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Observing Needs in the Deep Ocean Sept. 19,2019 11:30-12:30 Room 316B Convention Center Moderators: Lisa Levin (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) Alan Leonardi (NOAA Office of Exploration and Research) Panelists: Felix Janssen, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Germany: Deep Observing and Essential Ocean Variables Lynne Talley, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, USA: Global cross-disciplinary observations in the deep Henry Ruhl, MBARI, USA: Expanding deep stakeholders and scaling up Patricia Fryer University of Hawaii: Deep exploration opportunities Karen Stocks, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, USA: Deep data: Advances, challenges and gaps Background: The deep ocean (below 200 m) covers over half of the planet and is increasingly recognized as critical in global heat, carbon sequestration and climate dynamics, a receptacle for contaminants and debris, as well as replete with living and non-living resources for society. Due to high pressure and its remoteness, as well as jurisdictional and governance challenges, observing in the deep ocean entails its own unique requirements. As such the deep ocean transcends the many Ocean Obs 19 themes: climate change, ecosystem health, food and energy, pollution, blue economy, observing technology innovation, data innovation, modeling challenges, and a need for community building and system integration. Goals: This session will discuss emergence of key observing needs in the deep ocean with a goal of fostering discussion among the very broad group of stakeholders with deep-ocean interests. We explore how to integrate observing programs, data, and models, to address societal needs of the 21st century. Key questions are: (1) How can we innovate and facilitate the integrated collection and analysis of physics, geology, biogeochemistry and biology observations? (2) How can we bring together the communities of industry, technology, science and conservation to fill deep-ocean data gaps? (3) How can we address the diverse coordination, management and capacity development needs of the highly distributed observing community? (4) How can technologies to conduct deep sea observations locally be scaled up to global-scale, multidisciplinary observing networks? (5) What is required to improve rapid data sharing and access across disciplines and countries? After a brief introduction to the session, panelists will address these questions in 5 min. flash talks, making specific deep observing recommendations. These presentations will be followed by a half hour of audience questions, feedback and contributions. Our goal is to generate a series of recommendations for a post-Obs’19 task team and for the Decade for Ocean Science. This session will highlight a part of the ocean that is often overlooked or not well considered. We encourage all with an interest in the deep ocean to participate. Observing Needs in the Deep Ocean Thursday Sept. 19 11:30-12:30 Room 316B Convention Center Moderators: Lisa Levin, Distinguished Professor, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Alan Leonardi, Director, NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research Felix Janssen, Ph.D. senior scientist in the Deep-Sea Ecology and - Technology group at the Alfred Wegener Institute in Bremerhaven and the Max Planck Institute in Bremen, Germany Felix is a trained marine biogeochemist with a focus on organic matter remineralization and a strong interest in technologies for observations at the deep-sea floor. Working as a, he is involved in time series observations on climate change effects on Arctic ecosystems as well as in research on microbial-mediated ecosystem functions with cutting edge in situ technologies and advanced genomic tools. He has worked for many years on biogeochemical observations in different areas of the ocean, e.g., with regard to ocean oxygenation and ecological consequences of deep sea mining. Felix is co-leading the Strategy Group on Sustained Observing of the Open Ocean under the umbrella of the German Marine Research Consortium and leads the Task Team on Biogeochemistry in DOOS. Lynne Talley is a Distinguished Professor of Physical Oceanography at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. Talley’s research focuses on the general circulation of the ocean and the role of various oceanic and atmospheric conditions that affect ocean currents and property distributions, and the role of the ocean in climate. Her work involves analysis of data from most of the world’s oceans. She has been co-chair of US GO-SHIP (repeat hydrograhy) for many years, with original roots in WOCE. She is one of the principal investigators for the NSF-funded Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate and Fifth Assessment Reports Working Group I chapters on ocean observations. She is lead author of a widely-used textbook in physical oceanography Dr Henry Ruhl, CeNCOOS Director (Central and Northern California Ocean Observing System), Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI).; Deep-sea ecologist at the National Oceanography Centre (NOC), UK. He has a research background in ocean biogeochemistry and ecosystems and has long focused on understanding the factors that drive the distribution and abundance of life from wetlands to the deep sea. Increasingly this has included using carbon and energy as common currencies to connect both mechanistic and societal themes around understanding human impact on the environment. Achievements have included leading the Autonomous Ecological Surveying of the Abyss project; leading the first research cruise of the new RRS Discovery; and leading the UK position in establishing the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) - European Research Infrastructure Consortium; and is currently working on ways to integrate biological and ecological data into GOOS for societal applications Patricia Fryer, Research Professor of Marine Geology, University of Hawaii Patricia Fryer, Ph.D., is a marine geologist interested in all aspects of lithospheric plate subduction, the process that forms ocean trenches and island arcs. She is a veteran of 53 marine research expeditions, often in the role of chief scientist, and her research has ranged from studies of the axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to the very deepest parts of the Mariana Trench. She has an active interest in serpentine mud volcanoes formed as a consequence of subduction and deformation of the Mariana plate above the subduction zone and served as a Co-Chief Scientist on Deep Ocean Drilling expeditions on them. Fryer has dived in the submersibles Alvin and Shinkai 6500, and has conducted expeditions with several remotely operated vehicles in the Mariana region. She received her BS degree in Geology from the College of William and Mary, and her graduate degrees in Geology and Geophysics from the University of Hawai`i at Mānoa. She is currently working on samples of sediment and rocks from the Sirena Deep area of the Mariana Trench to understand not only the physical and chemical processes responsible for their origins, but to collaborate with biologists to determine the implications of microbial communities observed thriving on serpentinized peridotite (mantle rock) from the deepest parts of the inner trench slope. Karen Stocks, Director of the Geological Data Center at Scripps Institution of Oceanography Karen Stocks specializes in the documentation, discovery, access, integration, and curation of oceanographic data. She currently serves as the Director of the CCHDO global database of hydrographic measurements, the Director of Information Services for the International Ocean Discovery Program’s Science Support Office, and the Scripps lead for Rolling Deck to Repository, a multi-institution collaboration managing data from the US Academic Research Fleet. She holds a PhD in Biological Oceanography from Rutgers University, and her expertise includes information systems for vessel- based sensors, scientific ocean drilling, biodiversity and biogeography, metagenomics, and ocean observing systems. .

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