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Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra

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Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra World Heritage Scanned Nomination File Name: 1167.pdf UNESCO Region: ASIA AND THE PACIFIC __________________________________________________________________________________________________ SITE NAME: Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra DATE OF INSCRIPTION: 7th July 2004 STATE PARTY: INDONESIA CRITERIA: N (ii) (iii) (iv) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Excerpt from the Report of the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee Criterion (ii): The Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra represent the most important blocks of forest on the island of Sumatra for the conservation of the biodiversity of both lowland and mountain forests. This once vast island of tropical rainforest, in the space of only 50 years, has been reduced to isolated remnants including those centred on the three nominated sites. The Leuser Ecosystem, including the Gunung Leuser National Park, is by far the largest and most significant forest remnant remaining in Sumatra. All three parks would undoubtedly have been important climatic refugia for species over evolutionary time and have now become critically important refugia for future evolutionary processes. Criterion (iii): The parks that comprise the Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra are all located on the prominent main spine of the Bukit Barisan Mountains, known as the ‘Andes of Sumatra’. Outstanding scenic landscapes abound at all scales. The mountains of each site present prominent mountainous backdrops to the settled and developed lowlands of Sumatra. The combination of the spectacularly beautiful Lake Gunung Tujuh (the highest lake in southeast Asia), the magnificence of the giant Mount Kerinci volcano, numerous small volcanic, coastal and glacial lakes in natural forested settings, fumaroles belching smoke from forested mountains and numerous waterfalls and cave systems in lush rainforest settings, emphasise the outstanding beauty of the Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra. Criterion (iv): All three parks that comprise the Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra are areas of very diverse habitat and exceptional biodiversity. Collectively, the three sites include more than 50% of the total plant diversity of Sumatra. At least 92 local endemic species have been identified in Gunung Leuser National Park. The nomination contains populations of both the world’s largest flower (Rafflesia arnoldi) and the tallest flower (Amorphophallus titanium). The relict lowland forests in the nominated sites are very important for conservation of the plant and animal biodiversity of the rapidly disappearing lowland forests of South East Asia. Similarly, the montane forests, although less threatened, are very important for conservation of the distinctive montane vegetation of the property. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS The 2.5 million hectare Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra site comprises three national parks: Gunung Leuser National Park, Kerinci Seblat National Park and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The site holds the greatest potential for long term conservation of the distinctive and diverse biota of Sumatra, including many endangered species. The protected area is home to an estimated 10,000 plant species, including 17 endemic genera; more than 200 mammal species; and some 580 bird species of which 465 are resident and 21 are endemic. Of the mammal species, 22 are Asian, not found elsewhere in the archipelago and 15 are confined to the Indonesian region, including the endemic Sumatran orangutan. It also provides biogeographic evidence of the evolution of the island. 1.b State, Province or Region: Island of Sumatra 1.d Exact location: S2 30 00 E101 30 00 Submission for Nomination of TROPICAL RAINFOREST HERITAGE OF SUMATRA by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to be included in the World Heritage List PHKA Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation Ministry of Forestry January, 2003 Photos on cover by Alain Compost Top (left to right): Great hornbill (Buceros bicornis), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus), Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) Middle (left to right): Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatraensis), Rafflesia (Rafflesia arnoldii), Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) Bottom (left to right): Banded leaf monkey (Presbytis melalophus), Sumatran serrow (Capricornis sumatraensis), flat-headed cat (Prionailurus planiceps) Submission for Nomination of TROPICAL RAINFOREST HERITAGE OF SUMATRA by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to be included in the World Heritage List The Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare Jusuf Kalla Jakarta, January 2003 i Submission for Nomination of TROPICAL RAINFOREST HERITAGE OF SUMATRA by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to be included in the World Heritage List The Minister of Forestry M. Prakosa Jakarta, January 2003 ii Authorization 1. I, the Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare of the Republic of Indonesia, the undersigned, hereby grant free of charge to Unesco the non-exclusive right for legal term of copyright to reproduce and use in accordance with the terms of paragraph 2 of the present authorization throughout the world the photograph(s) and/or slide(s) described in paragraph 4. 2. I understand that the photograph(s) and/or slide(s) described in paragraph 4 of the present authorization will be used by Unesco to disseminate information on the sites protected under the World Heritage Convention in the following ways: a) Unesco publications; b) Co-editions with private publishing houses for World Heritage publications: a percentage of the profit will be given to the World Heritage Fund; c) Postcards – to be sold at the sites protected under the World Heritage Convention through national parks services or antiquities (profits, if any, will be divided between the services in question and the World Heritage Fund); d) Slide series – to be sold to schools, libraries, other institutions and eventually at the sites (profits, if any, will go to the World Heritage Fund); e) Exhibitions, etc. 3. I also understand that I shall be free to grant the same rights to any other eventual user but without any prejudice to the rights granted to Unesco. 4. The list of photograph(s) and/or slide(s) for which the authorization is given is attached. 5. All photographs and/or slides will be duly credited. The photographer’s moral rights will be respected. 6. I hereby declare and certify that I am duly authorized to grant the rights mentioned in paragraph 1 of the present authorization. 7. I hereby undertake to indemnify Unesco, and to hold it harmless of any responsibility, for any damages resulting from any violation of the certification mentioned under paragraph 6 of the present authorization. iii 8. Any differences or disputes which may arise from the exercise of the rights granted to Uneso will be settled in a friendly way. Reference to courts or arbitration is excluded. _____________________ _____________________ Place Date ________________________________ The Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare Jusuf Kalla iv Table of contents Signature on behalf of state parties ................................................................................. i Authorization .................................................................................................................. iii Table of contents ............................................................................................................. v Abbreviations................................................................................................................... ix Introduction .................................................................................................................... xi Summary ........................................................................................................................xiv 1. Identification of the property.................................................................................. 2 a. Country....................................................................................................................... 2 b. Province, district........................................................................................................ 2 c. Name of property....................................................................................................... 3 d. Exact location on map and indication of geographical coordinates....................... 3 e. Area ........................................................................................................................... 3 f. Maps and/or plans ..................................................................................................... 4 2. Justification for inscription ................................................................................... 11 a. Statement of significance...........................................................................................11 b. Comparative analysis................................................................................................ 13 c. Integrity .................................................................................................................... 15 d. Criteria under which the inscription is proposed (and justification for inscription under the criteria) ..................................................................................................... 16 · Criterion (i): be outstanding example representing major stages of the Earth’s history, including the record of life ..........................................................................16
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