Blendworth Conservation Area Study and Character Appraisal

East District Council Published: March 2007

Status of Conservation Area Character Appraisal Purpose and Objectives of a Conservation Area Character Appraisal The purpose of a Conservation Area Character Appraisal is to; ‘clearly identify what it is about the character or appearance of the area which should be preserved or enhanced, and set out the means Ordnance Survey Statement by which that objective is to be Status pursued’, and it is hoped that ‘clear District Council has The Ordnance Survey map data assessment and definition of an formally designated the included within this publication is areas special interest and the action Blendworth Conservation Area provided by East Hampshire District needed to protect it will help to Boundary. The Character Appraisal Council under licence from the generate awareness and encourage is non statutory planning guidance, Ordnance Survey in order to fulfill local property owners to take the which acts as an additional guide to its public function to act as a right sort of action for themselves’. the policies in the adopted East planning authority. Persons viewing (PPG15.4.9) Hampshire District Council Local the mapping should contact Ordnance Survey copyright for The aim of this Conservation Area Plan: Second Review March 2006. In Character Appraisal is to: this respect the Appraisal can aid in advice where they wish to licence the determination of planning Ordnance Survey map data for their • Improve the understanding of applications by this Authority and own use. the history and the historical in its defence of its decisions at context, of this area of East appeal. Hampshire; Area Character Appraisals • Generate awareness of exactly A Conservation Area is defined as what it is about the Conservation Area an ‘area of special architectural or Conservation Area that makes ‘it Boundary & Controls historic interest the character of of special interest’; Applying which it is desirable to preserve or • Provide residents with a clear enhance’. Designation ‘provides the idea of what it is about the The adopted Guidance contains a basis for policies designed to Conservation Area that should number of recommendations. preserve or enhance all the aspects be cared for and preserved; of character and appearance that Conservation Area Boundary define an areas special interest’ • Provide residents with a clear idea of what enhancements Blendworth Conservation Area (Section 69(1)(a)) could be made to the boundary was designated by East East Hampshire District Council is Conservation Area; Hampshire District Council on 9th therefore required by law to November 2004. protect designated areas from any • Provide East Hampshire Planning Department with a valuable tool Dates and Statistics alterations or development that would adversely affect their with which to inform its All dates and statistics are correct character and appearance. planning practice and policies on date of publication. Future for the area. amendments to text will be made The Civic Amenities Act of 1967 in an appendix. introduced Conservation Areas in the .

Blendworth Front cover photograph 2 Conservation Area Holy Trinity Church Blendworth Conservation Area

1 Contents Page 1 Introduction 4 2 Historical development 5 3 Character Appraisal 8 - Topography, views and vistas - Use and activity - Overview of roads, buildings and architecture - Materials and detailing 4 Pressures, issues and threats 10 2 5 Enhancements and improvements 11 6 Summary 12 - Local character 7 Design Palette 13 Appendices 14

Acknowledgements Parish Council and the ‘Village Design Statement’ Local Residents

1 - Yew tree cottages and 3 Myrtle Cottage Blendworth 2 - View across the field from the north of Blendworth Conservation Area 3 1 Introduction

3 The Blendworth Listed Buildings Conservation Area Blendworth currently has two listed Blendworth Conservation Area was buildings within its Conservation designated on 9th November 2004. Area: There are no current plans to alter • Cadlington House, grade II the existing boundaries which are • Holy Trinity Church, grade II set out in the map referred to in appendix 3. These buildings are considered to be of special architectural or historic interest on a national scale. It is the policy of the Council to identify those buildings that are important to the character of 4 Blendworth for statutory listing, therefore candidates for inclusion may arise as a result of the character assessment.

Blendworth 3 - Cadlington House front elevation 4 Conservation Area 4 - Holy Trinity Church 2 Historical development

5 Bendworthe. Old Blendworth is a small hamlet to the North of Blendworth Village and is outside the Conservation Area. The first church in Old Blendworth dates from 1303. The oldest buildings in the area are to be found in Old Blendworth with ‘Rookwood Cottage’ and No.116 Blendworth Lane, being of the late 16th Century, there are however no surviving buildings at Blendworth which date from before the 16th Century. During the early 18th Century ‘Yew Tree Cottage’ and ‘3 6 Myrtle Cottages’ were erected on Blendworth Lane. The common lands at Blendworth were enclosed by an Act of Extract from 1868-70 Ordnance Survey. Reproduced courtesy of Hampshire Records Parliament on the 18th July 1812. Office. Following the Act, the pattern of lanes and field boundaries that exist today were established with Blendworth is situated to the east one exception, that of Green Hook of the Parish of Horndean and is a Lane, which was obliterated in rural farming settlement, centred 1854. This lane ran northwards around Holy Trinty Church and The from Rowlands Castle Road, past Old School House. The growth of Blendworth Lodge and Cadlington 7 the village along the lanes has House, out to join Blendworth formed a linear pattern of Lane, opposite No.s 1&2 Myrtle development, with the two large Cottages. houses and their associated grounds of Blendworth House to the north and Cadlington House to the south. The hamlet of Old Blendworth was first documented in 1170 as Blednewrthie (Bleadna Farmstead). On a Saxton map of Hampshire in 1575 it was also marked as

5 - Cadlington House front porch Blendworth 6 - View west along Blendworth Lane Conservation Area 5 7 - Old school house 8 11

In circa 1819, a distinct shift in the In 1843, Richard Gale leased Myrtle By 1847, St Giles Church at Old focus of development at Farm at Blendworth from the Blendworth was found to be Blendworth occurred; Admiral Sir Knightons, which adjoined his inadequate and dilapidated. An Michael Seymour bought the old brewery at Horndean. He appeal was launched in 1849, with Blendworth House Estate located rearranged the farm layout, land and money donated by the between Road and replacing existing buildings with a Knightons, in exchange for the Rowlands Castle Road. In May 1820, model farm consisting of a new demolition of the Rectory to the his brother-in-law, Sir William farmhouse, threshing barn, cart west of Green Hook Lane and the Knighton purchased the adjoining sheds and granary. inclusion of this land within their Blendworth Lodge Estate. On the estate. On the 26th April 1850, the 22nd June 1829, Admiral Seymour’s foundation stone for the new Holy son Michael married Sir William Trinty Church was laid and it was Knighton’s daughter Dorothea and consecrated on 24th July 1852. The the Regency villa ‘Cadlington Church was built in the decorative House’ was commissioned as their English Gothic style of the late 13th home. The one plot of land in the to early 14th Century by Architects middle of the communal estate that William Gilbee Habershon and his the Knighton’s did not own was the brother Edward. The old Church of site of the Rectory, originally St Giles was demolished in 1961 and located to the west of Green Hook a new Rectory was built in 1852-53 Lane and re-built circa 1835. on land to the north of Holy Trinity Church, west of Crabden Lane. This new Rectory was designed by the Habershons and is now known as ‘Blendworth House’.

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Blendworth 8 - Blendworth rectory 10 - Buildings at Myrtle Farm 6 Conservation Area 9 - Myrtle Farm 11 - Blendworth House 12

The construction of the Church and In 1884 ‘Church Cottage’ was Post 1980 development has largely the Rectory formed an important erected at the top of Blendworth been confined to Old Blendworth, shift in the historical development Lane and around this time the rear however in Blendworth village the and central focus of the village, wing was added to the school. choir vestry at Holy Trinity Church shifting the centre of the village During the period of 1890-1910 the was further extended in 1980 and from Old Blendworth to only building activity appears to the Horticultural Training Centre at Blendworth Village. have been the erection of an ‘Cadlington House’ was constructed extension on the east side of in 1987. Following the death of Sir William ‘Cadlington House’ in 1894 and the Wellesley Knighton, the Blendworth addition in 1904 of the choir vestry Lodge Estate was auctioned on the on the north side of Holy Trinity 22nd October 1885. George Church. Between 1910-1932 five Alexander Gale then purchased the new houses were built in farm and constructed the following Blendworth; No.s 1&2 and 3&4 buildings on the southern section, ‘Seymour Cottages’; and adjoining the brewery: ‘Crookley ‘Blendworth Manor House’ on Park House’ (1885-1891); an Blendworth Lane. entrance lodge on Blendworth Lane; a walled garden behind Myrtle Farmhouse; and No.s 1&2 Myrtle Cottages. This change in ownership led to a division of land and a period of building within the village. 13

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12 - Church Cottage Blendworth 13 - View over school house Conservation Area 7 14 - Cadlington House front elevation 15 16

3 Character Appraisal

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Topography, Use and activity Overview of roads, views and vistas The land use and topography are buildings and architecture Blendworth is situated to the east of distinctive characteristics of There are two listed buildings Horndean, about 0.5km to the east Blendworth. The history of the within the Conservation Area, of the A3 motorway. From the south, village grew around agricultural Cadlington House and Holy Trinity Blendworth Lane rises gently to the farming and the two country Church. However, many of the north as far as the Church which is at estates. It is now a predominantly other buildings in the village are of the top of the incline, where small residential area with some local historic interest and therefore Crabden Lane then forks off to the farming, and equestrian use at contribute to the overall character north. The village and Conservation Myrtle Farm and the surrounding of the area, see appendix 3, map 2. Area are linear in form and bounded fields. There are no local facilities, Blendworth Lane and Crabden Lane at the south by Cadlington House such as a school or local store, form the two main roads to the with its grounds and by Blendworth however what was once part of the Conservation Area, with the village House to the north. Cadlington estate is now used as a garden nursery. mainly developing along The ribbon development generally Blendworth Lane. Holy Trinity follows the lane, with a grouping Church and Blendworth House are of buildings forming the farmyard located off Crabden Lane. at Myrtle Farm. The topography Over the centuries, the core of the and winding nature of the lanes village has developed to form a help conceal buildings and restrict linear settlement, centred around clear views from both the southern Myrtle Farm and the Church. The and northern approaches to the main style of buildings is semi- village. The buildings in most cases detached properties and detached front the street with gaps in properties within larger plots. The between the buildings and long village merges into the countryside views stretching to the countryside with an overriding presence of beyond. The village merges into the mature trees, hedges and small countryside with an overriding gardens, all helping to frame views presence of mature trees, hedges throughout the village. and small front gardens. The rural nature of the village is maintained via the gaps and fields, one significant vista to the east, is a gap in the tree belt immediately to the south of ‘Seymour Cottages’, which provides a view of the open countryside beyond. 18

Blendworth 15 - View north along Crabden Lane 17 - Grazing land use 8 Conservation Area 16 - View east from the village 18 - View north along Blendworth Lane

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20 21 22 The principal window form is a Local natural materials and high simple side hung casement, quality craftsmanship should, however some traditional sliding wherever possible, continue to be sash windows exist on the larger used. Plastic materials such as uPVC buildings such as Cadlington House and stained windows and doors and the new Rectory: Blendworth should be avoided as they are Manor House. The windows are modern techniques that detract timber, mainly painted white with from the local character. Enclosed Materials and detailing slender timber glazing bars. The bulky porches and large bulky casements on Yew Tree Cottage and dormers should be resisted. The buildings are generally two 3 Myrtle Cottages are painted Porches and dormers should be storey in height, with pitched black, these buildings are rendered sympathetic in size and reflect the gables and hipped roofs. There is a white on the front elevation and as design, age and scale of the mix of both clay tile and slate roofs, such the painted black window building, with regard to the with some first floor clay tile frames form an aesthetic contrast. position of doors and windows. A hanging. Numerous chimneys give a porch or dormer window can have strong vertical emphasis to the The gabled buildings generally a significant effect on the buildings. The main building have deep eaves and decorative appearance of the building, materials are brick or flint with bargeboards, either painted white adjacent buildings and the overall brick detailing, such as quoins, cills, or black, and incorporate clay streetscene. The demolition of a lintels and string courses. The tile hanging in the apex of the chimney should be avoided. majority of the buildings are large gable ends. Chimneys should always be retained detached properties set within their Entrance doors are traditionally as an architectural feature where own grounds, or smaller semi- located on the main elevation and possible. If unused, they should be detached / terrace properties with are solid timber doors painted dark vented, but remain. The continued small front gardens. in colour or white. Some of the retention of original architectural The visual openness of the doors have a small pane of glass at features, detailing and use of frontages is an important eye level, some have a single plain appropriate repair and characteristic of the village. The low pane; others have incorporated a maintenance techniques is essential picket fences, flint and brick bulls-eye pane. in order to protect the character of boundary walls, green verges and the Blendworth Conservation Area. A number of the properties in the the hedges all help to add to the Conservation Area have porches, rural character of the area. they vary in style, mainly simple Many buildings within the village open flat lead hoods or a simple are constructed entirely from brick, open lean-to pitched roof, with a or in combination with flint. The clay tile covering. colour, texture, bonding and use of flint is an important influence on the visual character of the village.

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19 - Brick chimney stacks 23 - 1&2 Myrtle Cottages Blendworth 20 - Picket fencing 24 - Traditional timber door Conservation Area 9 21 - Boundary treatments 25 - Stone quoins 22 - Flint and brick walling 4 Pressures, issues and threats

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Blendworth is served by minor The character of the village has in roads and lanes, which are not the main been conserved and had suited to continuous traffic. sympathetic alterations and repairs Blendworth Lane and Crabden Lane made, however minor alterations are both rural roads, with a tarmac that are permitted development surface and no curbs or pavements; can erode the character of the instead they are abutted by grass Conservation Area, such as uPVC verges. Cars park on one side of windows, stained rather than Blendworth Lane and there is a car painted windows and doors, park at the junction where Crabden pebble-dash render, non traditional Lane breaks off Blendworth Lane. materials such as artificial slates, bulky enclosed porches, the A footpath runs across the fields removal of boundary walls and the between 3 Myrtle Cottages and 4 creation of hard-standings. Seymour Cottages to Rowlands 27 Castle Road and beyond. The In-fill development or extensions footpath is sign-posted by a should only be allowed where it traditional cast-iron finger post does not affect the setting of the sign. Additional modern signage existing dwellings or the character would urbanise the village and be of the village. The design and style detrimental to the character of the of extensions and in-filling should area. continue the traditional character of the buildings in the village There is little street furniture and rather then follow a more modern signage within the village. A bench style. Traditional materials, sits on the corner by the Holy proportions and details should be Trinity Church. A post box and old incorporated to achieve a design cast iron street lamp column are that is coherent with the area. located outside the former school on Blendworth Lane.

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Blendworth 26 - Footpath 10 Conservation Area 27 - Porch 28 - Decorative gable details 5 Opportunities, enhancements and improvements

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A feature that contributes to the area is the boundary treatments, especially the flint and brick walls. For example the boundary wall to Holy Trinity Church is in need of repair, some sections of the wall have collapsed and are in need of regular maintenance.

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29 - Boundary details Blendworth 30 - Boundary wall to the church Conservation Area 11 31 - Cadlington House front porch 6 Summary

32 The following factors should be Local character considered when proposing any development within the Blendworth is a rural farming Conservation Area: settlement, centred around Holy Trinty Church and The Old School • The scale design and proportions House. The growth of building are sympathetic to the along the lanes has formed a linear characteristic form of the shaped village, along with the two building, to the area and large houses and their associated compatible with adjacent grounds; Blendworth House and buildings and spaces; Cadlington House. • The use and application of building materials and finishes respects local traditional materials and building techniques; • Retaining and, where necessary, restoring traditional features such as boundary walls, paved surfaces; • Additions or alterations to a building respect the overall design and proportion of the elevation and levels; • Open spaces important to the character or historic value are retained;

• Important views within, into and 33 out of the area are conserved; • Trees and other landscape features contributing to the character or appearance of the area are retained.

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Blendworth 32 - Path through churchyard 12 Conservation Area 33 - Blendworth Lane, view north 34 - Roofscape 36 39

7 Design Palette

Walls First floor tile hanging and in the apex of the roof on gable ends Window details and doors Orange bricks, some painted white Timber side-hung casements Flint with brick or stone dressings Larger houses have timber sliding Key aspects to the local Lime based mortars, renders and sash windows character of Blendworth plasters 37 All window joinery painted white Building scale or black and single glazed panes Two storey semi-detached houses Doors are timber and solid in with some detached houses in design, painted dark in colour or larger plots white

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Boundary treatments Semi-coursed flint walls, brick walls Low picket fences and railing; painted white Hedges and mature trees Roofing detail Low timber post and rail fencing Pitched and hipped roofs with hedges behind Natural clay and slate roofing Small front gardens materials 38 Gabled buildings have deep eaves Porches and decorative bargeboards painted black or white Open hood porches, some flat lead roll, some with a tiled pitched roof Chimneys

35 - 1&2 Myrtle Cottages 38 - Boundary treatments Blendworth 36 - Decorative gable details 39 - Traditional timber door Conservation Area 13 37 - Yew Tree Cottages and 3 Myrtle Cottages 40 - Buildings at Myrtle Farm

Appendix 1 Sources of further information

The East Hampshire District Council Other useful contacts The Victorian Society, Local Plan contains relevant 1 Priory Gardens information and policies on English Heritage Bedford Park development in the District. For Customer Services Department further advice please contact: PO Box 569 W4 1TT Swindon East Hampshire District Council SN2 2YP 020 8994 1019 Penns Place www.victorian-society.org.uk 0870 333 1181 Hants www.english-heritage.org.uk GU31 4EX The Georgian Group 01730 234219 6 Fitzroy Square The Society for the Protection of London Ancient Buildings W1T 5DX 37 Spital Square London 020 7529 8920 E1 6DY www.georgiangroup.org.uk 020 7377 1644 www.spab.org.uk The Campaign to Protect Rural Hampshire Branch Royal Institute of British Architects Beaconsfield House 66 Portland Place Andover Road London W1B 1AD SO22 6AT 0207 580 5533 01962 843 655 www.architecture.com www.cprehampshire.org.uk

The Building Conservation Directory Hampshire Archaeology and Cathedral Communications Ltd Historic Building Record: High Street Tisbury www.hants.gov.uk/environment/hist Wiltshire oric-environment/ahbrecord.html 01747 871717 www.buildingconservation.com

Blendworth 14 Conservation Area

Appendix 2 Listed buildings within the Conservation Area and grade

Holy Trinity Church, Blendworth Buildings of Local Lane, , PO8 0AA (II) Importance Cadlington House, Blendworth Lane, Waterlooville, PO8 0AA (II) In addition to the two listed buildings within the conservation area, there are ten other buildings of local importance: ‘Blendworth House’ (Crabden Lane) ‘Church Cottage’ (Blendworth Lane) ‘Yew Tree Cottage’ (Blendworth Lane) ‘3 Myrtle Cottages’ (Blendworth Lane) The former School, (Blendworth Lane) ‘Myrtle Farmhouse’ (Blendworth Lane) The threshing barn and granary at Myrtle Farm, (Blendworth Lane) ‘1&2 Myrtle Cottages’ (Blendworth Lane)

Blendworth Conservation Area 15 Blendworth 16 Conservation Area Appendix 3 Maps

Map 1 – Blendworth Map 2 – Character Appraisal: Conservation Area as designated Blendworth Conservation Area as 9 November 2004. designated 9 November 2004.

Blendworth Conservation Area 17

Map 1 – Blendworth Conservation Area

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© LC 100024238-2007 Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey mapping with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty Office Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings.

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Map 2 – Character Appraisal 8 Cro © LC 100024238-2007 Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey mapping with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty Office Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Appendix 4 Bibliography

Department of Environment English Heritage (2006) Guidance Transport and the Regions (1994) on Conservation Area Appraisals, ‘PPG 15: Planning and the Historic English Heritage: London Environment’, DETR: London English Heritage (2006) Guidance East Hampshire District Council on the Management of (2006) Local Plan Second Review Conservation Areas, English [adopted 30 March 2006] Heritage: London English Heritage (1995) Horndean Parish Council (2002) ‘Conservation Area Practice’, ‘Horndean Parish Village Design English Heritage: London Statement’ English Heritage (1997) ‘ Pevsner N & Lloyd D I (1985) ‘The Conservation Area Appraisals, Buildings of England, Hampshire English Heritage: London and the Isle of Wight’. Penguin Books.

Blendworth Conservation Area 19