PAPAKURA to PUKEKURA Urban and Landscape Design Framework Pahurehure June 2021 Inlet

 NORTHBOUND

IMPROVED TAKANINI NEW SHARED INTERCHANGE INCLUDES USE WALKING AND NEW SHARED USE PATHS WALKING & CYCLING CYCLING PATH FROM ON BOTH SIDES OF TAKANINI TO GREAT SOUTH ROAD PAPAKURA IMPROVEMENTS THROUGH INTERCHANGE A number of exciting walking and cycling improvements are ENTRANCE Takanini being delivered as part of the Southern Corridor Improvements TO BRYLEE DRIVE* Project and will be completed by the end of 2019. PROJECT TAKA STREET These include: AREA

- Shared paths along both sides of Great South Road through the Takanini Interchange GREAT SOUTH ROAD Conifer Grove - A new 4.5km off-road 3m wide shared path for pedestrians and cyclists along the northbound side of the motorway between Takanini Interchange and the Papakura Interchange - A new pedestrian overbridge to cross the motorway near the Pahurehure Inlet WALTER STREVENS DRIVE between Papakura and Karaka Harbourside. ENTRANCE TO WALTER STREVENS DRIVE*

ENTRANCE TO GARDONE TERRACE* NEW PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE OVER THE MOTORWAY WITH ENTRANCES AT PESCARA POINT AND RUSHGREEN AVE PAPAKURA TO PUKEKURA Urban and Landscape Design Framework Pahurehure June 2021 Inlet

An artist’s impression of the new pedestrian bridge connecting Papakura and Karaka (above and below)

Karaka Harbourside Papakura

* THESE LINES ARE WALKING AND Artist’s impression of what a wider Southern Motorway CYCLING ACCESS area of the shared path could look like (SH1) New shared use path for walking and cycling to be complete d by end of 2019 ROAD BEACH R GAIA OAD HIN Artist’s impression of what a narrow area of the shared path could look like

SOUTHBOUND   NORTHBOUND

ENTRANCE TO GARDONE TERRACE* NEW PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE OVER THE MOTORWAY WITH ENTRANCES AT PESCARA POINT AND RUSHGREEN AVE Pahurehure Inlet

An artist’s impression of the new pedestrian bridge connecting Papakura and Karaka (above and below)

PAPAKURA TO PUKEKURA ULDF Karaka Harbourside Prepared for: Waka Kotahi Date: June 2021

This document has been prepared for Waka Kotahi (New Zealand Transport Agency). It is solely for the use Papakura of this client for the purpose for which it is intended in accordance with the agreed scope of work. This document should not be copied, scanned or distributed without the prior permission of Waka Kotahi, and no responsibility is taken for its use by any other party.

Prepared by: Megan McBain - Registered Landscape Architect Reviewed by: Shannon Bray - Registered Landscape Architect

Wayfinder Landscape Planning and Strategy Ltd www.wayfinder.nz [email protected]

* THESE LINES ARE WALKING AND Artist’s impression of what a wider Southern Motorway CYCLING ACCESS area of the shared path could look like (SH1) Revision Schedule

Revision Date Prepared by Reviewers A November, 2019 M McBain S Bray New shared use path B February, 2020 M McBain S Bray C August, 2020 M McBain S Bray D September, 2020 M McBain S Bray for walking and cycling E November, 2020 M McBain J Hunt, S Bray F June, 2021 S Bray H McLean to be complete d by end of 2019 ROAD BEACH R GAIA OAD HIN Artist’s impression of what a narrow area of the shared path could look like 2 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Contents

SOUTHBOUND  CONTENTS

SECTION A: PROJECT OVERVIEW SECTION B: CORRIDOR CONTEXT SECTION C: CORRIDOR STRATEGY SECTION D: ANTICIPATED OUTCOMES

A1 Introduction 6 B1 Context Overview 16 C1 Vision 39 D1 Papakura To Otuwairoa 57

A2 Urban And Landscape Design Framework 8 B2 Heritage 17 C2 Corridor Character Areas 41 D2 Outwairoa To Bremner 71

A3 Matauranga Māori 10 B3 Significant Landscape features 18 C3 Planting Strategy 43 D3 Bremner Road To Quarry Road 75

A4 Korero 12 B4 Landcover & Landuse 20 C4 Stormwater Strategy 45 D4 Quarry Road To Mill Road Extentio 79

B5 Biodiversity 22 C5 Milti-Modal Transport 47 D5 Mill Road To Pukekura 83

B6 Habitat & Ecosystems 24 C6 Overbridges & Underpasses Strategy 49

B7 Waterways & Significant Ecological Areas 26 C7 Noise & Visual Mitigation 51

B8 Parks & Open Spaces 28 C8 Other Elements 52

B9 Urban Form 30

B1 Urban Development 32

B11 Public Policy 34

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Contents 3 4 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A SECTION A: PROJECT OVERVIEW

A1 INTRODUCTION A2 URBAN AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN FRAMEWORK A3 MATAURANGA MĀORI A4 KORERO

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A 5 A1: INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

LEGEND Welcome to the Papakura to Pukekura (P2P) Urban and Landscape Design Framework (ULDF), prepared for Waka Kotahi (NZTA).

Papakura to Pukewhau P2P is one of the early projects from the Supporting Growth programme and the (Bombay) Project extents Auckland Transport Alignment Project 2018. Waitematā Auckland CBD Main Motorways Harbour This framework has been developed to inform ongoing urban design and landscape development and ensure consistency of outcomes across the whole project area.

Waka Kotahi are simultaneously working with Auckland Transport (AT) and Auckland Council to explore walking and cycling networks and facilities, including the provision of a new Shared Use Path alongside motorway corridors.

PROJECT OBJECTIVES Manukau Auckland The following objectives were set out by the Waka Kotahi at the establishment of the Airport Papakura SH1 Papakura to Pukekura project: 1. Improve the safety and resilience of the state highway network between Manukau Harbour Drury Papakura and Pukekura;

2. Increase transport choice and accessibility to support growth in the south of Auckland;

3. Support national and regional growth and productivity; and SH1 4. Support the inter-regional and intra-regional movement of people and freight.

Pukekohe Pukekura (Bombay) ABBREVIATIONS

AT - Auckland Transport AUP - Auckland Unitary Plan NZTA - Waka Kotahi (New Zealand Transport Association) P2P - Papakura to Pukekura PC22 - Plan Change 22 SEA - Significant Ecological Areas SUP - Shared Use Path ULDF - Urban and Landscape Design Framework NORTH Not to Scale

6 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A STAGE 1A, 1B & 2

PAPAKURA I/C

OVERVIEW LEGEND The project is divided into Stage 1A, Stage 1B1, Stage 1B2, Stage 2 and Stage 3. The Drury PARK ESTATE original Stage 1B has been broken into into two separate consenting packages (1B1

Papakura Papakura ROAD UNDERPASS & 1B2) to facilitate the ongoing engagement process with Mana Whenua in relation

SH1 Ramarama

Interchange Interchange Interchange Interchange to a site of cultural significance introduced by Plan Change 22 (PC22) to the Auckland

Stage 1A Drury Proposed Unitary Plan east and west of State Highway 1 at Otuwairoa Stream. South Interchange Stage 1B1 (Bombay) Pukekura BP SERVICE STAGE 1A CENTRE Stage 1B2 Consists of widening 4.5 km of south of the Papakura Interchange (of both southbound and northbound motorway) to three lanes and replacing the Park Estate Stage 2 bridge. Works will remain largely within the existing designation. Consenting for this eek cr packagery is almost complete. Stage 3 pe ip sl OTUWAIROA Existing rail corridor (SLIPPERY CREEK)STAGE PPER Y1B1 SLI CR A ( EEK IDGE New bridges at BRIDGE RO ) BR ThisAI stage includes from just north of the Drury Interchange to the Proposed Drury W Otuwairoa (Slippery Shared use path (SUP) TU OSouth Interchange (Quarry Road).Creek) Interchange NGAKOROA • Papakura Interchange modifications, southbound direct on ramp, STREAM BREMNER ROAD BRIDGE northbound on and off ramps; Mill Road corridor extension BRIDGE • Shared Use Path (SUP) Papakura Interchange to north of Otuwairoa bridge and Pukehohe Expressway R and from Bremner Road to just south of Drury Interchange; Pa DS D • Drury Interchange, NIMT, Bremner Road and Ngakoroa bridges; and • Great South Road upgradeSH1 Bridge between over local bridges east and west. Great South Rd Pu STAGE 1B2 HINGAIA DRURY I/C This stage includes a section of the SHSTREAM north of Otuwairoa bridge to north of Bremner Road bridge. BRIDGE • Permanent solution for Otuwairoa bridges; • SH1 widening and raisingNIMT from Bridges north of Otuwairoa to Bremner bridge; and • SUP from northern abutment of Otuwairoa to Bremner Road. NORTH

HINGAIA HINGAIA STREAM BRIDGE Not to Scale QUARRY HINGAI STREAM DRURY SOUTH MILL MILL ROADROAD RAMARAMA PUKEKURA STAGE 2 BRIDGE INTERCHANGE INTERCHANGE INTERCHANGE

DRURY DRURY SOUTH I/C ROAD BRIDGE SH1 Bridge over Great South Rd NIMT Bridges New bridges at Otuwairoa (Slippery Creek) This stage includes the SH south of the Proposed Drury South Interchange to, and

BP SERVICE including, the Ramarama Interchange. It will also tie in to Mill Road and Great South HINGAIA HINGAIA STREAM BRIDGE CENTRE BP SERVICE CENTRE Road (Pukekohe Expressway) MILL ROAD

DRURY DRURY SOUTH I/C • Quarry Road bridge, Drury South Interchange; and SH1 Bridge over Great South Rd NIMT Bridges New bridges at Otuwairoa (Slippery Creek) DRURY

E • SUP from south of Drury Interchange to just south of Drury South

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l R s C Y PAPAKURA INTERCHANGE PARK ESTATE ROAD OTUWAIROAR BREMNER ROAD DRURY INTERCHANGE QUARRY ROAD BRIDGE PUKEKOHE EXPRESSWAY • Additional lanes north and south and sufficient area for SW management;

UNDERPASS (SLIPPERYP CREEK) BRIDGE

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s NGAKOROA STREAM LEGEND: BRIDGE PAPAKURA I/C PAPAKURA OTUWAIROA OTUWAIROA CREEK) (SLIPPERY BRIDGE BREMNER BRIDGE ROAD It is noted that the current scope could expand or change depending on budgeting DRURY I/C DRURY SHAREDShared USE PATH use path STAGEStage 1B1 1B1 QUARRY QUARRY BRIDGE ROAD PUKEKOHE EXPRESSWAY EXISTINGExisting STAGE1B2Stage 1B2 priorities. PARK ESTATE ESTATE PARK UNDERPASS ROAD STAGEStage 1A 1A STAGEStage 2 2 Stage 1B1 Stage 1B2 Stage 2 Stage TO BE CONFIRMED STAGE 3 OTUWAIROA OTUWAIROA CREEK) (SLIPPERY BRIDGE PAPAKURA I/C PAPAKURA BREMNER BRIDGE ROAD DRURY I/C DRURY QUARRY QUARRY BRIDGE ROAD PUKEKOHE EXPRESSWAY

PARK ESTATE ESTATE PARK UNDERPASS ROAD PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A 7 Stage 1B1 Stage 1B2 Stage 2 Stage NGAKOROA NGAKOROA STREAM BRIDGE Shared use path Existing 1A Stage STAGE 1A, 1B & 2 STAGE LEGEND: NGAKOROA NGAKOROA STREAM BRIDGE Shared use path Existing 1A Stage STAGE 1A, 1B & 2 STAGE LEGEND: A2: URBAN AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN FRAMEWORK (ULDF)

ULDF PURPOSE ULDF OBJECTIVES WAKA KOTAHI URBAN DESIGN AND LANDSCAPE The purpose of this Urban and Landscape Design Framework (ULDF) is to provide PRINCIPLES Taking into account the overall project objectives and the Waka Kotahi urban design the client, project partners, stakeholders and project team members with an ongoing and landscape principles, the following urban design and landscape objectives have strategy throughout the life of the project. The ULDF will define and develop the Waka Kotahi has a suite of overarching urban design and landscape principles been determined for the Papakura to Pukekura Project: urban and landscape design concepts for the project, while also facilitatating their that are relevant to all its projects (Bridging the Gap NZTA Urban Design implementation. Guidelines). These include: ULD-1 Provide for cultural and historical expression throughout the project.

ULD-2 Enhance the existing landscape within the project corridor addressing both It is intended that the ULDF will provide consistency of outcomes across the whole Urban Design Landscape project area, building on the recently completed Southern Corridor Improvements environmental and social aspects. 1. Designing to the context. 1. A context sensitive and place-based project and other significant projects such as SH20B currently in development by approach. others near to the project area. ULD-3 Create and enhance connectivity along and across the corridor to expand and strengthen alternative transport opportunities. 2. Integrating transport and 2. Facilitate green infrastructure and The ULDF is developed under the guidance of Waka Kotahi’s Urban and Landscape land use. landscape integration. Design Principles (right). ULD-4 Incorporate Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles and objectives along the corridor and address related safety and crime 3. Contributing to good urban 3. Understand the physical conditions. prevention. form. ULD-5 Meet or exceed water quality standards. 4. Integrating all modes of 4. The right plant in the right place. transport. ULD-6 Celebrate and enhance important landscape features such as stream corridors, marine areas, open spaces and recreation sites. 5. Supporting community 5. Promote biodiversity and build resilience. cohesion. ULD-7 Consider whole of life costs and minimise potential future maintenance costs (including traffic management and safety requirements). 6. Maintaining local 6. Champion low impact design (LID) connectivity. ULDF OVERVIEW 7. Respecting cultural heritage 7. Deliver a quality user experience. values. The framework is divided into the following sections:

8. Designing with nature. 8. Low maintenance and whole of life value. SECTION A: Project Overview The project background and its objectives across the length of the corridor. 9. Creating a positive road user 9. Safety in design. experience. SECTION B: Corridor Context An understanding of the environment (both physical and cultural) and the planning 10. Achieving a low 10. Facilitate community engagement and a dynamics within the context of the project. maintenance design. collaborative approach. SECTION C: Corridor Stragegy Identification of specific design considerations and requirements at specific areas of It is also important that any Waka Kotahi project respects kaitiakitanga, and the project that reflect Māori landscape design values and the cultural narrative. appropriately reflects and (where possible) enhances iwi connections to moana and whenua. SECTION D: Anticipated Outcomes Vision for each area with design outcomes for each consideration. A series of concept plans for each sector.

8 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A NZTA DOCUMENTS URBAN DESIGN EXTERNAL SOURCES REFERENCE MATERIAL LANDSCAPE FRAMEWORK (UDLF) OVERVIEW AND CONTEXT This ULDF captures initial design principles and opportunities that have been identified through preliminary investigation and urban design opportunities of the wider landscape and is set within the context of existing strategic Waka Kotahi Introduction guidelines including:

Project Description • Bridging the Gap, NZTA Urban Design Guidelines • NZTA Landscape Guidelines (Final Draft_September 2014) • NZTA P39 Specification for Planting Waka Kotahi Strategy Urban & Landscape Cultural Design and Policy Design Framework Statements • NZTA State Highway Noise Barrier Design Guide • NZTA Cycling Network Guidance (online) Te Aranga • NZTA Pedestrian Planning & Design Guide Matauranga Maori Design Principles • NZTA Sustainability Plan • NZTA Bridge Manual NZTA Landscape Urban & Landscape Auckland Protection Guidelines (Final Draft) Context Strategy • NZTA Performance Guidelines • NZTA Statement of Intent

Auckland Unitary • NZ Urban Design Protocol NZTA Bridging Policy Context the Gap Plan Waka Kotahi has established a set of objectives which give effect to their responsibility NZTA Bridge AT Transport Strategy as a signatory to the NZ Design Protocol: Manual and Guidelines • Transport Networks fit in sensitively with the landform, built and natural Structure Plans environment and communities through which they pass. CORRIDOR STRATEGY • All systems of movement along and across the transport corridor are Waka Kotahi Community and Iwi integrated into the design of projects with good connections and access for Technical Reports Vision Engagement communities.

Waka Kotahi Design Principals Character Areas • Design contributes to the quality of the built environment, public spaces and the road user experience. Landscape and Corridor Urban Design (UD) Considerations Policy Documents that feed directly into this ULDF include the Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP), Drury - Opaheke Structure Plan and the Drury South Industrial Precinct and the Corridor Design Supporting Growth Program. Themes OUTCOMES This document has also been developed within the context of Iwi Management Plans and has been written in collaboration with those iwi who have indicated interest in

Concept Plans being involved in the project, including:

Te Ākitai Waiohua Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki

Consideration Design Ngāti Tamaoho Ngāti Whanaunga Contained within Outcomes Corridor Strategy Ngāti Te Ata Ngāti Maru

Provided by external documents Waka Kotahi P39 AEE and Detailed Design Specification Consenting Follow on from Corridor Strategy

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A 9 A3: MATAURANGA MĀORI

ENGAGEMENT INTEGRATION OF VALUES NGAATI WHANAUNGA

This project would not be complete without the involvement of mana whenua. No formal process for integrating cultural values has been used. Through discussion Our thoughts go first to our tuupuna, and the tikanga handed down to us, Mana Waka Kotahi has an established engagement method through regular Southern Iwi with mana whenua, it was agreed that blanket adoption of the widely used Te Aranga Whenua -Mana Moana. This whakatauaaki refers to the enduring mana of the iwi over Integration Group (SIIG) hui, which are held monthly. The objective of these hui is to Principles (contained within the Auckland Design Manual) was not appropriate, and discuss the cultural values within and around the project area, and agree methods in rather direct engagement and sharing of information across the whole aspect of the our ancestral lands and waters.It reminds us of the persistent struggle by our tuupuna which to respect and enhance these values. project was more favourable. to defend our taaonga tuku iho -those treasures handed down by the ancestors. 28.The Taamaki Isthmus, with its numerous and spiritually significant maunga The following iwi are represented at the SIIG: The key focus is integration of all cultural values within the project - from exploring (mountains) and craters, the Waitemataa and Manukau harbours, the motu (islands), • Te Ahiwaru naming opportunities and delivering environmental outcomes to incorporating the Taamaki River, Whau and other portages that connect the harbours, swamps, • Ngāti Paoa graphical representation of Māori culture through patterning and artwork. the multiple coastal bays, headlands, and gullies and streams, all which bear names • Ngāti Maru • Te Akitai Waiohua Principally, it is recognised that the process of engagement and decision making in commemorating important ancestors and past events, are part of a broader cultural • Ngāti Tamaoho partnership is as important to mana whenua as the actual outcomes. This process landscape of Taamaki Makaurau. • Ngāti Te Ata Waiohua will continue throughout the project using both the established SIIG and through • Ngaati Whanaunga direct engagement with the contractor on site, such as cultural monitoring during At the outset, we acknowledge that Taamaki Makaurau,Te Waitemataaand Te • Ngāi Tai ki Tamaki excavation works. Maanukanuka o Hoturoawere convergence points for descendants of different chiefly ancestry. Numerous settlements were established in Taamaki Makaurau Members of the project team have been attending SIIG hui on a regular basis However, the delivered outcomes are also important. Various cultural themes have through the development of this project. In addition, the authors of this ULDF have been explored with mana whenua. These preliminary themes are also captured in and on or around the shoreline.Each iwi and/or hapuu have their cultural and also worked with the same iwi on adjacent projects including Southern Corridor the CIAs/CVAs, extracts of which are copied onto the page opposite with permission ancestral associations to Taamaki Makaurau, Te Waitemataa, Te Maanukanuka o Improvements (SCI) and the upgrade of SH20B. of each iwi. These themes then form the basis of many of the urban and landscape Hoturoa and the surrounding areas within Taamaki Makaurau and we appreciate that designs that are presented throughout this ULDF. others will claim varying levels of interests. A specific topic of discussion through the SIIG has been the development of this ULDF, and there have been additional sessions to provide input into the development of It is important to recognise that whilst only three CIAs/CVAs have been provided, this In the early 19th century, Ngaati Whanaunga lived in Hauraki, Taamaki and Mahurangi. both this document and the outcomes it seeks to achieve throughout the project. does not diminish the importance of this project to other iwi and the ongoing desire to respect and enhance all cultural values. In the 1820s, northern Maaori, armed with muskets, invaded that area.Many of Ngaati In addition, three iwi have provided specific cultural values or cultural impact Whanaunga and its hapuu sought refuge at Maungatautari. In the mid-1830s, assessments (CIAs and CVAs) to help Waka Kotahi shape the project. Ngaati Whanaunga returned to their kaainga in various parts of Hauraki, Taamaki and Mahurangi.

Among other places, Ngaati Whanaunga resided on the western shores of Tiikapa Moana and established customary rights in this area from the very earliest occupation. These rights expanded over successive generations and were further enhanced by a series of inter-marriages with other iwi in the area.We inherited our customary rights and interests in Taamaki Makaurau and the surrounding area through our tuupuna andahi kaa roa.

10 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A NGAATI TE ATA WAIOHUA NGĀTI TAMAOHO

Ngaati Whanaunga does not view our whenua, moana and other taaonga solely for Across Taamaki Makaurau some cultural sites and landscapes have been successfully The area of proposed SH1 upgrade includes numerous sites of significance, cultural their physical form. They also embody the cultural and spiritual values associated preserved in part because they also happen to share environmental, scientific or landscapes, and traditional lands of Ngāti Tamaoho. This includes papakāinga, with our past.Ngaati Whanaunga has an oral culture and thus our whenua, moana historic value. However,relying on the shared worth of a site to safeguard its cultural mahinga kai, maara kai, awa, wāhi tapu, wāhi pakanga, ngahere, rāhui manu, pā tuna, and other taaonga act as a repository for our whakapapa, mana, tikanga and value is no longer sufficient in a growing metropolitan environment like Taamaki wahi nohoanga, puna wai, urupa, and tūāhu. While not all the works will directly traditions for the current and future generations. The cultural and spiritual Makaurau. The effects of urban modification or demolition ona site can be irreversible. impact on the archaeology of these places, the cumulative effects of the project will significance of our taaonga increases where they are associated with important Thus,the cultural and spiritual aspects of an area need to be given as much weighting be significant on many of these sites and the cultural landscape as a whole. Moreover, tuupuna and events that were significant to the mana and identity of Ngaati and consideration as any other unique feature that deserves protection. it is important for Te Waka Kōtahia NZTA and their contractors and employees to Whanaunga. recognise that these are the traditional lands of Ngāti Tamaoho as recognised by the Our cultural landscapes of the Papakura, Drury, Oopaheke, Paerata, Pukekohe and Crown. Furthermore, it is important for Te Waka Kōtahia NZTA and their contractors The project is set within an area which was occupied by Mana Whenua groups pre- Pukekura, Bombay areas have been irreversibly damaged by intensive development, and employees to recognise the history. dating and including the arrival of the original waka from Hawaiiki.At a broad level, urban pollutants and long-term quarrying. The extent of this damage is suchthat Mana Whenua accounts explain how the Taamaki Isthmus was used for extensive the best way to acknowledge and recognise our cultural landscapes is through new SH1 and its predecessor the Great South Road as an instrument of war against our gardens with its fertile soils, mahinga kai from the harbours design possibilities that clearly exemplify our cultural associations. The issue for us now people. 6and waterways, and paa on the numerous maunga and coastal settlements. One is how does Ngaati Te AtaWaiohua and Waka Kotahi make a valued contribution back translation of Taamaki Makaurau itself is the ‘land of a hundred lovers’, in reference to to the whole areaand uplift and enhance its cultural integrity? How do we secure real Ngāti Tamaoho understands the importance of transport infrastructure to provide thedesirability of the Taamaki Isthmus to many groups.Ngaati te ata waiohua. cultural, environmental, social and economic gains moving forward? for a growing region and country. These upgrades and works provide for that growth and where done in conjunction with Ngāti Tamaoho can retain and enhance our Within our cultural landscape,the key cultural resources of Papakura, Drury, Oopaheke place as mana whenua of the area. As kaitiaki it is our duty to protect the lands, waters, and Pukekura, Bombay and in relation to the P2DS project footprint that we have a flora and fauna of our rohe. Moreover, Ngāti Tamaoho seeks to reconnect with our traditional and historic relationship with are: traditional lands and taonga as guaranteed by both Te Tiriti O Waitangi and the Ngāti • Ngaatuupuna maunga(ancestral mountains) Tamaoho Settlement Act 2017. By working with Ngāti Tamaoho as the recognised • Ngaataonga i tuku iho (the many isolated waahi tapu and waahi taonga in the mana whenua of this project area, NZTA has the opportunity to uphold these area thatcollectively exemplifies the networked paaoccupation that existed) agreements and support our self-determination as a people. • Te Maanukanukao Hoturoa(the Manukau Harbour) • All the waterways Ngati Tamaoho has previously provided NZTA [Waka Kotahi] with their • Ara hiikoi (traditional walking tracks) environmental values, and therefore these are not repeated within this report. • Ara tapu (walking tracks of the spirits: the path that leads to Rerenga Wairua Ngati Tamaoho has and will continue to work with NZTA to achieve important through the West Coast, or the walking tracks that leads to an urupaa) environmental outcomes that are over and above minimum requirements.

As well as their volcanic origins,the regional significance of the maunga of Taamaki Makaurau stems from the cultural history and present-day importance of each site for iwi. With this in mind the challenge is to fully integrate the future planning and development of Papakura, Drury, Oopaheke, Pukekura and Bombay within the wider cultural landscape. To provide the context of cultural connection one must also have regard to the physical landscape as it was when the occupation took place.

Ngaati Te AtaWaiohua continue to maintain a spiritual and cultural relationship and "Forest in Papakura" 1860s a lithograph by Arnold Meerman, from a sketch by Dr. C. Fischer connection to the Papakura, Drury, Oopaheke and Pukekura, Bombay area through whakapapa both in terms of our connection to Papatuuaanku and our ancestral relationship through Te Ata-i-Rehia.It is through our Ngaa Oho, NgaaIwi and Waiohua whakapapa that further demonstrates our customary connections to the Papakura ki Pukekura project areas. PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A 11 A4: KORERO

CULTURAL NARRATIVES

Within the cultural landscape, key cultural resources and relationships (traditional and historic) include: • Tupuna maunga; • Nga Taonga i Tuku Iho (the many isolated wāhi tapu and wāhi taonga in the area that collectively exemplifies the networked pā occupation that existed); • Te Mānukanuka o Hoturoa; • All the waterways; • Ara hīkoi (traditional walking tracks); and • Ara tapu (walking tracks of the spirits: the path that leads to Rerenga Wairua through the West Coast, or the walking tracks that leads to an urupā).

The Southern Iwi Integration Group (SIIG) is a collective of iwi who provide guidance to Waka Kotahi on several projects, including this one. In the Joint Cultural Values Assessment for the Drury Pukehohe-Paerata Structure Plans, the SIIG has identified several goals and recommendations that will protect natural and physical resources and the relationships Iwi have with these. Protecting and preserving the traditional Auckland Art Gallery: Photograph by John Kinder, C. 1865 lands and taonga associated with the project site will be established through implementing these recommendations.

Advice from the SIIG is that the overarching narrative of the landscape is that it is the ‘food bowl of the south’. The landscape was an important area for cultivating kumara and many fruit species.

Common sub-narratives include: • The arrival and settlement of the area; • Waka landings linking with important tracks linking Tāmaki Makaurau and Waikato; • Important waterways frequently used by waka to travel and trade; • Important Pā sites; and • Military camps set up by the British and subsequent (often forced) relocation of Māori settlements.

12 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A NAMING OPPORTUNITIES OTHER OPPORTUNITIES

Recognising and celebrating the significance of Mana whenua restores Iwi The following key opportunities have been identified to reflect and enhance cultural connections to specific ancestors and events associated with them. It provides the values through the project: opportunity to enhance a sense of place, by incorporating narrative and customary practices within the detailed design. • Restore sites of wāhi tapu; • Retain viewshafts where possible; The process of changing geographic place names has already began by Ngāti • Whakapapa riparian planting consistent with local biodiversity; Tamaoho in settlement legislation including: • Contribute to the enhancement of waterways potentially affected by the project, reinstating the mauri of waters; • Maketu Stream to Te Maketu Awa; • Establish and enhance ecological corridors; • Symonds Stream to Mangapū Awa; • Visually and physically connect open green spaces and areas of wāhi tapu; • Slippery Creek to Otūwairoa Awa; • Māori inspired patterning; • Waihoihoi Stream to Waihoehoe Awa; • Naming of structures and features; • Hays Stream to Waipokapū Awa; • Architectural form and detailing reflecting local korero; and • Naming of an unnamed bluff to Te Māunu a Tū Bluff; and • Māori art to reflect local korero and brighten a potentially dark space. • Naming of unnamed historic sites as: - Pōkino Kainga - Puhitahi - Purapura - Te Teoteo Pā - Whatapaka Pā.

In addition, Pratts Road Historic Reserve, a Crown Protected Area, is being renamed to Te Maketū Historic Reserve and Hays Stream Conservation Area is being changed to Waipokapū Stream Conservation Area.

As the project develops, it is anticipated that new names will be introduced across the area, or may be assigned to important structures (such as bridges) within the project area. Opportunities include:

• Te Hunua Stream, the “high infertile land” • Waipokapu (Hay’s Stream) • Mangapu (Symonds Stream), and • Waihoihoi (now remembered in the name for Waihoehoe Road). • The Mangapu and Waihoihoi combine with the “Awa Paheke” (“Slippery River”) named after the slippery rocks in the vicinity.

Source: Historic Heritage Topic Report Drury Structure Plan August 2017

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section A 13 14 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B SECTION B: CORRIDOR CONTEXT

B1 CONTEXT OVERVIEW B2 HERITAGE B3 SIGNIFICANT LANDSCAPE FEATURES B4 LANDCOVER & LANDUSE B5 BIODIVERSITY B6 HABITAT & ECOSYSTEMS B7 WATERWAYS & SIGNIFICANT ECOLOGICAL AREAS B8 PARKS & OPEN SPACES B9 URBAN FORM B10 URBAN DEVELOPMENT B11 PUBLIC POLICY B12 WAKA KOTAHI

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 15 B1: CONTEXT OVERVIEW

The Project is located in the southern area of Auckland, south of Papakura and Waitematā Harbour extending southwards, west of Drury. To the southeast is the developing area of Drury Auckland CBD LEGEND South, and much of the western side of the project is also under significant urban development. Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents The existing motorway is a dominant feature of the landscape. It was first constructed in the early 1960’s, as an alternative main route into Auckland to Great South Road. Main Motorways Over time, SH1 has been extended such that it now provides a continuous motorway corridor from Waikato to Auckland CBD, with additional motorway connections to the north and west. For some time it has marked a boundary between urban development to the east and rural landscape to the west. As such, much of the existing landscape has an open rural character.

However in more recent times there are signs of increasing urbanism to the west. Around Karaka and north of Drury Creek, development is more tangible, where dwellings are in the early stages of occupancy. At the north end of the project MADE Group are well into the development of Auranga, which will provide 2,650 dwellings and a small centre . All of these developments will fundamentally alter the rural landscape through which the road currently passes into one that is significantly more structured and manicured. Manukau Auckland Airport Having said that, other than some residential properties either side of the project area north of Papakura Interchange, there are limited immediate residential neighbours throughout the project. The Drury township is located to the west of the Project, Papakura this currently being a relatively small collection of commercial and retail buildings, but directly adjacent to the motorway is a moderately sized industrial area. A few rural dwellings are located in near proximity to the road, but these are likely to be Manukau Harbour developed as the wider area is developed. Drury The stream corridors that comprise of Drury Creek, Ngakaroa Stream and Hingaia Stream provide an important natural counterpoint to the more developed/developing areas of the landscape, and are in reality the only significant natural elements of landscape. Even so, the stream banks are heavily modified with poor quality riparian vegetation and eroded stream banks littered with structures and modifed earthworks.

Immediately to the north, the Southern Corridor Improvements (SCI) project SH1 (Manukau to Papakura) is in the latter stages of construction; into which this project will directly link into. The SCI project has resulted in changes to the character of the motorway corridor by the introduction of noise walls and extensive motorway planting, as well as a new pedestrian bridge and Shared Use Path.

In summary, the project is located in a heavily modified landscape that continues to undergo significant change as a result of increased urbanism. Whilst currently views to the west are over rural land, planned and current development is already transforming this view. Within the next 5 years, such development will result in the Project being Pukekohe Pukekura (Bombay) located in a predominantly urban environment. NORTH Not to Scale

16 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B B2: HERITAGE

The project site has a complex heritage to both Māori and European due to its strategic geographic position and the natural resources it offered. Some notable historic events are included below.

Crew from the Tainui waka and other ancestors of Ngāti Tamaoho including Nga Oho, were among the earliest inhabitants of this area and and its surrounds.

The Opāheke papakainga and pā was located at the confluence of Otuwairoa Stream (Slippery Creek) and Drury Creek. It was a strategic vantage point for Ngāti Tamaoho allowing them to control the movement of people, food and goods throughout their rohe (territory).

Military camps were established in the area during WWII, with one of these locations currently housing one of the largest commercial horticultural glass houses in New Zealand.

Coal was discovered in the streams of Drury and Waihoihoi Coal Company was established along with an early fireclay brick industry. Work began on the horse- 65th Regiment Camp prior to Waikato Wars. drawn tramway from the port to the coal mine (The Mineral Railway). This was the first railway in the North Island and triggered the establishment of an Auckland – Drury line.

Carved boundary stone with engraved spirals found in 1962 just south of Pratts Hill. D. Simmons The Drury Pottery & Fireclay Works. photograph. Photos sourced from auranga.co.nz.

Cultural heritage describes the way of living developed by a community Cultural heritage includes: and passed on from generation to generation, including customs, practices, • tangible culture such as buildings, monuments, landscapes, books, works of places, objects, artistic expressions and values (Vecco, 2010; Auckland Regional art and artefacts; Council, 2009a). • intangible culture such as folklore, traditions, language and knowledge; It is the legacy of knowledge, things and intangible attributes of a group or • natural heritage including culturally significant landscapes and biodiversity; society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and passed on to future generations. It includes Māori and non-Māori heritage. (Auckland Council, 2012b). Environment and Cultural Heritage evidence report June 2018 Source - Historic Heritage Topic Report Drury Structure Plan August 2017

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 17 B3: SIGNIFICANT LANDSCAPE FEATURES Midden Otuwairoa Pa Karaka Horse Sales Archaeological Sites Archaeological Military Headquarters Presbyterian Cemetery Presbyterian Significant Hedge Row Significant Shepards Bush Reboubt Shepards St John’s Anglican Church St John’s Undefended settlement site Undefended Farmers Inn now ‘Ye Jolly Farmer’ ‘Ye Inn now Farmers Tramway terminus and wharf site Tramway terminus and wharf site Tramway

STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

Pu Cowthorpe Oak Cowthorpe Cottage Aroha Clark and Homestead Dwellings NORTH Waihoihoi Coalmine Coalmine Waihoihoi Railway Redoubt Wharf Site 

See next page for legend

18 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B SIGNIFICANT FEATURES Cairn LEGEND Several historic heritage sites and features exist along the project corridor which will require detailed investigation and assessment.

Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents The Auckland Unitary Plan identifies a number of Significant Features, both heritage and landscape based. Main Roads

Bishop Selwyn Memorial Going forward, these sites can be recognised: Railway • Testing if assumptions around the significance of historic heritage places are Historic structure correct through interaction with local communities and knowledge holders; • Identifing possible strategic partners and funding streams to support historic Reported Historic Site heritage research, conservation and interpretation; • Identify areas of archaeological sensitivity as an ‘alert layer’ for future development; Archaeological Site • Explore the potential for historic heritage places to develop a heritage trail and Historic Botanical Site support local identify and the tourist economy; • Enhance the public understanding of historic heritage places and knowledge Outstanding Natural Feature through improved public access (e.g. continuous esplanade reserves, new cycle Significant Amenity Feature paths), presentation, interpretation and maintenance of significant historic heritage places; and STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 • Enhance information accessibility through alternative media devices (e.g. audio, STAGE 2 R QR Codes). Pa STAGE 1A DS D The project area contains a number of significant trees recognised in the AUP. These STAGE 1B1 include:

• A Quercus robur is reputed to have grown from the Cowthorpe Oak mentioned in Joins to previous page previous Joins to the Doomsday Book. (In the 1960’s the motorway was deviated around the tree with a retaining wall to protect it. • A group of trees (including Vitex lucens) associated with the Bishop Selwyn Monument. • Other trees along the road corridor including rows of common oak and existing Pu shelter belts.

IDENTIFIED LANDSCAPE FEATURES

The Unitary Plan Identifies Outstanding Natural Landscapes, Outstanding Natural Features and Outstanding Natural Character areas. The nearest identified area is the ‘Ingram Road III Tuff Ring’ which adjoins the project site west of the sweeping HW curve between the Proposed Drury South and Ramarama interchanges. St Stephen’s School St Stephen’s avenue Oak tree Ingram Road III Tuff Ring Tuff Ingram Road III

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 19 B4: LANDCOVER & LANDUSE Raupo Sedges Harakeke Kahikatea

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DS u : 3 o NORTH S and Kayak hire development Auranga Drury centre town Existing Industrial Drury South Industrial Precinct

 y UR E ur FI G 3 eam 2 r f o D St r 0 1 See next page for legend

20 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B HISTORICAL LANDCOVER Kauri Puriri LEGEND Modelling suggests that predominantly three forest ecosystem types occurred across LEGEND the terrestrial extent of the project site.

Historic Site Puriri forest would have dominated the flattest, more productive soils. Kahikatea forest SH1Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents would have formed along the major stream corridors such as Otuwairoa Awa (Slippery Reported HistoricMain Site roads Creek) and Ngakoroa Awa. The more elevated areas would have been Rimu, Taraire, Main Roads Tawa and Podocarp forest. Archaeological SiteExisting rail corridor Railway The adjacent portion of coastal marine area (CMA) would have been mangrove Wetland Historic Botanical Rimu,Site taraire, tawa forest, forest, scrub and salt marsh. The numerous streams would have fused into freshwater Kahikatea,WF10 pukatea forest wetland ecosystems including oioi and raupo in particular.

Kauri,Puriri Forest,podocarp, WF8 broadleaved forest Kauri, podocarp, broadleaf Puririforest, forest WF12 CURRENT LANDUSE Rimu,Kahikatea, taraire, pukatea tawa forest The existing Manukau Ecological District is highly modified. It is primarily in pasture, forest,WF9 with large areas of urban settlement. Small scattered remnants of modified or STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 Kahikatea Forest, MF2 regenerating forests of conifer and broadleaved species, especially puriri and taraire, STAGE 2 R occur throughout. The only large remaining area of ‘natural landscape’ is the Manukau Pa STAGE 1A DS Wetland Classes Harbour itself. D STAGE 1B1 Stage 1A and 1B (1B1 & 1B2) land is dominated by built form surrounding Papakura and to the southern extent Drury Town Centre. It comprises of flat to rolling land with some pasture zoned Special Housing in the AUP. Joins to previous page previous Joins to

Stage 2 land is mostly high producing pasture land with flat to slightly rolling landforms. It passes alongside the South Drury Industrial Precinct which has planned an extensive stormwater collection and wetland treatment recreation reserve.

Stage 3 land, south of the Ramarama Interchange, is predominantly on rolling land Pu on the foothills of the Bombay Hills covered with short-rotation cropland amongst the rich red soils. The large hydroponic glasshouses that are visible from the road are located on the site of the WW2 Military Camp. Glass house Market gardens Red earth farmlandBombay Sources: Ecology Assessment Drury Structure Plan 30 August 2017 Auckland Protection Strategy & Indigenous Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems of Auckland

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 21 B5: BIODIVERSITY Tuna Bittern Grey duck Grey Banded rail White heron White

STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

Pu NORTH Pateke Inanga Koura Mayfly Pukeko 

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22 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B ORIGINAL NATIVE FAUNA* In forested areas, birds such as kereru, tui, bellbird, yellow and red-crowned kakariki, Geko Tomtit kaka, kokako, tomtit, fantail, grey warbler, whitehead, morepork, North Island robin,

Morepork shining cuckoo, North Island brown kiwi, and weka would have been present.

Arboreal native reptiles such as forest, elegant and Pacific gecko and ground dwelling skinks such as copper, ornate, and striped skink would have been common.

In the swampy areas, wetland birds such as banded rail, spotless crake, pukeko, pateke, and bittern would have been common, as would fern bird, Australasian harrier and kingfishers. ORIGINAL FRESHWATER SYSTEMS* Due to the gentle topography of the structure plan area, freshwater systems were characterised by low order, low energy watercourses connected to large wetland swamps and fens.

These wetland areas functioned to attenuate water flows and acted as slow release storage areas preventing any downstream channel scouring, and reducing sediment load. STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R As stated above, these wetland areas would have harboured a variety of native Pa STAGE 1A DS terrestrial flora and fauna. Instream and wetland biota would have included a high D diversity of native macroinvertebrates and fish species. STAGE 1B1 Fish species were likely to have included lowland galaxiid species such as banded kokopu, inanga, and giant kokopu, and also longfin eel, short fin eel, koura, Cran’s bully, Joins to previous page previous Joins to red fin bully, and black mudfish.

Pu Kereru Skink Kiwi Bellbird *Source - Above text extracted from Ecology Assessment Drury Structure Plan 30 August 2017 - Section 2.2

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 23 B6: HABITAT & ECOSYSTEMS

Auckland is a rapidly growing region and there is constant pressure for urban Rodney subdivision and industrial expansion. As natural vegtation is severely fragmented Inner Gulf Islands within the area, there are sites that have high value as scarce habitat for threatened Kaipara LEGEND species even though other values may be low. When considering development of the original extent of terestrial ecosystems, the present extent and the extent to which Rangitoto they are protected can be considered against criteria: Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents • National Priorities Ecological District • Nature Heritage Fund Priorities Boundaries • Conservancy Priorities • Originally Rare Ecosystems Tamaki Manakau Ecological District • Threatened Species • Representativeness • Sustainability • Landscape Integrity • Amenity/Utility Waitakere • Marine Protection • Potential for restoration

All remaining areas of indigenous vegetation have value for protection and restoration beause the extendt of biodiversity loss in the region (ARC2004) Ecosystems that have been identified as the highest regional priorities are:

• Coastal ecosystems including estuarine, wetland, duneland shruland and forest • Volcanic boulderfields Hunua • Sites of nationally critical threatened species • Sites of originally rare ecosystems Awhitu Within the Manakau Ecologial District the following priorities for protection have been Manukau identified. Hauraki • Coastal Ecosystems (dunes, wetlands, shrubland and forest) • Kahikatea swamp forest

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NORTH

24 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B PROTECTION STATUS

The estimated original extent of ecosystems, their present extent and the proportion of their present extent that is protected are outlined in the table below:

Vegetation Class Original Remaining % Protected % extent hectares remainiing HECTARES PROTECTED Brackish estuarine N/A 1096 N/A 32 3 Coastal Forest 274 13 4 3 23 Dune Vegetation 0 0 0 0 0 Freshwater wetland & Wetland 22244 105 0.4 2 2 Forest Kauri Forest 1541 0 0 0 0 Volcanic Boulderfield 178 0 0 0 0 Podocarp/Broadleaf and Kauri 42462 908 2 103 11 Shrubland N/A 271 N/A 7 2 Unclassified N/A 36 N/A 1 2 Total 66699 2429 3 148 6

All ecosystems in this Ecological District are severely depleted with only 3% remaining in total. Of this remaining 3%, only an area of 6% are protected (being 0.2% the original extent). The district once contained extensive wetlands and wetland forest almost all of which have been lost. PRIORITIES FOR PROTECTION • Freshwater wetlands • Kahikatea swamp forest • Coastal ecosystems including estuarine, wetlands, shrublands and forest • Breeding sites and habitat for Anas superciliosa superciliosa • Sites of originally rare ecosystems where these can be confirmed

Sources: Ecology Assessment Drury Structure Plan 30 August 2017 Auckland Protection Strategy & Indigenous Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems of Auckland

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 25 B7: WATERWAYS & SIGNIFICANT ECOLOGICAL AREAS (SEA) Drury Creek Hingaia Stream Hingaia Stream Roselyn Stream Ngakoroa Stream Otuwairoa Stream

STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

Pu SEA-T-5280 SEA-M2-29 SEA-T-530 SEA-T-28 SEA-T-79 NORTH SEA-T-80 

See next page for legend

26 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B WATERWAYS LEGEND There are several notable streams through or near the project site that converge at Significant Ecological Area Drury, into Drury Creek and eventually the Pahurehure Inlet to the Manukau Harbour. Terrestrial Hingaia Stream Hingaia Stream flows along the eastern edge of the site, joined by Maketu Awa, Significant Ecological Area Waihoihoi Awa, Symonds Stream and Otuwairoa Awa (Slippery Creek) that runs Marine through the Drury Township. Waterways Roselyn Stream flows from the west underneath the State Highway and joins a tributary to Hingaia Stream.

To the west of the project site is the Ngakoroa Stream that also discharges into Drury Creek.

Many of the overland flow paths are farm drains, and have been heavily modified by farming or roading operations.

SIGNIFICANT ECOLOGICAL AREAS STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R The Auckland Unitary Plan identifies a number of Significant Ecological Areas (SEAs), Pa STAGE 1A DS both land and marine based. D STAGE 1B1 Around the Drury Creek area the SEA’s are mostly comprised of inter-tidal habitats with varying degrees of mangroves and eelgrass beds. There are roosting areas for wading

Joins to previous page previous Joins to birds including an important area for pied stilt.

The upper tidal reaches of Drury Creek is a migration pathway between marine and freshwater habitats for several native freshwater fishes (whitebait). Most notably is the Otuwaroa Awa (Slippery Creek) junction. Pu The land based SEA’s tend to contain tracts of dense native vegetation including taller trees. SEA-T-4501 SEA-T-4511 SEA-T-86 SEA-T-4513 SEA-T-4514 SEA-T-85 SEA-T-4506 Source - Ecology Assessment Drury Structure Plan 30 August 2017

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 27 B8: PARKS & OPEN SPACES planting Kirks Bush Golf course Ray Small Park Drury Domain Otuwairoa Reserve Drury Sports Complex Hingaia riparian Stream Papakura South Cemetery Papakura

STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

Pu NORTH Water utility reserve Water Ngakaroa Reserve Ngakaroa Reserve riparian planting 

See next page for legend

28 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B PARKS AND OPEN SPACES LEGEND Open spaces play an important role in the active and passive recreation functions Papakura to Pukekura around the project area. (Bombay) Project extents The key open space features around the project area are as follows:

and adrenaiin park and adrenaiin Main Roads Te Makatu Cemetery Te Reserve and Waterfall • Otuwairoa Awa (Slippery Creek) is a significant watercourse that meanders Railway through the township of Drury before entering the Manukau Harbour creating an Mature vegetation pocket vegetation Mature pocket vegetation Mature Parks and Open Spaces open space corridor. identified in the AUP • Roselyn Stream passes beneath SH1 before joining with Hingaia Stream. • Drury Sports Park is located adjacent to the Project site and is a significant area of open space. • Ngakoroa Reserve connects with Drury Sports Park and creates a green corridor connection directly to Ngakoroa Stream and the Pahurehure Inlet. • The Drury South Industrial Precinct includes extensive stormwater wetlands and treatment systems along the project area. • Ngakoroa Awa realignments along SH1. Some locations retain a natural form, although many sections of the alignment have been modified and channelled. STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to previous page previous Joins to

Pu Bishop Selwyn Memorial Cairn Source - Ecology Assessment Drury Structure Plan 30 August 2017

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 29 B9: URBAN FORM

 NORTHBOUND

IMPROVED TAKANINI NEW SHARED INTERCHANGE INCLUDES USE WALKING AND NEW SHARED USE PATHS WALKING & CYCLING CYCLING PATH FROM ON BOTH SIDES OF TAKANINI TO GREAT SOUTH ROAD PAPAKURA THROUGH INTERCHANGE

IMPROVEMENTS Pukekihiriki Pā A number of exciting walking and cycling improvements are ENTRANCE Drury planting Creek

Takanini Development Auranga being delivered as part of the Southern Corridor Improvements TO BRYLEE DRIVE*

Project and will be completed by the end of 2019. PROJECT Otuwairoa riparian planting TAKA STREET These include: AREA

BRIDGE OVER nextJoins to page THE MOTORWAY WITH ENTRANCES AT PESCARA POINT AND RUSHGREEN AVE Pahurehure Inlet Pu NORTH An artist’s impression of the new pedestrian bridge connecting Papakura and Karaka (above and below)

Karaka Harbourside Papakura

* THESE LINES ARE WALKING AND Artist’s impression of what a wider Southern Motorway CYCLING ACCESS area of the shared path could look like (SH1) New shared use path for walking and cycling to be complete d by end of 2019 OAD BEAC AIA R H ROAD Prescara pedestrian Prescara bridge Southern Corridor Noise Walls G HIN Artist’s impression of what a narrow area of the shared path could look like See next page for legend SOUTHBOUND 

30 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B EXISTING URBAN FORM

LEGEND The project site does not currently have a unifying urban design and landscape character. The existing utilitarian urban form has been developed with little Papakura to Pukewhau consideration for sense of place or narrative. The southern corridor improvements (Bombay) Project extents have been developed within a seperate ULDF and the interface between the existing and proposed upgrades will need to be considered in order to avoid any abrupt Main Roads change in the urban form for motorists. Railway • Retaining walls in the project site vary from natural stone, to precast concrete and Current and future urban development there is no consistency throughout the area or a connecting theme. • The dominant central road barrier consists of wire rope medians and either New pedestrian bridges concrete strips in the northern end of the project site or grass to the south. A Potential pedestrian portion of solid central medians exist south of the railway overpass. the stretch of connection road north of Ramarama has little to no side barriers adding to the current rural character. • There are currently no noise walls present along the project site. • There is currently no SUP throughout the project site. • Current overpasses or related built form within the project area lack any design or STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 theme relating to the sites context, heritage or landscape. STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 ENHANCEMENT PROJECTS Wai Care is a water quality monitoring, education and action programme for Joins to previous page previous Joins to community groups, individuals, businesses and schools across the Auckland region. One of their projects is currently working with local Drury Schools to undertake riparian planting along Otuwairoa Stream (Slippery Creek).

• Pukekihiriki Pā (previoiusly Peach Hill) now has a Management Plan that is run by a Pu joint committee between Papakura Local Board and an advisory Kaitiaki group. • Auranga development has begun a riparian planting programme along areas of Ngakoroa Stream and Drury Creek. • Sustainable Coastlines in association with Love your Water Drury, have undertaken community planting days that have been successful in implementing riparian planting along Ngakoroa Stream and Drury Creek.

Photo Credit: Sustainable Coastlines - Love Your Water Drury

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 31 B10: URBAN DEVELOPMENT Karaka Drury East Drury West Connection Drury South Hingaia 1 - 3 Deelopment Future Mill Road Future Drury 1 - Auranga

STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 ! Joins to nextJoins to page

Pu NORTH  Paerata Ararimu Road Runciman See next page for legend

32 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND NETWORKS LEGEND A number of strategic transport networks have been identified with strong east west Project connections as the urban area develops.

Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents KARAKA The Karaka Precinct purpose is to provide continued use and development of the New

Papakura to Bombay Bombay to Papakura Main Roads Zealand Bloodstock Karaka Sales Centre.

Railway HINGAIA 1 - 3 Rail Corridor upgrade from This precinct is to be developed to provide for logical expansion of the existing Papakura to Pukekohe. Hingaia urban area. The development of the Park Estate Bridge will need to anticipate New train stations at Drury this future development with opportunities for stormwater and green infrastructure, Central and Drury West biodiversity and cross corridor connections. The areas will provide for integrated residential subdivision and neighbourhood centres, new Schools and large open New or improved transport spaces utilising stormwater management systems as future pedestrian and cycle corridor linkages. New or improved walking and cycling corridor DRURY 1 - AURANGA DEVELOPMENT The development of a local centre with intensive residential development, riparian STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 ! Safety improvements R and conservation management along Hingaia Stream and Drury Creek. STAGE 2 Existing and future growth Pa STAGE 1A DS areas D RUNCIMAN STAGE 1B1 Road Upgrades Rural countryside living opportunity integrated with the gentle hills and established vegetation. Waterways could be enhanced to improve terrestrial and aquatic New Transport Corridor biodiversity. Joins to previous page previous Joins to Safety Improvements DRURY SOUTH RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL The industrial precinct provides for industrial activities and employment opportunities an well as conservation zones around stormwater management. The residential zone is bound by SH1 to the west and the Drury South interchange proposed as part of this Pu Project will need to be coordinated with this precinct.

Photo Credit: Sustainable Coastlines - Love Your Water Drury Ararimu Road NZ Hothouse development Pukekohe Bombay

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 33 B11: PUBLIC POLICY

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e i b m r S d e u u a G h o C i n l c H ( A A i A D I T AUCKLAND UNITARY PLAN The purpose of the Auckland Unitary Plan is to assist the Council to carry out is LEGEND functions to achieve the purpose of the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA). It is the principle statutory planning document for Auckland. Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents Given the extent of the project area, the planning context varies along its length and Future Urban Zone includes a number of different zones. These gradually change from Mixed Residential (suburban), through to Light Industry, Future Urban, Mixed Rural and Rural. Residential - Mixed Housing Suburban Zone This context assists in identifying the character and land use patterns within the Residential - Mixed Housing Urban Zone project site that direct the varying design and mitigation treatments. Residnetial - Terrace Housing and Apartment Buildings Zone DRURY OPHEKE STRUCTURE PLAN The Auckland Unitary Plan has identified Drury-Opaheke as an area for future urban Business - Local Centre Zone growth and has been zoned Future Urban and guides how and where development Business - Heavy Industry Zone will occur.

Business - Light Industry Zone The Structure Plan provides a detailed examination of the opportunities and constraints relating to the land, including suitability for various activities (e.g. Open Space - Conservation Zone infrastructure). The Plan identifies the effects of development in regards to natural STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 Open Space - Sport and Active Recreation Zone heritage, Mana Whenua, natural resources, coastal environment, historic heritage and STAGE 2 R special character and how any effects can be avoided, remedied or mitigated. This Pa STAGE 1A DS Rural - Rural Prodiuction Zone Section of the document has informed Section D Anticipated Outcomes in this ULDF. D Rural - Mixed Use Zone STAGE 1B1 DRURY SOUTH INDUSTRIAL PRECINCT Rural - Rural Countryside Living Zone The Drury South Industrial Precinct is comprised of 361Ha of land that lies between

Joins to previous page previous Joins to the Drury and Ramarama interchanges on SH1. The AUP has identified specific Special Purpose Zone Objectives, Policy, Rules and Plans for the Industrial zones. Technical inputs have provided detail on potential pedestrian corridors, ecological corridor connections, stormwater management systems, network utility, infrastructure, land use changes and detailed stream and Wetland Rehabilitation Guidelines. Pu

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section B 35 36 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C SECTION C: STRATEGY

C1 VISION C2 CORRIDOR CHARACTER AREAS C3 PLANTING STRATEGY C4 STORMWATER STRATEGY C5 MULIT-MODAL TRANSPORT C6 OVERBRIDGES & UNDERPASSES STRATEGY C7 NOISE & VISUAL MITIGATION C8 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 37 NGAKOROA STREAM

38 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C1: VISION

The SH1 corridor is a dominant spine through the South Auckland landscape. It defines how travellers enter, leave and transit through South Auckland, and in a landscape that is undergoing significant change, it will remain a relatively static and familiar route that helps people orient and direct themselves. It is both a waharoa and an awa, a modern day route that people navigate.

Therefore, the urban and landscape design vision for the corridor is for it to reflect and celebrate the underlying natural and cultural landscape through which it passes. To allow users of the corridor to connect to familiar features that become wayfinding reference points along their journey. The intention is to create reference markers that signal points along the journey to help people recognise where they are.

In seeking to achieve this vision, it is recognised that much of the corridor is currently open, with wide visibility across a rural landscape. Such views are changing, and in time urban development will creep close to the motorway. As a result, more distant views to natural landscape features will diminish, and so it will become features closer OTUWAIROA to the motorway that need to be celebrated. But, where possible, the corridor should also seek to retain a sense of openness, balanced with providing visual and noise mitigation for future neighbours.

At the same time, the corridor provides a unique opportunity to provide a natural biodiversity corridor that connects the hill country around Pukekura with the coastal inlets at Pahurehure. Each of the interchanges can provide much needed space for sustainable planting and creation of habitat, where the plants along the corridor can become an important seed resource within a wider urban landscape. In addition, such planting can be designed to enhance water quality through effective management of stormwater.

VIEW FROM BOMBAY HILLS

BISHOP SELWYN MEMORIAL CAIRN PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 39 TĀMAKI MAKAURAU FOOD BOWL Joins to nextJoins to page

RĀNGAI 1 RĀNGAI 2 SETTLE & TRADE CULTIVATE & HARVEST

REFLECTING ON A COASTAL/URBAN LANDSCAPE REFLECTING ON A RURAL PRODUCTIVE LANDSCAPE

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40 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C2: CORRIDOR CHARACTER AREAS

Movement through the corridor follows a change in character and heritage land use from settlement and trading areas, through to rural cultivation ground before heading TĀMAKI MAKAURAU FOOD BOWL towards the Waikato over the higher ground. Early settlement patterns provide a model for land use and values.

The combined analysis of the cultural and physical landscape suggests the following character areas across the project:

RĀNGAI 1: SETTLE AND TRADE- COASTAL / URBAN The urban areas of Papakura and Drury have been desirable settlements for a long time because of its: • low ground; • accessiblity; and • rich resources.

RĀNGAI 2: CULTIVATE AND HARVEST - RURAL / PRODUCTIVE This character area is a highly productive landscape, both historically and currently. Its desirable qualities include: • its ‘middle ground’ location; • more accessible; • controlled and protected but traversable; and • resource-rich for produce and animal husbandry. RĀNGI 3: OBSERVE & DEFEND - CONSERVATION The Hunua Ranges and Bombay Hills have higher conservation values and

Joins to previous page previous Joins to commanding views over the Auckland Region. Its attributes are: • higher ground; • commanding views; • defensive; • inaccessible; • controlled; and • resource-rich for tools and inorganic materials.

Whilst the landscape is undergoing significant change, the development of the corridor can be reflective of the existing and historical character, retaining its role as a familiar route through a dynamic landscape. RĀNGAI 2 RĀNGAI 3 CULTIVATE & HARVEST OBSERVE & DEFEND

REFLECTING ON A RURAL PRODUCTIVE LANDSCAPE REFLECTING ON CONSERVATION

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 41 STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

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42 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C3: PLANTING STRATEGY

The vision for planting within the project corridor is to develop an ecological corridor between the southern hills and Manakau Harbour. This doesn’t need to be a wide LEGEND corridor, but one that is puntuated by nodes where possible, with links to existing green nodes within a few kilometres of the corridor (and particularly the area around Identified existing vegetation Otuwairoa). Primarily the green corridor is to be established as a seed source and for nodes/islands fauna navigation, rather than specific habitat, but additionally it will provide enhanced Potential & existing amenity outcomes. vegetation corridors along waterways to be achieved The plants used need to be resilient and able to be sustained over a long period by others of time in what is a relatively challenging growing environment. To ensure such longevity, plants should be sourced from a variety of locations to ensure localised Interchanges & areas identified for concentrated biodiversity. vegetation nodes The following methods will be used to achieve this vision: Integrated corridor • Retaining and enhancing native vegetation where possible; providing a green link fromthe southern hills and • Retaining and buffering natural watercourses; Pahurehure. • Using plant species that are resilient to the motorway environment, even if these have to be sourced from beyond the immediate ecological district or region; • Using a variety of plant species to maximise habitat and biodiversity, avoiding large swathes of single species planting; STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 • Ensuring that there is a variety of seed sources used for each species, STAGE 2 R avoiding cloning and enhancing natural diversity; Pa STAGE 1A DS • Using plants that can provide a natural seed-source and assist with D natural regeneration of spaces beyond the motorway corridor; and STAGE 1B1 • Ensuring high quality maintenance throughout the early stages of growth to maximise plant success and long-term resilience. Joins to previous page previous Joins to In addition, practical design requirements are as follows: • Elimination of grass areas as much as possible to reduce whole of life costs; • The use of climbing and screening plants to help soften and integrate motorway structures; • The use of existing planting standards (including P39 Specification) to ensure best Pu practice methodology; • Ensuring frangible and drooping plants that do not encroach on the road or SUP; and • Ensuring that there is adequate space for maintenance access.

Planting plans need to be developed that balance the requirements of the Planting Strategy with the wider urban design and landscape vision, which is to enhance localised features and reflect on historical cultural landscapes.

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 43 STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

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44 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C4: STORMWATER STRATEGY

The design vision for stormwater management is to retain and treat 100% of road surface discharge (including existing and new road surfaces) to exceed the Auckland LEGEND Council guidelines for Stormwater Management.

Identified existing vegetation The following methods will be used to achieve this vision: nodes/islands • Planting of swales with native vegetation to eliminate mowing, and to allow Potential & existing steeper embankments (noting maximum ideal gradients of 1V:3H); vegetation corridors along • Planting of swales with native vegetation to improve filtration of stormwater waterways to be achieved flows; by others • Application of biodegradable erosion control materials, avoiding the use of plastic-based (or infused) materials that might find their way into waterways; Interchanges & areas identified for concentrated • Enhancement of stream environments through the application of treatment vegetation nodes trains; • Enhancement of stream corridors through riparian planting; Integrated corridor • Naturalisation of the flow of water by contouring to more natural slopes (where providing a green link fromthe southern hills and space allows); Pahurehure. • Any discharge point ‘naturalised’ using rock rip rap; • Planting of filter strips should graduate from grasses, to sedges and into taller vegetation to filter sediments and enhance soil development; • Upgrade of wider Papakura wetland filtration systems where possible and proposed planting schemes to integrate them into the broader landscape, slow STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 water flows and enhance the water treatment process; STAGE 2 R • Chamfering and naturalisation of culverts to match the contour of the Pa STAGE 1A DS surrounding landform; and D • Only use proprietary devices when all other best practice approaches have been STAGE 1B1 exhausted. Joins to previous page previous Joins to

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 45 C5: MULTI-MODAL TRANSPORT

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46 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C5: MULTI-MODAL TRANSPORT

The vision for the SUP is to primarily provide a safe environment for users and prevent the unlawful entry from the path to neighbouring properties. Provide an opportunity LEGEND for interpretation, artwork, and wayfinding reflecting the korero provided by iwi and using both Te Reo Māori and English. Papakura to Pukewhau (Bombay) Project extents The vision will be achieved through the following methods: • Finish the path with a high quality surface; Main Roads • In all ‘T’ intersections, include safety devices such as chicanes; Railway • Provide ground wayfinding signage; • Provide signage for all local and regional connections; Rail Corridor upgrade from • Undertake a lighting assessment and install lighting where required; Papakura to Pukekohe. • Where possible, lighting should be incorporated within other infrastructure such New train stations at Drury as signage, balustrading, path surfaces, seating etc and assist in the narrative; Central and Drury West • Match safety fences to SUP fences; • Design with CPTED Principles to reduce security risks and increase safety; New or improved transport • Where possible balustrades and fencing will be provided along both sides of the corridor shared path; New or improved walking • Fencing will be visually permeable, 1.8m high and recessive in colour and design; and cycling corridor • Opportunities to set the barrier back from the SUP should be taken and vegetation can help mitigate its appearance; and ! Safety improvements • Seating areas, lighting and artwork (if any) can all reference the korero and result STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 in high quality urban design outcomes. STAGE 2 R Existing and future growth Pa STAGE 1A DS areas D Road Upgrades STAGE 1B1 New Transport Corridor

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PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 47 STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 R Pa STAGE 1A DS D STAGE 1B1 Joins to nextJoins to page

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48 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C6: OVERBRIDGES & UNDERPASSES STRATEGY

The design vision for overbridges and underpasses is to ensure each overbridge is considered in the context of the wider corridor, which will include other bridges and LEGEND structures outside of the project area (such as Te Mara o Hine at Pescara Point), and sequentially reference the overall urban design vision to reflect on historical cultural Papakura to Pukewhau landscapes and narratives. (Bombay) Project extents At the same time, each overbridge or underpass needs to be considered for its Main Roads significance in terms of providing a navigatable route across the corridor, linking the Railway east to the west. Each structure needs to enhance the users crossing the motorway, bringing them into the overall corridor narrative. New or upgraded overbridges The designs for the bridges need to be legible and clear, so that the narratives aren’t lost in the engineering detail. New or upgraded underpasses Equally, the structures need to have longevity. They need to be designed for the future New pedestrian underpass environment, with built in capacity, whilst being safe to navigate over or through. They need to prevent vandalism and graffiti, and discourage people from lingering around them.

The vision will be achieved through the following methods: • Using this framework to identify appropriate design responses for each bridge; STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 • Use a consistent, logical and well defined architectural style across all bridges in STAGE 2 R the project; Pa STAGE 1A DS • Consider the form and proportion of the bridge to minimise the bridge profile, D and ensure the bridge is of a scale that relates to people and vehicles that cross STAGE 1B1 over or under it; • Utilisation of colour, material and texture to assist with visual amenity; Joins to previous page previous Joins to • Giving consideration to both the ‘over bridge’ and ‘under bridge’ experience - how will people experience the bridge at different speeds and at different proximities; • Keeping the design simple - don’t over-complicate with detailed textures or colouring; • Ensuring that any themes or designs are incorporated into the design of the bridge itself, rather than being ‘bolt-on’ adornments; Pu • For open abutments, considering the under bridge treatments i.e. rough rock surfacing or kowhaiwhai pattern brickwork; • Extending the bridge barrier back to provide a strong form to the bridge; and • Ensuring spaces beneath bridges are safe, do not attract graffiti and can be easily maintained.

To help achieve the overbridge design vision, Mana Whenua have indicated their willingness to assist in developing narratives and artistic concepts that can be incorporated into the bridge design.

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 49 C7: NOISE & VISUAL MITIGATION

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50 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C C7: NOISE & VISUAL MITIGATION

The vision will be achieved through the following methods: • Seamlessly tie into noise barriers constructed within the neighbouring Southern LEGEND Corridor; • Use a colour palette that reflects the local area; Papakura to Pukewhau • Ideally the height of the noise barriers should follow the landform to create a (Bombay) Project extents continuous line.; • Ensure there is a minimum of 3 panel spans before a change in the direction of Main Roads height; Railway • Where a vertical structure is used to extend the height or provide screening ensure any vertical elements are aligned with the vertical elements on the wall; Closed viewshaft • Where a noise barrier is on top of a retaining wall, ensure that the transition between the two structures is seamless so they appear as a single structure; Open viewshaft • Retaining walls should be designed to ensure that maintenance access can be Significant views beyond the provided and graffiti protection is in place; and road corridor • In some places noise walls can be extended beyond the acoustic engineering minimum mitigation to ensure consistency of design.

VIEWSHAFTS STAGE 1B2 STAGE 3 • Expansive view opportunities; STAGE 2 R • Elevated locations; and Pa STAGE 1A DS • Variation between open and closed road corridors. D STAGE 1B1 Joins to previous page previous Joins to

PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 51 C8: OTHER ELEMENTS

CPTED

Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a tool for developing the ULDF to enhance the users experience and comfort of the environment.

Principles include:

• Surveillance - good design will provide opportunities for informal surveillance.

• Natural access control - physical design that attracts people to some places and restricts them from others.

• Territorial reinforcement - is installed by features that define property lines and distinguish private spaces from public spaces such as landscape plantings, pavement designs, entranceway treatments, and low fences.

• Quality environment and space management - Vandalism can be reduced by the use of sturdy materials, and speedy and careful maintenance and repair.

Qualities that should be considered are:

• Safe Access • Surveillance and Lighting • Layout • Activity Mix • Sense of Ownership • Quality Environments • Physical Protection

52 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C 53 54 PAPAKURA TO PUKEWHAU | Section C