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List of Abbreviations

acad academy- gov governor, governing act active ADL Anti-Defamation League govt government admin administrative, administration Heb Hebrew adv advisory HIAS Hebrew Sheltering and 5 Immigrant affil affiliated Aid Society agr agriculture hist historical, history agric agriculturist, agricultural hon honorary Am America, American hosp hospital amb ambassador HUC Hebrew apptd appointed Hung Hungarian assoc associate, association asst assistant incl including atty attorney ind independent au author inst institute instn institution b born instr instructor bd board internat international Bib Bible Ital Italian bibliog bibliography, bibliographer Bklyn Brooklyn JDA Joint Defense Appeal Bur Bureau JDC American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Can Canada TNF Jewish National Fund CCAR Central Conference of American JTS Jewish Theological Seminary of Rabbis America chmn chairman , jurisp jurisprudence CJFWF Council of Jewish Federations and JWB National Jewish Welfare Board Welfare Funds JWV Tewish War Veterans of America coll collector, collective, college lang language Colo Colorado leg legal, legislation com committee lit literature, literary comm commission commr commissioner mag magazine comp composer med medical cond conductor mem member conf conference metrop metropolitan cong congress, congregation mfr manufacture, manufacturer constr. construction, constructed mng managing contrib contributor mngr manager corr correspondent ms manuscript d died dem democrat nat national dept department NCCJ National Conference of Christians dir director and dist district NCRAC National Community Relations Ad- div division visory Council NRA National Recovery Administration econ economic, economist N.Y.C ed editor edit edited off. office, officer editl editorial org organized, organizers educ education orgn organization educl educational ORT Organization for Rehabilitation Eng English, England Through Training estab establish OWI Office of War Information exec executive Pal Palestine fd fund phar pharmacist, pharmaceutical fdn foundation phys physician fdr founder pres president fed federation prin principal for foreign prod producer, production, producing prof professor gen general pseud pseudonym Ger German pub publish, publication, publisher 515 516 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK rabb rabbinate, rabbinical UAHC Union of American Hebrew Con- reed received gregations rel religion UIA United Appeal reorg reorganize UJA UniteUnited Jewish Appeal rep representative UN United Nations ret retired univ university Rum Rumania UNRRA United Nations Relief and Rehabili- Rus3 Russian tation Administration UPA United Palestine Appeal sch school USO United Service Organizations, Inc. sci scientific sec secretary sect section vol volume sem seminary v.p vice president soc society Sp Spanish west western spec special, specialist subj subject WPA Works Progress Administration supt superintendent yrs years tchr teacher Yid Yiddish theol theological YMHA Young Men's Hebrew Association tr translator, translate YWHA Young Women's Hebrew Association trav travel, traveler Zion Zionist treas treasurer ZOA Zionist Organization of America National Jewish Organizations1

UNITED STATES

COMMUNITY RELATIONS, , WOMEN'S DIVISION OF (1933). POLITICAL Stephen Wise Congress House, 15 E. 84 St., N. Y. C, 28. Pres. Justine Wise AMERICAN COUNCIL FOR JUDAISM, INC. Polier; Dir. Mrs. Naomi Levine. Program (1943). 201 E. 57 St., N. Y. C, 22. Notes ar.d Leads; World Tourists' Hand- Pres. Lessing J. Rosenwald; Exec. Dir. book. Elmer Berger. Seeks to advance the uni- * AMERICAN JEWISH LEAGUE AGAINST versal principles of a Judaism free of COMMUNISM, INC. (1948). 220 W. 42 nationalism, and the national, civic, cul- St., N. Y. C, 18. tural, and social integration of Americans ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE OF B'NAI of Jewish faith. Council News. B'RITH (1913). 212 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE (1906). 10. Nat. Chm. Henry E. Schultz; Nat. 386 Fourth Ave., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. Dir. Benjamin R. Epstein. Seeks to elim- Irving M. Engel; Exec. V. P. John Slaw- inate defamation of Jews, counteract un- son. Seeks to prevent infraction of the American and anti-democratic propaganda, civil and religious rights of Jews in any and promote better group relations. ADL part of the world and to secure equality of Bulletin; ADL Christian Friends' Bulletin; economic, social, and educational oppor- Facts; "Freedom Pamphlets." tunity through education and civic action. ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH COMMUNITY RE- Seeks to broaden understanding of the LATIONS WORKERS (1950). 9 East 38 basic nature of prejudice and to improve St., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. S. Andhil Fine- techniques for combating it. Promotes a berg; Sec. Walter A. Lurie. Aims to en- philosophy of Jewish integration by pro- courage cooperation between Jewish com- jecting a balanced view with respect to munity relations workers and communal full participation in American life and re- workers; to encourage among Jewish com- tention of Jewish identity. AMERICAN munity relations workers the fullest pos- JEWISH YEAR BOOK; Commentary; Com- sible understanding of Jewish life and mittee Reporter; Report of Annual Meet- values. ing; "This Is Our Home." CONSULTATIVE COUNCIL OF JEWISH OR- (1917; re- GANIZATIONS (1946). 61 Broadway, org. 1922, 1938). Stephen Wise Congress N. Y. C, 6. Co-chmn. Irving M. Engel House, 15 E. 84 St., N. Y. C, 28. Pres. (American Jewish Committee), Ewen E. Israel Goldstein; Exec. Dir. David Pete- S. Montagu (Anglo-Jewish Association), gorsky. Seeks to protect the rights of Jews Rene Cassin (Alliance Israelite Univer- in all lands; to strengthen the bonds be- selle); V. Chmn. Marcel Franco; Sec.-Gen. tween American Jewry and Israel; to pro- Moses Moskowitz. Cooperates and consults mote the democratic organization of Jew- with, advises and renders assistance to, ish communal life in the United States; to United Nations Educational, Scientific and foster the affirmation of Jewish religious, Cultural Organization on all problems cultural, and historic identity, and to con- relating to human rights and economic, tribute to the preservation and extension social, cultural, educational, and related of the democratic way of life. Balance matters pertaining to Jews. Occasional Sheet on Group Relations (co. ed. Nat. monographs. Assoc. for Advancement of Colored Peo- COORDINATING BOARD OF JEWISH ORGAN- ples); Congress Record; Congress Weekly; IZATIONS (1947). 1003 K St., N.W., Judaism; Program Notes and heads. Washington 1, D. C. Co-chmn. Philip M. 518 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Klutznick (B'nai B'rith), Barnett Janner * , NATIONAL LADIES AUXILIARY (Board of Deputies of British Jews), (1928). 50 W. 77 St., N. Y. C. 24. Bernard Arthur Ettlinger (South African JOINT DEFENSE APPEAL OF THE AMERI- Jewish Board of Deputies); Sees. Gen. CAN JEWISH COMMITTEE AND ANTI- Maurice Bisgyer (U.S.), A. G. Brotman DEFAMATION LEAGUE OF B'NAI B'RITH (U.K.), J. M. Rich (S.A.). As an organ- (1941). 220 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. ization in consultative status with the Exec. Dir. Victor Larner. Raises funds for Economic and Social Council of the United the activities of the constituent organiza- Nations, represents the three constituents tions. Alert; National Council Briefs; New (B'nai B'rith, the Board of Deputies of York Campaign Briefs. British Jews and the South African Jew- NATIONAL COMMUNITY RELATIONS AD- ish Board of Deputies) in the appropriate VISORY COUNCIL (1944). 9 E. 38 St., United Nations bodies with respect to ad- N. Y. C, 16. Chmn. Bernard H. Trager; vancing and protecting the status, rights, Exec. Dir. Isaiah M. Minkoff. Aims: To and interests of Jews as well as related study, analyze and evaluate the policies matters bearing upon the human rights of and activities of the national and local all peoples. agencies; to ascertain the problem areas JEWISH LABOR BUND (18971. 25 E. 78 St., from time to time; to ascertain the areas N. Y. C, 21. Sec. Emanuel Nowogrudsky, of activities of these organizations and to Emanuel Scherer. Strives to enhance and conduct a continuous inventory of their develop Jewish nationhood without Jewish projects; to serve as a coordinating and statehood; believes in furthering secular clearance agency for projects and policies, Yiddish culture and the Yiddish language. to eliminate duplication and conflict of Unser Tsait; Bund Bulletin. activities, and to recommend further proj- ects to member agencies; to seek agree- (1933). Atran ment on and formulate policies. Legisla- Center for Jewish Culture, 25 E. 78 St., tive Information Bulletin. N. Y. C, 21. Nat. Chmn. Adolph Held; Exec. Sec, Jacob Pat. Aids Jewish and WORLD COORDINATING COMMITTEE OF BUNDIST AND AFFILIATED JEWISH SO- non-Jewish labor institutions overseas; aids CIALISTS, AMERICAN OFFICE (1897). victims of oppression and persecution; 25 E. 78 St., N. Y. C, 21. Sec. Emanuel seeks to combat anti-Semitism and racial Nowogrudsky, Emanuel Scherer. Coordi- and religious intolerance abroad and in nates activities of the Bund organizations the U.S. in cooperation with organized throughout the world and represents them labor and other groups. Facts and Opin- in the Socialist International. Unser Tsait ions; Labor Reports; Jewish Labor Out- (U.S.); Unser Stimme (); Faroys look. (Mexico); Unser Gedank (Argentina, , WOMEN'S DIVISION OF (1947). Australia); Lebens Fragn (Israel). Atran Center for Jewish Culture, 25 E. (1936; org. in 78 St., N. Y. C, 21. Nat. Chmn. Eleanor U.S. 1939). Stephen Wise Congress Schachner; Exec. Sec. Betty Kaye. Supports House, 15 E. 84 St., N. Y. C, 28. Pres. the general activities of the Jewish Labor ; Admin. Dir. Abraham Committee; maintains child welfare and S. Hyman. Seeks to secure and safeguard adoption program in Europe and Israel. the rights, status and interests of Jews and Newsletter. Jewish communities throughout the world; , WORKMEN'S CIRCLE DIVISION OF represents its affiliated organizations be- (1940). Atran Center for Jewish Culture, fore the United Nations, governmental, 25 E. 78 St., N. Y. C, 21. Chmn. S. Sil- inter-goyernmental, and other international verberg; Exec. Sec. Zelman J. Lichtenstein. authorities on matters which are of con- Promotes aims of and raises funds for the cern to the Jewish people as a whole; pro- Jewish Labor Committee among the Work- motes Jewish cultural activity and repre- men's Circle branches. Bulletin. sents Jewish cultural interests before JEWISH SOCIALIST VERBAND OF AMERICA UNESCO; organizes Jewish communal life (1921). 175 E. Broadway, N. Y. C, 2. in countries of recent settlement; prepares Chmn. Exec. Com. Max Gaft; Nat. Sec. and publishes surveys on contemporary I. Levin-Shatzkes. Promotes and propa- Jewish problems. Congress Digest; Cur- gandizes the ideals of social democracy rent Events in Jewish Life; Folk un Velt; among the Jewish working people. Der Information Series; Information Sheets; Wecker. Institute of Jewish Affairs Reports; Jewish Cultural Affairs; Periodical Reports. JBWISH WAR VETERANS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, INC. (1896). 1710 New Hampshire Ave., N.W., Washing- CULTURAL ton, D.C. Nat. Comdr. Harry T. Madison; Exec. Dir. Ben Kaufman. Patriotic; pub- ALEXANDER KOHUT MEMORIAL FOUNDA- lic relations; fraternal; educational. Jewish TION (1915). 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, Veteran. 27. Pres. Harry A. Wolfson; Sec. Shalom NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 519 Spiegel. Publishes works mainly in the St., N. Y. C, 21. Chmn. N. Chanin; fields of Talmudic lore, lexicography, and Exec. Sec. Chaim Pupko. Seeks to stimu- archeology. late, promote, and develop Jewish cultural AMERICAN ACADEMY FOR JEWISH RE- life. Zukunft. SEARCH, INC. (1920). 3080 Broadway, COL. DAVID MARCUS MEMORIAL FOUNDA- N. Y. C, 27. Pres. ; Sec. TION, INC. (1948). 19 E. 70 St., N. Y. C, A. S. Halkin. Encourages research by aid- 21. Pres. Arthur H. Schwartz; Sec. Mrs. ing scholars in need and by giving grams Emma Marcus. Dignifies and properly rec- for the publication of scholarly works. ognizes only worthwhile projects formed Proceedings. in memory of David Marcus. AMBRICAN ASSOCIATION OF ENGLISH JBW- CONFERENCE OF JEWISH RELATIONS, INC. ISH NEWSPAPERS (1943). P.O. Box (1935). 1841 Broadway, N. Y. C, 23. 2973, Miami, Fla. Pres. Fred K. Shochet; Pres. Salo W. Baron; Sec. Bernard H. Rec. Sec. Adolph Rosenberg. Seeks to raise Goldstein. Engages in and supervises sci- and maintain the standards of professional entific studies and factual research with Jewish journalism and to create instru- respect to sociological problems involving ments of information for American Jewry; contemporary Jewish life. Jewish Social maintains news service. American . Press. CONGRESS FOR JEWISH CULTURE, INC. AMERICAN BIBLICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA SO- (1948). 25 E. 78 St., N. Y. C, 21. CIETY, INC. TORAH SHELEMAH (1939). Chmn. World Council S. Niger; Exec. 114 Liberty St., N. Y. C, 6. Pres. Louis Sec. H. B. Bass. Seeks to centralize and Goldstein; Sec. William Mazer. Aims to promote Jewish culture and cultural ac- spread knowledge of the Bible through tivities throughout the world and to unify publication of the Talmudic-Midrashic fund raising for these activities. Bletter Biblical Encyclopedia. far Yiddisher Dertsiung; Bulletin fun AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY Kultur Kongres; Zukunft. (1892). 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. * DAVID IGNATOFF LITERATURE FOUNDA- Pres. Salo W. Baron; Librarian, Ed. Isi- TION, INC. (1946). c/o Congress for dore S. Meyer. Collects and publishes ma- Jewish Culture, 25 E. 78 St., N. Y. C, terial on the history of the Jews in Amer- 19. ica. Publications of the American Jewish HlSTADRUTH IVRITH OF AMERICA (1916; Historical Society; Studies in American re-org. 1922). 165 W. 46 St., N. Y. C, Jewish History; American Jewish Com- 36. Pres. Samuel M. Blumenfield, Sam- munity History Series. uel K. Mirsky, Morris B. Newman; Exec. AK3RICAN JEWISH INSTITUTE, INC. (1947). Sec. Zahava D. Shen. Seeks to promote 103 Park Ave., N. Y. C, 17. Pres. Ber- and literature in the nard G. Richards; Hon. Sec. Herman W. United States and to strengthen the cul- Bernstein. Seeks the advancement of Jew- tural relations between the United States ish knowledge and culture through the and Israel. Hadoar; Hadoar Lanoar; Ma- dissemination of data on Jews and Juda- bua; Musaf Lakore Hatzair; Shvilei Ha- ism, publication of essential literature, chinuch; Ogen publications. speakers and library services, etc. Current , HEBREW ARTS FOUNDATION Jewish Thought. (1939), 165 W. 46 St., N. Y. C, 36. , JEWISH INFORMATION BUREAU Chmn. Wolfe Kelman; Exec. Sec. Miss (1932). 103 Park Ave., N. Y. C, 17. Tiby Fradin. Spreads knowledge and seeks Chmn. Bernard G. Richards; Hon. Sec. to gain appreciation of the Hebrew lan- Herman W. Bernstein. Serves as clearing guage and Hebrew arts in the American house of information on Jewish subjects. Jewish community. The Index. JBWISH ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, AMERICAN JEWISH TERCENTENARY COM- INC. (1927). 46 W. 83 St., N. Y. C, MITTEE (1952). 3 E. 65 St., N. Y. C, 24. Pres. Leo Jung; Sec. Abraham Bur- 21. Chmn. Ralph E. Samuel; Exec. Dir. stein. Honors Jews distinguished in the David Bernstein. Seeks to organize cele- arts and professions; encourages and pub- brations in 1954-55 of the 300th anni- lishes Jewish achievement in scholarship versary of Jewish settlement in the United and the arts. Bulletin. States. Monthly Newsletter "300." JEWISH BOOK COUNCIL OF AMERICA AMERICAN MEMORIAL TO SIX MILLION (1940) (sponsored by National Jewish JEWS OF EUROPE, INC. (1947). 165 W. Welfare Board). 145 E. 32 St., N. Y. C, 46 St., N. Y. C, 36. Chmn. Exec. Com. 16. Pres. Ely E. Pilchik; Exec. Sec. Philip William F. Rosenblum; Exec. V. P., A. R. Goodman. Seeks to spread knowledge of Lerner. Seeks to erect a memorial in New Jewish books. In Jewish Bookland; Jew- York City to six million Jews slain by the ish Book Annual. Nazis and to the heroes of the Warsaw JEWISH LIBRARIANS ASSOCIATION (1946). Ghetto battle. 40 W. 68 St., N. Y. C, 23. Pres. I. Ed- CENTRAL YIDDISH CULTURE ORGANIZA- ward Kiev; Corr. Sec. Harry J. Alderman. TION (CYCO), INC. (1938). 25 E. 78 Advances the interests of Jewish libraries 520 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK and the professional status of Jewish li- ulation research through publications and brarians; promotes publications of Jewish other media. bibliographical interest. UNITED FUND FOR JEWISH CULTURE • JEWISH LITHUANIAN CULTURAL SOCIETY (1950). 25 E. 78 St., N. Y. C, 21. "LITE," INC. (1945). 485 Ocean Ave., Chmn. B. Tabachinsky; Exec. Sec. H. Brooklyn 26, N. Y. Bass. Centralizes fund raising of the con- JEWISH MUSEUM (1947) (under the aus- stituent organizations (Congress for Jew- pices of The Jewish Theological Seminary ish Culture, Yiddish Encyclopedia, CYCO, of America), 1109 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, and Zukunft), which are devoted mainly 28. Curator and director of exhibits Ste- to the promotion of Yiddish culture, edu- phen S. Kayser. Displays Jewish art treas- cation, and literature. ures and temporary exhibits of Jewish art- WORLD BUREAU FOR JEWISH EDUCATION ists; conducts educational activities in con- OF THE CONGRESS FOR JEWISH CULTURE nection with exhibits. (1948). 25 E. 78 St., N. Y. C, 21. Sec- JEWISH MUSIC FORUM—SOCIETY FOR THE retariat H. B. Bass and L. Spizman. Pro- ADVANCEMENT OF' JEWISH MUSICAL motes and coordinates the work of the CULTURE (1939). 39-40 Greenpoint Yiddish and Hebrew-Yiddish schools in Ave., Long Island City 4, N. Y. Pres. the United States and abroad. Bletter far Reuven Kosakoff; Sec. Leah M. Jaffa. Pre- Yiddisher Dertsiung; Bulletin fun Velt- sents, evaluates, promotes, and advances senter far der Yiddisher Shul. Jewish music; gives young composers and YIDDISH SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTE — YIVO performers the opportunity of being heard. (1925). 535 W. 123 St., N. Y. C, 27. JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMER- Chmn. Bd. of Dir. Louis H. Sobel; Exec. ICA (1888). 222 N. 15 St., Philadelphia Sec. Mark Uveeler. Engages in Jewish 2, Pa. Pres. Edwin Wolf; Exec. Sec. Lesser social research; collects and preserves doc- Zussman. Publishes and disseminates books umentary and archival material pertaining of Jewish interest on history, religion, and to Jewish life, and publishes the results literature for the purpose of preserving of its finding in books and periodicals. the Jewish heritage and culture. AMER- Yedies fun YIVO—News of the YIVO; ICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK; Annual Cata- Yidishe Shprakh; YIVO Annual of Jewish logue; IPS Bookmark. Social Science; YIVO Bleter. Louis LAMED LITERARY FOUNDATION FOR YIDDISHER KULTUR FARBAND — YKUF THE ADVANCEMENT OF HEBREW AND (1937). 189 Second Ave., N. Y. C, 3. YIDDISH LITERATURE (1939). 6405 Pres. Kalman Marmor; Gen. Sec. Zion Michigan Ave., Detroit 10, Mich. Fdr. Weinper. Advances Jewish culture through Louis LaMed; Pres. S. Niger (Charney). publishing books of contemporary and Seeks to bring about cooperation between classical Jewish writers, conducting cul- Yiddish and Hebrew writers and readers. tural forums, and exhibiting works of MENORAH ASSOCIATION, INC. (1929). 20 contemporary Jewish artists. Yiddishe E. 69 St., N. Y. C, 21. Chanc. Henry Kultur. Hurwitz; Sec. Harry Starr. Seeks to ad- vance Jewish culture and ideals. Menorah OVERSEAS AID Journal. NATIONAL HAYM SALOMON MEMORIAL AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR RELIEF OF COMMITTEE, INC. (1950). 140 W. 42 YEMENITE JEWS (1939). 1133 Broad- St., N. Y. C, 17. Exec. Dir. Gabriel A. way, N. Y. C, 10. Chmn. Jerry Benward; Wechsler. Carries out provisions of Joint Sec. Celia Gluska. Provides funds for Resolution of 74th Congress authorizing health services, educational and cultural construction of memorial in Washington, activities of Yemenite Jews in Israel. D. C, to Haym Salomon; educates public AMERICAN COMMITTEE OF OSE, INC. to contributions of American Jewry. (1940). 24 W. 40 St., N. Y. C, 18. NATIONAL JEWISH MUSIC COUNCIL (1944) Chmn. Bd. of Dir. Israel S. Wechsler; (sponsored by National Tewish Welfare Exec. Dir. Leon Wulman. Aims to im- Board). 145 E. 32 St., N. Y. C, 16. prove the health of the Jewish people by Chmn. Emanuel Green; Exec. Sec. Leah means of health education and populariza- M. Jaffa. Promotes Jewish music activi- tion of hygiene; and by implementation of ties nationally and encourages participa- medical and public health programs tion on a community basis. Jewish Music among Jews, with particular emphasis on Notes. children, youth, and migrants. American OFFICE FOR JEWISH POPULATION RE- OSE Review; OSE News. SEARCH (1949). 386 Fourth Ave., N. Y. AMERICAN FRIENDS OF THE ALLIANCE IS- C, 16. Pres. Salo W. Baron; Sec.-Treas. RAELITE UNIVERSELLE, INC. (1946). 61 Morris Fine. Aims to gather population Broadway, N. Y. C, 6. Pres. Marcel and other statistical data on the Jews of Franco; Exec. Dir. Saadiah Cherniak. U.S.; to provide such data to Jewish Serves as liaison between Jews in America agencies and the general public and to and the Alliance Israelite Universelle. stimulate national interest in Jewish pop- Alliance Review; Revista de la Alliance. NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 521

AMERICAN JEWISH JOINT DISTRIBUTION DOMINICAN REPUBLIC SETTLEMENT AS- COMMITTEE, INC.-JDC (1914). 270 SOCIATION, INC. (1939). 270 Madison Madison Ave., N. Y. C, 16. Chmn. Ed- Ave., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. Maurice B. ward M. M. Warburg; Exec. Vice-Chmn. Hexter; Sec.-Treas. Bernhard Kahn. Aids and Sec. Moses A. Leavitt. Organizes and settlement of Jewish and non-Jewish refu- administers programs and distributes funds gees. for relief and rehabilitation in behalf of FREELAND LEAGUE (1937; in U.S. 1941). Jews overseas. JDC Annual Report; JDC 310 W. 86 St., N. Y. C, 24. Gen. Sec. Digest. I. N. Steinberg. Plans large-scale colon- AMERICAN ORT FEDERATION, INC.— ization in some unoccupied territory for ORGANIZATION FOR REHABILITATION those who seek a home and cannot or will THROUGH TRAINING (1924). 212 Fifth not go to Israel. Freeland; Oifn Shvel. Ave., N. Y. C, 10. Pres. William Haber; HIAS—HEBREW SHELTERING AND IMMI- Exec. Sec. Paul Bernick. Trains Jewish GRANT AID SOCIETY (1884). See UNITED men and women in the technical trades HIAS SERVICE. and agriculture; organizes and maintains JEWISH CULTURAL RECONSTRUCTION, INC vocational training schools throughout the (1947). 1841 Broadway, N. Y. C, 23. world. ORT Bulletin. Pres. Salo W. Baron; Sec. Hannah Arendt. • , AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN Takes title to heirless and unidentifiable FRIENDS OF ORT (1941). 318 W. 57 Jewish cultural properties in , St., N. Y. C, 19. Pres. A. C. Litton. Pro- and distributes them to Jewish institutions motes the ORT idea among Americans of throughout the world. European extraction; supports the ORT JEWISH RESTITUTION SUCCESSOR ORGANI- Trade School. ZATION (1947). 270 Madison Ave., , AMERICAN LABOR ORT (1937). N. Y. C, 16. Pres. Monroe Goldwater; 212 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 10. Chmn. Exec. Sec. Saul Kagan. Acts to discover, Adolph Held; Exec. Sec. Samuel Milman. claim, receive, and assist in the recovery of Promotes ORT idea among labor unions, Jewish heirless or unclaimed property; to AFL, CIO, and the Workmen's Circle. utilize such assets or to provide for their -.NATIONAL ORT LEAGUE (1941). utilization for the relief, rehabilitation, 212 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 10. Chmn. Her- and resettlement of surviving victims of man Hoffman; Exec. Dir. Chaim Wein- Nazi persecution. traub. Promotes ORT idea among Jewish TOMCHE TORAH SOCIETY, INC. (1927). fraternal landsmannschaften, national and 303 W. 91 St., N. Y. C, 24. Pres. Isi- local organizations, congregations; helps dore Grossman; Exec. Sec. A. Feldman. to equip ORT installations and Jewish Supports religious high schools in Israel. artisans abroad, especially in Israel. UNITED JEWISH APPEAL, INC. (1939). 165 • , WOMEN'S AMERICAN ORT W. 46 St., N. Y. C, 36. Gen. Chmn. Ed- (1922). 212 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 10. ward M. M. Warburg; Exec. V. Chmn. Nat. Pres. Mrs. Ludwig Kaphan; Exec. Joseph J. Schwartz. National fund-raising Dir. Nathan Gould. Promotes and sup- instrument for American Jewish Joint ports ORT program. Highlights; Wom- Distribution Committee, United Israel Ap- en's American ORT News. peal, United Service for New Americans, , YOUNG MEN'S AND WOMEN'S and New York Association for New ORT (1937). 212 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, Americans. Report to Members. 10. Pres. Nathaniel Roven; Treas. Frieda VAAD HATZALA REHABILITATION COM- Sandier. Promotes the work of ORT and MITTEE, INC. (1939). 132 Nassau St., disseminates knowledge of its program. N. Y. C, 38. Pres. Eliezer Silver; Exec. A.R.I.F.—ASSOCIATION POUR LA RECON- Sec. Jacob Karlinsky. Sends food parcels STRUCTION DES INSTITUTIONS ET OEUV- and scrip to Israel; supplies religious RES ISRAELITES EN FRANCE (1943). books to yeshivot, kibbutzim, and rabbis 119 E. 95 St., N. Y. C, 28. Pres. Rene in Israel and . B. Sacerdote; Sec. Simon Langer. Helps Jewish social, religious, and cultural insti- tutions in France. RELIGIOUS, EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE ON JEWISH MATERIAL CLAIMS AGAINST GERMANY, INC. AGUDAS ISRAEL WORLD ORGANIZATION (1951). 270 Madison Ave., N. Y. C, 16. (1912). 2521 Broadway, N. Y. C, 25. Pres. Nahum Goldmann; Sec. Saul Kagan. Chmn. Exec. Com. American Section Isaac Receives funds from the Government of Lewin; Sec. Salomon Goldsmith. Inter- the German Federal Republic under the national organization representing the in- terms of the agreement between the Con- terests of Orthodox Jews. ference and the Federal Republic, and uti- , RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR POST- lizes these funds for the relief, rehabilita- WAR PROBLEMS OF RELIGIOUS JEWRY tion, and resettlement of needy victims of (1941). 2521 Broadway, N. Y. C, 25. Nazi persecution residing outside of Israel Chmn. Bd. of Dir. Salomon Goldsmith; on the basis of urgency of need. Sec. M. Levine. Engages in research and 522 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK publishes studies concerning the situation Eichhorn; Sec. Samson M. Goldstein. Seeks of religious Jewry and its problems all to promote fellowship among and advance over the world. the common interests of all chaplains in AGUDATH ISRAEL OF AMERICA, INC. and out of the service. Jewish Chaplain. (1912). 5 Beekman St., N. Y. C, 38. B'NAI B'RITH HlLLEL FOUNDATIONS, INC. Admin. Pres. Michael G. Tress; Exec. V.P. (1923). 165 W. 46 St., N. Y. C, 36. Morris Sherer. Seeks to organize religious Chmn. Nat. Hillel Comm. Abram L. Jewry in the Orthodox spirit, and in that Sachar; Nat. Dir. Arthur J. Lelyveld. Pro- spirit to solve all problems facing Jewry vides cultural, religious, and counseling in Israel and the world over. Jewish Opin- service to Jewish students in colleges and ion—Dos Yiddishe Vorp. universities in the United States, Canada, , CHILDREN'S DIVISION—PIRCHEI England, and Israel. Clearing House; Hil- AGUDATH ISRAEL (1925). 5 Beekman lel Newsletter. St., N. Y. C, 38. Chmn. Fishel Soch- B'NAI B'RJTH YOUTH ORGANIZATION aschewsky; Admin. Joshua Silbermintz. (1944). 1761 R St., N. W., Washington Educates Orthodox Jewish children ac- 9, D. C. Chmn. Jacob J. Lieberman; Nat. cording to the traditional Jewish way. Dir. Max F. Baer. Strives to create in Darkeinu; Inter Talmud Torah Boys; young people a synthesis of the best in Leaders Guide. the Jewish and American heritage through -, GIRLS' DIVISION-BNOS AGUDATH a program of cultural, religious, interfaith, ISRAEL. 5 Beekman St., N. Y. C, 38. community service, social, and athletic ac- Pres. Miriam Wechsler. Aims to lead Jew- tivities. Shofar; Advising Jewish Youth ish youth to the realization of the historic Groups. nature of the Jewish people as the people BRANDEIS YOUTH FOUNDATION, INC. of the Torah; to strengthen their devotion (1941). P. O. Box 1401, Beverly Hills, to and understanding of the Torah; and to Calif. Pres. Abraham Goodman; Sec. and train them to help solve all the problems Exec. Dir. Shlomo Bardin. Maintains of the Jewish people in Israel in the summer camp institute to carry out its spirit of the Torah. Kol Bnos. program of instilling an appreciation of WOMEN'S DIVISION — N'SHEI Jewish cultural heritage and to create a AGUDATH ISRAEL (1941). 5 Beekman desire for active leadership in the Amer- St., N. Y. C, 38. Pres. Mrs. E. Knobel. ican Jewish community; also conducts a Assists refugee children in Israel; performs year-round institute that offers postgrad- social and cultural work in Israel and the uate training in specialized fields of Jewish United States. culture and serves as a laboratory for de- -, YOUTH DIVISION-ZEIREI AGUDATH veloping patterns for Jewish life in Amer- ISRAEL (1921). 5 Beekman St., N. Y. C, ica. Brandeit Bulletin. 38. Pres. M. I. Friedman; Exec. Dir. B. CANTORS ASSEMBLY OF AMERICA (1947). Borchardt. Aims to lead Jewish youth to 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. the realization of the historic nature of Charles Sudock; Exec. V. P. David J. the Jewish people as the people of the Putterman. Seeks to elevate the general Torah; to strengthen their devotion to status and standards of the cantorial pro- and understanding of the Torah; and to fession. Annual Convention Proceedings; train them to help solve all the problems Cantors Voice. of the Jewish people in Israel in the spirit CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN of the Torah. Agudab Youth; Leaders RABBIS (1889). 40 W. 68 St., N. Y. C, Guide. 23. Pres. Barnett R. Brickner; Exec. V.P. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR JEWISH ED- Sidney L. Regner. Seeks to conserve and UCATION (1939). 1776 Broadway, N. Y. promote Liberal Judaism and learning. C, 19. Pres. Harry Starr; Exec. Dir. Conference Journal; Yearbook. Judah Pilch. Coordinates, guides, and serv- COLLEGE OF JEWISH STUDIES (1924). 72 ices Jewish education through a commu- E. 11 St., 5, 111. Pres. Samuel nity program. Adult Jewish Leadership; M. Blumenfield; Registrar Louis Katzoff. Audio-Visual Review; Jewish Education Offers courses in history, language, litera- Newsletter; Pedogogic Reporter; Program- ture, and religion of the Jews; provides in Action; Trends and Developments. professional training for Hebrew school AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF CERTIFIED teachers, Sunday School teachers, cantors, CANTORS (1953). 40 W. 68 St., N. Y. and Jewish club and group workers. Alon; C, 23. Pres. Walter A. Davidson; Exec. Annual; Register. Sec. Wolf Hecker. Devotes itself to the COMMISSION ON STATUS OF JEWISH WAR highest ideals of the cantorate, enhancing ORPHANS IN EUROPE, AMERICAN SEC- status and security of individual cantors. TION (1945). 120 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, American Conference of Certified Cantors 36. Pres. and Hon. Sec. Moses Schonfeld; Bulletin. Treas. Arthur I. LeVine. Seeks to restore ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH CHAPLAINS OF Jewish orphans to their former families THE ARMED FORCES (1946). 145 E. and to the Jewish faith and environment. 32 St., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. David Max Status of Jewish War Orphans in Europe. NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 523

DROPSIB COLLEGE FOR HEBREW AND HEBREW UNION COLLEGE—JEWISH INSTI- COGNATE LEARNING (1907). Broad and TUTE OF RELIGION of Cincinnati and York Sts., Philadelphia 32, Pa. Pres. Ab- New York (1875, 1922; merged 1950). raham A. Neuman; Exec. V.P. Samuel B. Clifton Ave., Cincinnati 20, Ohio, and Finkel. A nonsectarian institution under 40 W. 68 St., N. Y. C, 23. Pres. Nelson Jewish auspices; trains scholars in higher Glueck; Asst. to Pres. Richard N. Blue- Jewish and Semitic learning; offers only stein. Prepares students for rabbinate, can- postgraduate degrees. Jewish Quarterly torate, religious school teaching, commu- Review. nity service; promotes Jewish studies; as- , ALUMNI ASSOCIATION (1925). sembles, classifies, and preserves Jewish Broad and York Sts., Philadelphia 32, Pa. Americana. HUC—J1R Bulletin; Hebrew Pres. Frank Zimmermann; Sec.-Treas. Union College Annual. Joseph Reider. Fosters the interests of , ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OF THB Dropsie College. Newsletter. (1884; merged 1949). 11 Eton St., FEDERATION OF JEWISH STUDENT ORGAN- Springfield 8, Mass. Pres. Jacob P. Rudin; IZATIONS (1937). 3010 Broadway, N. Y. Sec.-Treas. Herman E. Snyder. Aims to C, 27. Pres. Rena Feuerstein; Sec. Nor- promote the welfare of Judaism, of the man Wilner. Advances knowledge and ap- Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of preciation of Judaism among students at Religion, and of its graduates. Annual American colleges and universities; en- Report. courages student participation in Jewish -, HEBREW UNION SCHOOL OF EDU- life; promotes the advancement of a non- CATION AND SACRED MUSIC (1947). 40 partisan Jewish student movement. W. 68 St., N. Y. C, 23. Dean Abraham * HAICHEL HATORAH (1945). 298 How- N. Franzblau, Exec. Off. Wolf Hecker. ard Ave., Brooklyn 33, N. Y. Trains cantor-educators for all congrega- HEBREW TEACHERS COLLEGE (1921). 43 tions, Orthodox, Conservative and Re- Hawes St., Brookline 46, Mass. Pres. Ben- form; trains musical personnel for all con- jamin A. Trustman; Sec. Manuel K. Ber- gregations; trains principals and teachers man. Offers higher Jewish learning; trains for Reform religious schools. Hebrew teachers and community workers. * IRGUN BETH RIVKAH SCHOOLS FOR Bulletin; Eyal. GIRLS (1940). 558 Riverdale Ave., HEBREW TEACHERS FEDERATION OF AMER- Bklyn. 7, N. Y. ICA (1944). 165 W. 46 St., N. Y. C, JEWISH CHAUTAUQUA SOCIETY, INC. 36. Pres. Shemeon Pollack; Exec. Dir. (1893). 838 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 21. Zevi Glatstein. Aims to improve the pro- Pres. Harold W. Dubinsky; Exec. Dir. fessional status of Hebrew teachers in the Sylvan Lebow. (Sponsored by National United States, to intensify the study of Federation of Temple Brotherhoods.) Dis- Hebrew language and literature in Jewish seminates authoritative knowledge about schools, and to organize Hebrew teachers Jews and Judaism to universities and col- nationally in affiliated groups and associa- leges in the U. S. and Canada and to tions. Christian church summer camps and insti- HEBREW TEACHERS UNION (1911). Ill tutes. American Judaism. Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 3. Pres. Kalman JEWISH MINISTERS CANTORS ASSOCIATION Bachrach; Exec. Dir. Eliahu Zuta. Pro- OF AMERICA, INC. (1898). 236 Second motes the welfare and professional stand- Ave., N. Y. C, 3. Pres. Murray Erstling; ards of Hebrew teachers. Sheviley Hachi- Sec. H. Marchbein. Administers institute nuch. for cantors, home for aged cantors, library; HEBREW THEOLOGICAL COLLEGE (1922). sponsors lectures. Cantors Bulletin. 3448 Douglas Blvd., Chicago, 23, 111. JEWISH RECONSTRUCTIONS FOUNDATION, Pres. Oscar Z. Fasman; Admin. Officer INC. (1940). 15 W. 86 St., N. Y. C, Melvin Goodman. Offers studies in higher 24. Pres. Maurice Linder; Exec. Dir. Her- Jewish learning along traditional lines; bert Parzen. Dedicated to the advance- trains rabbis, teachers, and religious func- ment of Judaism as a religious civilization, tionaries. Journal; Scribe. to the upbuilding of Eretz Yisrael, and , TEACHERS' INSTITUTE OF (1927). to the reconstruction of Jewish life every- 3448 Douglas Blvd., Chicago 23, 111. Pres. where. The Reconstructionist. Oscar Z. Fasman; Dean Joseph Babad. JEWISH SABBATH ALLIANCE OF AMERICA, Trains teachers for Hebrew schools; offers INC. (1905). 302 E. 14 St., N. Y. C, 3. traditional Jewish education. Catalogue. Exec. Sec. William Rosenberg. Promotes • , WOMEN (1949). 3448 the observance of the Seventh Day Sab- Douglas Blvd., Chicago 23, 111. Pres. Mrs. bath and seeks to protect such observers. Morton L. Fink; Treas. Mrs. Samuel Kap- JEWISH TEACHERS' SEMINARY AND PEO- lan. Sponsors scholarship and welfare PLE'S UNIVERSITY (1918). 154 E. 70 funds for students of Hebrew Theological St., N. Y. C, 21. Pres. M. L. Brown; Dir. College; clearing house for traditional syn- and Dean Philip Friedman. Trains men agogue sisterhoods. Yeshiva Women Bul- and women in the light of scientific knowledge and historical Jewish ideals 524 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK for the Jewish teaching profession, re- Teachers Board of License. Yeshiva search, and community service. Jewish Teacher. Review; Seminar Yedioth; Seminarist. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE (1896). JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY OF AMER- Farm School Post Office, Bucks County, ICA (1886; re-org. 1902). 3080 Broad- Pa. Pres. James Work; Sec. Elsie M. Bel- way, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Louis Finkelstein; field. Trains young people to become sci- Chmn. Bd. of Dir. Alan M. Stroock. entific and practical agriculturists. Bulle- Maintains a theological seminary for the tins; Catalogue. perpetuation of the tenets of the Jewish , ALUMNI ASSOCIATION (1900). religion, the cultivation of Hebrew litera- Farm School Post Office, Bucks County, ture, the pursuit of biblical and archaeo- Pa. Pres. Sidney Brunwasser; Sec.-Treas. logical research, the advancement of Jew- David Segal. Furthers the interests of the ish scholarship, the maintenance of a li- college and agriculture. Gleanings. brary, and the training of rabbis and NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HEBREW DAY teachers of religion. Seminary Progress; SCHOOL PARENT-TEACHER ASSOCIATIONS Seminary Register; You and Judaism. (1948). 5 Beekman St., N. Y. C, 38. , ETERNAL LIGHT (1944). 3080 Pres. Leon Rubenstein; Nat. Consultant Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Ed. Ben Zion Joseph Kaminetsky. Organizes PTA Bokser. Presents weekly national broad- groups in all-day-school communities; casts of programs of Jewish and general serves as clearing house for PTA programs religious interest; produces eight television for local community problems; publishes programs yearly. aids to PTA's for programming, parent ed- -, INSTITUTE FOR RELIGIOUS AND ucation, child guidance, and parent-teacher SOCIAL STUDIES (N. Y. C, 1938; Chi- meetings and conferences. Holiday Pro- cago 1944; Boston 1945). 3080 Broad- grams; Jewish Parents Magazine; Pro- way, N. Y. C, 27. Dir. Louis Finkelstein; gram Aids. Exec. Dir. Jessica Feingold. Aims to serve NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HILLEL DI- as a scholarly and scientific fellowship of RECTORS (1949). Yale Station 265, New clergymen and other religious teachers Haven, Conn. Pres. Joseph H. Gumbiner; who desire authoritative information re- Sec. Alex J. Goldman. Aims to facilitate garding some of the basic issues now con- exchange of experience and opinion fronting spiritually minded men. among Hillel directors and counselors, de- , Louis M. RABINOWITZ INSTITUTE velop personnel standards and promote , the welfare of the B'nai B'rith Hillel FOR RABBINIC RESEARCH ( ). 3080 Foundations and their professional per- Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Dir. Louis Fink- sonnel. Beth Hillel. elstein. Prepares scientific editions of early * NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH DAY Rabbinic works. SCHOOL PRINCIPALS (1951). Yeshiva , UNIVERSITY OF JUDAISM (1947). University, 186 St. and Amsterdam Ave., 612 South Ardmore Ave., Los Angeles N. Y. C, 33. 5, Calif. Dir. Simon Greenberg; Regr. * NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF PROFESSORS Max Vorspan. Trains Jewish community OF HEBREW IN AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS leadership for religious, educational, recre- OF HIGHER LEARNING (1950). 80 Wash- ational, and philanthropic institutions. ington Sq. E., N. Y. C, 3. University News. LEAGUE FOR SAFEGUARDING THE FIXITY NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR JEWISH EDUCA- OF THE SABBATH AGAINST POSSIBLE TION (1926). 1776 Broadway, N. Y. C, ENCROACHMENT BY CALENDAR REFORM 19. Pres. David Rudavsky; Sec. Harry L. (1929). 120 W. 76 St., N. Y. C, 23. Woll. Seeks to further the creation of a Pres. Herbert S. Goldstein; Sec. Isaac profession of Jewish education and to im- Rosengarten. Seeks to safeguard the fixity prove the quality of Jewish instruction. of the Sabbath against introduction of the Jewish Education; Sheviley Hahinuch. blank-day device in calendar reform. NATIONAL COUNCIL OF BETH JACOB MIZRACHI NATIONAL EDUCATION COM- SCHOOLS, INC. (1943). 150 Nassau St., MITTEE (1939; re-org. 1947). 1133 N. Y. C, 33. Pres. Ira Rosenzweig; Exec. Broadway, N. Y. C, 10. Pres. Harry I. Dir. David Ullmann. Operates traditional Wohlberg; Exec. Dir. Isidor Margolis. Or- all-day schools and a summer camp for ganizes and supervises yesbivot and tal- girls. Beth Jacob. mud torahs; prepares and trains teachers; NATIONAL COUNCIL OF YOUNG ISRAEL publishes textbooks and educational ma- (1912). 3 W. 16 St., N. Y. C, 11. Nat. terial. Gilyonenu; Vaad Bulletin. Pres. Meyer Wiener; Nat. Dir. Samson MORIAH-NATTONAL FEDERATION OF YE- R. Weiss. Seeks to educate Orthodox SHIVA TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS youth and adults through youth work and (1950). 5 Beekman St., N. Y. C, 38. adult Jewish studies; to prove that Juda- Act. Pres. Harold I. Leiman; Exec. Sec. ism and Americanism are compatible; to Jacob Weisberg. Educational; mutual aid; help in the development of Israel in the co-sponsor of the National Yeshiva spirit of Torah. Armed forces Viewpoint; NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 525 Institute Bulletin; Young Israel View- stitutions of higher learning; seeks to point; Youth Activities Program Service. maintain professional competency among -, ARMED FORCES DIVISION (1939). members; helps to establish Jewish mod- 3 W. 16 St., N. Y. C, 11. Chmn. J. ern Orthodox communities throughout the David Delman; Dir. David P. Hurwitz. United States and supply all Jewish com- Advises and counsels the inductees into munities with all religious functionaries. the Armed Forces with regard to Sabbath Egud Newsletter. observance, kashrut and behavior; supplies OF AMERICA kosher food packages, religious items, etc., (1900). 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. to servicemen; aids veterans in readjust- Pres. Harry Halpern; Exec. Sec. Wolfe ing to civilian life. Armed Forces View- Kelman. Serves as the professional or- point. ganization of Conservative rabbis. Pro- •, EMPLOYMENT BUREAU (1914). ceedings. 3 W. 16 St., N. Y. C, 11. Chmn. Julius RABBINICAL COLLEGE OF TELSHE (1941). Horowitz; Dir. David P. Hurwitz. Helps 706 E. 105 St., Cleveland, 8, O. Pres. secure employment with particular empha- E. M. Bloch; Exec. Sec. M. Helfan. Col- sis given to Sabbath observers; offers vo- lege for higher Jewish learning, specializ- cational guidance. ing in Talmudic studies and Rabbinics; -, WOMEN'S LEAGUE (1937). 3 W. offers possibility for ordination to stu- 16 St., N. Y. C, 11. Pres. Mrs. Samuel dents interested in the active rabbinate. N. Levy, Mrs. Nat Lebowitz. Serves as Pri Etz Chaim—journal for Talmudic Re- coordinating and guiding factor of all search; Semiannual News Bulletin. sisterhood branches. RABBINICAL COUNCIL OF AMERICA, INC. -, YOUNG ISRAEL INSTITUTE FOR (1923; reorg. 1935). 331 Madison Ave., JEWISH STUDIES (1945). 3 W. 16 St., N. Y. C, 17. Pres. David B. Hollander; N. Y. C, 11. Dir. Samson R. Weiss. Exec. Sec. Israel Klavan. Promotes Or- Helps form branch adult schools; aids thodox Judaism in the community; sup- Young Israel synagogues in their adult ports institutions for study of Torah; education program. Institute Bulletins. stimulates creation of new traditional -, YOUTH DEPARTMENT (1912). 3 agencies. Marriage and Home; RCA W. 16 St., N. Y. C, 11. Chmn. Herbert Quarterly; Rabbinic Registry; Sermon Perlman; Dir. Aryeh Yormark. Organizes Manual. youth groups designed to train future SHOLEM ALEICHEM FOLK INSTITUTE leaders; plans and executes policies for all (1918). 22 E. 17 St., N. Y. C, 3. Exec. Young Israel synagogue youth groups. Sec. Saul Goodman. Aims to imbue chil- Program Service. dren with Jewish values through teaching NATIONAL COUNCIL ON JEWISH AUDIO- Yiddish language and literature, Hebrew VISUAL MATERIALS (1949). 1776 Broad- and the Bible, Jewish history, Jewish life way, N. Y. C, 19. Chmn. Albert P. in America and Israel, folk songs and Schoolman; Exec. Sec. Zalmen Slesinger. choral singing, celebration of bar mitzvah Offers advice and guidance on and evalu- and Jewish holidays. Kinder Journal; Sho- ates available Jewish audio-visual materi- lem Aleichem Bulletin. als. Jewish Audio-Visual Review. SOCIETY OF FRIENDS OF THE TOURO SYNA- NATIONAL WOMEN'S LEAGUE OF THE GOGUE, INC. (1948). 85 Touro St., New- UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AMERICA port, R. I. Pres. B. C. Friedman; Sec. (1918). 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Theodore Lewis. Assists in the maintenance Pres. Mrs. Emanuel Siner; Exec. Dir. and upkeep of buildings, grounds, person- Naomi Flax. Seeks to advance traditional nel of the Touro Synagogue; raises and al- Judaism by furthering Jewish education locates funds for the printing of articles, among women and children; services sis- booklets, and material concerning the terhoods of the Conservative movement. Touro Synagogue for general dissemina- Leagnotes; National Women's League tion. Brochure. Outlook. SYNAGOGUE COUNCIL OF AMERICA (1926). P'EYLIM-AMERICAN YESHIVA STUDENT 110 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. Pres. Nor- UNION (1951). 3 W. 16 St., N. Y. C, man Salit; Act. Exec. Dir. Marc H. Tanen- 11. Pres. Shlomo Freifeld; Exec. Sec. baum. Provides over-all Jewish religious Yaakov I. Homnick. Aids and sponsors representation in the United States, acting voluntary pioneer work by American grad- in the interest of Orthodox, Conservative, uate teachers in the camps in Israel; does and Reform Judaism. organizational, counselling, and educational TORAH UMESORAH — NATIONAL SOCIETY work. Ha'Chever Ha'torati. FOR HEBREW DAY SCHOOLS (1944). 5 RABBINICAL ALLIANCE OF AMERICA Beekman St., N. Y. C, 38. Pres. Samuel (1944). 141 So. 3 St., Brooklyn 11, C. Feuerstein; Educ. Dir. Joseph Kamin- N. Y. Pres. Mendel Feldman; Exec. Dir. etsky. Establishes and services all-day Jew- Chaim U. Lipschitz. Seeks to further tra- ish schools throughout U. S.; conducts ditional Judaism; helps support the Me- teaching seminar and workshops for in- sivta Rabbinical Seminary and other in- service training of teachers. Annual Report; 526 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Circular Letter on Day Schools to Princi- and related activities. American Judaism; pals; Olomeinu-Our World; Torah Vme- NFTB Service Bulletin. sorab News Notes. -, NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEM- UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGRE- PLE SISTERHOODS (1913). 838 Fifth GATIONS (1873). 838 Fifth Ave., N. Y. Ave., N. Y. C, 21. Pres. Mrs. Hugo Dal- C, 21. Pres. Maurice N. Eisendrath; Ad- sheimer; Exec. Dir. Jane Evans. Seeks to min. Sec. Louis I. Egelson. Serves and achieve cooperation among sisterhoods in develops American Liberal synagogues; the U. S. and abroad; stimulates spiritual helps to establish new congregations; pro- and educational activity in the Reform motes Jewish education; maintains the movement. American Judaism; Current Hebrew Union College—Jewish Institute Copy; President's Packet. of Religion. American Judaism; Jewish -, NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEM- Messenger; Jewish Teacher; Synagogue PLE YOUTH (1939). 838 Fifth Ave., Service Bulletin. N. Y. C, 21. Pres. Robert Seltzer; Nat. , COMMISSION OF JEWISH EDUCA- Dir. Samuel Cook. Unites youth of Reform TION OF (1923). 838 Fifth Ave., N. Y. congregations in national youth projects, C, 21. Chmn. Solomon B. Freehof; Sec. programs, institutes and camp conferences. Maurice N. Eisendrath. Develops courses of Messenger; Youth Leader. study and prepares literature for Jewish UNION OF ORTHODOX JEWISH CONGREGA- education in Reform religious schools TIONS OF AMERICA (1898). 305 Broad- throughout the U. S. Annual Catalogue of way, N. Y. C, 7. Pres. Max J. Etra; Sec. Publications; Curricula for the Jewish Re- Joseph Schlang. Services the Orthodox syn- ligious School; Jewish Book Week List; agogues; serves as authoritative spokesman Jewish Teacher. for Orthodox congregations in the U. S. -, COMMISSION ON SYNAGOGUE AC- and Canada. Jewish Action; Jewish Life; TIVITIES OF THE UNION OF AMERICAN © Kashruth Directory; Hachayil; P'rakim. HEBRBW CONGREGATIONS AND THE CEN- , WOMEN'S BRANCH OF (1923). TRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RAB- 305 Broadway, N. Y. C, 7. Pres. Mrs. BIS (1932). 838 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 21. Wyman Berenson; Exec. Sec. Mrs. Rubin Chmn. Alexander Frieder; Dir. Eugene J. Langfan. Seeks to unite all Orthodox Lipman. Assists congregations in the areas women, girls, and their organizations; pub- of worship and ceremonies, art and archi- lishes educational and cultural material; tecture, administration, aspects of adult raises funds, aids Israel. Hachodesh; Man- education, and similar fields. Synagogue ual for Sisterhoods; Newsletter. Service Bulletin. UNION OF ORTHODOX RABBIS OF THE , JOINT COMMISSION ON SOCIAL AC- UNITED STATES AND CANADA, INC. TION OF THE UNION OF AMERICAN (1902). 132 Nassau St., N. Y. C, 38. HEBREW CONGREGATIONS AND THE CEN- Chmn. of Pres. Israel Rosenberg; Exec. TRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RAB- Dir. Meyer Cohen. Seeks to foster tradi- BIS (1949). 838 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 21. tional Judaism, promote higher Torah Chmn. I. Cyrus Gordon; Exec. Sec. Albert learning, strengthen authority of Orthodox Vorspan. Assists congregations in studying rabbinate, and disseminate knowledge of the moral and religious implications in traditional Jewish rites and practices among various social issues such as civil rights, the Jewish masses. civil liberties, church-state relations; guides congregational social action committees. UNION OF SEPHARDIC CONGREGATIONS, Social Action in Review. INC. (1929). 99 Central Park West, N. Y. , Los ANGELES COLLEGE OF JEW- C, 23. Pres. David de Sola Pool; Sec. Vic- ISH STUDIES OF (1947). 590 No. Ver- tor Tarry. Promotes the religious interests mont Ave., Los Angeles 4, Calif. Dean, of Sephardic Jews. Isaiah Zeldin. Trains religious school teach- UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AMERICA (1913)- ers and principals; prepares pre-rabbinic 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Charles candidates; gives in-service courses to can- Rosengarten; Exec. Dir. Bernard Segal. tors and organists; offers courses in Juda- Services affiliated Conservative congrega- ism, History, Bible, and Hebrew to lay- tions and their auxiliaries, in all their re- men. Syllabi. ligious, educational, cultural, and adminis- -, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF TEM- trative needs. United Synagogue Review. PLE SECRETARIES OF (1941). 7 W. 83 , COMMISSION ON JEWISH EDUCA- St. N. Y. C, 24. Pres. Max Feder; Sec. TION (c. 1930). 3080 Broadway, N. Y. Nat Emanuel. Seeks to raise standards of C, 27. Chmn. Elias Charry; Exec. Dir. temple administration. Quarterly. Abraham E. Millgram. Aims to promote , NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEM- higher educational standards in Conserva- PLE BROTHERHOODS (1923). 838 Fifth tive congregational schools and to publish Ave., N. Y. C, 21. Pres. Harold W. Du- material for the advancement of their edu- binsky; Exec. Dir. Sylvan Lebow. Seeks cational program. Synagogue School. to stimulate greater lay participation in -, EDUCATORS ASSEMBLY OF (1951)- Jewish religious life, in worship, studies, 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Henry NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 527 R. Goldberg; Sec. Treas. Jacob S. Rosen. Philadelphia 23, Pa. Hon. Pres. Leo Baeck; Promotes, extends and strengthens the pro- Am. Dir. David H. Wice. Promotes and gram of Jewish education on all levels in coordinates world-wide efforts on behalf of the community in consonance with the phi- Liberal Judaism. Bulletin. losophy of* the Conservative movement. YESHIVA COLLEGE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION Educators Assembly News; Educators As- (1934). 186 St. and Amsterdam Ave., sembly Proceedings First Annual Conven- N. Y. C, 33. Pres. Milton Kramer; Corr. tion. Sec. Morris Silverman. Furthers the inter- , NATIONAL ACADEMY FOR ADULT ests of the College of Arts and Science of JEWISH STUDIES (1940). 3080 Broad- Yeshiva University. Yeshiva College Alum- way, N. Y. C, 27. Dir. Simon Noveck; ni Bulletin. Admin. Sec. Mrs. Lily Edelman. Promotes YESHIVA UNIVERSITY (1896). 186 St. and programs of adult Jewish education in Con- Amsterdam Ave., N. Y. C., 33- Pres. Sam- servative congregations. Adult Jewish Ed- uel Belkin; Dir. of Development Michael ucation Newsletter. M. Nisselson. Offers undergraduate and -, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SYNA- graduate work in general and Jewish edu- GOGUE ADMINISTRATORS OF (1948). cation; grants rabbinical ordination. Com- 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Abe mentator; Elchanite; Horeb; Masmid; Nit; Schefferman; Sec. David Siegel. Aids con- Progress Report; Scrifta Mathematica; gregations affiliated with the United Syna- Sura; Talpioth; Y. U. News. gogue of America to further aims of Con- , GRADUATE DIVISION ALUMNI OF servative Judaism through more effective (1949). 186 St. and Amsterdam Ave., administration and to integrate all activity; N. Y. C, 33. Act. Pres. Bernard Bergman. conducts placement bureau and administra- Graduate Division Newsletter. tive surveys. NASA; Proceedings. -, NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ORGAN- -, NATIONAL FEDERATION OF JEW- IZATIONS FOR (1943). 270 Park Ave., ISH MEN'S CLUBS, INC. (1929). 3080 N. Y. C, 17. Nat. Chmn. Louis Levine; Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Albert Kauf- Exec. Sec. Samuel A. Doctorow. Advances man; Sec. Joseph L. Blum. Seeks to further the program of Yeshiva University through traditional Judaism by the integration of landsmannshaften, benevolent and fraternal its members in study, observance, and ac- organizations. tive participation in Jewish life and culture -, RABBINIC ALUMNI ASSOCIATION as propounded by the Conservative move- OF (1944). 186 St. and Amsterdam Ave., ment. Torch. N. Y. C, 33. Pres. Morris Berman; Sec. , NATIONAL WOMEN'S LEAGUE OF. Abraham Besdin. Aims to advance the See NATIONAL WOMEN'S LEAGUE OF cause of traditional Judaism and its rab- THE UNITED SYNAGOGUE. binate. Rabbinic Alumni Bulletin. -, SYNAGOGUE COUNCIL OF (1936). , YOUNG PEOPLE'S LEAGUE OF 270 Park Ave., Bldg. "A," N. Y. C, 17. (1921). 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Max J. Etra; Exec. Dir. Max Halpert. Nat. Pres. Max Hausen; Nat. Dir. Morton Seeks to unify congregations and promote Siegel. Seeks to bring Jewish youth closer traditional Judaism; maintains Yeshiva to Conservative Judaism, the synagogue, University. Annual Journal. and the Jewish community. News Chat. -, TEACHERS INSTITUTE ALUMNI -, YOUTH OF (1951). 3080 Broad- ASSOCIATION OF (1942). 270 Park Ave., way, N. Y. C, 27. Pres. Arthur Podell; Bldg. "A," N. Y. C, 17. Pres. Solomon Nat. Dir. Morton Siegel. Offers opportuni- Biederman; Sec. Louis Clark. Aims to ad- ties to the adolescent to continue and vance the cause of the Teachers Institute strengthen his identification with Judaism and its service in the field of Jewish edu- and with the synagogue; seeks to develop cation; to foster Jewish learning and schol- a program based on the personality devel- arship. Annual Alumni Journal; Horeb. opment, needs, and interests of the adoles- WOMEN'S ORGANIZATION OF cent. News and Views; Program Notes. (1928). 1860 Broadway, N. Y. C, 23. WORLD UNION FOR JEWISH EDUCATION, Pres. Mrs. Walter J. Diamond. Yeshiva AMERICAN SECTION (1947). 17/6 Women's Organization Bulletin. Broadway, N. Y. C, 19- Chmn. Azriel YESHIVATH TORAH VODAATH AND ME- Eisenberg; Sec. Judah Lapson. Encourages, SIVTA RABBINICAL SEMINARY (1918). guides, and coordinates Jewish educational 141 S. 3 St., Brooklyn 11, N. Y. Pres. effort the world over, administers the Jeru- Charles A. Saretsky; Treas. Benjamin Feld- salem examinations of competency in He- man. Offers Jewish education leading to brew in cooperation with Hebrew Univer- rabbinical ordination and post-rabbinical sity of ; conducts lectureship on work; maintains a Hebrew Teachers Insti- American Jewish education at Hebrew tute granting a teacher's degree; maintains University in Jerusalem. office for community service; operates non- WORLD UNION FOR PROGRESSIVE JUDAISM, profit camp. Annual Journal; Alumni U. S. OFFICE (1926). 615 N. Broad St., News; Egud News. 528 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK SOCIAL, MUTUAL BENEFIT Molho. Seeks to promote the culture, re- ligion, and welfare of Sephardic Jews. (1909). 185 N. Wa- Sephardi. bash Ave., Chicago 1, 111. Pres. Mrs. Sam- FARBAND—LABOR ZIONIST ORDER (1912). uel S. Cohen; Exec. Sec. Kaye McLaughlin. 45 E. 17 St., N. Y. G, 3. Pres. Meyer L. Social; philanthropic; cultural. Columns of Brown; Gen. Sec. Louis Segal. Renders Alpha Epsilon Phi. fraternal insurance benefits on legal re- FRATERNITY (1913). serve basis and engages in Labor Zionist, 4 N. 8 St., St. Louis 1, Mo. Supreme Mas- ter Harry Prager; Exec. Sec. George Israel, Jewish educational, cultural, and S. Toll. Educational; fraternal; philan- social programs. Farband Newsletter. thropic; cultural. Lion; Newsletter. FREE SONS OF ISRAEL (1849). 257 W. 93 ALPHA OMEGA FRATERNITY (1907). 41 E. St., N. Y. C, 25. Grand Master Milton 19 St., N. Y. C, 3. Nat. Pres. Louis I. M. Meyer; Grand Sec. Joseph G Seide. Galin; Nat. Sec. Jesse Trager. Professional Benevolent; fraternal. Freeson. dental fraternity. Alpha Omegan. HEBREW VETERANS OF THE WAR WITH •ALPHA ZETA OMEGA (1919). 13159 SPAIN (1899). 118-14 83rd Ave., Kew Cedar Rd., Cleveland, Ohio. Gardens 15, N. Y. Comdr. Bernard Adler; • AMERICAN ALLIANCE OF POLISH JEWISH Adj. Isidore Weill. Social and patriotic. SOCIETIES (formerly AMERICAN FEDERA- Bulletin. TION FOR POLISH JEWS) (1908). 225 IOTA THETA LAW FRATERNITY, INC. W. 34 St., N. Y. C. 1. (1914). 375 Pearl St., Brooklyn 1, N. Y. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF JEWS FROM Pres. Arnold Price; Sec. Sol Bromberg. CENTRAL EUROPE, INC. (1941). 1674 Professional; interfaith. Broadway, N. Y. C, 19. Pres. Max Gruene- JEWISH NATIONAL WORKERS' ALLIANCE wald; Exec. V.P. Herman Muller. Seeks to OF AMERICA. See FARBAND-LABOR ZION- safeguard the rights and interests of Cen- IST ORDER. tral European Jews now living in the U. S., JEWISH PEACE FELLOWSHIP (1941). 132 especially in reference to restitution and Morningside Drive, N. Y. G, 27. Chmn. indemnification. Information bulletins. Isidor B. Hoffman; Exec. Sec. Harvey Ed- ASSOCIATION OF YUGOSLAV JEWS IN THE wards. Seeks to clarify the relationship of UNITED STATES, INC. (1940). 400 Mad- Judaism to pacifism; aids conscientious ison Ave., N. Y. G, 17. Pres. Joseph Levi; objectors. Tidings. Sec. Joseph Gottfried. Furnishes aid to JEWISH THEATRICAL GUILD OF AMERICA, Jews from Yugoslavia; assists Jewish com- INC. (1924). 1564 Broadway, N. Y. G, munities in Yugoslavia; assists Yugoslav 19. Pres. Eddie Cantor; Exec. Sec. Dave immigrants in Israel. Bulletin. Ferguson. Seeks to serve as a nonsectarian BETA SIGMA RHO (1910). 21 E. 40 St., theatrical assistance agency. N. Y. G, 16. Grand Chanc. Louis B. MAGEN DAVID FEDERATION, INC. (1921). Maximon; Exec. Sec. Samuel G. Fredman. 2025 67 St., Brooklyn 4, N. Y. ACT. Pres. Beta Sigma Rho Newsletter. Isaac Shalom; Act. Sec. Morris Kassab. BNAI ZION—THE AMERICAN FRATERNAL Assists needy Syrian Jewish communities ZIONIST ORGANIZATION (1910). 225 W. in U. S. and abroad; maintains educational 57 St., N. Y. C, 19. Pres. Arthur Marke- and benevolent institutions. wich; Nat. Sec. Herman Z. Quittman. Pa- Mu SIGMA FRATERNITY, INC. (1906). 140 triotic; Zionist; mutual aid. Bnai Zion Nassau St., N. Y. G, 38. Pres. Lawrence Voice. M. Troy; Sec. Howard Raskin. High BRITH ABRAHAM, INDEPENDENT ORDER school; cultural; welfare. Lamp. (1887). 37 E. 7 St., N. Y. G, 3. Grand * NETHERLANDS JEWISH SOCIETY, INC. Master Irving L. Hodes; Grand Sec. Adolph (1940). 50 Broad St., N. Y. G, 4. Stern. Zionist; civic defense; mutual aid; FRATERNITY, INC. (1914). philanthropic. Beacon. 2310 Wichita Ave., Baltimore 15, Md. BRITH ABRAHAM FOUNDATION (1950). Pres. Herbert Robinson; Exec. Sec. Alex- (Sponsored by INDEPENDENT ORDER ander Goodman. Phi Alpha Bulletin. BRITH ABRAHAM.) 37 E. 7 St., N. Y. C, PHI EPSILON PI FRATERNITY (1904). 340 3. Pres. Irving L. Hodes; Sec. Adolph S. 15 St., Philadelphia 2, Pa. Nat. Pres. Stern. Organized for religious, charitable, Milton K. Susman; Exec. Sec. Albert scientific, literary and educational pur- Greenstone. Collegiate. Phi Epsilon Pi poses. Beacon. Quarterly. BRITH SHOLOM (1905). 506 Pine St., Phil- PHI LAMBDA KAPPA FRATERNITY, INC. adelphia 6, Pa. Nat. Pres. Irving R. Shull; (1907). 1030 Euclid Ave., Cleveland 15, Nat. Sec. Manuel Glass. Devoted to service O. Pres. John Freedman; Sec. Samuel L. to community and armed forces, civic wel- Lemel. Medical. Phi Lambda Kappa Quar- fare, and defense of minority rights. Brith terly. Sholom News. FRATERNITY (1909). 47 CENTRAL SEPHARDIC JEWISH COMMUNITY W. 43 St. N. Y. G, 36 Pres. Laurence J. OF AMERICA, INC. (1940). 225 W. 34 Sobel; Exec. Sec. Joseph Kruger. Col- St., N. Y. C, 1. Pres. Eli Elias; Sec. Isaac legiate. Deltan. NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 529 •PHI SIGMA SIGMA SORORITY (1913). Barre, Pa. Pres. Jesse Choper; V. Pres. 101-06 67 Drive, Forest Hills 75, N. Y. Mark Perlin. Athletic; welfare. Hour Pi TAU PI FRATERNITY (incl. HAI RESH) Glass; Manual; Pledge Manual; Roster. (1913). 200 Marvin Rd., Philadelphia 2, WORKMEN'S CIRCLE (1900). 175 E. Broad- Pa. Pres. Robert Garner. Cultural; religious; way, N. Y. C, 2. Pres. Jack T. Zukerman; philanthropic; social. Pitaupian, Gen. Sec. Nathan Chanin. Benevolent aid; PROGRESSIVE ORDER OF THE WEST, GRAND allied with labor movement; educational, LODGE (1896). 705 Chestnut St., St. cultural, and humanitarian activities. The Louis 1, Mo. Grand Master Harold E. Friend; Culture and Education; Kinder Friedman; Grand Sec. Morris Shapiro. Be- Zeitung; Workmen's Circle Call. nevolent. Progressive Order of the West , ENGLISH-SPEAKING DIVISION Bulletin. (1927). 175 E. Broadway, N. Y. C, 2. SBPHARDIC JEWISH BROTHERHOOD OF Chmn. Nat. Org. Com. Daniel E. Ifshin; AMERICA, INC. (1915). 122 E. 169 St., Nat. Dir. William Stern. Performs social, Bronx 52, N. Y. Pres. Moses M. Cohen; cultural, and educational activities within Exec. Sec. Hyman M. Nadjari. Promotes the program of a Jewish labor and fraternal the industrial, social, educational, and re- organization. New York Circleite. ligious welfare of its members. El Her- YOUNG CIRCLE LEAGUE— manado. YOUTH SECTION OF THE (1927). 175 E. FRATERNITY (1909). Broadway, N. Y. C, 2. Dir. Nat. Peskin. 100 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. Nat. Pres. Engages children in the program of the Morris H. Rotenberg, Exec. Sec. James C. Workmen's Circle. Junior Triangle. Hammerstein. Collegiate. Octagonian. WORLD SEPHARDI FEDERATION, AMERICAN SORORITY (1917). BRANCH (1951). 225 W. 34 St., N. Y. 1718 Sherman Ave., Evanston, 111. Nat. C, 1. World Pres. A. Benroy; Sec. Gen. Pres. Mrs. Morton Grant; Nat. Sec. Mrs. O. Camhy. Promotes the religious and Leah Kartman. Philanthropic, collegiate; cultural interests of Sephardic communi- carries out a national philanthropic pro- ties the world over. Judaisme Sephardi. gram with multiple sclerosis, blood re- FRATERNITY (1898). 124 search, and various children's schools across E. 40 St., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. L. Reyner the country. Torch. Samet; Gen. Sec. L. D. Dover. Social, ed- FRATERNITY, INC. ucational; charitable; collegiate. Zeta Beta (1910). Rm. 1403, 130 W. 42 St., N. Y. Tau Quarterly. C, 36. Pres. Sol D. Shaman; Exec. Sec. Sidney S. Suntag. Collegiate. Plume. TAU EPSILON RHO FRATERNITY (1919). SOCIAL WELFARE 700 Bailey Bldg., 1218 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 7, Pa. Pres. Kenneth J. AMERICAN JEWISH SOCIETY FOR SERVICE, Marks; Supreme Master of the Rolls, Irvin INC. (1950). 120 Broadway, N. Y. C, 5. J. Kopf. Professional; legal. Summons. Pres. Henry Kohn; Sec. I. Meyer Pincus. UNION OF RUSSIAN JEWS, INC. (1941). Dedicated to service on a universal basis, Apt. 2A, 352 W. 110 St., N. Y. C, 25. to all people regardless of race, creed or Chmn. Mark Wischnitzer. Cultural; philan- color; operates work service camps. thropic. BARON DE HIRSCH FUND, INC. (1891). 386 UNITED GALICIAN JEWS OF AMERICA Fourth Ave., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. George W. (1937). 175 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C. 10. Naumburg; Mng. Dir. George Bookstaver. Pres. Herbert B. Sussman; Sec. William Supports the Jewish Agricultural Society; Katz. Aids Galician Jews; active in colo- aids Americanization of Jewish immi- nization and vocational training in Israel. grants and their instruction in trades and Our Voice. agriculture. UNITED HUNGARIAN JEWS OF AMERICA, B'NAI B'RITH (1843). 1003 K St., N. W., INC. (1940). 317 E. 79 St., N. Y. C, 21. Washington 1, D. C. Pres. Philip M. Pres. Armand A. Rotman; Exec. Sec. Klutznick; Sec. Maurice Bisgyer. Seeks to Ernest Lendway. Cooperates with United unite Jews through civic, educational, cul- Jewish Appeal in fund drives; gives as- tural, philanthropic and patriotic activities. sistance to Jews of Hungarian descent. National Jewish Monthly. UNITED ORDER TRUE SISTERS, INC. (1846). , VOCATIONAL SERVICE BUREAU 150 W. 85 St., N. Y. C, 24. Pres. Hor- (1938). 1761 R St., N. W., Washington tense S. Schlesinger; Sec. Alice Simon. Phil- 6, D. C. Chmn. Leon J. Obermayer; Co- anthropic; cancer treatment. Echo. Dir. Robert Shosteck, Virgil Smirnow. UNITED RUMANIAN JEWS OF AMERICA, Aids in occupational adjustment of Jewish INC. (1909). 111 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. youth and adults; carries out research in Pres. I. Glickman; Sec. Wolf Sapero. Aids problems of occupational adjustment and Rumanian Jews in Europe, Israel and else- discrimination. Career News; Counselors where, financially and politically. Record. Information Service. UPSILON LAMBDA PHI FRATERNITY, INC. WOMEN'S SUPREME COUNCIL (1917). 153 New Alexander St., Wilkes- (1940). 203 N. Wabash Ave., Chicago 530 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 26, 111. Pres. Mrs. Albert A. Woldman; JEWISH CONSUMPTIVES' RELIEF SOCIETY Nat. Dir. Mrs. Arthur G. Laufman. Seeks (1904). P. O. Box 537, Denver 1, Colo. to further and coordinate program of Pres. Noah A. Atler; Exec. Dir. Israel youth welfare and education; defends Jew- Friedman. Operates the Denver Hospital ish rights; engages in philanthropies, so- and Sanatorium, a free, nonsectarian, cial action for Americanism, veterans' af- nation-wide medical center for chest dis- fairs, adult Jewish education program; eases; treats and rehabilitates persons suf- organizes aid to Israel. B'nai B'rith Wom- fering from tuberculosis in all forms and en's World. stages and other chest diseases, and also CITY OF HOPB—A NATIONAL MEDICAL cancer in all forms. J.C.R.S. Bulletin. CBNTER UNDER JEWISH AUSPICES. , NATIONAL COUNCIL OF AUXIL- (1913). 208 W. 8 St., Los Angeles 14, IARIES (1904; re-org. 1936). P. O. B. Cal. Pres. Victor M. Carter; Exec. V. Pres. 537, Denver 1, Colo. Pres. Mrs. Walter J. Samuel H. Goiter. Operates a free na- Simon; Exec. Sec. Mrs. Joseph Zeenkov. tional nonsectarian medical center under Coordinates work of the constituent auxil- Jewish auspices for treatment of tubercu- iaries, aids in the formation of new auxil- losis and allied chest diseases and cancer in iaries, and serves as a clearing house of in- all stages; operates a Medical Research In- formation for the improvement of their stitute in the diseases treated at the medical functions. center; and provides postgraduate medical JEWISH NATIONAL HOME FOR ASTHMATIC education in these diseases. Torch of Hope. CHILDREN AT DENVER (formerly NA- CONFERENCE COMMITTEE OF NATIONAL TIONAL HOME FOR JEWISH CHILDREN AT JEWISH WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONS DENVER) (1907). 3447 W. 19 Ave., (1929). 15 E. 84St.,N. Y. C, 28. Chmm. Denver 4, Colo. Pres. Fannie E. Lorber; Mrs. Sidney Leff; Sec.-Treas. Mrs. Solomon Admin. Jack Gershtenson. Maintains an Abelow. Promotes interorganizational un- institution for the physical and emotional derstanding and good will among the co- rehabilitation of dependent Jewish chil- operating organizations; brings to atten- dren from all parts of the U. S. who are tion of constituent organizations matters suffering from chronic intractable asthma of Jewish communal interest for their con- or other allergic diseases. News from the sideration and possible action. Home Front. COUNCIL OF JEWISH FEDERATIONS AND JEWISH OCCUPATIONAL COUNCIL, INC. WELFARE FUNDS, INC. (1932). 165 W. (1939). 1841 Broadway, N. Y. C, 23. 46 St., N. Y. C, 36. Pres. Julian Free- Pres. Sidney Simon; Exec. Dir. Roland man; Exec. Dir. Philip Bernstein. Provides Baxt. Serves as the central national advis- central and regional services in Jewish com- ory, coordinating and research facility in munity organization, campaigns and in- the field of Jewish vocational guidance, terpretation, budgeting, planning for health placement training, vocational rehabilita- and welfare, and cooperative action by the tion, and occupational research, Program associated community organizations in the and Information Bulletin; Vocational U. S. and Canada. Jewish Community. Service Abstracts. EX-PATIENTS' SANATORIUM FOR TUBERCU- LEO N. LEVI MEMORIAL HOSPITAL ASSO- LOSIS AND CHRONIC DISEASE (1908). CIATION (1914). 343 So. Dearborn St., 8000 E. Montview Blvd., Denver 7, Colo. Chicago 4, 111. Pres. Mrs. Louis H. Har- Pres. Moses Binstock. Provides medical rison; Admn. Fannie B. McLaughlin. supervision and rehabilitation opportun- Maintains a free, nonsectarian, interracial ities for needy patients with tuberculosis, medical center for the treatment of arthritis, bronchial asthma, and other chronic dis- rheumatism, and allied diseases. Monthly eases. Newsletter. JEWISH AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, INC. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH CEN- (1900). 386 Fourth Ave., N. Y. C, 16. TER WORKERS (1918). 145 E. 32 St., Pres. Maurice L. Stone; Gen. Mgr. Theo- N. Y. C, 16. Pres. Jack R. Goldberg; Sec. dore Norman. Seeks to encourage farming Edward Korn. Seeks to promote the wel- among Jews in the U.S. Jewish Farmer. fare, training, and professional standards of center workers. JBWISH BRAILLE INSTITUTE OF AMERICA, NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF JEWISH COM- INC. (1931). 101 W. 55 St., N. Y. C, MUNAL SERVICE (formerly NATIONAL 19. Pres. Mrs. Adolph Sternberg; Exec. CONFERENCE OF JEWISH SOCIAL WEL- Dir. Jacob Freid. Seeks to further cul- FARE) (1899). 1841 Broadway, N. Y. tural and religious welfare of the Jewish C, 23. Pres. Judah Pilch; Exec. Sec. Pres- blind. Jewish Braille Review. ton David. Discusses problems and develop- JBWISH CONCILIATION BOARD OF AMER- ments in the various fields of Jewish com- ICA, INC. (1930). 225 Broadway, N. Y. munal service on a professional level. C, 7. Pres. Israel Goldstein; Exec. Sec. Jewish Social Service Quarterly. Louis Richman. Adjusts and conciliates dis- NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH PRISON putes involving Jewish individuals and CHAPLAINS, INC. (1935). 228 E. 19 St., organizations. Annual Report. N. Y. C, 3. Pres. Abraham Burstein; Sec. NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 531

Morris H. Weiss. Helps to rehabilitate SERVICE FOR NEW AMERICANS, and the Jewish prisoners; offers religious and so- the migration services of the AMERICAN cial services in penal institutions. JEWISH JOINT DISTRIBUTION COMMIT- NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN, TEE) (1954). Pres. Ben. Toustc-r; Exec. INC. (1893). I W. 47 St., N. Y. C, 36. Dir. Arthur Greenleigh. Services Jewish Pres. Mrs. Irving M. Engel; Exec. Dir. immigrants in the following areas: pre- Elsie Elfenbein. Sponsors a program of immigration planning, procurement of im- service and education for social action in migration visas, visa documematiun, con- fields of social legislation, international sular representation and intervention, trans- understanding for peace, contemporary portation, reception, sheltering, initial ad- Jewish affairs, community welfare, overseas justment and reunion of families; succors service, and service to the foreign-born. needy Jewish families in Europe and Is- Council Woman. rael through funds sent by friends and NATIONAL DESERTION BUREAU, INC. relatives via the United HIAS b^rvice Im- (1905). 105 Nassau St., N. Y. C, 38. migrant Bank and CARE packages; works Pres. Walter H. Liebman; Exec. Dir. and in the United States through local com- Chief Counsel Jacob T. Zukerman. Pro- munity agencies to integrate the immigrant vides location, casework and legal aid into American life through a planned pro- services in connection with problems aris- gram of resettlement. Rescue; manuals and ing out of family desertion or other forms pamphlets. of marital breakdown; when advisable, as- UNITED SERVICE FOR NEW AMERICANS, sists families in working out plans for rec- INC. See UNITED HIAS SERVICE. onciliation; in some cases helps to arrange WORLD FEDERATION OF YMHAS AND JEW- for support payments, preferably on a ISH COMMUNITY CENTERS (1947). 145 voluntary basis. E. 32 St., N. Y. C, 16 Pres. Frank L. NATIONAL JEWISH COMMITTEE ON SCOUT- Weil; Sec. Louis Kraft. Serves national ING (1926). Boy Scouts of America, 2 organizations in all countties engaged in Park Ave., N. Y. C, 16. Chmn. Frank L. meeting the leisure-time and welfare needs Weil; Exec. Sec. Harry Lasker. Seeks to of Jewish youth. Y's of the World. stimulate Boy Scout activity among Jew- ish boys. Ner Tamid Guide for Boy Scouts and Explorers; Scouting and the Jewish ZIONIST AND PRO-ISRAEL Boy; Suggestions tor Boy Scout Sabbath. NATIONAL JEWISH HOSPITAL AT DENVER AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR NATIONAL (1899). 3800 E. Colfax Ave., Denver SICK FUND OF ISRAEL, INC. (1946). 276 6, Colo. Act. Pres. David E. Harlem; Exec. W. 43 St., N. Y. C, 36. Chmn. H. L. Dir. Philip Houtz. Offers nation-wide, free Gordon; Exec. V. Chmn. Morris Giloni. nonsectarian care for needy tuberculosis Provides medical equipment, drugs, instru- patients; conducts research, education, and ments, chemicals, and other supplies for rehabilitation. News of the National. the health centers, dispensaries, and med- NATIONAL JEWISH WELFARE BOARD ical institutions of the National Sick (1917). 145 E. 32 St., N. Y. C, 16. Fund of Israel. Pres. Charles Aaron; Exec. V.P. S. D. AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR WEIZMANN Gershovitz. Serves as national association INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, INC. (1944). of Jewish community centers and YM- 250 W. 57 St., N. Y. C, 19. Pres. Abra- YWHAs; authorized by the government ham Feinberg; Exec. V. Chmn. Meyer W. to provide for the religious and welfare Weisgal. Supports the Weizmann Insti- need of Jews in the armed services and in tute of Science for scientific research in veterans hospitals; sponsors Jewish Book Rehovoth, Israel. Council, National Jewish Music Council, * AMERICAN COMMITTEE OF UNIVERSAL National Jewish Youth Conference, Jewish YESHIVAH OF JERUSALEM (1924). 38 Center Lecture Bureau; represents Amer- Park Row, N. Y. C, 38. ican Jewish community in USO. JWB cir- * AMEIC-AMERICAN ERETZ ISRAEL CORP. cle; Jewish Chaplain; Women's Organiza- (1944). 565 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 67. tions Division Bulletin. AMERICAN FRIENDS OF THE HEBREW UNI- NATIONAL JEWISH YOUTH CONFERENCE VERSITY (1931). 9 E. 89 St., N. Y. C, (1946; re-org. 1948). (Sponsored by Na- 28. Pres. George S. Wise; Exec. V.P. Saul tional Jewish Welfare Board.) 145 E. S. Elgart. Represents and publicizes He- 32 St., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. Ruth Breit- brew University in the U. S.; serves as man; Advisor Harry A. Schatz. Seeks to fund-raising arm and purchasing agent; stimulate active participation of Jewish processes American students and arranges youth in Jewish communal affairs and de- exchange professorships in the United velop Jewish youth leadership. Assembly States and Israel. Bulletin; Scopus. Proceedings; Program Aids. AMERICAN FUND FOR ISRAEL INSTITU- UNITED HIAS SERVICE, INC. (consolidation TIONS (1941). 267 W. 71 St., N. Y. C, of HIAS-HEBREW SHELTERING AND IM- 23. Pres. Edward A. Norman; Exec. V.P. MIGRANT AID SOCIETY and UNITED Itzhak Norman. Federated fund-raising 532 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK agency for leading educational, cultural, BACHAD ORGANIZATION OF NORTH AMER- and traditional institutions in Israel; serves ICA (1950). 154 Nassau St., N. Y. C, as a medium for cultural exchange between 38. Exec. Dir. Zvi Reich. Fosters and pro- the United States and Israel. Israel Life and motes ideals of religious pioneering in Is- tetters. rael; maintains hachsharah agricultural training farm and school, as well as pro- AMERICAN JEWISH PHYSICIANS' COMMIT- fessional department to guide and assist TEE (1921). 55 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. those interested in pioneering and pro- Pres. David J. Kaliski; Sec. Milton L. fessions in Israel. Hamvasser. Kramer. Seeks to build and maintain the medical departments of the Hebrew Uni- BETAR-BRIT TRUMPELDOR OF AMERICA, versity and medical libraries in Israel; INC. (1929). 276 W. 43 St., N. Y. C, raises funds for medical education and re- 36. Pres. Pinchas Stolper; Exec. Sec. Israel search in Israel. Herman. Seeks to educate Jewish youth for AMERICAN PALESTINE JEWISH LEGION life in Israel according to the Revisionist (HAGDUD HAIVRI) (1920). 755 West principles of Ze'ev Jabotinsky. Hadar; Tel End Ave., N. Y. C, 25. Nat. Comdr. Hai Newsletter; Tzofe Betar. Hirsch L. Gordon; V. Comdr. Robert Lem- OF NORTH AMERICA (1939). berg. Seeks to unify the veterans of the 154 Nassau St., N. Y. C, 38. Treas. Meir Zion Transport Corps (Gallipoli, 1915) Kahane; Exec. Dir. Pesach Schindler. and of the three Jewish Battalions, Royal Seeks to awaken the interest of members Fusiliers, in the Palestine campaign in religious through self-realiza- (1917-20), and to publish the history of tion in Israel; maintains training farms their achievements. Jewish Legionary. and leadership seminars. Akivon; Ham- vasser; Ohalenu; Pinkas L'madrich; Holi- AMERICAN RED MOGEN DOVID FOR ISRAEL day Pamphlets. (1941). 225 W. 57 St., N. Y. C, 19. FEDERATED COUNCIL OF ISRAEL INSTITU- Pres. Louis Rosenberg; Exec. Dir. Charles TIONS—FCII (1940). 38 Park Row, N. W. Feinberg. Functions as the national Y. C, 38. Pres. David L. Meckler; Exec. membership organization in support of the V.P. Abraham Horowitz. Central fund- Magen David Adom, Israel's first aid raising organization for independent re- agency and official Israeli Red Cross ligious, educational, and welfare institu- service. The Open Door to Health. tions in Israel which are not maintained AMERICAN TECHNION SOCIETY (1940). by the various fund-raising agencies of the 1000 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C, 28. Pres. J. Zionist Organization. Annual Financial Re- W. Wunsch; Exec. Dir. William H. Sch- port. wartz. Supports the Haifa Technion, Is- FOUNDATION FOR THE JEWISH NATIONAL rael's Institute of Technology, and pro- FUND (formerly NATIONAL USSISHKIN motes the technical and industrial develop- LEAGUE) (1945). 41 E. 42 St., N. Y. C, ment of Israel. Technion Monthly; Tech- 17. Pres. Bernard A. Rosenblatt; Exec. nion Yearbook. Dir. Abe Tuvim. Promotes future income AMERICAN ZIONIST COUNCIL (1939; re- for the Jewish National Fund work in org. 1949). 342 Madison Ave., N. Y. C, Israel through bequests, wills, and insur- 17. Chmn. ; Exec. Dir. Je- ance. Lawyers Can Open the Door; Na- rome Unger. Carries on an informational tional Ussishkin League. program on the American scene, stresses GIVAT HASOFER—WRITERS CENTER OF the fostering of Jewish culture and the ISRAEL, AMERICAN FRIENDS OF (1952). Hebrew language in American Jewish 3080 Broadway, N. Y. C, 27. Chmn. life and the intensification of Zionist Abraham S. Halkin; Sec. Aaron Decter. youth work. Bulletin. Helps to create a writers' center in Herzliah AMERICANS FOR PROGRESSIVE ISRAEL for the writers of the world. (1950). 38 W. 88 St., N. Y. C, 24. HABONIM, LABOR ZIONIST YOUTH (1920). Nat. Chmn. Lester Zirin; Exec. Sec. Valia 45 E. 17 St., N. Y. C, 3. Mazkir Dani Hirsch. Disseminates information and en- Kerman. Trains Jewish youth to become courages financial and public support for the chalutzim in Israel; stimulates study of Israel kibbutzim; seeks support for an in- Jewish life, history, and culture; prepares dependent and democratic Israel; encour- youth for the defense of Jewish rights ages investment in cooperative industrial everywhere; prepares Jewish youth for enterprises in Israel. Information Bulletin; active participation in American Jewish Israel Horizons. community life. Furrows; Haboneh. AMPAL—AMERICAN ISRAEL CORPORATION HADASSAH, THE WOMEN'S ZIONIST ORGAN- (1942). 17 E. 71 St., N. Y. C, 21. IZATION OF AMERICA, INC. (1912). 136 Pres. Abraham Dickenstein; Chmn. Exec. W. 52 St., N. Y. C, 19. Pres. Mrs. Her- Com. Benjamin R. Harris. Seeks to develop man Shulman; Exec. Dir. Hannah L. trade relations between the U. S. and Is- Goldberg. Seeks to foster creative Jewish rael and assists in development of eco- living in the U. S.; conducts health, med- nomic and agricultural resources of Israel. ical, social service, child rehabilitation, vo- Annual Report. cational education, and land reclamation NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 533 and afforestation activities in Israel. Ha- to purchase and develop the soil of Israel. dassab Headlines; Hadassah Newsletter. JNP Bulletin; Land and Lite. HAPOEL HAMIZRACHI OF AMERICA, INC. JUNIOR HADASSAH, YOUNG WOMEN'S (1921). 154 Nassau St., N. Y. C, 38. ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA Pres. Bernard Bergman, Israel Schorr, Zev (1920). 1650 Broadway, N. Y. C, 19. Segal; Exec. Sec. Isaac B. Rose. Seeks to Pres. Frayda Ingber; Exec. Sec. Aline Kap- build up the state of Israel in accordance lan. In Israel maintains the Children's with the principles, laws, and traditions of Village of Meier Shfeyah and the Junior Orthodoxy. Jewish Horizon; Kolenu. Hadassah Library at the Hadassah Hen- , WOMEN'S ORGANIZATION OF rietta Szold School of Nursing; supports (1948). 154 Nassau St., N. Y. C, 38. Jewish National Fund projects; conducts Pres. Mrs. Abraham Bernstein; Sec. Mrs. an educational program for membership to Elias Gelbwachs. Helps to maintain nur- strengthen democracy and American Jew- series, kindergartens, homes for children ish community. Junior Hadassah Tempo; and girls, and training schools in Israel. Pilot. Menorab Bulletin. LABOR ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMER- HASHAVIM—LABOR ZIONIST ALIYA GROUP ICA—POALE ZION (1905). 45 E. 17 St., (1949). 45 E. 17 St., N. Y. C, 3. Treas. N. Y. C, 3. Chmn. Central Com. Herman Louis Schneider; Exec. Sec. Herbert Zvi Seidel; Exec. Sec. Jacob Katzman. Sup- Soifer. Offers an intensive program of ed- ports labor and progressive forces in Is- ucation and activity aimed at preparing rael, democratization of American Jewish young adults for cooperative life in Israel. community life, and American pro-labor Hashavim Newsletter. legislation. Jewish Frontier; Yiddisher HASHOMER HATZAIR ZIONIST YOUTH Kemfer. (1925). 38 W. 88 St., N. Y. C, 24. Exec. LEAGUE FOR NATIONAL LABOR IN ISRAEL, Sec. Ruth Reis; Educ. Dir. David White. INC. (1935). 276 W. 43 St., N. Y. C, Educates youth and provides agricultural 36. Chmn. Beinesh Epstein; Gen. Sec. training for pioneering and collective life Morris Giloni. Extends moral and finan- in Israel. Lamadrich; Niv Haboger; Young cial help to the non-socialist National Guard. Labor Federation of Israel (Histradut Ha- HECHALUTZ ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA, Ovdim Haleumit), and acquaints the INC. (A functional arm of the Jewish American public with its aims and activ- Agency and the World Zionist Organiza- ities. Israel Digest. tion.) (1935). 33 E. 67 St., N. Y. C, LEAGUE FOR RELIGIOUS LABOR IN ERETZ 21. Pres. Natan Blezowski; Sec. Ben Kam- ISRAEL, INC. (1941). 38 Park Row, N. Y. inker. Provides agricultural, industrial, and C, 38. Exec. Dir. Isaac B. Rose. Promotes educational training for American Jewish in the United States the ideals of the Torah youth in preparation for life in Israel; offers V'avodah (religious labor) movement; advice, guidance, and assistance to profes- assists the religious pioneers in Israel. sionals who desire to settle in Israel; co- League Bulletin. operates on work-and-study summer tours MIZRACHI HATZAIR-MIZRACHI YOUTH OF of Israel. Occasional brochures. AMERICA (merger of JUNIOR MIZRACHI ISRAEL MUSIC FOUNDATION (1948). 731 WOMEN and NOAR MIZRACHI OF AMER- Broadway, N. Y. C, 3. Pres. Oscar Regen; ICA) (1952). 242 Fourth Ave., N. Y. Sec. Oliver Sabin. Supports and stimulates C, 3. Nat. Pres. Karpol Bender; Exec. Dir. the growth of music in Israel, and dissem- Abraham Stern. Aims to aid in the up- inates Israel music in the U. S. and building of Israel in accordance with the throughout the world in recorded form. Torah and traditions of Israel; spreads the JEWISH AGENCY FOR PALESTINE, AMER- religious Zionist ideal among the youth of ICAN SECTION OF (1929). 16 E. 66 St., America through varied cultural and edu- N. Y. C, 21. Chmn. Nahum Goldmann; cational programs. Leaders Guides; Miz- Exec. Dir. Gottlieb Hammer. Recognized racha; Mizracha Jr. Section; Parshat Ha- by the State of Israel as the authorized shavua; Program Aids; Religious Guides. agency to work in the State of Israel for MIZRACHI ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA the development and the colonization of (1911). 1133 Broadway, N. Y. C, 10. the State of Israel, for the absorption of Pres. Mordecai Kirshblum; Nat. Exec. immigrants from the Diaspora, and for the Sec. Samuel Spar. Seeks to rebuild Israel coordination of the activities in Israel of as a Jewish commonwealth in the spirit Jewish institutions and associations operat- of traditional Judaism and to strengthen ing in these fields. Conducts a world-wide Oxthodox Judaism in the Diaspora. Miz- Hebrew culture program, which includes rachi Outlook; Mizrachi Weg; Or Ha- special seminars for teachers and peda- mizrach; Yiddish Information Bulletin. gogic manuals. Economic Horizons. MIZRACHI PALESTINE FUND ( ). 1133 JEWISH NATIONAL FUND, INC.—KEREN Broadway, N. Y. C, 10. Joint Com. of KAYBMETH LBISRAEL (1910). 41 E. 42 Mizrachi and Hapoel Hamizrachi in St., N. Y. C, 17. Pres. Harris J. Levine; America; Max Hagler, Mordecai Kirsh- Exec. Dir. Mendel N. Fisher. Raises funds blum, Israel Berman, Isidore Eichler, 534 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Charles Bick. Acts as financial instrument Chmn. Morris J. Mendelsohn; Exec. Dir. of the World Mizrachi Organization to Morris Giloni. Aids in building, coloniza- collect funds in the United States for the tion and social welfare activities of the activities of Mizrachi and Hapoel Ha- National Labor Federation in Israel and mizrachi in Israel. its various institutions. MIZRACHI WOMEN'S ORGANIZATION OF PALESTINE SYMPHONIC CHOIR PROJECT AMERICA (1925). 242 Fourth Ave., N. (1938). 3143 Central Ave., Indianapolis Y. C, 3. Nat. Pres. Mrs. Joshua L. Lewis; 5, Ind. Chmn. Myro Glass; Treas. James Exec. Sec. Rose Zaltsman. Conducts ex- G. Heller. Seeks to settle cantors and Jew- tensive social service, child care, and vo- ish artists and their families in Israel; seeks cational education programs in Israel in to establish a center for festivals of Biblical an environment of traditional Judaism; musical dramas. conducts cultural activities for the pur- PIONEER WOMEN, THE WOMEN'S LABOR pose of disseminating Zionist ideals and ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA, strengthening traditional Judaism in Amer- INC. (1925). 29 E. 22 St., N. Y. C, 10. ica. Cultural Guide; Mizrachi Woman. Pres. Sara Feder. Seeks to build Israel along NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR LABOR ISRAEL cooperative lines and achieve social im- (ISRAEL HISTADRUT CAMPAIGN) (1923). provements in the U. S.; sponsors social 33 E. 67 St., N. Y. C, 21. Nat. Chmn. welfare, agricultural and vocational train- Joseph Schlossberg; Nat. Sec. Isaac Ham- ing and rehabilitation projects in Israel. lin. Provides funds for the various social Pioneer Woman. welfare, vocational, health, cultural, and PLUGAT ALIYAH — HANOAR HATZIONI similar institutions and services of His- (1947). 131 W. 23 St., N. Y. G, 11. tadrut for the benefit of workers and Pres. Jacob Messer. Furthers emigration to immigrants and to assist in the integration Israel and formation of agricultural settle- of newcomers as productive citizens in Is- ments there as a means of building a co- rael; promotes an understanding of the operative society based on principles of aims and achievements of Israel labor social and economic justice and spiritual among Jews and non-Jews in America. fulfillment as Jews. Alon Hamadrich; Ha- Histadrut Foto-News. kol Hakoreh; Kol Hanoar; Niv. , AMERICAN TRADE UNION POALE AGUDATH ISRAEL OF AMERICA, INC. COUNCIL OF (1947). 33 E. 61 St., N. Y. (1948). 147 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. C, 21. Pres. Joseph Breslaw; Exec. Dir. Pres. Samuel Walkin, Samuel Schonfeld, Gregory J. Bardacke. Collects funds, edu- Noah Chodes; Exec. Dir. Shimshon Hel- cates, and solicits moral and political as- ler. Aims to educate and prepare youth sistance from trade union organizations throughout the world to become Orthodox and members for the Histadrut and the chalutzim in Israel; to support Orthodox State of Israel. Histadrut Foto-News. communities in Israel. Yedioth PA1; NATIONAL (1909). 16 E. Shaareinu. 50 St., N. Y. C, 22. Leader Head Joseph , EZRA-IRGUN HANOAR HACHA- Wernik; Senior Head Gerald Hurwitz. REIDI (1953). 147 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, Seeks to develop in the U. S. a Jewish 36. Pres. Gershon Kranzler; Sec. China youth rooted in its heritage and dedicated Gottlieb. Youth organization of the Poale to serving the Jewish people. HaMadrich; Agudath Israel; aims to give children a Senior; Young Judaean. religious, agricultural education in order PALESTINE ECONOMIC CORPORATION, INC. to enable them to become members of or (1926). 400 Madison Ave., N. Y. C, 17. build kibbutzim in Israel. Yedioth Haezra. Chmn. Bd. of Dir. Robert Szold; Exec. -, LEAGUE OF RELIGIOUS SETTLE- V. Pres. Ernest Nathan. Fosters economic MENTS, INC. — CHEVER HAKIBBUTZM development of Israel on a business basis (1951). 147 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. through investments. Annual Report. Pres. Fabi Schonfeld; Sec. Aron Noah Bias- PALESTINE FOUNDATION FUND (KEREN balg. Enables Jewish youth to enter the HAYESOD), INC. (1922). 16 E. 66 St., Orthodox kibbutzim in Israel. N. Y. C, 21. Pres. Benjamin G. Browdy; , POALIM-WOMEN'S DIVISION OF Sec. Irving S. Gait. Fiscal arm of the (1948). 147 W. 42 St., N. Y. C, 36. Jewish Agency for Palestine. Pres. Mrs. Claire Stern; Sec. Mrs. Abram- PALESTINE LIGHTHOUSE, INC. (1928). czyk. Assists Poale Agudath Israel in its 2109 Broadway, N. Y. C, 23. Nat. Pres. efforts to build and support the children's Mrs. Joseph H. Cohen; Exec. Dir. Leonard homes, bate-chalutzim, bate-chalotzot and Neleson. Provides care, occupational train- kindergartens in Israel. ing, and education for the Israel blind PROGRESSIVE ZIONIST LEAGUE-HASHOMER through a rehabilitation center, residential HATZAIR (1947). 38 W. 88 St., N. Y. C, school for children, guide dog foundation 24. Pres. A. Schenker; Treas. Yitzchak and sheltered workshop. Palestine Light- Frankel. Seeks to encourage American house Tower; Year Book. community support for Israel kibbutz PALESTINE PIONEERS FOUNDATION, INC. movement; engages in fund raising for (1946) 276 W. 43 St., N. Y. C, 36. Israel, particularly on behalf of chalutz NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 535

(pioneering) movement; seeks to fight for Louise Hoffman. Provides shelter, voca- rights of Jews everywhere. Israel Horizons tional training, and social adjustment serv- TEL-HAI FUND, INC. (1935). 276 W 43 ices for young women newcomers to Israel. St., N. Y. C, 36. Pres. Leo Wolfson; Women's League for Israel News Bulletin. Treas. Abraham Zweiben. WORLD CONFEDERATION OF GENERAL UNITED CHARITY INSTITUTIONS OF JERU- ZIONISTS (1946). 501 Fifth Ave., N. Y. SALEM, INC. (1903). 207 E. Broadway, C, 17. Pres. Israel Goldstein; Gen. Sec. N. Y. C, 2. Pres. Israel Rosenberg; Sec. Kalman Sultanik. In Israel encourages Morris Eliach. Supports medical and edu- private and collective industry and agricul- cational institutions in Jerusalem. ture; advocates the system of free and uni- , INC. (1927) 41 versal education in Israel, under govern- E. 42 St., N. Y. C, 17. Nat. Chmn. Ru- ment control. Issues monthly bulletins, dolf G. Sonneborn; Exec. Dir. Ellis Radin- pamphlets, booklets and reports in English, sky. Raises funds for Israel's immigration Yiddish, and Spanish. News Bulletin. and resettlement program; chief beneficiary of the UJA campaign; fund-raising repre- ZIONIST ARCHIVES AND LIBRARY OF THE sentative of all Zionist parties as well as PALESTINE FOUNDATION FUND (1939). the Palestine Foundation Fund and the 41 E. 42 St., N. Y. C, 17. Dir. and Li- Jewish Agency. Israel Fotofacts. brarian Sylvia Landress. Serves as an ar- UNITED LABOR ZIONIST PARTY (ACHDUT chive and information service for material HAAVODAH-POALE ZION) (1920; re-org. on Israel, Palestine, the Middle East, and 1947). 305 Broadway, N. Y. C, 7. Nat. Zionism. Palestine and Zionism. Sec. Paul L. Goldman. Seeks to establish a ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA democratic socialist order in Israel and (1897). 145 E. 32 St., N. Y. C, 16. Pres. strengthen the Jewish labor movement in Mortimer May; Sec. and Exec. Dir. Sidney the U. S. Undzer Veg. Marks. Seeks to safeguard the integrity and UNITED STATES COMMITTEE FOR SPORTS independence of Israel as a free and demo- IN ISRAEL (1950). 145 E. 32 St., N. Y. cratic commonwealth by means consistent C, 16. Chmn. Harry D. Henshel; Exec. with the laws of the U. S.; to assist in the Sec. Robert Morrison. Promotes sports and economic development of Israel; and to healthful activities for all of the youth of strengthen Jewish sentiment and conscious- Israel by sending free recreational equip- ness as a people and promote its cultural ment and athletic coaches to Israel. Mac- creativity. American Zionist; American cabiah Report. Zionist News Reporter; Dos Yiddishe UNITED ZIONISTS-REVISIONISTS OF AMER- Folk; Inside Israel; Organization Letter; ICA, INC. (1925). 276 W. 43 St., N. Y. Zionist Information Service. C, 36. Pres. Leo Wolfson; Exec. Dir. Sey- ZIONIST YOUTH COUNCIL (1951). 342 mour Rosenberg. Aims to mobilize support Madison Ave., N. Y. C, 17. Chmn. Shmuel for the establishment of a free Jewish com- Alexander Weinstock. Coordinates and ini- monwealth within the historic boundaries tiates Zionist youth activities of mutual of the land of Israel. interest to the constituent members of the WOMEN'S LEAGUE FOR ISRAEL, INC. council; acts as spokesman and representa- (1928). 1860 Broadway, N. Y. C, 23. tive of Zionist youth in interpreting Israel Pres. Mrs. William Prince; Exec. Sec. to the youth of America. CANADA ACTIONS COMMITTEE OF THE LABOR ZION- Bronfman; Exec. Dir. Martin Newmark. IST MOVEMENT IN CANADA (1939). 5101 Organizes and conducts sale of State of Esplanade Ave., Montreal. Nat. Chmn. M. Israel Bonds in Canada. Dickstein; Gen. Sec. Leon Cheifetz. Co- CANADA-ISRAEL TRADING CORPORATION ordinates the activities and advances the (1951). 2025 University St., Montreal. program of Labor Zionist groups in Can- Pres. Samuel Bronfman. Encourages and ada. Dos Vort. facilitates the financing of the export of AMERICAN FUND FOR ISRAEL INSTITU- vital materials and supplies to Israel. TIONS (CANADA). 1479 Mansfield St., CANADIAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABOR ISRAEL Montreal. Exec. Dir. M. Ladsky. Fund- (1944). 5101 Esplanade Ave., Montreal. raising agency in Canada for leading edu- Pres. S. B. Hurwich; Exec. Dir. A. Shurem. cators; cultural and social welfare agency Conducts fund-raising activities for and in Israel. disseminates information about the Hista- ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH SCHOOLS IN CAN- drut in Israel. Histadrut Photo News; In- ADA (1952). Pres. M. Dickstein. National formative News Bulletins. coordinating agency for Jewish national CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF HEBREW schools in Canada. SCHOOLS (IGUD) (1942). 493 Sher- CANADA-ISRAEL SECURITIES, LTD. 2025 brooke St. W., Montreal. Pres. S. Silver; University St., Montreal. Pres. Samuel Chmn. M. I. Mendelson. National coordi- 536 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK nating agency for Hebrew schools in Can- D. P. Gotlieb; Exec. Dir. Mrs. Zelda Pop- ada. Holiday brochures. kin. Seeks to foster Zionist ideals among CANADIAN COMMITTEE OF JEWISH FEDERA- Jewish women in Canada; conducts child- TIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS (Affiliated care, health, medical, and social welfare with Council of Jewish Federations and activities in Israel. Israel Today; Hadassab Welfare Funds) (1942). 150 Beverley St., Highlights. Toronto. Pres. Ben Sadowski; Sec. Florence JEWISH COLONIZATION ASSOCIATION OF Hutner. Assists Canadian communities in CANADA (1907). 493 Sherbrooke St. W., organizing to meet local, national, and Montreal. Pres. Samuel Bronfman; Sec. overseas Jewish needs, and seeks to improve Leon de Hirsch Levinson. Supervises and such operations. assists Jewish land settlement in Canada. CANADIAN FRIENDS OF THE HEBREW UNI- JEWISH IMMIGRANT AID SOCIETY OF CAN- VERSITY, 2025 University St., Montreal 2. ADA (JIAS) (1922). 4221 Esplanade Pres. Allan Bronfman; Nat. Dir. Samuel Ave., Montreal. Pres. J. Segall; Exec. Dir. R. Risk. Represents and publicizes the He- Joseph Kage. Provides a full program of brew University in Canada; serves as fund- migration counseling and post-arrival social raising arm for the University in Canada. services. JIAS News. Newsletter. JEWISH LABOR COMMITTEE OF CANADA CANADIAN JEWISH CONGRESS (1919; re- (1936). 4848 St. Lawrence Blvd., Mont- org. 1934). 493 Sherbrooke St. W., Mont- real, 14. Chmn. Michael Rubenstein; Dir. real. Nat. Pres. Samuel Bronfman; Nat. Kalman Kaplansky. Aids Jewish and non- Exec. Dir. Saul Hayes. As the recognized Jewish labor institutions overseas; aids vic- national representative body of Canadian tims of oppression and persecution; seeks Jewry, seeks to safeguard the status, rights to combat anti-Semitism and racial and and welfare of Jews in Canada, to combat religious intolerance. Canadian Labor Re- anti-Semitism and promote understanding ports (French and English). and goodwill between all ethnic and reli- JEWISH NATIONAL FUND OF CANADA gious groups; cooperates with other agen- (1900). 2025 University St., Montreal, 2. cies in efforts for improvement of social, Nat. Chmn. Charles Bender; Nat. Exec. economic, and cultural conditions of Jewry Sec. Bernard Figler. Raises funds for re- and mitigation of their sufferings through- demption of land in Israel. out the world, and in helping to rehabili- tate Jewish refugees and immigrants; assists JOINT PUBLIC RELATIONS COMMITTEE OF CANADIAN JEWISH CONGRESS AND B'NAI Jewish communities in Canada in estab- B'RITH IN CANADA (1936). 493 Sher- lishing central community organizations to brooke St. W., Montreal. Nat. Chmn. provide for the social, philanthropic, edu- Jacob Finkelman. Seeks to prevent and cational, and cultural needs of those com- eliminate anti-Semitism and promote better munities. Congress Bulletin. intergroup relations in Canada. CANADIAN JEWISH TEACHERS SEMINARY (1945). 5815 Jeanne Mance St., Montreal. KEREN HATARBUT (HEBREW CULTURE Pres. S. Harvey; Principal J. Slavin. Trains ORGANIZATION OF CANADA). 5815 teachers for all types of Jewish schools. Jeanne Mance St., Montreal. Pres. S. S. CANADIAN ORT FEDERATION (1937). 373 Gordon; Nat. Exec. Dir. L. Kronitz. Seeks St. Catherine St. W. Montreal, Pres. Leon to stimulate the knowledge of the Hebrew D. Crestohl; Exec. Dir. Morris B. Seidel- language and Hebrew culture in Canada. man. Encourages technical trades and ag- Tadpis. riculture among Jews. MIZRACHI ORGANIZATION OF CANADA. CANADIAN YOUNG JUDEA (1917). 5329 5402 Park Ave., Montreal. Pres. H. Tan- Waverley St., Montreal. Pres. Maurice nenbaum; V.P. and Exec. Dir. S. M. Zam- Berg; Exec. Dir. Alex Mongelonsky. Seeks brovsky. Seeks to rebuild Israel as a Jewish to perpetuate the highest ideals of Judaism, commonwealth in the spirit of traditional and to inculcate an interest in Israel and its Judaism, and to strengthen Orthodox Juda- rebuilding. Judaean. ism in the Diaspora. CANPAL-CANADIAN PALESTINE TRADING NATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR ISRAEL AND Co. LTD. (1949). 1231 St. Catherine St. JEWISH REHABILITATION (1950). 2025 W., Montreal, 25. Pres. B. Aaron; Mngr. University St., Montreal, 2. Nat. Chmn. J. Baumholz. Active in promoting trade be- Samuel Bronfman; Nat. Fd. Raising Dir. tween Canada and Israel. Annual Report. J. B. Lightman. Sponsors and organizes FEDERATED COUNCIL OF ISRAEL INSTITU- United Jewish Appeals throughout Canada TIONS (CANADA) . 1499 Bleury St., Mont- for UIA and UJRA (overseas aid). real. Exec. Dir. S. Pollak. Central fund- NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN raising organization for independent reli- OF CANADA. 493 Sherbrooke St. W., gious, educational, and welfare institutions Montreal. Pres. Mrs. Benjamin Robinson; in Israel. Sec. Mrs. L. J. Notkin. Offers program of HADASSAH (WIZO), WOMEN'S ZIONIST community welfare services and education ORGANIZATION OF CANADA (1917). for action in social legislation and welfare 2025 University St., Montreal. Pres. Mrs. in Canada. Canadian Council Woman. NATIONAL JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS 537

PALESTINB ECONOMIC CORPORATION OF refugees and other war victims. Congress CANADA, LTD. (1949). 85 Richmond St. Bulletin. W., Toronto. Pres. Marvin B. Gelber. Af- ZIONIST MEN'S ASSOCIATION OF CANADA fords an instrument through which Ca- (1923). 2025 University St., Montreal. nadian investors may give material aid on Pres. Milton L. Klein. Exec. Dir. Jesse a business basis to productive Israel enter- Schwartz. General Zionist men's organiza- prises. tion in Canada. UNITED JEWISH RELIEF AGENCIES OF CAN- ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF CANADA ADA (affiliated with the AMERICAN JpiNT (1892). 2025 University St., Montreal. DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE) (1939)'. 493 Pres. Edward E. Gelber; Exec. Dir. Jesse Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal. Pres. Samuel Schwartz. Seeks to organize mass support Bronfman; Exec. Dir. Saul Hayes. Federates for the rebuilding of Israel as a Jewish organizations extending relief to Jewish commonwealth. Canadian Zionist. Jewish Federations, Welfare Funds, Community Councils

HIS DIRECTORY is one of a series compiled community council in another. In the main Tannually by the Council of Jewish Federa- these central agencies have responsibility for tions and Welfare Funds. Virtually all of some or all of the following functions: (a) these community organizations are affiliated raising of funds for local, national, and over- with the Council as their national association seas services; (b) allocation and distribution for sharing of common services, interchange of funds for these purposes; (c) coordination of experience, and joint consultation and ac- and central planning of local services, such as tion. family welfare, child care, health, recreation, These communities comprise at least 95 community relations within the Jewish com- per cent of the Jewish population of the munity and with the general community, Jew- United States and about 90 per cent of the ish education, care of the aged, and vocational Jewish population of Canada. Listed for each guidance, to strengthen these services, elim- community is the local central agency—fed- inate duplication and fill gaps; (d) in small eration, welfare fund, or community council and some intermediate cities, direct adminis- —with its address and the names of the presi- tration of local social services. dent and executive director. In the directory, the following symbols are The names "federation," "welfare fund," used: and "" are not (!) Member agency of the Council of definitive and their structures and functions Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds. vary from city to city. What is called a federa- (2) Receives support from Community tion in one city, for example, may be called a Chest.

UNITED STATES ALABAMA ARIZONA ANNISTON PHOENIX 1 FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES; Pres. Ben JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. Applebaum; Sec. Rudy A. Kemp, P. O. surrounding communities) (1940); P. 0. Box 750. Box 7133; Pres. David Bush; Exec. Dir. Hirsh Kaplan. BESSEMER TUCSON i JEWISH WELFARE FUND; P. O. Box 9; 2 Pres. Hyman Weinstein; Exec. Sec. J. S. i. JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1942); Gallinger. 134 S. Tucson Blvd.; Pres. Jacob Frucht- hendler; Exec. Dir. Benjamin N. Brook. BIRMINGHAM 1 UNITED JEWISH FUND (incl. Ensley, Fairfield, Tarrant City) (1937); 700 N. ARKANSAS 18 St. (3); Pres. I. L. Rosen; Exec. Sec. LITTLE ROCK Mrs. Benjamin A. Roth. !.2 JEWISH WELFARE AGENCY (incl. MOBILE England, Levy, North Little Rock) L 2 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION; Pres. (1912); 309 Pyramid Building; Pres. Sid Magnes; Sec.-Treas. Sidney Simon, 459 Arthur O. Sanders; Exec. Dir. Mrs. Sidney Conti St. Rosenberg. MONTGOMERY i ; (1930); Pres. CALIFORNIA Mike Mohr, P. O. Box 631. BAKERSFIELD TRI-CITIES i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF i JEWISH FEDERATED CHARITIES (incl. GREATER BAKERSFIELD (incl. Arvin, Florence, Sheffield, Tuscumbia) (1933); Delano, Shafter, Taft, Wasco) (1937); Co-Chmn. Philip Olim, Louis Rosenbaum; Pres. Benjamin L. Siegel, 1264 Stockton Sec. William Gottlieb, Florence. Ave.; Sec. Mrs. Ethel Ferber. 538 FEDERATIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS 539 FRESNO SAN FRANCISCO IUNITBD JEWISH WELFARE FUND (incl. i. 2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES Fresno, Madera Counties) (1931); spon- (1910); 1600 Scott St. (15); Pres. John sored by JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION; R. Golden; Exec. Dir. Hyman Kaplan. P. 0. Box 1328 (15); Pres. H. M. Gins- burg; Exec. Sec. David L. Greenberg. 1 JEWISH WELFARE FUND (ind. Marin and San Mateo Counties) (1925); Balfour LONG BEACH Bldg., 351 California St. (4); Pres. Walter i UNITED JEWISH WELFARE FUND D. Heller; Exec. Sec. Sanford M. Tregu- (1934); sponsored by JEWISH COMMU- boff. NITY COUNCIL; 2026 Pacific Ave. (6); SAN JOSE Pres. Maurice H. Rosenbaum; Exec. Dir. i. 2 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. Joshua Marcus. Santa Clara County) (1936); Pres. Nathan H. Havlin; Sec. Mrs. Herbert Schwalbe, LOS ANGELES 1269 Magnolia St. i. 2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH WELFARE ORGANIZATIONS (1911); 590 N. Vermont STOCKTON Ave. (4); Pres. Ben Solnit; Exec. Dir. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. Martin Ruderman. Lodi, Tracy, Sonora) (1948); 1345 N. Madison St.; Pres. Forrest Greenberg; Exec. iLos ANGELES JEWISH COMMUNITY Dir. Henry Ruby. COUNCIL (ind. Los Angeles and vicinity) (1934); sponsors UNITED JEWISH WEL- VALLEJO FARE FUND; 590 N. Vermont Ave. (4); JEWISH WELFARE FUND, INC. (1938); Pres. David Coleman; Exec. Sec. Julius P. O. Box 536; Pres. Michael A. Wallin; Bisno. Sec. Nicholas B. Cherney. OAKLAND VENTURA 2 i VENTURA COUNTY JEWISH COUNCIL L JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (incl. Alameda, Berkeley, Emeryville, Hayward, (incl. Camarillo, Fillmore, Ojai, Oxnard, Martinez, Piedmont, Pittsburg, Richmond, Port Hueneme, Santa Paula, Ventura) San Leandro, Central Contra Costa County) (1938); P. O. Box 908, Ventura; Pres. (1945); 724—14 St. (12); Pres. Lawr- Harold L. Straus; Exec. Dir. S. Stern. ence Simon; Exec. Dir. Harry J. Sapper. PETALUMA COLORADO JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL, 740 COLORADO SPRINGS Western Ave.; Pres. Simon Jaffee; Sec. 1 Bernard B. Miran. COLORADO SPRINGS ALLIED JEWISH FUND (1953); Pres. Hyman G. Silver; SACRAMENTO Sec. A. Sam Bloom, 1351 Hillcrest Ave. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF DENVER SACRAMENTO AND SUPERIOR CALIFOR- 1 ALLIED JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL NIA (1935); 403 California Fruit Bldg. (1936); sponsors ALLIED JEWISH CAM- (14); Pres. Alvin Landis; Exec. Dir. PAIGN; 201 Mining Exchange Bldg. (2); Charles T. Shafrock. Pres. Hyman Friedman; Exec. Dir. Nathan SALINAS Rosenberg. MONTEREY COUNTY JEWISH COMMU- NITY COUNCIL (1948); 326 Park St.; Pres. Arthur Soroken; Sec. Miss Louise CONNECTICUT Breslauer. BRIDGEPORT SAN BERNARDINO i BRIDGEPORT JEWISH COMMUNITY 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. COUNCIL (incl. Fairfield, Stratford) Colton, Redlands) (1936); 3512 E. St.; (1936); sponsors UNITED JEWISH CAM- Pres. Norman Feldheym. PAIGN; 360 State St.; Pres. Joseph Goch- ros; Exec. Dir. Mrs. Clara M. Stern. SAN DIEGO 1 UNITED JEWISH FUND (incl. San Diego DANBURY County) (1935); 333 Plaza, Rm. 301 i JEWISH FEDERATION (1945); 30 West (1); Pres. Louis Moorsteen; Exec. Dir. St.; Pres. Walter Werner; Treas. Sidney Albert A. Hutler. Sussman. FEDERATION OF JEWISH AGENCIES HARTFORD (1950)- 333 Plaza, Rm. 301 (1); Pres. 1 JEWISH FEDERATION (1945); 983 Carl M. Esenoff; Exec. Dir. Albert A. Main St. (3); Pres. Samuel Roskin; Exec. Dir. Bernard L. Gottlieb. Hutler. 540 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK MERIDEN ley C. Myers; Exec. Dir. Benjamin B. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1944); 127 Rosenberg. E. Main St.; Pres. Jacob Gottlieb; Sec. Albert N. Troy. ORLANDO 1 CENTRAL FLORIDA JEWISH COMMUNITY NEW BRITAIN COUNCIL (1949); 529 E. Church St.; i NEW BRITAIN JEWISH FEDERATION Pres. Sidney C. Gluckman; Exec. Sec. (1936); 33 Court St.; Pres. Zundie A. Aaron D. Aronson. Finkelstein; Exec. Dir. Gordon B. Alt. PENSACOLA NEW HAVEN i PENSACOLA FEDERATED JEWISH CHAR- i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. ITIES (1942); Pres. Nathan S. Rubin; Hamden, W. Haven) (1928); sponsors Sec. Mrs. C. M. Frenkel, 108 W. Brainard JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1939); 152 St. Temple St. (10); Pres. Louis Feinmark; Exec. Dir. Norman B. Dockman. ST. PETERSBURG JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL; Pres. D. NEW LONDON L. Mendelblatt, Medical Square; Sec. Miss JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF NEW Florence Newman. LONDON (1951); Pres. Joseph Wur- man; Sec. Miss Esther Sulman, 402 Mon- TAMPA tauk Ave. 1 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION OF TAMPA (1941); 325 Hyde Park Ave. STAMFORD (6); Pres. David Cowen; Exec. Dir. i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 132 Prospect Nathan Rothberg. St.; Chmn. Samuel Zales; Exec. Sec. Mrs. Leon Kahn. WEST PALM BEACH 1 FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES OF PALM WATERBURY BEACH COUNTY (1938); 506 Malverne 1 JEWISH FEDERATION OF WATERBURY Road; Pres. Arthur I. Shain; Sec. Samuel (1938); 24 Grand St. (2); Pres. Aaron A. Schutzer. A. Solomon; Exec. Dir. Ralph Segalman.

DELAWARE GEORGIA ATLANTA WILMINGTON i.2 FEDERATION FOR JEWISH SOCIAL i JEWISH FEDERATION OF DELAWARE SERVICE (incl. DeKalb and Fulton Coun- (Statewide) (1935); 100 E. 7 St.; Pres. ties) (1905); 41 Exchange PI. S.E.; Pres. I. B. Finkelstein; Exec. Dir. A. Roke Lieberman. Jacob M. Rothschild; Exec. Dir. Edward M. Kahn. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (ind. DeKalb DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA and Fulton Counties) (1936); 41 Ex- change PI. S.E.; Pres. Frank Garson; Exec. WASHINGTON Sec. Edward M. Kahn. JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF GREATER WASHINGTON (1939); 1420 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL; 41 Ex- New York Ave., N.W. (5); Pres. Aaron change PI. S.E.; Pres. Barney Medina; Goldman; Exec. Dir. Isaac Franck. Exec. Dir. Edward M. Kahn. UNITED JEWISH APPEAL OF GREATER AUGUSTA WASHINGTON, INC. (1935); 1529—16 1 FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES St.; N.W. (6); Pres. Leopold V. Freud- (1943); Richmond County Courthouse; berg; Exec. Dir. Louis E. Spiegler. Chmn. Lee Blum; Sec. Howard P. Jolles. COLUMBUS 1 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (1941); FLORIDA 408 Murrah Bldg.; Pres. Victor Kralfy; JACKSONVILLE Sec. Lawrence S. Rosenstrauch. i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. MACON Jacksonville Beach) (1935); 425 Newnan i FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIBS St. (2); Pres. Philip N. Coleman; Exec. (1942); P. O. Box 237; Pres. Alvin Dir. Ben Stark. Koplin. MIAMI SAVANNAH i GREATER MIAMI JEWISH FEDERATION i SAVANNAH JEWISH COUNCIL (1943); (ind. Dade County) (1938); 420 Lin- sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL AND coln Road, Miami Beach (39); Pres. Stan- FEDERATION CAMPAIGN; P. O. Box 104; FEDERATIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS 541 Pres. Samuel Robinson; Exec. Dir. Paul ILLINOIS (ind. all of Illinois south of Kulick. Carlinville) (1942); 435 Missouri Ave., East St. Louis; Pres. Jacob J. Altman; VALDOSTA Exec. Dir. Hyman H. Ruffman. i JEWISH JOINT COMMUNITIES CHARITY FUND OF THE FLORIDA BORDER REGION SPRINGFIELD (ind. Adel, Homerville, Nashville, Quit- !.2 JEWISH FEDERATION (incl. Ashland, man); Chmn. Al H. Siskin, 117 W. Hill; Athens, Atlanta, Jacksonville, Lincoln, Sec.-Treas. Abe Pincus. Pana, Petersburg, Pittsfield, Shelbyville, Taylorville, Winchester) (1941); 730 East Vine St.; Pres. Michael Eckstein; IDAHO Exec. Dir. Miss Dorothy Wolfson. BOISE i SOUTHERN IDAHO JEWISH WBLFARE INDIANA FUND (1947); P. O. Box 700; Pres. Milton Birnbaum. EAST CHICAGO i EAST CHICAGO COUNCIL OF JEWISH WELFARE FUNDS; Pres. Edward Singer; ILLINOIS Fin. Sec. Simon Miller, 3721 Main St., AURORA Indiana Harbor. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1935); 20 N. Lincoln Ave.; Pres. Irving Lisberg; Sec. EVANSVILLE Zalmon Goldsmith. i JBWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1936); 100 Washington Ave.; Pres. Alan Bren- CHICAGO tano; Exec. Sec. Milton Greenwald. i. 2 JEWISH FEDERATION (1900); 231 FORT WAYNE S. Wells St. (4); Pres. Mortimer B. Harris; i. 2 FORT WAYNE JEWISH FEDERATION Exec. Dir. Samuel A. Goldsmith. (ind. surrounding communities) (1922); i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1936); 231 204 Strauss Bldg. (2); Pres. Chester M. S. Wells St. (4); Pres. Frederick W. Leopold; Exec. Dir. Joseph Levine. Straus; Sec. Samuel A. Goldsmith. GARY DECATUR i JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (incl. 1 JEWISH FEDERATION; Pres. Emanuel Crown Point) (1940); 844 Broadway; Rosenberg; Sec. Mrs. Sam Loeb, 22 Pres. William H. Stern; Exec. Dir. Frank Edgewood Court. H. Newman. ELGIN HAMMOND 1 JEWISH WELFARE CHEST (ind. St. i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL OF HAMMOND,. Charles) (1938); Pres. Warren Rubnitz, INC. (1939); Pres. Hyman Shneider; Exec. 202 S. Grove St.; Treas. Irvin Berman. Sec. Mrs. Ulrick B. Steuer, 246 Belden PL, JOLIET Munster. 1 JOLIET JEWISH WELFARE CHEST (ind. INDIANAPOLIS Coal City, Dwight, Lockport, Morris, i. 2 JBWISH WELFARE FEDERATION Wilmington) (1938); 226 E. Clinton St.; (1905); 615 N. Alabama St. (4); Pres. Pres. Irving Greene; Sec. Morris M. Maurel Rothbaum; Exec. Dir. Oscar A. Hershman. Mintzer. PEORIA LAFAYETTE 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL AND i FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES (ind. FUND (ind. Canton, Pekin) (1933); 245 Attica, Crawfordsville) (1924); Pres. N. Perry Ave. (3); Pres. David Citron; Itzak Walerstein, 1334 Sunset Lane, West Exec. Dir. Abraham F. Citron. Lafayette; Sec. Mrs. Sara Belman. ROCK ISLAND-MOLINE MARION 1 MARION FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARI- UNITED JEWISH FEDERATION OF ROCK ISLAND & MOLINE (1938); 1804—7th TIES (incl. Grant County) (1935); Pres. Ave.; Pres. Albert K. Livingston; Sec. Mrs. Sam Fleck; Sec. Mrs. Barbara Resneck. E. Brody. SOUTH BEND i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF ST. ROCKFORD JOSEPH COUNTY (1946); 308 Plan Bldg.; i JEWISH COMMUNITY BOARD (1937); Pres. Mrs. A. H. Freedman; Exec. Dir. 1502 Parkview; Pies. Philip Behr; Exec. Norman Edell. Dir. Allan Bloom. JEWISH WELFARB FUND (1937); 308 SOUTHERN ILLINOIS Platt Bldg.; Pres. Arthur S. Simon; Exec 1 JEWISH FEDERATION OF SOUTHBRN Dir. Norman Edell. 542 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK TERRE HAUTE MONROE 1 JEWISH FEDERATION OF TERRE HAUTE i UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES OF NORTH- (incl. Marshall, Paris) (1922); Pres. EAST LOUISIANA (1938); P. O. Box 1168, Gershon Loeser; Sec. Mrs. Ernestine Blum, Pres. Maurice Glazer; Sec.-Treas. J. S. 1101 S. Sixth St. Garelick. NEW ORLEANS IOWA i. 2 JEWISH FEDERATION OF NEW OR- LEANS (1913); 211 Camp St. (12); Pres. CEDAR RAPIDS M. E. Poison; Exec. Dir. Benjamin B. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1941); 1947 Goldman. Washington Ave. S.E.; Pres. Norman G. 1 NEW ORLEANS JEWISH WELFARE FUND Lipsky; Sec. Maurice L. Nathanson. (1933); 211 Camp St. (12); Pres. Henry DAVENPORT Maslansky; Exec. Sec. Benjamin B. Gold- 1 JEWISH CHARITIES (1921); 12th & man. Mississippi Ave.; Pres. Ben Comenitz; Sec. SHREVEPORT Martin Zion. i JEWISH FEDERATION (1941); 802 Cot- DES MOINES ton St. (6); Pres. Jacques L. Wiener; 1 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (1914); Exec. Dir. Maurice Klinger. 507 Empire Bldg. (9); Pres. Ellis Levitt; Exec. Dir. Sidney Speiglman. MAINE SIOUX CITY 1.2 JEWISH FEDERATION (1943); P. O. BANGOR Box 1468; Pres. Marvin Klass; Exec. Dir. 2 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. Oscar Littlefield. Old Town, Orono, and outlying towns); 28 Somerset St.; Pres. Max S. Kominsky; WATERLOO Exec. Dir. Milton Lincoln. 1 WATERLOO JEWISH FEDERATION PORTLAND (1941); Pres. Harry Strom, 745 Prospect 1 Blvd. JEWISH FEDERATION (1942); sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 341 Cumber- land Ave.; Pres. Arthur M. Waterman; KANSAS Exec. Dir. Jules Krems. TOPEKA 1 TOPEKA-LAWRENCE JEWISH FEDERA- MARYLAND TION (ind. Emporia, Lawrence, St. Marys) (1939); Pres. Meyer Tkatch; Sec. Louis BALTIMORE Pozez, 626 Kansas Ave. i ASSOCIATED JEWISH CHARITIES (1920); 319 W. Monument St. (15); Pres. Isaac WICHITA Hamburger; Exec. Dir. Harry Greenstein. 1 MID-KANSAS JEWISH WELFARE FEDER- ATION (incl. August, El Dorado, Eureka, i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1941); 319 Dodge City, Great Bend, Hosington, W. Monument St. (15); Pres. Lee L. Hutchinson, McPherson) (1935); Pres. Dopkin; Exec. Dir. Harry Greenstein. W. C. Cohen; Exec. Dir. Harold A. Zelin- CUMBERLAND koff, 904 Central Bldg. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND OF WESTERN MARYLAND (incl. Frostburg, Oakland, Md. and Keyser, W. Va.) (1939); Pres. KENTUCKY Leonard C. Schwab; Sec. Robert Kaplon, LOUISVILLE P. O. Box 327. 1 CONFERENCE OF JEWISH ORGANIZA- TIONS (incl. Jeffersonville, New Albany, MASSACHUSETTS Ind.) (1934); sponsors UNITED JEWISH CAMPAIGN; 622 Marion E. Taylor Bldg. BOSTON (2); Chmn. Sam J. Beierfield; Exec. Dir. i. 2 ASSOCIATED JEWISH PHILANTHRO- Clarence F. Judah. PIES, INC. (central planning, coordinating and budgeting agency for 22 local health, welfare, educational and group work agen- LOUISIANA cies) (1895); 72 Franklin St. < 10); Pres. ALEXANDRIA Benjamin Ulin; Exec. Dir. Sidney S. Cohen. i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1938); i COMBINED JEWISH APPEAL OF GREAT- P. O. Box 612; Pres. Irving Goldstein; ER BOSTON, INC. (central fund-raising Sec. Mrs. J. C. Jackson. agency for support of local, national, over- FEDERATIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS 543 seas, and Israel agencies for Boston and FUND; 1160 Dickinson St.; Pres. Irving surrounding communities) (1947); 72 M. Cohen; Exec. Dir. Benjamin Wolf. Franklin St. (10); pres. Jacob L. Wise- man; Exec. Dir. Sidney S. Cohen. WORCESTER 1 JEWISH FEDERATION (1946); sponsors JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF MET- JEWISH WELFARE FUND; 274 Main St. ROPOLITAN BOSTON (1944); 44 School (8); Pres. Jacob Hiatt; Exec. Dir. Melvin St. (8); Pres. Lewis H. Weinstein; Exec. Cohen. Dir. Robert E. Segal. BROCKTON 1 UNITED JEWISH APPEAL CONFERENCE MICHIGAN (ind. Rockland, Stoughton, Whitman) (1939); 66 Green St.; Chmn. William BAY CITY Bronstein; Exec. Sec. Harry Minkoff. 1 NORTHEASTERN MICHIGAN JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (incl. East Tawas, FALL RIVER Midland, West Branch) (1940); Pres. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1938); Herman Koffman; Sec. Mrs. Dorothy B. sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL, INC.; Sternberg, 201 Cunningham Bldg. 41 N. Main St.; Pres. Louis Hornstein; Chmn. UJA—Teavy Udis. BF.NTON HARBOR FITCHBURG JEWISH COMMUNITY FUND OF BERRIEN 1 COUNTY, INC. (1942); Pres. Ivan B. JEWISH FEDERATION OF FITCHBURG Goode, RR2, Coloina. (1939); 66 Day St.; Pres. Philip Salny. HOLYOKE DETROIT 1 1.2 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION COMBINED JEWISH APPEAL OF HOLY- (1926); sponsors ALLIED JEWISH CAM- OKE (incl. Easthampton) (1939); 378 PAIGN; Fred M. Butzel Memorial Bldg., Maple St.; Pres. Monte Feinstein; Exec. 163 Madison (26); Pres. Samuel H. Ru- Dir. Samuel Soifer. biner; Exec. Dir. Isidore Sobeloff. LAWRENCE 1 FLINT JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF 1 GREATER LAWRENCE (1939); sponsors JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1936); UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 48 Concord St.; 810 Sill Building (3); Pres. Louis Kasle; Pres. Abraham Rappaport; Exec. Dir. Mark Exec. Dir. Irving Antell. Mazel. GRAND RAPIDS LEOMINSTER 1.2 JEWISH COMMUNITY FUND (1940); 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1939); 516 Hoyt St. S.E.; Pres. Samuel Kravitz; Pres. Seymour Tharler; Sec. Mrs. Freda Sec. Mrs. W. J. Simon. Selig, 90 N. Main St. KALAMAZOO LOWELL KALAMAZOO JEWISH WELFARE COUN- 1 UNITED JEWISH APPEAL OF LOWELL CIL, INC. (1949); Pythian Bldg.; Sec. Ben (1940); 105 Princeton St.; Pres. Edwin Graham. Braverman; Exec. Dir. Joseph Warren. LANSING LYNN i JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION OF 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY FEDERATION OF LANSING (1939); Pres. Henry Fine; GREATER LYNN (incl. Lynnfield, Marble- Sec. Mrs. H. P. Spiegelman, Porter Hotel head, Nahant, Saugus, Swampscott) (15). (1938); 45 Market St.; Pres. Willy Nord- wind; Exec. Dir. Albert M. Stein. MUSKEGON UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES OF GREATER NEW BEDFORD MUSKEGON (1941); c/o B'nai Israel Tem- JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION OF ple, 4th and Webster; Pres. Abe Ashen- GREATER NEW BEDFORD (1949); 388 dorf; Treas. Leo Rosen. County St.; Pres. Arthur Goldys; Exec. Dir. Saul Richman. PONTIAC 1 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION & PITTSFIELD COUNCIL OF PONTIAC (1936); 1014 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. Pontiac State Bank Bldg. (15); Pres. Ben- Dalton, Lee, Lenox, Otis) (1940); 235 jamin Bisgeier; Sec. H. Malcolm Kahn. East St.; Pres. Sidney M. Ze£f; Exec. Dir. Herman Shukovsky. SAGINAW SPRINGFIELD i JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (incl. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1938); surrounding communities) (1939); Sec. sponsors UNITED JEWISH WELFARE Isadore Lenick, 400 Atwater St. 544 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK MINNESOTA NEBRASKA DULUTH LINCOLN i JEWISH FEDERATION AND COMMUNITY i.2 JBWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (incl. COUNCIL (1937); 416 Fidelity Bldg. (2); Beatrice) (1931); 1109 Federal Securities Pres. Arnold R. Nides; Exec. Dir. Mrs. Bldg. (8); Pres. Max Rosenblum; Dir. Harry W. Davis. Louis B. Finkelstein. MINNEAPOLIS OMAHA i MINNEAPOLIS FEDERATION FOR JEWISH i.2 FEDERATION FOR JEWISH SBRVICB SERVICE (1931); 512 Nicollet Bldg., (1903); sponsors JEWISH WELFARE FUND Room 718; Pres. Arthur C. Melamed; (1930); 101 N. 20 St. (2); Pres. J. Exec. Sec. Martin M. Cohn. Harry Kulakofsky; Exec. Dir. Paul Veret. ST. PAUL i UNITED JEWISH FUND AND COUNCIL NEW HAMPSHIRE (1935); 311 HammBldg. (2); Pres. Leon- ard H. Heller; Exec. Dir. Dan S. Rosen- MANCHESTER berg. i. 2 JEWISH COMMUNITY CENTER; spon- sors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 698 Beech MISSISSIPPI St.; Pres. J. Morton Rosenblum; Exec Dir. Ben Rothstein. GREENVILLE i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1952); 512 Main St.; Pres. William Friedman; Sec. NEW JERSEY Roy Hanf. ATLANTIC CITY MERIDIAN i FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES JEWISH WELFARE FUND; Co-Chmn. (1924); sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL Meyer Davison, Lee Meyer; Sec.-Treas. OF ATLANTIC COUNTY; Medical Science Max Mushlin. Bldg., 101 S. Indiana Ave.; Pres. Morris Batzer; Exec. Dir. Irving T. Spivack. VICKSBURG BAYONNE i JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (ind. Anguilla and Cary) (1937); 1209 Cherry i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1938); St.; Pres. Louis L. Switzer; Sec.-Treas. Sam sponsors UNITED JEWISH CAMPAIGN; L. Kleisdorf. 1050 Boulevard; Pres. Samuel J. Penchan- sky. CAMDEN MISSOURI i. 2 JEWISH FEDERATION OF CAMDEN COUNTY (incl. all of Camden Community) JOPLIN (1922); sponsors ALLIED JEWISH AP- i JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION, INC. PEAL; 112 N. 7 St. (2); Pres. William (incl. surrounding communities) (1938); Lipkin; Exec. Dir. Bernard Dubin. P. O. Box 284; Pres. Samuel Rosenberg; Sec. Dexter Brown. ELIZABETH i ELIZABETH JEWISH COUNCIL (1940); KANSAS CITY sponsors ELIZABETH UNITED JEWISH AP- i.2 JEWISH FEDERATION AND COUNCIL PEAL; 1034 E. Jersey St.; Pres. Abraham OF GREATER KANSAS CITY (incl. Inde- Rocker; Exec. Dir. Louis Kousin. pendence, Mo. & Kansas City, Kan.) (1933); 425 New York Life Bldg. (5); HACKENSACK Pres. Harry L. Jacobs; Exec. Dir. Abe L. i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL OF HACKEN- Sudran. SACK, INC. (1940); 211 Essex St.; Pres. Sidney Goldberg; Sec. Irving Warshawsky. ST. JOSEPH JERSEY CITY i FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES (1916); i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL (1939); 604 2208 Francis St.; Pres. I. H. Droher; Exec. Bergen Ave. (4); Chmn. George R. Mil- Sec. Mrs. S. L. Goldman. stein; Act. Exec. Sec. Abraham Taifer. ST. LOUIS NEW BRUNSWICK !.2 JEWISH FEDERATION OF ST. LOUIS i JEWISH FEDERATION OF NEW BRUNS- (incl. St. Louis County) (1901); 613 WICK, HIGHLAND PARK & VICINITY Locust St. (1); Pres. Irvin Bettman, Jr.; (1948); 1 Liberty St.; Pres. Mrs. Irving Exec. Dir. Herman L. Kaplow. Sosin; Exec. Dir. Josef Perlberg. FEDERATIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS 545 NEWARK JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1937); 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF 155 Front St.; Pres. David Levene; Exec. ESSEX COUNTY (1922); sponsors UNITED Dir. Joseph Moseson. JEWISH APPEAL OF ESSEX COUNTY (1937); 30 Clinton St. (2); Pres. Louis BUFFALO Stern; Exec. Dir. Herman M. Pekarsky. i.2 UNITED JEWISH FEDERATION OF BUFFALO, INC. (1903); Sidway Bldg., PASSAIC 775 Main St. (3); Pres. Arthur Victor, 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF PAS- Jr.; Exec. Dir. Arthur S. Rosichan. SAIC-CLIFTON AND VICINITY (incl. Gar- field, Lodi, Wellington) (1933); sponsors ELMIRA UNITED JEWISH CAMPAIGN; 184 Wash- 1 ADVISORY COUNCIL OF JEWISH COM- ington PI.; Pres. Sylvan Strauss; Exec. Dir. MUNAL LEADERSHIP (1942); Federation Max Grossman. Bldg.; Pres. Lester M. Jacobs; Exec. Dir. Mortimer Greenberg. PATERSON i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1933); GLENS FALLS sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL DRIVE; GLENS FALLS JEWISH WELFARE FUND 390 Broadway (1); Pres. Albert H. Slater; (1939); Chmn. Moe Bittman; Fin. Sec. Exec. Dir. Max Stern. Joseph Saidel, 206 Glen St. PERTH AMBOY GLOVERSVILLE i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. 2 JEWISH COMMUNITY CENTER OF FUL- South Amboy) (1938); sponsors UNITED TON COUNTY (ind. Johnstown); 28 E. JEWISH APPEAL; 316 Madison Ave.; Pres. Fulton St.; Pres. Isaac Zaleon; Exec. Dir. Emil Gelber; Exec. Dir. Martin E. Danzig. Rubin Lefkowitz. PLAINFIELD HUDSON i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF THE 1 PLAINFIELDS (1937); sponsors UNITED JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1947); 414 JEWISH APPEAL; 403 W. 7 St.; Pres. Warren St.; Pres. Samuel Siegel; Sec. Joel David Srager; Exec. Dir. Aaron Allen. Epstein. TRENTON KINGSTON 1 JEWISH FEDERATION (1929); 18 S. i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL, INC.; Stockton St. (10); Pres. Irvin J. Millner; 265 Wall St.; Pres. Herman J. Eaton; Exec. Exec. Dir. Milton A. Feinberg. Dir. S. Lewis Gaber. MIDDLETOWN 1 UNITED JEWISH APPEAL (1939); c/o NEW MEXICO Middletown Hebrew Association, 13 Lin- den Ave.; Chmn. Louis Schwartz; Exec. ALBUQUERQUE Dir. Moshe V. Goldblum. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (Albuquerque and vicinity) (1938); Pres. Herman NEW YORK CITY Bloch; Exec. Sec. Mrs. Rana Adler, 2416 i. 2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILAN- Pennsylvania Ave. N.E. THOPIES OF NEW YORK (ind. Greater New York, Westchester, Queens, and Nassau Counties) (1917); 130 E. 59 St. NEW YORK (22); Pres. Salim L. Lewis; Exec. Vice- Pres. Maurice B. Hexter, Joseph Willen. ALBANY 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL, INC. i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL OF GREATER (1938); 78 State St. (7); Pres. Sidney NEW YORK (incl. New York City and LaCholter; Exec. Dir. Sydney Abzug. metropolitan areas and Westchester, Queens, Nassau and Suffolk Counties) JBWISH WELFARE FUND (incl. Rens- (1939); 220 W. 58 St. (19); Pres. selaer); 78 State St. (7); Chmn. Charles Monroe Goldwater; Exec. Vice-Pres. Henry Lieberman; Exec. Dir. Sydney Abzug. C. Bernstein, Samuel Blitz. AMSTERDAM BROOKLYN JEWISH COMMUNITY COUN- i FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES; CIL (1939); 16 Court St., Brooklyn (1); Pres. Samuel L. Siegal; Sec. Samuel H. Pres. Daniel Gutman; Exec. Dir. Chaim Fox, 58 E. Main St. I. Essrog. BINGHAMTON NEWBURGH i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 155 Front St.; i UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES (1925); Chmn. Joseph M. Levene; Exec. Dir. 360 Powell Ave.; Pres. Ernest M. Levinson; Joseph Moseson. Exec. Dir. Murray Gunner. 546 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK NIAGARA FALLS GREENSBORO i JEWISH FEDERATION, INC. (1935); 685 i GREENSBORO JEWISH UNITED CHARI- Chikon Ave.; Pres. Samuel I. Porrath; TIES, INC.; Pres. Ben Cone; Sec. Mrs. Ben Exec. Dir. Mrs. May Chinkers. Krieger, 2603 W. Market St. PORT CHESTER HENDERSONVILLE i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1941); JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1946); Pres. sponsors UNITED JEWISH CAMPAIGN; 258 Jack Schulman; Sec.-Treas. Morris Kaplan, Willett Ave.; Pres. Morris Levine; Exec. 527 Justice St. Dir. David Shuer. WINSTON-SALEM POUGHKEEPSIE i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1941); 54 N. WINSTON-SALEM, INC. (1937); 201 Hamilton St.; Pres. Maurice Sitomer; Exec. Oakwood Dr. (5); Pres. Fred Burk; Sec. Dir. Julius Dorfman. Ernst J. Conrad. ROCHESTER 1 UNITED JEWISH WELFARE FUND NORTH DAKOTA (1937); 129 East Ave.; Pres. Fred S. For- man; Exec. Dir. Elmer Louis. FARGO JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL; 129 East 1 FARGO JEWISH FEDERATION (ind. Ave.; Pres. Arthur M. Lowenthal; Exec. Jamestown, Moorhead, Valley City, Wah- Dir. Elmer Louis. peton) (1939); Pres. L. P. Goldberg; Sec. SARANAC LAKE I. Papermaster, P. O. Box 492. JEWISH COMMUNITY CENTER; 13 Church St.; Pres. Morris Dworski; Sec. Joseph OHIO Goldstein. SCHENECTADY AKRON 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. i. 2 JEWISH SOCIAL SERVICE FEDERATION surrounding communities) (1938); spon- (1914); Strand Theatre Bldg., 129 S. sors SCHENECTADY UJA AND FEDERATED Main St. (8); Pres. Charles E. Schwartz; WELFARE FUND; 300 Germania Ave. (7); Exec. Dir. Nathan Pinsky. Pres. Alexander Diamond; Exec. Dir. Sam- 1 JEWISH WELFARE FUND OF AKRON uel Weingarten. (incl. Barberton, Cuyahoga Falls) (1935); SYRACUSE Strand Theatre Bldg., 129 S. Main St. (8); 1 JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION, INC. Pres. Harry Sugar; Exec. Dir. Nathan (1918); sponsors JEWISH WELFARE FUND Pinsky. (1933); 201 E. Jefferson St. (2); Pres. Samuel Greene; Exec. Dir. Gerald S. CANTON Soroker. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND, INC. (1935); 1528 Market Ave. N. (4); Pres. Arthur TROY Genshaft; Exec. Dir. Leonard Sebrans. 1TROY JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL, INC. (incl. Green Island, Mechanicville, CINCINNATI Waterford, Watervliet) (1936); 87 First i JEWISH WELFARE FUND; 1430 Central St.; Pres. Marvin Katz; Exec. Sec. Fred A. Parkway; Pres. Philip Steiner; Exec. Dir. Glass. Maurice J. Sievers. UTICA i UNITED JEWISH SOCIAL AGENCIES 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1933); (1896); 1430 Central Parkway; Pres. sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL OF Frederick Rauh; Exec. Dir. Maurice J. UTICA; 110 Foster Bldg., 131 Genesee St. Sievers. (2); Pres. Samuel Leventhal; Exec. Dir. James M. Senor. FEDERATION OF JEWISH AGENCIES (1946); 1430 Central Parkway; Pres. Her- bert R. Bloch; Exec. Dir. Maurice J. Sievers. NORTH CAROLINA CLEVELAND CHARLOTTE L 2 JEWISH COMMUNITY FEDERATION OF 1 FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES CLEVELAND (1903); 1001 Huron Rd. (1940); P. O. Box 2612; Pres. Sidney (15); Pres. Max Freedman; Exec. Dir. Levin; Sec. David Hoffman. Henry L. Zucker. GASTONIA COLUMBUS i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1944); c/o 1 UNITED JEWISH FUND (1925); 55 E. Temple Emanuel, 320 South St.; Pres. State St. (15); Pres. Troy A. Feibel; Exec. Robert J. Gurney. Dir. Maurice Bernstein. FEDERATIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS 547 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1940); communities) (1920); 1643 S.W. 12th 55 E. State St. (15); Pres. Joseph Zox; Ave. (1); Pres. Justin N. Reinhardt; Exec. Dir. Maurice Bernstein. Exec. Sec. Milton Goldsmith. DAYTON i OREGON JEWISH WELFARE FUND !.2 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF (1936); 1643 S.W. 12th Ave. (1); Pres. DAYTON (1943); 1123 Knott Bldg. (2); Alfred J. Davis; Sec. Milton Goldsmith. Pres. Ralph N. Kopelove; Exec. Dir. Robert Fitterman. LIMA PENNSYLVANIA 1 FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES OF LIMA ALLENTOWN DISTRICT (1935); P. O. Box 152; Pres. 1 JEWISH FEDERATION OF ALLENTOWN; Yale Bloom; Sec. Joseph E. Berk. 245 N. 6 St.; Pres. Morris Senderowitz, Jr.; LORAIN Exec. Dir. George Feldman. JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1938); Pres. ALTOONA Edward J. Gould; Sec. Harold Margolis, i, 2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILAN- 1816 E. 28 St. THROPIES (1920); 1308—17 St.; Pres. STEUBENVILLE R. Charles Klatzkin; Exec. Dir. Arthur 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. Hurwitz. Mingo Junction, Toronto) (1938); 314 BUTLER National Exchange Bank Bldg.; Pres. Mor- i BUTLER JEWISH WELFARE FUND (ind. ton Lincoff; Treas. Isaac Adler. Butler County, Chicora, Evans City, Mars) TOLEDO (1938); 225 E. Cunningham St.; Pres. i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1936); Saul Bernstein; Sec. Maurice Horwitz. 308 Frumkin Bldg. (2); Pres. Harvey Fain; Exec. Dir. Alvin Bronstein. CHESTER 1 UNITED JEWISH FUND (1948); 308 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1939); Frumkin Bldg. (2); Pres. Abe J. Levine; sponsors UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 8th Exec. Dir. Alvin Bronstein. and Welsh Sts.; Pres. Nathan V. Plafker. WARREN COATESVILLE i JEWISH FEDERATION (incl. Niles) COATESVILLE JEWISH FEDERATION (1938); Pres. Eugene Kay; Sec. Maurice (1941); Pres. Benjamin Krasnick; Sec. I. Browm, 600 Roselawn Ave., N.E. Benjamin Rabinowitz, 1104 Sterling St. YOUNGSTOWN EASTON !.2 JEWISH FEDERATION OF YOUNGS- i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1939); TOWN, INC. (incl. Boradman, Campbell, sponsors ALLIED WELFARE APPEAL; 660 Girard, Lowellville, Struthers) (1935); Ferry St.; Pres. Mrs. Chief Levine; Sec. 505 Gypsy Lane; Pres. Marvin H. Itts; Jack Sher. Exec. Dir. Stanley Engel. ERIE L 2 JEWISH COMMUNITY WELFARE OKLAHOMA COUNCIL (1946); 133 W. 7 St.; Pres. ARDMORE Max Wolff; Exec. Dir. Herman Roth. 1 JEWISH FEDERATION (1934); Co-Chmn. HARRISBURG Sidney Yaffe, 23 B St., S.W., Max Rober- i UNITED JEWISH COMMUNITY (ind. son, 412 I St., S.W. Carlisle, Lykens, Middletown, Steelton) OKLAHOMA CITY (1933); 1110 N. 3rd St.; Pres. Milton i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1941); M. Cohen; Exec. Dir. Albert Hursh. 312 Commerce Exchange Bldg. (1); Pres. HAZLETON Erwin Alpern; Exec. Dir. Julius A. Graber. JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL; sponsors TULSA FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES DRIVE; JTULSA JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL Laurel and Hemlock Sts.; Pres. I. T. Klap- (1938); sponsors UNITED JEWISH CAM- per; Exec. Dir. Bernard Natkow. PAIGN; Castle Bldg., 114 W. 3 St. (1); JOHNSTOWN Pres. Elliott Davis; Exec. Dir. Emil Salo- i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL; V. P. Samuel H. Cohen, 801 Viewmont Ave.; Seymour S. Silverstone, 602 U. S. Bank OREGON Bldg. PORTLAND LANCASTER 1.2 FEDERATED JEWISH SOCIETIES (ind. 1 UNITED JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL State of Oregon and adjacent Washington (incl. Lancaster County excepting Ephrata) 548 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK (1928); 219 E. King St.; Pres. Lewis Washington Trust Bldg.; Pres. Ben H. Siegel; Exec. Dir. Irving Ribner. Richman; Sec. A. L. Stormwind. WILKES-BARRE McKEESPORT 1 UNITED JEWISH FEDERATION (1940); WYOMING VALLEY JEWISH COMMITTEE 302 Masonic Bldg.; Pres. Robert Amper. (1935); sponsors UNITED JEWISH AP- PBAL; 60 South River St.; Pres. Maurice NORRISTOWN D. Brandwene; Sec. Louis Smith. L 2 JBWISH COMMUNITY CENTER; Brown & Powell Sts.; Pres. Louis J. Davis; Exec. YORK Dir. Harold M. Kamsler. i UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 120 E. Market St.; Co-Chmn. Ben Layetan, Joseph E. PHILADELPHIA Rubin; Sec. Joseph Sperling. iALLIED JEWISH APPEAL (1938); 1511 JEWISH ORGANIZBD CHARITIES (1928); Walnut St. (2); Pres. Myer Feinsteia; 120 E. Market St.; Pres. Mose Leibowitz; Exec. Dir. Ephraim Gomberg. Exec. Sec. Joseph Sperling. i. 2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES (1901); 1511 Walnut St. (2); Pres. Bernard L. Frankel; Exec. Dir. Miss Fran- RHODE ISLAND ces N. Harrison. PROVIDENCE PITTSBURGH i GENERAL JEWISH COMMITTEE OF i. 2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILAN- PROVIDENCE, INC. (incl. East Greenwich, THROPIES (incl. surrounding communities) East Providence, West Warwick, Bristol) (1912); 200 Ross St. (19); Pres. Irwin (1945); 203 Strand Bldg. (3); Act. D. Wolf; Exec. Dir. Maurice Taylor. Pres. Joseph W. Ress; Exec. Dir. Joseph Galkin. 1 UNITED JBWISH FUND (ind. surround- ing vicinity) (1936); 200 Ross St. (19); WOONSOCKET Pres. Louis J. Reizenstein; Exec. Sec. 1 WOONSOCKET UNITED JEWISH APPEAL, Maurice Taylor. INC. (1949); P. O. Box 52; Chmn. Mor- ton Darmon; Sec. Herman Lantner. POTTSVILLE 1 UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES (incl. Mi- nersville, Pine Grove, St. Clair, Schuylkill SOUTH CAROLINA Haven) (1935); 508 Mahantongo St.; Co-Chmn. E. M. Diamond, Al Rosen- CHARLESTON krantz; Treas. Mrs. Leon N. Mandell. i JBWISH WELFARE FUND; 58 St. Philip St. (10); Pres. Karl Karesh; Exec. Sec READING Nathan Skulman. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1935); sponsors UNITBD JEWISH CAMPAIGN; 134 COLUMBIA N. 5 St.; Pres. Max Fisher; Exec. Sec. FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES; Co- Harry S. Sack. Chmn. M. B. Kahn, 2428 Wheat St., Cole- man Karesh, 3000 Amherst Ave. SCRANTON i SCRANTON-LACKAWANNA JEWISH SUMTER COUNCIL (incl. Lackawanna County) SUMTER JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1936); 440 Wyoming Ave.; Pres. Irving (1941); Pres. Milton Schlesinger; Sec. J. Harris; Exec. Sec. George Joel. A. Levy, 32 Frank Clarke. SHARON !SHENANGO VALLEY JEWISH FEDERA- SOUTH DAKOTA TION (ind. Greenville, Grove City, Sharon, Sharpsville, Pa.) (1940); 1312 Griswold SIOUX FALLS Way; Sec. Bernard Goldstone. i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (ind. Flan- SUNBURY dreau, Madison, S. D.; Jasper, Luverne, UNITED JEWISH APPEAL; 249 Arch St.; Pipestone, Minn.) (1938); 255 Boyce Pres. Leonard Apfelbaum; Treas. Robert Greeley Bldg.; Pres. Ned A. Etkin; Treas. Weis. Louis R. Hurwitz. UNIONTOWN 1 UNITED JEWISH FEDERATION (ind. TENNESSEE Masontown) (1939); Pres. A. L. Lust- haus, Stockton Ave.; Sec. Irving N. Linn. CHATTANOOGA i JEWISH WELFARE FEDERATION (1931); WASHINGTON 511 E. 4 St. (3); Pres. Louis Winer; Exec. FBDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES; 733 Dir. Fred A. Liff. FEDERATIONS AND WELFARE FUNDS 549 KNOXVILLE Pres. Harvey H. Goldblum; Treas. Sam i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1939); 621 Wyde. W. Vine Ave. (1); Chmn. David M. Blumberg; Treas. I. Rosenblatt. SAN ANTONIO i. 2 JEWISH SOCIAL SERVICE FEDERATION MEMPHIS (ind. Bexar County) (1924); 307 Aztec i.2 FEDERATION OF JEWISH WELFARE Bldg. (5); Pres. Herman Glosserman; AGENCIES (ind. Shelby County) (1906); Exec. Dir. Louis Lieblich. Ten North Main Bldg. (3); Pres. Nathan Dermon; Exec. Sec. Jack Lieberman. TYLER 1 FEDERATED JEWISH WELFARE FUND l JEWISH WBLFARB FUND (ind. Shelby (1938); Pres. Abe Laves; Sec.-Treas. Isa- County) (1934); Ten North Main Bldg. dor Frenkle, People's National Bank Bldg. (3); Pres. Sidney Perlberg; Exec. Dir. Jack Lieberman. WACO !.2 JEWISH WELFARE COUNCIL (1929); NASHVILLE Pres. Edward Fred; Sec. Abbye L. Freed, i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (ind. 19 Jr., 3882 Huaco Lane. communities in Middle Tennessee) (1936); sponsors JEWISH WELFARE FUND; 3500 West End Ave. ( 5 ); Pres. Dan May; Exec. UTAH Dir. Sam Hatow. SALT LAKE CITY i UNITED JEWISH COUNCIL (1936); 907 First Security Bank (1); Pres. Max Siegel; TEXAS Exec. Dir. Philip M. Stillman. AUSTIN 1 JEWISH FEDERATION (1939); Pres. Saul VERMONT Gellman; Sec. Louis L. Hirschfeld, P. O. Box 1064. VERMONT JEWISH COUNCIL; Pres. Jacob Handler, 134 Crescent St., Rutland; Sec. CORPUS CHRISTI Jacob Kaplan. JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL; 1806 South Alameda; Pres. Ben D. Marks; Exec. Dir. Harold H. Benowitz. VIRGINIA DALLAS HAMPTON L2 JBWISH WELFARE FEDERATION i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. (1911); 1817 Pocahontas St. (1); Pres. Phoebus) (1944); 18 Armistead Ave., Bernard Schaenen; Exec. Dir. Jacob H. Phoebus; Pres. Milton Familant; Sec. Allan Kravitz. Mirvis. EL PASO NEWPORT NEWS 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1942); surrounding communities) (1939); 401 98—26 St.; Pres. Theodore H. Beskin; Mills Bldg.; Pres. Albert J. Schwartz; Exec. Exec. Dir. Charles Olshansky. Dir. Victor Grant. NORFOLK FORT WORTH i NORFOLK JEWISH COMMUNITY COUN- 1 JEWISH FEDERATION OF FORT WORTH CIL, INC. (1937); 700 Spotswood Ave. (1936); 308 Burk Burnett Bldg. (2); (7); Pres. Hyman H. Block; Exec. Dir. Pres. Maurice Rabinowitz; Exec. Dir. Eli Morton J. Gaba. Fahn. PETERSBURG GALVESTON i UNITED JEWISH COMMUNITY FUND 1 GALVESTON UNITED JEWISH WELFARE (1938); Co-Chmn. Louis Hersh and ASSOCIATION (1936); P. O. Box 146; Morton Sollod; Sec. Alex Sadie, 1651 Pres. Joe Swiff; Sec. Mrs. Ray Freed. Fairfax Ave. HOUSTON RICHMOND 1 JBWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF MET- i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1935); ROPOLITAN HOUSTON (incl. neighboring 2110 Grove Ave. (20); Pres. Irvin communities) (1937); sponsors UNITED Markel; Exec. Dir. Julius Mintzer. JEWISH CAMPAIGN; 2020 Hermann Drive (4); Pres. Martin Nadelman; Exec. Dir. Albert Goldstein. WASHINGTON PORT ARTHUR SEATTLE 1 FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES AND i FEDERATED JEWISH FUND & COUNCIL WELFARE FUNDS (1936); P. O. Box 442; (ind. surrounding communities) (1937); 550 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 725 Seaboard Bldg. (1); Pres. Richard WISCONSIN Weisfield; Exec. Dir. Samuel G. Holcen- berg. KENOSHA SPOKANE i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1938); 306 i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. Kenosha National Bank Bldg.; Pres. Wil- Spokane County) (1927); sponsors liam L. Lipman; Treas. Burton Lepp. UNITED JEWISH FUND (1936); 400 Title Bldg. (1); Pres. Albert Weiland; Sec. MADISON Robert N. Arick. 1 MADISON JEWISH WELFARE FUND, INC. (1940); 119 E. Washington Ave. (3); TACOMA Pres. Harry Epstein; Exec. Dir. Bert Jahr. i FEDERATED JEWISH FUND (1936); Pres. Jerry Spellman, 1122 Broadway (2). MILWAUKEE i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1938); 135 W. Wells St. (3); Pres. Harry L. Epstein; WEST VIRGINIA Exec. Dir. Elkan C. Voorsanger. CHARLESTON i FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES OF RACINE CHARLESTON, INC. (incl. Dunbar, Mont- 1 JEWISH WELFARE COUNCIL (1946); gomery) (1937); 804 Quarrier St.; Pres. Pres. Robert Goodman; Sec. Manny Brown, Lawrence C. Kaufman Jr.; Exec. Sec. 314—6th St. Charles Cohen. SHEBOYGAN HUNTINGTON 1 FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES, INC. i FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES (1939); (1927); Pres. Leon Friede; Fin. Sec. P. O. Box 947; Pres. M. D. Friedman; Nathan Schoenkin, 2038 N. 13th St. Sec. Treas. E. Henry Broh. WHEELING SUPERIOR i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (incl. 1 JEWISH FEDERATION; Pres. Hyman Moundsville) (1933); Pres. John Wise- Greenblatt; Sec. B. D. Schneider, 1115 man; Sec. Arthur Gross, 3 Locust Ave. Hammond Ave.

CANADA

BRITISH COLUMBIA LONDON 1 LONDON JEWISH COMMUNITY COUN- VANCOUVER CIL; 216 Dundas Bldg. Pres. Harold Vais- i JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL OF ler; Exec. Sec. A. B. Gillick. VANCOUVER (incl. New Westminster) (1932); 2675 Oak St. (9); Pres. J. V. NIAGARA FALLS White; Exec. Dir. Louis Zimmerman. 1 JEWISH FEDERATION; Pres. H. D. Ros- berg; Sec. J. Shainfield, 1645 Ferry St. MANITOBA ST. CATHARINES 1 UNITED JEWISH WELFARE FUND OF ST. WINNIPEG CATHARINES (1939); 174 St. Paul St.; i JEWISH WELFARE FUND (1938); 370 Pres. Jack Engel; Sec. Howard Kaimin. Hargrave St.; Pres. Saul M. Cherniack; Exec. Dir. Aaron B. Feld. TORONTO 1 UNITED JEWISH WELFARE FUND OF TORONTO (1937); 150 Beverley St. ONTARIO (2B); Pres. D. Lou Harris; Exec. Dir. HAMILTON Florence Hutner. i UNITED JEWISH WELFARE FUND WINDSOR (1939); 5J Delaware Ave.; Co-Chmn. 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1938); Archie Levine, Philip Rosenblatt; Exec. 405 Pelissier St., Suite 4; Pres. Harry Vex- Dir. Louis Kurman. ler; Exer. Dir. Khayyam Z. Paltiel. COUNCIL OF JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS (1934); 57 Delaware Ave.; Pres. George QUEBEC Rosenblood; Exec. Dir. Louis Kurman. MONTREAL KINGSTON 1 FEDERATION OF JEWISH COMMUNITY 1 JEWISH COMMUNITY COUNCIL (1947); SERVICES (1916); 493 Sherbrooke St. Pres. Sheldon J. Cohen; Sec. A. de S. W.; Pres. Philip Garfinkle; Exec. Dir. Pimontel, 26 Barrie St. Donald B. Hurwitz. Jewish Periodicals1

UNITED STATES

ALABAMA CONNECTICUT JEWISH MONITOR (1948). P.O.B. 9, Bes- CONNECTICUT JEWISH LEDGER PUBLICA- semer. Joseph S. Gallinger. Monthly. TIONS, INC. (1929). 179 Allyn St., Hart- ford. Abraham J. Feldman. Weekly. JEWISH ARGUS (1935). 62 Cannon St., ARIZONA Bridgeport, 3. Isidore H. Goldman. Monthly. PHOENIX JEWISH NEWS (1947). 528 W. Granada Rd., Phoenix. Joseph S. Stocker. Bimonthly. DELAWARE JEWISH VOICE (1931). 604 W. 38 St., Wilmington, 2. Simon R. Krinsky. CALIFORNIA Monthly. B'NAI B'RITH MESSENGER (1897). 739 S. Hope St., Los Angeles, 17. David Weiss- man. Weekly. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CALIFORNIA JEWISH VOICE (1921). 406 S. Main St., Los Angeles, 13. Samuel B. AMERICAN JEWISH JOURNAL (1944). 996 Gach. Weekly. National Press Bldg., Washington, 4. JEWISH COMMUNITY BULLETIN (consoli- David Mondzac. Quarterly. dated with EMANU-EL) (1946). 40 First JEWISH VETERAN (1930). 1712 New St., San Francisco, 5. Eugene B. Block. Hampshire Ave., N.W., Washington, 9- Weekly. Warren Adler. Monthly. Jewish War •JEWISH STAR (1949). 1119 Mission St., Veterans of the U.S.A. San Francisco, 3. NATIONAL JEWISH LEDGER (1930). 836 LITERARISHE HEFTN (1946). 10143 Tower Building, 14 & K Sts., N. W., Mountair Ave., Tujunga. Boris Dimond- Washington, 5. Kay C. Gerber. Weekly. stein. Quarterly; Yiddish. NATIONAL JEWISH MONTHLY (1886). 1003 SOUTHWESTERN JEWISH PRESS (1915). K St., N. W., Washington, 1. Edward 333 Plaza Bldg., San Diego 1. Maxwell E. Grusd. Monthly. B'nai B'rith. Kaufman. Fortnightly. VALLEY JEWISH NEWS (1944). 5730 Lankershim Blvd., North Hollywood. Jess Nathan. Weekly. FLORIDA AMERICAN JEWISH PRESS. See News Syn- dicates, p. 557. COLORADO JEWISH FLORIDIAN (1927). 120 N.E. 6 St., Miami, 18. Fred K. Shochet. Weekly. INTERMOUNTAIN JEWISH NEWS (1912). OUR VOICE (1932). 506 Malverne Rd., Mining Exchange Bldg., Denver, 2. Robert West Palm Beach. Samuel A. Schutzer. S. Gamzey. Weekly. Fortnightly.

1 Periodicals which have been in existence at least one year prior to June 30, 1954, are included in this directory. Information is based upon answers furnished by the publications themselves and the publishers of the YEAR BOOK assume no responsibility for the accuracy of the data presented; nor does inclusion in this . » i .._^__/*j.L_ . . • .1 T _ . 1 _ ' 1 'l_ — . C _«.J * _k_>___l_l«J —I 1 . — T _l^_ 552 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK SOUTHERN JEWISH WEEKLY (1924). P. O. MARYLAND Box 5588, Jacksonville, 7. Isadore Mos- covitz. Weekly. JEWISH TIMES (1919). Ill N. Charles St., Baltimore, 1. Bert F. Kline. Weekly.

GEORGIA MASSACHUSETTS SOUTHERN ISRAELITE NEWSPAPER AND JEWISH ADVOCATE (1902). 251 Causeway MAGAZINE (1925). 390 Courtland St., St., Boston, 14. Alexander Brin, Joseph N. E., Atlanta, 3. Adolph Rosenberg. Weekly and Bimonthly. G. Weisberg. Weekly. JEWISH CIVIC LEADER (1923). 11 Norwich St., Worcester, 8. Irving J. Coven. Weekly. JBWISH TIMES (1945). 318 Harvard St., ILLINOIS Brookline, 46. Michael Shulman. Weekly. JEWISH WEEKLY NEWS (1945). 38 Hamp- CHICAGO ISRAELITE (1884). 116 S. Michi- den St., Springfield, 3. Leslie B. Kahn. gan Ave., Chicago, 3- Weekly. CHICAGO JEWISH FORUM (1942). 82 W. Washington St., Chicago, 2. Benjamin Weintroub. Quarterly. MICHIGAN JEWISH WAY-UNDZER WEG (1946). 3159 W. Roosevelt Rd., Chicago, 12. Nathan AMERICAN JEWISH PRESS. See News Syn- Kravitz. Monthly; English-Yiddish. dicates, p. 557. NATIONAL JEWISH POST—Chicago Edn. DETROIT JEWISH NEWS (incorporating DB- (1953). 130 N. Wells St., Chicago 6. Ga- TROIT JEWISH CHRONICLB) (1941). briel M. Cohen. Weekly. 17100 West Seven Mile Road, Detroit, SENTINEL (1911). 1702 S. Halsted St., 35. Philip Slomovitz. Weekly. Chicago, 8. J. I. Fishbein. Weekly. MINNESOTA

INDIANA AMERICAN JEWISH WORLD—Minneapolis- St. Paul (1912). 735 Palace Bldg., 40 S. INDIANA JEWISH CHRONICLE (1921). 152 4 St., Minneapolis, 1; 709 Pioneer Bldg., N. Alabama St., Indianapolis, 4. Morris St. Paul, 1. L. H. Frisch. Weekly. Strauss. Weekly. ST. PAUL JEWISH NEWS (1953). Finch JEWISH BULLETIN (1944). 2947 Ruckle Bldg., 366 Wacouta St., St. Paul, 1. Harry St., Indianapolis, 5. Samuel Deutsch. Bi- L. Kraines. Monthly. weekly. NATIONAL JEWISH POST—Indiana Edn. (1935). Box 1633, Indianapolis, 6. Ga- briel M. Cohen. Weekly. MISSOURI KANSAS CITY JEWISH CHRONICLE (1920). 306 Ridge Bldg., 913 Main St., Kansas IOWA City, 5. Victor Slone. Weekly. NATIONAL JEWISH POST—Missouri Edn. • IOWA JEWISH NEWS (1931). 1200 Sixth (1948). 722 Chestnut St., St. Louis, 1. St., Des Moines. Rose V. Gordon. Weekly. NATIONAL JEWISH POST—Iowa Edn. ST. LOUIS JEWISH TRIBUNE (1943). 722 (1952). 525 14 St., Sioux City. Weekly. Chestnut St., St. Louis, 1. Herman Schach- ter. Monthly.

KENTUCKY NEBRASKA

NATIONAL JEWISH POST—Kentucky Edn. JBWISH PRESS (1921). 101 N. 20 St., (1931). 423 Citizens Bldg., Louisville, Omaha, 2. Harry Halpert. Weekly. Fed- 2. Gabriel M. Cohen. Weekly. eration for Jewish Service.

NEW JERSEY LOUISIANA * JBWISH NEWS (1947). 24 Commerce St., JEWISH LEDGER (1893). 608 Dryades St., Newark, 2. New Orleans, 12. Abraham Slabot. JEWISH RECORD (1939). 200 Central Bldg., Weekly. Atlantic City. Sara W. Singer. Weekly. JEWISH PERIODICALS 553

JEWISH STANDARD (1931). 924 Bergen THE DAY-JEWISH JOURNAL (1914). 183 Ave., Jersey City, 6. Meyer Pesin. Weekly. E. Broadway, 2. Solomon Dingol, David L. Meckler. Daily; Yiddish. ECONOMIC HORIZONS. See ISRAEL ECO- NEW YORK NOMIC HORIZONS. FACTS AND OPINIONS (1941). 25 E. 78 BUFFALO JEWISH REVIEW (1912). 35 St., 21. Joseph Kissman. Monthly; Yid- Pearl St., Buffalo, 2. Elias R. Jacobs. dish. Jewish Labor Committee. Weekly. FARBAND NEWSLETTER (1912). 45 E. 17 •JEWISH CHRONICLB (1941). 639 S. State St., 3. Louis Segal. Irregular. Yiddish- St., Syracuse, 3. English. Farband-Labor Zionist Order. JEWISH LEDGER (1924). 32 South Ave., FRBIB ARBEITER STIMME (1890). 33 Rochester, 4. Donald Wolin. Weekly. Union Sq., 3. Solo Linder. Bi-weekly; Yiddish. Free Voice of Labor Association. LONG ISLAND JEWISH PRESS (combining NASSAU JEWISH TIMES) (1946). 149 FURROWS (1942). 45 E. 17 St., 3. Steve N. Franklin St., Hempstead. Eugene J. Jay, David Breslau, Daniel Mann. Bi- Lang. Monthly. monthly. Habonim, Labor Zionist Youth. WESTCHESTER JEWISH TRIBUNE (1950). GROWING UP (1953) 201 E. 57 St., 22. 113 So. 3 Ave., Mount Vernon. Eugene Leonard R. Sussman. Fortnightly. J. Lang. Monthly. HABONEH (1935). 45 E. 17 St., 3. Maier Deshell. Monthly. Habonim Labor Zionist Youth. * HADAR (1938). 276 W. 43 St., 36. NEW YORK CITY HADASSAH NBWSLBTTER (1921). 136 W. 52 St., 19. Jesse Zel Lurie. Monthly. Ha- AMERICAN ACADEMY FOR JBWISH RE- dassah, the Women's Zionist Organiza- SEARCH, INC., PROCEEDINGS OF (1930). tion of America. 3080 Broadway, 27. Abraham S. Halkin. HADOAR HEBREW WEEKLY (1921). 165 Annual; English-Hebrew. American Acad- W. 46 St., 36. M. Maisles. Weekly; He- emy for Jewish Research. brew. AMERICAN HEBREW (1879). 48 W. 48 HADOAR LANOAR (1926). 165 W. 46 St., St., 36. Leo M. Glassman. Weekly. 36. Simha Rubinstein. Fortnightly; He- AMERICAN JEWISH HOME (1949). 3920 Laurel Ave., Brooklyn, 24. Arnold Posy. brew. Histadruth Ivrith, Inc. Monthly. Brooklyn Kosher Butchers Assn., HAROFE HAIVRI-HEBREW MEDICAL JOUR- Inc. NAL (1926). 983 Park Ave., 28. Moses Einhorn. Semiannual; Hebrew-English. AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK (1899). 386 Fourth Ave., 16. Morris Fine. An- HISTADRUT FOTO-NBWS (1948). 33 E. 67 nual. St., 21. Nahum Guttman. Monthly. Na- AMERICAN JUDAISM (formerly LIBERAL tional Committee for Labor Israel. JUDAISM, JEWISH LAYMAN, TOPICS AND HISTORIA JUDAICA (1938). 40 W. 68 St., TRENDS) (1951). 838 Fifth Ave., 21. 23. Guido Kisch. Semiannual. Samuel M. Silver. Quarterly. Union of HOREB (1933). Yeshiva University, 186 American Hebrew Congregations. St. and Amsterdam Ave., 33. Pinkhos AMERICAN ZIONIST (formerly NEW PALES- Churgin, Abraham Weiss. Annual; He- TINE) (1921). 145 E. 32 St., 16. Mar- brew. Alumni Fund of the Teachers In- vin Lowenthal, Ernest E. Barbarash. Semi- stitute of Yeshiva University. monthly. Zionist Organization of America. IN JEWISH BOOKLAND (1945). 145 E. 32 AUFBAU-RECONSTRUCTION (1934). 2700 St., 16. Solomon Grayzel. Monthly. Jew- Broadway, 25. Manfred George. Weekly; ish Book Council of America. German-English. New World Club, Inc. ISRAEL DIGEST (1951). 11 E. 70 St., 21. BIT2ARON (1939). 1141 Broadway, 1. David I. Marmor. Weekly. Israel Office Maurice E. Chernowitz. Monthly; Hebrew. of Information. BROOKLYN JEWISH CENTER REVIEW ISRAEL ECONOMIC HORIZONS (1949). 16 (1933). 667 Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, E. 66 St., 21. Ernest M. Aschner. Month- 13. Joseph Kaye. Monthly. Brooklyn Jew- ly. Jewish Agency for Palestine. ish Center. ISRAEL—LIFE AND LETTERS (1945). 267 CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN W. 71 St., 23. Itzhak Norman. Monthly. RABBIS YEARBOOK (1889). 40 W. 68 American Fund for Israel Institutions. St., 23. Bertram W. Korn. Annual. Cen- ISRAEL SPEAKS (1947; re-org. 1948). 34 tral Conference of American Rabbis. Park Row, 38. Aaron Decter. Semi- COMMENTARY (1945). 34 W. 33 St., 1. monthly. Elliot E. Cohen. Monthly. American Jew- JEWISH AUDIO-VISUAL REVIEW (1951). ish Committee. 1776 Broadway, 19- Samuel D. Freeman. CONGRESS WEEKLY (1935). 15 E. 84 St., Cumulative Annual. National Council on 28. Samuel Caplan. Weekly. American Jewish Audio-Visual Materials. Jewish Congress. JEC BULLETIN (1943). 1776 Broadway, 554 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 19. Louis L. Ruffman. Four to six times 21. Emanuel Gamoran. Quarterly. Union a year. Jewish Education Committee of of American Hebrew Congregations. New York. JEWISH TELEGRAPH AGENCY, INC. See JEWISH BOOK ANNUAL (1942). 145 E. News Syndicates, p. 557. 32 St., 16. Sol Liptzin. Annual; English- JEWISH TELEGRAPHIC AGENCY DAILY Hebrew-Yiddish. Jewish Book Council of NEWS BULLETIN (1919). 660 First Ave., America. 16. Boris Smolar. Daily; English-Yiddish. JEWISH BRAILLE REVIEW (1931). 101 W. JEWISH TELEGRAPHIC AGENCY WEEKLY 55 St., 19. Jacob Freid. Monthly; English NEWS DIGEST (1933). 660 First Ave., Braille. Jewish Braille Institute. 16. Boris Smolar. Weekly. JEWISH DAILY FORWARD (1897). 175 E. JEWISH VETERAN. See under District of Broadway, 2. Harry Rogoff. Daily; Yid- Columbia. dish. (Eastern edn., Baltimore; Western JEWISH WAY (1939). 870 Riverside Dr., edn., Chicago.) Forward Association. 32. Alice Oppenheimer. Monthly; Ger- JEWISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN (1917). man. 231 W. 58 St., 19. Boris Smolar. Daily. JUDAISM (1952). 15 E. 84 St., 28. Robert JEWISH DAILY YIDDISH BULLETIN (1922). Gordis. Quarterly. American Jewish Con- 660 First Ave., 16. Aleph Katz. Daily; gress. Yiddish. Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc. KINDER JOURNAL (1920). 22 E. 17 St., JEWISH EDUCATION (1928). 1776 Broad- 3. Lipa Lehrer. Bimonthly; Yiddish. Sho- way, 19- Israel S. Chipkin. Triannual. lem Aleichem Folks Institute. National Council for Jewish Education. KINDER ZEITUNG (1930). 175 E. Broad- JEWISH EDUCATION REGISTER AND DIREC- way, 2. Z. Yefroikin. 5 times a year; TORY (1951). 1776 Broadway, 19. Judah Yiddish. Workmen's Circle. Pilch. Irregular. American Association for KOSHER BUTCHERS VOICE (1933). 935 Jewish Education. Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, 13. Arnold JEWISH EXAMINER (1929). 427 Flatbush Posy. Weekly; English and Yiddish. Ave. Ext., Brooklyn, 1. Louis D. Gross. Brooklyn Kosher Butchers Assn., Inc. Weekly. KOSHER FOOD GUIDE (1935). 105 Hudson JEWISH FARMER (1908). 386 Fourth Ave., St., 13. George Goldstein. Quarterly. 16. Benjamin Miller. Monthly; English- Yiddish. Jewish Agricultural Society, Inc. KULTUR UN DERTZIUNG-CULTURE AND EDUCATION (1930). 175 E. Broadway, JEWISH FORUM (1917). 305 Broadway, 7. 2. Z. Yefroikin. 7 times a year; Yiddish. Isaac Rosengarten. Monthly. Workmen's Circle. JEWISH FRONTIER (1934). 45 E. 17 St., 3. Marie Syrkin. Monthly. LONG ISLAND JEWISH PRESS. See New JEWISH HORIZON (1938). 154 Nassau St., York Srate. 38. A. Leo Levin, Chmn. Edit. Bd. MENORAH JOURNAL (1915). 20 E. 69 St., Monthly. Hapoel Hamizrachi of America. 21. Henry Hurwitz. Quarterly. JEWISH LIFE (1946). 22 E. 17 St., 3. MIZRACHI OUTLOOK (formerly JBWISH Louis Harap. Monthly. OUTLOOK) (1936). 1133 Broadway, 10. JEWISH LIFE [ORTHODOX] (1946). 305 Abraham Burstein. Bimonthly. Mizrachi Broadway, 7. Saul Bernstein. Bimonthly. Organization of America. Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations DER MIZRACHI WEG (1936). 1133 Broad- of America. way, 10. Aaron Pechenick. Bimonthly; •JEWISH MAIL (1950). 43 Canal St., 2. Yiddish. Mizrachi Organization of Amer- JEWISH NEWSLETTER (1948). P. O. Box ica. 117, Washington Bridge Station, 33. MORNING FREIHEIT (1922). 35 E. 12 St., William Zukerman. Fortnightly. 3. Paul Novick. Daily; Yiddish. JEWISH OUTLOOK. See MIZRACHI OUT- MUSAF LAKORE HATZAIR (1945). 165 W. LOOK. 46 St., 36. Chaim Leaf. Biweekly; He- JEWISH PARENT (1949). 5 Beekman St., brew; Hadoar Association, Inc. 38. Joseph Kaminetsky. 5 times a year. NATIONAL JEWISH POST—Nat. Edn. National Association of Hebrew Day (1946). 110 W. 40 St. Gabriel M. Schools PTA's. Cohen. Weekly. JEWISH SOCIAL SERVICE QUARTERLY NEW PALESTINE. See AMERICAN ZIONIST. (1924). 1841 Broadway, 23. Herbert H. NBW YORKER WOCHENBLAT (1935). 41 Aptekar. Quarterly. National Conference Union Sq., 3. Isaac Liebman. Weekly; of Jewish Communal Service. Yiddish. JEWISH SOCIAL STUDIES (1939). 1841 * OHOLIM (1942). 175 E. Broadway, 2. Broadway, 23. Salo W. Baron, Koppel Samuel H. Setzer. S. Pinson. Quarterly. Conference on Jew- OIFN SHVEL (1941). 310 W. 86 St., 24. ish Relations. I. N. Steinberg. Monthly; Yiddish. JEWISH SPECTATOR (1935). 110 W. 40 OLOMEINU-OUR WORLD (1945). 5 Beek- St., 18. Trude Weiss-Rosmatin. Monthly. man St., 38. Bernard Merling. Monthly, JEWISH TEACHER (1932). 838 Fifth Ave., English-Hebrew. Torah Umesorah. JEWISH PERIODICALS 555 OPINION (1931). 1123 Broadway, 10. annual; Yiddish-English. United Galician Earle D. Marks. Bimonthly. Jews of America. OUR VOICE. See UNZER STIMME. UNZER TSAIT (1941). 25 E. 78 St., 21. PALESTINE AND ZIONISM (1946). 41 E. Emanuel Scherer. Monthly; Yiddish. 42 St., 17. Sylvia Landress. Bimonthly. DER WECKER (1921). 175 E. Broadway, Zionist Archives and Library of the Pales- 2. I. Levin-Shatzkes. Fortnightly; Yiddish. tine Foundation Fund. Jewish Socialist Verband. PEDAGOGIC REPORTER (1949). 1776 Broad- WESTCHESTER JEWISH TRIBUNE. See New way, 19. Zalmen Slesinger. Bimonthly. York State. American Association for Jewish Educa- WORLD OVER (1940). 1776 Broadway, 19. tion. Ezekiel Schloss, Morris Epstein. Fort- PEDAGOGISHER BULLETIN (1941). 1776 nightly. Jewish Education Committee of Broadway, 19. Yudel Mark. 8 times a New York. year; Yiddish. Jewish Education Com- •Dos WORT LIBRARY (1934). 175 E. mittee of New York. Broadway, 2. PIONEER WOMAN (1926). 29 E. 22 St., YEDIES FUN YIVO-NEWS OF THE YIVO 10. Helen Atkin. Monthly & Bimonthly; (1925). 535 W. 123 St., 27. Shlomo English-Yiddish-Hebrew. Pioneer Women, Noble. Quarterly; Yiddish-English. Yid- the Women's Labor Zionist Organization dish Scientific Institute—YIVO. of America. Dos YIDDISHE FOLK (1909). 145 E. 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE RABBINICAL ASSEM- St., 16. Simon Bernstein, Chmn. Bd. Ed. BLY OF AMERICA (1927). 3080 Broad- Monthly; Yiddish. Zionist Organization way, 27. Max Weine. Annual. Rabbin- of America. ical Assembly of America. YIDDISHE KULTUR (1938). 189 Second PROGRAM IN ACTION (1950). 1776 Broad- Ave., 3. Nachman Mayzel. Monthly; Yid- way, 19. Judah Pilch. Bimonthly. Amer- dish. Yiddisher Kultur Farband. ican Association for Jewish Education. Dos YIDDISHE VORT (1949). 5 Beekman PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN JEWISH St., 38. Joseph Friedenson. Monthly; Yid- HISTORICAL SOCIETY (1893). 3080 dish. Agudath Israel of America. Broadway, 27. Isidore S. Meyer. Quarterly. YIDDISHER KEMFER (1905). 45 E. 17 St., American Jewish Historical Society. 3. Jacob Gladstone, Mordechai Shtrigler, QUBENS JEWISH NEWS (1949). 129 W. Baruch Zuckerman, B. Sherman. Weekly; 52 St., 19. Eugene J. Lang. Monthly. Yiddish. Labor Zionist Organization Poale RABBINICAL COUNCIL QUARTERLY (1953). Zion. 331 Madison Ave., 17. Gilbert Klaper- YIDISHE SHPRAKH (1941). 535 W. 123 man. Quarterly. Rabbinical Council of St., 27. Yudl Mark. Quarterly; Yiddish. America. Yiddish Scientific Institute—YIVO. RECONSTRUCTIONIST (1934). 15 W. 86 YIDISHER FOLKLOR (1954). 535 W. 123 St., 24. Eugene Kohn. Fortnightly. St., 27. Edit. Com. Eleanor G. Mlotek, SEVEN ARTS FEATURE SYNDICATE. See Beatrice Weinreich, Uriel Weinreich, News Syndicates, p. 557. Wolf Younin. Semiannual; Yiddish-Eng- SHEVTLEY HAHINUCH (1939). 1776 Broad- lish. Y. L. Cahan Folklore Club of the way, 19. Zvi Scharfstein. Quarterly; He- Yiddish Scientific Institute—YIVO. brew. National Council for Jewish Edu- Yivo ANNUAL OF JEWISH SOCIAL SCIENCE cation. (1946). 535 W. 123 St., 21. Koppel S. STUDENT ZIONIST (1925). 131 W. 14 St., Pinson. Annual. Yiddish Scientific Insti- 11. Eric Goldhagen. Quarterly. Inter- tute—YIVO. collegiate Zionist Federation of America. Yivo BLETER (1931). 535 W. 123 St., SYNAGOGUE LIGHT (1933). 12 Dutch St., 27. Ed. Bd. S. Niger-Charney, Leibush 38. Joseph Hager. Monthly. Lehrer, Jacob Shatzky. Annual; Yiddish. SYNAGOGUE SCHOOL (1942). 3080 Broad- Yiddish Scientific Institute—YIVO. way, 27. Abraham E. Millgram. Quarterly. YOUNG GUARD (formerly YOUTH AND United Synagogue Commission on Jewish NATION) (1934). 38 W. 88 St., 24. Education. Avraham Udovitch. Monthly; English- TALPIOTH (1943). 186 St. and Amster- Hebrew. Hashomer Hatzair. dam Ave., 33. Samuel K. Mirsky. Quar- YOUNG ISRAEL VIEWPOINT (1912). 3 W. terly; Hebrew. Yeshiva University. 16 St., 11. Norman Cohen. Bimonthly. TECHNION YEARBOOK (1942). 1000 Fifth National Council of Young Israel. Ave., 28. Sydney Gross. Annual. Amer- YOUNG JUDAEAN (1910). 16 E. 50 St., ican Technion Society. 22. Millicent Rubenstein. 8 issues a year. UNDZER VEG (1925). 305 Broadway, 7. Young Judaea. Charles Freilich, Paul L. Goldman. Fort- YOUTH AND NATION. See YOUNG GUARD. nightly; Yiddish. United Labor Zionist ZUKUNFT (1892). 25 E. 78 St., 21. Party. H. Levick, A. Menes, J. Pat; Mng. Ed. UNZER STIMME-OUR VOICE (1940). 175 N. B. Minkoff. Monthly; Yiddish. Con- Fifth Ave., 10. Solomon Kerstein. Bi- gress for Jewish Culture. 556 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK NORTH CAROLINA CCAR JOURNAL (1952). 224 No. 15 St., Philadelphia, 2. Abraham J. Klausner. AMERICAN JEWISH TIMES-OUTLOOK Quarterly. Central Conference of Amer- (1935; re-org. 1950). P. O. Box 1469, ican Rabbis. Greensboro. Chester A. Brown. Monthly. JEWISH CRITERION (1893). 422 First Ave., CAROLINA ISRAELITE (1940). P. O. Box Pittsburgh, 19. Milton K. Susman. 2505, 223 Builders Bldg., Charlotte, 1. Weekly. Harry L. Golden. Monthly. JEWISH EXPONENT (1887). 246 S. 15 St., Philadelphia, 2. Arthur Weyne. Weekly. JEWISH HERALD (1937). 422 Hamilton OHIO St., Allentown. Isidore Lederman. Monthly. AMERICAN ISRABLITE (1854). 626 Broad- JEWISH PICTORIAL LEADER (1887). 1210 way, Cincinnati, 2. Henry C. Segal. Berger Bldg., Pittsburgh, 19. Louis Yale Weekly. Borkon. Monthly. •AMERICAN JEWISH ARCHIVES (1948). JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW (1910). 3101 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, 20. Broad and York Sts., Philadelphia, 32. EVERY FRIDAY (1927). 1313 American Abraham A. Neuman, Solomon Zeitlin. Bldg., Cincinnati, 2. Samuel M. Schmidt. Quarterly. Dropsie College for Hebrew Weekly. and Cognate Learning. HEBREW UNION COLLEGE ANNUAL PHILADELPHIA JEWISH TIMES (1925). (1924). 3101 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, 1928 Spruce St., Philadelphia, 3. Jeff 20. Abraham Cronbach, Sec. Edit. Bd. Keen. Weekly. English-French-German-Hebrew-Yiddish. TORCH (1941). 1904 Girard Trust Build- Hebrew Union College—Jewish Institute ing, Philadelphia, 2. Milton Berger. Quar- of Religion. terly. National Federation of Jewish Men's JEWISH INDEPENDENT (1906). 2108 Payne Clubs. Ave., Cleveland, 14. Leo Weidenthal. Weekly. JEWISH LAYMAN. See AMERICAN JUDAISM, TENNESSEE N. Y. C. ' JEWISH REVIEW AND OBSERVER (1888). HEBREW WATCHMAN (1925). 116 Union 1104 Prospect Ave., Cleveland, 15. Ave., Memphis, 3. Milton W. Goldberger. JEWISH VOICE PICTORIAL (1938). P. O. Weekly. Box 3593, Cleveland, 18. Leon Wiesen- OBSERVER (1934). 311 Church St., Nash- feld. Quarterly. ville, 3. Jacques Back. Weekly. LIBERAL JUDAISM. See AMERICAN JUDA- ISM, N. Y. C. OHIO JEWISH CHRONICLE (1922). 35 E. TEXAS Livingston Ave., Columbus, 15. Ben Z. Neustadt. Weekly. JEWISH HERALD-VOICE (1906). P. O. Box STUDIBS IN BIBLIOGRAPHY AND BOOKLORE 153, 1719 Caroline St., Houston, 1. (1953). 3101 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, D. H. White. Weekly. 20. Herbert C. Zairen, Sec. Edit. Bd. Bi- TEXAS JEWISH POST (1947). P. O. Box annual. English-Hebrew-German. Hebrew 742, Fon Worth, 1. Jessard A. Wisch. Union College-Jewish Institute of Re- Weekly. ligion. YOUNGSTOWN JEWISH TIMBS (1935). P. O. Box 1195, Youngstown, 1. Harry VERMONT Alter. Weekly. •VERMONT JEWISH VOICE (1942). 34 OKLAHOMA Henderson Terrace, Burlington. SOUTHWEST JEWISH CHRONICLE (1929). 919 Braniff Bldg., Oklahoma City, 2. WASHINGTON E. F. Friedman. Quarterly. TRANSCRIPT (1942). 727 Seaboard Bldg., TULSA JEWISH REVIEW (1930). P. O. Box 396, Tulsa, 1. Emil Salomon. Monthly. Seattle, 1. Mrs. Marion Q. Rose. Bi- Tulsa Section, National Council of Jewish monthly. Women. WISCONSIN PENNSYLVANIA JEWISH PRESS-MILWAUKER WOCHBNBLAT AMERICAN JEWISH OUTLOOK (1934). 316 (1915). 1721 N. 12 St., Milwaukee, 5. Fourth Ave., Pittsburgh, 19. Shirley Le- Isador S. Horwitz. Weekly; Yiddish-Eng- vine. Weekly. lish. JEWISH PERIODICALS 557 WISCONSIN JEWISH CHRONICLB (1921). American Association of English-Jewish 120 E. Detroit St., Milwaukee, 2. Ed- Newspapers. warde F. Perlson. Weekly. JEWISH TELEGRAPHIC AGENCY, INC. (1917). 660 First Ave., New York, 16, N. Y. Boris Smolar. Daily; English- NEWS SYNDICATES Yiddish. SEVEN ARTS FEATURE SYNDICATE (1922). AMERICAN JBWISH PRESS (AJP) (1950). 660 First Ave., New York, 16, N. Y. P. O. Box 2973, Miami, Fla. Weekly. Nathan Ziprin. Weekly.

CANADA

CANADIAN JEWISH CHRONICLE (1912). College St., Toronto. Samuel M. Shapiro. 4075 St. Lawrence Blvd., Montreal. Daily; Yiddish-English. A. M. Klein. Weekly. ISRAELITE PRESS (1910). 165 Selkirk Ave., CANADIAN JEWISH MAGAZINE (1938). Winnipeg. S. M. Selchen. Weekly; Yid- 1472 MacKay St., Montreal. Monthly. dish-English. CANADIAN JEWISH REVIEW (1921). 265 JEWISH DAILY EAGLE (1907). 4075 St. Craig St. W., Montreal, 1. Mrs. Florence Lawrence Blvd., Montreal. Israel Rabino- F. Cohen. Weekly. vitch. Daily; Yiddish. CANADIAN JEWISH WEEKLY (1941). 556 JEWISH POST (1924). 213 Selkirk Ave., Bathhurst St., Toronto. Joshua Gershman. Winnipeg. Melvin Fenson. Weekly. Weekly; Yiddish-English. JEWISH STANDARD (1929). 43 Yonge St., CANADIAN NEWS (1935). 525 Dundas St. Toronto. Julius Hayman. Semi-monthly. W., Toronto. M. Goldstick, Dorothy JEWISH WESTERN BULLETIN (1929). 2675 Dworkin. Weekly; Yiddish. Oak St., Vancouver, 9. A. J. Arnold. CANADIAN ZIONIST (1934). 2025 Univer- Weekly. Jewish Community Council. sity St., Montreal. Jesse Schwartz. Fort- WESTERN JEWISH NEWS (1926). 303 nightly. Zionist Organization of Canada. Times Bldg., Winnipeg. S. A. Berg. CONGRESS BULLETIN (1943). 493 Sher- Weekly. brooke St. W., Montreal. Mrs. Toby Lip- WINDSOR JEWISH COMMUNITY BULLBTIN son. Monthly. Canadian Jewish Congress. (1933). 405 Pelissier St., Suite 4, DAILY HEBREW JOURNAL (1911). 409 Windsor. K. Z. Paltiel. Monthly. American Jewish Bibliography

New York, Jewish Daily Forward, 1954. HISTORY 78 p. AUSUBEL, NATHAN. A pictorial history of Illustrations of Jewish immigrants liv- the Jewish people; from Bible times to our ing on New York's lower East Side around own day throughout the world. New York, the turn of the century. Brief text in Eng- Crown, 1953. 346 p. lish and Yiddish. Through the establishment of the State KRAFT, LOUIS and BERNHEIMER, CHARLES of Israel. SELIGMAN, eds. Aspects of the Jewish ORLINSKY, HARRY MEYER. Ancient Israel. community center. New York, National Ithaca, N. Y., Cornell Univ. Press, 1954. Jewish Welfare Board, 1954. 252 p. ix, 193 p. (Development of western civili- (National Association of Jewish Center zation) Workers publication. Benjamin Rabino- Intended as a text for an introductory witz memorial volume) history survey course, but useful for the lay Aims to present the philosophy, objec- reader as well. tives, and activities of Jewish community ROTH, CECIL. Personalities and events in centers in the United States. Jewish history. Philadelphia, Jewish Pub- LONDON, HANNAH R. Miniatures of early lication Society of America, 1954. viii, . Springfield, Mass., Pond- 324 p. Ekberg Co., 1953. x, 154 p. A selection of articles and essays on his- Reproductions of eighteenth-and-nine- torical subjects. teenth-century miniatures. WIZNITZER, ARNOLD. The records of the RIBALOW, HAROLD URIEL. The Jew in earliest Jewish community in the new American sports. Rev. ed. New York, world; with a foreword by Salo W. Baron. Bloch, 1954. xix, 356 p. New York, American Jewish Historical Includes chapters on four new sports Society, 1954. xiii, 108 p. personalities, as well as additional ma- An examination of the minute books of terial on those who appeared in the first the Jewish congregations of Recife and edition. Mauricia, Dutch Brazil. ROSENBERG, STUART E. The Jewish com- munity in Rochester, 1843-1925. New York, Columbia Univ. Press, 1954. xv, 325 p. (American Jewish communal his- JEWS IN THE UNITED STATES tories, no. 1) CAHN, LOUIS F. The history of Oheb Shalom, Presented within the context of its rela- 1853-1953. Baltimore, Oheb Shalom Con- tions with the larger community. gregation, 1953. 72 p. Includes material on the history of the Baltimore Jewish community. JEWS IN OTHER LANDS EPSTEIN, MELECH. Jewish labor in U. S. A., BERTELSEN, AAGE. October '43; tr. [from 1914-1952; an industrial, political and the Danish] by Milly Lindholm and Willy cultural history of the Jewish labor move- Agtby. With a foreword by Sholem Asch. ment. New York, Trade Union Sponsoring New York, Putnam, 1954. x, 246 p. Committee, 1953. viii, 466 p. A leader of the underground movement The second and final volume, the first of tells how the Christian denominations of which takes the story from 1882 to 1914. Denmark united to save the Jewish popu- GUTSTEIN, MORRIS AARON. A priceless lation from annihilation by the Nazis. heritage; the epic growth of nineteenth COHEN, ELIE A. Human behavior in the century Chicago Jewry. New York, Bloch, concentration camp; tr. from the Dutch 1953. 488 p. by M. H. Braaksma. New York, Norton, A sociological interpretation based on 1953. xvi, 295 p. contemporary records and original sources. A doctoral thesis based on personal ex- ISRAEL, LEON (Lola, pseud.). The East Side perience. of yesteryear in pictures. [Introd. by COHEN, ISRAEL. Travels in Jewry. New David Einhorn; tr. by Morris Sorgen] York, Dutton, 1953. 372 p. 558 AMERICAN JEWISH BIBLIOGRAPHY 559 Sketches of thirty Jewish communities Arts Press, 1954. xxvi, 245 p. (Library in various parts of Europe which the of religion, v. 3) author visited between the two World The first of three projected volumes on Wars. Judaism. FRIEDMAN, PHILIP, ed. Martyrs and fighters; BIBLE. O. T. Apocrypha. The Apocrypha ac- the epic of the . New cording to the authorized version; introd. York, Praeger, 1954. 325 p. by Robert H. Pfeiffer. New York, Harper, An anthology, taken from first-hand 1953. xxxix, 295 p. sources, of the heroic uprising of the Jews BIBLE. O. T. Maccabees. The third and against their Nazi captors. fourth books of Maccabees; ed. and tr. MEYER, PETER, and others. The Jews in the by Moses Hadas. New York, Harper, Soviet satellites. Syracuse, N. Y., Syra- 1953. xii, 248 p. (Dropsie College for cuse Univ. Press, 1953. viii, 637 p. Hebrew and Cognate Learning. Jewish The second of two studies on Jewish apocryphal literature, V. 3) life in the and in the satel- The third book deals with events in- lite countries sponsored by the Library of volving Egyptian Jewry under Ptolemy Jewish Information of the American Jew- IV; the fourth book is a work of edifica- ish Committee. tion and devotion in the form of a dis- MILLIN, SARAH GERTRUDE (LIEBSON) course. (MRS. PHILIP MILLIN). The people of CRONBACH, ABRAHAM. Judaism for today; . South Africa. [Rev. ed.] New York, Jewish thoughts for contemporary Jewish Knopf, 1954. 337 p. xii. youth. Introd. by John Haynes Holmes. Includes a chapter on the Jews. New York, Bookman Associates, 1954. NADICH, JUDAH. Eisenhower and the Jews. 148 p. New York, Twayne Publishers, 1953. Aims to aid "the reader in the solution 271 p. of his or her own problems." An account of President Eisenhower's EISENSTEIN, IRA. Creative Judaism. Rev. efforts on behalf of the displaced Jews of ed. New York, Jewish Reconstructionist Europe following their liberation from Foundation, 1953. x, 179 p. the concentration camps. A digest of Judaism as a civilization, REITLINGER, GERALD ROBERTS. The final by Mordecai M. Kaplan. Introduces some solution; the attempt to exterminate the material from Judaism in transition, by Jews of Europe, 1939-1945. New York, the same author. Beechhurst Press, 1953. xii, 622 p. Fox, EMMET. The ten commandments, the An account of the Nazi plan for exter- master key to life. New York, Harper, minating the Jews of Europe and the way 1953. 158 p. the plan was administered in Germany Fox, GRESHAM GEORGE. The Jews, Jesus and the occupied countries. and Christ. Chicago, Argus Books, 1953. ' SCHWARZ, LEO WALDER. The redeemers; 52 p. a saga of the years, 1945—1952. New On the attitude of ancient and modern York, Farrar, Straus and Young, 1952. Jews toward the main teachings of Jesus. xii, 385 p. GASTER, THEODOR HERZL. Festivals of the A record of the manner in which the Jewish year; a modern interpretation and Jews freed from concentration camps ad- guide. New York, W. Sloane Associates, justed to life in Germany while awaiting 1953. xii, 308 p. resettlement in other countries. The festivals, fasts, and holy days re- SHUSTER, GEORGE NAUMAN. Religion be- garded "as manifestations of a constantly hind the . New York, Mac- evolving process." millan, 1954. xxi, 281 p. GOLDIN, HYMAN ELIAS. The Jew and his Includes a chapter entitled: Jewry un- duties; the essence of the Kitzur shulhan der Soviet rule. arukh, ethically presented. New York, He- SlMONHOFF, HARRY. Under strange skies. brew Pub. Co., 1953. x, 246 p. New York, Philosophical Library, 1953. Laws and prayers governing every de- ix, 349 p. ... tail of a traditional Jew's life. Impressions of Jewish communities in GOODENOUGH, ERWIN RAMSDELL. Jewish • Europe, Latin America, the Union of symbols in the Greco-Roman period. New South Africa, , Israel, and the south- York, Pantheon Books, 1953. 3 v. (Bol- eastern United States. lingen series, 37) The first three of seven projected vol- umes intended to "discover the religious RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY attitudes of the Jews in the Greco-Roman world." BARON, SALO WITTMAYER and BLAU, JOSEPH LEON, eds. Judaism; postbibhcal GORDIS, ROBERT. The Song of songs; a and Talmudic period. New York, Liberal study, modern translation and commentary. 560 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK New York, Jewish Theological Seminary THE PASSOVER HAGGADAH; with a new of America, 1954. xii, 108 p. (Texts and translation, selected commentary, explana- studies, v. 20) tion of the Seder laws & customs, and a A scholarly examination of various in- review of the Exodus story, ed. by Nathan terpretations. M. Mandel. Kew Gardens, L. I., The Editor, 1954. 32, 128 p. KATSCH, ABRAHAM ISAAC. Judaism in Islam; Biblical and Talmudic backgrounds Text in English and Hebrew. of the Koran and its commentaries, suras PATERSON, JOHN. The book that is alive; 2 and 3. New York, Bloch, 1954. xxv, studies in Old Testament life and thought 265 p. (New York Univ. Press. Pub- as set forth by the Hebrew sages. New lication) York, Scribner, 1954. x, 196 p. Examines the most representative suras Intended to complement two previous of the Koran, verse by verse, to show the volumes, this is a study of the Wisdom parallels between the Koranic text and the literature of the Old Testament which rabbinic literature. includes the Books of Proverbs, Job, Ec- KOHN, EUGENE. Religion and humanity. desiastes, and several Psalms. New York, Reconstructionist Press, 1953. RAISIN, JACOB SALMON. Gentile reactions x, 154 p. to Jewish ideals; with special reference to Attempts to interpret the role of re- proselytes. Pub. posthumously under the \ ligion as a help to mankind in achieving editorship of Herman Hailperin. New a better world. York, Philosophical Library, 1953. xxiii, KRAELING, EMIL GOTTLIEB HEINRICH, ed. 876 p. / The Brooklyn Museum Aramaic papyri; On the influence of Judaism on non- -• new documents of the fifth century B. C. Jews prior to and after the rise of Chris- from the Jewish colony at Elephantine. tianity. New Haven, Yale Univ. Press, 1953. xv, RIBALOW, HAROLD URIEL. What's your 319, xxiii p. (Brooklyn Museum publica- Jewish I. Q.? New York, Twayne Pub- tions ) lishers, 1954. 106 p. LEVINE, RAPHAEL H. Holy mountain; two Questions and answers on the Bible, paths to one God. With an introd. by Judaism, Jewish history, and Jews eminent Stephen F. Bayne, Jr. Portland, Ore., in various fields. Binfords, 1953. xxiv, 248 p. ROSENZWEIG, FRANZ. Understanding the Intended to provide information about sick and the healthy; a view of world, the Jew and his religion for Christians, man, and God. Ed. with an introd. by and information about Christianity for N. N. Glatzer. New York, Noonday Jews. Press, 1954. 106 p. LEWISOHN, LUDWIG. What is this Jewish Presents a viewpoint in opposition to heritage? New York, B'nai B'rith Hillel German idealist philosophy, which "re- Foundations, 1954. 50 p. (Hillel little duces the world to the perceiving self." books) ROTHWELL, ALLEN EDWARD. The Old A guide for Jewish college students. Bible in rhyme. New York, Pageant Press, LIEBERMAN, CHAIM. The Christianity of 1953. 182 p. Sholem Asch; an appraisal from the Jew- RUNES, DAGOBERT DAVID. Letters to my ish viewpoint. [Tr. from the Yiddish by daughter. New York, Philosophical Li- Abraham Burstein] New York, Philo- brary, 1954. 131 p. sophical Library, 1953. 276 p. Advice on many topics, some of it An examination of the latest publica- based on religious precepts. tions by Sholem Asch from the Nazarene onwards with a view to exposing their THIRY, PAUL, BENNETT, RICHARD M., and Christological character. KAMPHOEFNER, HENRY L. Churches & ,MACE, DAVID ROBERT. Hebrew marriage; temples. New York, Reinhold, 1953. 1 v. (various paging) (Progressive architecture a sociological study. New York, Philo- library) sophical Library, 1953. xv, 271 p. Each section is contributed by an archi- <• Based on the Old Testament, but in- tea noted in his particular field. cludes a study of the laws and other rec- ords of contemporary cultures which in- VAINSTEIN, JACOB. Cycle of the Jewish ; fluenced Hebrew ideas and ideals. year; a study of the festivals and of selec- ; MAIMONIDES, MOSES. The code of Mai- tions from the liturgy. New York, Bloch, ; monides; bk. ten: The book of cleanness. 1954. 185 p. Tr. from the Hebrew by Herbert Danby. Voss, CARL HERMANN, ed. The universal - New Haven, Yale Univ. Press, 1954. xlv, God: the eternal quest in which all men * 645 p. (Yale Judaica series, v. 8) are brothers; an interfaith anthology of :» Contains eight treatises on ritual clean- man's search for God. Cleveland, World j Pub. Co., 1953. xxviii, 306 p. I AMERICAN JEWISH BIBLIOGRAPHY 561 Quotations from famous literary figures, Walter an and the unjust administration as well as religious leaders. of United States immigration laws. In- WAXMAN, MEYER. A handbook of Judaism, cludes case studies. / as professed and practiced through the CARTWRIGHT, DORWIN and ZANDER, AL- / ages. 2d ed., enl. Chicago, L. M. Stein, VIN, eds. Group dynamics; research and 1953. xii, 210 p. theory. Evanston, 111., Row, Peterson, The revised edition includes additions 1953. xiii, 642 p. to chapter five, and a new chapter en- Intended for the specialist. titled: Dogmas of Judaism. CHRISTIE, RICHARD and JAHODA, MARIE, WHITEHEAD, ALFRED N9RTH. Dialogues; eds. Studies in the scope and method of as recorded by Lucien Price. Boston, Little, "The authoritarian personality." Glencoe, 1954. 396 p. (Atlantic Monthly press 111., Free Press, 1954. 279 p. (Continui- book) ties in social research) Conversations with the distinguished An analysis of "The authoritarian per- British philosopher in which he frequently sonality," a study which was sponsored by compares Greek and Hebrew civilizations the American Jewish Committee in 1950. to the disparagement of the latter. COOK, LLOYD ALLEN and COOK, ELAINE WILLIAMS, ALBERT NATHANIEL. The Holy FORSYTH. Intergroup education. New /^City; with illus. by June Kirkpatrick. / York, McGraw-Hill, 1954. xy, 392 p. Boston, Little; New York, Duell, 1954. (McGraw-Hill series in education) xv, 424 p. Intended primarily for educators. A chronicle of Jerusalem's history from FINEBERG, SOLOMON ANDHIL. The Rosen- before 1000 B. C. to the present. berg case; fact and fiction. New York, Oceana Publications, 1953. 159 p. Distinguishes between the actual facts SERMONS in the case and the Communist distortion of the facts for propaganda purposes. HERSHMAN, ABRAHAM MOSES. Religion of GREENBERG, HAYIM. The inner eye; selected the age and of the ages. New York, essays. New York, Jewish Frontier Asso- Bloch, 1953. x, 134 p. ciation, 1953. xv, 393 p. A collection of festival and Sabbath Essays on Jews and Judaism, religion sermons. and ethics, Zionism and Israel, Socialism The Rabbinical Council manual of holiday and Communism, and sketches on diverse and Sabbath sermons 5714—1953. Solo- themes. mon J. Sharfman, ed. New York, Rab- KONVITZ, MILTON RIDVAS. Civil rights in binical Council Press, 1953. 429 p. immigration. Ithaca, N. Y., Cornell Univ. The eleventh annual collection of ser- Press, 1953. xii, 216 p. (Cornell studies mons by Orthodox rabbis. in civil liberty) REICHERT, IRVING FREDERICK. Judaism & Aims to present an objective, critical the American Jew; selected sermons & evaluation of American immigration addresses. San Francisco, Grabhorn Press, policy. 1953. 245 p. LONG, EMIL J. 2,000 years; a history of Sermons and addresses delivered over a anti-Semitism. New York, Exposition period of eighteen years reflecting the Press, 1953. 324 p. author's interpretation of Reform Judaism. ROY, RALPH LORD. Apostles of discord; a WISE, JUDAH L. On this day; brieff bar study of organized bigotry and disruption mitzvah addresses based on the portions on the fringes of Protestantism. Boston, of the week (Sidrot) for each Sabbath of Beacon Press, 1953. xii, 437 p. (Beacon the year. New York, Bloch, 1954. 64 p. studies in church and state) An expose of some of the "groups and individuals active in the current campaign CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS of extremists to capture the Protestant AND INTERGROUP RELATIONS mind." RUCHAMES, LOUIS. Race, jobs, & politics; ALLPORT, GORDON WILLARD. The nature the story of FEPC. New York, Columbia of prejudice. Cambridge, Mass., Addison- Univ. Press, 1953. x, 255 p. Wesley Pub. Co., 1954. xviii, 537 p. Attempts to "present a comprehensive A study of the roots of hostility, includ- picture of the effort to achieve fair em- ing recommendations for reducing group ployment practices through government tensions. intervention." BRUCE, JOHN CAMPBELL. The golden door; SAENGER, GERHART. The social psychology the irony of our immigration policy. New of prejudice; achieving intercultural under- York, Random House, 1954. 244 p. standing and cooperation in a democracy. A condemnation of the McCarran- New York, Harper, 1953. 304 p. 562 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Intended as a textbook for persons in- ZAAR, ISAAC. Rescue and liberation; Amer- terested in improving intergroup relations. ica's part in the birth of Israel. New SHERIF, MUZAFER and WILSON, M. O., York, Bloch, 1954. ix, 310 p. eds. Group relations at the crossroads. A leader in the militant Hebrew Free- New York, Harper, 1953. viii, 379 p. dom Movement tells of American activi- Oklahoma. Univ. Lectures in social psy- ties on behalf of the establishment of the chology ) State of Israel from 1939 onwards. VERNANT, JACQUES. The refugee in the post-war world. New Haven, Yale Univ. BELLES-LETTRES Press, 1953. xvi, 827 p. An objective survey undertaken for the BLOCH, JOSHUA. Of making many books; United Nations High Commissioner for an annotated list of the books issued by Refugees. the Jewish Publication Society of America, 1890-1952. Philadelphia, Jewish Publica- ISRAEL AND ZIONISM tion Society of America, 1953. ix, 329 P- FOSTER, SOLOMON. Spiritual trails to hap- PEN GURION, DAVID. Rebirth and destiny piness. New York, Bookman Associates, x of Israel; ed. and tr. from the Hebrew 1953. 94 p. under the supervision of Mordekhai Poems, mostly on religious subjects. Nurock. New York, Philosophical Library, KAFKA, FRANZ. Letters to Milena; ed. by 1954. 539 p. Willi Haas. Tr. by Tania and James A collection of essays and addresses by Stern. New York, Schocken Books and the former prime minister of Israel, de- Farrar, Straus & Young, 1953. 238 p. livered or written over the years from Love letters written to a young, un- 1915 to 1952. happily married woman who had trans- BUDOVSKY, LEO (Leo Benjamin, pseud.). lated some of the author's stories into the Martyrs in Cairo; the trial of the assassins Czech language. of Lord Moyne. Illus. by Jack Levitz. 2d MATT, C. DAVID. Collected poems; ed. by rev. ed. New York, Exposition Press, Milton Nevins. Philadelphia, West Phila- 1953. 69 p. delphia Jewish Community Center, 1953. CANAAN, GERSHON. Rebuilding the land of 163 p. - Israel. New York, Architectural Book Pub. A posthumous collection of poems on Co., 1954. xv, 205 p. Jewish themes. A profusely illustrated account of mod- TEITELBAUM, F.LSA, comp. and tr. Gems ern building in Israel presented in relation from Jewish literature. [Tr. from the Yid- to its architectural history. dish] New York, Pardes Pub. House, LlLIENTHAL, ALFRED M. What price Israel. 1953. 223 p. Chicago, Regnery, 1953. yiii, 274 p. Translations of some of the stories of A condemnation of Zionism and the twenty-three writers. creation of the Jewish state. ZANGwlLL, ISRAEL. The king of schnorrers; SAMUEL, MAURICE. Level sunlight. New to which is added an essay on Jewish York, Knopf, 1953. 302, iii p. humor, by Bernard N. Schilling. Hamden, Deals with the evolution, present con- Conn., Shoe String Press, 1953. xxxiii, dition and promise of the State of Israel; 156 p. the relation of Israel to American Jews; The introductory essay is intended to and the role played by Chaim Weizmann help the reader to understand the story by in Zionism. the well-known Anglo-Jewish writer. SPENDER, STEPHEN. Learning laughter. New York, Harcourt, 1953. vi, 201 p. Observations based on a tour of the THE JEW IN FICTION settlements in Israel in which children from various countries throughout the ASCH, SHALOM. A passage in the night [tr. world were learning to adjust to their new from the Yiddish by Maurice SamuelT\ environment. New York, Putnam, 1953. 367 p. SYKES, CHRISTOPHER. TWO studies in virtue. A wealthy Jew tries to atone for a sin New York, Knopf, 1954. 256 p. committed in his youth. The second essay is entitled: The pros- BARGELLINI, PIERO. David; tr. [from the perity of his servant; a study of the origins Italian] by Elisabeth Abbott. New York, of the Balfour declaration of 1917. Kenedy, 1954. 165 p. VOSS, CARL HBRMANN. The Palestine prob- Based on the life of David, king of lem today; Israel and its neighbors. Bos- Israel. ton, Beacon Press, 1953. xv, 64 p. Questions and answers on the current BARRETT, WILLIAM EDMUND. The shadows situation. of the images. Garden City, N. Y., Dou- bleday, 1953. 540 p. AMERICAN JEWISH BIBLIOGRAPHY 563 A story of the tangled love lives of two when he permits a Negro to stay at his couples in a Western city which includes hotel. two Jews, one an antique dealer, the other an assistant district attorney. GORDIMER, NADINE. The lying days; a novel. New York, Simon & Schuster, BECK, BEATRIX. The passionate heart; tr. 1953. 340 p. from the French by Constantine Fitz Gib- The daughter of conventional, Protes- bon. New York, Messner, 1953. 210 p. tant parents in South Africa frees herself The French Catholic widow of a Jew from her old environment when she falls protects her daughter during the German in love with a Jew, and when she comes occupation of the country; she falls in to understand the position of the natives. love with a priest and returns to her re- ligion. HOLT, FELIX. Dan'l Boone kissed me. New.. York, Dutton, 1954. 248 p. \ BELLOW, SAUL. The adventures of Augie There is great excitement in the Jackson / March; a novel. New York, Viking Press, purchase country of Kentucky during the / 1953. 536 p. 1840's when the word is spread that the The experiences of a Chicago Jew. Re- first Jew any of the inhabitants had ever ceived fifth annual National Book Award. seen had come to settle there. CLBBVE, BRIAN TALBOT. The night winds. HORWITZ, JULIUS. The city. Cleveland, Boston, Houghton, 1954. 244 p. World Pub. Co., 1953. 219 p. A Jewish financier is robbed of a valu- Nineteen stories and sketches of life in able collection of art objects by some New York City; many contain Jewish natives in a novel dealing with Negro- characters. white relations in South Africa. JENS, WALTER. The blind man; tr. from DlBNER, MARTIN. The deep six. Garden the German by Michael Bullock. New City, N. Y., Doubleday, 1953. 321 p. York, Macmillan, 1954. 92 p. Experiences on a cruiser in the Aleu- A German schoolteacher, despondent tians and the South Seas during World because of blindness due to an illness, is War II. One of the principals is a Jewish encouraged to reconstruct his life when gun captain from Brooklyn. he is presented with a game which was played by Jews in one of the concentra- DUHAMEL, GEORGES. Cry out of the depths; tion camps. tr. from the French by E. F. Bozman. Boston, Little, 1953. 213 p. LEMPEL, BLANCHE. Storm over Paris; a A French businessman collaborates with novel. New York, Philosophical Library, the Germans, confiscates the shares of one 1954. 321 p. of the owners of the company, a half-Jew, A young Polish Jewish girl in Paris then poses as a generous benefactor when falls in love with a German, who later he helps the Free French to get the man serves with the Nazi army. out of a concentration camp. LIVINGSTON, HAROLD. The coasts of the earth. Boston, Houghton, 1954. 209 p- FERGUSSON, HARVEY. The conquest of Don A novel about the American volunteers Pedro. New York, Morrow, 1954. 250 p. who flew for Israel during its War of A Jew from New York's East Side goes Independence. to the Southwest in search of health. He eventually settles in a small town in New MURDOCK, JAMES. Ketti Shalom. New York, Mexico where he prospers. Random House, 1953. 318 p. A young Jewish girl becomes a symbol FREEDMAN, BENEDICT and FREEDMAN, of hope and courage to the others fighting /NANCY MARS (MRS. BENEDICT FREED- for the liberation of Israel from the Brit- MAN). The spark and the exodus. New ish and the Arabs. York, Crown, 1954. 287 p. NEIDER, CHARLES. The white citadel. New A group of Polish Jews leave for Pales- York, Twayne Publishers, 1954. 224 p. tine in the early 1900s during a period A novel of Bessarabian Jewish life dur- of anti-Semitic excesses. ing the 1920's. The principal character is GALLICO, PAUL WILLIAM. The foolish im- a man who is torn between his wife's and mortals. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, his mother's desire to possess him. 1953. 224 p. PATON, ALAN. TOO late the phalarope. New A wealthy woman in search of eternal York, Scribner, 1953. 276 p. youth falls into the hands of some un- The son of a stern Africander father scrupulous persons. In Israel all have a turns to a Jewish storekeeper for counsel change of heart. after he has ruined his life and that of his GOLD, HERBERT. The prospect before us. family by transgressing the laws segregat- Cleveland, World Pub. Co., 1954. 266 p. ing the races in South Africa. A successful hotel proprietor in Cleve- PENFIELD, WILDER. NO other gods. Boston, land becomes involved in race hatred Little, 1954. xx, 340 p. 564 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK The story of Abram's life in the land of SwiGGETT, HOWARD. The power and the Ur to the point at which he determines prize; a novel. New York, Ballantine to lead his people to a land where they Books, 1954. 326 p. can worship the one God. A successful American businessman falls in love with an Austrian Jewish refugee RENCK, ALEX T., pseud. The wrong way home [tr. from the German by E. M. musician. He encounters opposition from Valk] Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1954. his business associates who tell him he is 318 p. expected to marry "suitably." A German becomes a Nazi because of THOMPSON, MORTON. Not as a stranger. his love for a Jewish woman who admires New York, Scribner, 1954. 948 p. Hitler. The story is concerned with his The story of the education and prac- eventual disillusionment. tice of a small-town doctor. Includes a ROTHGIESSER, RUBEN. The well of Gerar; physician who was not appointed dean of tr. from the German ms. by Harry Schnei- the medical school because he was a Jew. derman. Philadelphia, Jewish Publication TlGAY, BETTY S. Rock of refuge. New York, Society of America, 1953. 287 p. Vantage Press, 1953. 200 p. Experiences of a young Jewish man in A woman who has tried to live as a South America and in various capitals of non-Jew is confronted with a dilemma Western Europe during the period of the when her daughter informs her that she Jewish emancipation. plans to marry a rabbi. SEGAL, ALBERT. Johannesburg Friday. New WEBB, JACK. The naked angel. New York. York, McGraw-Hill, 1954. 320 p. Rinehart, 1953. 247 p. A day in the life of a Jewish family in A Jewish police detective and a Cath- Johannesburg, S. A. olic priest cooperate to solve a murder SlLONE, IGNAZIO. A handful of blackberries; mystery. tr. by Darina Silone. New York, Harper, WOLFERT, IRA. An act of love; a completely 1953. 314 p. retold version of the novel. New York, A Communist leader in Italy and his Simon and Schuster, 1954. xviii, 519 P- Jewish refugee sweetheart finally succeed Concerned with the battle to conquer in their determination to break with the his many fears waged by a wounded Party. Jewish Navy flier, washed up on a small SLAUGHTER, FRANK GILL. The song of Pacific island. Ruth; a love story from the Old Testa- ment. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, 1954. 317 p. A fictionalization of the Biblical book. THE ARTS SOUTHON, ARTHUR EUSTACE. On eagles' / wings. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1954. xiv, 296 p. BERGER, ARTHUR VICTOR. Aaron Copland. New York, Oxford Univ. Press, 1953. vii, Takes the story of Moses' life from its 120 p. beginning through the deliverance from Egypt. A biography of the noted American composer, with emphasis on his musical SPERBER, MANES. Journey without end; tr. education and on his compositions. by Constantine Fitz Gibbon. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, 1954. 317 p. REISS, LIONEL S. New lights and old shad- The last volume of a trilogy. One of ows: new lights of an Israel reborn, old shadows of a vanished world; a selection the principal characters is an ex-Commu- of two hundred and ten paintings, water- nist who aids the partisans in Yugoslavia. colors, drawings and etchings. Introd. by Another is a Jew who is in Warsaw at Cecil Roth. New York, Reconstructionist the time of the destruction of the Warsaw Press, 1954. 160 p. Ghetto. STERN, DANIEL. The girl with the glass ROTHMULLER, MARKO. The music of the heart; a novel. Indianapolis, Bobbs-Mer- Jews; an historical appreciation. [Tr. by rill, 1953. 338 p. H. C. Stevens] New York, Beechhurst The story of a Jewish girl who could Press, 1954. xv, 254 p. help others to resolve their difficulties but From the earliest times to the present. who could not help herself. WEISSER, ALBERT. The modern renaissance SUHL, YURI. Cowboy on a wooden horse; of Jewish music; events and figures,East - / a novel. New York, Macmillan, 1953. ern Europe and America. New York, / 280 p. Bloch, 1954. 175 p. Continues the adventures of the immi- From the beginning of the twentieth grant boy from Galicia begun in One foot century to the present, with emphasis on in America. the Russian scene. AMERICAN JEWISH BIBLIOGRAPHY 565 BIOGRAPHY psychological factors responsible for his undertaking some of his cases. BAR-DAVID, MOLLY LYONS. My promised MANKOWITZ, WOLF. A kid for two farth- land. New York, Putnam, 1953. x, 307 p. ings; illus. by James Boswell. New York, A personal account of daily life in Dutton, 1954. 120 p. Palestine by a woman who left Canada in Life in London's East End as seen 1936 to make her home there. through the eyes of a small Jewish boy. DEUTSCHER, ISAAC. The prophet armed; MISHEIKER, BETTY. Wings on her petticoat. Trotsky: 1879-1921. New York, Oxford New York, Morrow, 1953. 224 p. Univ. Press, 1954. viii, 540 p. The author's mother, an indomitable The first in a contemplated two-volume woman, travels with her three small chil- work on the life of Lev Bronstein, who dren through Siberia, Japan, and South became Leon D. Trotsky, one of the lead- Africa in order to rejoin her husband. ers of the Russian Revolution. ROTH, LILLIAN. I'll cry tomorrow; written in collaboration with Mike Connolly and DRAGE, CHARLES. The life and times of Gerold Frank. New York, Fell, 1954. general two-gun Cohen. New York Funk 347 p. & Wagnalls, 1954. yi, 312 p. A stage and moving picture star of the The adventurous life of the son of im- 1920s, born a Jew, tells of how she be- migrant parents from who settled in England. Morris Cohen became an aide came an alcoholic, of her rehabilitation and bodyguard to Dr. Sun Yat-sen in through Alcoholics Anonymous, and of China. her recent conversion to Catholicism. ROUECHE, BERTON. Eleven blue men, and HECHT, BEN. A child of the century. New other narratives of medical detection. Bos- / York, Simon and Schuster, 1954. 654 p. ton, Little, 1954. 215 p. Autobiography of the well-known nov- Jewish physicians and health officials elist and playwright. are principals in many of the cases in- HERSKoyiTS, MELVILLE JEAN. Franr Boas; volved. the science of man in the making. New SOBEL, BERNARD. Broadway heartbeat; York, Scribner, 1953. 131 p. (Twentieth memoirs of a press agent. New York, century library) Hermitage House, 1953. 352 p. Discusses the scientist's contributions to The recollections of a small-town boy the field of cultural anthropology. who became a theatrical press agent. JONES, ERNEST. The life and work of Sig- TAYLOR, DEEMS. Some enchanted evenings; mund Freud; v. 1, The formative years the story of Rodgers and Hammerstein. and the great discoveries, 1856-1900. New York, Harper, 1953. 244 p. New York, Basic Books, 1953. xiv, 428 p. A profusely illustrated account of the The first of a projected three-volume successful collaboration of Richard Rodg- definitive biography of the great psycho- ers and Oscar Hammerstein II in the field analyst. of musical comedy. JUNG, LEO, ed. Jewish leaders (1750-1940). TlMBERLAKE, CRAIG. The bishop of Broad- / New York, Bloch, 1953. xii, 564 p. way; the life & work of David Belasco. / Intended to "convey a sense of Torah- New York, Library Publishers, 1954. true leadership through the last 190 491 p. years." An exhaustive biography of the noted KATZ, DORIS. The lady was a terrorist dur- theatrical producer and director. ing Israel's war of liberation; with an TOLBERT, FRANK X. Neiman-Marcus, introd. by Konrad Bercovici. New York, Texas; the story of the proud Dallas store. Shiloni Pub., 1953. xv, 192 p. New York, Holt, 1953. 180 p. Personal experiences in the Irgun Zvai The personalities and the business meth- Leumi, a militant underground organiza- ods that have built up one of the most tion, of which the author's husband was a famous stores in the United States. leader. WALDMAN, MORRIS DAVID. Nor by power. KOMROFF, MANUEL. Big city, little boy. New York, International Universities New York, Wyn, 1953. 182 p. (Growing Press, 1953. ix, 473 p. up in America series) Recollections of a distinguished career Reminiscences of childhood years in in Jewish social service, by the former New York City around the turn of the executive vice president of the American century. Jewish Committee. MALTZ, MAXWELL. Doctor Pygmalion; the WILLIAMS, RICHARD LIPPINCOTT and autobiography of a plastic surgeon. New WILLIAMS, DOROTHY (MAHONE) (MRS. York, Crowell, 1953. 261 p. RICHARD LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS). Fam- Tells about the author's early lower ily doctor. New York, Random House, East Side background, and discusses the 1953. 245 p. 566 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK A biography of Dr. Jacob Jerome Adventures of the four sons mentioned Steinfelder, a general practitioner in New in the Haggadah, as told to three children York City, written by two of his patients. on the first night of Passover. ZUKOR, ADOLPH. The public is never ROUNDS, RUTH. It happened to Hannah; wrong; autobiography with Dale Kramer. illus. by Dorothy Bayley Morse. New New York, Putnam, 1953. vii, 309 p. York, Dutton, 1954. 122 p. Recollections of the growth of the mo- A young Protestant learns something tion picture industry. about the lives of her Jewish neighbors when she moves to Washington Heights. JUVENILE WAGONER, MRS. JEAN (BROWN). The shepherd lad; a story of David of Bethle- /ABRAHAMS, ROBERT DAVID. The Commo- hem. Illus. by Paul Laune. Indianapolis, dore; illus. by Albert Gold. Philadelphia, Bobbs-Merrill, 1953. 168 p. Jewish Publication Society of America, Intended for children aged ten to twelve. 1954. 191 p. (Jacob R. Schiff library of Jewish contributions to American democ- racy) The life of Uriah P. Levy, who served TEXTBOOKS in the United States Navy during the first half of the nineteenth century. ElSENBERG, AZRIEL, ed. The confirmation BENJAMIN, NORA (GOTTHEIL) (MRS. reader. New York, Behrman House, 1953. LAWRENCE SCHLESINGER KUBIE). The 258 p. first book of Israel; illus. by the author. An adaptation of The Bar Mitzvah New York, Watts, 1953. 69 p. Treasury for use in confirmation classes. A historical presentation for young ELICKER, VIRGINIA WILK. Biblical costumes children. for church and school; illus. by Elva /BOBROW, DOROTHY E. Tell me why; a Dro2 Hamilton. New York, A. S. Barnes, primer for Judaism. Illus. by Edwin Her- 1953. 160 p. ron. New York, Bookman Associates, Ideas and techniques useful for persons 1954. 90 p. called upon to costume a Biblical presen- Prepared for the American Council for tation. Judaism. GAMORAN, MAMIE (GOLDSMITH) (MRS. FITCH, FLORENCE MARY. A book about EMANUEL GAMORAN). The new Jewish God; illus. by Leonard Weisgard. New history, from Abraham to the Maccabees; York, Lothrop, 1953. n. p. illus. by Bruno Frost. New York, Union A picture book with brief text for of American Hebrew Congregations, 1953. young children of all faiths. xii, 248 p. (Union of American Hebrew GAER, JOSEPH. Young heroes of the living Congregations and Central Conference of religions; drawings by Anne Marie Jauss. American Rabbis. Commission on Jewish Boston, Little, 1953. xiv, 201 p. Education. Union graded series) The first volume of a text intended for Includes biographies of Abraham, children ten to twelve years of age. Moses, and David. IMBER, REBECCA, and COHEN, JACK J. The KRIPKE, DOROTHY (KARP). Let's talk creative audience. New York, Reconstruc- about God; pictures by Bobri. New York, tionist Press, 1954. v, 152 p. Behrman, 1953. n. p. A handbook for directors, program Intended for the young child. chairmen, and adult education leaders in- LEWITON, MINA (MRS. HOWARD SIMON). terested in planning programs. Rachel; pictures by Howard Simon. New LEVINGER, ELMA C. (EHRLICH) (MRS. York, Watts, 1954. 185 p. LEE JOSEPH LEVINGER). They fought for The story of a child living with her freedom, and other stories; heroes of Jew- family on New York's lower East Side in ish history. Illus. by Tracy Sugarman. the early twentieth century. For children New York, Union of American Hebrew aged nine to eleven. Congregations, 1953. xiii, 221 p. (Union LONG, LAURA. Queen Esther, star in Judea's of American Hebrew Congregations and crown; a dramatic retelling of the Book Central Conference of American Rabbis. of Esther. New York, Association Press, Commission on Jewish Education. Inter- 154. 156 p. (Heroes of God series) cultural series, no. 2) MILLIKIN, MRS. VIRGINIA (GREENE). Intended to provide non-Jewish chil- Jeremiah, prophet of disaster; a novel- dren with an understanding of Jewish biography. New York, Association Press, history, life, and culture. 1954. 155 p. (Heroes of God series) PESSIN, DEBORAH. The Jewish people; bk. POSY, ARNOLD. Holiday night dreams; draw- 3. Illus. by Ruth Levin. New York, ings by Hella Arensen. New York, Bloch, United Synagogue Commission on Jewish 1953. 263 p. Education, 1953. 313 p. AMERICAN JEWISH BIBLIOGRAPHY 567 The third and final volume of a history ram \V. Korn. [Cincinnati] 1953- xxx, for young people, this continues the story 610 p. from the exile from Spain to 1949. In addition to proceedings, reports, SCHWARTZMAN, SYLVAN D. The story of memorial addresses, membership lists, etc., Reform Judaism. New York, Union of includes: Jewish scholarship and Christian American Hebrew Congregations, 1953. translations of the Hebrew Bible, by xv, 191 p. (Union of American Hebrew H. M. Orlinsky.—The "Judeo-Christian Congregations and Central Conference of heritage".—a psychological revaluation and American Rabbis. Commission on Jewish a new approach, by H. E. Kagan.—The Education. Union graded series) state of the reform movement; a sym- The first book on the subject for boys posium.—Practical problems of the min- and girls. istry; a symposium.—Contemporary cur- WALLIS, LOUIS. Young people's Hebrew rents in Jewish theology; a symposium.'—• history. New York, Philosophical Library, New goals in Jewish religious education, 1953. ix, 117 p. by A. N. Franzblau.—Psychiatry and Intended for young people of high pastoral counseling; a symposium.—Ser- school age. monics and sermon techniques; a sym- posium. WEILERSTEIN, MRS. SADIE (ROSE). Jewish heroes; illus. by Lili Cassel. Bk. 1. New HEBREW UNION COLLEGE. Annual; v. 24, York, United Synagogue Commission on 1952-1953. Cincinnati, 1953. 273, 83 p. Jewish Education, 1953. 208 p. Contents.—Two prophecies of the From Abraham to Solomon. For chil- fourth century B. C. and the evolution of dren aged ten to twelve. Yom Kippur, by Julian Morgenstern.— Beth She'arim, Gaba, and Harosheth of the peoples, by B. Maisler.—Contributions REFERENCE AND ANNUALS to the scriptural text, by Joseph Reider.— Some Biblical notes, by Matitiahu Tsevat. •—How well did the synoptic evangelists AMERICAN ACADEMY FOR JEWISH RE- know the synagogue? by S. D. Schwartz- SEARCH. Proceedings, v. 22, 1953. New man.—The origin of European Torah York, The Academy, 1953. xxxvi, 150, decorations, by Franz Landsberger.—Fer- 18 p. dinand Lassalle: from Maccabeism to Jew- In addition to reports, lists, etc., in- ish anti-Semitism, by Edmund Silberner. cludes: Azarbaijan in Jewish history, by —Studies in middle-Assyrian chronology W. J. Fischel.—The distribution of land and religion, by H. A. Fine.—On the and sea on the earth's surface according to history of the tractate, by Samuel Atlas Hebrew sources, by Solomon Gandz.—The [In Hebrew].—The makama's of Caleb b. credo of a fourteenth century Karaite, by Eliyahu Afendopolo, the Karaite (1464-ca. Ernest Mainz.—Saadia Gaon, the earliest 1530), by Simon Bernstein [In Hebrew] Hebrew grammarian, by S. L. Skoss.—The RABBINICAL ASSEMBLY OF AMERICA. Pro- ascension of Phinehas, by Abram Spiro.— ceedings, v. 17. Fifty-third annual con- Maimonides' statement on political sci- vention, June 22-June 27, 1953, Atlantic ence, by Leo Strauss.—Isaac Arama on City, N. J. New York, The Assembly, the creation and structure of the world, 1954. 278 p. by Sarah Heller-Wilensky.—The Mar- In addition to lists, reports, resolutions, quis de Langallerie and his program for etc., the following addresses and papers a Jewish state, by N. M. Gelber [In He- are included: The spirit of prayer, by brew],—Concerning Mainz's article, by A. J. Heschel.—Prayer and the modern S. Abramson [In Hebrew] Jew, by Eugene Kohn.—The weekday American Jewish year book; v. 55, 1954. service, by Jerome Lipnick.—Personal Prepared by the American Jewish Com- prayer, by Arnold Lasker.—The content mittee: Morris Fine, editor; Jacob Sloan, of Jewish education, by Judah Goldin.— associate editor. New York, American Music for the American Conservative syn- Jewish Committee; Philadelphia, Jewish agogue, by Hugo Weisgall.—Israel: the Publication Society of America, 1954. xii, next phase, by Avraham Harman. 554 p. YIVO annual of Jewish social science, v. 8, Besides the usual reference features, in- ed. by Koppel S. Pinson. New York, Yid- cludes reviews of life in the Jewish com- dish Scientific Institute, 1953. 303 p. munities in the United States and foreign A selection of articles which appeared countries. previously in Yiddish in YIVO publica- CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN tions. This issue is devoted entirely to the RABBIS. Yearbook; v. 63, 1953. Sixty- treatment of the Jews during the German fourth annual convention, June 23-June occupation of Europe, 1933—45. 28, 1953, Estes Park, Colo. Ed. by Bert- IVA COHEN Necrology: United States1

ABELSON, PAUL, labor arbitrator, tchr, lec- BOMZE, NUCHIM, Yid. poet; b. Sasow, turer; b. Kovno, then Russia, Sept. 27, Galicia, Aug. 1907; d. N. Y. C, May 13, 1878; d. N. Y. C, Nov. 4, 1953; since 1954; pub. five vol. Yid. poetry in Poland 1911, impartial arbitrator in various in- 1929-41; came to U.S. 1948; pub. one dustries; admin, mem., NRA, for seven vol. Yid. poetry 1949; some of his poems apparel trade codes, 1933; treas. Fed. of tr. into Heb., Polish, Eng.; mem. Yid. Jewish Farmers of Am., 1905—20; co-fdr, Writers' Union, N. Y. Yid. P.E.N. Club. Madison House Settlement, 1898; charter BRAHINSKY, MANI LEIB (pseud. MANI mem. Nat. Acad. of Arbitrators; ed.-in- LEIB), Yid. poet, ed.; b. Nezhin, Russia, chief English-Yiddish Encyclopedic Dic- Dec. 20, 1883; d. N. Y. C, Oct. 4, 1953; tionary (1912); au. books and articles au. many vol. of Yid. poetry; staff mem. on educ, civics, industrial relations; tchr Jewish Daily Forward; Yid. tr. Russ. and extension div., Columbia Univ., JTS, Sch. Eng. poetry; ed. Yid. anthology New for Jewish Communal Work, Cornell. York in Verse; mem. Yid. Writers' Union ALPER, ABRAHAM THEODORE, lawyer; civic and Yid. P.E.N. Club; considered an out- leader; b. Everett, Mass., Sept. 22, 1901; standing Yid. lyric poet. d. Boston, Mass., Dec. 15, 1953; pres. New England Div., Am. Jewish Cong.; COHEN, FELIX S., atty, tchr, au.; b. mem. nat. exec, and nat. admin, com., N. Y. C, July 3, 1907; d. Washington, Am. Jewish Cong.; mem. bd. of dir., D.C., Oct. 19, 1953; helped draft Indian HIAS.; mem. exec, com., Mass. Civil Lib- Reorganization Act of 1934; asst solicitor erties Union. Dept of Interior 1933-43; mem. bd of ARKIN, LEON, advertising mngr, communal appeals Dept of Interior 1936—48, chmn leader; b. Grodno, then Russia, August 1940-48; chief Indian Law Survey, U.S. 1888; d. Bklyn, N. Y., Sept. 30, 1953; Dept of Justice, 1939—40; assoc. solicitor pres. Workmen's Circle, 1950-53; nat. Dept of Interior 1943-48; visiting prof. advertising mngr. Jewish Daily Forward, Yale Law School 1946-53 and City Col- 1948—53; mngr. Boston off. Jewish Daily lege of New York 1948-53; au. books Forward, 1926-48; v.-chmn. Jewish Labor and numerous articles on immigration, Com.; trustee Associated Jewish Philan- minorities, American Indian problems, thropies of Boston; fdr Dorchester Labor law, and ethics, including Ethical Systems Forum and its moderator for 20 yrs. and Legal Ideals (1933), Handbook of BADER, GERSHOM, Yid. au. and ed.; b. Federal Indian Law (1945), and Read- Cracow, Poland (Galician Austria), Aug. ings in Jurisprudence and Philosophy of 21, 1868; d. N. Y. C, Nov. 11, 1953; Law (1951; with his late father Morris contrib. to Yid. periodicals in Galician R. Cohen); leading champion of rights of Austria; founded Tageblatt, first Yid. daily American Indians. in Lemberg, then Austria, 1904; came to COHN, EDWIN JOSEPH, prof, of biological U.S. 1912; feature writer Jewish Morn- chemistry; b. N. Y. C, Dec. 17, 1892; ing Journal since 1927; au. short stories, d. Cambridge, Mass., Oct. 1, 1953; de- plays, sketches, Jewish Spiritual Heroes veloped the Cohn blood fractionation ma- (1940); hon. v.p., Fed. of Polish Jews chine (named in his honor); taught in Am. chemistry 1922—35; BERNON, MAURICE, lawyer, judge, civic headed Physical Chemistry Dept of Har- leader; b. Cleveland, O., Aug. 24, 1885; vard Med. Sch. 1935-49; Higgins Uni- d. Cleveland, O., March 23, 1954; Ohio versity Prof, at Harvard 1949-53; hon- State Senator 1913—14; municipal judge orary consultant medical department U.S. 1915-17; common pleas judge 1920-24; Navy, 1942-53; honorary degrees, awards, pres. Cleveland Bar Assoc. 1928; chmn. medals from Harvard, Amherst, Columbia, nat. council JDC 1947—54; nat. regions , Bern, Am. Chemical Soc, Am. chmn. UJA; pres. East Central Region Coll. of Phys.; Medal of Merit U.S. Govt. Council of Jewish Fed. and Welfare Fd.; 1948; au. books and numerous articles on first pres. Cleveland Jewish Vocational his research on proteins of the blood; his Service 1939; v.p. Cleveland Jewish Com- basic research in blood components was munity Fed. basis for discovery of gamma globulin,

'Including Jewish residents of the United States who died between July 1, 1953 and June 30, 1954. 568 NECROLOGY: UNITED STATES 569 serum albumin, liver extract, and other Nov. 22, 1953; taught at Columbia Uni- life-restoring blood fractions. versity, Massachusetts Inst. of Technology, DACHOWITZ, HlRSH, rabbi; b. Sakola (?), Med. College at New York Univ.; dir. Poland, Oct. 15, 1887; d. Bklyn, N. Y., Laboratory of Industrial Hygiene 1936— Nov. 16, 1953; served as rabbi in Vilna, 52; pres., Heb. Technical Inst.; au. several Poland, until 1922, when he came to books and monographs in his field. U.S.; rabbi Cong. Agudath Achim Anshei GEHRMAN, LUCY, Yid. actress; b. Warsaw, Libowitz, Bklyn, N. Y. 1922-53; senior Poland, 1889; d. N. Y. C, May 6, 1954; v.p. Union of Orthodox Rabbis of the for many yrs star in Yid. theatre; acted U.S. and Canada since 1930; chmn exec, with husband, and with Maurice Schwartz; com. Rabb. Bd. of Greater N. Y.; v.p. starred in Yid. movie Got, Mentsh, un Ezras Torah Relief Soc; authority on Jew- Tayvel. ish law; au. of two books and numerous GlNGOLD, PlNHAS M., Jewish educator, com- articles on homiletics. munal leader; b. Poland, May 15, 1894; DAVIDSON, CARRIE DREYFUSS (widow of d. N. Y. C, Sept. 20, 1953; fdr Nat. Dr. Israel Davidson [see AMERICAN JEW- Com. for Labor Israel; leader in Labor ISH YEAR BOOK, Vol. 41, p. 35-56]), Zion. Orgn of Am.; sec.-dir. Jewish Tchr ed., writer; b. Bklyn., N. Y., Feb. 12, Sem. and Folk Univ. 1920-40; dir. Jew- 1879; d. N. Y. C, Dec. 17, 1953; fdr ish Folk Sch. of the Labor Zion. Move- Nat. Women's League, United Synagogue ment; ed., Jewish educational pub. of Am.; edit, the Women's League Out- GINZBERG, Louis, Talmudic and Midrashic look 1930-53; estab. Davidson Memorial scholar; b. Kovno, then Russia, Nov. 28, Library at City College of N. Y. with gift 1873; d. N. Y. C, Nov. 11, 1953; prof, of her late husband's 7,500 vol. library of Talmud and Rabbinics, JTS, 1902-53; on medieval Heb. lit.; gave his collection a fdr of Am. Acad. for Jewish Research of mss to JTS.; au. Out of Endless Yearn- and pres. 1929—41; awarded hon. degrees ings (1946), memoir of Israel Davidson. from Harvard, Jewish Inst. of Rel., Drop- DICKSTEIN, SAMUEL, U.S. Congressman, sie, HUC, Brandeis Univ.; au. books and State Supreme Court justice; b. Russ., studies, inc. Genizah Studies (1909), Feb. 6, 1885; d. N. Y. C, April 22, Legends of the Jews (7 vols., 1909-28); 1954; mem. N. Y. C. Bd. of Aldermen Students, Scholars and Saints (1928), 1917-19; mem. N. Y. State Assembly Commentary on the Talmud of Jerusalem 1919-22; mem. U.S. Cong. 1923-45; (3 vols. completed, 1941). (For appre- State Supreme Court justice 1946—54; au- ciation, see p. 573.) thored and sponsored housing, kashrut, GOETZ, MILDRED BLOUT, civic leader; b. and immigration and naturalization laws; Washington, D.C., March 20, 1896; d. stimulated House to appoint special com. N. Y. C, Nov. 2, 1953; asst. sec. N. Y. C. to investigate Nazis and Communists Charter Revision Com. 1935-37; pres. 1934; chmn House Com. on Immigration N. Y. sec. Nat. Council of Jewish Women and Naturalization 1931—45; took lead- 1943-48; pres. NCJW Child Develop- ing role in protesting Nazi activities in ment Center; pres. Henry Kaufmann U.S. and Nazi persecution of Jews abroad. Campgrounds 1952-53; past v.-chmn bd EARLE, MIRIAM ADLER, communal leader; Com. for Refugee Educ; past v.p. United b. Bayonne, N. J., June 30, 1913; d. Service for New Americans; past exec. Maplewood, N. J., April 14, 1954; nat. sec. Jewish Inst. of Rel. membership chmn Women's Am. ORT GOLDENBERG, ASHER, cantor and rabbi; b. 1950—54; nat. v.p. and nat. convention Nograd, Hungary, Sept. 24, 1887; d. chmn Women's Am. ORT 1950 and N. Y. C, Feb. 13, 1954; chief cantor, 1952; mem. bd of dir. Am. ORT Fed.; Lundenburg, Austria; came to U.S. 1921; act. in local Jewish women's orgn. cantor, then cantor emeritus, Cong. Orach EINHORN, MAX, gastroenterologist; b. Chaim, N. Y. C, since 1936; past pres. Grodno, Poland, Jan. 10, 1862; d. Philadelphia Cantors Assoc; past v.p. N. Y. C, Sept. 25, 1953; faculty mem. Jewish Ministers Cantors Assoc. of U.S. Post-Graduate Med. Sch. and Hosp. 1889- and Canada; treas. Heb. Union Sch. of 1922; emeritus prof, of medicine 1922- Sacred Music; au. several works of syna- 53; inventor of stomach bucket and nu- gogue music; noted for restoring correct merous other surgical instruments; au. of use of Heb. accent in liturgical music. several books in field of gastroenterology; GOLUB, JACOB JOSHUA, phys. and hosp. developed generally accepted Einhorn admin.; b. Russia, July 25, 1891; d. treatment for non-operative ulcers; donated N. Y. C, Sept. 22, 1953; U.S. Public to Lenox Hill Hosp. the Max and Flora Health Service 1918-20; med. and health Einhorn Memorial, an annex devoted to commr JDC in Volhynia, Ukraine 1921— care of patients with gastroenterological 23 and in Poland 1923-24; med. dir. and ailments. exec. v.p. Hosp. for Joint Diseases 1929— FALK, KAUFMAN GEORGE, chemist; b. 52; leading hosp. planner; v. chmn N. Y. C, Sept. 8, 1880; d. N. Y. C, master-plan group Hosp. Council of N. Y.; 570 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK consultant in planning Rothschild-Hadas- er; acquired a Gutenberg Bible (now in sah Hosp. and Heb. Univ. Med. Sch. in Library of Cong.). Israel; chmn JDC's Health Com. for war- KLAVAN, JOSHUA, rabbi; b. Janishki, Lithu- stricken areas. ania, August 1884; d. Mt. Vernon, N. Y., GUTSTADT, RICHARD ELIAS, communal • July 29, 1953; rabbi, Burlington, Vt., leader; b. San Francisco, Cal., May 13, 1925-35; rabbi, Cong. Talmud Torah, 1888; d. Chicago, 111., May 22, 1954; a Washington, D.C., 1935-53; head of com- fdr Anti-Defamation League of B'nai bined Orthodox cong. Washington, D.C., B'rith; nat. membership dir. B'nai B'rith 1935—53; a fdr and bd mem. Ner Israel 1930-31; dir. special activities B'nai Rabbinical Coll., Baltimore, Md.; hon. B'rith 1931-32; nat. dir. ADL 1931-48; pres. Heb. Acad. of Washington. exec, v.-chmn ADL 1948-54; authority LEVY, HELEN YEAMANS, philanthropist; b. on Am. fascist movement before World N. Y. C, 1887 (?); d. N. Y. C, May War II; act. in local and nat. Jewish 20, 1954; contributed (with husband) affairs. $1,000,000 to estab. the Joseph and Helen HYMAN, TILLIE ENDEL, communal leader; Yeamans Levy Fdn for medical research, b. New Orleans, La., 1875 (?); d. Beth Israel Hosp.; a dir. Beth Abraham N. Y. C, July 19, 1953; dir., then chmn Home, Hadassah, Palestine Lighthouse; a of bd, then treas. Central Jewish Inst., fdr Soc. for the Advancement of Judaism; past treas. Women's League of the United contrib. to Fed. of Jewish Philanthropies Synagogue; past v.p. and dir. of N. Y. and UJA. YM-YWHA. LEWIS, LEON LAWRENCE, lawyer, communal IGNATOFF, DAVID, Yid. writer; b. Brusilov, leader; b. Hurley, Wise, Sept. 5, 1888; d. Russia, Oct. 14, 1885; d. Bklyn., N. Y., Los Angeles, Cal., May 20, 1954; nat. Feb. 26, 1954; au. numerous Yid. works: exec. dir. Anti-Defamation League of B'nai short stories, novels, plays, children's B'rith 1913-25; internat. exec. sec. B'nai stories; edit. lit. quarterly Sbriftn 1912- B'rith 1923-25; fdr and ed. B'nai B'rith 14, 1919-21, 1925-26; founded "Amer- Magazine 1923-25; initiated B'nai B'rith ica," Yid. publishing house; chmn. Art Hillel Fdn movement; in charge of South Center, Cong, for Jewish Culture; mngr California investigation of Nazi activities membership dept, HIAS, 1915-54. in Los Angeles Superior Courts 1934; exec, JASSINOWSKY, PlNCHOS, cantor and comp.; dir. Community Relations Com. Los An- b. Ukraine, Russia, Aug. 24, 1886; d. geles Jewish Community Council 1933-45. N. Y. C, June 25, 1954; cantor Jewish LEWISOHN, MARGARET SELIGMAN (widow Center, N. Y. C, 1920-54; au. and comp. of Sam A. Lewisohn [see AMERICAN JEW- of numerous cantatas, hymns, synagogue ISH YEAR BOOK, 1952, Vol. 53, p. 525]), music, and children's songs; v.p. Soc. of educator, civic leader; b. N. Y. C, Feb. Jewish Composers and Songwriters; chmn 14, 1895; d. near Beacon, N. Y., June 14, music com. Jewish Ministers Cantors 1954; chmn Women's City Club Educ. Assoc. Com. 1930-36; chmn bd of trustees Lit- tle Red Schoolhouse 1936-40; mem. educ. KAHAN, JOSEPH, ed.; b. Poland, 1878; d. com. Museum of Modern Art 1936-44; Washington, D.C., Sept. 28, 1953; act. in mem. bd of trustees Bennington Coll. revolutionary movement, Russian Poland; 1939-46; dir. Public Educ. Assoc. 1941- came to U.S. 1903; participated in Jewish 54, mem. bd of dir. PEA 1941-46 and anarchist movement and progressive educ; chmn 1946-54; mem. bd of trustees Vas- fdr Ferrer Sch. and Colony, Stelton, N. J.; sar Coll. 1947-54; mem. bd of Nat. Citi- mngr Freie Arbeter Shtime 1920 and ed. zens Comm. Museum of Modern Art, Inst. many years after 1921. of Internat. Educ, All Day Neighborhood KAPELL, WILLIAM, pianist; b. N. Y. C, Sch.; mem. adv. bd on vocational educ. Sept. 20, 1922; d. Oct. 29, 1953; winner, N. Y. C. Bd of Educ. Naumberg Fdn competition 1941; Town LlEBOVITZ, HANNAH WEINBERG, philan- Hall Endowment Series Award 1942; thropist; b. 1884 (?); d. N. Y. C, Nov. toured U.S., Europe, South America, Aus- 24, 1953; one of first mem. of Hadassah; tralia as recitalist and soloist with leading hon. chmn women's div. UJA; a fdr of orchestras; considered by music experts as women's div. Soc. for the Advancement of one of ten top virtuoso pianists. Judaism; ldr in war relief and Red Cross KAUFFMANN, FELIX I., rare book dealer; b. work in both World Wars. Frankfort on the Main, Germany, Feb. 7, LUBELL, JACOB J., manufacturer, philan- 1878; d. N. Y. C, Nov. 15, 1953; owner thropist; b. Russia, 1873 (?); d. N. Y. C, of I. Kauffmann, publishing and book sell- Feb. 27, 1954; a fdr and dir. Central Jew- ing firm, Frankfort (founded by grand- ish Inst. and Cejwin Camps; mem. fdr father 1832), specializing in Judaica and com. Yeshiva Univ.; former mem. Jewish Hebraica; act. in local Jewish communal Educ. Com. and Business Men's Council affairs; liaison between Jewish community Fed. of Jewish Philanthropies of N. Y. of Frankfort and Nazi Govt.; came to U.S. MARGOLIS, MENASHE, rabbi; b. Grodno, 1941; resumed activities as rare book deal- Poland, 1868 (?); d. Bklyn., N. Y., June NECROLOGY: UNITED STATES 571 2, 1954; for many years pres. Assembly of emotionally disturbed patients; consulting Orthodox Rabbis in Am.; wrote on Jewish psychiatrist, Mount Sinai, 1953—54; in his affairs. honor Mount Sinai estab. the Clarence P. MARX, ALEXANDER, historian and librarian; Oberndorf Visiting Psychiatrist Program; b. Elberfeld, Germany, January 29, 1878; clinical prof, of psychiatry, Columbia Univ. d. N. Y. C, Dec. 26, 1953; prof, of hist. 1936—53; past pres. numerous professional and dir. of libraries JTS, 1903-53; mem. assoc, includ. Am. Psychoanalytic Assoc, pub. com. Jewish Pub. Soc. of Am.; pres. Psychiatry, Am. Psychopathological Assoc; Kohut Memorial Fdn; fellow and past assoc. ed., International Journal of Psycho- pres. Am. Acad. of Jewish Research; fellow analysis; au. of 3 books and more than 125 Medieval Acad. of Am.; v.p. Am. Jewish articles. Hist. Soc; au. numerous books and studies, PETLUCK, ALICE S., lawyer, civic leader; b. incl. A History of the Jewish People (with Bar, Russia, July 23, 1873; d. N. Y. C, ) (1924); Studies in Jewish Dec. 4, 1953; first woman lawyer to prac- History and Booklore (1944); Essays in tice in Federal District Court Southern Jewish Biography (1947); reed hon. de- Dist. of N. Y.; first woman to argue case grees from Jewish Inst. of Rel., HUC, in Appellate Div. First Dept; fdr and for- Dropsie College. (For appreciation, see mer dir. Bronx Women's Bar Assoc; act. p. 579.) in local civic and communal orgn., incl. MENDELSOHN, ERIC, architect; b. Allenstein, Women's Am. ORT, Mizrachi Woman's Germany, March 21, 1887; d. San Fran- Orgn. cisco, Cal., Sept. 15, 1953; built Albert RlBALOW, MENACHEM, Heb. writer and ed.; Einstein Tower, Potsdam, an astrophysical b. Chudnow, Russia, Feb. 17, 1895; d. inst. designed to test Einstein's theory of N. Y. C, Sept. 17, 1953; edit. Heb. peri- relativity; Universum Cinema, , pio- odicals in Russia and Poland; came to neer of modern movie houses; designed U.S. 1921; fdr and ed. Hadoar 1921-53; Hadassah-Rothschild Univ. Hosp. in Jeru- sec. Histadruth Ivrith (Heb. Fed. of Am.) salem, British Govt Hosp. in Haifa; Chaim 1922-23; v.p. 1927-53; co-pres. World Weizmann's residence in Rehoboth; came Heb. Fed.; ed. Sefer Hashanah (Am. Heb. to U. S. 1941; consultant War Dept. yr book); au. several Heb. books and one 1942—44; built many synagogue-commu- Yid. book; contrib. to numerous period- nity centers (Cleveland, St. Louis, Balti- icals. more, St. Paul, Grand Rapids, Dallas); ROSEN, JOSEPH, rabbi; b. Russia, 1863 (?); built the Maimonides Health Center, San d. Passaic, N. J., Sept. 24, 1953; served Francisco; commissioned to design me- Shomre- Synagogue, Bklyn., N. Y. morial in N. Y. C. for six million Jews 1923-28; rabbi Chevra Te'hilin Syna- slain in Europe; lectured at Columbia, gogue, Passaic, N. J., 1928-53; chief Or- Yale, Harvard, Univ. of Michigan; au. thodox rabbi Passaic; past v.p. Union of five books on architecture and numerous Orthodox Rabbis of the U.S. and Canada; other works. pres. Union of New Jersey Orthodox Rab- MOSCOWITZ, JENNIE, actress; b. Jassy, Ru- bis 1942—45; mem. bd of ordination mania, 1868 (?); d. N. Y. C, July 26, Yeshiva Univ. 1928-39. 1953; made stage debut in Sarah Bern- RUDINOW, MOSHE, cantor; b. Odessa, Russia, hardt's Camille, Jassy; came to U.S. 1888; 1891 (?); d. Oakland, Cal., Nov. 14, played supporting role to leading stars of 1953; sang opera in Kiev, Russia; concert Yid. stage (Jacob Adler, David Kessler, stage, Palestine; fdr Palestine Opera Com- Boris Tomashefsky); acted with Jewish pany; came to U.S. 1928; cantor Temple Art Theatre; went on Broadway stage sup- Emanu-El, N. Y. 1928-48; mem. exec, porting David Warfield; final stage appear- council Am. Chazan-Ministers. ance in Counsellor-at-Law, supporting SCHAUSS, HAYYIM, Jewish historian, au. and Paul Muni 1943; famous for roles depict- tchr; b. Gorzd, , May 8, 1884; ing Jewish mother. d. Los Angeles, Cal., Oct. 4, 1953; prof, OBERNDORF, CLARENCE PAUL, psychiatrist; of Bible and Jewish hist. Jewish Tchr b. N. Y. C, Feb. 16, 1882; d. N. Y. C, Sem., N. Y., 1918-48; faculty mem. Coll. May 30, 1954; founding mem. New York of Jewish Studies and Univ. of Judaism, Psychoanalytic Society 1911; worked with Los Angeles, Cal., 1948—52; au. several Sigmund Freud 1922; helped estab. Com. Yid. books on Jewish hist., incl. 4-vol. his- on Mental Health Among Jews (developed tory of the Jews; au. Jewish Festivals into Hillside Hospital, Queens) 1919; org. (1938) and Lifetime of a Jew (1950); psychiatric service at what is now Pleasant- au. numerous articles on Bible and Jewish ville Cottage Sch., Jewish Child Care hist, in Yid. periodicals and newspapers. Assoc. 1925; dir. of psychiatry and mem. SCHEINMAN, BENJAMIN JOSEPH, lawyer, bd of dir., JCCA; assoc. psychiatrist, judge, civic leader; b. Detroit, Mich., Dec. Mount Sinai Hosp. 1913-39; org._ first psychiatric outpatient clinic in U.S.; intro- 18, 1896; d. Los Angeles, Cal., Feb. 18, duced occupational therapy for ambulatory 1954; deputy dist. any Los Angeles 1925- 30; Municipal Court judge 1931-37; Su- 572 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK perior Court judge 1937-54; assisted in Vaad ; past mem. bd of dir. Rabbi setting up court system in Berlin 1945—46; Isaac Elchanan Theol. Sem. Silver Beaver Award of Boy Scouts for dis- TAEUBLER, EUGENE, historian, prof., au.; b. tinguished service; Cross of the Legion of Gostinin, Poland, 1879; d. Cincinnati, O., Honor by the Order of DeMolay for August 13, 1953; fdr and dir. Central achievement in control of juvenile delin- Archives of the Jews in Germany 1906- quency 1943; co-chmn Am. Brotherhood 19; ed. Mitteilungen des Gesamtarchivs der Week 1948; exec. com. mem. Am. Jewish deutschen Juden 1908-15; lecturer in an- Com. cient hist. Univ. of Berlin 1919; dir. Acad. SCHULTE, LUISE MEYER, civic leader; b. San of Jewish Research, Berlin 1919; taught Francisco, Cal., (?), Feb. 18, 1910; d. hist, at Universities of Zurich and later Stamford, Conn., June 23, 1954; past Heidelberg until 1933; research prof, and mem. Mayor's Com. on the Aged in N. Y., lecturer in Bible and Hellenistic lit., HUC, N. Y. Comm. on Charitable Solicitations, Cincinnati, O., until 1951; au. several Com. for Coordinating Jewish Community books and monographs in his field, ind. Services for Veterans; mem. bd of dir. Imperium Romanum (1913); Terremare Council Child Development Center in und Rom (1932). N. Y.; mem. Welfare and Health Council WALD, ROSE FlSCHEL, communal leader; b. of N. Y. C; v.p. Jewish Bd of Guardians; N. Y. C, Nov. 24, 1900; d. N. Y. C, May mem. admin, and exec. com. Am. Jewish 18, 1954; mem. bd of dir. Fed. of Jewish Com. Women's Orgn; past ed. Fed. pub. Hori- SHUNFENTHAL, CHAIM, rabbi, tchr; b. zons; Fed. rep. internat. com. on educ. Nat. 1884 (?); d. N. Y. C, Dec. 6, 1953; prof, Council of Jewish Women; mem. exec, of Talmud Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theol. com. Women's Branch, Union of Orthodox Sem. and Yeshiva Univ. for over 20 yrs. Jewish Cong, of Am. SILVERSMITH, JOSEPH, insurance exec, civic WEINBERG, AARON O., lawyer, communal leader; b. N. Y. C, Aug. 8, 1892; d. Den- leader; b. Russia, Jan. 25, 1888; d. ver, Colo., Feb. 7, 1954; pres. Nat. Jewish N. Y. C, May 4, 1954; mem., admin, com. Hosp. 1953-54; mem. bd of trustees 14 Nat. Com. for Labor Israel; chmn Work- yrs; fdr and former pres. Nat. Insurance men's Circle Div., Histadrut Campaign; Company; act. in local civic and communal mem. bd of dir. Yid. Scientific Inst. affairs. WlLENSKY, MARY, Yid. actress; b. Warsaw, STARK, LOUIS, labor reporter, editl writer; b. Poland, April, 1874; d. N. Y. C, Sept. 5, Tibold Daracz, Hungary, May 1, 1889; d. 1953; acted in troupe under Jacob Adler; N. Y. C, May 17, 1954; gen. and labor noted for roles as comedienne. reporter New York Times 1917-33; ZIFF, WILLIAM BERNARD, au., ed., pub.; b. Washington bureau 1933—51; editl dept Chicago, 111., August 1, 1898; d. N. Y. C, 1951—54; contrib. to numerous periodi- Dec. 20, 1953; ed. numerous magazines; cals; Pulitzer Prize for labor reporting fdr and chmn bd of dir. Ziff-Davis Pub. 1942. Co. 1933-53; consultant U.S. Dept. of STAVISKY, ABRAHAM M., textile merchant, Justice 1942—43; pres. Zion. Revisionist communal leader; b. Makowa, Poland, Oct. Orgn of Am. 1935; au. The Rape of Pales- 29, 1876; d. Atlantic City, N. J., Nov. tine (1938), The Coming Battle of Ger- 15, 1953; elected life mem. and mem. nat. many (1942), The Gentlemen Talk of exec, bd Mizrachi Orgn of Am.; past treas. Peace (1944). LOUIS GINZBERG

N NOVEMBER 11, 1954, Prof. Louis Ginzberg died in New York City at the O age of eighty. He had added lustre to the long lines of distinguished scholars and saints who formed his ancestry, and to the even longer line of rabbinic tradition which had reached a new peak through his life. His family included such timeless geniuses as Rabbi Mordecai Yoffe (1530— 1612), author of the famous code of Talmudic law known as Lebushim; Rabbi Moses Ribkas (seventeenth century), author of the Beer ha-Golah, contain- ing notes on Rabbi Joseph Caro's Shulhan Aruk; Rabbi Aryeh Loeb ben Asher (eighteenth century), the author of the famous collection of Shaagat Aryeh Responsa, as well as the great codifier, Rabbi Moses Isserles (ca. 1520-1572), whose supplement to Caro's code of Talmudic law is generally accepted as the guide for religious practice among all German, Polish, and other Central European and East European Jews. On his mother's side, Louis Ginzberg belonged to the family of the Gaon of Vilna (Rabbi Elijah Gaon, 1720-97), the most illustrious Jewish family in Lithuania. Through blood- kinship and marriage Professor Ginzberg was related to almost every out- standing Jewish scholar in Lithuania and Poland. Louis Ginzberg had mastered the wisdom to be garnered from such noted rabbinical schools as those of Telshe and Slobodka in Lithuania, and had added studies at the German universities of Berlin, , and Heidel- berg. This early education had been supplemented by the experience of half a century in America. Rare genius and diversified life in different civiliza- tions had combined to produce in him immense learning, profound insights, vivid imagination, and extraordinary wisdom in the conduct of human af- fairs. Thus his lifework can be considered either as a commentary on the modern scene drawn from ancient religious texts, or a commentary on an- cient religious texts drawn from the modern scene. Louis Ginzberg's whole life, as he himself remarked, bore the indelible stamp of his great-granduncle, the Gaon of Vilna; and was deeply marked, too, by influences emanating from the example of his father, the erudite and pious Rabbi Isaac Ginzberg (who modestly never accepted rabbinic office, but insisted on earning his livelihood as a merchant), and Rabbi Israel Salan- ter, the founder of the ethicist, musar movement among the Lithuanian rab- binic academicians. Born in Kovno in 1873, the scholar's childhood training was typical of Lithuanian Jewry at its best. He was the object of great affec- tion and tenderness toward his spirit, rather than his body, directing his development into a worthy scion of his distinguished ancestors. The particu- lar stress on the example of the Gaon of Vilna which pursued blue-eyed Louis Ginzberg from the cradle to the grave was said to reflect a family tra- 573 574 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK dition that, like the Gaon of Vilna, its future Gaon would have blue eyes. Those blue eyes determined the course of his life. As often happens, legend tended to fulfill itself. Because the Gaon had begun his schooling at the age of three, it was considered improper for the infant Louis Ginzberg to play; he could not engage in the slightest frivolity without being reminded that that was not the way the Gaon had behaved at his age. Instead of driving the child away from Torah study, these admonitions, combined as they were with care, tenderness, and admiration of his astonish- ing precocity, impressed on him a profound sense of responsibility for the future of Torah. His rare gifts of memory and imagination and his tireless assiduity brought distinction as a promising scholar before he was bar mitz- vah. At fifteen he had learned discussions with some of the outstanding scholars of the day, including the great Rabbi Isaac Elhanan Spektor, the world famous rabbi of Kovno. Louis Ginzberg's teachers hoped that he would remain at the Lithuanian yeshivot, and ultimately head one of them. But this plan was abandoned because of the insomnia and physical weakness which developed as he ap- proached his twentieth year. Yielding to the pleading of Louis Ginzberg's mother, his father somewhat reluctantly agreed that the young scholar should leave Lithuania. For some years the future professor remained with his parents in Amsterdam, supplementing his wide and profound rabbinic learn- ing with Western science and humanities. About 1895, Louis Ginzberg left Amsterdam for further studies in secular science at the German universities. In 1898, he received a doctorate from the University of Heidelberg. After a short stay in Amsterdam he went to New York City, where he foresaw the possible development of a center of Jewish learning. The Jewish Encyclopedia, destined to become the first great con- tribution of American Jewry to Jewish scholarship, was then projected, and Louis Ginzberg became one of its moving spirits, a major influence in its planning. He was formally the editor of the material on rabbinical literature, but actually a large part of the first volume and much of the later volumes was planned, edited, or written by him. In 1902, and Cyrus Adler, heads of the reorganized Jewish Theological Seminary of America, invited Louis Ginzberg to be its professor of Talmud and senior member of the faculty, posts he held for the rest of his life. His more than five decades at the Seminary were spent in unceasing effort to translate the Talmud, and the innumerable commen- taries and codes based on it, into a philosophy of life capable of guiding the modern world. He tried to achieve this goal in three different ways, through research, guidance to others, and discipline over himself. In all three he followed the example set by the Gaon of Vilna. Because the Gaon had regarded study of the Talmud primarily as a guide to the correct practice of Judaism, he had, unlike many of his predecessors, not been content with study of the Babylonian Talmud alone. Since the Babylonian Geonim most codifiers, and since Maimonides virtually all of them, had derived their norms principally from the Babylonian Talmud. The Gaon of Vilna, convinced that studies and research in the Land of LOUIS GINZBERG 575 Israel for centuries after the completion of the Mishna could not have been wasted, studied all the rabbinic writings with assiduous care. While he rec- ognized the primacy of the Babylonian Talmud for legal decisions, he sup- plemented its rules with those emanating from its sister compilations. The Gaon in the interpretation of ancient works had also relied more on the rishonim, the early commentators and codifiers, than on their modern successors. The Babylonian Geonim (Rab Saadia, Rab Hai, Rab Sherira, and their disciples) and Rabbenu Hananel and Rabbenu Nissim in North Africa had lived so near the time of the Talmud that their interpretations had seemed to him preferable by far to those of their Eastern European and Central European successors of later ages. The Gaon had thus felt free to offer interpretations of the Mishna at variance with those accepted in the academic circles of his time. In his notes to the Shulhan Aruk, the Gaon had proposed rulings that were startling in their novelty but unquestionably based on careful, critical research into the books of the rishonim and oc- casionally on new insights into the relationship of Babylonian and Galilean traditions. These attitudes of the Gaon had exercised a profound influence on Rabbi Aryeh Leib Rashkes of Shnipishok (a suburb of Vilna), with whom Louis Ginzberg lived and studied for some years. From this great scholar Professor Ginzberg doubtless derived his lifelong devotion to the study of the Yeru- shalmi and its kindred works, as well as his abiding concern with the ap- proach of the rishonim to Jewish law. Professor Ginzberg was able to bring new instruments to serve ancient studies. Wide reading in Greek and Latin and mastery of Western methods of critical analysis and research he transformed into tools for unearthing hidden gems of the Talmud. With incredible speed, he collected from the hellenistic and patristic literature materials emanating from Jewish sources and reflecting rabbinic ideas, and utilized them for reestablishment and in- terpretation of ancient texts. Most of this material was of aggadic rather than halakic nature, for the church fathers and the hellenistic writers were scarcely interested in talmudic law. Dr. Ginzberg's doctoral thesis, "Die Haggadah bei den Kirchenvatern," was thus the first result of his effort to bridge the chasm between western and rabbinic learning. Out of this initial study there emerged the immense compilation, The Legends of the Jews, containing almost all the aggadic material bearing on scripture in Jewish tradition. This is not only an invaluable encyclopedia of Jewish lore, but in two volumes of notes provides a running commentary on much of the Apochrypha and Pseudepigrapha, as well as the talmudic midrashim. In these notes legends are traced to their pre-Biblical origin, and through the labyrinth of the rabbinic academies and the writings influenced by them—from such works as the Book of Jubilees and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, to the latest midrashim and the church fathers. At this time, Professor Ginzberg was attracted to the study of a most sig- nificant document unearthed by Schechter among the manuscripts of the Genizah. This was clearly a code of law of a forgotten Jewish sect, which had flourished in Judea toward the end of the Second Commonwealth and 576 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK had ultimately fled to Damascus. Schechter had published the text of the code with an English translation and learned notes. Professor Ginzberg, focusing on this code his immense knowledge of talmudic law, and com- paring the theology of the document with the theologies of the Pharisees and the Sadducees, demonstrated that the hitherto unknown sect had belonged, in general, to the Pharisaic tradition. This insight has been brilliantly con- firmed by later studies, as well as by discoveries of new manuscripts ap- parently from the same sect or groups akin to it. Part of Professor Ginzberg's work on this sect remained unpublished and is expected to appear post- humously. From Louis Ginzberg's own viewpoint, these excursions into aggadic stud- ies and the theology of special sects were introductions to his main concern— the rabbinic halakah or guide to conduct. The first student of our time who had really mastered the domain of halakah as well as Western method, he felt a deep responsibility to impart to his pupils and to succeeding genera- tions not only the results of his discoveries, but—no less important—concern with the field. His publication of the responsa of the Geonim, recovered from Genizah manuscripts, brought to light a larger number of such decisions than had ever before been published in a single work; and his discussions of these responsa are major contributions to the history of Judaism and to the philological interpretation both of the Talmud and of later books. In the first volume of the Geonica, the English reader was introduced for the first time to the intricacies of the problems surrounding the work of the Baby- lonian academicians, the interrelation of the French and Spanish versions of the Halakot Gedolot (the most extensive Geonic code), the nature of the ritual described by Rab Amram Gaon and its relation to earlier and later writings, the differences between the customs and methods of study of the two great Babylonian centers of learning at Sura and Pumbedita, and the relation of both to contemporary Galilean scholarship. Because of his concern for halakah, Dr. Ginzberg made a Herculean effort to master and interpret the intricacies of the Talmud of Jerusalem and other studies emanating from the ancient rabbinical sages of the Holy Land. The tradition from which these works emerged had been interrupted at the time of the Crusades, so that they have no continuous chain of interpretation, as does the Babylonian Talmud. Reconstruction of the teachings in the great rabbinical schools of Tiberias, Sepphoris, and Caesarea during the centuries after the compilation of the Mishna is a task which might well daunt the courage of even the boldest scholar. Professor Ginzberg was determined to penetrate these mysteries, and also to understand why the schools of the Land of Israel often differed in their conclusions from their sister institutions in Babylonia. He began his publications in this field with an edition of all the known fragments of the Talmud of Jerusalem from the Genizah, in a work called Seride Yerushalmi. In his later studies in midrash and aggadah, in the second memorial volume to Solomon Schechter, he added new material on the Yeru- shalmi, as well as a great collection of early and late midrashim. He entered on what he regarded as his lifework in 1937, with the prepara- LOUIS GINZBERG 577 tion of his superb Commentary on the Talmud of Jerusalem, notable for its acumen and erudition even in the great tradition of rabbinic studies. Pur- porting to be primarily a commentary on the Yerushalmi, this study actually is dedicated to a consideration of the whole problem of Jewish traditional lore, and in it Professor Ginzberg shows to what extent the spirit of the Yeru- shalmi differs from that of the Babylonian Talmud, frequently tracing the development of strands of the law from early tannaitic times through the Talmud and into the later centuries of the Geonim. In the final seventeen years of his life Professor Ginzberg barely com- pleted the commentary on the first treatise of the Talmud of Jerusalem, Berakot. Fragments of the commentary on other treatises were prepared and will be published posthumously. While he thus finished only a small portion of the gigantic task he had set for himself, enough is contained in these vol- umes to indicate the general nature of his approach and his method. He was far more concerned to present this example of the manner in which he approached the ancient tradition than to complete his commentary. And in this he entirely succeeded. While preoccupied with these exegetical studies Professor Ginzberg was always concerned also with an analysis of the sociological forces that helped mold halakic decisions and aggadic views of different periods. He discovered that many of the differences between the schools of Shammai and Hillel were apparently related to different social backgrounds, and that, on the whole, the Shammaitic scholars were drawn from the upper strata of Jerusalem society, the Hillelite scholars from the less opulent groups. Characteristically, he devoted to this major thesis only a brief Hebrew lecture, published as a pamphlet, Mekomah shel ha-Halakah be-Hokmat Yisrael. In his concern for the future of Jewish law no less than for its history, Professor Ginzberg carried for many years the burdens of chairman of the Committee on Jewish Law of the United Synagogue of America, receiving many questions about problems of Jewish tradition and its significance in the practical world. Some of his replies are classics of responsa literature, and the most comprehensive is his responsum on the ceremonies of kiddush and habdalah. This responsum is really a book, one of the longest in the whole history of rabbinic Judaism, and indicates his unsurpassed erudition, his keen insight, and the manner in which he would have proceeded had he carried out his plan for the revivification of Talmudic law in our time. As in the case of his other writings, in his responsa Professor Ginzberg was far more concerned to delineate a method than to exhaust a subject. His re- sponsa are models of research, and suggest areas for creative activity in Tal- mudic law, based on ample study of the wisdom of the ages and the problems of the present day. However, no student of Professor Ginzberg's written works alone will have adequate knowledge of the greatness of the master, as revealed in his dealings with his fellow human beings. In the course of his life he succeeded in the creation of a personality at once charming and disciplined, wise and humane, loving and just, rigorously loyal to tradition and charitably cog- nizant of the problems emerging from it. 578 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK During his youthful days in Slobodka, he had been greatly attracted by the teachings of Rabbi Isaac Blaser, one of the closest disciples of Rabbi Israel Salanter. Rabbi Blaser's saintliness made him one of the most revered and effective teachers of his day, and his piety so affected Louis Ginzberg that throughout his long life he followed many practices enjoined by the musar teachers. The discipline of silence to which he had been subjected each year for forty days before the Day of Atonement became in more mature life a dis- cipline of rigidly controlled conversation. His self-restraint in discourse was the more remarkable because it was combined with the charm of the racon- teur. The world of his boyhood, as well as the world of the Talmud, became alive and vibrant in the stories Professor Ginzberg related. The astonish- ingly broad repertoire of touching and witty tales with which he would re- gale his guests at the Sabbath and festival table, as well as his pupils in class, were reminiscent of the teachers of the Talmud itself. The stories were told with such simplicity children loved to listen, and with such profundity that scholars would find that the time had been well spent. Yet never, in many hours of conversation, would he cast a shadow on the character of any in- dividual, living or dead. "Evil talk," the vice that, according to the Talmud, pursues us all constantly, was foreign to him. Louis Ginzberg never permitted his preoccupation with study to deflect him from the commandment to participate in the world of men through acts of personal generosity. As long as his health permitted, he made it a rule to visit the sick, comfort the bereaved, and personally look after the needy, whether among colleagues or students. Many recall the strength he brought in moments of sorrow, disappointment, or bereavement. A host of scholars in America and abroad testify to the help offered by Louis Ginzberg— whether in research, in subsistence, or in funds for publication of their books. His home became a rendezvous of scholars and admiring laymen, as well as youngsters (besides his adored grandchildren), whom he loved with special affection. Every Sabbath and festival afternoon, as well as every holiday meal, would assemble admiring groups who came for instruction and inspiration. Tirelessly and devotedly, his life companion, Adele Katzenstein Ginzberg, would arrange his schedule of visitors (remembering men of learning to whom time had been unkind, as well as Seminary students), and help her learned husband follow in the footsteps of his ancestors as host to scholars, whether needy or not, and to the needy, whether scholarly or not. Their son Eli, now professor of economics at , and their daughter Sophy, now married to Professor Bernard Gould of the Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology, themselves continue the family tradition. Next to his home, his personality shone most brilliantly in the synagogue. After the death of Schechter, guidance of the Seminary synagogue fell to Professor Ginzberg, and he continued to be its parnes (president) until his death. Almost inevitably he determined its customs, generally according to the norms set down by the Gaon of Vilna. Louis Ginzberg's dignity as head of the synagogue, his dedication to the service of God through the syna- gogue, and his profound love for Jewish ritual communicated themselves LOUIS GINZBERG 579 to all present and made the institution an extension of his very being. A tremor, almost palpable, passed through the congregation when toward the end of the fast on the Day of Atonement he would approach the reader's desk to recite the Neilah service. The ancient melodies, rendered with beauty and skill, combined with the stirring words and his obvious absorption in the prayers, communicated to all a profound sense of the ineffable holiness of the place and the time. In his earlier years, he would read not only the Neilah service on Yom Kippur, but also the morning service; and sometimes he would read this service also on Rosh ha-Shanah and other festivals. The modern scholar, trained in German universities, would disappear in the intimacy of the ancient service; and before the Ark of the Torah there would stand the successor to the authors of the Shaagat Aryeh and the Le- bush. He tried to transmit to the host of lay readers his reverence for his great teachers and forebears in a series of essays and biographies, published as Students, Saints, Scholars, and in his introduction to his Commentary on the Talmud of Jerusalem, which appeared in both Hebrew and English. Yet even his skill with words was inadequate to portray more than a reflection of the profound inspiration he drew from the tradition which so thoroughly permeated him. Louis Ginzberg's great model, known to later generations as the Gaon, Rabbi Elijah, was called by his own contemporaries, Rabbi Elijah the Saint. Those who saw Louis Ginzberg in his home, in the classroom, walking through the street, working in his study, praying in the synagogue, felt when he left them that they had parted from a saint, even as they had lost the foremost teacher of their time. Louis FINKELSTEIN ALEXANDER MARX

LEXANDER MARX was one of ten children in the household of Gertrude A and George Marx, a merchant in Elberfeld on the Rhine. Born in 1878, he moved to Koenigsberg with his family in 1885. After his graduation from the gymnasium in 1895 and a semester at the University of Koenigsberg, he was sent, in consequence of his parents' plan to have him train for the rabbinate, to the town of Halberstadt, where he spent a year with Rabbi Joseph Nobel in intensive study of the Talmud. His absorption in this study made Marx sufficiently proficient in rabbinic literature, and although he did not pursue his talmudic interest in later years, he taught the subject at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America for a time. Moreover, in his last years he undertook—but unfortunately did not see—the publication of a unique manuscript of the Tractate Aboda Zara. Marx spent the year 1896-1897 as a student in Berlin. Upon his return to Koenigsberg in 1897 he entered the local university. In the course of the years he spent there he performed the remarkable feat of reading—and oc- casionally studying—every book in the not inconsiderable collection of He- braica and Judaica at the university library. In his academic years he also benefited greatly from studies in ancient history under Prof. Franz Ruehl, who at the same time trained him in the proper methods of examining and utilizing ancient manuscripts. His doctoral thesis was not defended until June 1903, but the year before was spent in Berlin. By the time Marx concluded his work at Koenigsberg he knew full well that his field of interest was Jewish scholarship and no other pursuit. His attendance in Berlin at the Rabbinic-Seminar was for the purpose of learning from the men who taught there, men like Jacob Barth, Abraham Berliner, and David Hoffmann. He cherished these men and revered them, particu- larly Hoffmann, who, in addition to being his teacher, also became Marx's father-in-law. His deepest gratitude and his most loyal devotion were reserved for Moritz Steinschneider, the illustrious bibliographer and the outstanding Jewish scholar of the nineteenth century. Marx heard Stein- schneider's lectures at the Veitel-Heine-Ephraimsche Lehranstalt, and spent many long hours with him besides. From Steinschneider, Marx acquired his love of the Jewish book and his wide sweep in Jewish book lore. Both in his interests and in his methods he bears the imprint of his renowned teacher and friend. All his life, Marx never tired of speaking or writing about his master, and never felt that he had quite said all that should have been said about him. Fellow-students of his under Steinschneider report that Marx was the favorite pupil, and he himself, with all his reticence, implied as much. It would undoubtedly have gratified the teacher no end to read A. S. 580 ALEXANDER MARX 581 W. Rosenbach's comment: "Europe had its Steinschneider, America now has its Marx!" Marx came to America in 1903 at the invitation of Solomon Schechter, the recently appointed president of the reorganized Jewish Theological Seminary of America, who asked him to assume the position of professor of Jewish history and of librarian. Marx had met Schechter in 1898 when he visited him in Cambridge in connection with the edition of Seder Olam which he was preparing. Schechter (and his wife) were very favorably im- pressed with Marx, and their collaboration as colleagues at one institution welded the acquaintance into a lasting, warm friendship.

Librarian

Marx was a young man of twenty-five when he joined the Seminary; for the remainder of his life, a stretch of over fifty years, he converted his two assignments into positions of great importance and renown throughout the Jewish world. They imposed quite a strain on their incumbent, since he was determined to grow and to help the library grow. His own studies and his efforts to collect books and manuscripts kept him steadily occupied. It was necessary to cultivate friends of the library, to follow catalogues, to visit book sales and book auctions, to procure funds and gifts, to keep check of what the library possessed and what it needed. Yet with this load, Marx found time for other interests. He was vitally concerned with general and Jewish life and letters, he followed events, formed opinions, and had a clear under- standing of the world situation. He was a convinced supporter of the Zionist program and regarded it as a special good fortune that he and Mrs. Marx could pay a visit to the Land of Israel in 1952. He was a member of a num- ber of learned societies and on a good many occasions participated in their meetings with learned papers. He always gladly assisted all who turned to him with inquiries or asked him guidance, and numerous books carry words of thanks to him for the aid he had extended to their authors. Scholars all over the world maintained correspondence with him, and considered it a distinct privilege to be numbered among his friends. In his capacity as professor of Jewish history, Marx trained hundreds of rabbis, and all of them cherish the kindest feelings towards him. As librarian, he built an institution with a world-wide reputation. With its more than 165,000 books, and over 9,000 manuscripts, its invaluable treasures in in- cunabula, first editions, and special collections, it has become an indispen- sable requisite to study. Through interlibrary loans, photostatic service, and the generous cooperation of Professor Marx and his staff, scholars all over the world have been able to utilize to advantage the inestimable resources of this unique store of Jewish literature. One cannot fail to thank all the generous contributors, selfless collaborators, and tireless assistants who helped build this magnificent library, but its greatness must above all be credited to the energy, the knowledge, and the care of its chief guardian and most de- voted sponsor. All this official work required time and energy, and it unquestionably re- 582 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK duced the time he could have otherwise given to scholarship. This reflection touches on a problem which has repeated itself in human history rather fre- quently. What shall the course of men be who have more than one interest or activity, or who are engaged in more than one enterprise? Ideally, none of the several interests allows time to spare, and the special devotees of any of them will deplore that the person was not faithful to it alone. On the other hand, the many beneficiaries of his divided interests will be grateful for his diversity and versatility. There is no doubt that the library which Marx built is an everlasting tribute to him. Its continued, or rather increas- ing usefulness, its incalculable aid to scholars here and abroad, have made a large number of students and readers grateful to the rich collection. Yet one cannot help feeling a bit regretful that this most useful and valuable work interfered seriously with the scholarly career of a man who was earnestly dedicated to scholarship and was a hard worker. Marx's most favored field was Jewish history, more exactly cultural history. True, he was at home in many other fields, notably literature, as a perusal of his learned reviews and the range of their subject matter will testify. But the bulk of his scholarly labor, and also his teaching, was in the field of Jewish culture and history. These, together with biography and bibliography, account for the long, long list of articles and monographs and the three books which he published.

View of History Marx's view of history, or rather historiography, although not too lengthily elaborated, was nevertheless clearly expressed. We possess his creed, as it were, in a paper he delivered before the American Jewish Historical Society (volume 26 of its Proceedings, p. 11-32). Marx lays down a number of prin- ciples to be applied in the interpretation of Jewish history which are gen- erally accepted today by all historians and serve as the guides in history- writing at the present time. He expresses his unqualified objection to what has been called the "lachrymose" conception of Jewish history and to the excessive concentration on the literary history of the Jews in the Middle Ages. Although medieval literary Jewish history is of course very important, inasmuch as it is the voice of the cultural and spiritual life of the Jews, it is only a phase of the life of the period and is necessarily limited to a mi- nority. It should properly form the subject of special studies and independent treatment. Marx demands greater attention to the life of the people, as con- trasted with the limited intellectual minority: their economy, organization, legal status, and other aspects of the many-faceted life of the masses. He knows that, in view of the general indifference of the medieval Jews to his- tory and the widespread lack of attention among even general historians to the problems which intrigue the modern investigator, the labor of collecting the material required by the advocated approach will be very arduous. It will necessitate recourse to the archives and intense examination of the mate- rials preserved in them, in order to glean from the documents the informa- tion they contain which may have a bearing on, or be pertinent to the issues. ALEXANDER MARX 583 It imposes on the investigator the duty of studying responsa literature, the minute books of the numerous communities which kept them, corres- pondence, contracts, literary documents, and diverse other writings which may not seem superficially like history sources, yet may possibly contain valuable information bearing on the historian's field of interest. It also com- pels the recognition that Jewish history cannot be properly understood or adequately studied as an independent, self-sufficient unit. The fate of the Jews has always been too inextricably tied with the life and activities of the nations among whom they have dwelt for the Jews to be described as an iso- lated group, and Jewish history cannot be correctly comprehended except in relation to the larger history. Marx realizes that all of this preliminary labor requires collective effort, and that only by well-planned, properly organized cooperation among the people engaged in the task can the hope be realized of gathering the necessary knowledge for the presentation of Jewish history in line with present-day standards. Marx takes care to emphasize that however important the collection of records may be, however prerequisite the sources are for the compilation of a synthesis, "no one will find it desirable that in the study of Jewish history we should resign all creative activity for a long time in order to enable a later generation to harvest the seed we are sowing." He would encourage the composition of monographs on special subjects, and the compilation of histories from time to time, even where the author realizes that a good deal of the source material is not available, or that adequate certainty is still wanting.

History of the Jewish People

The methods of history-writing outlined by Marx in this article were of course more than reflections provoked by an occasion. He believed in them. In discussing negotiations carried on by the Jews of Provence to have Mai- monides' works translated into Hebrew, he remarks: "It is a pity that no references to such matters of business, which would throw light on the book trade in the Middle Ages, are recorded in our correspondence." On Maimon- ides' contention that the pursuit of astrology by the Jews in ancient times prevented them from "concentrating their efforts upon learning the art of war and conquering of neighboring countries," Marx comments: "This im- perialistic utterance betrays clearly the influence of the Court of that vic- torious warrior Sultan Saladin." He applied the methods he advocates in his one-volume History of the Jewish People, which bears the name of the late Max L. Margolis as co-author. In the preface we are told: "It is a history of the entire people, of the mass; accordingly special stress is laid on its economic and social life." It is clear that in undertaking the work, the au- thors fully appreciated the requirements of modern scholarship and planned the book accordingly. But they frankly recognize and admit that it is difficult to comply with the program they subscribe to in a one-volume history, par- ticularly when it is also their wish to take note of the literary activity be- 584 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK cause "letters are a part of the people's manysided activity, and men of letters are personalities, influencing their generation and shaping the future." The work is a monument of learning, a true reference book, as it has been aptly called. Every statement of fact in it is reliable beyond questioning, and the facts are truly all there within this compressed space. The difficulties connected with relating the entire story in one volume, to which they make reference in their preface, had to be encountered by making concessions and adjustments. The lack of dramatic style is compensated for by a continuous account. The desire to report all of the facts and to pay attention to details often results in a lack of organization and in a juxtaposition of unrelated items. Between the mountain of historic facts and the heaps of names of persons the economic and social picture is almost invisible, but it is there for the careful reader who studies the book rather than skims through it. Although their claim is correct that "the authors have endeavored to set forth the story in a manner as dispassionate and detached as possible," it is evident to every critical reader that this statement is not a denial of a point of view. They agree with the traditional interpretation of Jewish history, approving what tradition has recognized, and frowning on whatever is a deviation from the official course.

Monographs Marx's stature as historian and scholar is in full display in his monographs. The list of his works in this area is long. It reflects both his wide range of interest and his ready response to his historical as well as bibliographical inclinations. Most of these articles are based on new source material dis- covered by Marx in his constant and intensive study of the manuscripts and printed books which he carried on in the capacity of librarian and bibliog- rapher. Indeed, this steady preoccupation with primary sources seems to have developed in Marx a principle of research and publication. He was generally disinclined to write on the basis of secondary sources. He was not drawn to the tasks of rephrasing, recasting, or reorganizing the works of others. He also seems to have felt that the factual side of a study would be a much more important contribution to learning than the interpretive. This was in line with his realization of the deficiency in source material which seriously hampers the fulfillment of the modern historian's plan of writing. But the possession of a new text served as a stimulant. Equipped with a hitherto unknown, or an additional document, he was in a position—which he utilized to its fullest—to analyze in detail the information provided by the new text in the light of the knowledge available prior to its publication, to check, compare, decide the extent of credence the document deserved— in a word, to set his contribution in its proper relation to the state of knowl- edge about the topic. Almost always, the advance in knowledge or in inter- pretation resulting from the appearance of a new source is very marked, and the value of the publication is highly appreciated. Maimonides, the outstanding figure in medieval Jewry, is the subject of several studies by Marx. An unannotated biography (of which he reports: ALEXANDER MARX 585 "As I fortunately have access to an unusually large collection of Maimonides manuscripts in the Library of the Jewish Theological Seminary, I shall oc- casionally take the opportunity to refer to these"), is pervaded with the deepest reverence towards the sage, and an admiration which taxes the biog- rapher's power of self-restraint. In this essay, as in other biographies, the previously mentioned characteristic of the author is confirmed: Marx shows a decided preference for the facts, and lacks the quality of effusiveness. Whether he relates the story of the truly great men of the past, or o£ those of more recent days, some of v.-hom he knew personally, he cannot indulge in elaborate description, characterization or praise. He would rather let the facts speak and allow the reader to draw his own conclusions. A collection of texts by and about Maimonides introduces, among other items, an important epistle by the Jewish leader Shesheth ha-Nasi ben Isaac in defense of the Master in the conflict which was enveloping Spain and Provence. Though previously known, only small parts had been extracted by earlier scholars, and its presentation in full was most welcome. With the aid of new as well as more correct old texts Marx shed much light on the extent of astrological belief among Jews in the Middle Ages, the change of attitude towards the Jews of Provence by Maimonides, and the general cul- ture level of those days. Marx's bibliographic activity extended his historic interest beyond the Middle Ages. In a most interesting article, called "A Jewish Cause Celebre in the Sixteenth-Century Italy," he displays a panorama of Italian rabbis and laymen, intrigues, quarrels, and court trials which are most revealing and dramatic. Another text stimulates him to discuss the activities of an Italian rabbi in the sixteenth century, which he regards as fairly typical of the rabbi's colleagues. A few additional studies, in English and Hebrew, on Jewish life in Italy, all based on previously unknown material, present a view of the communities in the peninsula which will certainly offer much valuable help to the interpreter of the life of Italian Jewry. The Jewish community in Cochin served as the theme of an essay built on correspond- ence between Cochin and the famous scholar of Egypt, David ibn Abi Zimra. It would require too much space to even mention all of Marx's learned studies. A reading of his essay on the importance of the Geniza for the study of Jewish history illustrates most clearly his wholesome respect for facts.

Biography Biography was evidently an attractive field to Marx. Of some forty sketches which he wrote, twelve were collected into a book called Essays in Jewish Biography, which was published in 1947. These tell of the life and works of four medieval luminaries, Rab Saadia Gaon, Rashi, Rabbenu Gershom Meor ha-Golah, and Maimonides (reprinted from his earlier book), and of eight more recent scholars. In his prefatory remarks Marx accounts for his choices. Regarding the nineteenth-century men we are told that they "have to a greater or lesser extent helped to interpret Jewish life and literature for our day. In their case, too, I had a personal reason for selecting these men—in 586 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK one way or another each of them either affected my own scholarly career or was bound to me by ties of close friendship." The men of the Middle Ages were similarly vital influences in his life. In fact, the most vivid impression one carries away from a reading of these and other biographies is of the sense of deep piety felt by Marx towards his heroes. Notwithstanding the author's devotion to facts, and despite his decided preference to report rather than to eulogize, the personal gratitude, reverence, and warmth are clearly in evidence. These individuals were without question potent factors in his life. This can be gathered simply from his consent to write them. Marx did not have a facile pen, he was fully convinced that his contribution would be made best by bringing facts to light. His decision to turn biographer so many times is, therefore, in itself testimony of his devotion to these people. More- over, Marx's return to some of them—Hoffmann, Steinschneider, etc.—of whom he wrote more than once, again illuminates the loyalty and admira- tion which he felt. At the same time, his quality of restraint is most impres- sive. It is certain that he felt deeply; his loyalty was genuine. If he never- theless wrote with reserve and with little pathos, it is the consequence of an inner reticence, and a shyness of the outside world. We thus get a glimpse into a sort of strife within him. He found it difficult to give free expression to his sentiments, yet he needed to articulate an appreciation and an attach- ment which he could not contain within him.

Editor of Texts An evaluation of Marx as editor of texts produces a sense of regret that he did not pursue this activity as an objective in itself. His doctoral disserta- tion, an edition and translation of the first ten chapters of Seder Olam, offers good proof to substantiate this observation. This ancient work on chronology, ascribed to Rabbi Jose ben Halafta, which served as the standard source for hundreds of years, naturally became a victim of changes, interpo- lations, copyists' errors, and other misfortunes. To discover, or better, to recover the authentic text as it issued from the pen of the first author or compiler becomes a scholar's task, not merely as an interesting piece of detective work, but in order to establish insofar as possible what the author actually said, so as to exonerate him from errors committed by others and to credit him for what is truly his. The painstaking care with which Marx checked and collated the manuscripts and the two editions which he utilized, the analytical keenness with which he grouped the several sources into families, the selection of the particular manuscript which would serve as the text, and the critical apparatus provided to show the variants to the inter- ested student, the exegetical notes to clarify, support or challenge a statement in the text—all these demonstrate a meticulousness in scholarship. In his last years Marx was working jointly with one of his favorite students, Rabbi Gerson D. Cohen, on a critical edition of the complete Seder Olam Rabba, including the part previously done by him. Unfortunately, he was not privi- leged to see its publication. ALEXANDER MARX 587 Bibliography The occupation with, and love of bibliography which was cultivated in Marx by his beloved and revered teacher, Moritz Steinschneider, proved a fertile field for his research and scholarship. Actively engaged in the acquisi- tion of books and manuscripts, Marx was provided with stimulating oppor- tunities for penetrating inquiries and revealing studies. His numerous prized publications and his invaluable notes are grand contributions to Jewish bibliography. His reports on the Seminary library, printed in the Registers of the Seminary, are full of information, not only concerning the titles added to the collection; there is also a large amount of learning in comparative description, corrections, supplementary evidence, and so forth. Occasionally Marx's reports provide sidelights on the writer, the copyist, or the owner, gleaned from the manuscript under examination. In addition, he published a large number of studies which are bibliographic in character. For instance, the article Untersuchungen zum Siddur des Gaon R. Amram (1908), offers a compact and very informative sketch of the history of prayer books in Gaonic times, and proceeds to a minute analysis of manuscripts and Geniza material which yield important variant material for the study of the Siddur. Marx's bibliographic researches, guided in large measure by the fortunes of discovery and acquisition, do not add up to a planned structure like the massive works of his master. They touch on disparate subjects, but each of them is a mine of information and full of interest, often even to the layman. To mention but a few of the studies which he selected for his volume Studies in Jewish History and Booklore (1944): "The History of David Oppen- heimer's Library"; "The Literature of Hebrew Incunabula"; "Notes on the Use of Hebrew Types in Non-Hebrew Books, 1475-1520." In his short catalogue of manuscripts in the library, Marx published a list of seventy-two polemical tracts, and added a few valuable and interesting appendices.

Personality People whose attention was not attracted by research, and who were not particularly interested in Marx's bibliographic and administrative labors, cherished him, as did his colleagues and admiring students, for his friend- ship and warmth. He loved people and people loved him. He was so free from pomp or vanity that men of all walks of life found equally ready access to him and were equally grateful for his kindness and his attention. His readiness to make conversation, his interest in people, his concern with human problems, were all revelations of that kindly disposition and the humane personality which made all who knew him forget the weaker traits and the foibles that are the share of all human beings. One recalls with deep yearning the many short and long occasions when one was granted the distinct pleasure of engaging in just ordinary conversation and deriving the gratification of being in the company of one who was so very, very human. It was always touching to observe Marx's fondness for children. There was something almost compulsive about his playing with them, his pinching them, his squeezing their hands which he undoubtedly enjoyed as thoroughly 588 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK as the youngster who was the object of all this love. The kindness which his face expressed was truly heart-warming. To quote a few sentences from the words of his admiring pupil, the late Rabbi Solomon Goldman: He was tall, slender, and handsome, brilliant, gentle and unaffected. His soft eyes, clear white skin, delicate features, and high forehead, gave his face a composite expression of shyness, meditativeness, congeniality and tenderness. His noble plainness of manner, transparent smile and hearty laugh, together with the uncommon retentiveness of his memory, made conversation with him a delight. Piety Alexander Marx was a truly pious person, observant, reverent, and deeply religious. His meticulousness about the prescriptions of Jewish law was on a par with his devoutness, which showed itself in his manner of praying. His intensely emotional recitation of the Amidah on the High Holy Days is one of the cherished memories which linger long in the mind. Yet Marx was not a fanatic. Not only did his open-mindedness manifest itself in his scholarly labors, which are models of honesty and objectivity, but he also expressed it occasionally. We particularly recall a remark of his that he felt close kinship with Abraham ibn Ezra, who was a religious man but was undoubtedly troubled by many questions. It was only to be expected that a man of Marx's learning and contacts encountered many dilemmas and numerous challenges. One admires Marx's uprightness and faith all the more that, realizing this to the best of his ability, he fashioned a view of life and a pattern of action which were consonant with his beliefs and did no violence to his integrity. It is the natural course of events that, just as in a chain the last link is not attached to the first, although it is connected with it, so also in a living tradition, in learning, the disciple knows his master, and, through him, the long tradition preceding him. It is sad to reflect that the removal of a personality like Alexander Marx from the American Jewish scene signifies more than the passing of a leading scholar, a celebrated bibliographer, a warm friend. It signifies the removal of another irreplaceable link between the Old World and the New. For most Jews in this country men of the tradition and background of Alexander Marx are the only living proof of continuity, the only bridge between two different worlds, the only witness to a way of life and a philosophy of life which are, generally speaking, not being continued here. And when such a man leaves us, the world he repre- sented goes with him, recedes into that revered past which is essentially in- tangible and, one fears, unreal—unreal because it does not play a vital part in the life of the people here, because the continuation is guided by others and inspired by different ideals. Only a fervent prayer can be offered that his blessed memory will remain a vital factor in the life of his colleagues, students and disciples who gained great riches from him in his lifetime and can learn much more from his literary legacy. ABRAHAM S. HALKIN HAYIM GREENBERG

HE MORAL and intellectual influence of Hayim Greenberg extended far T beyond the American Labor Zionist movement of which he was the acknowledged leader. As Zionist theoretician, socialist thinker, writer on ethical and philosophical problems, and political spokesman, he affected vari- ous circles of the Jewish and non-Jewish world. One of the most unusual and sensitive personalities of his generation, he escapes easy labels and ready pigeon-holes. He must be viewed in his sometimes paradoxical totality. Born in 1889 in Bessarabia, Hayim Greenberg early attracted attention as a wunderkind. By the age of fifteen he was already establishing a reputa- tion as a remarkable orator for the young Zionist movement. Before he was thirty his brilliance as journalist, essayist, and lecturer had made him a leading figure in the cultural renaissance of Russian Jewry. At the out- break of World War I, he was editor of a Russian weekly of Jewish interest, Razswiet ("Dawn"). After the Russian Revolution he lectured on medieval Jewish literature and Greek drama at the University of Kharkov. Arrested several times by the Soviet government for his Zionist activities, Greenberg left Russia for Berlin in 1921. There he edited Ha-Olam, the Hebrew weekly of the World Zionist Organization, and the Zionist monthly, Atidenu. In 1924 Greenberg left for the United States where he edited the official publications of the Labor Zionist movement, chief among them the Yiddish weekly, Der Yiddisher Kemfer, and the English monthly, The Jewish Frontier —posts which he held till his death. The bare enumeration of the periodicals of which Greenberg was editor- in-chief gives some notion of his extraordinary linguistic gifts. In three lan- guages—Russian, Hebrew, and Yiddish—he was a master of the written and oral word, and he had an excellent literary command of English. This multilingual existence corresponded to a complex and sometimes con- tradictory inner life. There was always a conflict between the meditative scholar, the prober into the sources of human conduct, and the party leader, subject to the daily pressures of journalism and politics. He resolved this conflict by permitting no essential dichotomy between the several worlds in which he lived. What might otherwise be a routine Zionist address would be illuminated by his cosmopolitan scholarship and his profound ethical concerns. He assumed that his audiences, whether they were Yiddish-speaking workingmen or a university faculty, wanted a high seriousness in regard to the examination of a public issue. Whatever his theme, he was incapable of the tacit insult of talking down to his listeners, and his audiences, even if they did not follow every subtlety and allusion, were grateful for the compliment. From Greenberg his disciples wanted nothing less. Similarly, 589 590 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK the readers of the party journals he edited learned soon not to be sur- prised if the chief article dealt with Hindu religion, Freud, or the meaning of the Crucifixion. His party comrades and his readers learned to examine the day's event philosophically, that is to say, not complacently but sub specie aeternitatis. It was a peculiar and sometimes disconcerting technique for an editorial board or an administrative committee to acquire, but it was Greenberg's characteristic laboratory method, which as much as any- thing earned him the name of "the conscience of the Movement." At the same time, despite a genuine reluctance to assume public office, he found it impossible to refuse responsible posts in the world Zionist movement during the crucial years of struggle for the establishment of the State of Israel. As chairman of the executive of the Zionist Emergency Council in America during the war years, and later as member of the American branch of the Jewish Agency executive, in which he became head of the department of education and culture, he was always actively involved in the realities of the political struggle. Because of his special gifts and background he succeeded in establishing contacts with the progressive lead- ers of several Asiatic countries—contacts which were to prove invaluable during the period when the cause of Israel was being debated before the United Nations. He also played a major role in winning over many of the Latin American delegates to the Jewish cause. The fact that he had a common language with the leading intellectuals of his time, including the foremost Protestant clergymen and such Catholic philosophers as Jacques Maritain, enabled him to secure a sympathetic hearing for the Zionist case among circles ordinarily closed. But no matter how surprisingly effective this delicate and reticent thinker proved as a political figure, his abiding influence lay in his dual role of writer and spiritual spokesman of the Socialist-Zionist movement in the United States. His essays, of which three volumes have by now appeared in Yiddish and one in English, reveal, if only partially, the richness of a mind too often deflected from its desired pursuits by the responsibilities of political leadership in a tragic and heroic time. As one examines Greenberg's essays, certain subjects, the keys to his abiding and passionate concerns, reappear through the years. In this re- spect there is a curious consistency in Greenberg's intellectual life. Themes sometimes superficially antithetical establish their peculiar harmony in his thought: Socialism and nationalism, religion and psychoanalysis, rabbinical lore and modern scepticism—all serve to illuminate each other. The result is not, as might be feared, a dilettante, undigested mixture, but a body of thought which is marked by a fundamental consistency of outlook even though there may be contradictions in detail. His attitude to Socialism was characteristic. He was a Socialist and always called himself one, but he rejected the dogmatism of the Marxist. The notion that man was solely a social or economic animal whose needs could be met purely in economic or social terms seemed to him the ultimate blas- phemy. In his brilliant "Notes on Marxism" he dissects the limitations of Marxism: "The redemptive quality of socialism lies not in its capacity to HAYIM GREENBERG 591 abolish suffering, but in its ability to free man from degrading suffering, from suffering that is zoological rather than human. ... It cannot give more. No matter how high the socialist Tower of Babel should rise, it will not reach infinity." Socialism could liberate man from the indignity of physi- cal need. To confuse this with a redemptive principle was to be blind to the complexity of man as a spiritual being. For this reason he opposed the Marxist attempt to establish a philosophical connection between Socialism and atheistic materialism. In Russia, at the time of the Revolution, Greenberg had been a Social Democrat, a Menshevik. After his departure from the Soviet Union he con- tinued to speak and write against the Bolshevik corruption of Socialist doc- trine. Greenberg never made peace with the dictatorship and the repression of individual liberties within Soviet Russia and, unlike many liberals during the Twenties and Thirties, never permitted himself any illusions as to the regime. Long before the shock of the Nazi-Soviet Pact, Greenberg was acutely analyzing the nature of Bolshevism, a task for which few in the United States were as thoroughly equipped as he. In "To a Communist Friend," written in 1936, Greenberg refutes the argument that the end justifies the means: Ends and means in politics are analogous to form and content in art. Form in art is not merely technique; means in politics are not merely instruments. The content must be felt in the form. The means must con- tain the basic elements of the end. When this minimal harmony between ends and means is lacking, we get the stake at which the Holy Inquisi- tion burns unbelievers to save their souls. I cannot subscribe to Nechaev's famous slogan: "Full speed ahead, right through the mud." Free democratic Socialism, which respected the rights of the individual and which disavowed the concept of transitional generations, generations which could be brutalized or sacrificed for some remote future, was the only Social- ism that Greenberg could accept or preach. On one occasion, when Greenberg developed the idea that no individual must be viewed as the means for advancing the welfare of another because each man was an end in himself, he was accused by a labor audience in Palestine of implied opposition to the life of the Palestine pioneer. Green- berg answered this objection in uncompromising terms: I would be an opponent of pioneering in Palestine if the hardships en- tailed in the rebuilding of a long-neglected country were imposed on Jew- ish youth from above and against its will, if the pioneers in Palestine were considered fertilizer on the fields of the country so that a later generation might enjoy its roses. But pioneering in Palestine is a voluntary task freely undertaken by those rejoicing in it. Greenberg's fundamental expositions of the moral bases of Zionism led him into discussions far removed from the usual level of journalistic polem- ics. One of these occasions was an exchange of views with Mahatma Gandhi, whom Greenberg venerated as a saint. Gandhi's failure to oppose the dis- semination of anti-Jewish propaganda among the Moslems of India by Arab agents was the starting point for several "Open Letters" to Gandhi. In 592 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 1937 Greenberg warned against the kindling of religious fanaticism among the Moslems of India. In the light of subsequent developments, particularly the emergence of Pakistan, the words then written have a prophetic ring. Greenberg's unilateral romance with Gandhi was sometimes viewed as one of Greenberg's philosophical quirks by hard-headed realists among his asso- ciates, but the fact remains that Greenberg was unique among American Zionists in his understanding of the shaping forces within Asia. It is astonishing to observe the freshness he could bring to the restate- ment and rearguing of the Zionist position from every angle. In a life part of which was always devoted to the editing of Zionist periodicals, fa- miliar dragons had to be re-slain not annually but monthly and sometimes weekly. Yet Greenberg rarely wrote a purely routine article. He was saved from mechanical repetition by the richness and variety of his knowledge and by the streak of poetry in his nature which enabled him to use his learning as leaven rather than ballast. Whether he was discussing patriotism and plural loyalties, or defending Socialist-Zionist theory, or answering Arab arguments, he would write on a level of seriousness which transformed many articles originally written as journalistic chores into classic expositions of the questions raised. Despite the fact that many of his best articles reached only a limited Yiddish-speaking audience, he was probably the most pro- found and eloquent Zionist publicist in the United States, whose work was regularly reprinted in South America and in the Palestinian press. Greenberg's Zionism was as free from ideological fetishes as his Socialism. At a time when Labor Zionist circles proclaimed the return to "productive," that is to say manual, labor as a central thesis of the movement, Greenberg insisted on examining the slogans and rejecting the "masochistic self-flagella- tion" implicit in the notion that the Jewish middleman fulfills no productive function. In "The Myth of Jewish Parasitism" Greenberg takes a heretical position in addressing his party. He asserts that "any work which is socially useful or satisfies human needs is productive work," and that there is noth- ing shameful or unethical about the economic structure of the Jewish com- munity despite the preponderance of the middleman. At the same time he stresses the historic necessity of the Labor Zionist program: Nor do I deny the need for a thorough restratification of our economic life, but this restratification ought not to be motivated by a sense of collective guilt. ... A reshaping of Jewish economic life is a historic necessity, and it cannot be accomplished without the popular enthusiasm that Zionism generally, and Labor Zionism particularly, have aroused for these aims. There is nothing wicked in being a middleman. We are building a new nation in Palestine and we cannot succeed unless we make its economic life varied and many-sided and thereby relatively complete. It requires no effort and no propaganda on our part to create a Jewish merchant class in Palestine. But the emergence of a Jewish agricultural class cannot be a spontaneous process. Within its historic context the exaggerated glorification of manual labor was essential. Greenberg could accept a doctrine without becoming doctrinaire. This HAYIM GREENBERG 593 quality of mind often resulted in his occupying a dissenting role in the party councils which he headed. In an address to the Zionist Congress held in Jerusalem in 1952 he shocked many of his Mapai comrades by his re- fusal to negate the Diaspora, and by his bald assertion that mass emigration to Israel was not currently on the agenda of American Jewry, no matter how many flaming resolutions about the "ingathering-of-exiles" would be adopted by the congress. Greenberg's unpopular position was motivated not only by a realistic appraisal of the frame of mind of American Jewry, but also by a profound appreciation of American democracy. Greenberg's love for the United States and his hopes for a rich creative Jewish communal life within its borders were strong and genuine. And while he believed that a dynamic and imaginative sector in American Jewry would have the vigor eventually to seek complete Jewish fulfillment in Israel, this meant for Greenberg no conflict in loyalties, but an enrichment of personality. With no awe for the restrictions of dogma, Greenberg could function freely within an ideological framework, and he never hesitated to alter the design according to his lights. His chief difficulties were created by the exigencies of Realpolitik. All his life Greenberg had fought for the crea- tion of a Jewish state, yet as a Socialist and pacifist he had always been repelled by the trappings of statehood—uniforms, protocol, a standing army, censors, and the rest of the inevitables. Often he was openly critical of specific development in Israel in this regard. At the same time he was wise and temperate enough to distinguish between minor expedients and major compromise. In fundamentals his moral insistence on the purity of the means never yielded to rationalization. In one respect he underwent a crucial change. His pacifism, largely in- spired by Gandhi, could not survive the shock of Hitler's persecutions. He never intellectually renounced pacifism as die ideal solution to the problem of war, but like many other pacifists, he found himself personally unequal to advocating pacifism after the rise of the Nazis. One can do little more than mention the originality and penetration of much of Greenberg's writing on philosophical and literary themes. But there is one field which cannot be ignored—his writings on the nature of Judaism. Though he had long abjured outward forms and orthodoxies, Greenberg had a deep religious streak. He wrote of Jesus and of Buddha, as well as of the prophets. Under the forbidding title of "The Universalism of the Chosen People," he could analyze the nature of Jewish election with a richness of reference which elicited the admiration of theologians and a brilliance which charmed the general reading public. In an essay on the Book of Jonah, "Go to Nineveh," Greenberg summarized his conception of the Jewish ethos and man's calling: Jewish prophecy in contrast to pagan prophecy knows no fatalism. There is no Fate within the whole Jewish concept. There is no faith in blind decrees. But there is Providence watching and listening over the world. Providence may be appealed to, may be prayed to, may be moved to do man's desire if that desire is just and pure. Jewish prophecy, therefore, is by its nature and function conditional rather than categorical. Jonah 594 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK wanted to see an immutable decree in God's decision to destroy Nineveh. . . . Therein lay his transgression. Instead of being a prophet whose proph- ecy would move the sinful to repent, he preferred being an oracle, a Golem, through whom spoke the blind, brutal future. All of Greenberg's thought and action was predicated on the conception of man as a free individual venturing to shape his world according to his vision. This belief made him a Zionist and a Socialist. All his great gifts as writer and orator went to the service of this faith. Through his death in 1953 American Jewry lost one of its most remarkable personalities, and the world a tender and illuminated spirit. MARIE SYRKIN