Hallmén © John Forest and climate change Christer Björkman, Maartje Klapwijk , Ida Kollberg and Helena Bylund Department of Ecology Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Uppsala Climate change Insects are poikilothermic

Should respond positively to increased temperature

Topographic profiles .) N Italy Temperature m.a.s.l

( Altitude

Altitude N Sweden

Distance from sea (inverse) Approaches

• Analyses of time series data in relation to observed changes in climate • Experiments along climatic gradients Field and lab

Are there trends over time?

Utbrottsfrekvens år 1750-2000 Utbrottsfrekvens år 1950-2000 Utbrottsfrekvens år 1990-2000 160 100 20 140 80 120 15 100 60 80 10 60 40

Antal utbrott 40 Antal utbrott Antal utbrott 5 20 20 0 0 0 1750-1800 1800-1850 1850-1900 1900-1950 1950-2000Lack1950 of1960 good1970 1980 data.1990 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Particularly from Sweden.

Pine sawflies (Hym., Diprionidae)

Data from Hungary

Forest 1961 – 2009 Damage data provided by Gyuri Csoka

Thaumetopoea processionea (Notodontidae), processionary

Tortrix viridana (), Green oak leaf roller

Malacosoma neustria (),

Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Lymantriidae), Brown-tail moth

Lymantria dispar (Lymantriidae), Gypsy moth

Rhyacionia buoliana (Tortricidae), European pine shoot moth

Thaumetopoea processionea L. (Notodontidae),

Tortrix viridana L. (Tortricidae), Green oak leaf roller

Malacosoma neustria L. (Lasiocampidae), Lackey moth

Euproctis chrysorrhoea L. (Lymantriidae), Brown-tail moth

Lymantria dispar L. (Lymantriidae), Gypsy moth

Rhyacionia buoliana (Tortricidae), European pine shoot moth Carl von Linné Thaumetopoea processionea (Notodontidae), Oak processionary moth

forestry.gov.uk biolib.cz Tortrix viridana (Tortricidae), Green oak leaf roller

sussexmothgroup.org.uk articulos.infojardin.com Malacosoma neustria (Lasiocampidae), Lackey moth

Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Lymantriidae), Brown-tail moth

ichn.iec.cat Lymantria dispar (Lymantriidae), Gypsy moth

en.wikipedia.org Rhyacionia buoliana (Tortricidae), European pine shoot moth

biopix.net Data from Hungary

Temperature Precipitation Data from Hungary Why no clear patterns? http://media.photobucket.com/image/pea%20aphid%20AND% 20ladybird/MDatTheG/ladybugAphid.jpg1

Dunn, JA. 1952. The effect of temperature on the pea aphid—ladybird relationship. 2nd Rep. Natl Veg. Res. Sta. Wellesbourne, pp. 21-23.

Berggren et al. Oikos (2009) Pine sawflies Trophic interactions along climatic gradients in field and lab

Vindeln

Uppsala

Asa insects Lab expt Future • Can management mitigate effects of climate change? • Or the opposite?

Acknowledgements Gyuri Csoka, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Matt Ayres, Karin Eklund, Tea Ammunét, Åsa Berggren, Stig Larsson, Lars Bärring, Mikaela Torp, Martin Weih et al.

BACCARA - EU project Swedish Energy Agency Oscar and Lili Lamm foundation Formas NL faculty, SLU