REPORT Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt Damage Estimates

Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks by IBI Group and Golder Associates Ltd. #103133 | March 2017 IBI GROUP 500 – Meredith Block, 611 Meredith Road NE Calgary AB T2E 2W5 Canada tel 403 270 5600 fax 403 270 5610 ibigroup.com

March 27, 2017

Mr. Peter Brundin Watershed Integration Specialist Government of Alberta - Environment and Parks Strategic Integration and Projects Great West Life Building, 4th Floor 9920 - 108 Street Edmonton, AB T5K 2M4

Dear Mr. Brundin:

PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY - TOWN OF WHITECOURT DAMAGE ESTIMATES Enclosed please find the final report for the aforementioned assignment. The report describes in detail flood damages for the Town of Whitecourt under a range of return frequencies from 1:2- year to 1:1000-year. Damages were calculated employing updated curves and the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Tool (PFDAT) developed specifically to assess damages within the Province of Alberta. Should you have any questions or require additional information please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned.

Yours truly, IBI GROUP

Stephen Shawcross David Sol Director Senior Planner SS/mp cc: Andrew Wilson, Government of Alberta - Environment and Parks

J:\103133_FldDmgAssmnt\10.0 Reports\10.5 Text\Whitecourt\PTL-Brundin-GovofAB-PFDAS-Whitecourt_2017-03-27.docx\2017-05-02\MP

IBI Group Professional Services (Canada) Inc. is a member of the IBI Group of companies

Report

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates

Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks by IBI Group and Golder Associates Ltd.

March 2017

IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Table of Contents

Executive Summary ...... 1

1 Introduction ...... 4 1.1 Background ...... 4 1.2 Purpose ...... 4 1.3 Scope and Deliverables ...... 4

2 Best Practices Review ...... 5

3 Methodology ...... 6 3.1 Preamble ...... 6 3.2 Flood Elevations ...... 6 3.3 Floodway/Flood Fringe ...... 7 3.4 Adjacent-To Areas ...... 8 3.5 Direct Damage Estimates ...... 8 3.5.1 Creation of the Building Inventory ...... 8 3.5.1.1 Data Sources ...... 8 3.5.1.2 Populating the Inventory Fields ...... 9 3.5.2 Updating Stage-Damage Curves to 2016 Values ...... 10 3.5.3 Updating Adjustment Indexes by Location ...... 10 3.5.4 Infrastructure Damages ...... 11 3.6 Indirect Damages ...... 11 3.6.1 Loss as a Percentage of Direct Damages ...... 11 3.6.2 Business Disruption Damage Curves ...... 12 3.6.2.1 Loss as Function of Productivity and Duration ...... 12

3.6.2.1.1 Productivity Values...... 13 3.6.2.1.2 Duration of Business Disruption ...... 13 3.6.2.2 Incorporation in Damage Model ...... 15 3.6.3 Residential Displacement ...... 15 3.6.3.1 Costs ...... 15 3.6.3.2 Displacement Period ...... 16

3.6.3.2.1 Rental Units ...... 16 3.6.3.2.2 Incorporation in Damage Model ...... 16 3.6.4 Infrastructure Indirect Damage ...... 17 3.7 Intangible Damages ...... 17 3.7.1 Public Health & Quality of Life ...... 17

March 2017 i IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Table of Contents (continued)

3.8 Total Damage Estimates ...... 18 3.9 Average Annual Damages ...... 18

4 Town of Whitecourt ...... 19 4.1 Background ...... 19 4.2 Context ...... 19 4.3 History of Flooding ...... 20 4.4 Floodplain Mapping ...... 20 4.5 Inventory of Buildings ...... 20 4.6 Direct Damage Estimates ...... 21 4.6.1 Overland Flooding ...... 21 4.6.2 Sewer Backup/Groundwater Flooding ...... 21 4.7 Indirect Damage Estimates ...... 22 4.7.1 Commercial Indirect Damages – Business Interruption ...... 22 4.7.2 Residential Indirect Damages ...... 23 4.8 Infrastructure, Flood Fighting, and Emergency Response ...... 23 4.9 Total Damages ...... 23 4.10 Average Annual Damages ...... 24

5 Rural Properties ...... 24

6 Bibliography ...... 25

Appendix A – Alberta Government Bulletin: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

Appendix B – Whitecourt Flood Hazard Mapping

Appendix C – Residential Classification Scheme

Appendix D – Depth-Damage Curves and Values

Appendix E – Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping

March 2017 ii IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Executive Summary Introduction Background Flood damage estimates are required for evaluating the cost effectiveness of projects designed to alleviate flood impacts. In 2014, IBI Group developed the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Tool (PFDAT) for the Province of Alberta. The PFDAT enables the standardized calculation of flood damages for varying levels of inundation within a community. Purpose and Scope The purpose of this project is to use the PFDAT to develop community-specific damage models for different flood frequencies for the Town of Whitecourt. The scope is as follows: a. Review of international best practices related to flood damage assessment. b. Updating of residential, commercial, and industrial synthetic depth-damage curves to current economic values and local costs in Whitecourt. c. Inventory of all structures located in the flood hazard area. d. Application of the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Tool to develop community-specific damages for different flood frequencies. e. Preparation of a final risk assessment report for each community describing direct and indirect damage for various flood frequencies.

Best Practices Review As part of the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study of 2015, IBI Group researched industry best practices related to flood damage assessment and provided a comprehensive summary of the findings. Best practices were identified and incorporated into the approach and project deliverables for the aforementioned project. Since that time the study team has continued to research and refine the methodologies, with particular emphasis on the monetization of intangible impacts, as well as indirect damages related to the cost of business interruption and residential dislocation. For the latter, additional damage functions have been developed that have been incorporated into the PFDAT model and run as stand-alone routines/outputs. Further analysis of the literature indicates that these refinements to the Provincial model are on the leading edge of best practices worldwide.

Methodology Direct Damages Damages for residential, commercial, and industrial units are estimated employing the updated synthetic depth-damage curves developed for general usage in Alberta in combination with community-specific property and flood elevation data. The base of the property data is GIS building created by IBI Group. Each building was coded for use class, structure type, main floor area, presence of basement or underground parking, main floor elevation from grade, and elevation of grade at the building. The source of flood elevation data for the Whitecourt study was the Draft Flood Hazard Identification Study of the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers - Woodland County and Town of Whitecourt, prepared for Woodlands County and Environment and Sustainable Resource Development in 2015. GIS cross-sections and bare-earth DEM elevations were provided by Alberta Environment and Parks. Golder Associates prepared flood elevation surfaces and inundation extent polygons for the purposes of damage estimation.

March 2017 1 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Indirect Damages Indirect damages are additional costs beyond the physical damage to property that arise as a result of flooding. This includes residential displacement and business interruption. There is also an increasing awareness of the severity of intangible costs such as stress, anxiety, and community disruption. These costs have typically been acknowledged and applied as a percentage of direct damage. For this study, additional depth-damage functions were created for business interruption and residential displacement. Intangible costs were assigned per household with direct damage based on the results of willingness-to-pay studies.

Town of Whitecourt Background The Town of Whitecourt lies in northwestern Alberta within Woodlands County, approximately 177 km northwest of Edmonton at the confluence of the Athabasca River and the McLeod River. The McLeod River runs through the western side of Whitecourt and the Athabasca River running along the north side of town. History of Flooding Historic flooding in the area consists of both open-water and ice-jam flooding. The most recent flood on record was on July 25-26, 2012, a minor high-water flood of the Athabasca River. While examining flood records, it is evident that flooding due to ice-jams is becoming less prevalent, and high water floods are becoming more frequent. The last recorded flood due to ice-jamming was in 1963. Floodplain Mapping The 2015 Flood Hazard Identification Study mapped the 1:100-year open water flood on the Athabasca River and the 1:100-year ice-jam flood on the McLeod River. For the purposes of this study, open-water flood elevation mapping on for all return periods on both rivers was created to show areas where the flood elevation was higher than grade. The flood elevation was obtained by extending the 2015 cross sections and producing a surface between them. The grade elevation was obtained from the bare-earth digital elevation model provided by Alberta Parks and Environment. The results of this mapping is contained in Appendix E. Inventory of Buildings Within Whitecourt, 1155 buildings were classified. Of these, 959 were houses (single-family, duplex, townhouse, or mobile home). Only 21 were classified as apartment buildings. There were 175 non-residential buildings. Outside of Whitecourt, an additional 117 rural buildings were identified. Damage Estimates The flood damage estimates in Exhibit 1 reflect total potential damages for the various return periods. Damages are presented as being caused by overland flooding and sewer backup/groundwater flooding. Overland flooding is caused when the modeled river flood elevation is greater than that of the ground surface. Sewer backup or groundwater flooding is caused when the modeled flood elevation is below the ground surface, within 75 m of overland flooding, at the location of a basement. Sewer backup can occur when the river rises and enters the system or causes groundwater infiltration. High groundwater during a flood may also directly infiltrate basements through foundation walls or penetrations.

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Exhibit 1: Total Flood Damages by Return Frequency

Average Annual Damages The average annual damage (AAD) cost from flooding is a common performance indicator used to measure the level of potential flood damages. It expresses the costs of flood damage as a uniform annual amount based on the potential damages inflicted by a range of flood magnitudes. In other words, AAD are the cumulative damages occurring from various flood events over an extended period of time averaged for the same timeframe. The average annual damage is obtained by integrating the area under the damage-probability curve which depicts total damage versus probability of occurrence.

The unmitigated total potential flood damages amount to $940,000 in average annual damages. Of this, approximately $530,000 is a result of sewer backup or groundwater infiltration risk. Average annual damages to the rural property outside of Whitecourt was calculated to be $240,000.

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1 Introduction 1.1 Background Flood damage estimates are required for evaluating the cost effectiveness of projects designed to alleviate flood impacts. In 2014, IBI Group developed the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Tool (PFDAT) for the Province of Alberta. The PFDAT enables the standardized calculation of flood damages for varying levels of inundation within a community. This is accomplished by employing three sets of data: inundation damage curves; community-specific property data; and community-specific flood elevation data. Use of the PFDAT permits comparative benefit/cost analyses of proposed flood mitigation measures to be performed within communities for which the community models have been developed. The original Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study can be found at the following link: https://open.alberta.ca/publications/7032365

1.2 Purpose The purpose of this project is to use the PFDAT to develop community-specific damage models for different flood frequencies for three Alberta communities – the Town of Canmore, the Town of Okotoks, and the Town of Whitecourt. This analysis is concerned with the Town of Whitecourt.

1.3 Scope and Deliverables a. Review of international best practices related to flood damage assessment. b. Updating of residential, commercial, and industrial synthetic depth-damage curves to current economic values. c. Updating of adjustment indexes for use in the three flood prone communities. d. Inventory of all structures located in the flood hazard area (privately, government and municipal owned). e. Application of the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Tool to develop community-specific damage models for different flood frequencies. f. Preparation of a final risk assessment report for each community describing direct and indirect damage for various flood frequencies.

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2 Best Practices Review

As part of the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study of 2015, IBI Group researched industry best practices related to flood damage assessment and provided a comprehensive summary of the findings. Best practices were identified and incorporated into the approach and project deliverables for the aforementioned project. Since that time the study team has continued to research and refine the methodologies, with particular emphasis on the monetization of intangible impacts, as well as indirect damages related to the cost of business interruption and residential dislocation. For the latter, additional damage functions have been developed that have been incorporated into the PFDAT model and run as stand-alone routines/outputs. Further analysis of the literature indicates that these refinements to the Provincial model are on the leading edge of best practices worldwide. The convergence of social, environmental, and economic issues with disaster mitigation under the umbrella of climate change adaptation has stimulated the field of risk assessment. However, much of the recently published work is theoretical or academic in nature. In terms of monetary damage estimation practices, the diversity of the purposes combined with difference in the availability of data and resources mean that there are many different techniques currently employed.1 For direct damages, the use of synthetic depth-damage curves is the standard technique within flood risk management. Object-based approaches that assess individual building characteristics and flood exposure are the state-of-the-art but require large amounts of data and effort. The PFDAT was originally developed to read a flood elevation table based on cross-section information, or reaches (HEC-RAS). The flood depth for each building was based on an average of the two cross-section values that bound the reach it was in. Golder and IBI have since developed a more detailed methodology that can accommodate newer modelling methods and enhance the use of cross-section tables. A GIS raster surface is created to assign a flood elevation to each building independently. In combination with accurate ground elevation data, this allows for the identification of flood areas that are either contiguous with the river channel flow or isolated. Additionally, the creation of surface files for each event means they can be clipped at a distance relative to the edge of inundation for each event for the sewer backup option. Indirect and intangible impacts are receiving greater attention and, in some cases, shown to be as significant as direct costs.2 Despite this, there remains very limited useful data upon which to assess indirect or intangible damages and no consensus on methodologies.3 This leaves a conspicuous gap between current theory and practice as well as great disparity within practice. A major reason there are no practical examples of studies that reflect the most robust and detailed disaster loss estimate theory may be that it requires location-specific details that are not readily transferable. Thus the great time and cost make it prohibitive and the necessary data may be unattainable. Due to these limitations, arriving at the ‘total cost’ of a flood by summing estimates for all the components is not feasible. There are, however, some general methods available that allow for the consideration of monetized indirect and intangible impacts. The methods and the incorporation of them into the PFDAT are detailed in Sections 3.6 and 3.7.

1 Frank Messner, Edmund Penning-Rowsel, Colin Green, Volker Meyer, Sylvia Tunstall, and Anne van der Veen, Evaluating flood damages: guidance and recommendations on principles and methods: Floodsite Report T09-06-01, Helmholz 2 Joseph, Rotimi, David G. Proverbs, Jessica E. Lamond, and Peter Wassell. "The Costs of Flooding on Households." Water Resources in the Built Environment: Management Issues and Solutions (2014): 249-257. 3 Melanie Gall and Sönke Kreft, “Measuring What Matters?” A suitability analysis of loss and damage databases for the climate change convention process, Loss and Damage in Vulnerable Countries Initiative (2013).

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3 Methodology To allow for a consistent approach to the evaluation of flood mitigation alternatives, the Province has adopted a standard methodology for flood damage assessment. It is briefly summarized hereinafter. For a more detailed description of best practices, principles and guidelines, refer to the Alberta Government Bulletin contained in Appendix A. 3.1 Preamble In a flood event, direct damages can occur both to buildings and infrastructure because of the inundation (hydrostatic effects) and action of the moving water (hydrodynamic effects). Direct flood damages to residential dwellings includes both content and structural damages as well as the clean-up costs. Flood damages for commercial properties includes damage to inventory, equipment, and buildings in addition to clean-up costs. As with the residential component, these damages are generally calculated separately for contents and structures. The commercial structures, due to the nature, range, and diversity of business activities, do not demonstrate the same uniformity in terms of damage per unit as residential structures. Consequently, categorization is a much more complicated procedure, and the grouping of similar functions for the purposes of estimating flood damages is done in order to maintain study costs within economic reason. In a first principles approach, damages for residential, commercial, and industrial units are estimated employing the updated synthetic depth-damage curves developed for general usage in Alberta. On an ongoing basis, curves are indexed to current values employing Consumer Price, Household Expenditure, and Construction Cost indexes ratios that allow for the conversion of the original base year values to present day values. Flood events also cause indirect damages. These damages generally include such things as:  Costs of evacuation.  Alternative accommodation during the flood event.  Loss of wages and business income due to disruption of business establishments and transportation routes.  Administrative costs.  Flood fighting costs.  General inconvenience.  Stress and anxiety. Finally, and most importantly, flooding may represent a threat to human life and well-being, not only for those residing directly within the floodplain, but also for those individuals who may work within the area as well as those volunteers and professionals who are involved in flood fighting activities (see Exhibit 3.1). 3.2 Flood Elevations Flood elevations are generally obtained by one of the following methods:  Direct measurements taken during an actual flood event.  High watermark surveys taken after the flood peak has passed.  Recorded levels at Water Survey of Canada Hydrometric stations.  Computed by numerical computer models that have been developed to simulate flows in river and stream channels and across floodplain (overbank) areas. The source of flood elevation data for the Whitecourt study was the Flood Hazard Identification Study of the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers - Woodland County and Town of Whitecourt, prepared for Woodlands County and Environment and Sustainable Resource Development in 2015 (See Appendix B for the 1:100-year flood hazard mapping from that study).

March 2017 6 Types of Flood Damage Types of Flood Damage

Feasibility Study - Athabasca River Basins Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – EXHIBIT 3.6 Town of Whitecourt: DamaMayge 2014 Estimates EXHIBIT 3.1 March 2017 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

For the governing design flood (1:100-year), the Flood Hazard Identification Study indicated that an ice-jam flood level may exceed the open-water flood level on the McLeod river and the 1:100- year ice jam profile was used for the creation of the flood hazard mapping. Due to the difficulty of predicting where an ice jam will occur and its extent, a single jam throughout the entire study reach was modelled. This was done to delineate the potential extent any one location, not to model an actual ice-jam flood event. Therefore, the information cannot be used to estimate the damages associated with a potential single event. Additionally, the ice-jam elevations were only produced for the 1:100-year event, precluding the calculation of Average Annual Damages. For these reasons, this report is based on open-water flood events on both the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. GIS cross-sections and bare-earth DEM elevations were provided by Alberta Environment and Parks. Golder Associates prepared flood elevation surfaces and inundation extent polygons for each return period based on the elevations in the cross section files for each return period (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, 1:500, and 1:1000-year floods). The cross-sections were extended, where necessary, to fully cover the study area. 3.3 Floodway/Flood Fringe The accompanying exhibits (see Exhibit 3.2 and Exhibit 3.3) describe the criteria employed in defining the floodway/flood fringe and adjacent-to area. The floodway is typically defined as the area of deepest and fastest flows, with the flood fringe being that area within the overall floodplain which may suffer only shallow flooding and consequently may accommodate development with the provision that floodproofing measures are implemented. Exhibit 3.2: Aerial View of Flood Hazard Area

Exhibit 3.3: Cross-Section of Flood Hazard Area a

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3.4 Adjacent-To Areas Areas outside the floodplain can be subjected to basement sewer backup flooding, primarily through seepage of floodwaters into the sanitary sewer system. To account for this potential flood damage, an adjacent-to area was delineated based on a distance of two dwelling units or ±75 m from the overland inundation edge for each return period. Essentially, with the sewer backup condition, basements with floor elevations lower than the floodwaters will automatically suffer damages. Exhibit 3.4 depicts this relationship.

3.5 Direct Damage Estimates For the purposes of computing direct damage estimates for the study area all residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional structures within the identified flood hazard area are inventoried and damages computed employing the Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Tool (PFDAT) developed specifically for Alberta. The inventory was compiled using a combination of GIS mapping, assessment data, and field verification described below.

3.5.1 Creation of the Building Inventory Along with the depth-damage functions and flood elevation table, the building inventory is one of the major inputs for the PFDAT program. In addition to location and identifying attributes, the building inventory must, at a minimum, contain the following information for each building or parcel to be assessed:  Use classification.  Structural classification.  Main floor area.  Presence of basement or underground parking.  Main floor elevation relative to grade.  Elevation of grade at building.

3.5.1.1 Data Sources The Town of Whitecourt did not have GIS data available for this study. The town initially provided a set of addresses with assessment classification and gross floor area. These addresses had been previously identified as being at risk of flooding. A GIS point file was created from the addresses. It was determined that the new flood level mapping to the 1:1000- year event covered many more properties than the original set of addresses contained. Additional points were created using a high-resolution aerial orthophoto in GIS. The building footprint area was also estimated with GIS during this process based on the photography.

March 2017 8 Adjacent-To Area Definition Diagram Adjacent-To Area Definition Diagram

1:100 YEAR FLOODLINE 1:100 YEAR FLOODLINE + 2 RESIDENTIAL STREETS

LIMIT OF BASEMENT ‘ADJACENT - TO’ AREA FLOODING

3 LIMIT OF SURFACE 2 FLOODING 1 TYPICAL 2.5M BASEMENT DEPTH

FLOOR DRAINS OR FIXTURES

SANITARY SEWER

MANHOLE FLOODED BY HOUSE 1 - FULL BASEMENT FLOODING SURFACE WATER OR HOUSE 2 - PARTIAL BASEMENT FLOODING INFILTRATION/LEAKAGE HOUSE 3 - NO FLOODING BEYOND ADJACENT AREA (WATER MAY ALSO ENTER SEWER SYSTEM FROM FLOODED HOUSES WITHIN THE FLOODLINE)

THE ‘ADJACENT - TO’ AREA IS THE AREA ADJOINING THE FLOODED SURFACE AREA IN WHICH BASEMENTS MAY BE FLOODED BY BACKED UP SANITARY SEWERS

Feasibility Study - Athabasca River Basins Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – EXHIBIT 3.8 Town of Whitecourt: DamaMayge 2014 Estim ates EXHIBIT 3.4 March 2017 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

3.5.1.2 Populating the Inventory Fields To facilitate the visual classification of buildings, IBI Group has developed a tool that allows entry of building attributes directly from Google Earth. The shapefile was converted to a KML file for importing into Google Earth Pro. In that file, one of the fields contains HTML code that creates a popup portal with the required fields when a user clicks on a building. The Google Earth tool is illustrated in Exhibit 3.5 Exhibit 3.5: Building Classification Tool in Google Earth

The following fields were used for this study:  Elevation: the height of the main floor from grade.  Class: the use according to depth-damage curves. (See Appendices C & D.)  Structure: the structure type according to the depth-damage curves.  Number of units: the total number of residential dwelling units on the main and upper floors. This is used for the residential displacement function when a unit count is not available from assessment data.  Number of storeys: the number of commercial floors. This is used for the business interruption function.  Basement: Yes or No for the presence of a basement or underground parking.  Comments: this is for special notes relating to the building, such as the need for further verification. Some buildings were obscured or otherwise difficult to assess in this manner due to trees or shrubs, locations behind other buildings or on private roadways, or construction activity.

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3.5.2 Updating Stage-Damage Curves to 2016 Values All synthetic depth-damage curves were updated to 2016 economic values using IBI Group’s flood-specific methodology. As part of the 2015 Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study, custom indexes were developed in recognition that existing commonly employed indexes were not sufficient to account for the specific type of damages caused by residential flooding. This custom index uses the Survey of Household Spending (SHS) to capture changes in content value more realistically than the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which measures goods of unchanging quality. The original depth-damage curves were created using 2014 prices (see Appendix D). The SHS is annual but current-year results are not available. The 2015 survey was released January 27 20174. The Alberta values from this survey were used to update the residential content damages. Specific spending categories were weighted according to the distribution of contents that comprise the depth-damage curves. Non-residential content values were adjusted using the CPI special aggregate “Goods” for Alberta.5 Structural curves were updated using current construction price indexes specific to the type of building, accounting for price changes in materials, labour, overhead and profit. Construction price indexes are published quarterly by Statistics Canada and currently available to the end of 2016. For both residential (building only) and non-residential construction, the Calgary price indexes indicate a reduction in costs compared to 2014.6

3.5.3 Updating Adjustment Indexes by Location In addition to changes in time, there are regional variations across Alberta markets. Accordingly, IBI Group developed a spatial index for adjusting flood-specific residential contents costs throughout the Province. As with the adjustments between years, a flood-specific “basket of goods” and weighting were used. Government of Alberta Finance and Enterprise publish the Alberta Spatial Price Survey approximately every five years. The most recent survey was released in November 2016 containing prices from the spring of that year. The study compares the price of various goods across Alberta communities with a methodology similar to how the CPI compares goods across time. Whitecourt was one of the communities surveyed and the results from Calgary and Whitecourt were weighted and then indexed to produce a multiplier. Construction costs also vary between locations based on labour markets and material availability. However, there are no regularly published surveys for Alberta communities. Structural damages were adjusted according to the latest location factors from available sources including Alberta Infrastructure, the Alberta Disaster Recovery funding formula7, and IBI Group’s extensive industry experience in Alberta.

4 http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=3508 5 Statistics Canada Table 326-0021 Consumer Price Index, annual 6 Statistics Canada Table 327-0044 Price indexes of apartment and non-residential building construction, by type of building and major sub-trade group, quarterly & Table 327-0056 New housing price index, quarterly 7 https://www.alberta.ca/estimated-residential-construction-cost.cfm

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Exhibit 3.6 summarizes the combined spatial and temporal indexes used to apply the 2014 Calgary depth-damage curves to Whitecourt.

Exhibit 3.6: Whitecourt Indexes Category Index Residential Contents 1.0365 Non-Residential Contents 1.0169 House Structure 1.1084 Apartment Structure 1.1302 Office Structure 1.1108 Retail Structure 1.1134 Industrial Structure 1.0908 Institutional Structure 1.1302

3.5.4 Infrastructure Damages Infrastructure damages (such as highways, bridges, railroads, and utilities) are typically determined by the Municipality, or alternatively, a percentage of direct damages applied to represent potential damages to infrastructure. Infrastructure damages would also include property that is not represented by a building with a depth-damage function, such as campgrounds or golf courses. Considering this, a value of 20% of direct overland damages was used for this study.

3.6 Indirect Damages Indirect damages include such things as costs of evacuation, employment losses, administrative costs, net loss of normal profit and earnings to capital, management and labour, and general inconvenience. Indirect damages are best evaluated by developing a checklist of potential effects and methodically assessing each one. The checklist would logically include the amount of use and the duration of interruption of transportation and communication facilities, the number of workers and farmers depending on closed plants and the amount of business lost through a flood emergency. The magnitude of each effect may be estimated by interviewing those affected during recent floods and unit economic values may be assigned by market analysis, accounting for substitution and transactions that are merely delayed. Finally, the results may be summed to render a total value for indirect damages. The complexity of the above evaluation process has led agencies to estimate indirect damages from direct damages based on percentages of direct damages. The ratios are chosen based on a review of the literature, empirical evidence, and expert opinion. For indirect damages that are associated with buildings, such as business disruption and residential displacement, another approach is to develop synthetic depth-damage curves.

3.6.1 Loss as a Percentage of Direct Damages Values can range from 10% to 45% for specific land use categories but are commonly calculated as being 20% of direct damages. The Canada-Saskatchewan Flood Damage Reduction Program uniformly applied an indirect damage calculation of 20% of all categories (combined) of direct damages. This figure is in keeping with guidelines developed by the U.S. Soil Conservation Services who in the past suggested the following ranges for indirect damages:

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 Agricultural 5% to 10%  Residential 10% to 15%  Commercial/Industrial 15% to 20%  Highways, Bridges, Railroads 15% to 25%  Utilities 15% to 20%

3.6.2 Business Disruption Damage Curves Businesses in buildings impacted by a flood will experience disruption of their normal operations. This may occur due to damage to the business’ structure, equipment, and inventory; or because they have no access due to evacuations, road closures, or loss of utility services. The impact of a major flood event on businesses is complex and varied. The major indirect loss results from disruption of business activities during the flood and restoration process. Estimating these tangible damages is described in the following sections. Other factors that may contribute to business losses are variable, such as the cost of loans vs. relief funds, or the relationship of the business to the specific location (foot traffic and attractions, among others) or to other affected services and suppliers.

3.6.2.1 Loss as Function of Productivity and Duration Monetary business disruption losses can be modeled as loss of economic flows for a certain duration. Lost sales, revenues, or profits can be the most relatable indicator of impact and it is common to see reference to such figures. However, downtime reduces expenses as well profits. Sales, profits, and expenses are components of value added, which is a better measure for the net of flows in a company8. A key principle of damage evaluation is to avoid summing stock and flow values. Doing so could be double counting because the value of a capital good is the present value of the income flow it generates over the rest of its useful life. However, in the case of a temporary business interruption, the loss of stocks (equipment, inventory), and the loss of flows (productivity during the interruption) can be summed because they each represent different components of damages9. Labour productivity is the ratio between an industry’s value added and hours worked. It thus allows loss to be measured by duration. Following the June 2013 flooding in Southern Alberta, Statistics Canada conducted a special Labour Force Survey that included questions about the impact of the flood on hours worked. They found that a total of 5.1 million hours were lost in Alberta. This survey collected data for only the last two weeks of June. Many additional hours were spent in response to the flood, however all industries except utilities and public administration experienced a net loss during those two weeks. In September 2013, the Government of Alberta issued an ‘Economic Commentary’ using this information as a basis for estimating business losses that were experienced. An estimate of GDP lost by the private sector was made using each industry’s 2012 labour productivity amount multiplied by the industry’s lost hours. The resultant loss estimate amounted to $485 million in 2007 dollars10. While the estimate based on the labour force survey is informative, it does not provide a readily repeatable method and may not accurately reflect actual loss. Offices do not operate like a factory and the temporary closure of offices would not cause shutdown of related production. Using only the hours from such a survey does not consider time made up or work otherwise

8 FEMA, Hazus-MH Technical Manual. 9 Frank Messner, Edmund Penning-Rowsel, Colin Green, Volker Meyer, Sylvia Tunstall, and Anne van der Veen, Evaluating flood damages: guidance and recommendations on principles and methods: Floodsite Report T09-06-01, Helmholz Unweltforschungszentrum (UFZ), 2007. 10 Statistics Canada publishes the productivity figures in a chained Fisher index, with 2007 as the base year.

March 2017 12 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

caught up after the flood. On the other hand, small businesses such as retail and restaurants that suffered direct inundation of their buildings would certainly experience loss for a greater period of time than the survey would capture. With productivity and restoration time assumptions detailed below, a business interruption depth-damage curve was created and applied to each commercial building in the study area.

3.6.2.1.1 Productivity Values Statistics Canada provides hourly labour productivity per worker for various industry classifications at the provincial level.11 Daily productivity per square metre of floor area can be determined by dividing the employee productivity amount by the typical floor area per employee and then multiplying by the daily operating hours, as detailed in Exhibit 3.7. Exhibit 3.7: Daily Productivity per Square Metre

m² per Productivity Operating Productivity/ Classification Employee $/hour Hours/Week Day/m2 A1 General Office 23 $98.44 45 $20.72 C7 Retail 33 $35.11 65 $9.88 I1 Restaurant 33 $23.48 80 $8.13 L1 Warehouse/Industrial 70 $66.50 65 $8.82

The General Office productivity value for Whitecourt was calculated as a weighted average based on the labour force composition of the town from the National Household Survey. The number of workers in each industry was multiplied by that industry’s productivity value. The sum of those values was then divided by the total number of workers. Statistics Canada publishes productivity in chained base-year dollars. To express these in current dollars, the latest Implicit Price Deflator (provided quarterly).12 Productivity is not a measure applied to the public sector. Damages associated with buildings identified as public (i.e., schools, government offices, and hospitals) should be considered as part of intangible impact evaluation.

3.6.2.1.2 Duration of Business Disruption An effective business interruption period was estimated using the building restoration time along with assumptions about the maximum business interruption time and the percentage of partial recovery at that time. Building Restoration Few methods of determining the average length of disruption have been suggested in the literature. Analysis of past events also indicates that restoration times vary greatly and are generally influenced by factors not directly attributed to flood damages such as additional improvements, changes, and pre-existing deficiencies. As with the direct damages, it is important to only consider the restoration to a previous state of operations. One German study utilized telephone surveys among businesses in the Elbe and Danube catchments in 2003, 2004, and 2006 to determine mean interruption times. The study found that a water level of 20 cm led to a disruption of 16 days, and a depth of 150 cm led to a disruption of 59 days.13 However, the specific types of industries surveyed in the study are unknown. In the

11 Statistic Canada CANSIM Table 383-0033: Labour productivity and related measures by business sector industry and by non- commercial activity consistent with the industry accounts, provinces and territories 12 Statistics Canada CANSIM Table 380-0066 Price indexes, gross domestic product. 13 P Bubeck and H Kreibich, "Natural Hazards: direct costs and losses due to the disruption of production processes." Conhazwp1 final report, GFZ, Helmhotz Centre Postdam, Postdam, Germany 1160 (2011).

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United States, FEMA’s Hazus model contains tables for flood restoration time by building type. For retail trade, depths of zero to 1.2 m of floodwater indicate a rather large range of restoration times of between seven to 13 months. A flood level of several centimetres could be recovered from in much less than seven months. Furthermore, FEMA’s total maximum reconstruction times range from 12 to 31 months. If a building required 25 months to rebuild, most businesses would be able to relocate and return to operations sooner. In another FEMA document, the business disruption days are provided in a table for each foot of flood depth14. It is a simple linear function, equating to 45 days per 30 cm of water. This is a more reasonable estimate when applied to lower levels of flooding, such as a nine-day disruption for 6 cm of floodwater. For each building type, an estimated average restoration time was determined. For standard office and retail buildings it was assumed to be 150 days per metre of flooding. Warehouse and industrial buildings were assumed to have a shorter restoration period of 100 days per metre. Business Loss Adjustments The actual duration of complete productivity loss is not necessarily equal to the building restoration period. A maximum business interruption time must be assumed at which point a business would have logically relocated rather than wait for an extended building restoration period. Additionally, there may be partial business recovery within the maximum interruption time. If a business’ space takes seven months to fully restore, its component resources, including staff, are unlikely to be completely lost to the economy for the entire period. A flood event is a disruption of operations, after which complex adjustments and alternate activities take place during recovery. The loss of productivity decreases as the disruption time increases. The building disruption time variable was modified to produce a value for total business loss during the recovery process. Productivity days lost (L) for a building recovery period of n days was calculated as: L = n * (1 - n / (d / p))

Where d is the maximum number of disruption days; and p is the percentage of the maximum recovered productivity. Exhibit 3.8 illustrates the results of this method with the following assumptions for a building type:  The maximum business interruption period (d) is 240 days.  At 240 days, 20% of previous productivity (p) will have been recovered. Exhibit 3.8: Building Restoration to Business Disruption Relationship

Building Restoration Days Productivity Lost Days Productivity/Building Loss Days

5 5 100% 151 132 87% 240 192 80% 300 192 64%

Office work is not as dependent on the physical space as a retail or manufacturing establishment. The work conducted in an office may be related to production outside the flood- affected area. It is also possible for many types of office work to be completed at another location, for example, working remotely or at another office location. To account for this, the overall productivity loss for an office closure was reduced. In Whitecourt, no additional reduction due to office vacancy was considered.

14 FEMA Benefit Cost Analysis Tool (v 4.5.5), 2009.

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In multi-storey buildings the impact on a retail business at ground level would be different than on an upper floor office. The retail business may suffer a disruption time of several months, while workers in an upper office may be able to return to the office in a matter of days if the utilities are restored and the lobby area deemed safe. Therefore, disruption times were also estimated for building space that has not been directly flooded (upper floors, evacuated buildings with no damage, and parkade damage only). It is normally not feasible to classify uses in upper floors so the blended general office productivity values were used. The floor area of the upper floor was estimated during the building inventory classification process.

3.6.2.2 Incorporation in Damage Model The depth to productivity days lost estimates were combined with the daily productivity per square metre to create damage curves for each commercial use classification. To account for potentially different disruption times on upper floors, an additional curve is created for upper level office space. Costs associated with commercial buildings that are only evacuated (and not flooded) are not computed in the damage model.

3.6.3 Residential Displacement Structural damage from floodwaters, loss of critical services, or lack of access due to evacuation and road closures can all lead to residential displacement. During and after a flood event, affected residents will have to find alternative accommodations and incur extra personal expenses. Expenses may include restaurant meals, daily essentials, hotel costs, and extra fuel. Residents of buildings that require substantial repairs will require alternative accommodation for a longer period and incur costs for moving and rent. Residential displacement costs are not often explicitly estimated in flood damage assessments but the required assumptions are relatively straightforward. This section outlines the creation of depth-damage curves for the tangible costs of residential displacement. The intangible impact on houses is another aspect of displacement that is covered in Section 3.7.

3.6.3.1 Costs Residential displacement costs are those that would not normally be incurred and are associated with the inability to return home for a period during and after a flood. Individual circumstances will have a great effect on the nature and amount of these costs. However, general assumptions about the population are made in order to estimate total costs. The following is an example of the assumptions made to estimate the costs per household:  Half of displaced households will find accommodation with friends, family, or a shelter.  The costs associated with public shelters is included in the emergency operations calculation, and the costs associated with staying with friends and family is negligible.  The remainder of households will spend up to 14 days in a hotel. Average daily hotel room costs are assumed to be $120.  During the first 14 days, each individual will spend an extra $50 per day.  The number of people per apartment is 2 and the number per house is 2.5.15  Households requiring alternate accommodation beyond 14 days will rent another unit of the same type. The average regional market rent for apartments and houses is assumed to be $950 and $1,200, respectively.16  A one-time moving expense of $500 per household is included for households requiring accommodation beyond 14 days.

15 Estimated from 2011 National Household Survey 16 Estimated from CMHC and local listings

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3.6.3.2 Displacement Period Displacement times can vary greatly between buildings with similar inundation levels. As discussed above in regards to business interruption, the reconstruction process generally involves much more than restoring a building to its previous state. Data on unofficial secondary suites in Whitecourt was not available, but it is assumed that the majority of finished basements do not contain essential living spaces, such as kitchens, and a home with minor basement flooding will be largely inhabitable during its restoration. Basement flooding over 50 cm may affect electrical and mechanical equipment, and having an inspection completed can take longer than completing the actual repairs. For multi-family units not directly damaged, restoration of electricity and life-safety systems determine the displacement duration. However, availability of specific mechanical equipment and a number of building-specific issues are highly variable. Re-entry of residents into multi- family buildings that only experienced flooded underground parking levels during the 2013 Calgary flood, ranged from a number of days to several weeks.17 It is recognized that as the number of buildings flooded increases, there may be issues with the availability of contractors, inspectors, and equipment. The estimated displacement duration considers the time to complete repairs plus general average expected delays including contractors, materials and equipment, and inspections for all return periods. Estimates are illustrated in Exhibit 3.9. Exhibit 3.9: Estimated Average Residential Displacement Periods18

Depth (m) Unit Type/Location 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3 all apartments u/g parking 0 2 4 7 7 7 10 10 14 14 14 upper level low-rise 35 35 90 90 120 120 180 180 180 180 180 main floor units 60 90 120 180 180 180 210 240 270 300 300 single/semi/row main floor 90 120 180 210 240 270 300 300 300 300 300 single/semi/row basement 0 0 14 21 30 30 45 45 60 75 90

3.6.3.2.1 Rental Units Several simple assumptions are required to account for the rent-related loss incurred when a unit is uninhabitable for a period greater than 14 days. If a rental unit is uninhabitable, the tenant will find other rental accommodation and continue being a renter. Therefore, rent is not an additional flood damage to that household. However, the landlord of the flooded unit will lose the rental income. The loss of income will be for a duration equal to the estimated displacement times, so that the full displacement costs for all households regardless of tenure was used.

3.6.3.2.2 Incorporation in Damage Model The depth-displacement days estimates were combined with the daily costs per household to create damage curves for each housing type. To account for potentially different disruption times within apartment buildings, an additional curve is created for upper level units. The damages were calculated on a per-unit basis, rather than for floor area. The total number of units in a multi-family building is not recorded in many assessment records. The number of units was estimated during the visual classification. Costs associated with residential buildings that are only evacuated (and not flooded) are not computed in the damage model.

17 IBI Group, Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study. 18 Days due to underground parking and basement flooding are not added when main floor flooding occurs.

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3.6.4 Infrastructure Indirect Damage Damage to infrastructure can have many secondary indirect impacts. This may include traffic delays and business loss due to interruption of services (water, electricity, gas). No object-based utilities damage model has been developed. Estimated as a percentage of direct damage, values in this category range from 10% to 25%. A value of 15% was used for this study.

3.7 Intangible Damages Intangible damages are those for which there is no market value. Human health impacts and damage to the environment all have intangible aspects. Quantification of these impacts for a flood event is challenging. Floods do not lend themselves well to controlled studies that connect population and flood characteristics to outcomes.19 The intangible human impact of flooding is highly dependent on variables beyond the flood characteristics including an individual’s prior health, income, family and community support, preparedness and experience, and a host of other social indicators or behaviours. In 2015, The City of Calgary commenced an assessment of flood mitigations based on a Triple Bottom Line framework. This entailed an extensive literature review of intangible flood impacts and evaluation techniques. The impacts assessed included mortality, injury, disease, infection, exposure, mental health or quality of life, and environmental damage. A summary of the monetization method and the application of this value to Whitecourt is provided in the following section.

3.7.1 Public Health & Quality of Life There is little evidence to characterize most intangible outcomes of specific flood events/contexts. Nonetheless, attempts have been made to use appropriate quantitative means to estimate the probabilities for each factor, and then to convert this into a dollar value. It was found that the process of quantifying the individual impacts relies on a high number of assumptions for each component variable. To then monetize these impacts requires further assumptions and transfer of values from other sources, most with no relation to flooding or the local context. The available monetary values for all the impacts originate from various studies and contexts but in the end they are all assumptions based on willingness-to-pay surveys (WTP) or choices and preferences of people somewhere. Complex calculations could be created using these values, estimated probabilities, and flood and population characteristics to arrive at a value for each impact. However, this would only obfuscate the origin of the data and the assumptions it contains. The end result would have questionable meaning or relation to stakeholders. Furthermore, the attempt to individually monetize impacts yielded values that were insignificant relative to the direct damages. In the simplest example, applying the recommended statistical value of life (in Canada this is approximately eight million in 2015 dollars20) directly to the 2013 Calgary flood, in which one person died within the city, equates to approximately 0.4% of the 1:100-year flood damage estimate. Similarly low values were found for more complex attempts to quantify injuries, disease, infection, and exposure. This is not to suggest that these factors are not important, but the physical risks in this case are actually rather low. The overall total impact on affected households, however, is obviously significant. There have been two WTP studies related to flooding conducted recently in the UK. The main objective of a comprehensive study by the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs on intangible

19 Sue Tapsell, Developing a conceptual model of flood impacts upon human health (London: Middlesex University, 2009). 20 Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Canadian Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide: Regulatory Proposals, (Government of Canada, 2007).

March 2017 17 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

effects was to determine a value to be used nationally for assessments.21 There was also a research paper with a similar methodology published in 2015.22 In addition to a comprehensive health assessment, the 2002 DEFRA study included a survey of flooded households WTP to avoid all the intangible impacts. The overall mean WTP values for respondents whose residents were flooded was about £200 per household per year, or approximately $615 CAD in 2015 dollars. The 2015 study found a mean WTP value of £653 per household per year, or approximately $1,300. The more recent study results are significantly higher as the research was conducted after more severe flooding during 2007 and focused on a wider range of intangible impacts. Because these studies elicit responses on a wide range of stress factors affecting the households, the result can be considered a single quality of life intangible value. The combination of physical and mental well-being would cover all the impacts, including but not limited to physical risk, worry, loss of services, community relations, or loss of enjoyment of the environment or historical assets. To use a value from the UK is clearly a transfer in space and not Whitecourt-specific. However, unlike the other available data and methods which would be a transfer in at least space, scale, and/or time, this value is directly from flood-affected households in a relatively comparable urban setting. A major advantage of this model is that it is relatively easy to understand, verify, and adjust. Ideally, the values would be tested and adjusted in a public engagement process. Doing so is beyond the scope of these guidelines, but the amounts can be adjusted for each at-risk community based on the available demographic data. The WTP studies include demographic profiles which, along with the evidence from the literature, can be used to make the initial judgements. Adjustments can be made according to the specific flood impact of the community. For example, two demographically similar communities may not experience equal impacts if one lost its school, community centre, and grocer to flooding while the other did not. For Whitecourt, an average value of $1,000 CAD per household per household was used. For apartment households, the value was reduced to $700 for main floor units and $250 for upper floor units. This was applied to all households estimated to incur over $10,000 in direct damages. A 100-year net present value at 4% discount rate was applied to the annual value.

3.8 Total Damage Estimates Total flood damages for each of the return floods (where available) are estimated employing the methodologies as previously described. These damages include direct damage to residential, commercial/industrial/institutional, utilities/infrastructure and highways, as well as indirect and intangible damages.

3.9 Average Annual Damages The average annual damage (AAD) cost from flooding is a common performance indicator used to measure the level of potential flood damages. It expresses the costs of flood damage as a uniform annual amount based on the potential damages inflicted by a range of flood magnitudes. In other words, AAD are the cumulative damages occurring from various flood events over an extended period of time averaged for the same timeframe. The average annual damage is obtained by integrating the area under the damage-probability curve which depicts total damage versus probability of occurrence.

21 Floyd, P., and S. Tunstall. "The appraisal of human-related intangible impacts of flooding." Report of Project FD (2005). 22 Rotimi Joseph, David Proverbs, and Jessica Lamond. "Assessing the value of intangible benefits of property level flood risk adaptation (PLFRA) measures." Natural Hazards 79, no. 2 (2015).

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4 Town of Whitecourt 4.1 Background The Town of Whitecourt lies in northwestern Alberta within Woodlands County, approximately 177 km northwest of Edmonton at the confluence of the Athabasca River and the McLeod River. The McLeod River runs through the western side of Whitecourt and the Athabasca River running along the north side of town. The Athabasca River originates in the Columbia Icefields, and the McLeod River is sourced from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains. Municipal census data from 2015 puts the population at 10,574, a 14.9 % increase from the 2008 municipal census population of 9,20223. According to federal census data, Whitecourt has a total of 3,893 private dwellings, 3,629 of which are occupied by permanent residents. Average summer temperatures in Whitecourt lie around 15º Celsius, with average winter temperatures hovering around -9º Celsius. Whitecourt receives an average of 544 mm of precipitation a year, being divided into 410 mm of rainfall and 171 cm of snowfall (the equivalent of 171 mm of melted precipitation)24. Whitecourt’s economy was built on, and still relies a great deal on forestry, and was deemed the Forestry Capital of Canada in 2013. To a lesser extent, Whitecourt’s economy is also driven by tourism and oil and gas, with many oil and gas service companies being head-quartered in Whitecourt25.

4.2 Context Exhibit 4.1 depicts the regional setting within the Province of Alberta, while Exhibit 4.2 locates the town in relation to the Athabasca River Watershed. Exhibit 4.3 depicts the extent of the study area and Exhibit 4.4 illustrates the extent of the 1:100-year open-water flood water elevation surface for the central portion of the study area. Exhibit 4.5 illustrates the Provincial Flood Hazard Map.

23 Municipal Services Branch, Alberta Government, 2015 Municipal Affairs Population List, ISBD 978-1-4601-2630-1 (website version), Edmonton: Alberta Government, 2015. http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/documents/msb/2015_Municipal_Affairs_Population_List.pdf 24 “Canadian Climate Normals,” last modified 2016, http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html. 25 Alberta Government, Alberta Regional Dashboard, last modified 2014, http://regionaldashboard.alberta.ca/#/.

March 2017 19 Regional Setting

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT 4.1 March 2017 Location in Athabasca Watershed

Whitecourt

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt:: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT 4.2 March 2017 Whitecourt Flood Study Area - Aerial

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt:: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT 4.3 March 2017 Whitecourt 1:100-year Open-Water Flood Inundation Extent

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt:: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT 4.4 March 2017 Provincial Flood Hazard Map DRAFT p DRAFT DRAFT

0 300 600 900 Metres DRAFT Legend Draft Floodway Draft Overland Flow (Flood Fringe) Draft Cross Section and Design Flood Level First Nation Boundary Draft Flood Fringe Draft Under Review Water Body Municipal Boundary Information as depicted is subject to change, therefore the Government of Alberta assumes no responsibility for discrepancies at time of use. Cadastral data provided by Alberta Data Partnerships Ltd. (ADP) Base Map Data provided by the Government of Alberta under the Alberta Open Government License. November, 2014 Draft Flood Hazard Map National Framework Data © Department of Natural Resources Canada. All rights reserved. Projection: Datum: Alberta Road Network data provided by GeoBase ® Alberta Environment and Parks ALBERTA 10TM NAD 83 © 2015 Government of Alberta maps.srd.alberta.ca/FloodHazard/

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt:: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT 4.5 March 2017 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

4.3 History of Flooding Historic flooding in the area consists of both open water and ice jam flooding, with over half (seven out of twelve) major flood events being attributed to ice jams formed during the spring break-up. Flows during the winter freeze-up are usually low enough that flooding is not an issue, however flow rates are higher during spring break-up, and ice jams on the lower reaches of the McLeod River are confined to a single channel, increasing the accumulation of ice, and restricting the possible paths the water may take. The most severe ice jams are caused by ice accumulating at the mouth of the McLeod River, forming against ice cover in the Athabasca River. In the spring, the McLeod River often breaks up before the Athabasca River does, having the potential to create large ice jams at the mouth of the McLeod River, where the two rivers meet26. Both the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers tend to peak at the same time, leading to the largest open water floods when severe rainstorms persevere over both River Basins, and the subsequent floodwaters converge at the confluence of both rivers. The largest flow recorded on the McLeod River in Whitecourt was on June 8, 1954, at 2230 m3/s, roughly a 1:60 year event. At the Athabasca River just upstream of the McLeod River, the largest recorded flow was 2250 m3/s, roughly a 1:25 year event on July 10, 1965; though no records were taken downstream for this date. The highest instantaneous recorded downstream flow for the Athabasca River was recorded on June 6, 1980 at 3900 m3/s27. The most recent flood on record was on July 25-26, 2012, a minor high-water flood of the Athabasca River. While examining flood records, it is evident that flooding due to ice jams is becoming less prevalent, and high water floods are becoming more frequent. The last recorded flood due to ice jamming was in 1963. Historical flood images are presented in Exhibit 4.6.

4.4 Floodplain Mapping The 2015 Flood Hazard Identification Study mapped the 1:100-year open water flood on the Athabasca River and the 1:100-year ice-jam flood on the McLeod River. For the purposes of this study, open-water flood elevation mapping on for all return periods on both rivers was created to show areas where the flood elevation was higher than grade. The flood elevation was obtained by extending the 2015 cross sections and producing a surface between them. The grade elevation was obtained from the bare-earth digital elevation model provided by Alberta Parks and Environment. The results of this mapping is contained in Appendix E.

4.5 Inventory of Buildings Within Whitecourt, 1155 buildings were classified. Of these, 959 were houses (single-family, duplex, townhouse, or mobile home). Only 21 were classified as apartment buildings. Buildings with a commercial main floor and residences above were classified as according the commercial use and the residential unit count was only used for displacement costs. There were 175 non- residential buildings. Exhibit 4.7 details the classification of the residential inventory in Whitecourt. The residential classification scheme is detailed in Appendix C.

26 Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd., Flood Hazard Identification Study of the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers (Edmonton, 2015). 27 Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd., Flood Hazard Identification Study of the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers, 2015.

March 2017 20 Whitecourt Historical Flood Images

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt:: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT 4.6 March 2017 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Exhibit 4.7: Residential Building Inventory Classification

Class Total One Storey Two Storey Split-Level Basement

A 18 11 7 0 18 B 426 234 130 62 410 C 366 248 59 59 327 D 149 149 0 0 6 M 21 n/a n/a n/a 2

During a 1:100-year flood, it is estimated that only 6 buildings will be directly inundated. An additional 81 are at risk of flooding due sewer backup or groundwater infiltration. The number of buildings at risk of overland inundation at the 1:1000-year event is 224.

4.6 Direct Damage Estimates The flood damage estimates reflect total potential damages for the various return periods. Damages are presented as being caused by overland flooding and sewer backup/groundwater flooding. Overland flooding is caused when the modeled river flood elevation is greater than that of the ground surface. Sewer backup or groundwater flooding is caused when the modeled flood elevation is below the ground surface, within 75 m of overland flooding, at the location of a basement. Sewer backup can occur when the river rises and enters the system or causes groundwater infiltration. High groundwater during a flood may also directly infiltrate basements through foundation walls or penetrations.

4.6.1 Overland Flooding Overland direct flood damages by return period are detailed in Exhibit 4.8. Exhibit 4.8: Direct Overland and Isolated Damages

Very little damage due to direct overland flooding occurs below the 1:100-year event, where houses along the north edge of town are at risk from the water level in the Athabasca River. Above the 1:100-year level, properties along the McLeod River south of the highway are at risk.

4.6.2 Sewer Backup/Groundwater Flooding The sewer backup condition extends the water level for a distance of 75 m from the edge of above-ground flooding. This is the “adjacent to” area described in Section 3.4 and illustrated in Exhibit 3.4. The actual mechanism for water infiltration in this area is unknown. It is understood that sanitary sewer lines may not be exposed to inundated areas. However, flooding can also occur due to groundwater movement or high water table as well as via stormwater infrastructure. Damages due to sewer backup and/or groundwater flooding are detailed in Exhibit 4.9.

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Exhibit 4.9: Direct Sewer Backup/Groundwater Damage

As indicated, sewer backup or groundwater flooding could be significant and amounts to $8 million in residential damages at the 1:100-year flood. Because the sewer backup damages are not expected to occur below a 1:20-year flood, it is unlikely that property owners have implemented protective or adaptive measures such as sump pumps and backflow preventers.

4.7 Indirect Damage Estimates Indirect damage estimates were calculated as outlined in Sections 3.6 and 3.7. Because these damages are associated with direct damage to buildings, they are presented in categories described above.

4.7.1 Commercial Indirect Damages – Business Interruption Indirect damages due to business interruption are indicated in Exhibit 4.10.

Exhibit 4.10: Indirect Damages – Business Interruption

The business interruption damages are directly correlated with the direct damages and distributed similarly. In Whitecourt, the business interruption losses are nearly equal to the direct damages for each return period. No business interruption costs were associated with sewer backup because the affected buildings were institutional. Millar Western’s Whitecourt pulp and lumber mill is located at the confluence on the east side of the McLeod River. Bank erosion due to flooding has been an issue at this location in the past. The Town and Millar Western have implemented erosion control measures including a series of spurs along the banks. Overland inundation of portions of the property due to open-water flooding is not expected to happen until beyond the 1:100-year flood. Additionally, most of the land and structures are above the flood level and access from the south is maintained even at the 1:1000-year event. Despite the lack of damage to the pulp and lumber mill, it was estimated that the emergency of a 1:100-year flood or greater in the town would necessitate an evacuation of the site for at least a couple days. Millar Western provided an estimate of daily loss due to unforeseen shutdown of operations of $300,000. Damages to other non-residential properties that do not have specific depth-damage functions, such as the golf course and campground have been included in the infrastructure amounts. Although many businesses were not directly affected by flooding, additional interruptions may occur due to evacuations or road closures. Conversely, unaffected businesses may later experience increased demand during the recovery period.

March 2017 22 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

4.7.2 Residential Indirect Damages The residential displacement and intangible damages are illustrated in Exhibit 4.11. Exhibit 4.11: Residential Indirect Damages

It should be noted that mitigation of residential indirect damages can include community resiliency efforts in addition to flood protection. 4.8 Infrastructure, Flood Fighting, and Emergency Response Whitecourt features large areas near the river without structures that would be damaged by more frequent flooding. These areas do, however contain infrastructure such as a golf course, RV park, recreational amenities, roadways, and stormwater outfalls. Additionally, damage due to riverbank erosion can be costly. Non-residential properties such as golf courses and campgrounds without building damage functions are included in the infrastructure estimates. Between July 23 and 27, 2012, the area experienced high levels of precipitation. This led to overland flooding of an RV Park, roadway, and campground. The result was an estimated $380,000 in damages to infrastructure28. According to the draft Hazard Identification Study, the 2012 flooding was between a 1:20 and 1:50-year event on the Athabasca River upstream of the confluence but lower than a 1:2-year event on the McLeod River. Applying a percentage of direct building damage would not account for any of these costs until buildings were damaged. Therefore an estimate of $400,000 for the 1:10-year flood and $500,000 for the 1:20-year flood was made. For the other return periods, a value of 20% was applied to the direct damages for the remaining events. For flood fighting and emergency response, an estimate of $100,000 was applied to the 1:10 and 1:20-year floods. For the other return periods, values between 8% and 6% were used, decreasing with flood magnitude. 4.9 Total Damages Total damages for each return period are summarized in Exhibit 4.12. Exhibit 4.12: Total Damages

28 Town of Whitecourt Application for Disaster Recovery Assistance, 2012

March 2017 23 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

4.10 Average Annual Damages Average annual damages are the cumulative damages occurring from various flood events over an extended period of time averaged for the same timeframe. The average annual damages are obtained by integrating the area under a damage-probability curve which depicts total damage versus probability of occurrence, as illustrated in Exhibit 4.13. Exhibit 4.13: Flood Damages Probability Distribution

As illustrated, the unmitigated total potential flood damages amount to $940,000 in average annual damages. Of this, approximately $530,000 is a result of sewer backup or groundwater infiltration risk.

5 Rural Properties

There are a number of properties outside of the Town of Whitecourt but within the boundary of the Flood Hazard Identification Study. For this study, 117 buildings were identified from aerial photography. There is a greater amount of uncertainty in the classification of the rural properties because there is no street level photography available. Additionally, the sewer backup condition was not applied as these properties would not be connected to the municipal system and information about basement development is not available. Overland flooding would impact two buildings below the 1:100-year flood and 22 buildings at that event. At the 1:1000-year flood, 92 buildings would be impacted, 56 of which were identified as being houses. At the 1:100-year flood, total direct residential damages were estimated to be $4.8 million. Total average annual damages for this area was calculated to be $240,000.

March 2017 24 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

6 Bibliography

Alberta Government. 2015 Municipal Affairs Population List. Last modified 2015. http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/documents/msb/2015_Municipal_Affairs_Population_List. pdf. Alberta Government. Alberta Regional Dashboard. Last modified 2014. http://regionaldashboard.alberta.ca/#/. Bubeck, P., and H. Kreibich. "Natural Hazards: direct costs and losses due to the disruption of production processes." Conhazwp1 final report, GFZ, Helmhotz Centre Postdam, Postdam, Germany 1160 (2011). Federal Emergency Management Agency, Hazus – MH Technical Manual (Washington, DC: FEMA, 2006) Floyd, P., and S. Tunstall. "The appraisal of human-related intangible impacts of flooding." Report of Project FD (2005). Gall, Melanie, and Sönke Kreft. "Measuring What Matters? A Suitability Analysis of Loss and Damage Databases for the Climate Change Convention Process." Loss and Damage Working paper (2013). Government of Canada. “Canadian Climate Normals”. Last modified 2016. [http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html] IBI Group and Golder Associates Ltd. City of Calgary; Flood Mitigation Options Assessment - Phase 1 and Phase 2. Calgary, November 2016. Joseph, Rotimi, David G. Proverbs, Jessica E. Lamond, and Peter Wassell. "The Costs of Flooding on Households." Water Resources in the Built Environment: Management Issues and Solutions (2014): 249-257. Messner, Frank. Evaluating flood damages: guidance and recommendations on principles and methods. Helmholz Unweltforschungszentrum (UFZ), 2007. Municipal Services Branch, Alberta Government. 2015 Municipal Affairs Population List, ISBD 978-1-4601-2630-1 (website version). Edmonton: Alberta Government, 2015. http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/documents/msb/2015_Municipal_Affairs_Population_List. pdf. Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. Flood Hazard Identification Study of the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Edmonton. March 2015. Rotimi Joseph, David Proverbs, and Jessica Lamond. "Assessing the value of intangible benefits of property level flood risk adaptation (PLFRA) measures." Natural Hazards 79, no. 2 (2015). Tapsell, Sue. Developing a conceptual model of flood impacts upon human health. Middlesex University: Floodsite, 2009. Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Canadian Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide: Regulatory Proposals, (Government of Canada, 2007).

J:\103133_FldDmgAssmnt\10.0 Reports\10.5 Text\Whitecourt\PTR-GovOfAB-WhitecourtDamageEstimates_2017-03-31-FINAL.docx\2017-04-27\MP

March 2017 25 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Appendix A – Alberta Government Bulletin: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

March 2017 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

Prepared for Government of Alberta by IBI Group AUTHORS: Augusto V. Ribeiro Stephen W. Shawcross 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 Preamble 1 1.3 Types of Flood Damage 2 1.4 Actual Versus Potential Damages 3 1.5 Approaches to Flood Damage Assessment 3 1.6 Terminology and Definitions 4

2 Estimating Damages to Residential and Commercial Properties 6 2.1 Depth-Damage Relationships 6 2.2 Estimating Levels of Inundation of Affected Properties 7 2.3 Estimating Flood Damages 7 Step 1 8 Step 2 8 Step 3 8 Step 4 8 Step 5 8

3 Estimating damage to other infrastructure 11 3.1 Direct Damages to Infrastructure 11 3.2 Indirect Damages to Infrastructure 12

4 Economic Assessment of Flood Mitigation Projects 12 4.1 Average Annual Damages 12 Step 1 13 Step 2 13 Step 3 13 Step 4 13 4.2 Evaluation of Flood Mitigation Alternatives 14

5 Appendix 14 5.1 Acronyms 14 5.2 References 14

Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

1 Introduction In terms of assessing flood damages within flood affected communities, in 1982 the Government of Alberta commissioned 1.1 Purpose a study of best practices and adopted a first principles approach The following bulletin has been generated by the Government of employing Alberta-specific building practices and contents data. Alberta to describe how flood damages are estimated within the The resultant methodology and related tools were considered to Province, and how they are subsequently employed to evaluate be the leading edge of the field at the time. the economic viability of flood mitigation projects. Considerable time has passed since the original research was 1.2 Preamble undertaken and the information was developed. In the interim, the Flooding is natural and essential to a healthy environment, but type and value of household contents have changed dramatically, when severe events occur can cause human hardship and along with the use and level of improvement in typical basements. economic loss. In Canada, governments discourage flood- Given these substantial changes, it was considered prudent to vulnerable development on the floodplain, and are involved update the flood damage estimation techniques to accurately in the mapping and designation of flood risk areas. From the reflect potential damages and hence provide a more reliable base mid-1970s until 1998, there was a national program of flood for benefit/cost analyses and the ultimate selection of potential damage reduction involving mapping of floodplain areas and flood mitigation alternatives. Accordingly, in 2014 the Government encouragement of land use controls within areas subject to retained the consultants who had undertaken the original work to risk of flooding. The Government of Alberta participated in update Provincial flood damage assessment techniques which are this program in the 1980s and undertook studies to estimate the subject of this bulletin. flood damages in affected communities and propose mitigation alternatives where appropriate.

The Province of Alberta has mapped many of the communities that may be affected by flooding. The Government of Alberta =has posted the flood hazard mapping prepared for Alberta communities under the Flood Hazard Identification Program.

The website link is: http://maps.srd.alberta.ca/FloodHazard/ viewer.ashx?viewer=Mapping.

1 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

1.3 Types of Flood Damage This bulletin will focus on tangible damages, which can be further Damages resulting from major flood events can be broadly categorized as direct damages and indirect damages. See Exhibit categorized as: 1 for a list of items covered. • Tangible damages – flood damages that one can attribute a dollar value to. • Intangible damages – those that cannot be assessed in dollar terms,Types for exampleof Flood emotional Damage stress or loss of life.

EXHIBIT 1 - FLOOD DAMAGE

2

Feasibility Study - Athabasca River Basins EXHIBIT 3.6 May 2014 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

Tangible damages are those that can be readily measured in 1.5 Approaches to Flood Damage Assessment monetary terms. Damages to building structures and contents There are a number of different approaches that can be taken to are considered tangible because they can be measured in terms estimate tangible damages: of replacement or restoration costs. 1. the first entails an examination of the floodplain immediately after the water recedes. If such estimates were available for Direct damages are those that occur immediately and can be every flood over a period of many years, a damage-frequency directly attributed to the flood inundation. They include damage curve could be created; to both public infrastructure and private property. 2. an alternative method is to determine the damage caused by three or four recent floods whose hydrologic frequency can be Indirect damages also occur as a result of direct flood impacts determined and a smooth damage frequency curve plotted but they are also more difficult to quantify. They include reduced through these points; however, for most floodplains, changes in economic activity and individual financial hardship, as well as land use with calendar time prevent direct usage of a damage- adverse impacts on the social well-being of a community, and frequency relationship from historical damages; and encompass disruptive impacts, including lost trading time and 3. the third method entails hydrologically determining various loss of market demand for products. Consequently indirect flood elevations for specific flood frequencies and deducing damages are often estimated as a percentage of direct damage. synthetically the damages that would occur given these flood events. This analysis provides a synthetic damage-frequency 1.4 Actual Versus Potential Damages curve from which one can estimate average annual damages In many flooding situations the actual damages incurred are less for a given study area. than the potential damages because sufficient warning has been provided to the community such that mitigative measures, such The third method is the one most frequently employed primarily as the removal of valuables, or the relocation of valuable contents due to a number of limitations inherent in the first two techniques. to a higher level in the structure results in a reduction of the To reiterate, land use changes over time prevent the direct usage potential damages. Contingency measures including warning, of damage-frequency relationships based on historical damages; flood fighting and individual adjustments within commercial and this is particularly problematic for jurisdictions experiencing rapid residential structures can result in reductions of up to 30% of growth. In addition, flood damage payments do not necessarily damages. reflect real damages; however, they can serve as a useful check. Moreover, there are generally insufficient events to extrapolate It should also be noted that the communities suffering frequent from, and large voids in the data render the techniques susceptible flooding will have significantly reduced potential damages versus to error. communities that have not been impacted by a severe flood in recent memory. Consequently, communities in flood prone In light of the above, the third methodology is considered the best areas with a high risk potential need to be reminded about the approach for obtaining accurate and representative estimates potential for flooding in their community from time to time. of damages based on current economic factors and has been adopted for use in Alberta.

3 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

1.6 Terminology and Definitions EXHIBIT 3 - CROSS-SECTION OF FLOOD HAZARD AREA The following Exhibits 2 and 3 provide an illustration of the terms and definitions below as it relates to flood hazard mapping and flood inundation mapping.

EXHIBIT 2 - FLOOD HAZARD AREA

Floodway – The portion of the flood hazard area where flows are deepest, fastest and most destructive. The floodway typically includes the main channel of a stream and a portion of the adjacent overbank area. The floodway is required to convey the design flood. New development is discouraged in the floodway and may not be permitted in some communities.

Flood Fringe – The portion of the flood hazard area outside of the floodway. Water in the flood fringe is generally shallower and flows more slowly than in the floodway. New development in the Flood Hazard Mapping - Delineates the flood hazard area, flood fringe may be permitted in some communities and should be showing the extent of a design flood event under encroachment floodproofed. conditions. Depending on the particular design flood scenario, the mapping may have associated design flood levels or be Overland Flow – Areas of overland flow are part of the flood divided into multiple zones. Flood hazard mapping is typically hazard area outside of the floodway, and typically considered used for long-term flood hazard area management and land-use special areas of the flood fringe. planning. Design Flood – The current design standard in Alberta is the 100 Flood Hazard Area – The area affected by the design flood year flood, determined when a flood hazard study is undertaken. under encroachment conditions. The flood hazard area is A 100 year flood is defined as a flood whose magnitude has a typically divided into floodway and flood fringe zones, and may one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any year. also include areas of overland flow. The design flood can also reflect a computed 100 year water level resulting from an ice jam or be based on a historical flood event.

4 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

Design Flood Levels – Flood hazard area water elevations Flood Inundation Mapping - Delineates flood inundation areas, computed to result from a design flood under encroachment showing the extent of one or more flood scenarios under existing, conditions. Design flood levels do not change as a result of non-encroachment conditions. Depending on the particular flood development or obstruction of flows within the flood fringe. scenario, the mapping may have associated inundation flood levels or be divided into multiple zones. Flood inundation mapping Encroachment Conditions – The flood hazard design case that is typically used for near real-time emergency response planning assumes a scenario where the flood fringe is fully developed and and operations. flood flows are conveyed entirely within the floodway. Flood Inundation Area - The area inundated during a particular Adjacent-To Areas – Areas outside the floodplain can be flood scenario under existing, non-encroachment conditions. The subjected to basement sewer backup flooding, primarily through flood inundation area may be divided into multiple zones, including seepage of floodwaters into the sanitary sewer system. To areas inundated due to dedicated flood protection structure failure account for this potential flood damage, an adjacent-to area is and isolated areas of inundation due to groundwater seepage. delineated based on a distance of two dwelling units or ±75 m from the 1:100 year flood line. Essentially, with the sewer backup Flood Scenario - Flow conditions that describe a particular flood condition, basements which are lower than the floodwaters will event. Flood scenarios typically represent a range of flows, based automatically suffer damages. Exhibit 4 depicts this relationship. either on flood frequency analysis or set flow intervals. Typical flood frequency flows in Alberta include the 2-year, 10-year, 20- Adjacent-EXHIBITTo Area 4 D -e nition ‘ADJACENT-TO’ Diagram AREA year, 50-year, 100-year, 200-year, 500-year and 1000-year flood 1:100 YEAR FLOODLINE events. 1:100 YEAR FLOODLINE + 2 RESIDENTIAL STREETS

LIMIT OF BASEMENT Inundation Flood Levels - Flood inundation area water elevations ‘ADJACENT - TO’ AREA FLOODING computed to result from a particular flood scenario under existing, 3 LIMIT OF SURFACE 2 non-encroachment conditions. Inundation flood levels may change FLOODING 1 TYPICAL as a result of development or obstruction of flows within the flood 2.4m BASEMENT DEPTH inundation area.

FLOOR DRAINS OR FIXTURES For more information about flood hazard mapping, contact The SANITARY SEWER Government of Alberta via email at:

MANHOLE FLOODED BY HOUSE 1 - FULL BASEMENT FLOODING [email protected]. SURFACE WATER OR HOUSE 2 - PARTIAL BASEMENT FLOODING INFILTRATION/LEAKAGE HOUSE 3 - NO FLOODING BEYOND ADJACENT AREA (WATER MAY ALSO ENTER SEWER SYSTEM FROM FLOODED HOUSES WITHIN THE FLOODLINE)

THE ‘ADJACENT - TO’ AREA IS THE AREA ADJOINING THE FLOODED SURFACE AREA IN WHICH BASEMENTS MAY BE FLOODED BY BACKED UP SANITARY SEWERS

Feasibility Study - Athabasca River Basins 5 EXHIBIT 3.8 March 2014 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

2 Estimating Damages to Residential and The original curves were developed and used in a computerized Commercial Properties Flood Damage Database Management System application which was developed specifically for Alberta. This computer The amount of flood damage a community suffers is directly model has been replaced by the R-FDA (Rapid Flood Damage proportional to the number of residential and commercial Assessment) model, which includes the new synthetic depth- properties in the floodplain, and the depth of flooding these damage curves. The depth-damage curves for the R-FDA properties suffer as a result of the inundation. In addition to the model were developed for a range of building types and sizes depth of inundation, the velocity of the floodwaters will have an and include those that represent: additional affect on the potential structural damage to a building. • residential buildings for a range of single-family, multi-family, mobile home and apartment types, for contents and structure 2.1 Depth-Damage Relationships expressing damages on a per square metre basis; and The damage to residential and commercial properties and • commercial/retail/industrial and institutional buildings for contents can be assessed using depth-damage curves. a number of categories of non-residential use based on These curves describe the relationship between the depth of damages per square metre for both contents and structure. inundation and the amount of damage incurred as a result. These curves can be created by surveying damaged properties of a similar grouping over a range of flood depths, or by undertaking a detailed loss assessment with a representative sample of residential properties to create synthetic depth- damage curves.

To reiterate, in 1982 the Government of Alberta commissioned the development of synthetic depth-damage curves based on loss assessment of residential and commercial buildings in the City of Fort McMurray. Additional depth-damage curves were developed as a part of the Elbow River Flood Study in the City of Calgary in 1986. The stage-damage curves were subsequently indexed for use throughout other flood prone centres in Alberta. In 2014 updated residential depth-damage curves were developed based on a representative sampling of properties within the City of Calgary.

6 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

2.2 Estimating Levels of Inundation of Affected Properties 2.3 Estimating Flood Damages It is typically an extreme historical flood event that causes The following steps are undertaken to estimate flood damages: severe inundation and hence damages in a community. 1. Hydrologic and hydraulic studies to establish the floodplain However, damage can also be caused by less severe but limits under different return flood events (i.e., 1:10 year, 1:25 higher frequency flood events. For benefit/cost purposes it year, 1:50 year, 1:100 year, 1:500 year, including floods that is necessary to determine potential damages from a range of exceed the design flood). flood events. As a result, hydrologic studies are undertaken 2. Inventory and classification of all flood affected properties to establish the flood flows for different flood frequencies (including the adjacent-to areas) and the depth of inundation coupled with hydraulic analysis to establish the respective by individual property. flood elevations in a given location to assist in estimating 3. Selection of appropriate depth-damage curves to determine the levels of inundation on properties in that location. The direct contents and structural damages to individual following for each property is required: properties from the flooding. • Grade of the property is established using the digital 4. Estimation of indirect damages including such things as costs elevation model (DEM) from LiDAR. Alternatively the grade of evacuation, employment losses, administrative costs, net or ground elevation could also be obtained from traditional loss of normal profit and earnings to capital, management ground level surveys or detailed topographic maps. and labour, general inconvenience, etc. These are generally • Flood elevation is derived from hydraulic flood modelling calculated as a percentage of direct damages. (HEC-RAS), or established from historical flood events. 5. Calculation of total direct and indirect damages. • Flood depth at each property can be calculated using floor heights above grade, which can be established from building approval records, traditional field survey, or the use of videos/photography of street views from the location.

7 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

Step 1 Flood hazard mapping exercises predict the extent and depth of floodwaters for varying levels of flood severity and frequency. These flood maps provide the information to locate potential properties that may be affected by the flooding. With the use of the 3D DEM surface within the flood area, the grade, main floor elevation and flood depth can be established for each affected property. Step 3 The depth-damage curves developed for Alberta are divided into residential and commercial categories, and each set includes separate curves for contents and structure. In addition basement damage curves have been developed for Step 2 the single family residential properties. Twenty-one different content and six Flood damages for the affected properties in the floodway, flood fringe and structural damage curves have been developed for commercial properties. adjacent-to area are estimated for each of the return flood events. These are used for flood damage estimation. The first stage is to assess if the building property is in the floodway or flood Estimate Direct Damages fringe. Typically the floodway is part of the floodplain where the depth of • Depth-Damage Curve Estimate flooding and velocity is greater than one metre and one metre per second • Damage Curve Height = Flood Elevation – (Main Floor Height Above Grade respectively. Any properties in the floodway could be subjected to significant + Grade Elevation) structural damage and may need to be relocated. • Main Floor Damage = Dollar Value On Curve Equal To The Damage Curve Height Basement damages could occur even if the property is outside of the flood • Total Damage = Basement Damage + Main Floor Damage hazard area because of sewer backup, or ground seepage. Consequently properties in an adjacent-to area should be included for damage estimates. This process is repeated for all affected properties and a cumulative total for each return flood event is computed. The total potential direct damage resulting from a 1:100 year flood, 1:50 year flood, etc. is established. Exhibits 6 and 7 illustrate this.

Step 4 Once an assessment of the potential direct damages to the affected properties has been made, the indirect damage can be estimated. It is common practice that the indirect damages for residential and commercial property be estimated Step 5 as a percentage of the direct damage. The total damage cost for each return flood is the sum of all direct and indirect For example, the following percentages have been recommended: damages. • Residential Indirect Damage - 20% of Direct Residential Damages Total damages = direct damages + indirect damages • Commercial/Institutional Damage - 41% of Direct Comm./Ind. Damages

Exhibit 7 illustrates the input, tasks and output of the flood damage estimation In addition a percentage is also attributed to infrastructure, highways and utilities methodology described unless these damages can be estimated from first principles by the municipality. It should be noted that the indirect percentages should be re-assessed for each of the flood affected communities and they should be based on the local situation assessment. Indirect damages should be reassessed over time especially if new mitigation measures are proposed.

8 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

EXHIBIT 5 - EXAMPLE OF RESIDENTIAL CONTENT DEPTH DAMAGE CURVE

2.4

2.1

1.8

0.9

0.6 Inside Flood Water Level (m) Level Water Flood Inside 0.3

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Damage ($/m2) EXHIBIT 6 - EXAMPLE OF COMMERCIAL CONTENT DEPTH-DAMAGE CURVE

2.4

2.1

1.8

0.9

0.6 Inside Flood Water Level (m) Level Water Flood Inside 0.3

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Damage ($/m2) 9 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

EXHIBIT 7 - GENERAL FLOOD DAMAGE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY

INPUTINPUT TASKTASK OUTPUTOUTPUT

IDENTIFICATION OF DAMAGE CENTRE FLOW VERSUS RETURN PERIOD - DRAINAGE AREA HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS - STEAMFLOW RECORDS Q - SINGLE STATION FREQUENCY ANALYSIS - PAST STEAMFLOW ANALYSES - REGIONAL FREQUENCY ANALYSIS - TESTS FOR SUITABILITY OF LOW RECORD RETURN PERIOD - CHANNEL AND FLOODPLAIN HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS 1 STAGE VERSUS 2 GEOMETRY - BACKWATER PROFILES THROUGH DAMAGE CENTRE RETURN PERIOD - ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENTS FOR ALL RETURN PERIOD FLOODS 3 - BRIDGE AND CULVERT DETAILS - SELECT DAMAGE REACHES STAGE - ESTIMATE STAGE (DEPTH) FOR EACH REACH REACH LOCATIONS RETURN PERIOD RETURN PERIOD

- TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF STAGE DAMAGE CALCULATIONS 1 STAGE VERSUS STRUCTURES - SELECT TYPE OF DAMAGE CURVE FOR 2 - SYNTHETIC/HISTORICAL STAGE DAMAGE VARYING LAND USE 3 DAMAGE CURVES - MODIFY OR ADD TO CURVES DEPENDING ON - COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL PROJECT SPECIFICS STAGE REACH LOCATIONS INVENTORIES - ACCUMULATE DAMAGE ESTIMATES FOR STAGE - AGRICULTURAL INCREMENTS DAMAGE

TOTAL DAMAGE CALCULATIONS - DETERMINE DAMAGE VERSUS RETURN PERIOD Dx (PROBABILITY) AND ACCUMULATE OVER ALL REACHES - INTEGRATE UNDER DAMAGE VERSUS PROBABILITY EAD = Dx CURVE TO ESTIMATE EXPECTED ANNUAL DAMAGE

(EAD) DAMAGE TOTAL RETURN PERIOD (PROBABILITY)

Source: Paragon Engineering “Flood Damages: A Review of Estimation Techniques” - Ministry of Natural Resources (March 1984)

10 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

3 Estimating damage to other infrastructure EXHIBIT 8 - INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE

In addition to private property, there are a number of other assets that may be potentially exposed to flood damage. For example, direct and indirect damages may be caused to: • roads and transport infrastructure • parks and recreational facilities • hospitals, schools, and other government buildings • water, sewerage and drainage systems • communication networks

Traditionally, most of these were publicly owned; however, the increasing trend towards privatization of services may have an influence on the costing methodology used to assess damages.

3.1 Direct Damages to Infrastructure In general the repair and replacement of roads and bridges is the largest component of damages to public assets. The amount of damage caused is a result of the flood-related factors and the ability of the road to withstand flood conditions. Relevant factors include both the initial repair cost and the possibility of a significant reduction in the overall life of the road surface as a result of the flood.

Generally annual maintenance costs and other documented historical costs can be used to develop locally specific damage costs. Where this information is not available then data from other studies may have to be used.

11 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

3.2 Indirect Damages to Infrastructure The indirect damages to services provided by government or community agencies should be based on the lost wages from downtime and disruption to operations. This may be calculated by multiplying lost working hours by wages.

Business or activities not provided by government or community agencies are profit driven. Accordingly, the calculation of their damages needs to be based on different assumptions. These indirect losses should be calculated only as the lost profit component.

4.1 Average Annual Damages The average annual damage (AAD) cost from flooding is a common performance indicator used to measure the level of potential flood damages. It expresses the costs of flood damage as a uniform annual amount based on the potential damages inflicted by a 4 Economic Assessment of Flood Mitigation range of flood magnitudes. Projects The calculation of an AAD estimate requires potential damage The purpose of this section is to provide guidance on the costs for a number of flood events – the more the better (including economic assessment of flood mitigation projects based on their the events greater than the design flood which is usually the 1:100 respective cost and benefits. year flood).

Depending on its size (or severity), each flood will cause a To calculate AAD: different amount of flood damage. The average annual damage 1. Estimate the potential flood damage costs from a range of (AAD) is the average damage in dollars per year that would occur flood events, including those greater than the design flood if in a designated area from flooding over a very long period of possible. time. In many years there may be no flood damage, in some 2. Plot the graph of flood damages versus annual exceedance years there will be minor damage (caused by small, relatively probability. frequent floods) and, in a few years, there will be major 3. Calculate the average annual damages from flooding. flood damage (caused by large, rare flood events). 4. Calculate the reduction as a result of the proposed flood Estimation of the average annual damage provides a basis for mitigation activities. comparing the effectiveness of different floodplain management 5. The net benefit is the difference of the two over the design life measures (i.e., the reduction in the annual average damage). of the mitigation.

12 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

Step 1 Example ofEXHIBIT Damage Probability9 - DAMAGE Curve - PROBABILITY CURVE To complete this step, it is necessary to have estimates of potential flood damages for a range of flood sizes. 260

240 Following is an example of flood damage costs that is used to illustrate the 1:100 process used to calculate AAD. If the cumulative total of direct and indirect 220 flood damages including residential, commercial, infrastructure, utilities and highways for the 25, 50 and 100 year annual recurrence interval (ARI) flood 200 events are: • Annual Recurrence Interval (ARI) 25 year 50 year 100 year 180 • Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP) 0.04 0.02 0.01 160 • Total Damages $ 35,082,000 $ 118,519,000 $ 220,323,000

140

1:50 120

Step 2 100 FLOOD DAMAGE A graph of potential damage estimates versus annual exceedance probability FLOOD 80 MILLION DOLLARS

is plotted. Potential damages in dollars are plotted on the vertical axis and the DAMAGE IN MILLIONS TOTAL annual exceedance probability is plotted horizontally. 1:25 35.0 60 1:50 118.5 The annual exceedance probability for a given flood event is the inverse of the 1:100 220.3 40 average recurrence interval: 1:25 • Annual exceedance probability = 1 / Average recurrence interval 20 AVERAGE ANNUAL DAMAGE • Using the example flood damage costs: = $5,750,000 1:12 • 10 year ARI = 10%, AEP = 0.1 0 • 100 year ARI = 1%, AEP = 0.01 0 2 4 6 8 10 FLOOD FREQUENCY IN PERCENTAGE For the rarer flood events like the probable maximum flood, the annual probability of exceedance (AEP) approaches zero. Exhibit 9 depicts a damage- Feasibility Study - Athabasca River Basins EXHIBIT 3.9 probablity curve, which is used to calculate Average Annual Damage. May 2014

Step 4 The benefit that will accrue to a flood mitigation project is equal to the reduction Step 3 in the AAD that can be realized by that project, and is calculated as: The average annual damage cost is the area under the flood damage cost • Reduction in AAD = AAD without project – AAD with project curve plotted in the graph. It is expressed in units of dollars per year. • A project that protects the properties up to 100 year flood = 16.75 units Using the example: • Therefore, AAD with mitigation project = $ 2,400,000 • Each square unit in the graph = $ 20,000,000 * 0.01 = $ 200,000 • Reduction in AAD = $ 5,750,000 - $ 2,400,000 • Cumulative area in blue in the graph = 28.75 units • Assuming a project life of 50 years and a discount rate of 4% • Therefore, average annual damage = $ 5,750,000 The benefit/cost will be positive if the flood mitigation project is less than $71,965,370 in terms of capital and operating costs over the life of the project.

13 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

4.2 Evaluation of Flood Mitigation Alternatives 5 Appendix This bulletin has been developed by Alberta Environment Sustainable Resources Development to provide stakeholders 5.1 Acronyms with guidance on the economic development of flood mitigation alternatives. It is intended that topics of social and environmental AE – Alberta Environment (now ESRD) assessment also be covered in future bulletins. AAD – Average Annual Damage

AEP – Annual exceedance probability

ARI – Average recurrence interval

DEM – Digital elevation model

ESRD – Environment Sustainable Resource Development

FDA – Flood Damage Assessment

FDDBMS – Flood Damage Database Management System

FEMA – Federal Emergency Management Agency

HAZUS-MH – FEMA software for multi hazard loss estimation

HEC-FDA – USACE software for flood mitigation

HEC-RAS – USACE software for flood mapping

LiDAR – Light detecting and ranging remote sensing method

R-FDA – Rapid Flood Damage Assessment

USACE – U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

14 Flood Damage Assessment in Alberta: Best Practices Principles and Guidelines

5.2 References 8. Moel, H. De, Aerts, J. C. J. H., “Effect of uncertainty in land use, damage models and innundation depth on flood 1. James, L. Douglas and Lee, Robert R., damage estimates”, (Natural Hazards 58, 407-425, 2011). “Economics of Water Resources Planning, (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1971). 9. Vojinovic, Z., Ediriweera, J.C.W., and Fikri, A.K., “An approach to the model-based spatial assessment of damages 2. IBI Group and ECOS Engineering Services Ltd., Phase IIB, caused by urban floods”, (11th International Conference Flood Damage Estimates, Fort McMurray Flood Damage on Urban Drainage, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K., 2008). Reduction Program, Technical Report, Alberta Environment and the City of Fort McMurray, Fort McMurray 1982. 10. Nascimento, N., et al., “Flood-damage curves: Methodological development for the Brazilian context”, (Water Practice 3. Shawcross, S.W., and Ribeiro, A.R.V., “The development of & Technology Vol 1 No 1, IWA Publishing 2006). residential stage-damage curves for application in Western Canada”, (Flood Hazard Management in Government and the 11. SCARM Report 73, “Floodplain management in Australia: best Private Sector, Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference practice principles and guidelines” (CSIRO Publishing 2000). of State Floodplain Managers, 100-105, New Orleans,1985). 12. US Army Corps of Engineers, “Catalog of Residential Depth- 4. Penning-Roswell, Edmund, et al., “The Benefits of Flood Damage Functions used by the Army Corps of Engineers in and Coastal Risk Management: A Handbook of Assessment Flood Damage Estimation”, (IWR Report 92-R-3, May 1992). Techniques”, (London, Middlesex University Press, 2005). 13. Middlesex University Flood Hazard Research Centre, 5. Messner, Frank, et al., “Evaluating flood damages: “Framework of Flood Risk Management Cost Benefit guidance and recommendations on principles and Analysis Features”, Flood CBA Support Tool No. 1: Cost methods”, (Floodsite Report T09-06-01, January 2007). Benefit Analysis Guidelines, Version 3, February 2014.

6. “Guidance on the Assessment of Tangible Flood Damages, (Queensland Government, Natural Resources and Mines, September 2002).

7. Jongman, B., et al., “Comparative flood damage model assessment: towards a European Approach”, (Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 12, 3733-3752, 2012).

15

IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Appendix B – Whitecourt Flood Hazard Mapping

March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

75,000 76,000 77,000 78,000 79,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF

735 THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS 722.5 NE-36-58-13-W5 717.5 NW-36-5 -13-W5 NE-35-58-13-W5 8 NE-34-58-13-W5 NW-35-58-13-W5 NW-34-58-13-W5 722.5 NE-33-58-13-W5 FLOOD HAZARD MAP 720 730 MAPSHEET 1 OF 9

Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015

737.5 SCALE - 1:5,000 0 100 200 300 400 ± M 740

722.5 Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 722.5 775 722.5 725 742.5 Units: METRES «¬M40 722.5

727.5 767.5 745 737.5 760 770

722.5 720 750 5

747.5

W 5 876 9

762.5 - 3

750 1 720 727.5 752.5 -

755 8

732.5

5

- 5 5,992,000 5,992,000

SW-36-58-13-W5 6

740 4 W

SE-35-58-13-W5 3

- -

3 SW-35-58-13-W5 3

742.5 E

1 S - SE-34-58-13-W5 747.5 765 772.5

8 SW-34-58-13-W5 735

5 -

725 752.5

3 3

- 2 E

730 755 S 732.5

745 1

757.5 775

720 770 722.5 767.5 735 722.5 737.5 750 Legend

722.5 722.5 River Centreline 725 742.5 772.5 730 Model Cross Section 732.5

727.5 Town of Whitecourt Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 777.5 727.5 760 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 730 740

735 2.5 m Contour Interval 732.5

725 775

770

745

740 762.5

722.5

737.5

742.5

772.5

765 747.5

725 780 755 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015

782.5 722.5 740 752.5 Notes to Users:

5 NW-25-58-13-W5 730 777.5 NE-26-58-13-W5

W 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca

- 727.5 NW-26-58-13-W5 742.5 725 3 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt.

1 722.5 - NW-27-58-13-W5 NE-25-58-13-W5

8 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. 755

5 M41

- ¬ 757.5

735 « Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood 8

2 735

727.5 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood -

767.5 E

770 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated N NE-27-58-13-W5 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 757.5 745 737.5 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data

725 732.5 732.5 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 5,991,000 5,991,000 750 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on

730 765

722.5 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme 765 localized events on nearby tributary streams. 730 762.5

750 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due

737.5 to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding. 747.5 760 762.5 740

780

747.5 785 740742.5 792.5 765 725

727.5 752.5 782.5

772.5 765 745 757.5 742.5737.5

727.5

767.5 735

770 725 760

745 775

750 752.5

732.5 730 737.5 762.5 722.5 790

755 750

747.5 760 735

5 762.5 SW-25-58-13-W5 W

- SE-26-58-13-W5

3 SW-26-58-13-W5 1

787.5

- SE-27-58-13-W5

SE-25-58-13-W5 8

SW-27-58-13-W5 767.5 747.5

5 - 725

752.5

8

2 -

742.5

740

757.5 E 785

735 740 S

737.5 «¬M42

745

745 765 730

737.5

725

727.5

742.5 732.5

732.5

747.5 722.5 752.5

730

750

5,990,000 762.5 5,990,000

722.5

742.5 745

740 725 740 725 735 McLeod River 727.5

722.5 730

737.5 737.5 Data Sources and References: 742.5 735 1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by 752.5747.5 ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83.

727.5 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: 732.5 750 757.5 742.5732.5 August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 755 747.5 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from 745 742.5 740 Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for 735 727.5 Topographic Information.

5 NW-24-58-13-W5

M43 NE-23-58-13-W5 W

- «¬

NW-23-58-13-W5 3

1 NE-22-58-13-W5 -

NW-22-58-13-W5 NE-24-58-13-W5

8

5 -

1 727.5 2

- 725 E

730 N 725

727.5 725

725 727.5

727.5

740 727.5 735

5,989,000 730 5,989,000

732.5

737.5

5

W

-

3

1

-

8 5 SW-24-58-13-W5 - SW-23-58-13-W5 SE-23-58-13-W5 4

SE-22-58-13-W5 2

SW-22-58-13-W5 -

E S SE-21-58-13-W5

75,000 76,000 77,000 78,000 79,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN, Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-1 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

76,000 77,000 78,000 79,000 80,000 M33 SE-14-59-13-W5 «¬ SW-14-59-13-W5 750 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF

740 772.5 THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS 712.5 780 770 742.5 735 FLOOD HAZARD MAP 777.5 775 MAPSHEET 2 OF 9 762.5

760 745 Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015

765 767.5 SCALE - 1:5,000 752.5 760 0 100 200 300 400

717.5 ± 757.5 M 730 «¬M34 755 Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 762.5 717.5

732.5 712.5710 747.5 Units: METRES 5 715 725 715 NE-7-59-12-W5 W NW-7-59-12-W5 - 752.5 NE-12-59-13-W5 742.5 3 NW-12-59-13-W5 725 1 757.5 747.5745 720 - NE-11-59-13-W5 722.5 735 730 737.5

9 740 737.5

5 722.5 - 5,996,000 5,996,000

1 727.5 1 - 735 732.5 5 876 9

W 730 N

715 712.5 742.5 740 4 755 717.5 3 750 757.5 720 750 712.5 760 747.5 720 755 2

762.5 742.5 765 712.5 1 717.5

762.5 767.5 727.5 712.5 737.5

725

757.5 715 Legend 722.5 715 715 745 River Centreline

722.5 735 730 Model Cross Section

727.5 752.5 732.5 760 725 750 757.5 735 Town of Whitecourt

752.5 730 745 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 755 715 717.5 «¬M35 712.5 720 740 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 742.5 717.5 2.5 m Contour Interval 747.5 727.5 742.5

747.5 737.5 732.5 760

720

740

5 722.5 745 SE-7-59-12-W5

W SW-7-59-12-W5 -

3 SE-12-59-13-W5 757.5 1 762.5 717.5 - SW-12-59-13-W5

9 SE-11-59-13-W5 750 735

5

- 1

1 740 - 765

W 737.5 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015 S 750

762.5 McLeod River 752.5 715 Notes to Users: 760 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca 735 747.5 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 727.5 715 757.5 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood 722.5

727.5 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 5,995,000 5,995,000

745 720 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated 755 752.5 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC.

712.5 717.5 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data

742.5 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 722.5 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 730 747.5 732.5 725 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 740 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the «¬M36 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme 725 localized events on nearby tributary streams. 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due

732.5

755 to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or 715 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater 720 735 or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding. 742.5 717.5

730

750

737.5 717.5

745

722.5

740

750

747.5 745

752.5 747.5

740 735 NW-6-59-12-W5

727.5 NE-1-59-13-W5 NW-1-59-13-W5 737.5 727.5

NE-2-59-13-W5 NE-6-59-12-W5 717.5

755

715 742.5 NW-2-59-13-W5

722.5

735

717.5 720

752.5

762.5

750

755

760 757.5 750

722.5

715 732.5

747.5 «¬M37 5,994,000 5,994,000

772.5

737.5 730

720

730 770 747.5

732.5 742.5 725

727.5 725

735

722.5 765

742.5 752.5 745 727.5 717.5 720 737.5 717.5 740 752.5

745 755 717.5 735 772.5

750 722.5 Data Sources and References:

740 5 SW-6-59-12-W5

W 762.5 SE-1-59-13-W5 -

3 SW-1-59-13-W5 1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by

1 SE-6-59-12-W5 - SE-2-59-13-W5

755 ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown 9

747.5 760 5

- 742.5 757.5 September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 2 - 770 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image:

732.5 W

S August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from 730 720 767.5 735 765 Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information.

735 717.5 757.5 760 755 725 750

752.5 737.5 M38 «¬ 740 742.5 750 745 730 727.5 722.5 735 730 732.5 752.5 742.5 737.5 747.5 732.5 740

740 725 755 727.5 722.5 760 735 727.5 757.5 730 722.5 762.5 742.5 737.5 740 752.5 745 747.5 732.5 747.5

765 725 «¬M39 717.5

720 740

750 767.5

717.5 755 725 745 720

720 5,993,000 5,993,000 742.5 732.5 770 747.5

732.5 722.5 752.5 735 760

740 725

755 720 765 722.5 772.5 735

5 727.5 W

- 750 3

730

1 - 742.5 NW-36-58-13-W5 NE-3 8 NE-35-58-13-W5 6 722.5 -58- 5 NE-34-58-13-W5 NW-35-58-13-W5 13

- -W

730 5

4 NW-31-58-12-W5 3 737.5 - 755

W 752.5

722.5 N 727.5

717.5

762.5

720 777.5

720

722.5

775

717.5

735

722.5 722.5 SE-36-58-13-W5 SW-31-58-12-W5

76,000 77,000 78,000 79,000 80,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN,

Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-2 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

78,000 79,000 80,000 81,000 82,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS

FLOOD HAZARD MAP MAPSHEET 3 OF 9

Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015

5 SCALE - 1:5,000

W

- 2

752.5 1 752.5 - 0 100 200 300 400

9 ± SE-29-59-12-W5 5 M SW-29-59-12-W5 -

SE-30-59-12-W5 8

SW-30-59-12-W5 2

SE-25-59-13-W5 -

755 W Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983

752.5 S

6,000,000 750 6,000,000 Units: METRES 757.5

SW-25-59-13-W5 747.5 750 755 747.5

745 5 876 9

742.5 745 4 717.5 3 750 732.5 752.5

752.5 750 745 742.5 755 750 745 747.5 747.5 742.5 2 727.5 750 740 740 747.5 730

732.5 737.5 745 740 742.5 730 735 725 735 722.5

732.5 1 740 737.5 705 732.5 735 727.5 730 732.5 730 737.5 735 725 720 727.5 717.5 725 717.5 725 720 725 715 727.5 710 Legend 712.5 715 712.5 707.5 722.5 707.5 River Centreline 755 715 710 722.5 720 M28 Model Cross Section «¬ «¬M27 707.5 717.5 Town of Whitecourt 737.5 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 715

705 5 742.5 NE-20-59-12-W5 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 745 705

W 735

747.5 NW-20-59-12-W5 -

3 NE-19-59-12-W5 705 1 752.5 2.5 m Contour Interval

- NW-19-59-12-W5 9

750 NW-21-59-12-W5

5 NE-24-59-13-W5 -

4 705

2 710

- 740

737.5 727.5 W ¬M26

N « 722.5

720 732.5

730 707.5

747.5 725 717.5

735 712.5 705

715 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015

750 707.5 752.5 M29 742.5 720 «¬ Notes to Users: 750 5,999,000 5,999,000 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca 712.5 705 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 742.5 710 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. 710 Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood 747.5 745 707.5 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 707.5 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated 745 737.5 705 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 730 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 737.5 740 702.5 727.5 707.5 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 735 732.5 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the 730 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme 727.5 localized events on nearby tributary streams. 722.5 720 705 732.5 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due 720 725 to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or 722.5 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater 730 717.5 707.5 715 or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding. 717.5 705 705 725 720 707.5

742.5 740 712.5 SE-20-59-12-W5 5 735 M30 710 SW-20-59-12-W5 737.5 W «¬

- SE-19-59-12-W5 707.5 3

1 SW-19-59-12-W5

- SW-21-59-12-W5

9 SE-24-59-13-W5 707.5 705

5

-

4

2 -

752.5

707.5 W

S 705

705

715

745 707.5 712.5 702.5 710 McLeod River

747.5 755 702.5 750 717.5 707.5 707.5 710 742.5 740

722.5 720

727.5 705 710 702.5 705

750 705 707.5 755 710

725 705 730 710 5,998,000 M31 5,998,000 «¬ 710 752.5 702.5 720 725

707.5 712.5 737.5 710 710 715 747.5 710 707.5 725 707.5 745755 715 732.5 717.5 717.5 722.5 745 715 720 712.5 720 715 757.5 725 730 722.5 730 717.5 717.5 717.5 732.5 752.5 727.5 740750 722.5 727.5 732.5 720 727.5 720 737.5 737.5 742.5 755 712.5 715 722.5 735 730 732.5 735 750 757.5 745 747.5 752.5 740 752.5 740 760 757.5

5 725 755 762.5 712.5 732.5 747.5 NE-17-59-12-W5 730 710 717.5 735 720 W 765

- 727.5 NW-17-59-12-W5 762.5 765 740 727.5 735 3 NE-18-59-12-W5

1 725

752.5 -

767.5 NW-16-59-12-W5

NW-18-59-12-W5 715 9

5 NE-13-59-13-W5 770

- 755 3

1 750 772.5 - 770 745

W 712.5

742.5 775 N 722.5 777.5 712.5 710 780 Data Sources and References: 745 772.5 725 1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by 750 ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown 755 710 September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 735 727.5 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: 757.5 730 August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 747.5 720 725 747.5 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from 730 732.5 742.5 722.5 Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for 712.5 737.5 752.5 Topographic Information. 737.5

717.5 740 732.5

722.5

710 765

712.5 712.5 740

772.5 M32 «¬ 707.5 717.5 715 715 760 775

735 777.5

742.5 712.5 717.5

750

752.5 755 5,997,000 5,997,000

737.5 767.5 770

722.5 720

5 SE-17-59-12-W5 745 757.5

730 SW-17-59-12-W5 W - SE-18-59-12-W5 3 722.5

1 SW-18-59-12-W5 762.5

- 712.5 725 SW-16-59-12-W5

9 SE-13-59-13-W5 727.5 5

- 722.5

3 1

- 720

W S

712.5 732.5 747.5 715 715 717.5 710 735 717.5

770 712.5 740 765 742.5 737.5 767.5

772.5

750 755 760

732.5 757.5 752.5 762.5 730 740 722.5

«¬M33 712.5 727.5 725 765 NE-8-59-12-W5 NW-9-59-12-W5 735 NW-8-59-12-W5 NE-7-59-12-W5 NE-12-59-13-W5 712.5 NW-7-59-12-W5 772.5 NW-12-59-13-W5 745 737.5 752.5 747.5 770 742.5

750 780

775 767.5

78,000 79,000 80,000 81,000 82,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN, Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-3 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

82,000 83,000 84,000 85,000 86,000 «¬M11 «¬M10 SW-33-59-12-W5 SE-33-59-12-W5 SE-34-59-12-W5 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF SW-34-59-12-W5 695 «¬M12 697.5

695 THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS 700 715 697.5 705 «¬M13 700 707.5 FLOOD HAZARD MAP 702.5 702.5 705 707.5 702.5 «¬M14 710 710 695 695 MAPSHEET 4 OF 9 712.5 715 712.5 697.5 Job: 100149 720 717.5 Date: MARCH 2015 720 715 697.5 727.5 727.5 722.5 705 SCALE - 1:5,000 732.5 740 0 100 200 300 400 725 ± 732.5 695 M

745 735

737.5 5

735 W

740 730 - Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 2 742.5 732.5

737.5 722.5 1 Units: METRES 5

742.5 725 - 9

W 2-W5

692.5 NE-26-59-1 5 - 692.5

NW-26-59-12-W5 - 2

700 NE-27-59-12-W5 5 1

695 2 - 730 NW-27-59-12-W5 735 735 707.5 -

9 NE-28-59-12-W5 737.5 740 6,001,000 5 6,001,000

695 W

- N

8 M15

2 ¬ « 720 710 - 727.5 737.5 717.5 695 5 876 9

W 702.5 720 N 695 725 692.5 712.5 697.5 695 697.5 4 715 717.5 3 747.5 «¬M16 722.5 692.5 732.5 707.5 697.5 712.5 722.5 717.5 705 715 2 692.5 695 700 697.5 697.5 M17 695 1 «¬ 700

720 740 745 727.5 725 710 697.5

735 712.5697.5

742.5 752.5 695 730 Legend 697.5 755 710 740 697.5 River Centreline 695 732.5 737.5 Model Cross Section 750 702.5 707.5 747.5 697.5 745 702.5 697.5 Town of Whitecourt

727.5

752.5 705 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood

705

697.5 735 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 745 2.5 m Contour Interval

730

697.5 700 737.5 697.5 5

742.5 W

697.5 -

750 2 720 M18 715 1

755 «¬ - 9

722.5 752.5 740 5

SE-26-59-12-W5 - 5

700 SW-26-59-12-W5 5

W

2 - SE-27-59-12-W5 -

2 732.5

SW-27-59-12-W5 W

1 - SE-28-59-12-W5 S 9 757.5 755 730 695 700

5 697.5

- 742.5 8 737.5 695 2 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015 - 735 725

W 722.5 717.5 715 S 747.5

740 697.5 700 710 727.5 707.5 700 Notes to Users: 717.5 702.5 732.5 730 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca

705 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 735 730 727.5 712.5 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. 707.5 720 697.5 725 Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood 6,000,000 725 720 697.5 6,000,000 727.5 730 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated 722.5 710 715 705 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 717.5 722.5 712.5 ¬M19 700 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data « 700 705 712.5 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 705 710 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 707.5 717.5 710 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the M25 695 722.5 «¬ floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme 725 localized events on nearby tributary streams. 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or 715 715 700 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater

M20 702.5 727.5 705 «¬ or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding.

725 720 702.5 720 717.5 707.5 730 700

705 712.5 727.5 702.5 697.5 707.5 735 707.5 742.5 700 732.5 M21 740 «¬ 730 705 710 732.5

717.5

745

737.5 5

NW-22-59-12-W5 750 W -

705 2

M22 1 ¬ - 715 « 747.5

702.5

9 5 717.5 5

710

NE-23-59-12-W5 -

702.5 4

W NW-23-59-12-W5 -

M23 2

730 725 - 2 «¬ NE-22-59-12-W5

720

1 - 715 720 722.5725 W 9 710 NE-21-59-12-W5 N

5 705 -

1 M24 735

2 «¬ - 735

W 700 702.5 712.5 727.5 705 N 700 727.5 730 700 732.5 705 «¬M26 712.5 700

707.5 735 700

710

697.5 702.5 737.5 725 740 705 702.5

702.5 700

717.5 745 740 747.5 McLeod River 742.5

715

5,999,000 727.5 5,999,000 720 732.5

722.5 730 700 712.5 697.5

702.5 697.5 700 705 702.5 737.5

707.5 700 705 735 702.5

700 5

702.5 W

740 -

2 1

717.5 - Data Sources and References:

9 5

SE-23-59-12-W5 - 702.5 710 SW-23-59-12-W5 4

2 1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by 715 SE-22-59-12-W5 - 705 702.5 ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown 707.5 720 725 SW-22-59-12-W5 720 W SE-21-59-12-W5 730 707.5 712.5 722.5 S September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 710 715 735 705 707.5 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: 715 722.5 732.5 715 712.5 727.5 710 725 August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 737.5 740 SW-21-59-12-W5 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from 705 705 717.5 717.5 Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for 712.5 725 760 720

702.5 720 730 732.5 Topographic Information. 727.5 752.5 722.5 710 732.5 717.5 712.5 730 707.5 742.5 732.5 737.5 757.5 737.5 735 740 742.5 740 755 722.5 725

715 727.5

717.5 705 745 745 747.5 710

750 720 722.5 735 747.5 725 755 730 735 760 737.5 730 752.5 742.5 757.5762.5 720 727.5 722.5 740 765 702.5 705 767.5

725 732.5 770 707.5 715 722.5 722.5 710 725 772.5 712.5 727.5 717.5 775 730 720 732.5 727.5 730 5,998,000 737.5 5,998,000

735

5

W

-

2

1

-

9 5

NE-14-59-12-W5 -

NW-14-59-12-W5 3 1 NW-15-59-12-W5 NE-15-59-12-W5 -

NE-16-59-12-W5 W N NW-16-59-12-W5

SE-15-59-12-W5 5 SW-13-59-12-W5 SW-14-59-12-W5 SE-14-59-12-W 82,000 83,000 84,000 85,000 86,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN,

Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-4 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

83,000 84,000 85,000 86,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS

752.5 732.5 707.5 6,005,000 742.5 6,005,000 737.5 FLOOD HAZARD MAP 740

740 MAPSHEET 5 OF 9 702.5

735 5 750 747.5

W 745 Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015 - 730 SE-11-60-12-W5 732.5 SW-12-60-12-W5 720 2 SW-11-60-12-W5 737.5 735 1 SE-10-60-12-W5

- SW-10-60-12-W5 727.5 0 SE-9-60-12-W5 700 722.5 700 722.5 720 SCALE - 1:5,000 6 715 730 - 727.5 9 725 710 - 712.5 717.5 725 725 0 100 200 300 400

W 705 712.5 707.5

S ± 720 717.5 697.5 M 727.5 717.5 710 715 715 700 705 695 722.5 692.5 697.5 690 692.5 712.5 695 A23 Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 707.5 «¬ 702.5 690 Units: METRES 710 702.5 707.5 705 A26 725 735 737.5 697.5 «¬

700 700 722.5 732.5 695 690 A24 717.5 «¬ 727.5 700 A25 720 ¬ « 876 9 A27 687.5 5 705 730 «¬ 700 707.5 710 725

702.5 712.5 697.5 705 715 722.5 4 720 Athabasca River 3 702.5

697.5 707.5 717.5 692.5 685 2 707.5 715 707.5 700 712.5 700 702.5 695 710 687.5 687.5 A28 1 705 «¬ 687.5

697.5 697.5 700 690 690 NE-2-60-12-W5 5 A29 A30 «¬ NW-2-60-12-W5 685 685 W «¬

- NE-3-60-12-W5 Legend 2

NW-3-60-12-W5 NW-1-60-12-W5 1 697.5

- NE-4-60-12-W5 0

6 700 River Centreline

-

4 -

705 Model Cross Section

W N 695 Town of Whitecourt 695 687.5 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 687.5 685 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 702.5 695 692.5 «¬A31 2.5 m Contour Interval

697.5

6,004,000 700 6,004,000

697.5

700

690

697.5 695 «¬A32 690 695 692.5 692.5 687.5 687.5 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015 687.5

702.5 A33 695 692.5 «¬ Notes to Users: 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca 692.5 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 695 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 690 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated

687.5 690 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 695 690 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data 697.5 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 687.5 690 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 690 687.5 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 692.5 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the SE-2-60-12-W5

5 A37 «¬ SW-2-60-12-W5 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme W localized events on nearby tributary streams. - SE-3-60-12-W5

2 700

SW-3-60-12-W5 SW-1-60-12-W5 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due 1

- SE-4-60-12-W5

0 to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or 6 - A34 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater 4 687.5

- «¬ A35 690 or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding. W «¬ 692.5

S A36 695 «¬A38 «¬ 690 695

697.5

695 692.5 690 690

692.5 687.5

690 690

687.5 692.5 690

690 692.5 Athabasca River

692.5

6,003,000 690 6,003,000

695 692.5

700 697.5 690 697.5 695

692.5 692.5 692.5 692.5 M01 695 «¬ 695 690 ¬M02

« 692.5 5

692.5 W 700 695 M03 - ¬ 2

« 1

697.5 692.5 - 695 9

690 5

NE-35-59-12-W5 - 5

NW-35-59-12-W5 6 3

W -

- NE-34-59-12-W5

2 W

1 NW-34-59-12-W5 692.5

- N

9 NE-33-59-12-W5 5

692.5 -

697.5 3 697.5

3 692.5 - 692.5 692.5

W 695 700

695 N «¬M04 «¬A39 692.5

692.5

McLeod River 692.5 692.5 692.5

690

692.5 Data Sources and References:

1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown

700 695 September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 695 695 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: 695 692.5 692.5 August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. M05 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from «¬ 695 Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information. 697.5 692.5 695 697.5 695 697.5

695

6,002,000 692.5 6,002,000

695 692.5

5 SE-35-59-12-W5

W SW-35-59-12-W5 -

2 SE-34-59-12-W5

1 695

- SW-34-59-12-W5 9

SE-33-59-12-W5 SW-36-59-12-W5

5

-

3 3 - 697.5

W 692.5 697.5 S 702.5 692.5 705 700 695

695

692.5 695 697.5 695 M06

«¬ 695 702.5 «¬M07 695 M08 697.5 «¬M09«¬ 712.5 707.5 710 700 700 695 705 702.5 «¬M10 M11 697.5 697.5 «¬ 697.5 700 700 692.5

697.5 695 «¬M12

695 700 695 697.5 M13 712.5 702.5 705 «¬ 707.5 697.5 M14 710 «¬ 710 712.5 695 712.5 705 702.5700 697.5 717.5 NW-25-59-12-W5 NE-26-59-12-W5 715 NE-27-59-12-W5 NW-26-59-12-W5 707.5 720 NW-27-59-12-W5 717.5 710 NE-28-59-12-W5 720 720 715 727.5 722.5 725 722.5 730 727.5 730 732.5

NW-28-59-12-W5 727.5 732.5 730 740 735 745 732.5 737.5 737.5 735 735

742.5 695 725 737.5 740 742.5 692.5

83,000 84,000 85,000 86,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN, Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-5 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

87,000 88,000 89,000 90,000 91,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS

FLOOD HAZARD MAP MAPSHEET 6 OF 9

Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015

5 SCALE - 1:5,000

W

-

5

1

1 -

W 0 100 200 300 400

- 0

2 -11-W5

SW-8-60 6 ±

- M 1 SE-7-60-11-W5

- SW-7-60-11-W5 2-W5 8

SE-12-60-1 -

0 SW-12-60-12-W5

6

E

- S 1 760 1 Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 6,005,000 6,005,000 - 742.5

E 760 Units: METRES

S 740 755 760 752.5 760 750 757.5 757.5 752.5 755 750 747.5 745 737.5 747.5 740 742.5 750 737.5 732.5 747.5 730 727.5 717.5 725 732.5 742.5 742.5 725 722.5 752.5 757.5 727.5 745 737.5 740 735 712.5 720 732.5 745 755 710 740 876 9 730 720 707.5 712.5 5 730 740 725 727.5 750 747.5 737.5 715 732.5 735 735 745 727.5 722.5 715 712.5 717.5 717.5 705 705 730 735 720 722.5 710 722.5 697.5 702.5 715 720 720 705 697.5 742.5 732.5 722.5 710 700 692.5 752.5 710 692.5 695 740 712.5 695 702.5 727.5 745 707.5 700 700 750 747.5 4 692.5 707.5 730 737.5 707.5 697.5 ¬A18 690 717.5 3 « 687.5 695 715 702.5 A17 725 742.5 690 712.5 725 «¬ A23 720 «¬ 712.5 720 750 687.5 695 697.5 705 707.5 710 737.5 A22 705 2 685 «¬ 692.5 A19 690 A20 715 687.5 687.5 «¬ «¬ 695 707.5 732.5 700 697.5 692.5 700 740 687.5 690 732.5 727.5 «¬A24 A16 730 «¬ 722.5 702.5 705 1 737.5 735 682.5 742.5 685 740 697.5 745 747.5 687.5 730 742.5 745 A21 735 727.5 737.5 ¬ A15 692.5 720 732.5 725 722.5 740 « 695 717.5 685 «¬ Athabasca River 710 712.5 715 700 705 707.5 Legend 685 702.5 River Centreline 690 697.5 700

682.5 682.5 5 692.5 702.5 Model Cross Section A14 W

687.5 - ¬ 695

« 1 685

685 685 1

685 - Town of Whitecourt

A13 0 NW-5-60-11-W5 685 6 ¬ - 685 «

687.5 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 5

A25 NE-6-60-11-W5 -

«¬ E NW-6-60-11-W5 690 697.5 NE-1-60-12-W5 N Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood NW-1-60-12-W5 692.5 682.5 682.5 2.5 m Contour Interval 687.5 680

«¬A12 NE-2-60-12-W5 A11 Athabasca River «¬ 680 685 687.5 682.5

687.5 685 685 682.5 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015 680 685

687.5 682.5 Notes to Users: 6,004,000 685 685 6,004,000 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated 682.5 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 685 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data 687.5 687.5 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 682.5 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 687.5 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the «¬A26 685 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme 685 localized events on nearby tributary streams. 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater 687.5 5

or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding.

W -

687.5 1

1

-

0 6

SW-5-60-11-W5 -

5 -

5 SE-6-60-11-W5

E W

SW-6-60-11-W5 S

- 682.5

2 SE-1-60-12-W5 1

- SW-1-60-12-W5

0 685

6 -

687.5 685

2 -

685 682.5 E S 687.5 682.5 687.5 690

682.5

687.5 682.5 685

690 687.5 685

687.5

685 687.5

682.5

687.5 690 685 6,003,000 6,003,000

682.5 690

692.5 5

690 685 W

-

1

1

-

9 5

NW-32-59-11-W5 - 2

NE-31-59-11-W5 3 -

NW-31-59-11-W5 E

NE-36-59-12-W5 685 N NW-36-59-12-W5

NE-35-59-12-W5 692.5 687.5

692.5 685 Data Sources and References:

1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by 692.5 ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: 690 687.5 690 August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for 692.5 687.5 690 Topographic Information.

690 687.5 687.5

692.5

687.5

700 687.5 690

695

690

687.5

697.5 692.5 690 690

690

692.5

5 W

690 -

6,002,000 687.5 687.5 687.5 6,002,000 1

692.5

1

-

9

5 -

SW-32-59-11-W5 2 3

SE-31-59-11-W5 -

SW-31-59-11-W5 E SE-36-59-12-W5 687.5 690 S 692.5 SW-36-59-12-W5 692.5 692.5 687.5

SE-35-59-12-W5 690

690 690 690

690

692.5 690

NW-29-59-11-W5 NE-29-59-11-W5 NW-30-59-11-W5 NE-30-59-11-W5 NW-25-59-12-W5 NE-25-59-12-W5 NE-26-59-12-W5

87,000 88,000 89,000 90,000 91,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN,

Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-6 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

91,000 92,000 93,000 94,000 95,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS

FLOOD HAZARD MAP MAPSHEET 7 OF 9

Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015 5

W SW-11-60-11-W5 SCALE - 1:5,000 - SW-10-60-11-W5 SE-10-60-11-W5 1 -W5

1 SE-9-60-11

- SW-9-60-11-W5 0 100 200 300 400

0 SE-8-60-11-W5

6 ±

- M

8

- W

S Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 6,005,000 6,005,000 Units: METRES

5 876 9

4 730 3

720 727.5 710 707.5717.5 705 715 722.5 2 695 725

745 732.5 727.5 702.5 747.5 722.5 730 712.5 1 737.5 735 742.5 747.5 690 742.5 740 742.5 760 720 715 757.5 755 712.5 725 755 Legend 707.5 717.5 767.5

697.5 702.5 712.5 687.5 752.5 752.5 River Centreline 705 707.5 710 NE-3-60-11-W5 740 5 NW-3-60-11-W5 730 Model Cross Section

W 702.5 737.5 - 740 NE-4-60-11-W5 750

1 695

702.5 745 732.5 NW-2-60-11-W5 760

1 715 NW-4-60-11-W5 755 737.5 727.5 - 750 747.5 737.5 747.5 725 Town of Whitecourt

0 NE-5-60-11-W5 732.5 742.5 6

692.5 - 700 742.5 725 720 5 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood - 727.5 735 732.5 747.5 765 W 700 697.5 715 742.5 740 732.5 735 747.5

685 700 727.5 N 717.5 712.5 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 695 710 722.5 745 710 707.5 717.5 735 730 Athabasca River 2.5 m Contour Interval 702.5 705 740 762.5 A12 690 692.5 750 727.5 707.5 695 677.5 «¬ 690 695 760 752.5 680 687.5 725 745 750 692.5 680 685 747.5 740 737.5 735 722.5 705 A11 682.5 682.5 755 687.5 «¬ 732.5 720 722.5 757.5 722.5 675 680 712.5 735 725 702.5 690 687.5 720 742.5 715 685 697.5 737.5 725 745 742.5 727.5 715 730 712.5 710 732.5 700 A08 700 725 735 717.5 740 710 ¬ 677.5 685 « 732.5 740 730 717.5 710 730 707.5 705 695 722.5 682.5 712.5 700 702.5 720 727.5 717.5 697.5 707.5 727.5 680 692.5 695 692.5 687.5 742.5 720 715 680 702.5 690 705 722.5 707.5 687.5 687.5 685 680 682.5 700 730 735 710 705 702.5 692.5 A10 682.5 690 715 737.5 700 695 ¬ 717.5 690 677.5 « 725 712.5 675 692.5 702.5 697.5 685 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015 690

687.5 680 677.5 Notes to Users: 6,004,000 677.5 682.5 6,004,000 685 677.5 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca 675 ¬A09 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. « 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. 677.5 Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood 680 677.5 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 682.5 677.5 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated 677.5 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 680 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 675 677.5 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the 682.5 680 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme localized events on nearby tributary streams. 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due 677.5 677.5 677.5 682.5 to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or 680 SE-3-60-11-W5 675 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater

5 SW-3-60-11-W5 or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding. W

- SE-4-60-11-W5

1 SW-2-60-11-W5

1 SW-4-60-11-W5 - 677.5

0 SE-5-60-11-W5

6 -

682.5 5 -

W 675

S 675

680

677.5 677.5 677.5 677.5 677.5

680

680 677.5 680 682.5 680

680

677.5 682.5 682.5 680 680 677.5

677.5

677.5

680

680

6,003,000 680 6,003,000 680

682.5

677.5

NE-34-59-11-W5

5 NW-34-59-11-W5 W

- NE-33-59-11-W5

1

1 NW-35-59-11-W5 - NW-33-59-11-W5 680

9 NE-32-59-11-W5

5

-

2

3

- W

N 682.5

680

680 677.5 680 Data Sources and References:

1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 687.5 680 682.5 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 690 685 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for 692.5 Topographic Information. 680 680

680

680

685 682.5 682.5 687.5 685 687.5 690 685 690 685 687.5 690 692.5 692.5 682.5 687.5 687.5 697.5 695 695 695 692.5 702.5 700 697.5 700 702.5 700 707.5 712.5 702.5 685 697.5 705 690 710 705 707.5 682.5 690 722.5717.5 707.5 685 685 692.5 712.5 710 705 702.5 687.5 690 695 697.5 687.5 690 715 SE-34-59-11-W5 692.5 5 690 710 SW-34-59-11-W5

W 725 695 - 6,002,000 720 SE-33-59-11-W5 6,002,000

1 697.5

1 SW-35-59-11-W5

- SW-33-59-11-W5 700 697.5

9 SE-32-59-11-W5 717.5 5 - 715

2 702.5 700 3

- 712.5 705 702.5

W 687.5 715 707.5 S

707.5 710 710 712.5 690 715 687.5

705 695 700 712.5

690

NE-27-59-11-W5 NW-26-59-11-W5 NE-28-59-11-W5 NW-27-59-11-W5 NE-29-59-11-W5 NW-28-59-11-W5 NW-29-59-11-W5

91,000 92,000 93,000 94,000 95,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN,

Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-7 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

95,000 96,000 97,000 98,000 99,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS

FLOOD HAZARD MAP MAPSHEET 8 OF 9

727.5 730 Job: 100149 717.5 735 727.5 SE-7-60-10-W5 Date: MARCH 2015 732.5 725 SW-7-60-10-W5 SE-12-60-11-W5 737.5 737.5 W-1 0-11-W5 697.5 E-11-60-11-W5 S 2-6 720 SW-11-60-11-W5 S SCALE - 1:5,000 722.5 717.5 747.5 742.5 725 722.5 712.5 707.5 0 100 200 300 400

730 ± 730 720 M SE-10-60-11-W5 735 717.5 720 695 740 725 745 745 720 710 715 722.5 697.5 712.5 727.5 732.5 717.5 705 710 Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 6,005,000 735 712.5 6,005,000 750 740

715 740 720 Units: METRES 725 707.5 747.5 715 715 737.5 742.5 697.5 702.5 695 705 730 700 695 702.5 692.5 722.5 720 737.5 727.5 725 700 5 876 9 692.5 742.5 715 727.5722.5 705 707.5 692.5 717.5 725 717.5 740 710 732.5 697.5 687.5 717.5 725 707.5 712.5 690 700 720 702.5 717.5 680 4 715 685 697.5 702.5 710 712.5 710 692.5 682.5 707.5 690 3 717.5 690 727.5 690 687.5 705 692.5 712.5 710 682.5 722.5 697.5 735 710 700 730 715 705 705 707.5 677.5 712.5 700 715 675 690 685 695 685 742.5 737.5 732.5 707.5 695 700 702.5 687.5 685 2 692.5 685 682.5 680 682.5 A06 677.5 692.5 700 725 705 677.5 «¬ 675 697.5 677.5 680 672.5 720 672.5 682.5 697.5 680 727.5 687.5 675 702.5 677.5 675 687.5 705 675 680 695 1 A05 677.5 «¬A04 Athabasca River 717.5 «¬ 700 712.5 710 715 672.5 742.5 740 695 A07 672.5 670 672.5 ¬ NW-6-60-10-W5 697.5 « 690

5 670 732.5 702.5 NE-1-60-11-W5

W 737.5 722.5 Legend

- 705 692.5 NW-1-60-11-W5 NE-6-60-10-W5 1 735 730 725 NE-2-60-11-W5

1 682.5 -

0 NW-2-60-11-W5 River Centreline

6 685

- 707.5

3 675 - Model Cross Section 727.5 670

E 700 737.5 717.5 687.5 N 675 720 710 Town of Whitecourt 675 715 695 677.5 675 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 697.5 680 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood Athabasca River 2.5 m Contour Interval 675 677.5 670 675 672.5 672.5 672.5

675 675

675

Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015

672.5 677.5 675 Notes to Users: 6,004,000 6,004,000 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca 675 «¬A08 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 675 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods. Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood 675 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated 670 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 672.5 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data 675 675 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September

5 672.5

672.5 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys. W

- 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 0

677.5 1

- the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the 0

SW-6-60-10-W5 6 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme

-

5 6

SE-1-60-11-W5 - localized events on nearby tributary streams.

W E

- SW-1-60-11-W5

S 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due

1 SE-2-60-11-W5 1

- to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or

0 SW-2-60-11-W5

6 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater

- 3

- or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding. E 675 S 675 672.5

677.5 677.5 675 677.5

672.5 670

677.5

675

675 672.5

675 5

6,003,000 6,003,000

W

-

0

1

-

9

5 -

677.5

675 672.5 NW-31-59-10-W5 1

5 3

NE-36-59-11-W5 -

W E

- 675 NW-36-59-11-W5

1 N

1 NE-35-59-11-W5 -

9 NW-35-59-11-W5

5 675 -

4 672.5 3

- 670

E N

670 675

677.5 672.5

Data Sources and References:

675 1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 675 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from 675 Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information.

680

675 675

677.5 672.5

5

W

-

0

1 -

675 9

5 - 675 SW-31-59-10-W5

5 680 1

SE-36-59-11-W5 3

- W

- 675

SW-36-59-11-W5 E

1 S 1 SE-35-59-11-W5 - 685 680

9 SW-35-59-11-W5 5 - 682.5

4 687.5 682.5

3 -

6,002,000 685 6,002,000 E 697.5 687.5 677.5

S 700 695 690 680 677.5 692.5 677.5 680 675 672.5 700 682.5 675 682.5 687.5 702.5 690 685 695 687.5 697.5 705 697.5 695 692.5 702.5 700 685 707.5 682.5 707.5 692.5 692.5 695 677.5 705 690 690 702.5 710 697.5 697.5 707.5 680 682.5 700 690 692.5 702.5 712.5 717.5 712.5 715 702.5 700 672.5 675 685 682.5 705 690 680 675 677.5 685 712.5 707.5 685 687.5 710 690 705 710 682.5 715 690 720 702.5 695 717.5 692.5 687.5 685 680 712.5 705 695 695 687.5 722.5 707.5 697.5 720 710 715 702.5 700 712.5 725 700 705 687.5 727.5 722.5 715 710 707.5 717.5 692.5 705 717.5 695 715 702.5 725 710 722.5 707.5 720

700 715 712.5 705 717.5 722.5 725 725 717.5 707.5

720 5 710 712.5

W

-

705 695 725 0 727.5

1

-

692.5 9 725 722.5 5 NW-30-59-10-W5 -

NE-25-59-11-W5 0

NW-25-59-11-W5 3 690 NE-26-59-11-W5 - 730 732.5

NW-26-59-11-W5 E

N NE-27-59-11-W5

95,000 96,000 97,000 98,000 99,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN,

Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-8 March 2017 APPENDIX B - Whitecourt Flood Risk Mapping Study

99,000 100,000 101,000 102,000 103,000 FLOOD HAZARD IDENTIFICATION STUDY OF THE ATHABASCA AND MCLEOD RIVERS

FLOOD HAZARD MAP

5 W5 MAPSHEET 9 OF 9 W SE-9-60-10-W5 SW-10-60-10- - SW-9-60-10-W5

0 SE-8-60-10-W5

1 SW-8-60-10-W5

- SE-7-60-10-W5 Job: 100149 Date: MARCH 2015

0

6 -

720 7

- SCALE - 1:5,000 W

717.5 S 725 717.5 722.5 720 0 100 200 300 400 ± M 715 715

712.5 712.5 712.5 710 Coordinate System: 3TM 117˚, NAD 1983 6,005,000 6,005,000 707.5 717.5 Units: METRES 710 712.5 707.5 705 702.5 710 715 705 720 700 700 697.5 876 9 707.5 712.5 717.5 5 695 705 715

692.5 725 695 690 687.5 680 682.5 685 720 730 4 677.5 680 3 675 702.5 705 727.5 672.5 670 695 735 672.5 690 687.5 692.5 700 732.5 680 682.5 717.5 2 722.5 672.5 677.5 685 697.5 672.5 712.5 670 1 715 NE-4-60-10-W5

5 Athabasca River «¬A03 675 710 NW-4-60-10-W5 W

- 707.5 NE-5-60-10-W5 NW-3-60-10-W5

0 NW-5-60-10-W5 680 722.5 1

- 670

0 NE-6-60-10-W5 6 - 695

6 690

- 720

W 702.5 Legend 677.5 N 670 700 River Centreline 705 692.5 Model Cross Section 710 717.5 667.5 670 687.5 727.5 Town of Whitecourt 685 Floodway Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 682.5 675 697.5 680 Flood Fringe Extent of the 100-Year Design Flood 672.5 690 715 2.5 m Contour Interval

712.5

677.5 670 672.5 695 730 670

710

670

725

702.5 707.5 Date Printed: 23-MAR-2015 700

667.5 717.5 Notes to Users: 6,004,000 6,004,000 1. This map corresponds to flooding potential from the Athabasca 727.5 670 730 and McLeod Rivers near Whitecourt. 672.5 670 705 2. Flood levels are presented for the following floods.

670 Athabasca River: 100-year Open Water Flood

680 McLeod River: 100-year Ice Jam Flood 722.5 3. The flood maps are based on water surface profiles simulated

675 670 685 using a one-dimensional hydraulic model developed by NHC. 667.5 4. Model cross section geometry was based on river survey data

695 SE-4-60-10-W5 672.5 and airborne LiDAR data collected in August and September 672.5 690

682.5 SW-4-60-10-W5 5 670 2012. The map depict conditions at the time of the surveys.

SE-5-60-10-W5 SW-3-60-10-W5

W 725 720

- 692.5 5. These maps depict flooding due to flood events occurring on 667.5

0 SW-5-60-10-W5 732.5

1 the Athabasca and McLeod Rivers. Lands adjacent to the 672.5 - SE-6-60-10-W5 735

0 floodplain may be subject to localized flooding from extreme 6

687.5 -

6 localized events on nearby tributary streams. - 670 730

677.5 W 727.5 6. Local flood levels may exceed those indicated on the map due S to: localized barriers such as roads, railways, embankments, or 670 levees; channel obstructions; local storm inflows; groundwater

715 722.5 or other land drainage that may cause localized flooding.

700 702.5 712.5

670 667.5 697.5

707.5 717.5 720 670 710 710 667.5 717.5 715

672.5

705 670 722.5

670 712.5

680

707.5

692.5 670 «¬A02 665 690 705 685 700 695 667.5 717.5 715 710 A01 695 «¬ 677.5

697.5

682.5 692.5682.5 712.5 672.5 670 707.5 697.5 680 670 670 690 705 700 710 675 675 702.5

670

667.5 NE-33-59-10-W5

6,003,000 6,003,000 5 695 685 NW-33-59-10-W5 W 667.5 - NE-32-59-10-W5

0 667.5

687.5 NW-34-59-10-W5

1 NW-32-59-10-W5 -

9 NE-31-59-10-W5 677.5

5 -

1 672.5 3

- 670

670 W

670 N

670

667.5 667.5

665

670 667.5

670

665 667.5 667.5 667.5

665 667.5 Data Sources and References:

665 667.5 1. High resolution orthophoto and contours produced by ORTHOSHOP Geomatics Ltd. Orthophoto and LiDAR flown 670 September 16, 2012. Projection / Datum: 3TM 117˚ / NAD 83. 667.5 667.5 2. Low resolution orthophoto from Google Earth Pro. Date of image: 670 August 28, 2007 and June 10, 2010. 667.5 665 3. Reference map is CanMatrix sheet "083J - Whitecourt", from Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information. 665 732.5 670 672.5 727.5 735 667.5 667.5 677.5 682.5 692.5 730 700 675 685 702.5 697.5 715 667.5 680 707.5 712.5 695 705 717.5 667.5 690 687.5 SE-33-59-10-W5 700 725 SW-33-59-10-W5 710 5 682.5 692.5

SE-32-59-10-W5 665 672.5 W

- 715

697.5 722.5 SW-34-59-10-W5 0 SW-32-59-10-W5 685 1 677.5 707.5 720

- SE-31-59-10-W5 670

9 5 - 675 712.5 730 1 695 737.5

3 665

- 687.5 667.5 690 705 W 702.5 710 732.5 S 680 740 742.5 682.5 735 677.5 712.5 717.5 727.5 670 697.5 737.5 6,002,000 670 685 6,002,000 722.5 725 672.5 707.5 700 672.5 692.5 730 672.5 675 702.5 710 705 720 680 687.5 695 672.5 677.5 682.5 690 732.5 685 697.5 715 692.5 700 675 687.5 727.5 677.5 695 707.5 682.5 697.5 702.5 705 712.5 675 675 690 687.5 680 690 717.5 685 692.5 685 710 720 700 712.5 722.5 677.5 697.5 695 725 705 700 730 682.5 707.5 702.5 707.5 715 717.5 727.5 685 680 710 720 712.5 690 692.5 705 725 687.5 727.5 732.5 695 735 715 715 730 717.5 732.5 737.5 717.5 697.5 720 725 737.5 735 722.5 722.5 735

712.5 722.5 702.5 730 740 712.5 700 707.5 722.5 730 5

705

W - 737.5 727.5 725 742.5 0

727.5 732.5 1

5 710 - 740

735 9

W

5 -

NE-28-59-10-W5 - 0 725 745 -59-10-W5 7

1 NW-28 2

- 730

NE-29-59-10-W5 -

9 720 NW-29-59-10-W5 W

5 722.5 NE-30-59-10-W5 747.5 N 727.5 732.5 NW-30-

99,000 100,000 101,000 102,000 103,000 MSN, P:\_Projects (Active)\100149 Whitecourt FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Flood Hazard Maps R2.mxdMapsHazard Flood FHIS\GIS\Mapping\100149 Whitecourt (Active)\100149 P:\_Projects MSN, Source:

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT B-9 March 2017 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Appendix C – Residential Classification Scheme

March 2017 Residential Classification Scheme TableExhibit of D-1Contents - Residential Classification Scheme ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9 1.1 Purpose...... 9 1.2 Background...... 9 2.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 2.1 Streamflow Records...... 10 2.2 Historical Floods ...... 11 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 11 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 2.5 Boundary Conditions and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13 2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 13 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 14 2.9 Cross-Sections...... 14 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT C-1 March 2017 2 Residential Classification - Typical Examples TableExhibit of D-2Contents - Residential Classification - Typical Examples ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9 1.1 Purpose...... 9 1.2 Background...... 9 2.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 2.1 Streamflow Records...... 10 2.2 Historical Floods ...... 11 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 11 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 2.5 Boundary Conditions and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13 2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 13 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 14 2.9 Cross-Sections...... 14 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT C-2 March 2017 2 Residential Classification - Typical Examples TableExhibit of D-3Contents - Residential Classification - Typical Examples ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9 1.1 Purpose...... 9 1.2 Background...... 9 2.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 2.1 Streamflow Records...... 10 2.2 Historical Floods ...... 11 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 11 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 2.5 Boundary Conditions and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13 2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 13 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 14 2.9 Cross-Sections...... 14 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19

3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency AnalysisProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 20 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... EXHIBIT 20 C-3 March 2017 2 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Appendix D – Depth-Damage Curves and Values*

* Calgary 2014 $

March 2017 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-1 - Class D - ADamage - Residential Curves One-Storey and Values - Class A - Residential One-Storey ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 Class A - Residential One-Storey Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $400 $231 $632 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $554 $271 $825 2 1.2 Background...... 9 -2.1 $0 $0 $715 $299 $1,015 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0 $778...... $299 $1,077 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $784 $305 $1,090 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $786 $335 $1,122 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $788 $335 $1,123 2.2 Historical-0.6 Floods $0...... $0 $810 $356 $1,167 ...... 0 11 -0.3 $0 $0 $836 $357 $1,193 2.3 Streamflow0 Regulation$0...... $0 $836 $365 $1,201 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 $373and Physiographic $588 Data $836...... $365 $2,162 -1 11 0.3 $624 $594 $836 $365 $2,420 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $758 and Stage $674-Discharge $836 Relationships $365...... $2,633 12 0.9 $809 $848 $836 $365 $2,858 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $816 ...... $848 $836 $365 $2,865 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $816 Water Marks $848...... $836 $365 $2,865 ...... 13 1.8 $839 $848 $836 $365 $2,888 -3 2.8 Aerial2.1 Photographs $839...... $848 $836 $365 $2,888 ...... $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 14 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,500 2.4 $839 $848 $836 $365 $2,888 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.7-Sections $839...... $848 $836 $365 $2,888 ...... 14 1 2.10distance Lake between and floors Marine is variable Coasta in model,l Levels 2.7m ...... illustrated ...... 15 2not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-1 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

APPENDIXTableExhibit of Contents B-2 - DClass - Damage A - Residential Curves Two-Storey and Values - Class A - Residential Two-Storey ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 -2.7 Class A -Residential Two-Storey DepthLIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 Depth relatmain1.0 floorINTRODUCTIONContents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $226 $241 $467 ...... 9 1.2 Background-2.4...... $0 $0 $354 $354 $708 ...... 2 9 -2.1 $0 $0 $395 $406 $802 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0 $437...... $406 $843 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $440 $429 $869 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $442 $466 $908 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $444 $466 $910 2.2 Historical Floods ...... 11 -0.6 $0 $0 $475 $506 $980 0 2.3 Streamflow-0.3 Regulation $0...... $0 $523 $507 $1,030 ...... 11 0 $0 $0 $523 $522 $1,045 2.4 Meteorological0.1 $343 and Physiographic $665 Data $523...... $522 $2,053 -1 11 0.3 $545 $676 $523 $522 $2,266 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $663 and Stage $826-Discharge $523 Relationships $522...... $2,534 12 2.6 Hydraulic0.9 Coef $748ficients ...... $1,051 $523 $522 $2,845 -2 13 1.2 $766 $1,051 $523 $522 $2,862 (meters) Elevation Floor Main to Relative Depth 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $767 Water $1,051 Marks...... $523 $522 $2,863 ...... 13 1.8 $767 $1,051 $523 $522 $2,863 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... -3 14 2.1 $767 $1,051 $523 $522 $2,863 $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,500 2.9 Cross2.4-Sections $767...... $1,051 $523 $522 $2,863 ...... Damages. 14 ($/m2) 2.7 $767 $1,051 $523 $522 $2,863 1distance betw1distance2.10 Lake between and floors Marine is variable Coasta in model,l Levels 2.7m illustrated...... 15 2not all struct 2not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17

3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyProvincial Analysis Flood...... Damage Assessment Study – 18 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded DataTown...... of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-2 March 2017 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableAPPENDIXExhibit of Contents B-3 - DClass - Damage B - Residential Curves One-Storey and Values - Class B - Residential One-Story ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 -2.7 Class B - Residential One-Storey Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 Depth relatmain1.0 INTRODUCTIONfloor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $226 $232 $458 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $339 $282 $621 2 1.2 Background-2.1...... $0 $0 $375 $312 $687 ...... 9 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0 $401...... $312 $713 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $410 $322 $732 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $411 $334 $745 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $412 $334 $746 2.2 Historical-0.6 Floods $0...... $0 $426 $362 $788 ...... 0 11 -0.3 $0 $0 $504 $363 $867 2.3 Streamflow0 Regulation$0...... $0 $504 $374 $877 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 $221 and Physiographic $400 Data $504...... $374 $1,498 -1 11 0.3 $384 $407 $504 $374 $1,668 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $431 and Stage $457-Discharge $504 Relationships $374...... $1,765 12 0.9 $492 $578 $504 $374 $1,947 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coef $494ficients ...... $578 $504 $374 $1,949 (meters) Elevation Floor to Main Relative Depth 13 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $494 Water Marks $578...... $504 $374 $1,949 ...... 13 1.8 $495 $578 $504 $374 $1,950 -3 2.8 Aerial2.1 Photographs $495...... $578 $504 $374 $1,950 ...... $0 $500 $1,000 14 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 2.4 $495 $578 $504 $374 $1,950 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.7-Sections $495...... $578 $504 $374 $1,950 ...... 14 1distance betw1distance between floors is variable in model, 2.7m illustrated 2 22.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 not all struct not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17

3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyProvincial Analysis Flood...... Damage Assessment Study – 18 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT D-3 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 March 2017 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-4 - Class D - BDamage - Residential Curves Split Leveland Values - Class B - Residential Split Level ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 Class B - Residential Split Level Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2 1.2 Background-2.1...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 9 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0...... $0 $0 $0 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.4 Records $0...... $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 10 -1.2 $0 $0 $113 $116 $229 2.2 Historical-0.9 Floods ...... $0 $0 $169 $141 $310 ...... 0 11 -0.6 $0 $0 $188 $156 $344 2.3 Streamflow-0.3 Regulation $0...... $0 $200 $156 $356 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 and $108 Physiographic $210 Data $219...... $161 $698 -1 11 0.3 $194 $217 $296 $185 $892 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $217 and Stage $242-Discharge $296 Relationships $185...... $940 12 0.9 $252 $302 $297 $190 $1,040 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $253 ...... $302 $297 $191 $1,043 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.3 of High $360 Water Marks $502...... $297 $191 $1,350 ...... 13 1.5 $441 $502 $297 $191 $1,431 -3 2.8 Aerial1.8 Photographs $463...... $527 $297 $191 $1,478 ...... $0 $200 $400 $600 $80014 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 2.1 $494 $588 $297 $191 $1,569 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.4-Sections $495...... $588 $297 $191 $1,570 ...... 14 1distance between floors is variable in model, 2.7m illustrated 2.102 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-4 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-5 - Class D - BDamage - Residential Curves Two-Storey and Values - Class B - Residential Two-Storey ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 Class B - Residential Two-Storey Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $163 $242 $405 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $255 $331 $586 2 1.2 Background-2.1...... $0 $0 $294 $385 $678 ...... 9 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0...... $324 $385 $709 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $332 $402 $735 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $336 $420 $756 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $336 $420 $756 2.2 Historical-0.6 Floods ...... $0 $0 $364 $470 $833 ...... 0 11 -0.3 $0 $0 $427 $473 $900 2.3 Streamflow0 Regulation$0...... $0 $427 $490 $917 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 and $235 Physiographic $524 Data $427...... $490 $1,676 -1 11 0.3 $342 $536 $427 $490 $1,795 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $422 and Stage $625-Discharge $427 Relationships $490...... $1,964 12 0.9 $481 $792 $427 $490 $2,190 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $507 ...... $792 $427 $490 $2,216 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $508 Water Marks $792...... $427 $490 $2,217 ...... 13 1.8 $511 $792 $427 $490 $2,220 -3 2.8 Aerial2.1 Photographs $511...... $792 $427 $490 $2,220 ...... $0 $500 $1,000 14 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 2.4 $512 $792 $427 $490 $2,221 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.7-Sections $512...... $792 $427 $490 $2,221 ...... 14 1distance between floors is variable in model, 2.7m illustrated 2.102 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-5 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-6 - Class D - CDamage - Residential Curves One-Storey and Values - Class C - Residential One-Storey ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 Class C - Residential One-Storey Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $294 $237 $530 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $350 $309 $659 2 1.2 Background...... 9 -2.1 $0 $0 $385 $356 $741 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0...... $418 $356 $774 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $422 $374 $796 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $422 $383 $806 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $423 $383 $806 2.2 Historical-0.6 Floods ...... $0 $0 $439 $424 $863 ...... 0 11 -0.3 $0 $0 $511 $427 $938 2.3 Streamflow0 Regulation$0...... $0 $511 $439 $950 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 and $240 Physiographic $467 Data $511...... $439 $1,657 -1 11 0.3 $360 $479 $511 $439 $1,789 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $420 and Stage $557-Discharge $511 Relationships $439...... $1,927 12 0.9 $468 $672 $511 $439 $2,090 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $479 ...... $672 $511 $439 $2,100 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $479 Water Marks $672...... $511 $439 $2,101 ...... 13 1.8 $479 $672 $511 $439 $2,101 -3 2.8 Aerial2.1 Photographs $479...... $672 $511 $439 $2,101 ...... $0 $500 $1,000 14 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 2.4 $479 $672 $511 $439 $2,101 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.7-Sections $479...... $672 $511 $439 $2,101 ...... 14 1 2.10distance Lake between and floorsMarine is variable Coasta in model,l Levels 2.7m...... illustrated ...... 15 2not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-6 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-7 - Class D - CDamage - Residential Curves Split Leveland Values - Class C - Residential Split Level ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 Class C - Residential Split Level Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2 1.2 Background...... 9 -2.1 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0...... $0 $0 $0 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.4 Records $0...... $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 10 -1.2 $0 $0 $147 $118 $265 2.2 Historical-0.9 Floods ...... $0 $0 $175 $154 $329 ...... 0 11 -0.6 $0 $0 $192 $178 $371 2.3 Streamflow-0.3 Regulation $0...... $0 $209 $178 $387 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 and $117 Physiographic $245 Data $225...... $187 $774 -1 11 0.3 $183 $257 $302 $218 $960 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $212 and Stage $296-Discharge $302 Relationships $218...... $1,028 12 0.9 $240 $354 $302 $225 $1,121 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $245 ...... $354 $302 $227 $1,128 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.3 of High $363 Water Marks $587...... $302 $227 $1,478 ...... 13 1.5 $423 $587 $302 $227 $1,539 -3 2.8 Aerial1.8 Photographs $451...... $626 $302 $227 $1,606 ...... $0 $200 $400 $600 $80014 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 2.1 $475 $684 $302 $227 $1,687 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.4-Sections $480...... $684 $302 $227 $1,692 ...... 14 1 2.10distance Lake between and floorsMarine is variable Coasta in model,l Levels 2.7m...... illustrated ...... 15 2not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-7 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-8 - Class D - CDamage - Residential Curves Two-Storey and Values - Class C - Residential Two-Storey ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 Class C - Residential Two-Storey Depth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1 2 2 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $191 $207 $398 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $232 $322 $554 2 1.2 Background...... 9 -2.1 $0 $0 $257 $399 $656 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0...... $264 $399 $663 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $264 $428 $692 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $264 $442 $706 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $264 $442 $706 2.2 Historical-0.6 Floods ...... $0 $0 $287 $508 $794 ...... 0 11 -0.3 $0 $0 $346 $512 $858 2.3 Streamflow0 Regulation$0...... $0 $346 $532 $878 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 and $204 Physiographic $599 Data $346...... $532 $1,681 -1 11 0.3 $271 $619 $346 $532 $1,767 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $301 and Stage $744-Discharge $346 Relationships $532...... $1,923 12 0.9 $376 $897 $346 $532 $2,152 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $383 ...... $897 $346 $532 $2,158 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $384 Water Marks $897...... $346 $532 $2,159 ...... 13 1.8 $386 $897 $346 $532 $2,161 -3 2.8 Aerial2.1 Photographs $386...... $897 $346 $532 $2,161 ...... $0 $500 $1,000 14 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 2.4 $386 $897 $346 $532 $2,161 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.7-Sections $386...... $897 $346 $532 $2,161 ...... 14 1 2.10distance Lake between and floorsMarine is variable Coasta in model,l Levels 2.7m...... illustrated ...... 15 2not all structures have basements and it is a separate calculation in the model 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-8 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-9 - One D -Storey Damage Mobile Curves Home (No and Basement) Values - One Storey Mobile Home (No Basement) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 One Storey Mobile Home (No Basement) LISTDepth OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 2 relative to Main Floor Main Floor Basement Basement Total Damages per m 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents Structure...... Contents Structure Total 3 9 -2.7 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose-2.6...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 9 -2.4 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2 1.2 Background-2.1...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 9 2.0 DATA-1.8 ACQUISITION $0GUIDANCE $0...... $0 $0 $0 10 -1.5 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1 2.1 Streamflow-1.2 Records $0...... $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 10 -0.9 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2.2 Historical-0.6 Floods ...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 0 11 -0.3 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2.3 Streamflow0 Regulation$0...... $0 $0 $0 $0 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological0.1 and $243 Physiographic $362 Data ...... $0 $0 $605 -1 11 0.3 $379 $405 $0 $0 $785 2.5 Boundary0.6 Conditions $426 and Stage $405-Discharge $0 Relationships $0...... $831 12 0.9 $481 $470 $0 $0 $951 -2 2.6 Hydraulic1.2 Coefficients $483 ...... $470 $0 $0 $953 Depth Relative to Main FloorElevation (meters) 13 2.7 Elevations1.5 of High $483 Water Marks $470...... $0 $0 $953 ...... 13 1.8 $483 $470 $0 $0 $953 -3 2.8 Aerial2.1 Photographs $483...... $470 $0 $0 $953 ...... $0 $200 $400 14 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 2.4 $483 $470 $0 $0 $953 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross2.7-Sections $483...... $470 $0 $0 $953 ...... 14 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-9 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-10 - ApartmentD - Damage Building Curves with Four and Floors Values or Less- Apartment Building with Four Floors or Less ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7

FLOODApartment RISK MANAGEMENT Building with Four FRAMEWORK Floors or Less ...... 7 Depth 2 LISTrelative OF toABBREVIATIONS Main Floor Main AND Floor ACRONYMS ...... Total Damages8 per m 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents...... Structure Total 3 9 0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose0.1...... $260 $822 $1,082 ...... 9 0.3 $394 $914 $1,307 2.5 1.2 Background...... 9 0.6 $494 $1,105 $1,599 2.0 DATA0.9 ACQUISITION $565GUIDANCE $1,203...... $1,768 10 1.2 $571 $1,203 $1,774 2 2.1 Streamflow1.5 Records $571...... $1,203 $1,774 ...... 10 2.2 Historical1.8 Floods ...... $571 $1,203 $1,774 ...... 11 2.1 $571 $1,203 $1,774 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 1.5 ...... 11 2.4 $571 $1,203 $1,774 2.4 Meteorological2.7 and $571 Physiographic $1,203 Data ...... $1,774 11 2 2.5*Underground Boundary Conditions Parking damagesand Stage are-Discharge $215/m Relationships ...... 1 12 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13

2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 0.5 ...... 13 Depth Relative Relative Depth to Main Floor Elevation (meters) 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 14

2.9 Cross-Sections...... 0 ...... 14 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 $2,000 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 Damages ($/m2) 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-10 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents B-11 - Apartment D - Damage Building Curves with Five and Floors Values or More- Apartment Building with Five Floors or More ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7

FLOODApartment RISK MANAGEMENTBuilding with Five FloorsFRAMEWORK or More ...... 7 Depth 2 LISTrelative OF toABBREVIATIONS Main Floor Main AND Floor ACRONYMS ...... Total Damages8 per m 1.0main INTRODUCTION floor Contents...... Structure Total 3 9 0 $0 $0 $0 1.1 Purpose0.1...... $221 $449 $670 ...... 9 0.3 $384 $449 $833 2.5 1.2 Background...... 9 0.6 $435 $680 $1,115 2.0 DATA0.9 ACQUISITION $514GUIDANCE $792...... $1,306 10 1.2 $527 $937 $1,464 2 2.1 Streamflow1.5 Records $528...... $937 $1,466 ...... 10 2.2 Historical1.8 Floods ...... $528 $937 $1,466 ...... 11 2.1 $528 $937 $1,466 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 1.5 ...... 11 2.4 $538 $937 $1,475 2.4 Meteorological2.7 and $538 Physiographic $937 Data ...... $1,475 11 2 2.5*Underground Boundary Conditions Parking damagesand Stage are-Discharge $215/m Relationships ...... 1 12 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13

2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 0.5 ...... 13 Depth Relative Relative Depth to Main Floor Elevation (meters) 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 14

2.9 Cross-Sections...... 0 ...... 14 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels...... 15 Damages ($/m2) 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-11 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents E-1 - Non-Residential D - Damage Structure Curves and Values - Non-Residential Structure ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSS1...... S2 S3 S48 S5 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... Relative Office/ Industrial/ Hotel/ 9 2 High Rise Institution Total Damages per m Depth (m) Retail Warehouse Motel 1.1 Purpose...... 9 7 1.2 Background...... 0 $0...... $0 $0 $0 9 $0 2.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 0.1 $105 $16 $113 $79 $68 6 2.1 Streamflow Records...... 0.3 $127 $21...... $212 $79 10 $107 2.2 Historical Floods ...... 0.6 $132 $23...... $230 $105 11 $108 5 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 0.9 $135 $23...... $242 $116 11 $109 1.2 $138 $24 $254 $134 $110 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 1.5 $155 $30 $284 $134 $115 4 2.5 Boundary Conditions and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 1.8 $164 $31 $320 $134 $117 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13 2.7 $185 $38 $391 $134 $130 2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 13 3 3 $185 $42 $391 $134 $130 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 5 $185 $42...... $391 $134 14 $130 2.9 Cross-Sections...... 6 $185...... $42 $391 $134. 14 $130 2 2.10 Lake and Marine Coasta*Undergroundl Levels...... Parking damages are $215/m2 ...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15 1

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 Depthto Relative (meters) Elevation Floor Main 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 0 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400 $450 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 Damages ($/m2) 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-12 March 2017 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 Office/ Retail Industrial/ Warehouse Hotel/ Motel High Rise Institution 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

APPENDIX D - Damage Curves and Values - Non-Residential Structure TableExhibit of Contents E-2 - Non-Residential Structure S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 Relative Office/ Industrial/ Hotel/ 2 High Rise Institution Total Damages per m Depth (m) Retail Warehouse Motel CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 0.1 $105 $16 $113 $79 $68 6 0.3 $127 $21 $212 $79 $107 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9 0.6 $132 $23 $230 $105 $108 1.1 Purpose...... 9 5 0.9 $135 $23 $242 $116 $109 1.2 Background...... 9 1.2 $138 $24 $254 $134 $110 2.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 1.5 $155 $30 $284 $134 $115 4 2.1 Streamflow Records...... 10 1.8 $164 $31 $320 $134 $117 2.7 $185 $38 $391 $134 $130 2.2 Historical Floods ...... 11 3 3 $185 $42 $391 $134 $130 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 11 5 $185 $42 $391 $134 $130 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 6 $185 $42 $391 $134 $130 2.5 Boundary Conditions2 and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 *Underground Parking damages are $215/m2 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13 2.7 Elevations of High Water1 Marks...... 13

2.8 Aerial Photographs (meters) Elevation Floor to Main Relative Depth ...... 14 2.9 Cross-Sections...... 14 0 2.10 Lake and Marine Coasta$0l Levels...... $50 $100 $150 $200 $250...... $300 $350 15 $400 $450 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... Damages ($/m2) 15 3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of RegulatedOffice/ Retail Flows to NaturalIndustrial/ Conditions Warehouse and Vice Versa ...... Hotel/ Motel High 16Rise Institution 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyProvincial Analysis Flood...... Damage Assessment Study – 18 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT D-13 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 March 2017 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

TableExhibitAPPENDIX of Contents E-3 - Non-Residential D - Damage Contents Curves and Values - Non-Residential Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSA1 AND ACRONYMSB1 ...... C1 C2 C3 C48 C5 C6 C7 D1 E1 F1 G1 H1 I1 J1 K1 L1 M1 N1 N2 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9 Relative General Paper Hardware/ Furniture / Personal Warehouse/ 2 Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV Retail Misc Retail Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant Financial Theatres Institution Hospital Total Damages per m 1.1 PurposeDepth...... (m) Office ...... Products 9 Carpet Appliances Services industrial 3.5 1.2 Background...... 9 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 0.15 $121 $150 $200 $187 $352 $96 $142 $209 $182 $138 $148 $50 $46 $20 $72 $37 $121 $173 $0 $59 $72 2.1 Streamflow 0.3Records...... $127 $450 $600 $385...... $504 $183 10 $265 $408 $349 $198 $270 $350 $254 $39 $257 $74 $127 $433 $0 $119 $92 3 2.2 Historical Floods0.6...... $219 $900 $729...... $572 $689 $366 11 $427 $636 $512 $306 $410 $505 $462 $52 $434 $167 $219 $635 $68 $312 $182 2.3 Streamflow 0.9Regulation...... $380 $1,350 $984 $1,314...... $852 $557 11 $880 $844 $782 $345 $531 $610 $878 $65 $442 $260 $380 $1,011 $68 $446 $311 2.5 2.4 Meteorological1.2 and Physiographic $380 Data ...... $1,380 $1,100 $1,425 $1,139 $740 11 $943 $1,072 $919 $376 $616 $715 $982 $104 $452 $278 $380 $1,155 $68 $475 $341 2.5 Boundary Conditions1.5 and Stage $380-Discharge $1,425Relationships ...... $1,121 $1,705 $1,352 $810 12 $1,005 $1,252 $1,026 $408 $616 $820 $1,005 $131 $452 $408 $380 $1,184 $68 $475 $363 1.8 $380 $1,500 $1,159 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,068 $1,366 $1,103 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $687 $380 $1,242 $68 $475 $363 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13 2 2.1 $380 $1,500 $1,189 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,130 $1,366 $1,115 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $696 $380 $1,285 $68 $475 $363 2.7 Elevations of High Water Marks...... 13 2.4 $380 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,328 $68 $475 $363 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... 14 2.7 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,357 $344 $475 $363 1.5 2.9 Cross-Sections3...... $381 $1,500 $1,219...... $1,862 $1,467 $906. 14 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,386 $621 $475 $363 2.10*Underground Lake and Marine Coasta Parkingl Levels damages...... are $215/m2 ...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15 1

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16

3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 to Relative Depth Floor Main (meters) Elevation 0.5 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17

3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow RecordsProvincial...... Flood Damage Assessment Study – 17 0 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyTown Analysis of Whitecourt:...... Damage Estimates 18 EXHIBIT D-14 March 2017 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 $2,000 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 Damages ($/m2) 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 General Office Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 Paper Products Hardware/ Carpet Retail Misc Retail Furniture / Appliances 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 Personal Services Financial Warehouse/ industrial Theatres Institution 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 Hospital 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

APPENDIX D - Damage Curves and Values - Non-Residential Contents TableExhibit of Contents E-4 - Non-Residential Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 A1 B1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5LIST C6 OF ABBREVIATIONSC7A1 AND ACRONYMSD1B1 ...... E1C1F1 C2G1 C3H1 C48 I1 C5J1 C6K1 C7 L1D1 E1M1 F1N1G1 N2 H1 I1 J1 K1 L1 M1 N1 N2 Relative General Paper Hardware/1.0 INTRODUCTIONRelative General...... Furniture / Paper 9 Hardware/ Personal Warehouse/Furniture / Personal Warehouse/ 2 2 Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV Retail Misc Retail Medical GroceriesShoes ClothingDrugs Stereos/TVAuto Hotels Restaurant Retail MiscFinancial Retail GroceriesTheatres InstitutionDrugs HospitalAuto Hotels Restaurant Financial TotalTheatres Damages Institution per m Hospital Total Damages per m Depth (m) Office Products Carpet 1.1 PurposeDepth...... (m) Office Appliances ...... Products 9 Carpet Services Appliancesindustrial Services industrial 3.5 3.5 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $01.2 Background...... $00 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $09 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0.15 $121 $150 $200 $187 $352 $96 $1422.0 DATA ACQUISITION $2090.15GUIDANCE$182 $121...... $138 $150 $148 $200 $187 $50 $352 $46 10 $20 $96 $142 $72 $209 $37 $121 $182 $138 $173 $148 $0 $50 $59 $46 $72 $20 $72 $37 $121 $173 $0 $59 $72 3 3 0.3 $127 $450 $600 $385 $504 $183 $2652.1 Streamflow $408 0.3Records...... $349 $127 $198 $450 $270 $600 $350 $385...... $254 $504 $183$39 10 $257$265 $408 $74 $127 $349 $198 $433 $270 $0 $350 $119 $254 $92 $39 $257 $74 $127 $433 $0 $119 $92 0.6 $219 $900 $729 $572 $689 $366 $4272.2 Historical $636Floods0.6...... $512 $219 $306 $900 $410 $729...... $505 $572 $462 $689 $366$52 11 $434$427 $167$636$219 $512 $306 $635 $410 $68 $505 $312 $462 $182 $52 $434 $167 $219 $635 $68 $312 $182 0.9 $380 $1,350 $984 $1,314 $852 $557 $880 $8440.9 $782$380 $1,350 $345 $531 $984 $1,314 $610 $878 $852 $557 $65 $442$880 $260$844$380 $782 $1,011 $345 $531 $68 $610 $446 $878 $311 $65 $442 $260 $380 $1,011 $68 $446 $311 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 11 2.5 2.5 1.2 $380 $1,380 $1,100 $1,425 $1,139 $740 $943 $1,0721.2 $919$380 $1,380 $376 $1,100 $616 $1,425 $715 $1,139 $982 $104 $740 $452$943 $1,072 $278 $380 $919 $1,155 $376 $616 $68 $715 $475 $982 $341 $104 $452 $278 $380 $1,155 $68 $475 $341 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 1.5 $380 $1,425 $1,121 $1,705 $1,352 $810 $1,005 $1,2521.5 $1,026$380 $1,425 $408 $1,121 $616 $1,705 $820 $1,005 $1,352 $131 $810 $1,005 $452 $1,252 $408 $1,026$380 $1,184 $408 $616 $68 $820 $475 $1,005 $363 $131 $452 $408 $380 $1,184 $68 $475 $363 2.5 Boundary Conditions and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 1.8 $380 $1,500 $1,159 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,068 $1,3661.8 $1,103$380 $1,500 $439 $1,159 $616 $1,862 $897 $1,005 $1,467 $144 $906 $1,068 $452 $1,366 $687 $1,103$380 $1,242 $439 $616 $68 $897 $475 $1,005 $363 $1442 $452 $687 $380 $1,242 $68 $475 $363 2 2.1 $380 $1,500 $1,189 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,1302.6 Hydraulic $1,366 Coef2.1ficients ...... $1,115$380 $1,500 $439 $1,189 $616 $1,862 $897 $1,005 $1,467 $144 $906 13 $1,130 $452 $1,366 $696 $1,115$380 $1,285 $439 $616 $68 $897 $475 $1,005 $363 $144 $452 $696 $380 $1,285 $68 $475 $363 2.4 $380 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,2572.7 Elevations $1,366 of2.4 High Water$1,134 Marks$380 ...... $1,500 $439 $1,219 $616 $1,862 $897...... $1,005 $1,467 $144 $906 13 $1,257 $452 $1,366 $705 $1,134$380 $1,328 $439 $616 $68 $897 $475 $1,005 $363 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,328 $68 $475 $363 2.7 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,2572.8 Aerial Photographs $1,3662.7 ...... $1,134$381 $1,500 $439 $1,219 $616 $1,862 $897...... $1,005 $1,467 $144 $906 14 $1,257 $452 $1,366 $705 $1,134$380 $1,357 $439 $616 $344 $897 $475 $1,005 $363 $1441.5 $452 $705 $380 $1,357 $344 $475 $363 1.5 3 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,2572.9 Cross-S $1,366ections3...... $1,134$381 $1,500 $439 $1,219 $616...... $1,862 $897 $1,005 $1,467 $144 $906. 14 $1,257 $452 $1,366 $705 $1,134$380 $1,386 $439 $616 $621 $897 $475 $1,005 $363 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,386 $621 $475 $363 *Underground Parking damages are $215/m2 2.10*Underground Lake and Marine Coasta Parkingl Levels damages...... are $215/m2 ...... 15 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15 1 1

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 to Relative Depth Floor Main (meters) Elevation 0.5 to Relative Depth Floor Main (meters) Elevation 0.5 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – 0 0 3.1.4 Single Site Flood Frequency Analysis...... 18 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT D-15 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800$0 $200 $2,000 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 $2,000 3.1.4.1 Assessing RecordedMarch Data...... 2017 18 Damages ($/m2) Damages ($/m2) 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 General Office Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV General Office Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 Paper Products Hardware/ Carpet Retail Misc Retail Furniture / AppliancesPaper Products Hardware/ Carpet Retail Misc Retail Furniture / Appliances 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 Personal Services Financial Warehouse/ industrial Theatres Institution Personal Services Financial Warehouse/ industrial Theatres Institution 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 Hospital Hospital 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

APPENDIX D - Damage Curves and Values - Non-Residential Contents TableExhibit of Contents E-5 - Non-Residential Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 NOTICE ...... 6 CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 A1 B1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 D1 E1 F1 G1 H1LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSI1 ANDJ1 ACRONYMSK1A1...... L1B1 C1M1 C2N1 C38 N2 C4 C5 C6 C7 D1 E1 F1 G1 H1 I1 J1 K1 L1 M1 N1 N2 Relative General Paper Hardware/ Furniture / 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... PersonalRelative General Warehouse/ 9 Paper Hardware/ Furniture / 2 Personal Warehouse/ 2 Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV Retail Misc Retail Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant Financial Medical TheatresShoes InstitutionClothing Stereos/TVHospital Retail Misc Retail TotalGroceries DamagesDrugs per m Auto Hotels Restaurant Financial Theatres Institution Hospital Total Damages per m Depth (m) Office Products Carpet Appliances 1.1 Purpose...... DepthServices (m) Office industrial...... 9 Products Carpet Appliances Services industrial 3.5 3.5 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $01.2 Background $0...... $0 $00 $0...... $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 9 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0.15 $121 $150 $200 $187 $352 $96 $142 $209 $182 $138 $148 $50 $462.0 DATA $20 ACQUISITION $72GUIDANCE...... 0.15 $37 $121 $150 $173 $200 $0 $187 $59 10 $352 $72 $96 $142 $209 $182 $138 $148 $50 $46 $20 $72 $37 $121 $173 $0 $59 $72 3 3 0.3 $127 $450 $600 $385 $504 $183 $265 $408 $349 $198 $270 $350 $2542.1 Streamflow $39 Records...... $257 $740.3$127 $450 $433...... $600 $0 $385 $119 10 $504 $92 $183 $265 $408 $349 $198 $270 $350 $254 $39 $257 $74 $127 $433 $0 $119 $92 0.6 $219 $900 $729 $572 $689 $366 $427 $636 $512 $306 $410 $505 $4622.2 Historical $52 Floods ...... $434 $1670.6$219 $900 $635...... $729 $68 $572 $312 11 $689 $182 $366 $427 $636 $512 $306 $410 $505 $462 $52 $434 $167 $219 $635 $68 $312 $182 0.9 $380 $1,350 $984 $1,314 $852 $557 $880 $844 $782 $345 $531 $610 $878 $65 $442 $2600.9 $380 $1,350 $1,011 $984 $68 $1,314 $446 $852 $311 $557 $880 $844 $782 $345 $531 $610 $878 $65 $442 $260 $380 $1,011 $68 $446 $311 2.3 Streamflow Regulation...... 11 2.5 2.5 1.2 $380 $1,380 $1,100 $1,425 $1,139 $740 $943 $1,072 $919 $376 $616 $715 $982 $104 $452 $2781.2 $380 $1,380 $1,155 $1,100 $68 $1,425 $475 $1,139 $341 $740 $943 $1,072 $919 $376 $616 $715 $982 $104 $452 $278 $380 $1,155 $68 $475 $341 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11 1.5 $380 $1,425 $1,121 $1,705 $1,352 $810 $1,005 $1,252 $1,026 $408 $616 $820 $1,005 $131 $452 $4081.5 $380 $1,425 $1,184 $1,121 $68 $1,705 $475 $1,352 $363 $810 $1,005 $1,252 $1,026 $408 $616 $820 $1,005 $131 $452 $408 $380 $1,184 $68 $475 $363 2.5 Boundary Conditions and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 1.8 $380 $1,500 $1,159 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,068 $1,366 $1,103 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $6871.8 $380 $1,500 $1,242 $1,159 $68 $1,862 $475 $1,467 $363 $906 $1,0682 $1,366 $1,103 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $687 $380 $1,242 $68 $475 $363 2 2.1 $380 $1,500 $1,189 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,130 $1,366 $1,115 $439 $616 $897 $1,0052.6 Hydraulic $144 Coefficients $452 ...... $6962.1 $380 $1,500 $1,285 $1,189 $68 $1,862 $475 13 $1,467 $363 $906 $1,130 $1,366 $1,115 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $696 $380 $1,285 $68 $475 $363 2.4 $380 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,0052.7 Elevations $144 of High Water $452 Marks...... $7052.4 $380 $1,500 $1,328 $1,219...... $68 $1,862 $475 13 $1,467 $363 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,328 $68 $475 $363 2.7 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,0052.8 Aerial $144 Photographs ...... $452 $7052.7 $380$381 $1,500 $1,357...... $1,219 $344 $1,862 $475 14 $1,467 $363 $9061.5 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,357 $344 $475 $363 1.5 3 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,0052.9 Cross $144-Sections...... $452 $7053 $380$381 $1,500 $1,386...... $1,219 $621 $1,862 $475. 14 $1,467 $363 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,386 $621 $475 $363 2 2 *Underground Parking damages are $215/m 2.10 Lake and Marine Coastal Levels*Underground...... Parking damages are $215/m ...... 15 1 1 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15

3.1 Flood Estimates Based on Probability (Flood Frequency Analysis) ...... 16 3.1.1 Conversion of Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 to Relative Depth Floor Main (meters) Elevation 0.5 to Relative Depth Floor Main (meters) Elevation 0.5 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 0 0 Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – 3.1.4 Single Site Flood Frequency Analysis...... 18 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 $2,000 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $1,600 $1,800 $2,000 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT D-16 2 2 3.1.4.1 Assessing RecordedMarch Data...... 2017 18 Damages ($/m ) Damages ($/m ) 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 General Office Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV General Office Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 Paper Products Hardware/ Carpet Retail Misc Retail Furniture / Appliances Paper Products Hardware/ Carpet Retail Misc Retail Furniture / Appliances 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 Personal Services Financial Warehouse/ industrial Theatres Institution Personal Services Financial Warehouse/ industrial Theatres Institution 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 Hospital Hospital 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 Canadian Guidelines and Database of Flood Vulnerability Functions

APPENDIX D - Damage Curves and Values - Non-Residential Contents TableExhibit of Contents E-6 - Non-Residential Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 5 A1 B1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 D1 E1 F1 G1 H1 I1 J1 K1 L1 M1 N1 N2 NOTICE ...... 6 Relative General Paper Hardware/ Furniture / Personal Warehouse/ 2 Medical Shoes Clothing Stereos/TV Retail Misc Retail Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant Financial Theatres Institution Hospital Total Damages per m Depth (m) Office Products Carpet Appliances Services industrial CANADIAN FLOODPLAIN MAPPING GUIDELINES SERIES ...... 7 3.5 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 7 0.15 $121 $150 $200 $187 $352 $96 $142 $209 $182 $138 $148 $50 $46 $20 $72 $37 $121 $173 $0 $59 $72 0.3 $127 $450 $600 $385 $504 $183 $265 $408 $349 $198 $270 $350 $254 $39 $257 $74 $127 $433 $0 $119 $92LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS3 AND ACRONYMS ...... 8 0.6 $219 $900 $729 $572 $689 $366 $427 $636 $512 $306 $410 $505 $462 $52 $434 $167 $219 $635 $68 $312 $1821.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9 0.9 $380 $1,350 $984 $1,314 $852 $557 $880 $844 $782 $345 $531 $610 $878 $65 $442 $260 $380 $1,011 $68 $446 $311 2.5 1.2 $380 $1,380 $1,100 $1,425 $1,139 $740 $943 $1,072 $919 $376 $616 $715 $982 $104 $452 $278 $380 $1,155 $68 $475 $3411.1 Purpose...... 9 1.5 $380 $1,425 $1,121 $1,705 $1,352 $810 $1,005 $1,252 $1,026 $408 $616 $820 $1,005 $131 $452 $408 $380 $1,184 $68 $475 $363 1.2 Background...... 9 1.8 $380 $1,500 $1,159 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,068 $1,366 $1,103 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $687 $380 $1,242 $68 $475 $363 2 2.1 $380 $1,500 $1,189 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,130 $1,366 $1,115 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $696 $380 $1,285 $68 $475 $3632.0 DATA ACQUISITION GUIDANCE...... 10 2.4 $380 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,328 $68 $475 $363 2.1 Streamflow Records...... 10 2.7 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,357 $344 $475 $363 1.5 3 $381 $1,500 $1,219 $1,862 $1,467 $906 $1,257 $1,366 $1,134 $439 $616 $897 $1,005 $144 $452 $705 $380 $1,386 $621 $475 $3632.2 Historical Floods ...... 11 *Underground Parking damages are $215/m2 2.3 Streamflow Regulation1 ...... 11 2.4 Meteorological and Physiographic Data ...... 11

2.5 Boundary Conditions (meters) to Floor Elevation Main Relative Depth 0.5 and Stage-Discharge Relationships ...... 12 2.6 Hydraulic Coefficients ...... 13

2.7 Elevations of High 0Water Marks...... 13 2.8 Aerial Photographs ...... $0 $200 $400 $600 $800...... $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 14 $1,600 $1,800 $2,000 Damages ($/m2) 2.9 Cross-Sections...... 14 2.10 Lake and Marine CoastaGenerall Levels Office...... Medical Shoes ...... Clothing 15 Stereos/TV Paper Products Hardware/ Carpet Retail Misc Retail Furniture / Appliances 3.0 FLOOD MAGNITUDES...... 15 Groceries Drugs Auto Hotels Restaurant 3.1 Flood Estimates Based onPersonal Probability Services (Flood FrequencyFinancial Analysis) ...... Warehouse/ industrial Theatres 16 Institution 3.1.1 Conversion ofHospital Regulated Flows to Natural Conditions and Vice Versa ...... 16 3.1.2 Non-Stationary Record...... 17 3.1.3 Extension of Streamflow Records...... 17 3.1.4 Single Site Flood FrequencyProvincial Analysis Flood...... Damage Assessment Study – 18 Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT D-17 3.1.4.1 Assessing Recorded Data...... 18 March 2017 3.1.4.2 Frequency Analysis...... 18 3.1.4.3 Historical Floods...... 19 3.1.4.4 Broken Line Effect...... 19 3.1.4.5 Combined Probability Analysis...... 19 3.1.5 Regional Flood Frequency Analysis...... 20 3.1.5.1 Index Flood Method ...... 20 2 IBI GROUP REPORT PROVINCIAL FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT STUDY – TOWN OF WHITECOURT: DAMAGE ESTIMATES Prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks

Appendix E – Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping

March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:2 Year Flood

Flood Water Surface

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-1 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:5 Year Flood

Flood Water Surface

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-2 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:10 Year Flood

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Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-3 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:20 Year Flood

Flood Water Surface

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-4 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:50 Year Flood

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Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-5 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:100 Year Flood

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Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-6 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:200 Year Flood

Flood Water Surface

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-7 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:500 Year Flood

Flood Water Surface

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-8 March 2017 APPENDIX E - Whitecourt Flood Elevation Mapping - 1:1000 Year Flood

Flood Water Surface

Provincial Flood Damage Assessment Study – Town of Whitecourt: Damage Estimates EXHIBIT E-9 March 2017