Ranked Dither for Robust Color Printing
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Expanded Gamut Shoot-Out: Real Systems, Real Results
Expanded Gamut Shoot-Out: Real Systems, Real Results Abhay Sharma Click toRyerson edit Master University, subtitle Toronto style Advisors Roger Breton, Marc Levine, John Seymour, Bill Pope Comprehensive Report – 450+ downloads tinyurl.com/ExpandedGamut Agenda – Expanded Gamut § Why do we need Expanded Gamut? § What is Expanded Gamut? (CMYK-OGV) § Use cases – Spot Colors vs Images PANTONE 109 C § Printing Spot Colors with Kodak Spotless (KSS) § Increased Accuracy § Using only 3 inks § Print all spot colors, without spot color inks § How do I implement EG? § Issues with Adobe and Pantone § Flexo testing in 2020 Vendors and Participants Software Solutions 1. Alwan – Toolbox, ColorHub 2. CGS ORIS – X GAMUT 3. ColorLogic – ColorAnt, CoPrA, ZePrA 4. GMG Color – OpenColor, ColorServer 5. Heidelberg – Prinect ColorToolbox 6. Kodak – Kodak Spotless Software, Prinergy PDF Editor § Hybrid Software - PACKZ (pronounced “packs”) RIP/DFE § efi Fiery XF (Command WorkStation) – Epson P9000 § SmartStream Production Pro – HP Indigo 7900 Color Management Solutions § X-Rite i1Profiler Expanded Gamut Tools § PANTONE Color Manager, Adobe Acrobat Pro, Adobe Photoshop Why do we need Expanded Gamut? - because imaging systems are imperfect Printing inks and dyes CMYK color gamut is small Color negative film What are the Use Cases for Expanded Gamut? ✓ 1. Spot Colors 2. Images PANTONE 301 C PANTONE 109 C Expanded gamut is most urgently needed in spot color reproduction for labels and package printing. Orange, Green, Violet - expands the colorspace Y G O C+Y M+Y -
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Organic Pigments for Digital Color Printing
Organic Pigments For Digital Color Printing Ruediger Baur and Hans-Tobias Macholdt R&D Pigments, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main, Germany Abstract ency (decreasing transparency automatically means in- creasing hiding power). Also, aspects like lightfastness, Digital color printing (DCP) is becoming more important thermostability and eco/toxicology have to be covered by a versus traditional printing technologies. For electro-graphic- suitable organic pigment for toner use. These aspects are based printers, colored tribo (friction) toner creates the full influenced by both chemical constitution and solid state color image. Typically organic color pigments provide the parameters7 (particle size distribution, particle shape, crys- required color. They have to fulfil both coloristic and tallinity etc.) . electrostatic properties. These properties are the result of To attain the needed coloristic properties the dispersion the chemical constitution and solid-state characteristics of behaviour is of special relevance. In general, solid pigment the pigment. Low electrostatic influence together with high particles are classified in three groups7: tinctorial strength and appropriate transparency is useful. A new yellow pigment type of the benzimidazolone class 1. pigment agglomerates (particle size approx. 0.2-10µm) combines these aspects. The final electrostatic charge of the 2. pigment aggregates (particle size approx. < 1µm) toner is achieved by adding suitable charge control agents 3. primary pigment particles (particle size approx.<<1µm) (CCAs) to control toner charge both in magnitude and sign. Organic color pigments are typically provided in pow- Introduction der form. The single powder particles usually consist of agglomerates. Agglomerates are groups of small crystals In general terms, digital printing means a direct connection and/or smaller aggregates, joined at their corner and edges. -
Dithering and Quantization of Audio and Image
Dithering and Quantization of audio and image Maciej Lipiński - Ext 06135 1. Introduction This project is going to focus on issue of dithering. The main aim of assignment was to develop a program to quantize images and audio signals, which should add noise and to measure mean square errors, comparing the quality of the quantized images with and without noise. The program realizes fallowing: - quantize an image or audio signal using n levels (defined by the user); - measure the MSE (Mean Square Error) between the original and the quantized signals; - add uniform noise in [-d/2,d/2], where d is the quantization step size, using n levels; - quantify the signal (image or audio) after adding the noise, using n levels (user defined); - measure the MSE by comparing the noise-quantized signal with the original; - compare results. The program shows graphic result, presenting original image/audio, quantized image/audio and quantized with dither image/audio. It calculates and displays the values of MSE – mean square error. 2. DITHERING Dither is a form of noise, “erroneous” signal or data which is intentionally added to sample data for the purpose of minimizing quantization error. It is utilized in many different fields where digital processing is used, such as digital audio and images. The quantization and re-quantization of digital data yields error. If that error is repeating and correlated to the signal, the error that results is repeating. In some fields, especially where the receptor is sensitive to such artifacts, cyclical errors yield undesirable artifacts. In these fields dither is helpful to result in less determinable distortions. -
Predictability of Spot Color Overprints
Predictability of Spot Color Overprints Robert Chung, Michael Riordan, and Sri Prakhya Rochester Institute of Technology School of Print Media 69 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Keywords spot color, overprint, color management, portability, predictability Abstract Pre-media software packages, e.g., Adobe Illustrator, do amazing things. They give designers endless choices of how line, area, color, and transparency can interact with one another while providing the display that simulates printed results. Most prepress practitioners are thrilled with pre-media software when working with process colors. This research encountered a color management gap in pre-media software’s ability to predict spot color overprint accurately between display and print. In order to understand the problem, this paper (1) describes the concepts of color portability and color predictability in the context of color management, (2) describes an experimental set-up whereby display and print are viewed under bright viewing surround, (3) conducts display-to-print comparison of process color patches, (4) conducts display-to-print comparison of spot color solids, and, finally, (5) conducts display-to-print comparison of spot color overprints. In doing so, this research points out why the display-to-print match works for process colors, and fails for spot color overprints. Like Genie out of the bottle, there is no turning back nor quick fix to reconcile the problem with predictability of spot color overprints in pre-media software for some time to come. 1. Introduction Color portability is a key concept in ICC color management. -
The Printer's Guide to Expanded Gamut
DISTRIBUTED BY TECHKON USA February 2017 THE PRINTER’S GUIDE TO EXPANDED GAMUT Understanding the technology landscape and implementation approach By Ron Ellis Printer’s Guide to Expanded Gamut Page | 1 Printer’s Guide to Expanded Gamut Whitepaper By Ron Ellis Table of Contents What is Expanded Gamut ............................................................................................................... 4 ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Why Expanded Gamut .................................................................................................................... 6 The Current Expanded Gamut Landscape ...................................................................................... 9 Standardization and Expanded Gamut ......................................................................................... 10 Methods of Producing Expanded Gamut...................................................................................... 11 Techkon and Expanded Gamut ..................................................................................................... 11 CMYK expanded gamut ................................................................................................................. 12 The CMYK Expanded Gamut Workflow ........................................................................................ 16 Conversion from source to CMYK Expanded gamut .................................................................... -
Color Printing Techniques
4-H Photography Skill Guide Color Printing Techniques Enlarging Color Negatives Making your own color prints from Color Relations color negatives provides a whole new area of Before going ahead into this fascinating photography for you to enjoy. You can make subject of color printing, let’s make sure we prints nearly any size you want, from small ones understand some basic photographic color and to big enlargements. You can crop pictures for the visual relationships. composition that’s most pleasing to you. You can 1. White light (sunlight or the light from an control the lightness or darkness of the print, as enlarger lamp) is made up of three primary well as the color balance, and you can experiment colors: red, green, and blue. These colors are with control techniques to achieve just the effect known as additive primary colors. When you’re looking for. The possibilities for creating added together in approximately equal beautiful color prints are as great as your own amounts, they produce white light. imagination. You can print color negatives on conventional 2. Color‑negative film has a separate light‑ color printing paper. It’s the kind of paper your sensitive layer to correspond with each photofinisher uses. It requires precise processing of these three additive primary colors. in two or three chemical solutions and several Images recorded on these layers appear as washes in water. It can be processed in trays or a complementary (opposite) colors. drum processor. • A red subject records on the red‑sensitive layer as cyan (blue‑green). • A green subject records on the green‑ sensitive layer as magenta (blue‑red). -
Designing Your Best Ad For
WOW File Requirements and Design Services WOW has an entirely electronic workflow. See below for specific print design requirements. All WOW products are perfect bound and printed in CMYK process color. Please remove all spot colors from ads. All ad materials are due by the 5th of each month. On larger ads, relevant information must be positioned inside of the safe zone (page 3). REQUIRED FILE FORMATS PREFERRED: Adobe® Acrobat PDF files set for press quality, CMYK output (300 DPI) and embedded fonts. PC-based, EPS or TIF, CMYK Adobe® InDesign, Photoshop or Illustrator for layout with fonts outlined. Files should not exceed 10 MB. WOW is not responsible for unconverted file problems. Unsupported program files include PageMaker, Corel Draw, QuarkXPress, and Freehand. Files must be converted to press quality, CMYK PDFs before submission. WOW is not responsible for final quality when faxes, scans and materials from Publisher, PowerPoint and Microsoft Word are provided; nor when RGB files are converted to CMYK. Type should not be smaller than 6 pt. to ensure readability. AD MATERIALS As a courtesy to advertisers, WOW provides professional design services. All materials for WOW design must be received by the 5th of each month. All ad graphics and photos must be set at a resolution of 300 DPI and CMYK. Files submitted as RGB may incur an additional fee. Logos should be submitted as CMYK, vector EPS files. Simple set-up or reconstruction of ads is free of charge up to 10 minutes of design time. After 10 minutes, advertisers will be billed $57 per hour. -
Determining the Need for Dither When Re-Quantizing a 1-D Signal Carlos Fabián Benítez-Quiroz and Shawn D
µ ˆ q Determining the Need for Dither when Re-Quantizing a 1-D Signal Carlos Fabián Benítez-Quiroz and Shawn D. Hunt Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus ABSTRACT Test In The Frequency Domain Another test signal was used real audio with 24 bit precision and a 44.1 kHz sampling rate. The tests were This poster presents novel methods for determining if dither applied and the percentage of accepted frames is shown in The test in frequency is based on the Fourier transform of the sample figure 3 is needed when reducing the bit depth of a one dimensional autocorrelation. The statistic used is the square of the norm of the DFT digital signal. These are statistical based methods in both the multiplied by scale factor. This is also summarized in Table 1. time and frequency domains, and are based on determining Experiments were also run after adding dither. Because of whether the quantization noise with no dither added is white. Table 1. Summary of the statistics used in the tests. the added dither, all tests should reveal that no additional If this is the case, then no undesired harmonics are added in dither is needed. For the tests, segments from the previous the quantization or re-quantization process. Experiments Test Domain Estimator used Distribution Summary of experiment that are known to need dither are dithered and showing the effectiveness of the methods with both synthetic of Estimator Method these used as the test signal. and real one dimensional signals are presented. Box-Pierce Time Say the quantization Test m error is white when Introduction = 2 χ2 Q N r Q ~ m Qbp is greater than a bp k =1 k bp Digital signals have become widespread, and are favored in set threshold. -
The Theory of Dithered Quantization
The Theory of Dithered Quantization by Robert Alexander Wannamaker A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Mathematics Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2003 c Robert Alexander Wannamaker 2003 I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. I authorize the University of Waterloo to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize the University of Waterloo to reproduce this thesis by pho- tocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. ii The University of Waterloo requires the signatures of all persons using or pho- tocopying this thesis. Please sign below, and give address and date. iii Abstract A detailed mathematical model is presented for the analysis of multibit quantizing systems. Dithering is examined as a means for eliminating signal-dependent quanti- zation errors, and subtractive and non-subtractive dithered systems are thoroughly explored within the established theoretical framework. Of primary interest are the statistical interdependences of signals in dithered systems and the spectral proper- ties of the total error produced by such systems. Regarding dithered systems, many topics of practical interest are explored. These include the use of spectrally shaped dithers, dither in noise-shaping systems, the efficient generation of multi-channel dithers, and the uses of discrete-valued dither signals. iv Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Stanley P. Lipshitz, for giving me the opportunity to pursue this research and for the valuable guidance which he has provided throughout my time with the Audio Research Group. -
Digital Dither: Decreasing Round-Off Errors in Digital Signal Processing
Digital Dither: Decreasing Round-off Errors in Digital Signal Processing Peter Csordas ,Andras Mersich, Istvan Kollar Budapest University of Technology and Economics Department of Measurement and Information Systems [email protected] , ma35 1 @hszk.bme.hu , [email protected] mt- Difhering is a known method for increasing the after each arithmetic operation (round- off error). The precision of analog-to-digital conversion. In this paper the basic situation is quite different from the above one, since the result problems of quantization and the principles of analog dithering of any arithmetic operation is already discrete in amplitude, are described. The benefits of dithering are demonstrated through even its distribution is usually non-standard. Therefore, practical applications. The possibility and the conditions of using quantization of quantized signals needs to be analyzed. This digital dither in practical applications are eramined. The aim is to cannot be bound to a certain processing unit in the DSP, but find an optimal digifal dither to minimize the round-offerror of digilal signal processing. The effecfs on bias and variance using happens simply during operation and/or during storage of the uniform and triangularly distributed digital dithers are result into memory cells. Moreover, since the signal to be investigated and compared Some DSP iniplenientations are quantized is in digital form, only digital dither can be applied. discussed. and only if additional bits are available to make it possible to use. The method has already been discussed for example in Kevwords - digital dither, round-off error, bias. variance [4], but exact analysis has not been published yet. -
Sonically Optimized Noise Shaping Techniques
Sonically Optimized Noise Shaping Techniques Second edition Alexey Lukin [email protected] 2002 In this article we compare different commercially available noise shaping algo- rithms and introduce a new highly optimized frequency response curve for noise shap- ing filter implemented in our ExtraBit Mastering Processor. Contents INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 2 TESTED NOISE SHAPERS ......................................................................................................... 2 CRITERIONS OF COMPARISON............................................................................................... 3 RESULTS...................................................................................................................................... 4 NOISE STATISTICS & PERCEIVED LOUDNESS .............................................................................. 4 NOISE SPECTRUMS ..................................................................................................................... 5 No noise shaping (TPDF dithering)..................................................................................... 5 Cool Edit (C1 curve) ............................................................................................................5 Cool Edit (C3 curve) ............................................................................................................6 POW-R (pow-r1 mode)........................................................................................................