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Designed by Argo www.argoproject.eu migration and imigration: Social impacts and citizen responses as concerns the sustainable and peaceful development of an integrated Europe Introduction Municipality of Mayor of Fusignano Cieszanow Content 4 Mayor of Cieszanów 8 (Poland)

Municipality of Municipality of Municipality of Municipality of Diosd Argenbuhl Lokrous Forli 12 (Hungary) 16 (Germany) 20 (Greece) 24 (Italy)

Municipality of Municipality of Municipality of Summary in Fusignano Aheloy Lupeni national 28 (Italy) 32 (Bulgaria) 36 (Romania) 40 languages

3 Introduction

The management of the complex dynamics which force people to migrate from decided to face it in a resolute and responsible way, by supporting the dialogue, the mutual knowledge and at the same Nicola Pasi the poorest countries to the ones with more opportunities and of the related time by guaranteeing the respect of the rules, the people and the places. Mayor of Fusignano social effects is not something that can be restricted to a single country or a local administration. This is an historic challenge that the municipality of Fusignano is dealing with, by managing the dynamics and planning the actions within the innovative background of the Union of Municipalities of Bassa Romagna. Nine small towns have Immigration is not a choice, but a fact. The delicate task of any local communities been organized together through this Union, to share the administration of a territory with more than one hundred is to govern the cohabitation and support the problematic integration process thousand people, ten thousand of which are foreigners. to keep and renew the cornerstones of the social cohesion that are an essential base of a community. In Fusignano, the commitment to put together a changing society is involving different civic associations and the delegates of the religious communities, both catholic and Islamic. It is undeniable that people immigration from different cultures brings problems, fears, incomprehension, like all the sudden changes. But it’s also undeniable We believe it’s important to go ahead this way because the ownership of a potential significant outcome cannot be that our community is and will always be a multi-ethnic community, where boys delegated to a public authority, but it must be shared with the community and assimilated from the Italian and foreigner and girls from different origin, culture and religion will grow up together. They citizens. will do it with the goal of remaining a community, not only an aggregation of people divided by skin colour or origin, that as time passes will become With this in mind we have decided to join the MIGRAIN project, involving on it all the Fusignano and the Bassa Romagna inevitably more undefined. community: the school, the most active voluntary associations, the religious communities and the young people who lived the immigration experience. Governing the cohabitation and building the interaction between different people is not an ideological matter, but a responsibility. Integration has as a requirement the dialogue and the discussion. MIGRAIN allowed us to renew in our community the value of what we have done so far and, thanks to an exciting experience comparison with the European partners, to We know this is one of the hardest challenge and at Fusignano we have reintroduce and innovate our commitment for the future.

4 5 Introduction

When we were sitting with a group of our partners thinking about the idea for Globally developing problem of migration has made our societies change, being open, welcoming and hospitable they Zdzisław a new project we all agreed that migration in our communes is a big problem. are becoming more reserved, going towards radical. We should look for a formula for rational behaviours, because Some of us had a huge wave of people leaving their homes, going abroad in currently we start being afraid of every stranger. Zadworny search for a better life, others had the opposite situation, when they needed Mayor of Cieszanów to face an increasing number of foreigners coming to their towns and trying to This project is mainly aimed at showing people that inside we are all the same – humans having feelings. For many live there. nations the acts of terrorism have been a huge trauma, but we may not close ourselves. What many people keep saying – closing and recreating borders will make terrorist win. Our project should build trust We wanted to explore this topic more, to see how different municipalities and and empathy, especially in young democracies, because they still lack social maturity. organisations deal with this. However, we could not expect the situation to become so much different during just one year. Now the whole Europe has to We hope that our project has confirmed that people of different nationalities, cultural background or religion can live find a solution which seems rather impossible. It’s no longer a local problem, together but only respecting each other’s rights and beliefs. but a global one.

6 7 tive for our citizens. These are Great could expect. Our municipality pays Municipality of Cieszanów Britain, Italy, Norway, Holland and special attention to such families and Germany. We also have families who helps them here. POLAND decided to emigrate, but after some time, months or even years, come On the other hand, our commune back. This is more difficult than one is of no interest for immigrants. Al-

As many other, Poland has always been a country of migration we have faced during centuries. It must be clearly said, however, that we have experienced much more emigration than immigration. We are not a place with high social benefits or job vacancies.

After we joined EU and the borders tions that could give people jobs. ent (parents), they become nervous, got open for job-seekers, we could Thus, hundreds of people decide more fragile, more aggressive some- though our geographical position observe a huge wave of emigration to leave home, families and their times. So called “Euro-orphans”. could make us expect immigrants in search for better life, better-paid life here and look for “better luck” In the other situation, when whole who would travel across our region jobs or higher standard of life. Every abroad. This results in either fami- families emigrate, all community los- to get to some more interesting for government we have had has been lies living apart, or even more people es something. We have fewer and them places, we can observe none trying to find a good solution, a good leaving, as wives with children join fewer young people here, with few- of them. The only examples of for- means to get our citizens back, to be their husbands and they all emigrate er and fewer children born, going to eigners who have decided to come able to offer them enough to bring for a longer time. school. here, stay and settle down in our them home, which is obviously ex- In the families torn apart it is one When we look at statistical data of commune, are those who have found tremely difficult. or even both parents being abroad our municipality for last five years, on their life partners here. Our statis- The region of Cieszanów, our local (leaving the kids with grandparents). the basis of children born abroad and tics say we have only 6 people from area is mostly agricultural. There are It brings many negative effects on registered here, we can conclude Ukraine, 3 from Italy, 1 from Belarus, no factories, industries or corpora- kids. They constantly miss their par- which countries are the most attrac- 1 from Estonia and 1 from Guinea. As

8 9 they are joining families here, it is much easier for them to adapt to our life. Besides, it must be stressed that A lot of my friends go to Nor- especially people from our eastern It’s really hard for me to think After what happened in Paris way to work. It’s mainly for neighbouring countries find it easy of my daughter who has last year and what we saw in a few months, then they get back, to understand our language and cul- been in England for almost five years Brussels in March I must say I start- ture. However, for our new citizen stay at home for some time and go now, got married there to a good Pol- ed to feel really afraid now. I know from Guinea it is harder. The boy who again. I don’t like this way of life and came here with his father needed to ish man and had their baby there. I it’s prejudice against people just be- I wouldn’t like to live like that. But go to school with very little passive miss them so much. I know they have cause of their skin colour or religion, I’m lucky because I have a job here. knowledge of Polish and none of En- a better life there, they both have but I can’t change what I feel. I fear But I think it’s possible to find some glish. To make his studying possible jobs, but I envy my friends who can those who can easily pretend to be work here, people just think it’s easi- he got his assisting tutor, a teacher see their children and grandchil- someone else just to make an act of who speaks French and who has be- er there. Maybe it’s true. And talking dren often, even every day. I wish I terrorism on innocent people. And I’m come a kind of a guide for him here. about immigrants I wouldn’t like them could do something to have them glad we live in such an unattractive After half a year he can already com- to come here. We are poor region, municate quite well, has made some back, but I know I can’t expect that. corner of Poland. Of course I know even for us it’s hard to live here. I friends at school and says he likes it She’s afraid they wouldn’t find work we should somehow help refugees don’t know how we could help them, here. It is nice for us to observe him here. I’m only happy that they speak who look for a safe place to live, but where they could stay or work. here, integrating with other kids who to their son in Polish too, so he will I don’t think we have place or money do not pay much attention to other be able to talk to his granny soon. to accept all who want to come. skin colour, culture or religion. We Grzegorz Brzeszczak, can also mention the example of the Emilia Nowak, a buider Italian man who got a great idea for Monika Szczepanik, citizen of Cieszanów his own business here and opened a office worker pizzeria.

10 11 Diósd City Local Government Hungary

Diósd city was not greatly affected by immigration, this little town is situated about 15- 20 km from the capital of Hungary. Here, the migration flow that started in 2015 was not quantifiably perceptible, we mainly have foreigners who have been living here for a long time, among them Swabians, Americans and people from Transylvania.

For the American community there is and universities. ICSB is committed spiritual and social events. We also a Christian school here in Diósd, and to Christian education; students take provide many services for students, we have a German minority primary a Bible class every year, they attend including guidance and personal school as well. a weekly chapel service, and biblical counseling, a school nurse, ESL truth and a Christian worldview are instruction for non-native English International Christian School of integrated into each subject taught. speakers, and special services for Budapest (ICSB): ICSB seeks to educate the whole students with learning disabilities The International Christian School child by incorporating a wide range and special physical needs. of Budapest (ICSB) provides an of activities for students, including There are over 250 students at education in English for students programs and opportunities in the ICSB. One of the great features of in grades K-12, preparing them for fine arts (drama, music, art), athletics, the school is the international stu- entrance into North American colleges community outreach activities, and dent body; although the majority of

12 our students are children of North number of selected locations. ficult to decide who is a political and to the problem, when it turns out that showed positive attitude of humanity they want to reach West Europe, Ger- American missionaries, roughly 20% Migration processes since the 1980s: who is an economic refugee out of they cannot integrate, they cannot fit and helpfulness. We consider it im- many and the Scandinavian coun- of our students come from various Hungary participated in the global mi- thousands of people. in, they do not accept new laws and it portant that the European Union find tries. countries in Asia, and another 25% gration as an issuer, but much less as leads to conflict. It is not easy to say a common and long-term solution: To reach those countries, they have are from right here in Hungary and a host country. Today’s picture of the anything clever about this, but, above while ensuring prosperity of the peo- to get through one of the Eastern Eu- Central Europe. ICSB is truly interna- current situation is mostly clear and tional, as our students represent over presentable knowing the immigration all, the world’s major powers should ple of Europe, providing help along ropean countries like Hungary, Ser- a dozen different countries includ- processes of the past nearly three find a good solution to this issue. the core values of the Europe to peo- bia, Croatia or Bulgaria. Neither Hun- ing: Korea, Poland, Estonia, Brazil, decades. Today the issuing concept ple afflicted by war and crises. gary nor the European Union has not Bulgarian, France, India, Indonesia, is more typical of Hungary, many Anna Szucs, found the solution for this issue for a Vietnam, Australia, Canada, Ukraine, young Hungarians travel abroad to Council representative László Bogó, long time, nowdays there are so New Zealand, Germany, Madagascar, try their luck, often they plan their Mayor of the City Diósd’ many suggestions from different poli- Albania and Romania, China, Japan, future abroad. The migration to our Denmark and Hungary. country from the east greatly influ- ticians and experts, but none of them enced people’s everyday lives, many is able to answer for all part of these If we have a look at the national em- of them received the thousands of problem. Its hard to find the solution igration and immigration concerning refugees with hostility, many warm- We had to realize that neither because the immigrants come from Hungary, it was Budapest that was ly welcomed them and tried to help. Hungary nor other European an other country with different cul- greatly affected, and the cities near The country’s major powers had to countries were not prepared for such tures, religions and habits, from one the borders. The biggest migrant find a real solution to this issue. It had The issue of immigration has a huge influx of refugees. Diósd City day to another they are not able to flood in Budapest was mainly from been on for weeks, streets of Buda- become part of our lives, we did not fall yet into the direct path of assimilate. It would need more time, July to September in 2015. In this pest were filled with refugees from recently hear news about it almost period several NGOs (Non-Govern- eastern countries. Those people who the migrants, but indirectly it has also patience and lots of compromises. Immigration is a very complex every day. The ongoing situation di- mental Organizations) were trying to are fleeing from legitimate reasons come into contact with the events. issue, a man’s heart is broken vides Europeans society. However, help the immigrants, for weeks food, should be given refuge, as they came Overall, we can say that a signifi- Henrietta Huszár, to see families to flee their homeland. we are just a transit country for them, drinks and clothes were collected to this journey in the hope of a new cant part of the Hungarian people’s citizen of Diósd city and distributed by volunteers at a and safer life. Of course, it is very dif- Nevertheless, there is another side but we are still part of it. Principally

14 15 members. Special support was and is Municipality of Argenbuehl still needed to pass through the procedure for the recognition of the ref- Germany ugees’ right to asylum as laid down in the Act governing the German Asy- lum Application Procedure. Currently 34 refugees live in Argen- buehl: One Syrian and one Serbian The number of immigrants to Germany continued to increase in 2014 in comparison to family each with 4 children, 15 single 2013. All in all, there was a positive migration balance of 550,000 this being the largest men from Gambia, Nigeria and Syria and 7 unaccompanied minors from since 1992. In 2015 immigration became considerably more dynamic once more, in Afghanistan. All of them applied for particular from the middle of the year onwards. asylum but so far only the Syrian family was granted asylum. The integration efforts of the com- This was due above all to the consid- time, refugees from Iraq, Eritrea und from Gambia, Nigeria and Cameroon. bined official and voluntary support erable increase in asylum-related im- Afghanistan have good chances, too. They were welcomed by the local au- teams led to a multitude of success- migration. This development resulted There are individual acceptance quo- thorities and a voluntary refugee sup- es: Regarding the first 13 refugees, in approx. 1,100,000 refugees to the tas for the Federal Lands (Länder): port team. Living in a lodging facility 9 of them got the chance to take up end of 2015. Thereof 476,649 asylum These define what percentage of in Goettlishofen, one of six villages of work and moved into flats of their applications had been filed. asylum applicants each Federal Argenbuehl, the initial cultural orien- own in the cities of Wangen, Isny and In the first quarter 2016 the number Land is obliged to take. In 2015 the tation and learning German started Ravensburg, cities in the vicinity of of refugees decreased to approx- distribution quota for Federal Land very soon. In addition the integration Argenbuehl. In the meantime 2 more imately 174,000 mainly due to the “Baden-Wuerttemberg” in which Ar- process comprised sporting activities single men have own apartments; the closing of the Western Balkan Route. genbuehl is located amounted to (i. e. soccer, volleyball, etc.), voluntary families got their own flats and school Normally refugees from Syria (ma- 13%. In December 2013 Argenbuehl work, cooking events and “Come attendance for children had been or- jority) are granted asylum in a short received its first 13 male refugees together evenings” with community ganized.

16 17 Since jobs for our refugees are accel- tributed over the villages Eglofs and ditions in our countries. completed their integration courses from homesickness. I go to school, David Dacosta, erators in the integration process, the Eisenharz. Additional local voluntary Challenges associated with migra- successfully, got their driver’s license learn German as well as mathematics asylum seeker focus of our voluntary support teams support teams have been estab- tion will be part of our lives as long and will start an apprenticeship. and computer science and also got is to network with the local industry, lished recently. They are supported as the causes of migration will not Others attend preparatory courses a work placement. The people here crafts enterprises, food & beverage by professional social workers. be eliminated. at the vocational school. Many say are friendly and helpful. That makes companies and, as an example, with they want to return at a later date. my actual life easier. residential homes for elderly. Three Alfons Kempter, of the refugees are going to start deputy chairman of the catholic Lieselotte Adam Reiplinger, an apprenticeship as assistant of el- parish asylum assistant derly care nurse in September, combined with a concentrated German The discussion on the recep- language course. Further refugees tion of refugees requires us will start an apprenticeship as baker, Christians a clear stance. The com- painter and one is looking for an ap- mandment to charity is an explicit prenticeship in the chemical biology. mandate to look after the needy. Based on the conviction that My home country is ruled by Jobs for unskilled workers are im- When in recent years asylum seek- you have to help people in a dictatorial regime. It is not portant as well. ers from Africa and Afghanistan were need, I have been working for years safe and freedom of speech is not In January 2016 the integration cours- housed here, a considerable number as a volunteer for our refugees in the given. That is why I decided to leave es have been expanded by language of allies were found, who took care of community and have made most- it. Migration is something normal and courses concerning literacy skills and the integration of migrants in an ex- ly good experiences. While part of is to be found worldwide. As a victim medium beginner level. All conduct- emplary way. During joint sports and them are well provided with univer- of a terrible political system I hope to ed by experienced language teach- work assignments serving the public sity degrees (e. g. business adminis- be allowed to stay here. Life in Eu- ers with special integration skills. good, I had the chance to get to know tration, journalism, computer science, rope is not easy. I was used to always In the coming weeks Argenbuehl will their helpfulness, kindness and grat- teacher, guide etc.) in contrast, there be outside, to meet people and talk. expect approximately 40 more refu- itude. They are people like us, who are other extremes that are barely But here, people are mostly in their gees. Accommodation facilities have due to unbearable living conditions in literate. Almost all want to work here homes. been finished in the meantime, dis- their homeland hope for livable con- and earn money. Many have now Far away from my family I often suffer

18 1219 and residence system, including bet- Municipality of Lokrus ter access to self-employment and family reunion procedure Greece At national, regional and local level, several policies and strategies that promote the social, economic and cultural inclusion of migrants within existing legal frameworks in coun- Greece has been traditionally one of the most important emigration countries following the tries of destination, are taking place. Second World War. National emigration flows lasted from 1952 to the mid 1970s. During Their focus is on the development of strategies that help migrants and the 1980s, Greece became a transit country for Eastern Europeans, Middle Easterners and their families better integrate into Africans. new communities at local level as well as assisting receiving communities to recognize the positive contri- As from 2007, the number of irregular proximately 85% of all the detections programmes have been adopted: in butions that migrants can make. migrants and asylum seekers arriving of illegal border crossing at the EU 1998, in 2001 and in 2005, a small- Therefore, local authorities in Greece in Greece by boat (from several coun- level. er informal amnesty programme has are the key actors in the implemen- tries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, Greek migration policies in the 1990s also been introduced in 2007). Inte- tation of social integration actions, Iraq, Afghanistan, etc) through the and 2000s have largely been char- gration measures have been mostly according to the national legislation, Aegean Sea, increased significantly. acterized by a reactive approach on paper but in practice rather mini- the Law 3463/2006 and the Law However, as from 2010, a shift from to irregular migration and informal mal, mainly at local and regional con- 3852/2010. the sea to the land border has taken employment in the country’s black text. The main axes of their activities for place, resulting in increased illegal market economy. The main legisla- In 2014, the new Greek Immigration social integration at local level are border-crossings at the Greek land tive measures for normalizing the Code (the Law 4251/2014) trans- the following: border with Turkey, which constitute migration situation have been reg- posed in Greece the EU laws in ways - Actions on the legality of their stay- (according to the data of 2015) ap- ularization programmes (three such to make more flexible legal migration ing and employment, according to

20 12 the national legislation, as well as le- which is competent for the identifi- tolerance to different cultural realities sional world, in education, in health, tial, as well as the demand of a com- gal and administrative support for the cation, promotion and follow up of and provides support to immigrants’ and generally, in all aspects of life. Let mon EU policy and the perspective of completion of the procedures. the needs and problems immigrants struggle to survive, as well as human us not forget that Greeks know well politically including all the ones who - Actions on the improvement of ser- face in everyday life and collaborates aid and free education. Greek hos- what it feels like to be forced to aban- are indispensable to our country. vices provided (such as training pro- closely with the Local Council. pitality and Xenius Zeus are not fig- don one’s homeland in order to sur- grammes, social and psychological ments of mythology, they are indeed vive and depart for an unknown land. Petros Petrou, support, counseling programmes on traits of the contemporary Greeks. school director i employment and entrepreneurship) Gianna Passa, addressed to migrants and their fam- Anna Papapanagiotou, citizen ilies. The socio-economic issue psychologist - Actions for the active involvement of immigration is a vivid re- and participation in social life of mi- ality in contemporary Greece and grants and their families, such as the consequently, our local societies. Im- Immigration is a social phe- organization and the participation of migrants are fully included and take nomenon which differen- migrants in the School for the Greek part in all economic, cultural and so- History has proven that im- tiates itself from society to society Language. cial activities of our country. They are migration has always been and from time to time, affecting in - Awareness raising actions. primarily motivated by the need to a challenge for Greece. Even nowa- parallel peoples’ attitudes towards - Social support for social integration survive, but they also aim at succeed- days, due to the conflicts in the Mid- immigrants. Greece, which used to such as municipal social structures ing. It is important to stress that im- dle East, our country has to play a be a country exporting migrants, has open to all: migrants had not been prepared from vital role in the management of immi- now been transformed into a coun- • Counseling centers the beginning to adjust to the cus- gration. It is a fact that the economic try hosting immigrants, and lately, • Nurseries toms, the rules and the regulations crisis in Greece has not influenced in refugees. The immigration issue is • Open Centers for Elderly People of the Greek state. This fact proves a negative way the stance of Greek difficult to manage and solve and it - The establishment of Local Councils that they have eventually been large- people towards immigrants. I believe requires careful handling, based on of Migrants: Since 2011, in the Munic- ly included in the country where they that as years go by, Greeks become human dignity, respect to difference, ipality of Locroi, we have established live, Greece. Greece is not a racist more tolerant and immigrants’ inclu- reinforcing citizens’ feeling of safety, the Local Council of Immigrants country; on the contrary, it exhibits sion becomes evident in the profes- being aware of the economic poten-

22 23 to the City Council of the Municipality needs of individuals and families. at promoting the integration of mi- Municipality of Forlì with the right to speak. Propelled by the guiding principles grants. The Centre is managed by the The Municipality operates through of accessibility, integration and part- Coop Dialogos (a social co-operative) Italy the “Integration Services Centre” nership, CSI has been set up to sup- in agreement with the Municipality (CSI) which provides a spectrum of port and strengthen individuals and of Forlì and, as part of a “System of services to address the multifarious families by delivering services aimed Services”, it works in strict connection

Forlì is the capital of the Province of Forlì-Cesena and has about 118.000 inhabitants. The foreigners residing in Forlì until 1 January 2015 were 14.392 thus representing 12.2% of the resident population. The largest foreign community is the one from Romania comprising 21.6% of all the foreigners located on the territory, followed by Albania (13.7%) and by People’s Republic of China (11.9%), accordingly with the presence of foreigners in the Emilia Romagna territory.

The Municipality of Forlì is engaged tration believes that inclusion means of Forlì in the life of institutions and in promoting policies aimed to im- participation to local policies and civil society, the encounter and dia- prove the quality of life of its native in 1997 the Municipality created the logue between people of different citizens but also to allow the social “Foreign Citizens’ Local Council”. cultures. It is an opportunity for indi- integration of foreigner residents. It is a representative body of the legal viduals and groups of foreigners of Several organizations and activities residents living in the town of Forlì. It exchanging information and opinions have been created and/or are man- aims to encourage the participation and of aggregation. The President aged by the Municipality of Forli’ to of foreign nationals and stateless and the Vice president of the foreign foster integration. The Local Adminis- persons residing in the Municipality citizens’ Local Council can take part

24 1225 with the resources of the territory. It is logue needs to be further developed these students were born in Forlì. whole family unit. Migrants requests tional situation and the new wave of why the Council is asking the City of a reference point for monitoring and and it is fundamental for a more com- The future is living togheter, this is are more complex now, they focus on immigration. Expecially now some Forlì to simplify them. promoting social integration. plex society, thanks to people com- the only way, as the daily news show. school and training integration, social people come to our office for job and CSI works closely to social, health- ing from different social contexts that This is a part of our everyday life. In- and cultural inclusion. Migrants have couselling on the procedures in order Huang Qiying, care and educational institutions; its need to find a mutual forms of aware- clusion is the answer, starting from the chance to emerge as active sub- to obtain the residence permit which President of the Foreign Citizens’ key areas are: Legal affairs, Recruit- ness and recognition. elementary classrooms up to high jects in society, joining the city life, are quite long and complex. That is Local Council ment, Family (counselling), Participa- school, involving children and young able to offer their own contribution. tion, Housing. With regard to the Migrain Project, the people, integration can be improved Any migrant individuals or families Municipality hosted the 4° meeting, and cultivated and it is feasible in ev- Fulvia Fabbri can approach the centre for enquiry in collaboration with the local Peace eryday life, sharing projects, ideas Coordinator of Educational Intercul- / assistance. Centre, during which the partner del- and dreams. tural Projects, Coop Dialogos egations had the occasion to meet Furthermore the CSI coordinates the several associations and the lo- Raoul Mosconi, projects for international protection cal authorities working with migrants City Councillor for Welfare of the Mu- (SPRAR) and foreign unaccompanied on the territory, and the members of nicipality of Forlì Minors (MSNA), “The Jasmine house”, the Foreign Citizens’ Local Council, for immigrant women and meeting and to attend the 2015 edition of the Living in Forlì has been a places and youth centers for young Peace March of Romagna. good experience for me and people/minors. my family. Some years ago one of Welcoming foreigners in our my relatives arrived in Forlì and af- An important best practice is the society has evolved in the terwards I arrived with my family and multilingual periodical “Signs and last few years. At the beginning the friends. I have my own activity and I Dreams” (in Italian “Segni e Sogni”, services offered information in order work respecting the Italian laws. As which does not belong to a specific There are 3098 foreign stu- to help for visa and residence per- the present president of the Foreign community but it addresses to a “new dents in Forlì schools, out mits, and information for housing and Citizens’ Local Council and I realize social community”. of an overall young population of recruitments. The welcome model is that immigrants are facing important Nevertheless the intercultural dia- 22.000 under 18 years old. 1.908 of now a process of integration of the problems linked to the economic na-

26 27 Municipality of Fusignano Italy

The Municipality of Fusignano manages its integration policies in cooperation with other eight neighboring municipalities through the Union of Municipalities of Bassa Romagna. In particular, the integration of the foreign people has been put in an educational service for young people (called Servizio Interarea Educativo Sociale Giovani) with the explicit intent of debating the students’ inclusion policy for the stranger population.

The Union has a 12% of foreign pop- The data about the attendance of 25,15% in Conselice. ulation, even though within the terri- foreigner students in the Union’s The inclusion process done in Bassa tory there are huge differences, re- educational institutes (1618 foreign- Romagna starts from these numbers. garding both the percentages, with ers out of 7999) follows the general The best practices for the integra- a range from the 8,23% in Cotignola trend of the foreigner population, tion which characterized the territory up to the 17,45 in Massalombarda, and it reveals that an average of the started from the education process and the composition, where the Ro- 20,75% of the foreigner population is and they live thanks to a network manian community is the largest, fol- generally young and young children. agreement done in the last decade lowed by the Moroccan and the Al- Regarding the students, the range and renewed year by year. A proto- banian. goes from 14,06% in Alfonsine to the col for welcome is applied in every

28 12 school for every new arrival and it training for teachers and methods to which needs more to vanquish the stop the desperation of people es- goes from the evaluation and the connect procedures and best practic- language barrier and to continue suc- caping from home. development of the students’ skills es. It has been positioned intentional- cessfully on the integration and inclu- to the needed support for the usage ly with the range of CSC of the Raven- sion process within a new country. Kibir Achraf, The immigration is an inter- of the italian language as a studying na’s province, a centre approved by Fusignano citizen national socio-economic ph- language. It’s no coincidence that the italian law L.R. 12/2003, called enomenon. It’s part of the human the agreement has been called “Wel- “Rules for the equal opportunities to history. It’s an event that has always fare at school (Star bene a scuola): access the knowledge, for everybody brought an improvement. If the from the welcome to the integration, and for the whole lifetime, through The legal and regulated im- immigrants respect the ways of a through the educational success and the reinforcement of the education migration is a physiological The big changes we live need good integration and the local citizen wellness.” and the professional training, also by event. The abnormal immigrant wave to be faced with awareness accepts the new arrival as an added The agreement goes beyond the the integration between them”. The we are witnessing is certainly patho- and knowledge to avoid to simply value, both in a socio-economic and school time and degree and it con- centre office is currently in the new- logical, due to the tragic situation in suffer them. The people migration is a religious/cultural level, the society nects different institutes, rationalising born CPIA - Provincial Adult Educa- the middle-east. Opportunities like a phenomenon that we need to take can only take advantage of the resources and competences. This is tion Centre in the Ravenna Area. the Migrain project have the power to on also in our local territories and diversification. The community must made available for all the families in connect the political, social and eco- towns. I think it’s crucial to get it as a open to the dialogue. Only this way the thorny situation of the arrival and There are also services mainly fo- nomic authorities similar to each oth- challenge and an opportunity. Many we can solve all the question marks integration in a new context, not only cused on the adulthood and tied to er, allowing a mutual best practices’ cultures, many traditions and differ- and create a fertile ground for the scholastic. the integration need of the women assimilation. This is currently one of ent way of thinking can be a treasure mutual respect. population, called Spazio Donna. the main limit that the “non-political” if we build a method to dialogue and The “Star bene a scuola” agreement Moreover, the immigration helpdesk EU still has. not to argue. The discussion is im- Hamel Reduoane l, finances and plans mediation and fa- works to facilitate the regular stay of On one hand the different delega- portant to let me learn the awareness Fusignano citizen cilitation works, collective classes to the migrant people and to support the tions have proposed several solu- of my identity. support the L2 italian level to be used procedure of their residence permit tions for integration, but on the other as a studying language, labs to im- application. Other activities directed hand it was revealed a unanimous don Marco Corradini, prove the cultural and social inclusion to the literacy teaching are focused verification that abdicating to the Fusignano Parish Priest of migrant students and their families, on the range of the migrant people democratic occidental values will not

12 31 Municipality of Aheloy Bulgaria

In the autumn of 2013 Bulgaria was unexpected, unforeseen and uncontrollable migration from the Middle East, mainly from Syria, torn by conflict with elements of civil, ethnic and religious war. Republic of Bulgaria proved unprepared to meet more than 7000 human beings seeking protection, food and shelter. It was built facilities to accommodate over 6000 people.

Conditions have been created to for issuing registration cards and number of decisions. meet the needs of persons accom- the optimum flow of procedures for Our country has limited financial diffi- modated (sanitation, basic utilities, granting protection, which helped to culties, to provide doctors, teachers, meals), medical care and access to increase the efficiency and quality of social workers, potential labor mar- the procedure for granting asylum. production in examining applications ket, etc. There were telecommunication con- for protection. There was an analysis At this point the refugee flow is not nections with all accommodation and and were organized activities asso- so great, because Bulgaria is not the was provided the necessary equip- ciated with ruling on asylum appli- place where these people want to ment to conduct the initial registra- cations, which significantly shorten stay. They use Bulgaria as a spring- tion of persons seeking protection production time and increase the board for crossing the territories of

32 1233 the rich European countries. This is an information center for immigrants. Aheloy, Bulgaria, where there are ily. And when my husband retired, the reason Bulgaria not to have so His contingent on legally resident for- some wonderful weather. We have a finally moved to Bulgaria. Here we developed policies and strategies re- eigners, the status of continuous res- home and a business. We are well ac- like, like us humans, we like the sea lated to immigrants. idence in Bulgaria. cepted by the locals. However, now and the sun, there is not no bustle of Aheloy is small and quiet resort town The aim of this center is its maximum we live in a united Europe. the big city. Gone gray skies and cold on the Black Sea. There are many activity to facilitate their integration in weather, which left Russia. We love mild winters and cool summers, mak- Bulgaria, increasing the knowledge Konstantin Tishkevich, Bulgaria “. ing it pleasant and desirable place to of immigrants about their rights and citizen Aheloy live and relax. Aheloy has a marina obligations in Bulgaria, supporting Yulia Subbotina, suitable for sheltering fishing boats the access of immigrants to institu- citizen Aheloy and the sailing and motor yachts. The tions labor and business orientation, main livelihood on tourism and agri- the conditions for legal employment culture. Our city hosts many cultural and access to the labor market. events - festivals, competitions and Stimulating the inclusion of migrants For the first time I and the concerts. Here on 20th August 917 and their communities in socio-eco- children came to Bulgaria in years. It has held one of the greatest nomic and public life at the local lev- 2012. We were staying in an apart- Today certainly live in very battles in the Middle Ages - Aheloy. el. ment near the sea. For two months interesting times. Todaym, The city we reside mainly citizens the children grew up and strength- the world is becoming a “global of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Po- ened. Throughout our stay rain rained village”. And each one can choose land, which have good financial only once, all the time was sunny and where in this great village to be condition and homeowners who live warm. Since then, every summer we his home. I chose my home is here year-round. They integrate very well came on vacation and decided to in Aheloy. Wonderful climate and among the population, their children In Aheloy I am 3 years old. I stay for a long time. But to do this we nearby cultures facilitate mu choice. attend the local school, and their par- am from Minsk City - Belarus. had to work and children going to ents have their own business. Chernobyl gave its reflection of life school. My choice was Aheloy there Tamara Vasilievna, The municipality of Burgas, part of and our health in our country and found a good school for children and citizen Aheloy which is Aheloy, since 2009 has built that is why we chose to live here in a small apartment for the whole fam-

34 35 bedded in the psyche of Transylva- Municipality of Lupeni nian peoples over the past century and a half. It has evolved as the main Romania avenue for upward mobility through the accumulation of capital – financial and social. Thus the propensity for migration is high and there is a general responsiveness to the op- During the past one hundred years Romania was predominantly a country of emigration, portunities for moving whenever they with a rather impressive record regarding the number of persons involved, the outcomes occur. At times these opportunities have come from within the region it- and the varieties of migratory arrangements. self or the wider Transylvania region, as in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is noticeable that in the 20th cen- a safer and better life in those states. ed another impetus for Romanians to tury a considerable part of the migra- Political violence and deprivation search for employment abroad. The It is common for migrants to return tory flows was directly or indirectly generated by a largely ineffective economic transition precipitated a to their Transylvania for periodic or connected with ethnic minorities, a and authoritarian administration rep- rather drastic and lasting decline in regular visits over a prolonged time type of migration largely characteris- resented another cause for flight and the number of jobs available in the before remaining indefinitely. Even tic for other countries of Central and emigration for a large number of Ro- domestic labour market, and at least then, many such persons continue to Southeastern Europe. These minori- manians during and immediately af- two million Romanians moved abroad go back to the county of former resi- ties were not simply refugees: they ter the demise of the Communist era. as a result. dence for varying periods of time. moved to states to which they had The slow and socially burdensome The population loss caused by these historical ties (e.g. Germany , Hunga- transition from a centrally planned waves of emigration has started to Intra-regional and extra-regional mi- ry), both in reaction to general and economy to an effectively function- negatively impact the further devel- grants are neither the least educated ethnic-based discrimination in Ro- ing market economy (over the past opment of the Romanian economy. of the society, nor the poorest and mania, and because they hoped for one and a half decades) has provid- Migration has become deeply em- least employable. Migration is highly

36 37 selective in all its aspects and at all space for the mobility of other people port our own abroad. this unprecedented emigration of my nians, don’t see these opportunities its locations – the places of origin already in the system and an oppor- Tamás Jácinta, people. While questioning this con- and consequently don’t know how to and destination. As a consequence, tunity to encourage new in-migration. Tourism professionals Benedek Sándor, cept, ironically, I found an important take advantage of them. there is a tendency for Transylvania There is much to be gained from the Roman Catholic priest answer in what expressly many Brit- to lose a disproportionate number fresh input of immigrants and the ish people do here, in Romania. Kovács Lehel, of educated and skilled persons commitment of returning nationals, Prince Charles’ love for Romania, Mayor of Lupeni through migration, with a potentially provided that they enter an environ- particularly for Transylvania, had a negative impact upon small, development within which they can effective- positive impact on me from the out- ing towns, villages. The loss of skilled ly participate and to which they can Sometimes those who stay in set. Following the news, I discovered persons from Transylvania results in usefully contribute. Transylvania envy those who One big issue in the relation- much more. I found that the Prince’s the need to fill high level occupa- leave. And sometimes those who ship between Romania and activities here had awoken the in- tional vacancies from other migrants, go return later and resent the fact the Western states is the migration of terest of many British people in the either from other parts of the region that people who stayed may have Romanians to the richest countries of beauties of Transylvania, its rich land- or outside. The pattern that emerg- prospered. There are all sorts of em- the European Union. scapes, the ancestral traditions and es appears to reflect movement be- igrants. Emigration continues. It is dif- The gravest problem is the emigra- its clear, fresh mountain air. tween countries in a developmental Emigration, combined with ficult to know how reliable statistics tion of the young and since Hungary’s Many British people began to associ- hierarchy to be sure, but this must not an ageing population, will are as an indicator of what is really law on dual citizenship went into ef- ate more than Dracula with the coun- be interpreted in a simplistic way to likely make Romania turn to labour happening. fect emigration has risen. At least 25 try, seeing it not as a wasteland in- suggest mono-causal explanations immigration in the future. Here the And it is remarkable how many for- persons emigrated from our village habited by vampires, on the contrary, for the pattern of movement. The is- country will face considerable chal- eigners continue to come to Transyl- over the past 2.5 years. The moment a piece of earthy paradise. sue is whether the overall migration lenges, from finding a way of man- vania even as Transylvanian people they get their Hungarian passport I found that many of expats, most- process produces a net loss or net aging – and perhaps reversing – the leave. So it is good that projects such that entitles them to work anywhere ly British, who live in Romania, have gain for the countries affected. outflow of workers to developing pol- as this are providing a platform from in the European Union, they hit the a good understanding of the main icies for managing the reception and which emigrants can be heard. roads and don’t even think of settling economical and social problems that The out-migration of skilled nationals integration of large numbers of immi- Because unless we listen to emi- in Hungary. Romania is confronting, but they also need not be regarded as a net loss grants, an area in which it has little grants then we will not know what is- As a result, I began to focus more on recognize the huge opportunities the to the sending country if it can create experience. sues they face and how best to sup- the social and economical results of country offers. Often we, the Roma-

38 39 kapcsolatos határozott álláspontját aus Syrien und Serbien mit jeweils -δράσεις για την εξασφάλιση της Summary in national languages Magyarország kormánya a jövőben 4 Kindern, 15 jungen Männern aus νομιμότητας για την παραμονή is fenntartja, azonban hosszú idő Syrien, Gambia und Nigeria und 7 και την εργασία των αλλοδαπών kell még ahhoz, hogy megoldódjon a unbegleitete Jugendliche aus Af- κατοίκων που αποτελεί προϋπόθεση położenie geograficzne można się nem a befogadó országok közé hazánkból történő kivándorlás. ghanistan. Sowohl behördliche als για κάθε περαιτέρω προσπάθεια POLISH spodziewać fali migracyjnej tych, tartozik, hazánkban csak „átut- auch freiwillige Helfer haben sehr κοινωνικής ένταξης, którzy pragną dostać się dalej na azóban” vannak a bevándorlók, így zu den Integrationserfolgen beiget- -δράσεις για την αναβάθμιση και zachód, nie obserwujemy takiego mi is, hasonlóan más szomszédos ragen: Vielen Asylanten konnte eine βελτίωση των υπηρεσιών προς Cieszanów, nasz region i okolice to zjawiska. W naszej gminie mieszka országokhoz úgynevezett tranzit Arbeit, eine Ausbildung und eine ei- τους τοπικούς πληθυσμούς των tereny głównie rolnicze. Nie ma tu kilkoro obcokrajowców, którzy przy- ország vagyunk. Magyarország- GERMAN gene Wohnung vermittelt werden. αλλοδαπών ώστε να αρθούν οι żadnych fabryk, dużych zakładów jechali tu dla swoich partnerów i za- nak a menekültpolitikai kérdéssel In den kommenden Wochen werden λόγοι της κοινωνικής ευπάθειας pracy czy korporacji, które dałyby adaptowali się do nowego środowis- kapcsolatosan határozott fellépései, weitere 40 Flüchtlinge nach Argen- (δράσεις κατάρτισης και υπηρεσίες ludziom pracę. Nie jesteśmy tere- ka. elképzelései voltak, ami a beván- Im Jahr 2015 kamen ca. 1,1 Millionen bühl kommen. Die Unterkünfte sind ψυχοκοινωνικής στήριξης και nem, który przyciąga ludzi, czy to z dorlást illeti, 2015-ös évben lezajlott Flüchtlinge nach Deutschland. Der fertiggestellt und die neuen Helfer- προώθησης στην απασχόληση), innych terenów Polski, czy z zagrani- menekültáradat kérdését viszonylag rasante Anstieg zu den Vorjahren kreise gegründet. - δράσεις για την ενεργοποίηση των cy. Kiedy Polska została członkiem gyorsan és hatékonyan megoldotta wurde durch Asylanten verursacht, ίδιων ώστε μέσω της αυτοοργάνωσης Unii Europejskiej i otworzyły się dla Magyarország kormánya. Azonban was an den 476.649 eingereichten και της συμμετοχής (ενθάρρυνση nas granice mnóstwo młodych ludzi HUNGARIAN nem csak a Közel-Keletről érkező Asylanträgen deutlich wird. Im αυτοοργάνωσης, δημιουργία zaczęło wyjeżdżać w poszukiwaniu bevándorlás kérdése nagy problé- ersten Quartal 2016 nahm der GREEK τοπικών συμβουλίων μεταναστών), lepszego bytu. Cierpią na tym rodz- ma hazánkban, hanem az itt élők Zustrom an Flüchtlingen deutlich auf να αποκτήσουν αυτοπεποίθηση και iny, najbardziej dzieci, które zostają Az Európába irányuló bevándorlás külföldre költözése is óriási gondot 174.000 ab. Flüchtlinge aus Syrien να απελευθερώσουν τα δημιουργικά tutaj, a tęsknota za rodzicem utrud- formájától függetlenül mindenna- fog okozni hosszú távon. Napjaink- bekommen in der Regel nach kurzer Οι δράσεις που αναπτύσει η ΤΑ στοιχεία που διαθέτουν, nia im codzienne funkcjonowanie. pos jelenség, lehet az gazdasági- ban rengeteg fiatal próbál szer- Zeit Asyl. στην Ελλάδα για την προώθηση -δράσεις για την ευαισθητοποίηση Najbardziej popularnymi krajami dla vagy politikai okokból. Jellemzően encsét külföldön és hasonlóan a Die ersten 13 Flüchtlinge kamen im της κοινωνικής ενσωμάτωσης των του ευρύτερου κοινωνικού naszych mieszkańców są Wielka Bry- Nyugat-Európa a célállomása a hozzánk érkező bevándorlókhoz, a Dezember 2013 nach Argenbühl. Zu- πολιτών που προέρχονται από περιβάλλοντος και την άρση των tania, Włochy, Norwegia, Holandia ki-és bevándorlóknak, a jobb élet nyugati országokat tűzik ki célál- rzeit sind es 34 Flüchtlinge, die alle τρίτες χώρες διαμορφώνονται στους προκαταλήψεων και των αρνητικών i Niemcy. Mimo, że poprzez nasze reményében bízva. Magyarország lomásnak. A menekültpolitikával Asyl beantragt haben: Eine Familie παρακάτω άξονες: στερεοτύπων για τους αλλοδαπούς

40 41 κατοίκους. continuă să se întoarcă în fosta stranieri, seguita dalla comunità Al- “Segni e Sogni”, che si rivolge ad una di accoglienza che le scuole di ogni храна и подслон. reședință pentru diverse perioade de banese e Cinese. L’Amministrazione “nuova comunità sociale”. ordine e grado applicano all’arrivo di Изградени бяха телекомуни- timp. Migrația fortei de munca cal- ha istituito nel 1997 la Consulta dei Il Comune di Fusignano gestisce le un nuovo alunno, nella valutazione e кационни връзки с всички места ificată nu trebuie să fie considerată Cittadini stranieri, organo consultivo proprie politiche per l’integrazione in valorizzazione delle sue competenze за настаняване и беше осигурено ROMANIAN ca o pierdere netă în țara de origine rappresentativo della comunità stra- cooperazione con altri 8 comuni adia- fino al necessario supporto all’utiliz- необходимото техническо în cazul în care se poate crea spațiu niera residente. I servizi rivolti agli centi attraverso l’Unione dei Comuni zo della lingua italiana come lingua оборудване за провеждане на pentru mobilitatea altor persoane immigrati sono coordinati dal Cen- della Bassa Romagna. In particolare, di studio, un accordo che non a caso първоначална регистрация на Migrația a devenit adânc înrădăci- existente deja în sistem și o oportu- tro Servizi per l’Integrazione (CSI), l’integrazione dei cittadini stranieri è porta il nome “Star Bene a Scuola”. лицата, търсещи закрила, за nată în psihicul popoarelor din Tran- nitate de a încuraja migrația în țară. gestito dalla Coop Dialogos, in con- stata inserita all’interno del Servizio издаване на регистрационни silvania în ultimul secolul și jumătate. Este mult de câștigat din contribuția venzione con il Comune, che si pone Interarea Educativo Sociale Giovani. карти и за оптимално протичане Ea a evoluat ca bulevardul principal proaspătă a imigranților și angaja- come “Sistema di Servizi” offrendo L’Unione conta una percentuale di на процедурите по предоставяне pentru mobilitate ascendentă prin mentul cetățenilor care se întorc, cu un accompagnamento continuativo popolazione straniera che si attes- BULGARIAN на закрила, което спомогна за acumularea de capital - financiar și condiția ca acestea să intre într-un nel tempo e lavorando in rete con ta al 12%. Il dato della presenza di повишаване ефективността и social. Astfel, tendinta de migrare mediu în care pot participa efectiv și altri soggetti del territorio che op- alunni stranieri all’interno degli Isti- качеството на производството este mare și există o reacție gener- la care aceștia pot contribui în mod erano in ambito sociale, sanitario o tuti Comprensivi Statali dell’Unione, при разглеждане на молбите за ală a posibilităților de mișcare ori de util. educativo. 1618 alunni stranieri su 7999 alun- През есента на 2013 г. България закрила. câte ori acestea apar. În trecut aces- Il CSI si occupa anche del servizio di ni complessivi, ricalca in gran parte стана обект на непредвиден, Към този момент бежанския te oportunități au venit din interiorul accoglienza per i rifugiati ed i minori il dato generale della popolazione непрогнозиран и неуправляем поток не е толкова голям, regiunii în sine sau întreaga regiune non accompagnati e segue interven- straniera. E’ da queste cifre che par- миграционен поток откъм поради факта, че България a Transilvaniei, la fel ca în sfârșitul ITALIAN ti per target specifici come “La Casa te il processo di inclusione messo in Близкия Изток и главно от Сирия, не е мястото,където тези secolului XIX și începutul anilor se- del Gelsomino”, un luogo di incontro atto in Bassa Romagna, dai banchi разкъсвана от военен конфликт хора желаят да останат за colului XX . Este comun pentru mi- dedicato alle donne e centri educa- di scuola partono le buoni prassi di с елементи на гражданска, постоянно.Това е причина в granți că se întoarc în Transilvania, Il Comune di Forlì ha circa 118.000 tivi e giovanili per minori/adolescen- integrazione che connotano questo етническа и религиозна война. България да нямаме толкова pentru vizitele periodice sau regulate abitanti, la popolazione straniera è ti, realizzati insieme a istituzioni sco- territorio, da un accordo di rete che Република България се оказа развити политики и стратегии, pe o perioadă prelungită înainte de di circa 14.000 persone e la comunità lastiche e formative locali. affonda le radici nel decennio scorso неподготвена да посрещне свързани с имигрантите. a rămane pe termen nelimitat. Chiar più numerosa è quella Romena con Importante per il dialogo multi- e che di anno in anno viene rinnova- повече от 7 000 човешки Град Ахелой е малко и спокойно și atunci, multe astfel de persoane 21,6% di presenze sul totale degli culturale è il periodico multilingue to e consolidato, nasce un protocollo същества, търсещи закрила, курортно градче на брега на

42 43 Черно море. Има много мека зима и хладно лято, което го прави приятно и желано място за живеене и отдих. Тук на 20- ти август 917 год. се е състояла една от най-великите битки през Средновековието – Ахелойската. На територията на града ни пребивават основно граждани на Русия, Беларус, Украйна и Полша , които имат добро финансово състояние и са собственици на жилища , които обитават целогодишно. На територията на община Бургас, част от която е и град Ахелой , от 2009г има изграден информационен център за имигранти. Негов контингент за законно пребиваващи чужденци , със статут на продължително пребиваване в България.