the 31st of December aforesaid personally serued with the said Order, and a Copy thereof, and of the said petition and Certificate left with him, who (being called) hath not appeared this day nor any other for him, to shew such Cause: And it appearing vnto this Committee by the said Certificate that the said Pencion or Annuity of vjli xvijs ixd ob hath been (during all the said tyme) Allowed vnto him the said Mr. Byfeild as Rector there in Leiw and Recompence of certeine Glebe Lands, and Tythes of other Lands inclosed within the said Great Parke and constantly paid vnto him the said Mr. Byfeild at the aforesaid yeerlly by even and equall portions bythe Receivor generall for the said County for the tyme being. It was thought fitt by this Committee so Resolved and Ordered that the said Anuity or yeerly Summe of Six pounds Seventeene shillinges and Nyne pence halfe peny be and stand charged vpon the said Great Parke of Nonsuch aforesaid, and be yeerly paid vnto such person or persons as are, or shalbe for his or their tymes successively and respectiuely Rectors or Ministere of the said Parish Church of Long Ditton aforesaid by the Purchasers, Owners, or Possessors of the same for the tyme being at the said seuerall tymes for payment thereof; And the said purchasers to be reprized for the same. And that the Contractors for Sale of the said Lands be hereby desired and authorized to Assertaine the said Reprize, and the same so assertained to Allow and defaulke vnto the said Purchasers out of such purchase money as they are to pay into the Treasury for the said Parke. And also that the Trustees and Surveyor generall for sale of the said Honors & c. do enter and record vpon the Survey of the said Parke the said Interest.

February iijd . 1650 Wm. Monson, Edwardes, Jo. Corbett, Will. Webb, James Chaloner, Jo. Bourchier, Tho. Pary.

1650 Particulars of Sale for Mansion House and Little Park, 1650.

The National Archives: E320/R8

[These are extracts and not a full transcript]

…Capitall messuage or Royal Mansion House with the appurtenences commonly called Nonsuch in the middle part of the Little Park of Nonsuch, with all [structures gardens and orchards] And also all those two other structures... commonly called the outwarde and inwarde Gatehouses... and also… the woodyard… Rush house Gardners house privye butterye and bottle house and Bowleing ally... and... Banquetting house on the highest parte of the said Parke... underhousekeepers... saucery... well house... Keepers lodge... the Parke...

Memorandum the premises are in the present possession of the State The materials £7020 The deer £240 The timber £462 10s.

This particular is grounded upon a survey taken by Hugh Hindley gent and others... April 1650 and is made forth by order of the Contractors of the 11th day of April aforesaid

Contracted for the 15th day of April 1650…

Premises… are contracted for and agreed to be sold vnto George Smythsom of Kipplyn in County of Yorke John Saunderson of Headlyhope… Durham, Thomas Lilburne of Vfferton… Durham William Bradford of Holme on Spalding More… Yorke… George Waytkinson… Yorke and Frauncis wilkinson of Burton on Trent…

At sixteen yeeres purchase for the present yeerely rent... being £402 12s in possession and the grosse summe of £7020 for the Capitall Messuage... with the Court yards Territts orchards gardens wilderness bowling greene trees lead and wood battlements Cisternes Conduits pipes of lead and marble fountains… £240 for deere… £457 for tymber... £14,158 12s…

[The first moiety to be paid in 8 weeks, the balance during following 6 months; on the second payment, purchasers to be given a lease for 99 years. The particulars are entered by Thomas Wheatley, Dept Reg; 3 June 1650]