exchangeSPRING 1998

ALUMNI MAGAZINE

THE MARRIOTT

SCHOOL OF

MANAGEMENT

BRIGHAM YOUNG

UNIVERSITY MARRIOTT SCHOOL CALENDAR JUNE 1998–APRIL 1999

June January 15–17 Entrepreneur Founders Retreat 20–21 Recruiter Ski Days 18–20 Fourth Annual Management Conference 25–27 Fourth Annual Asian Language Business Workshop

August February 3–7 EMBA Residency Week 11–12 Institute of Marketing National Advisory 13 University Commencement Board Meetings 14 Marriott School of Management Convocation 22–28 Institute of Marketing Career Days

September March

11–12 Center for Entrepreneurship Fall Conference 1–12 Institute of Marketing Career Days 13 Romney Institute Administrator of the Year Award 22 Institute of Marketing Scholarship Awards 25–26 Taggart Symposium

October April 5–10 Homecoming Week 22 University Commencement 8–10 Alumni Board Meeting 23 Marriott School of Management Convocation 8–10 Management Society Conference TBA Third Annual William G. Dyer Distinguished Alumi 26–31 Institute of Marketing Career Days Award

November 1–6 Institute of Marketing Career Days 5–7 National Advisory Council Meetings 19 Institute of Marketing Sales Career Fair

SPRING 1998 K. Fred Skousen, Publisher Published by the Marriott School of Management, Brigham Young THE MARRIOTT John Lewis, Managing Editor University, Provo, Utah. Copyright 1998 by Brigham Young University. SCHOOL OF All rights reserved. All communications should be sent to exchange, Roger Terry, Editor MANAGEMENT 490 Tanner Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602. Byron Bronk, Copy Editor Telephone (801) 378-5083. BRIGHAM Debbie Johnson, YOUNG Art Director The views expressed in exchange are those of the various authors and UNIVERSITY Mark Philbrick, Photographer not necessarily the Marriott School of Management.

2 exchange 4

DEPARTMENTS

2 Dean’s Message

18 School News

24 Faculty News

27 Alumni

Cover Photo by John Rees contents

FEATURES

The Seven Blunders of the Modern World 4 “What I have written here,” Ghandi told his grandson, “are the seven blunders that human society commits and [that] cause all the violence.” —By Don Adolphson, Neil Brady, Roger Terry, and Warner Woodworth

Shepherd Leaders and Self-Directed Teams 10 The best leaders we have seen are more like the shepherd than the sheep-herding dogs. They don’t bite or heel-nip, even if those acts spring from a genuine intention for the welfare of others. —By Kimball Fisher

Combating Poverty Through Microfinance 15 “If you can bring so much happiness, so much excitement to so many people with such a tiny amount of money, how can you walk away from it? Why don’t you do more of it?”

1 exchange dean’s message

ince President Bateman announced my pending change of opportunities. One is the Institute of Marketing, which prepares assignment, I have spent considerable time reflecting on my students for careers in the retail, sales, and services industries. Snine years as dean of the Marriott School of Management. At the heart of that preparation is the availability of exciting These have been some of the most rewarding years of my life, student internships with leading companies across the country. and I will always be grateful for the opportunity to serve. A second is the Insurance, Risk Management, and Financial In my musings, I’ve tried to identify the real role I have Services Program, which sponsors faculty research and cur- played as dean. It’s a very interesting assignment that carries riculum content in an effort to prepare students for careers in with it a great deal of responsibility. My ability to discharge that these significant areas. A third is the newly named George W. responsibility, however, has only been as strong as the collabo- Romney Institute of Public Management, which has a long tra- rative strength I could build among students, faculty, staff, dition of preparing young people for careers in public service alumni, and supporters who have a vested interest in what we and not-for-profit management. are trying to accomplish. In many ways, In the end, though, this is only a I’ve had the assignment of architect at the design—a theoretical plan. It is the stu- Marriott School, surrounded by builders, dents, staff, faculty, and you alumni and craftsmen, and financial backers who all supporters who really bring the blueprint work together to construct something of to life. In this collective construction lasting value. process, we eventually see remarkable I’m proud of the basic design we have achievements that impress and humble in place for the School. It has certainly me. I have loved helping to draft the changed over the past nine years, based course of the Marriott School. I have loved on new needs that have emerged and old even more the working relationships that standards that have become obsolete. have been such an intimate part of the But today’s blueprint is yielding quality project. Thank you for the help you have results. As a professional business school, given me over the past nine years. Every we feel deeply our obligation to prepare suggestion offered, every interaction with a students for viable careers that will enable student, every guest lecture in a classroom, them to exercise their skills and also every dollar contributed has strengthened provide for their families. Within our what we have been trying to build. Thank undergraduate programs in business you for your willingness to play a part. management and accounting and our five The results of our efforts have worth graduate-degree programs (MAcc, MBA, only if endorsed by the ultimate Master MISM, MOB, and MPA), we seek to provide a solid foundation Planner, our Savior, Jesus Christ. I want you to know of my in general business as well as specialized training that appeals devotion to Him and my conviction that He does approve our to a broad student audience. efforts to “attract and develop men and women of faith, charac- Drawn into the curriculum of each of the undergraduate and ter, and professional ability who will become outstanding man- graduate programs are three primary areas of focus: internation- agers and leaders throughout the world.” I know that as we alism, entrepreneurship, and ethics and values. These emphases earnestly seek His counsel, we will be guided in discharging our distinguish our Marriott School education and prepare students sacred duty in this noble educational effort. in ways that go beyond standard functional training. For exam- ple, our entrepreneur lecture series is one of the most popular With heartfelt gratitude, forums on campus in which to hear from successful, practicing innovators who have been able to give life to their professional dreams. Steve Nadauld’s Spiritual Issues in Management course has become a favorite among students as they seek to blend their career goals with their innate desires to remain spiritually K. Fred Skousen in tune. And what could be more attractive to students prepar- Dean, Marriott School of Management. ing for careers in the global economy than our business-language electives in seven major languages? On May 1, 1998, Dean Skousen assumed his new responsibilities Several other Marriott School ballasts strengthen our educa- as Advancement Vice President for Brigham Young University, tional offerings and boost students’ post-graduate employment succeeding R.J. Snow.

2 exchange MARRIOTT SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT B R I GHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY

GARY BAUGHMAN President and CEO, Fisher-Price

DAVE CHECKETTS President and CEO, Madison Square Garden

BOYD CLARK CEO, The Tom Peters Group

STEVE CLEVELAND Head Basketball Coach, BYU

KENT COLTON Executive VP and CEO, Nat’l. Assoc. of Home Builders

CHARLES COONRADT President and CEO, The Game of Work

ELDER DAVID B. HAIGHT Member of the Quorum of the Twelve

JON HUNTSMAN Chairman and CEO, Huntsman Corporation

ERIC JACKSON Fourth Annual CEO, Great Basin Companies TRUMAN MADSEN Management Conference Professor of Philosophy, BYU LYNN MARTIN Former Secretary, U.S. Successful Leadership in Department of Labor; Advisor to Deloitte & Touche ORGANIZATIONS, COMMUNITIES, CHUCK NIELSEN AND FAMILIES VP, Texas Instruments LYNN SCORESBY Associate Professor of Family Sciences, BYU June 18–20, 1998 LIZ LEMON SWINDLE AND Brigham Young University Campus KENNETH COPE Noted Fine Artist and Musician Provo, Utah PETER VIDMAR Olympic Gold Medalist

TERRY WARNER Professor of Philosophy, BYU

RICHARD WILKINS Professor of Law, BYU To register, call (801) 378-4853. JACK ZENGER Former Chairman, Times Mirror Training Group

HE SEVEN BLUNDERR S7 OF THE MODERN WORLD BY DON ADOLPHSON, NEIL BRADY, ROGER TERRY, AND WARNER WOODWORTH

PHOTOGRAPHY BY JOHN REES

Henry David Thoreau observed that leading to the independence of India. • knowledge without character “there are a thousand hacking at the What is less known is the depth and • commerce without morality branches of evil for every one who is strik- breadth of Gandhi’s philosophy of non- • science without humanity ing at the root.” This statement applies violence. In his later life he developed • worship without sacrifice well to our modern society brought up on a comprehensive economic philosophy • politics without principle the sound bite and addicted to a rapid based on the concept of “trusteeship,” the All of these blunders do violence to pace of life that discourages searching for notion that all things belong to God and the great soul, the “mahatma,” which is root causes of problems. By constantly that man is a trustee, or steward, over a within us because we are children of hacking at branches rather than roots, we portion of God’s resources. This concept God. This article is an experiment in often develop cures that are worse than the is of particular interest to Latter-day identifying the violence, sometimes sub- disease. It is our purpose in this article to Saints because of our own concepts of tly insidious violence done to individuals stimulate and encourage dialogue regard- stewardship and accountability. and societies through the blunders of ing root causes of modern-day problems, Arun Gandhi, grandson of Mohandas, individuals. especially as they affect the managing of had the privilege of living with his grand- It has been 50 years since Mahatma public and private institutions. father during the last years of Mahatma Gandhi’s death. In that time the world Mohandas K. Gandhi, known by the Gandhi’s life. Arun was a young teenager at has changed much. Unfortunately, most title Mahatma, is best known for his the time and had many deep discussions of that change has not moved the world teachings and practice of nonviolence with his grandfather during his stay. In in the direction Gandhi hoped it would. October of 1947, as Arun was about to Consequently, we believe that these seven Don Adolphson is associate director of the return to his parents’ home in South blunders are even more applicable today Marriott School’s Romney Institute of Africa, his grandfather slipped a paper into than they were when Gandhi made his Public Management. Neil Brady is a profes- his hand and said, “Keep this as a talisman. assessment of society. sor in the institute. Roger Terry is the editor What I have written here are the seven The magnitude of these blunders has of exchange. Warner Woodworth is a pro- blunders that human society commits and increased as they have been institutional- fessor of organizational behavior. The [that] cause all the violence.” He urged his ized in governmental or corporate policy authors are currently writing a book about grandson to work to change this. The seven and practice. Indeed, as the modern world the seven blunders. This article is a brief blunders identified by Gandhi were these: has evolved and societal distress has dou- overview of a few ideas they explore more • wealth without work bled and redoubled, Gandhi’s talisman fully in their book. • pleasure without conscience has become more relevant than ever.

5 SPRING 1998 Wealth Without Work Average outstanding consumer debt care, they contribute to human welfare. (which doesn’t count mortgages) at the The United States, however, is often said Gandhi’s first “blunder” originated with end of 1997 was $4,590 for every man, to be a society that pursues pleasure with- the ancient Indian practice of tenant woman, and child in the United States. out conscience—a “vending machine 1farming. The poor were made to toil on Not to worry—if we get too far in debt, society.” We shop till we drop. But eco- the farms while the rich raked in the prof- there is an easy solution. Last year, one in nomic exchanges represent only the “sur- its. Although tenant farming is not a com- every 200 Americans declared bankrupt- face” of society. Shoppers seldom inquire mon practice in our modern economy, it cy. Wealth without work indeed. into the origins of things, into the can nevertheless serve as a metaphor for The solution to this monumental processes by which commodities are pro- all sorts of “acceptable” business practices. “blunder” is many-faceted and must be duced: Who made this and how? Was it For instance, wherever someone owns the applied on an individual-by-individual stolen? Did by-products pollute the envi- time, energy, and labor of another person basis. A fair day’s pay for a fair day’s work ronment? Were the employees welltreat- and profits from that person’s efforts, a suggests not only that people should stop ed? Is it safe to use? And so on. As E. F. form of tenant farming exists. their frivolous credit purchasing, shun Schumacher wrote, “There is no probing In modern capitalism there are count- scams and other ethically marginal activi- into the depths of things, into the natur- less ways individuals seek to obtain wealth ties, and avoid most forms of financial al or social facts that lie behind them. In without work, or, if they do work, it is speculating, but also that profits, the fruit a sense, the market is the institutionaliza- often grossly out of proportion to the of many employees’ work, should be more tion of...nonresponsibility.”1 In other amount of wealth they accumulate. A equally distributed among those who do words, modern markets facilitate the quick look through the classifieds or the the work and not so exclusively in the pursuit of pleasure without conscience Internet yields an almost endless parade hands of those who control the capital. by making buyers and sellers strangers to of get-rich-quick schemes, multilevel There are many changes we should each other. marketing startups, high-return invest- make in our current economic arrange- The most often reprinted article in ment opportunities, mail scams, and other ments, but perhaps the most needed is a the field of business ethics is by Milton “wealth without work” programs. shift toward greater worker ownership of Friedman and is titled “The Social Speculation has also exploded in our businesses. This, more than any other Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its modern economy, to the extent that less change, would put wealth in the hands of Profits,” meaning “business should have than 5 percent of world financial flow the people who work and would restore no other responsibility than to pursue (the money that passes back and forth some semblance of balance to an increas- profit.” From an economic perspective, in financial transactions) has anything to ingly top-heavy economy. conscience has officially disappeared from do with the sorts of goods and services business. So, not only do modern markets that enhance human life. Recognizing Pleasure Without Conscience encourage consumers to pursue their the shift in values that has accompanied 2 pleasure in ignorance of the conditions of this phenomenon, Willis Harman labeled The buffalo hunters of the 19th century its provision, but modern economics the world economy “one vast gambling would often kill buffalo just for the tongue. encourages business to pursue profit to casino.” For the sake of a negligible pleasure, they the exclusion of other responsibilities. The Regardless of the form it takes, the most would destroy an entire animal. One scene picture is complete: neither buyer nor sell- destructive by-product of wealth without in the movie “Dances With Wolves” depicts er is expected to act with responsibility. work, ironically, is its inverse—namely, an entire countryside littered with the Both money and what money can buy are that if someone is obtaining wealth with- corpses of buffalo that were killed for only pursued without conscience. out working, then someone else is work- their tongues and hides. The hunters had But if Gandhi is right, the pursuit ing without acquiring wealth. The widen- pursued pleasure without conscience. of both pleasure and profit must be sub- ing gap between the haves and have-nots For Gandhi, pleasure without con- jected to the discipline of human wis- in modern society is the equivalent of an science frequently meant sexual promis- dom, good judgment, and an apprecia- economic time bomb, because an econo- cuity. But whether the pleasures are sexu- tion for the complex interconnections of my bloated with capital but short on dis- al, gastronomic, tactile, or merely prof- things. In other words, we must acquire posable income can maintain its imme- itable, when they are pursued without dis- ecological wisdom. diate stability only by encouraging con- cipline, without conscience, they are The buffalo hunters of the 19th century sumers to increase their credit purchases. destructive. Pleasure is not evil per se; but pursued pleasure foolishly and brought an This, of course, is a short-term fix with pleasure sought casually or thoughtlessly end to both the buffalo and themselves. To ominous long-term consequences. can threaten human happiness. avoid a similar fate, we must be “wise as With real wages in decline, our “have it These days, the pursuit and use of serpents yet harmless as doves.” We must all” society is actually increasing its con- money serves as the arena for much see through the distractions of pleasure sumer spending—by purchasing more thoughtless pleasure-seeking. Of course, and materialism and seek to achieve a life and more goods and services on credit. if our buying and selling are done with of responsibility and conscience.

6 exchange Knowledge Without Character A business operating on virtuous intent mental), discrimination against minori- would focus on putting a product of value ties, sexual harassment of women, mass Gandhi was once asked to send a message into the marketplace, telling the product’s downsizing of the workforce, and other of hope and encouragement to the early story as well as the vision behind it, and blatantly immoral activities may not be leaders of the civil rights movement in the producing it in a way that does no harm the basic problem of commerce. United States. His response was brief: “My to either the employees who create it or A deeper, more subtle reality is that 3life is my message.” the world in which we live. The talents business executives view their work not as This story gets quickly to the heart of needed to do this successfully involve moral or even immoral, but as amoral. knowledge and character. Gandhi is one both character and knowledge. Adhering to the rhetoric of economists of the best-known figures of the 20th about an “invisible hand” that mysteri- century, yet he never held title or office, Commerce Without Morality ously controls the flow of decisions and nor is he known for any traditional events in the marketplace, today’s CEOs achievement in the sciences or the arts. He To the casual observer of today’s business depersonalize their own responsibility for was trained as a lawyer and had a good 4press, the headlines verify Gandhi’s apho- what commerce does. Thus we hear, analytic mind, but was not noted for the rism that “commerce without morality” “Competition makes us lie to customers”; power of his logic alone. Gandhi is remem- is not merely a catchy phrase, but a dan- “Too strict EPA regulations force firms bered because his knowledge was embod- gerous phenomenon, because it reflects to dump pollutants after dark”; “Foreign ied in his character, and his message was the ethical drought pervasive in econom- corporations push us toward offshore a natural extension of who he was. ic matters. The titles of recent cover sto- manufacturing”; and so on. The power and life in his message is ries in pro-management media illustrate Yet in the midst of such rationaliza- due to his loyalty to his vision, to his will- the point. tion, one can also see the shining exam- ingness to be a passive victim of brutal • Business Week: “CEO Disease,” “The ples of executives and their companies violence, and to his willingness to fast on Banker’s Trust Tapes,”“Let the Good that truly integrate commerce and moral- several occasions, even unto death if nec- Times Roll—and a Few More Heads,” ity: Ben and Jerry’s commitment to social essary, in order to bring a halt to violence “Executive Pay: It’s Out of Control,” responsibility; the UK’s Body Shop, Ltd., in the land. “Ripoff!” with its emphasis on family care and eco- Modern leaders of business and indus- • The Wall Street Journal: “How to Get logical values; Semco of Brazil that truly try have much to learn from Gandhi’s Ahead as a Middle Manager by Being empowers its workers; the Grameen Bank example. Our society, including business Ruthless,” “Ranks of Unemployed of Bangladesh that has lifted millions of education, theory, and practice, is focused Couples Multiply,” “Their Careers: poor peasants out of destitute poverty; on empirical, rational, logical quantitative Count on Nothing and Work Like a Tom’s of Maine, where the CEO has fused information. The dominant paradigm of Demon.” his Harvard Divinity School training Western culture in the late 20th century is • Newsweek: “The Hit Men,” “Thanks. with effective business practices to fully that the world is a wholly knowable sys- You’re Fired.” serve the interests of capital and the tem, governed by a finite set of laws that • Fortune: “The Toughest Boss in needs of community. man can grasp and rationally direct for America,”“Is This Layoff Necessary?” One may doubt that Gandhi would his own benefit. Much has been accom- “The Trust Gap,” “How Layoffs Pay,” ever seek an MBA degree or become a plished with this paradigm, but much is “The Toughest Babe in Business.” venture capitalist, but he just might be also missed when we limit ourselves to • U.S. News & World Report: “Ampu- quite pleased with those managers who this type of knowledge. tating Assets.” design ennobling mission statements for Vaclav Havel, first president of a free While capitalism has always had a rep- their companies and then practice the Czechoslovakia, believes that Communism utation for corruption, abusing people, craft of business with personal and orga- was the perverse extreme of this world squandering resources, and subverting nizational integrity. view. He believes that the end of Commu- the public interest, its central role in con- nism signals the end of the modern era temporary society is larger than ever Science Without Humanity dominated by dependence on technology before. Indeed, as a number of social and a narrow rationality. Havel declares observers have noted, business is now Americans are generally accustomed to that we need something different, some- the religion of America—more powerful thinking that technological development thing larger that will radically alter man’s than ever before, more deified, and wor- is always good. In fact, our attitude toward attitude. shiped by its adherents who, according technological progress is quasi-religious. Two words that describe this larger to USA Today, are “devoted to the cause5We have great faith that technology can view are virtuous intent. This means a of making money.” solve society’s escalating problems, even purpose that is clear, that is beyond nar- Yet, the rising number of unethical the ones it creates; and we hope for a high- row self-interest, and that drives the management practices, corporate viola- tech utopia where we will enjoy a life of strategic decisions of an organization. tions of law (criminal, civil, and environ- leisure while machines do all our work.

7 SPRING 1998 Gandhi, however, was less sanguine. He and a half days creating the beautiful Modern society’s rampant consumer used to talk disparagingly of a system world in which we live and only a half day religion, however, is one that requires little so perfect that no one would need to be creating us. Therefore, a life lived close to sacrifice. If you can’t pay off your debts, good. He saw how machinery put people God might be a life close to nature— you can just declare bankruptcy, which is out of work and made work less mean- “close” at least in the sense of understand- exactly what one in every 200 American ingful for the rest. Instead of mass pro- ing and valuing the natural world to did in 1996. Increasingly, it seems, we want duction, Gandhi believed in “production which God himself gave great attention. to have it all, and have it for free. for the masses.” What he feared was not Such a life is deliberate, not impulsive; On a more panoramic scale, however, technology per se, but the forms and uses steady, not volatile; gentle, not power- many thoughtful writers are beginning to of technology that were incompatible hungry; inquisitive, not proud. recognize the religious nature of people’s with humane living; he feared science As American life tends to get faster, big- attitudes toward free-market doctrines. without humanity. ger, and more threatening, Gandhi would For example, Greider closes his monumen- Examples of the inhumane use of tech- have us slow down, think small, and pur- tal work on the global economy by noting nology abound in the 20th century. War, of sue peace. He would have us live a humane that many intelligent people have come to course, is the best example. Just two atom life. He would have us be less distracted worship market principles like a spiritual bombs killed thousands of people in from experiences essential for fullness of code that will resolve all of the larger Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Hitler’s scientists life. Perhaps science and technology can moral and social questions. He argues that acted with great technological efficiency help us do that, but only if we begin with the marketplace offers such an enthralling in experimenting on and killing millions a pretty good idea of what a humane life religion that people defer to it, rather than of persons. About the same time, the really is. taking personal responsibility for their American government experimented on lives and the future. Many today believe hundreds of African-American men at the Worship Without Sacrifice market principles will solve all of society’s Tuskegee Institute in Alabama to test the woes. All they have to do is behave in a self- effect of different medications on syphilis. LDS Church founder and prophet Joseph interested way, and the god of the invisible Many were given placebos and were never6Smith once declared that “a religion that hand will automatically create the best of given the medication, even after it had does not require the sacrifice of all things all worlds for everyone involved. If only been available for years. Nuclear testing in never has power sufficient to produce the life were so simplistic. Nevada and in the South Pacific endan- faith necessary unto life and salvation; for, In contrast to these economic pseudore- gered the lives of people in both locations. from the first existence of man, the faith ligions, faith in a living and loving God The technological approach to farming necessary unto the enjoyment of life and requires sacrifice and effort from us to in America has decimated rural popula- salvation never could be obtained without work out our own salvation, both tempo- tions and destroyed and degraded the the sacrifice of all earthly things.” 2 rally and spiritually. Free markets and topsoil of millions of acres. Many such Joseph’s observation about the impor- consumerism can help to improve the lot examples illustrate the inhumane use of tance of sacrifice rang true with Gandhi, of mankind, but only if they are treated scientific knowledge. but is not generally recognized in the as tools and methods to be used with dis- The problem is not technology, but world today. In an increasingly secular cipline rather than objects of unre- the undisciplined use of technology. Like world, men and women tend to put their strained worship. Third-World farmers who naively spray trust in the arm of flesh rather than in DDT on their fields thinking “the more the God and only worship those deities that Politics Without Principle better,” our love affair with technology in do not require a sacrifice in return. the 20th century has been reckless, undis- Perhaps the most powerful example of As we write, the firestorms of political ciplined. Like many an adolescent, we want this is modern society’s devotion to the conflict are raging out of control in the piano to play itself without our taking gospel of consumerism. Washington, D.C. “Lack of Moral Charac- the time to master keyboard technique. William Greider goes to great lengths7ter” scream the headlines as President Like playing the piano, most practices in his book One World, Ready or Not to Clinton’s critics hold hearings about his worthy of human attention require some show that the global economy is produc- alleged adulterous relationships with var- form of discipline, some personal skill. ing more goods and services than con- ious women, from a 21-year-old White And things worth doing well probably sumers can afford to purchase. Supply is House intern to a childhood Arkansas take time. New technology may enhance far outstripping demand in most indus- girlfriend. Charges and countercharges, one’s skills (as recording technologies tries; but in America, at least, this has conflicts of interest, violations of cam- have enhanced rehearsal skills) or it may proved an ineffective deterrent to con- paign donation rules against Republicans threaten discipline (does television make sumers who, with religious fervor, spend and Democrats alike—all are fodder for for better parenting?); seldom is techno- as if there is no tomorrow. Savings rates today’s political environment. logical development irrelevant. are at an all-time low, while consumer Unfortunately, the contemporary moral According to scripture, God spent five credit has reached stratospheric levels. climate is not much different than the past.

8 exchange By the time Ronald Reagan completed his Conclusion: Rights Without If we seek wealth without work, we first four years in the White House, more Responsibility generally end up abusing others, infring- than a hundred members of his staff had ing upon their freedoms and using them been jailed, indicted, or immobilized Some years after receiving this list of as “human resources” for our own ends. because of unethical or illegal actions, seven blunders as a talisman from his If we seek pleasure without conscience, making the Clinton era appear squeaky- grandfather, Arun Gandhi added an we become self-centered and fail to see clean, until recently. eighth: rights without responsibility. As we how our actions affect our fellow citizens. We believe that Gandhi’s concern about considered this principle, we felt that it If we gain knowledge without developing “politics without principle” is a searing call was not so much a separate “blunder” as good character, we inevitably apply that to repentance for today’s political lead- knowledge with greed or dishonesty ers, because he recognized that those or malice or indifference. If we prac- who seek political power too often tice commerce without morality, we engage in unethical and unprincipled assume that “if it is not illegal, it is actions precisely because they assume right.” If we apply science without Lord Acton was wrong, that power will humanity, we admit that technology not corrupt them. The same may be is our god and that “if it is possible, said of Joseph Smith’s clear warnings we should do it,” even if “it” involves about power and its abuse in Doctrine cloning human beings or ravaging & Covenants 121:34–45, where he the environment. If we worship with- warns about leaders who are called but out sacrifice, we find ourselves pos- not chosen because their hearts are so sessing a shallow, ineffectual religion set on such things as wealth, fame, that alienates us from our neighbors. pride, ambition, and the desire to exer- Finally, if we practice politics without cise control over others. principle, our governments, at every These were the concerns of level, become corrupt and our citi- Gandhi. He attributed his deeply reli- zens cynical. gious Hindu beliefs, coupled with We believe that Gandhi’s message his intense study of Christ and was not merely one of diagnosis and Christianity, to his life as a committed criticism. Indeed, each of Gandhi’s social and political activist. He was the blunders can be transformed into a first major world leader to base his positive statement that serves as an politics on the lives and teachings of antidote against the societal poisons “avatars” (prophets) of more than one afflicting the modern world. religion. And what were the sources of Consider how different it would be Gandhi’s political principles? The to live in a world where the following Bible’s “Sermon on the Mount” and wonders (rather than blunders) were the Bhagavadgita of Hinduism. the rule and not the exception: Perhaps Gandhi’s greatest contribution an umbrella concept that encompasses • wealth with work was his ability to fuse his spiritual beliefs the original seven. Each of Gandhi’s • pleasure with conscience with the practice of politics. Reflecting “without” statements begins with what • knowledge with character back on his struggles in South Africa and many people would consider a human • commerce with morality later in India, he exclaimed, “Although to right: wealth, pleasure, knowledge, com- • science with humanity all appearances my mission is political, . . . merce, science, worship, and politics. • worship with sacrifice its roots are spiritual. It is commonly Each statement then concludes with the • politics with principle known . . . that I claim that at least my responsibility attached to that particular politics are not divorced from morality, right: work, conscience, character, moral- 3 from spirituality, from religion.” ity, humanity, sacrifice, and principle. Notes Today’s troubled societies do not need If we separate the right from the more legislation or new political parties. responsibility, which is exactly what 1. E. F. Schumacher, Small Is Beautiful: What is needed by contemporary leaders Gandhi accused modern society of Economics as if People Mattered (New York: around the world is to heed the great doing, we find ourselves losing liberty. Harper & Row, 1975), 44. Mahatma Gandhi’s objective to “spiritu- Any right claimed by humankind assures 2. Joseph Smith, Lectures on Faith (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft), 6:7. alize the political” and build a new cul- us of a specific manifestation of free- 3. Raghaven Iyer (ed.), The Essential ture of politics based on life-giving dom. If we do not use that freedom Writings of Gandhi (Oxford: Oxford University moral principles. responsibly, we lose it. Press, 1993), 115.

9 SPRING 1998 BY KIMBALL FISHER • PHOTOS BY LOIS RITCHIE I am honored to be the first recipient of the William G. Dyer from the desert floor—was the development of an institution Distinguished Alumni Award. There is no higher compliment of higher learning called the Brigham Young Academy. After a than to receive recognition from your peers. great deal of sacrifice and perseverance, the academy was estab- I have been asked to talk with you today about my career. In lished here in Provo in 1875. order to do this I would like to spend some time discussing three William G. Dyer, the sponsor of this award, like Brigham themes: legacy, teams, and leadership. Legacy, because I would Young, was also a pioneer. Along with people like Ed Schein, like to acknowledge some of the pioneers who have influenced Dick Beckhard, Warren Bennis, and a handful of others, he was me. It is, I believe, a useful practice to remember the people on one of the forefathers of a new field of study that merged the whose shoulders we stand in order to extend our reach. Teams disciplines of psychology, sociology, and business administra- and leadership, because this has been the focus of my work for tion into something they named organization development: a the last 17 years, and I would new social science designed to like to share some things I’ve help organizations become learned with you. more effective. With the assis- Unfortunately this situation tance of Stephen Covey and reminds me of a story a senior John Covey, he established a executive recently told me. new graduate program at BYU Apparently, a terrorist had kid- in 1970 and served as the first napped a union official, a con- department chair. sultant, and an executive from a The program was almost large company in an attempt to immediately regarded as one extort a ransom. Since the com- of the foremost developers of pany had a policy of not nego- practitioners and teachers of tiating with terrorists, however, organizational behavior. The the terrorists decided to exe- first graduating class complet- cute the hostages after granting ed its studies in 1973, and since them a final request. The union then the program has under- official requested and obtained gone several transformations, a final telephone call to her making and remaking itself family. The consultant had in much the same way as the recently been reading articles businesses it studied and and wanted to deliver a 45- improved. There were shifts in minute lecture on a trendy emphasis and curriculum, evo- management fad. The execu- lutions of the faculty and the tive’s final request was to be organizational structure, and executed before the consultant mergers with other depart- started to speak. I hope not to ments, but through it all the evoke a similar desire among legacy continued. the audience today. My own brush with the legacy of the organizational Legacy behavior program occurred after I graduated in 1978 with his is a good year to remember our legacy. One a bachelor’s degree in humanities and minors in Japanese and hundred and fifty years ago this summer, the pio- Asian studies. I had planned on becoming an attorney through- neers who settled the Salt Lake Valley arrived out my undergraduate education, taking the necessary prereq- under the leadership of the namesake of this uni- uisite courses and tests. But after I had actually been accepted versity. Brigham Young, the second president of to law school, I discovered that it wasn’t what I wanted. I The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, declined the acceptance and briefly considered a few other ledT the band of pioneers fleeing religious persecution to a place graduate school alternatives in the East. But soon a friend so desolate that he felt certain it would be wanted by no one introduced me to this respected master’s program, and I felt an else. One of the early efforts considered essential by these pio- immediate attraction to a field that focused on understanding neers—who struggled to merely scratch a simple subsistence human motivation, developing leaders, and facilitating signifi- cant organization change. I must confess, however, that I also Kimball Fisher was honored as first recipient of the Marriott felt strongly motivated to stay in Provo to find a wife. One by School’s William G. Dyer Distinguished Alumni Award on April 11, one, many of my friends had found their mates and started 1997. This is an edited version of his acceptance address. their families. I envied their happiness.

11 SPRING 1998 In spite of my less than pure motivation, I was soon intellec- to 50 percent better, by virtually every business indicator, than its tually captured by this gifted faculty. Although I didn’t have the next closest internal competitors.1 These results are not unusual opportunity to take courses from everyone, I learned the field for organizations such as Lima. One recent study conducted by fundamentals, including team-building processes, from Bill Dyer the Department of Labor confirms that these types of operations himself and had the coveted opportunity to serve as his teaching outproduce comparable ones, generating, for example, twice the assistant. Bill and the other professors became more than men- return on capital as traditional organizations.2 Another study, tors, they were friends. from Rutgers University, shows an average improvement in prof- The program also changed my life in a still more fundamental it of more than $3,800 per employee one year after successful way. A distractingly attractive classmate became first my study implementation.3 While many management interventions have partner and then my best friend. We attended almost every class promised fire but delivered only smoke, these unique organiza- together and frequently collaborated on assignments, discussed tions have a remarkable track record sustained over long periods readings, critiqued each other’s papers, debated theory, prepared of time. for oral exams, and shared jokes to relieve the tension. Although What was Lima’s secret? Teams of employees managed the we never really dated in the traditional sense, we were falling in day-to-day work of the operation with only minimal supervi- love. Our attempts to find internships in the same city failed, and sion. This departure from normal factory practice, along with I went to IBM in New York, while she went to Fireman’s Fund important job design characteristics such as multiskilling and Insurance in San Francisco. Her mind apparently clouded by an unusually high levels of training and information sharing, cre- intense year of graduate study, my friend Mo Duncan agreed to ated extraordinary commitment from team members, leading marry me at the end of our internship separation. to significantly improved results. These team members had a In 1979, we created a little legacy ourselves—we became the purpose, not a job; they had a mission, not simply a series of program’s first matrimonial union. This has been the single tasks to perform. Called “the concept” or “the technician sys- greatest gift of my life. When I spoke to Bill Dyer on the phone tem” by P&G insiders, this radical approach to management about a month ago, he told me that part of the advisory board’s soon became so successful that it was actually declared a trade decision was based on the fact that my mate selection demon- secret by Procter & Gamble. strated a high degree of intellectual acuity, one of the character- My personal introduction to the plant was very interesting. I istics they were looking for. remember meeting the general manager and being informed that Mareen has been my partner in every way. Together we have my first interview would be with the people who would report to worked on community projects and Church leadership councils. me if I got the job. I don’t remember anything he said after that. She has been my partner in business and is one of the finest exec- I thought it was unusual that “subordinates” would select “supe- utive managers I have ever seen. She is my life love, my Helen of riors.” But I soon received the most grueling and effective inter- Troy, my Juliet, and my Beatrice. Had I the skills of the classic view of my life when I sat across the table from the 14 remark- poets, her name would be legendary. able people who would later become my team. Their questions were probing and specific. One team member Teams mentioned that they had the best safety record in the company, were 30 percent less expensive on cost per case—the primary hen we graduated in 1980, Mareen and financial measurement of soap plants—and were, on average, I agreed to take the best job offered to either 99.9 percent within limits in their quality measures. He then one of us. We made a fortunate choice. I was asked what I would do to help them to improve. Good question. given the opportunity to work with Procter & They were clearly more committed to business results than ease Gamble in their unique plant in Lima, Ohio. of work life, as I had erroneously assumed as I walked down the As a sort of experiment, the plant decided to hall into the interview. I rapidly began to wonder how I could departW from the normal tradition of recruiting chemical engi- possibly hope to lead people of this caliber. Miraculously, they neers for operations management and consider someone with a gave me the opportunity to try. social sciences background for a department manager position. There was something about this operation that had sort of an The Lima plant had been started in the mid-1960s as one of intuitive logic to it. It reminded me of the inspired legacy of the the first and most successful plants in the U.S. to use the self- Founding Fathers of the United States and their radical experi- directed work-team concept. This remarkable, but common- ment in establishing a democratic republic. Although it has sense idea came from the work of socio-technical-system (STS) become popular to condemn the Founding Fathers for what crit- pioneers Eric Trist, Fred Emery, and others who were part of the ics call the hypocrisy of not extending the same concepts into Tavistock Institute operating in the United Kingdom after the their commercial endeavors, I prefer to think of industrial Second World War. External consultant Lou Davis and internal democracy as an idea whose time had not yet come. consultant Charlie Krone applied a modified form of the STS The aristocratic model, shunned for its use as a vehicle for approach to help P&G leaders create a workplace that was more government, was still well-entrenched for the businesses of the humane and performed better than traditional operations. day because it fit the demands, educational and informational After an initial struggle at start-up, the plant soon became 30 constraints, and unique characteristics first of an agricultural

12 exchange and then later of an industrial economy. It would reach its nat- In 1982, we received promotional opportunities in Chicago. I ural limits, however, at the beginning of the information age. would be working in the P&G soap and food plant, and Mareen I was personally convinced that to provide clarity, focus, and would be working in a top-secret facility, test-marketing a pro- organization, the best organizational governance is, first, an prietary soft-centered cookie for P&G. Mareen would learn intelligent and, second, a benevolent hierarchy. I was nevertheless much about leadership and coaching from an extraordinary starting to understand that even benevolent, well-intended lead- team leader. ers were simply not always able to stay on top of everything as the Although I would also meet great role models, I would further business world was rapidly increasing in complexity. my learnings about leadership in a more hostile environment than Lima. The Chicago facility was very much the opposite of the Leadership plant I had left. Although it was similar in technologies and prod- ucts, the traditional leadership and job practices exercised over began to believe that as the information age dawned, the the decades of its existence had eroded the trust between union autocratic hierarchy that had often been quite effective and management. Good people on both sides became prisoners during the industrial of past practices compelled age was losing its inextricably toward eventual utility. A new leader- plant failure despite valiant ship was required, efforts to resuscitate the Inot for any particular philo- facility. I watched as the food sophical or moral reasons as plant was shut down and much as for the fact that the people’s livelihoods were traditional hierarchy wasn’t destroyed. The juxtaposition working as well. Many peo- of these career experiences ple, even a few with aston- was a dramatic and painful ishing intellect, were having contrast. difficulty collecting and In 1984, another oppor- processing the intelligence tunity arose. Mareen and required to run a large mod- I received dual offers from ern organization by them- a high-tech company called selves. There was too much Tektronix to join a blue- information to be processed ribbon human resource and too little time to respond and organization develop- to market shifts. The hierar- ment team as internal con- chy was becoming a bottle- sultants. Mareen worked in neck to innovation and responsiveness. the customer service division, and I worked in the instruments Organizations with the ability to capture and coordinate the division. At Tek, we would both have the opportunity to support collective intelligence of the workforce are better suited to today’s efforts to create Lima-like operations in existing organizations. business world that is characterized by evolving technologies, These transformational activities, called “brownfields” to dis- frequent customer changes, and vacillating regulations. Thus, it tinguish them from the new plant start-up approaches called became extremely difficult to have the first condition of effective “greenfields,” were very rare at the time. With the exception of a hierarchy I mentioned earlier: intelligence. few examples, virtually no one had successful experiences retro- Even more problematic, of course, is when there is a departure fitting existing organizations with what we began calling high- from the second condition of effective hierarchy: benevolence. performance work systems. However, Some of the brownfield The situation where a hierarchy—even an intelligent hierarchy— work at Tek became very successful, and we learned a methodol- loses benevolence was well known to the legacy builders of both ogy for creating self-directed work teams from established oper- this country and this institution. This kind of hierarchy can creep ations. As people heard about our work, we began to accept invi- into all walks of life. tations to speak at conferences, universities, and companies While I was learning from the postgraduate school of P&G, about what we were learning. Mareen was on a similar journey of discovery. Accepting a posi- At this time the role of team leader became increasingly clear tion as training coordinator for the volunteer arm of the Lima to me. After seeing so many team leaders in action (coupled with Arts Council, she soon became painfully aware of the importance my own experience), I saw that successful leaders seemed to have of effective leadership and empowerment for people who work a few characteristics in common, and those didn’t include losing only if they want to work. Suddenly we were both very interested their jobs. The end of industrial democracy is no more the elimi- in the motivation of discretionary effort—for me to understand nation of management than the purpose of national democracy the competitive leverage of the amazing workforce I had fallen would be the elimination of effective statesmanship. The objective into, and for her to create a viable community of volunteers. is to transform management, not to eliminate nor to abdicate it.

13 SPRING 1998 Many attempts to institute high-performance work teams consulting services for high-performance work systems, and have failed. We estimate the failure rate at 50 percent, with the we have kept very busy. largest portion of these failures due to an inability of leaders to Together, we have had the opportunity to support and learn shift to the new role. The best leaders are able to shift their per- from hundreds of transformation and training efforts across North sonal focus from controlling people to helping people control America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. We have worked with about one- their own processes. They shift from a use of externally imposed third of the Fortune 100 companies and several smaller operations control mechanisms—like an overreliance on policies—to creat- as well, helping a variety of organizational leaders create workplaces ing an environment where people develop internal control—self of dignity, meaning, and extraordinary commitment. control—another way to say commitment. Looking back, it is now clear that our life path was not always We often speak to our clients about the difference between one of our own choosing. Although in retrospect our careers sheep herding and shepherding as we try to explain what we appear to have progressed according to some master plan, many have learned about leading these self-directed work teams. Let of the opportunities we have had seemed more due to luck and me explain this with a story. While I was in high school, my blessing than skill or planning. We have often been in the right parents bought a historic old farmhouse in Draper, Utah, and place at the right time, and for this we are grateful. we moved from the Salt Lake suburbs out to what qualified then as “the country.” Conclusion The builder of the home had been famous for his award-win- ning sheep at the turn of the century. His son, who sold the home veryone can improve the situation for those who to my parents, had large pictures of the sheep throughout the follow. That is what makes us distinctive as human house—some of which my parents kept. In talking to people, I beings—the ability to amass cumulative knowledge found out that sheep dogs had been important for managing and resources so that our successors (whether they these lambs—especially on their periodic grazing drives into the are family members, business associates, or stu- nearby hills. These dogs would herd the sheep by barking at them dents) may accomplish more than we did. and nipping at their heels, driving stragglers back into the safety EI ask you to consider a question we frequently ask of senior of the flock. They would scare off coyotes and keep the flock executives: What will your legacy be? Will you be known as cost moving toward the intended destination. cutters or as those who showed by example that sacrifice is some- The summer of my senior year, I spent six weeks in Israel. I times necessary to accomplish a greater good? Will others remember riding in a rickety old bus on the dusty roads outside remember you as the leaders who amassed large personal for- Jerusalem when I noticed a shepherd in the distance with his tunes or as those who created wealth-generating enterprises? small flock of lambs. The shepherd had no dogs to drive the In the future stories told by your organizations, will you be the sheep, and I was surprised when I saw the shepherd turn his ones who did whatever you needed to advance your own careers back on his flock and begin walking down the road. Based on or will you be the ones who are known, like N. Eldon Tanner, the paradigm I had developed about sheep moving, I felt cer- the legacy builder after whom this building is named, as “Mr. tain that the sheep would scatter without the benefit of sheep- (or Ms.) Integrity”? herding dogs. Instead, the sheep, who like those of ancient I have learned over and over again that people from all walks of times knew the voice of their shepherd, followed him down the life are smart and good. I have seen what they can accomplish road without what I had assumed was the necessary encourage- together when the artificial constraints of hierarchy and bureau- ment and protection of the dogs. cracy are replaced by training and opportunity. I have also learned The best leaders we have seen are more like the shepherd how leaders can unlock others’ potential by demonstrating cer- than the sheep-herding dogs. They don’t bite or heel-nip, even tain competencies. And I have learned how shepherds can accom- if those acts spring from a genuine intention for the welfare of plish so much more than sheep herders. I have learned, too, about others. Instead, like the shepherd, they train and teach their both the blessing of building on the legacy of others and the charges, developing in them the skills to lead themselves. The importance—the necessity—of leaving a legacy for others. shepherd leader sets an example, is directed by a greater pur- pose, and strikes out in a direction—assuming that others will follow without compulsion if the direction will take them to a better place. Notes Several years ago I started a consulting firm with Tek col- leagues Bill Belgard and Steve Rayner. The BFR practice was 1. Procter & Gamble study mentioned in Kimball Fisher, Leading Self- very successful, and after a couple of years we were able to coax Directed Work Teams: A Guide to Developing New Team Leadership Skills Mareen into the firm. After a few more years we redesigned (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993). BFR into an alliance of several companies, and Mareen and 2. “High-Performance Work Practices and Firm Performance,” Department of Labor Study, 1993. I founded our own alliance firm called—not too originally— 3. Mark Huselid, “The Impact of Human Resource Management The Fisher Group. The Fisher Group hit the market window Practices on Turnover, Productivity, and Corporate Financial just right. People were very interested in our training and Performance,” Academy of Management Journal, July 1995.

14 exchange We’re delighted to have you speak at BYU so that our stu- Walking along [one day], I met a woman in a village. She dents can learn of your visionary work. Could you first tell us was an extremely poor person living in a shack. She was how you began the microcredit movement? making bamboo stools, and I sat down and tried to understand I come from Bangladesh, a tiny piece of land where 125 mil- how she made a living and how much she earned. She told me lion people live. I went back to Bangladesh right after it she earned only two pennies a day. I couldn’t believe that any- became an independent country from Pakistan, after years of body should make such a beautiful stool for only two pennies a civil conflict, to join in rebuilding the new nation. After earning day. She explained to me that she didn’t have the money to buy a PhD in economics in the U.S., I became a teacher at Chittagong the bamboo that goes into the stool. She had to borrow from a University in Bangladesh. I had all the arrogance of a new PhD— trader, and the trader required that she sell the product to him at you think you know everything. You have solutions for all the the price he decided. He offered so low a price that it barely cov- problems, and you can set the whole world right. Bangladesh was ered the cost of raw materials. Her labor was almost free. She a tiny place that you might be able to set right quickly. But reali- didn’t realize it, but she was, in effect, a bonded laborer to him. I ty humbles you. Things were not getting better in Bangladesh asked her how much bamboo cost. It was about 25 cents. It after independence; they were getting worse every day. shocked me to realize that she did not even have the 25 cents. It became a nightmarish situation when we were hit by famine. I began wondering what I could do in this situation. I was very People were dying just because they didn’t have enough to eat. tempted to lend her money, but I did not. I wanted to better There are many ways people can die, but dying of hunger is some- understand the situation. So I walked around the village for the thing absolutely merciless. You don’t die instantaneously; you die next few days to see if there were other people like this woman, in very slow motion. You can’t distinguish the living person from and I came up with a list of 42 people. The total amount they the dead person because they look just about the same. In a situ- needed was about $27. I could hardly believe it, because we dis- ation like that, teaching the elegant theories of economics in the cussed in our economics classes the size of the national economy classroom made me wonder about their meaning. Over time I and all the multibillion-dollar investment programs that were couldn’t take it anymore. I thought that economics was just make- made to get the nation out of poverty. But nobody pays any believe stories that had no relevance to the people around me. attention to the $27 needed by 42 people.

So your U.S. training wasn’t applicable in the Third World? The picture you paint is one of destitute poverty. People That’s right. I was teaching in a university surrounded by around the globe who live like this woman are what the villages. In fact, when you walk out from the university cam- World Bank refers to as the “hyperpoor”—those who barely sub- pus, you are in the villages—thousand-year-old villages—the sist on less than a dollar a day. So what did you do? real Bangladesh with all the misery and poverty. I thought, in a I took $27 out of my pocket as loans to these people. And the situation like that, I must do something, find somewhere to make excitement and happiness that it brought to them made me myself useful. wonder, “If you can bring so much happiness, so much excitement to so many people with such a tiny amount of money, how can you How did microlending begin as a tool for international walk away from it? Why don’t you do more of it?” With that development? thought, I went to the bank located on the campus to talk to the

Muhammad Yunus is founder of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, a poor-people’s financial institution dedicated to lifting rural villagers, mostly women, and their families out of poverty. On November 12–14, 1997, he visited Utah, spoke at BYU and in Salt Lake City, and met with the First Presidency of the Church. This interview was conducted by Professor Warner Woodworth of BYU’s Department of Organizational Leadership and Strategy, November 13.

15 SPRING 1998 manager and try to arrange more loans for the villagers. The bank One professor in one village can do all kinds of miracles, but it manager gave me the biggest lesson in banking. He said, “Banks won’t go beyond the borders of the village. If you do it in two vil- cannot lend money to poor people because they are not creditwor- lages, it certainly will not work.” So I did it in two villages. It thy.” I asked him how he knew that they were not creditworthy. He worked. Then he said, “Well, one village and two villages are the asked me back, “Everybody knows that they are not creditworthy. same thing, really. Why don’t you do it in five villages? You’ll find Why don’t you?” I said, “I’m sorry. I don’t know anything about it, that it doesn’t work.” I did it in five villages, and it was perfect. but can you explain it to me?” He refused to explain further. It was There was absolutely no problem; everybody paid back their so obvious to him that the poor are not creditworthy. loan. I did it in 10 villages, 20 villages, 50 villages, 100 villages. So I went up the banking hierarchy to see if I could do a bet- Every time it worked. But the banker didn’t change his mind. ter job with them. Everybody told me that the poor are not cred- From what I saw, it appeared that my effort to convince him was itworthy. Eventually, I offered myself as a guarantor, and I bor- a futile exercise. Even if the whole world changed, he wouldn’t. But rowed the money from the bank. I signed all their documents I had learned a very important lesson: the poor are creditworthy. and gave the money to the people in the village. The bank told If the whole world tells me that the poor are not creditworthy, I me repeatedly that I’d never see this money back again. I was sur- will shout: “It’s a lie! It is not true! Poor people are creditworthy!” prised. Every penny came back. When I reported this to the man- The real question to ask is not whether the poor are creditworthy. ager, he remained unperturbed. He said, “They are only fooling The real question is whether the banks are people-worthy. you.” I said, “In what way?” He said, “They want more money. If I thought we should create our own bank, one that would do you loan them more money, then they will stop paying it back.” things differently. I knocked on everybody’s door, and finally, after two years, in 1983, I got permission from the government to This man sounds like U.S. bankers I’ve tried to convince to loan create the Grameen Bank (“Grameen” means village in our lan- money for worker buyouts, co-ops. They are extremely rigid and guage). We continued to expand our operation. Today, we work conservative. So what happened in Bangladesh? in 37,000 villages in Bangladesh. Our I took a chance. I gave them more money. They paid me back numbers keep increasing, and we again. This time, the manager said, have 1,094 branches throughout “But you’re only doing it the country. We have a staff of in one village. more than 12,000 people serv- ing 2.2 million borrowers, 94 percent of whom are women.

That is a tremendous story of success and growth in such a short time. How much has been loaned to the very poor of Bangladesh? In March of 1995 we completed our first billion dollars in cumulative loans. We were all excited. We started out in the 1970s with only $27, and we had come all the way to loaning $1 billion. It was a day for celebration. By June 1997 we completed our second billion dollars. It took us 18 years to loan out the first billion dollars, and it took only two years and several months to loan out the second billion. In 1997 the bank loaned out an average of $40 million a month. It will probably total half a billion dollars in 1997 disbursements alone. When we talk about one or two billion dol- lars, it makes an impression on you, because you have an idea of what a billion dollars is. But

AIMEE ERICKSON in Bangladesh, a billion dollars is much bigger than a billion dollars here in the U.S.

What size is a poor woman’s first loan? At first, the borrower will ask for something like $15 or $20. To her, that is so much money. She will debate mentally whether she should take such a large amount of money. Can she handle it? Her

16 exchange friends will question it, but finally the day will come when she literacy rate among the Grameen children is much higher than receives the first $20 loan. She’ll have a sleepless night. She’s terri- among non-Grameen children. A recent study done on Grameen, bly scared, because that’s a lot of money for her. In the morning, published only a month ago, tells us that infant mortality in her friends will come over and take her along, persuading her to Grameen families has been reduced by 34 percent. We are only go through with it. And when she receives this $20 loan in her a credit program. We are not a family program; we are not a hands, she literally trembles. Tears will roll down her cheeks. She literacy program; we are not a health program. How did we cannot believe that anybody trusts her with such an enormous achieve those results? It’s all because women are in control of the amount of money. She will not let them down. She’s going to situation. They want to make sure life improves not just in one make sure the trust is maintained. And she does exactly that. direction, but in every dimension. Microfinance helps them to overcome the poverty situation they are going through. What about the repayment process? How does it work? Our loans are paid back in weekly installments over one year. It sounds like Grameen’s village banking is a whole new That $20 will be split up into fifty small amounts. Each week paradigm for changing the world. It empowers the rural poor the borrower will pay one-fiftieth of the total amount. When she and propels them toward genuine self-reliance, a core value pays the money for the first installment, it’s the most exciting day in Mormonism. because she cannot believe she has really grown to a new level. It is a new paradigm. We can now see that poverty is not cre- She’ll look around and see that she did it. She’ll hold her head high, ated by the poor people. Poverty is created by the institutions proud that she did it. And the second installment will confirm her we build. Poverty is created by the mindset we have created for new strength. When she finishes paying off the whole loan in one ourselves. One of the things people assume is that the poor will year, with interest, she’ll be a completely different person. She be part of the scene. They will be there anyway. This mindset has undergoes a process of transformation. It’s not just the money that created the existence of poverty. If we somehow change our she paid back. It’s a thing she has discovered within herself: that minds, then maybe there won’t be any poor people in the world. she’s worth something. Once a nobody, today she has become There’s no reason why anybody should suffer from the indignity somebody. Her self-esteem and confidence rise. She looks as if she of being poor. In changing this belief, we’ll be moving toward a can conquer the world. She’ll begin dreaming of having a bigger world that is poverty-free. There is not a single person on this goal so that she can move on further. planet who must struggle in poverty if we change our beliefs. If If you add these stories together, you can assess what the we can believe, if we can imagine, if we can dream about such a Grameen Bank is all about. One billion, two billion dollars, or new world, then we will create it. That is the first step. We cannot forty million dollars in monthly disbursements don’t tell these create something that we cannot imagine. Imagination is the first stories. Each loan is a voyage of self-discovery. People find out step. Once you imagine, once you dream, and once you start who they are. It’s amazing. I repeatedly see this and watch people believing, then the dream comes true. change themselves. All human beings have unlimited potential. They just never have the opportunity to discover who they really Editor’s note: Four BYU students spent the summer of 1997 as are, who they can become. These little loans give people an interns at the Grameen Foundation in Washington, D.C. With opportunity to discover their worth. Professor Woodworth as faculty advisor, the Grameen Support Group was created at BYU last September, the first campus orga- Why does Grameen focus on microcredit to women? In the nization of its kind in the United States. This high-energy group U.S., men traditionally have had greater access to bank loans. of some 60 to 70 members meets weekly in the Kennedy Center Very early we noticed that money loaned to women gave to learn about global poverty and how to use microcredit meth- much more benefit to the family than loans to men did. So ods around the world. Grameen Bank principles, tools, and we decided to give priority to women. We built incentives into materials are being translated at BYU into other languages in our system to give priority to women. Today, 94 percent of loans order to replicate the Bangladesh experience worldwide. Further go to women. They pay a lot more attention to the children. They information about this effort may be obtained by contacting pay attention to the future. And women, by nature, in situations Professor Woodworth (tel. 801-378-6834, fax 801-378-8098) or of extreme poverty, extreme deprivation, become excellent man- the Grameen Support Group at BYU (tel. 801-378-3548). agers of scarce resources. They stretch everything they get as far as it can go. But men don’t bother about those things. Men want New book announcement: Small Really Is Beautiful: Microfi- to enjoy the moment. They don’t care about tomorrow and the nance in the Third World (Ann Arbor, Michigan: Third World day after. So, we thought it would be much better to help the Thinktank, 1997). This volume is a collection written by Warner family through women, and we did that. Woodworth and collaborators on the remarkable success of small, grassroots international economic development efforts Has there been research done on the impact of microcredit for through training, consulting, and accessing credit for the poorest women? If so, what do the data suggest? of the poor around the globe. A unique feature of this book is Study after study tells us the nutrition level of the Grameen that some projects and programs are interpreted through the children is much higher than for non-Grameen children. The lens of Mormonism and its socio-economic principles.

17 SPRING 1998 school news

Institute Changes Reflect New 1. To prepare exceptional students for was followed 11 days later by Career Focus management careers in retail, sales, Recruiting Days. More than 1,000 inter- and services. views for retail positions took place this The Institute of Marketing (formerly the 2. To produce vital marketing research year, resulting in nearly 175 full-time Institute of Retail Management) has that addresses real industry issues. retail management offers and 100 intern- undergone a dramatic overhaul in the past 3. To provide progressive ship offers. year. The name change represents not only student programs that Summer 1997 yielded an altered focus, but effectively embraces a answer the needs of retail, yet another stellar group of whole new category of student—one who sales, and service industries. interns from BYU. Students is majoring in marketing, communica- Directed and supported completed internships with tions, business management, or liberal arts by its National Advisory such companies as Wal- but has never before envisioned retail or Board, the Institute has Mart, Sears, SuperTarget, business-to-business sales as a career long been one of the top Dillard’s, Fred Meyer, JC option. One important result of the recent retail institutes in the Penney, ZCMI, The Gap, changes is the increased pool of applicants nation. The board consists and Mervyn’s California. interviewing for internships and careers. of key executives from These companies provided Not only has the named changed, but such companies as interns with management the Institue staff also has some new faces. Dillard’s, JC Penney, Sears, experience and an intro- Bill Price is the new Institute director, and Fred Meyer, ZCMI, Target duction to retailing in vari- Kim Varkevisser at Fred Meyer Susan Famulary, program coordinator, Stores, and Sam’s Club. ous cities of the central and has been on board for just over a year. During winter semester, the popular western states. Interns reported outstanding Known for years as the Skaggs Executive Lecture Series featured vision experiences. Institute of Retail Management, the leaders from many retail firms. This lec- “This internship has opened countless Institute’s mission was expanded in 1997 ture series acquainted BYU students doors to my future,” said Kim Varkevisser to include not only retail, but also the with the numerous career opportunities of her internship with Fred Meyer. “The dynamic world of sales and services. available in retail. training was excellent, and the managers The Institute’s broader mission is On February 12, the Institute held its and employees in general were so helpful, threefold: third annual Retail Career Fair. The fair they made the internship even better.”

Prestigious Hawes Scholars Named

he Marriott School has announced the first recipients of the presti- the Hawes Scholar award is one of many initiatives made possible by the Tgious Hawes Scholar awards, reserved for the top 3 to 5 percent of generous Hawes Endowment. Originally funded by a $1 million gift from graduating MBA students. Dean K. Fred Skousen recognized seven sec- Mr. and Mrs. Hawes, the endowment is used to facilitate targeted ond-year MBA students as the 1998 Hawes Scholars at a special meeting enhancements to the Marriott School’s nationallyranked MBA Program. held April 10, 1998. Mr. Hawes is a Baker Scholar from the Those honored with the award were Jose Harvard Business School, and by endowing Barreiros, Paula Christiansen, Brett Chugg, the Hawes scholarships, he desires to Josie Dalton Esplin, Robert Peterson, Aaron establish a Marriott School MBA tradition Rasmussen, and Antonio Carlos Urquiza. that recognizes and rewards excellence Each has demonstrated not only academic among students. excellence, but also leadership maturity, inter- Mr. Hawes is chairman of Life Re personal effectiveness, a penchant for service, Corporation, a leading provider of life reinsur- the highest standards of ethical behavior, and ance in the United States. In addition to a deep commitment to the mission of the his widely recognized expertise in financial Marriott School. 1998 Hawes Scholars (l-r) front: Paula Christiansen, matters, Hawes has an established and rec- Named for successful corporate executive Robert Peterson, Josie Dalton Esplin, back: Brett Chugg, ognized reputation for integrity, hard work, Rodney A. Hawes, Jr., and his wife, Beverly, Aaron Rasmussen, Jose Barreiros, Antonio Urquiza and community service.

18 exchange SCHOOL NEWS

Community Service: Theory and Practice Donald L. Staheli Chair Awarded to New Faculty Recruit Eight graduate students took part in Class readings and discussions motivat- Professor Paul Godfrey’s community ed lively conversations on community The newly established Donald L. Staheli service class during fall semester 1997. service as students sought to merge theory Chair of International Management has Professor Godfrey’s goal for the class was and practice. One student, Katherine P. been awarded as a term chair to visiting clear from the start: get students addicted Olson, said, “It was especially unique to faculty member Jeffrey H. Dyer.Dyer to service. For eight students, the addic- realize that the abilities and talents we comes to the Marriott School from tion has begun. were developing in school and through- the Wharton School, University of Two MAcc and six MBA students spent out our careers would also help to prepare Pennsylvania, where he has been the two to three hours per week volunteering us to be responsible and loving citizens in Stanley Goldstein Term Assistant at the Food and Care Coalition in Provo. our communities, companies, neighbor- Professor of Management. He will be a By the end of the semester, the students hoods, and homes. It’s important to be strong addition to the Marriott School’s had compiled a policy and procedures effective businesspeople who contribute Department of Organizational manual for the coalition, which will help to the bottom line of our respective com- Leadership and Strategy, beginning fall standardize some of the common process- panies, but it’s a greater thing to make the of 1998. Dyer earned his PhD in man- es and rules of the establishment. commitment to serve our fellowmen.” agement from UCLA in 1993. The Donald L. Staheli Chair is the result of a generous endowment from Donald L. Staheli, recently retired chair- man and CEO of Continental Grain. Elder Staheli currently serves as a mem- ber of the LDS Church’s Second Quorum of the Seventy. His gift of $1.5 million will be matched by up to $1 million from the Marriott School.

Free Help With Taxes

Once again, BYU accounting students in the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program helped between three and four thousand taxpayers fill out the Paul Godfrey’s class at the Food and Care Coalition, necessary federal tax forms in time for (l-r), front: Heidi Robinson, Katie P. Olson, Sarah Bleeker, Paula Christiansen, the April 15 filing date. back: Eric Couture, Professor Paul Godfrey, Gary Olsen, Jamie Shaw VITA is a federally sponsored program designed to assist taxpayers with the often confusing schedules and forms required by New Kemper Scholar Named his time with students at the Juvenile the federal tax system. BYU’s accounting Detention Center, is a member of ACE service fraternity, Beta Alpha Psi, sponsors The Marriott School’s new Kemper (Allied Collegiate Entrepreneurs), and is a VITA site on BYU campus each year. It Scholar for 1998 is Jeffrey Loel Corbett, active in his student ward. has quickly grown to be the largest college son of Loel and Robyn Corbett of Fallon, BYU is privileged to have six Kemper VITA site in the United States. Nevada. He is a sophomore majoring in Scholars: Sarah White (on leave while The program gives volunteers a management with an emphasis in entre- serving a mission in Thailand), Brock chance to improve their tax skills along preneurship and has a 3.95 GPA. Prior Griffiths, Tony Christensen, Matt Hanks, with giving valuable service to the BYU to becoming a Kemper Scholar, Jeff Brian Collinwood, and Jeffrey Corbett. community. Anyone who needs help can served an LDS mission in Ecuador and The Kemper Scholars grant program visit the VITA office and sit down with a then worked for Kennametal, Inc., where seeks to link summer business experience volunteer one-on-one to go over the tax he impressed his supervisors with his with undergraduate academic programs forms. In some cases, the volunteer will personal initiative, high output, and in business. Generous scholarship support help the taxpayer fill out the forms line quality work. makes the equation possible. There are 60 by line. If nothing else, the volunteers A year ago Jeff spent six months in to 70 Kemper Scholars nationwide who give peace of mind to those intimidated China as a volunteer English teacher at are selected on the basis of their commit- or confused by the federal and state an elementary school. He now volunteers ment to prepare for careers in business. tax systems.

19 SPRING 1998 SCHOOL NEWS

Accounting Programs Ranked MBA Program Ranks in Top 50 Management Society Campus Third—Again! Chapter Brings Christmas to U.S. News & World Report has released its Needy Kids For the third consecutive year, the 1998 “America’s Best Graduate Schools” Annual Survey of Accounting Professors and once again has ranked BYU’s MBA Mid-November 1997, Marriott School has ranked BYU’s graduate and under- program number 46. Dean K. Fred student Kasey Walker approached graduate accounting programs third in Skousen notes that “being numbered Management Society Campus Chapter the nation (Public Accounting Report, among the top 50 programs in the nation Co-Chair Chad Dinning with a desire to August 15, 1997). means that we are in the upper 10 to 15 get involved with a Management Society “A national organization of accounting percent of all accredited schools of busi- assignment. They decided on a service department heads ranks schools based ness, which is significant recognition for project, and with the help of Amber on program curriculum, quality of faculty our program.” Hardy, Michelle Dray, and the United and students, and graduate placement,” Dean Skousen went on to say that Way, the “Angel Tree” was born. according to SOAIS director Steve “while our ranking remained the same as They chose this particular project Albrecht. The report pointed out that last year, we are pleased that our overall because it gave students the maximum “BYU incorporates three key components score has improved. We are especially flexibility in terms of how much time they into each of its courses: technical skills, gratified with the significant improve- devoted, when they could do it, and how sales and marketing skills, and communi- ment we have made with student place- much money they spent. They also knew cations skills.” SOAIS graduates have a ment and starting salaries. Our Marriott it would appeal to the students because positive reputation among employers, and School MBA graduates are viewed as it helped little children. The organizers many large firms recruit heavily at BYU. valuable in the marketplace.” went to great lengths to ensure that every child received a gift. On December 1, 1997, posters went High Honors for BYU at the Arthur Andersen Tax Challenge up around the Tanner Building asking “Have you picked up your angel?” The next day, a beautiful Christmas tree rose in the third-floor atrium of the Tanner Building with 100 angels hanging as ornaments. Each angel described the gift requests of one child. Two days later, all the angels were gone—taken by students who would provide the requested gifts. Kasey asked for more from the United Way, and another 30 angels were hung on the tree. One day later, those addi- tional 30 angels were gone. All this happened during the last two weeks of fall semester classes. Gifts began flooding in. About 500 gifts were collected from generous Tax team members and advisors (l to r) front: Jon Peterson, Sadler Nelson, Jack DaBell, Janaan Lake, BYU students. Some of the gifts were back: Howard Engle, Professor Fred Streuling, Professor Brian Spilker, Jeff Totten wrapped, some were not. The gifts were then taken to the United Way office Graduate accounting students took sec- and tax regulations as resources. Teams where they were packaged and sorted ond place at the annual Arthur Andersen were given seven hours to read and by family. Three days before Christmas, Tax Challenge November 21–23, 1997, solve the case, which incorporated community volunteers helped deliver bringing home a $10,000 cash award. issues such as capital gains, tax-plan- the packages to the needy families. For the second straight year, BYU sent ning for retirement, and deferred com- The success of the campus chapter’s both its undergraduate and graduate pensation plans. Angel Tree project is a credit to the stu- teams to the final round of competition. Master of Accountancy students Jack dents and faculty of BYU. Kasey observed, The undergraduate team placed in the DaBell, Janaan Lake, Sadler Nelson, and “We helped pass the magic of Christmas top ten, receiving $1,500 in prize money. Jon Peterson made up the graduate team. that we felt as children along to other chil- The four-person student teams were This year’s undergraduate team consisted dren. It was very fulfilling to do that on given a complex simulated case to solve of C.J. Koyle, Steve Scow, Melissa Larsen, such a large scale. We accomplished some- using only the Internal Revenue Code and Bruce Wright. thing good for the community.”

20 exchange SCHOOL NEWS

Dyer Distinguished Alumni Award Entrepreneur Program in Top 25 Goes to Bob Hoskisson Institute of Public Management For the third consecutive year, the Gets New Name Robert E. Hoskisson, Rath Chair in Marriott School has been ranked as one Strategic Management at the Michael F. of the top 25 business schools for entre- Price College of Business, received the preneurs by Success magazine. Only 14 William G. Dyer Distinguished Alumni programs in the nation can claim such Award in a luncheon ceremony on a distinction. Friday, April 3, 1998. After lunch, Schools were ranked according to five Hoskisson delivered an informative criteria: enrollment, entrepreneurship presentation entitled “A Legacy of activities, curriculum, faculty, and stu- Personal and Organizational Change dent programs. While the magazine did Management.” He has been widely pub- not assign a specific rank among the top lished, is active in the Academy of 25, Success did single out the Marriott ollowing a substantial gift from the Romney Management, and is a strong voice on School for its innovative programs and family to BYU, the Marriott School’s Institute of issues of strategic management. close ties to real-world entrepreneurs. F Public Management has been renamed the George The Dyer Distinguished Alumni “We have a dynamic program, but its W. Romney Institute of Public Management. Award is given to an alumnus of at least real strength lies in our approximately “I am certain that my father would be pleased 10 years who makes a significant contri- 100 Entrepreneur Founders,” said Donald to have his name associated with BYU’s fine bution in the field of organizational H. Livingstone, director of the Center for Institute of Public Management,” said W. Mitt behavior. Entrepreneurship. “This group of gener- Romney, son of the former Michigan governor. ous men and women have contributed “The Romney family is delighted to assist with the Extended Reach millions of dollars and thousands institute’s educational mission to prepare bright Scholarships of teaching and mentoring hours new leaders for public service.” to keep our program one of the With this gift, the Romney Institute, which is Three talented MBA stu- best in the nation.” housed in the Marriott School, will increase BYU’s dents were the inaugural The entrepreneurship curricu- emphasis on public service and not-for-profit man- recipients of the Extended lum includes classes, individual agement, preparing students to make significant Reach Scholarship, spon- mentoring meetings between contributions to society. sored by the Ford Motor students and the Center’s five In February, Mitt Romney presented Dean Company. Entrepreneurs-in-Residence, Skousen with the first $1 million of a $3 million Cameron Williams weekly lectures by practicing endowment designed to help fund the 30-year-old (right) hails from California, but gradu- entrepreneurs, and other activities institute. Other family members and friends, includ- ated from the University of Utah in designed to instruct and encourage stu- ing Lenore L. Romney, widow of George Romney, accounting. He worked for Fidelity dent entrepreneurs. will contribute another $1 million. The Marriott Investments in Salt Lake City and served School has committed to add a third million. five years in the Air Force. Eric Grinnell Generous Donation to Insurance, The Romney family and friends were honored is a native of Michigan and studied liter- Risk Management, and Financial at a reception and dinner on April 14 in the Joseph ature at the University of Michigan. He Services Program Smith Memorial Building in Salt Lake City. also speaks Arabic. Ivan Squire is from “We are indebted to the Romney family,” said Virginia and graduated from the Sponsors of the Insurance, Risk Dean Skousen, “for this generous and timely gift University of Richmond with an under- Management, and Financial Services and recognize the other donors who are contribut- graduate major in Spanish. He was Program gathered for their annual meet- ing to the endowment over a period of time. We cofounder of Cornerstone Tutoring. ing on March 16, 1998, in Salt Lake City. are also deeply honored to rename our institute The Extended Reach Scholarship is Central to the meeting was recognition after a man who so richly exemplifies the commit- specially designed for minority students for the $1 million donation made by one ment to service that lies at the foundation of our who desire to earn an MBA at the of the sponsors, Ronald C. Gunnell, and educational offerings.” Marriott School. It is awarded to three his wife, Kaye, to establish an endowment According to Lawrence C. Walters, director entering students each year and covers in support of the program. The endow- of the Institute of Public Management, the the cost of tuition, books, and a small liv- ment will create a professorship, student endowment will be used to help fund a Romney ing allowance for the two years of MBA scholarships, and provide other valuable professorship, four student scholarships annually, study. Based on satisfactory scholastic assistance to the school as it works to edu- additional undergraduate course offerings, performance, scholarship recipients may cate students in the areas of insurance, prominent guest lecturers, and faculty grants be considered for a summer internship risk management, and financial services. for relevant research. with Ford Motor Company. (continued next page)

21 SPRING 1998 SCHOOL NEWS

Gunnell and his partner, Jeffrey C. during her graduate studies by working Agency. Since returning from a mission Flamm, founded and recently sold as a business systems analyst and market- to Sydney, Australia, in 1994, Matthew Health Benefits America (HBA), one ing coordinator for Bell & Howard has worked as a marketing database of the nation’s foremost outsource Powersports-Lightspeed in Salt Lake developer at the Covey Leadership providers of benefits management. City. Kristen is president of the MOB Center and as a communications skills Student Association and ranks first in trainer at the Missionary Training 1997 Honored Students the program with a GPA of 3.97. Center. Matthew J. Beecher was presented One graduate and one undergraduate with the Honored Undergraduate Recruiter Ski Days student were recognized at Homecoming Student Award. He is a senior majoring as the 1997 Marriott School Honored in business management with an Marriott School graduate students took Students. emphasis in organizational behavior part in another successful Recruiter Kristen Knight, a second-year master’s and will graduate with honors in April. Ski Days event, January 19–20, 1998. student in organizational behavior, was He has maintained a cumulative GPA of This brainchild of Marriott School presented with the Honored Graduate 3.85 and has been awarded the Karl G. Career Services Director Bill Brady Student Award. She received her bache- Maeser Scholarship by the Marriott brings together students and potential lor’s degree in fashion merchandising School as well as the Exceptional employers in a setting that encourages from BYU in 1990 and has worked for Student Scholarship, a national award different conversations and perspec- various companies as a sales associate, given by State Farm Insurance. tives. Recruiters and students came technical support specialist, and market- Matthew has served as a program direc- away from the event with very enthusi- ing specialist. She is supporting herself tor for BYUSA’s Community Action astic responses. Indeed, if past experience repeats itself, a number of firm job offers will be made by companies who took part in New MBA and SOAIS Directors Named Recruiter Ski Days. Brady reports, “We know that one offer was made on a Henry J. Eyring has been named director of the Marriott School’s nationally ranked MBA Program. chairlift” in a previous year. He will assume his new responsibilities within the next few months, taking the helm from Gary McKinnon, who has done an excellent job as director of the program for the past six years. Jon Huntsman Named 1998 Appointing someone from outside the university, signals a break from a long tradition of rotating Entrepreneur of the Year faculty members into the MBA leadership role. Eyring has worked since 1989 for Monitor Company, an international management consulting The Center for Entrepreneurship has firm based in Cambridge, Mass. He has been president of Monitor Institute, a subsidiary of the named Jon Meade Huntsman, founder firm that consults in the public sector, and has also been a global account manager at Monitor. and CEO of Huntsman Chemical Eyring serves as COO of the Huntsman Cancer Foundation and as a Trustee of Southern Utah Corporation, as recipient of the 1998 University. He is a director of Skywest Airlines and Assist Cornerstone Technologies, a Salt-Lake- Entrepreneur of the Year Award. The based software company. Eyring holds degrees in geology, business administration, and law from award recognizes a successful entrepre- BYU. He and his wife, Kelly, are the parents of three children. neur who demonstrates exceptional Gary McKinnon has directed the MBA Program since 1992. A popular marketing professor, leadership and high moral and ethical McKinnon will return to full-time teaching and research.

After eight years of outstanding service, Steve Albrecht will step down as director of the School of Accountancy and Information Systems. Lee H. Radebaugh will take the reins from Albrecht, effective August 1, 1998. Radebaugh is the KPMG Peat Marwick Professor of Accounting and codirector of the BYU–University of Utah Center for International Business Education and Research (CIBER). He taught for eight years at The Pennsylvania State University and was a visiting professor at universities in New York City; Lima, Peru; and Glasgow, Scotland. Radebaugh served as associate dean of the Marriott School from 1984 to 1991 and has been CIBER director since 1990. He earned MBA and DBA degrees from Indiana University. Radebaugh and his wife, Tanya, are the parents of six children. During Albrecht’s term as SOAIS director, both the undergraduate and graduate accounting programs have been ranked among the nation’s top 10. Jon Huntsman

22 exchange SCHOOL NEWS standards. Huntsman was honored at CSX Corporation in April 1989 and added for the State of Oregon and as a marketing an awards banquet on April 2, 1998, at the title of chairman in 1991. A native of consultant in the public and private sectors. the Provo Park Hotel. Toledo, Ohio, he joined a predecessor She thrives on French genealogical research, Huntsman has built one of the most company, Chessie System, Inc., in 1977. roller-blading, and tennis and is the successful chemical companies in the According to his colleague and friend mother of five children (three of whom are world. “I had absolutely nothing to Tom Hoppin, vice president of corporate BYU students). lose,” Huntsman says about his early communications at CSX, Snow is Shawna Gygi has replaced Carla beginnings in business. “I was willing to “incredibly loyal to everyone he works Nielsen as the recruiting coordinator for take major risks—without risks there with. He’s competitive and demanding, graduate career services in the Marriott are no rewards.” but fair. No one can keep up with him School. Shawna has broad experience in Huntsman believes that his family and intellectually.” leadership, management, and sales and companies have a solemn obligation to marketing training, as well as in account- support humanitarian and charitable caus- ing. She loves to run, mountain bike, and es. He was recently named as a member of read—especially about business. Shawna, Forbes’“Biggest Giver” list with donations a native of Canada, is married with totaling more than $250 million. three children. Jon and his wife, Karen, share an Kay Johnson is the new administrative active interest in Primary Children’s assistant to Dean K. Fred Skousen, replac- Medical Center, where they have made ing Roberta Nielson, who retired in major donations of time and financial December 1997. Kay brings energy and resources. They also chair the Medical experience to the dean’s office, having Center Foundation’s board of trustees. worked previously in human resources, Devout Latter-day Saints, the Huntsmans marketing, public relations, and sales in intend to continue sharing their fortune various organizations. Kay enjoys tennis, with those in need. “It’s a different indi- reading, and travel. She is the mother of vidual mindset to make money, as two delightful sons. opposed to giving,” says Huntsman. Raquel Orton is the new MPA Program “Giving is an innate quality—difficult, John W. Snow secretary in the Romney Institute of Public if not impossible to teach.” Management, replacing Linda Rich. Before Snow served in various posts in the coming to the Romney Institute, Raquel John W. Snow Named Marriott Ford administration. Prior to his govern- worked full-time in the admissions office School Executive of the Year ment service, he practiced law in on campus and part-time in the records Washington for a number of years. office. She loves working and going to The Marriott School honored the chair- Snow earned a PhD in economics school at BYU. man, president, and CEO of one of the from the University of Virginia and a law Linda Rich has joined the Center for world’s leading freight transportation degree from George Washington Entrepreneurship as program assistant, companies as its 1997 International University. He taught economics at the replacing Mary Taylor, who has relocated to Executive of the Year. The award to John University of Virginia and law at the California. An entrepreneur in her own W. Snow of CSX Corporation was pre- George Washington Law School at the right, Linda owned her own dance studio sented during the school’s annual University of Maryland. for 14 years while her children were young. National Advisory Committee For the two years prior to her current posi- Conference, November 6–8, 1997. tion, she was MPA Program secretary in the “We are fortunate to have an executive Romney Institute of Public Management. of John Snow’s experience and stature NEW STAFF Linda has a private pilot’s license and is receive this award,” said Dean Skousen. the mother of four children. “To have someone with his extensive Joan Geismar has joined the Romney Debbie Russo is the new MBA Program background in business and education Institute of Public Management as the secretary, replacing Jill Powell, who has visit our campus and share his perspec- assistant director responsible for admis- decided to take a break from the work- tives is a real honor.” sions, student recruitment, and placement. place. Debbie is very familiar with BYU According to Skousen, this award is An undergraduate alumnus of BYU, Joan after working more than eight years at the given to individuals who show outstand- recently completed a master’s degree in J. Reuben Clark Law School, including a ing leadership in the public or private management with an emphasis in market- long period as the dean’s secretary. She sector and show high moral and ethical ing and public policy at Oregon’s loves to sew, quilt, and read. She is kept standards. Willamette University. Joan has worked in busy by six children, one grandson, and Snow was elected president and CEO of policy analysis and performance auditing a husband.

23 SPRING 1998 faculty news

award is presented to the most outstand- Outstanding Faculty Award ing teachers at BYU as seen through the eyes of the students. , associate dean of the Marriott School and professor Gary C. Cornia Norman R. Nemrow, teaching profes- of public management, has been named 1998 recipient of the sor of accountancy, has been named one Marriott School Outstanding Faculty Award. The award honors fac- of two 1998 recipients of the Marriott ulty members who have distinguished themselves by outstanding School Teaching Excellence Award. professional contributions while at Brigham Young University, Norm worked for Arthur Andersen & emphasizing accomplishments in the last three to five years. Co. in Orange County, California, and Gary graduated from Weber State University with a degree in practiced as a CPA for three years before economics. He then completed a master’s degree in economics at taking a professorship at Pepperdine Utah State University and earned his PhD from The Ohio State University. He moved to Provo and University School of Public Policy and Management. joined the BYU accounting faculty in After several years in industry, Gary’s first academic appointment 1991. He has served as president of the was at the Urban Institute at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He joined the BYU fac- Marriott School’s Alumni Board and was ulty in 1980 and is currently the Stewart L. Grow Professor in the Romney Institute of Public honored as the school’s outstanding Management. He has served as associate dean of the Marriott School since 1991. alumnus in 1994. From 1983 to 1986, Gary took a leave of absence to serve on the Utah State Tax Commission. Robert J. Parsons, professor of public His research and publications have focused on the areas of municipal resource allocation, proper- management, has been appointed to the ty tax issues with respect to cost-regulated utilities, property tax administration and policy, fore- Committee on Governance (COG) of the casting revenues, and, most recently, the implications of deregulation for state and local revenue American Hospital Association. The com- systems. His current research has taken him to Eastern Europe. mittee is the primary vehicle for commu- Gary has a strong commitment to teaching: “Teaching is perhaps the most fulfilling thing I do. nicating concerns and recommendations I especially enjoy seeing former students succeed and become involved in important public policy of hospital governing boards to the AHA issues. It only reinforces how lucky we are to be on this faculty and how good our students are.” policy development process. Dr. Parsons’ specific assignment is to chair the educa- tion initiative for the COG. Faculty Honors J. Owen Cherrington, professor of Douglas F. Prawitt, assistant professor accountancy and information systems, has of accountancy, is recipient of the 1998 W. Steve Albrecht, Arthur Andersen LLP been named the Mary and Ellis Professor Marriott School Young Researcher Alumni Professor and former director of Accounting and Information Systems. Award. Doug is a CPA with experience of the School of Accountancy and The newly established Mary and Ellis at LDS Church Headquarters in Salt Lake Information Systems, was chosen as one Distinguished Professorship is funded to City; Baxter Health Care in El Paso, of the nation’s 100 most influential peo- honor exceptional professors and to help Texas; and Price Waterhouse, LLP. ple by Accounting Today magazine. attract and retain top professors to the Before coming to BYU, Doug taught According to the editors, Professor program. This professorship was created at the University of Arizona. He is an Albrecht was chosen because of his work by an anonymous donor in the first names active researcher and was recently named as president of the American Accounting of his parents. to an international task force on auditor Association (AAA) in improving Lynn J. McKell, professor of informa- independence. accounting education and his extensive tion technology, was named president- Lee H. Radebaugh, professor of accounting fraud research. elect for the Utah Academy of Sciences, accountancy, is a recipient of the 1998 A certified public accountant, internal Arts, and Letters in May 1997. He will Marriott School Citizenship Award. Lee auditor, and fraud examiner, Albrecht serve until May 1999, when he assumes is the KPMG Peat Marwick Professor came to BYU in 1977 after teaching at the office of president. of Accounting and new director of the Stanford and the University of Illinois and Robert B. Murray, professor of busi- School of Accountancy and Information working for Deloitte & Touche. ness management, and James D. Stice, Systems. He served as associate dean of Albrecht is also past-president of associate professor of accountancy, have the Marriott School from 1984 to 1991 Administrators of Accounting Programs been named 1998 recipients of the and has been CIBER director since 1990. and the 1998 recipient of the Marriott Marriott School Student Award for Lee’s primary teaching interests are School Citizenship Award. Excellence in Teaching. This teaching international business and international

24 exchange FACULTY NEWS accounting. He is active with the local busi- The Alumni Board also awarded seed more than 20 percent of the country’s ness community as former president of the money for the following project proposals: largest corporations and requires top World Trade Association of Utah and • David Cottrell and James Stice for executives to own stock in the company member of the District Export Council. “Business Problems Your Casebook equal in value to several times their Gary K. Rhoads, associate professor of Forgot to Tell You About.” annual salary. marketing, is also a recipient of the 1998 • Owen Cherrington for his proposal According to the New York Times, Marriott School Teaching Excellence to use alumni to help in the management Sanders found statistical evidence that Award. Gary teaches courses in market- consulting class. executives with particularly large stock- ing management, sales management, and • Ray Nelson for his proposal to option packages were more likely than personal selling. Gary has worked with establish the Internet Business and those with smaller option plans to engage numerous companies in the United Economic Forum. in “symbolic churning,” through acquisi- States, Europe, and Asia, focusing on • Hal Heaton for his proposal to write tions and divestitures, to inflate the stock developing effective marketing strategies live cases for the new ventures class. price. But in his study of 250 companies for high-tech firms and designing a cus- • David Cottrell and Monte Swain for between 1991 and 1995, he also found tomer-focused service culture for sales “Course Management Using the Internet comparatively few acquisitions and and service organizations. and Class Home Page.” divestitures where top executives already Dave N. Stewart, professor of accoun- owned significant blocks of stock. tancy, was named the Rachel Martin First OB Class on the Internet Professors Phil Bryson and Gary C. Distinguished Professor. Rachel Martin Cornia have received a grant from the is the mother of Mary, named in the In the fall of 1997, David Cherrington Lincoln Institute on Land Policy Mary and Ellis Professorship. of the Department of Organizational (Cambridge, Mass.) to study the process G. Fred Streuling, professor of accoun- Leadership and Strategy worked with of fiscal decentralization in the Czech tancy, was awarded the 16th Joseph A. BYU’s Independent Study Office to Republic and the Slovak Republic. The Silvoso Faculty Award of Merit on develop an organizational behavior research focuses primarily on the role of December 8, 1997, and the Deloitte & course (OB321) on the Internet. BYU property tax providing fiscal autonomy Touche Excellence in Teaching Professor- now has 10 independent study courses to local governments in the two ship on October 1, 1997. The faculty award on the Internet, and the OB321 course republics. Cornia and Bryson presented of merit honors an outstanding contribu- is the first to be totally integrated. a paper in Brataslovia, Slovakia, on fiscal tion by a faculty member teaching in a Students can enroll in the class by decentralization in February of 1998. post-baccalaureate professional program. providing a credit card number. The conference was sponsored by the Professor Streuling received the excellence Instructions for enrolling, the application Canadian government, the World Bank, in teaching professorship due to his repu- process, the introduction to each lesson, USAID, and the Slovak parliament. tation as one of the nation’s top teachers at text material, exams, student feedback, As chairman of the Communications introducing innovative pedagogy. and grading procedures are all handled and Electronic Commerce Tax Project, on-line. Professor Gary C. Cornia is also drafting TEAMS Awards The text material contains buttons legislation that will help determine students can click when they want to view whether or not Internet sales can or The Teaching Excellence Award for video material. About 70 topics in the even should be taxed. “Our hope is that Management Skills (TEAMS) recognizes course are also linked to other Internet by the end of this year, if not sooner, to Marriott School professors for innovative sites. Cherrington says he is convinced we have a good portion of this legislation techniques that bring the workplace into can do a much better job of making edu- out for the public to respond to,” said the classroom. cation available to Church members and Cornia. “The implications of technology At their semi-annual meeting, the others beyond the borders of our campus, are so complex and so hard to under- Alumni Board announced the 1998 and this Internet course is a great start. stand that it is not clear that we can winners: On the first day the course was available, impose a tax.” The first public meetings First Place David Cottrell and Monte two people enrolled. One was from Brazil. on the Internet sales tax issue were Swain for their project concerning alum- held in November and December of ni and students, “Permanent 1997–1998 Faculty Profiles last year. Connections Through the Internet.” Steve Thorley and Grant McQueen, Second Place Hal Heaton for working In an article published by the New York both assistant finance professors, have with practicing entrepreneurs to create Times, February 8, 1998, Gerard Sanders, found that the Dogs strategy “probably case studies for the classroom. professor of strategic management at the does not beat the Dow 30.” Their Third Place Steven Glover and Marriott School, is cited as an authority research has been touted in The Wall Douglas Prawitt for bringing realism to on a corporate executive compensation Street Journal, Money Magazine,the case studies in professional accounting. practice. This growing practice involves International Herald Tribune, and in

25 SPRING 1998 FACULTY NEWS the financial pages of newspapers another third from elsewhere in Europe, Lee T. Perry, professor of strategy, across the nation. and the final third from schools in the worked with Merck, the pharmaceutical The Dogs strategy calls for investing USA (exchange students with IESE). giant, from March 1996 through August equal amounts in the 10 stocks with the Professor Dyer also published the article 1997. Perry was the principal designer of highest dividend yields on the Dow Jones “Conflictos en la Empresa Familiar” for Project Millennium, a strategy and orga- listing. After 12 months the portfolio is the school’s alumni page during his stay. nization design intervention developed adjusted to match the new list. Although “I had a great experience with MBA for Merck affiliates operating in Central the Dogs strategy had an average return students around the world,” Dyer report- and Eastern Europe. He also served as of 16.77 percent over a 20-year period ed. “I gained a unique insight into their co-leader of regional consulting and compared to the Dow’s 13.77 percent, programs and was able to compare transformation teams composed of McQueen and Thorley point out that what’s happening at their schools with Merck regional support staff and local much of the Dogs’ outperformance of the what we’re doing in the Marriott managers. In addition, he worked direct- Dow is lost in taxes and commissions. School.” Dyer is currently collaborating ly with country transformation teams Consequently, the average return on the in family business research with Miguel from Poland, the Czech Republic, Dogs and the Dow comes out to be about Gallo, the leading researcher on family Slovenia, Russia, and the Ukraine to the same. business in Spain, and will be meeting develop specific strategic goals, target Professor Kim Cameron’s report on with him in the fall. When asked if he statements, objectives, and action plans. organizational downsizing in the U.S. would teach again at IESE, Dyer said he According to Perry, the most signifi- Army has been published in Research has a standing invitation and will proba- cant lessons he learned came from work- in Organizational Behavior,February bly return in two or three years. ing day-to-day with Merck managers 1998. Although he expected the Army to J. Bonner Ritchie, professor of organi- from more than 20 Western, Central, and be one of the worst examples of down- zational behavior, took a year leave Eastern European countries. sizing because of its hierarchical, rule- beginning January 1997 to teach as a Professor Kristie Seawright will be bound, rigid organization, Cameron said visiting professor at BirZeit University in traveling spring term 1998 for two-and- that the Army “is among the most effec- the West Bank, Palestine, and at the a-half weeks with a group of 12 graduate tive organizations at downsizing,” University of Jordan in Amman, Jordan. students. The group will be traveling because of their downsizing strategy. He taught organizational behavior and a to several Asian countries to study their Cameron lists five reasons for the leadership seminar in the undergraduate business practices. The countries they Army’s successful downsizing: (1) experi- program in BirZeit, the top-ranked uni- will be visiting include Japan, China, ence with resizing during Desert Shield versity in Palestine and the school that Vietnam, and Hong Kong. and Desert Storm; (2) time created to trains future leaders of Palestine. “The Seawright will also accompany a sec- plan and prepare for downsizing; (3) students were so appreciative, so respon- ond group of students to Asia, launching multiple-scenario and contingency plan- sive,” said Professor Ritchie. “They were a pilot program never before offered ning models; (4) learning orientation so pleased that I would come and spend through the Marriott School. The pilot designed to understand the downsizing time teaching them.” group of 17 undergraduate business activities as they unfolded; and (5) a car- Ritchie and his wife, Lois, team-taught management and accounting students ing culture in which the organization organization theory in the MBA Program will spend all of the ’98 spring term takes care of its people—those who leave at the University of Jordan, a public uni- observing businesses in Tokyo, as well as those who stay. versity with an enrollment of 24,000 stu- Singapore, Ho Chi Minh City, Shanghai, W. Gibb Dyer, Jr., professor of organi- dents. “Team-teaching with Lois made a and Hong Kong. zational behavior, was invited to teach dramatic difference for the students,” said Seawright and Professor Lee from October to December 1997 at the Ritchie. “One female student e-mailed Radebaugh took a group of 11 graduate Instituto de Estudios Superiores de la Lois and said that she had never seen students on a similar Asian study- Empresa (IESE), a branch campus of the a man and a woman teach together— abroad trip last spring. Seawright said University of Nevarra in Pamplona, certainly she had never seen a woman she decided to repeat the Asian study- Spain, and one of the top four business disagree with a man. It was quite a cul- abroad experience this year because of schools in Europe. tural education for them.” the strong, positive student response. “I wanted to develop greater perspec- In addition to teaching full-time at the “They learned what they could never tive into what was happening in Europe universities, Professor Ritchie conducted learn in the classroom. The experience and business in general,” said Professor training sessions and workshops with really augmented their education.” Dyer. In the three months he was at IESE, government ministries and private orga- Seawright selected Asia for the chance he taught two English MBA sections, nizations, and taught negotiation skills to observe the continuum of highly “Entrepreneurship and Family Business” to Arab diplomats at the Institute for labor-intensive business systems com- and “Strategy Implementation.” One- Diplomacy in Amman, Jordan, during pared with technologically advanced third of his students were from Spain, his stay. and flexible manufacturing systems.

26 exchange alumni

Marriott School Alumni Board aligned with specific objectives of the Young was selected for the award as school’s mission: students, faculty and staff, a result of his charitable work. He is Twice a year a sizable curriculum, and founder and chairman of the Forever gathering of business external relations. Young Foundation, which assists chil- professionals congre- The Alumni dren’s charities in the San Francisco Bay gates at the Tanner Board is led by an area and in Utah, and devotes much of Building to prepare executive committee his time to speaking to youth groups for the coming year. (which was reorga- across the country. Every October and nized at the March Last year’s award recipient, U.S. Senator March, Marriott meeting) and four Orrin Hatch from Utah, was on hand for School Alumni Board focus area leaders. the event. He joined Management Society members gather for Former president- members, LDS Church leaders, and gov- their semiannual elect Jim Engebretsen ernment officials from around the world meetings. Each of these (MBA ’84) was called in honoring Young. 35 business profes- as a mission presi- sionals is a graduate dent for the LDS Bay Area Chapters Honor Bateman of one of the Marriott Church and was School’s degree pro- therefore released Elder Merrill J. Bateman, president of grams and supports from his service on Brigham Young University, was presented the school in its mis- the Executive the 1998 Distinguished Public Service sion—especially when Committee. Award by the combined Bay Area chap- Alumni board at October meetings it concerns students. ters of the Marriott School Management While on campus, board members Washington, D.C., Chapter Honors Society and BYU Alumni Association. interact with students in mock inter- San Francisco 49ers Quarterback He accepted the award at a dinner cele- views, career counseling sessions, and bration held March 6, 1998 at the Santa panel discussions organized around top- The Washington, D.C., Management Clara Marriott Hotel. ics of interest to the students. An infor- Society Chapter presented its 1998 President Bateman’s academic assign- mal mentoring lunch is also part of the Distinguished Public Service Award to ments include lecturer in economics at the effort to help students better prepare for San Francisco 49ers quarterback Steve University of Ghana, 1963; assistant pro- business careers. Young on Saturday, February 28, 1998. fessor of economics at the U.S. Air Force In its meetings, the Alumni Board The award was part of the 14th Annual Academy, 1964–1967; associate professor explores opportunities to apply its mem- Gala Dinner held at the J.W. Marriott of economics at BYU, 1967–1969; profes- bers’ practical experience from the busi- Hotel in downtown Washington, D.C. sor of economics at BYU, 1969–1971; and ness world to the educational mission of A full house of more than 1,400 people dean of the BYU School of Management, the Marriott School. This group has made listened as Young compared the game of 1975–1979. He has also published several significant contributions to the quality of football to the game of life. Illustrating articles in the field of economics. education through a variety of initiatives. with stories from his football career, President Bateman has headed his Projects are generated within the four Young described the solid principles that own consulting and capital management focus areas of the board, each of which is have guided him on and off the field. companies. Before rejoining the BYU faculty as a dean, he was an executive Executive Committee Focus Leaders with Mars, Inc., in England and the United States (1971–1975). President Glen Mella Students Gary Beckstrand He was sustained as Presiding Bishop of (BS ’82) (BS ’85) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Vice President Steve Merrell Faculty & Staff Bryan Sudweeks Saints on April 2, 1994. The First Presidency (MBA ’86) (MBA ’82) of the Church released him from that call- Past President Christina Peterson Curriculum Craig Fruehan (MBA ’84) (MBA ’91) ing when they appointed him president of Ext. Relations Steve Merrell BYU on January 1, 1996. However, he con- (MBA ’86) tinues to serve the Church as a member of the First Quorum of the Seventy.

27 SPRING 1998 ALUMNI

Willes Honored in Southern Cal Children for 25 years. She has also earned from his post as deputy director. He then a master’s degree at Indiana University created the Utah Energy Conservation The Orange County Management in opera performance. She resides in Coalition, Inc., a state-wide nonprofit orga- Society Chapter, together with the J. Wetumpka, Alabama, and has two nization designed to address housing issues Reuben Clark Law Society and LDS children. and energy efficiency in the residential hous- Public Affairs, presented Mark Hinckley ing market. He now serves as the executive Willes with their 1998 Community Cameron Adams (MPA, 1973) director of the Coalition, and has introduced Service Award on Friday, March 27, 1998. Cameron has decided to step away from the Home Energy Ratings System to Utah. The award banquet was held at the management to focus on loan originations He, his wife, Charlene, and their six chil- Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace as a loan officer. He and his wife, dren make their home in Orem, Utah. in Yorba Linda. Kathleen, live in Pleasant Grove, Utah. Willes is chairman, president, and Fred E. Bernhardt (MBA, 1981) CEO of The Times Mirror Company Neil Lamont (MAcc, 1975) Fred is vice president of the Sacramento and publisher of the Los Angeles Times Neil retired from the U.S. Army as a Downtown Office of the Union Bank of newspaper. Prior to joining Times lieutenant colonel specializing in Russian California. He and his wife, Jill, have four Mirror in 1995, Willes was with General and Eastern European affairs. Following sons, the oldest of which recently left on a Mills for 15 years, ending his tenure his retirement he served as president of mission for the LDS Church. there as a vice chairman responsible for the LDS Church’s Ukraine Kiev mission. international operations and develop- He and his wife, Sylva, now reside in Wayne C. Parker (MPA, 1981) ment activities. While well recognized Sheridan, Wyoming. For almost three years, Wayne has been for his business acumen, Willes is equal- serving as management services director ly devoted to the quiet acts of service Robert Hope (MHA, 1976) for Ogden City. He was recently honored that permeate his life. For BYU alone, Robert has recently moved back to Utah by a resolution of the Utah League of he has been a tireless fundraiser, has to own and manage First Choice Medical, Cities and Towns for his lobbying work for helped to organize and fund scholar- his own home health company. He lives cities at the Utah State Legislature. He and ships for specialty student groups, and in Ogden. his wife, Julie Ann, live in Roy, Utah. has provided one-on-one assistance to individual students. A devoted husband Roger C. Allred (BS–Accounting, 1976) Guy Laing (BS, 1981) and father of five, Willes has also served Roger has recently published a book titled Following a successful 14-year position as faithfully in the LDS Church. The Family Business: Power Tools for a national sales and marketing manager Survival, Success, and Succession. His for Marsyls, Inc., Guy is now a sales con- book addresses practical, legal, and sultant for Nutraceutical, Inc. and Avbrey, financial issues, and discusses family Inc., in Utah. He and his wife, Tamara, dynamics, emotional aspects, privacy make their home in Roy. CLASS NOTES concerns, and other issues unique to the family business. Roger and his wife, Steven J. Asvitt (MBA, 1982) Susan, have nine children and reside in Steve has been promoted to chief financial Anthony Jay (A.J.) Winkelman (BS, 1965) Bakersfield, California. officer of Chrysler Do Brasil. He and his After 14 years in the Washington, D.C., family reside in Sao Paulo, Brazil. area, A.J. recently moved his business to Frank Sutton (MBA, 1977) Utah. In 1982 he started Preferred Frank is enjoying his work in asset manage- Robert W. Huckvale (MAcc, 1984) Services Corporation, a business and loan ment consulting in Birmingham, Alabama. Robert was recently hired as the CEO of brokering company. In 1996 he relocated He and his wife, Kathryn, had their third Landa, Inc., a producer of pressure washers PSC to Provo and continues to own and child, Melanie Grace, in August 1997. and cleaning systems headquartered in run the company. He and his wife, Linda, Portland, Oregon. His free time is spent reside in Orem. Bob Cuthberson (BS, 1979) with his family, playing and coaching Bob is a business/leasing manager for the soccer, and serving as Young Men’s presi- John Reid Giles, Jr. (MBA, 1965) Moss Motor Company in South Pittsburg, dent in his LDS ward. John founded Coal, Inc., in 1984 and has Tennessee. He and his wife, Teresa, have served as its president since that time. He six sons and live in Scottsboro, Alabama. Gil A. Miller (MAcc, 1985) and his wife, Deann, have seven grown Gil is director of the Financial Advisory children and live in Birmingham, Alabama. David A. Wilson (MA–Organizational Services Department in the Salt Lake City Communications, 1979) office of Coopers & Lybrand, LLP. He spe- Ann Louise Pattillo (MAcc, 1970) After spending 16 years at the Housing cializes in litigation support, bankruptcy Ann has been CEO of ORFF Music for Authority of Utah, David recently retired services, and fraud investigation. He and

28 exchange ALUMNI his wife, Maryann, have three children women who prepare church buildings for Bart Catmull (BS–Accounting, 1992) and reside in Kaysville, Utah. weekly worship. He and his wife, Lori, live Since graduating, Bart has worked for in Washington Terrace, Utah. Coopers & Lybrand, LLP. Soon after being David R. Martin (BS, 1985) made manager, Bart accepted a two-year After graduation, David spent three years Dan Collins (BS, 1988) rotation with C&L’s national office to work with Arthur Andersen, LLP, in the Dan is a product manager for Lotus 1-2-3, in the SEC directorate. He and his wife, Dallas/Fort Worth area, then two years as an and is treasurer for the New England Jana, have four children and reside in audit manager for the Coca-Cola Bottling Chapter of the BYU Management Society. Mesa, Arizona. Company in Atlanta. Since that time, he has He and his wife, Tonjua, live in Derry, been with Rheem Manufacturing in a vari- New Hampshire. Matt Semadeni (BS–Management/ ety of positions, most recently overseeing the Information Systems, 1993) water heater division’s marketing efforts. He Jack Reeve (MBA, 1990) Matt was promoted in June to senior and his wife, Kimi, live in Montgomery, After graduation, Jack spent four years in consultant in the Washington, DC, Alabama, and have five children. the sales organization at WordPerfect, Government Consulting Services prac- then moved to Salt Lake City and spent tice of Electronic Data Systems Robert L. Kendrick (MHA, 1986) another three years with Novell following Corporation. Robert Kendrick has been named chief its purchase of WordPerfect. He then operating officer of Northwest Healthcare joined Tektronix’s color printer division Gregory L. Chandler (MBA, 1996) and Kalispell Regional Medical Center as a manufacturer representative for Gregory was recently promoted to associ- in Kalispell, Montana. Prior to this Utah, Idaho, and Montana. Tektronix is ate marketing manager for The Pillsbury assignment, Robert served as vice presi- the leading provider of networked color Company in Minneapolis, Minnesota. dent of clinical support services for laser-class printers as well as specialty He will work in the Pillsbury refrigerated OSF Saint Anthony Medical Center in graphics color printers. pie crust and Pet Ritz frozen pie crust Rockford, Illinois, and vice president of businesses. Management Science Associates, Inc., a Matthew Stroud (MBA, 1991) national health care consulting company Matthew has been promoted to director Shane C. McClellan (BS, 1996) headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri. of investor relations at Darden Last year, Shane was promoted to vice He, his wife, Mauri, and their four chil- Restaurants. After completing undergrad- president of Sterling Health, a health sup- dren have relocated to Montana’s uate work in Japanese and business plement company in Provo, Utah. He is Flathead Valley. fundamentals at the Marriott School, currently working on international expan- Matthew joined Darden Restaurants in sion, product research and development, Mark F. Burton (BS, 1986) May 1990 as an intern for Red Lobster marketing, and operations management. Mark is CEO of International Armoring Japan, After completing his MBA, he Sterling Health recently merged with Corporation as well as entrepreneur-in- rejoined RL Japan as a senior financial Omega NutriPharm, a company located residence at Weber State University. He analyst. Two years later he transferred to in Birmingham, Alabama. was a recent finalist for Inc. Magazine’s Red Lobster Planning and Analysis and “Entrepreneur of the Year” award. He, his moved to Corporate Analysis in 1995. In Todd Titensor (MBA, 1997) wife, Brenda, and their five children live October 1995 he was promoted to man- While still a student, Todd founded in Ogden, Utah. ager, strategic analysis. Candesa Interactive, a computer technol- ogy firm serving high-tech companies, Robert Bickmore (BS—Accounting, 1987) Glade M. Jones (MBA, 1992) including Intel, Iomega, and Corel. Todd After spending nine years with KPMG Glade has been named president of is currently president of the company, Peat Marwick, LLP, Robert recently joined Calute Home, a development and which now has 13 employees. He and his Continental Airlines as a manager of cor- construction firm specializing in semicus- wife, Kathleen, make their home in porate and systems audits. He and his tom homes and land development. The Orem, Utah. wife, Millie, have two children and reside company’s earnings exceeded $10 million in The Woodlands, Texas. in 1997. He and his wife, Tonya, make Craig J. Dixon (BS, 1997) their home in Ogden, Utah, and just had Craig is working in Spanish Fork, Utah, Steven J. Brown (MPA, 1988) their third child. as a customer support representative for After ten years as facility manager at the Caselle, Inc., a software developer for BYU Salt Lake Center, Steven is now a Rob MacPherson (MAcc, 1992) municipality accounting systems. Craig facility manager for the Church’s Rob has recently been named CFO of The takes troubleshooting calls and teaches Morgan/Layton Preventive Maintenance Genesys Group. He and his wife, Annette, end-user courses. He and his wife, Trisha, Group. He supervises a crew of men and live in Troy, Michigan. live in Springville.

29 SPRING 1998 Nonprofit Organization U.S. Postage

BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY PA I D MARRIOTT SCHOOL Provo, Utah OF MANAGEMENT Permit No. 49 730 TANNER BUILDING PROVO, UTAH 84602

ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED

n his International Executive of the Year speech, delivered on businesses to carry out particular social and political agendas, November 7, 1997, John W. Snow advised students and facul- corporate America does need help in “developing and seeing, at Ity that “business is a serous moral calling. The people who work and at play, a genuine philosophy of business that helps to practice it best view it that way.” define the legitimate role of business and that puts the moral and He added that business behavior is rarely spoken of in light ethical and even religious . . . aspects of creative acts of business of its ethical and moral concerns. For example, great business into their proper perspective.” leaders take joy in seeing young people develop and find oppor- According to Snow, BYU, with its ties to philosophical, ethical, tunities for their creativity through business pursuits. And and religious traditions, is the best place to begin to develop a because of the development of new technologies, better process- moral philosophy of business. He challenged the students and es, and sharing of capital around the world, business, especially faculty of the Marriott School to “help put what business does American business, is helping to raise living standards and in this higher moral and ethical context, to help develop a eradicate poverty. true philosophy of business, so that [businesspeople] will Snow suggested that although it is dangerous to “turn the be better armed to deal with . . . the critics of capitalism and corporation into an agent of the welfare state” by forcing market forces.”