E1800 Environmental Assessment Study Of Public Disclosure Authorized Targeted Rural Initiatives for Poverty Termination and Infrastructure (ORISSA RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION MISSION) Public Disclosure Authorized Submitted To Director (TRIPTI) – cum - Addl. Secy. to Government Govt. Of Orissa, SIRD Building, Unit-VIII, Bhubaneswar Public Disclosure Authorized Submitted By Public Disclosure Authorized Varun Techno Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd. N-3/429, IRC Village, Bhubaneswar –751015 Ph/Fax-0674-2559555, [email protected] Acknowledgement We are privileged to record our hearty thanks and deep gratitude to Mr. Saswat Mishra IAS, Additional Secretary cum Project Director TRIPTI of Panchayati Raj Department. and Mr. Jayanta Narayan Sarangee, OAS, Under Secretary Cum Assistant Project Director TRIPTI, Panchayati Raj Department for entrusting the task of “Integrated Social And Environmental Assessment Study” to us. Note worthy technical guidance, keen interest & sincere co-operation extended by Ms.Phalguni Sahoo, Capacity Building Expert, Mr.Sibabrata Choudhury, Livelihood Expert and Mr.P.K.Dash M&E Expert through out the course of the study are gratefully acknowledged. Our appreciation and thanks are due to Mr.Parimal Sadafal & Mr.Benjamin Powis World Bank Consultant for their valuable advice. We are thankful to our Team Leader Prof (Dr) Madhab Chandra Dash, former Vice Chancellor, Sambalpur University and Chairman Orissa Pollution Control Board for his valuable professional support during field survey, full co-operation & commitment during report preparation. He has done a commendable job within a stipulated time. It also note worthy to appreciate the contribution of Dr.Umesh Mishra Expert, We wish to convey our thanks to the Collectors of Nayagarh, Angul & Jagatsinghpur for providing support to the field team. We wish to convey out thanks to the PD DRDA’s of Nayagarh, Angul & Jagatsingpur and their field staff for providing tremendous support to our field team during Key informants interviews and Focus group Discussions. We also thank, to Mr. B.K.Pursti, Mr. Amajit Parida, our computer programmers and Mr.K Sarangi, secondary data analysts & their team, for pain-taking efforts in data entry, analysis & computerization of manuscript. This study would not have been possible without the help of field team comprising of, Ms. Kaplana Mohanty, Mr. Somanath Chand, Mr. Satyajit Jena, Ms. Anu Dash, Ms. Laxmipriya Dash, Mr Jitendra SAhoo , and Mr. Jayanta Kumar Behera. We appreciate their efforts. Last but not the least the credit are also due to PRI Members, Key Informats and Villagers of Sample village’s, who willfully co-operated in conducting field exercise and provided deep insight to the assessment of ground realties. We pay our profound regards and thanks to them. Date:02.12.2007 Satya Bhusan Rath Bhubaneswar Managing Director List of Figures Figure-1 Seasonal natural rain fall in Orissa (in MM). Figure-2 Seasonal monthly mean temperature in Orissa (in Centigrade) Figure-3 Seasonal Relative Humidity (in MM) Figure-4 Occurrence of Natural Disaster from 1999-2006 in Orissa. Figure-5 Surface and ground water of Orissa(in Billion cubic meter) Figure-6 Break up of Industries of Orissa. Figure-7 Break up of large scale industries. Figure-8 Forest area in Orissa(%). Figure-9 Distribution of main workers (Census 2001) Figure-10 Distribution of marginal workers (Census 2001) Figure-11 Location map of blocks under project districts. Figure-12 Land use classification of Puri district. Figure-13 Land use classification of Jagatsinghpur district. Figure-14 Land use classification of Khurda district. Figure-15 Land use classification of Kendrapara district. Figure-16 Land use classification of Bhadrak district. Figure-17 Land use classification of Balasore district. Figure-18 Land use classification of Cuttack district. Figure-19 Land use classification of Jajpur district. Figure-20 Land use classification of Angul district. Figure-21 Land use classification of Nayagarh district. Figure-22 Orissa map showing forest area. Figure-23 Orissa Natural park & Wild life sanctuaries. Figure-24 Management frame work. Figure-25 A box model linking the livelihood options to the Environmental issues through Energy Scenario in Orissa Figure-26 Annual rain fall in project districts. Figure-27 Annual average rain fall of Orissa (in MM). Figure-28 Average annual relative humidity in different seasons of districts. Figure-29 Distribution of rural families in Orissa (in %) Figure-30 Land use pattern. Figure-31 Croping pattern of principal crops in Orissa. Figure-32 Forest coverage in different districts. Figure-33 Mineral map of Orissa. Figure-34 Soil types in Orissa (%) Figure-35 Rivers and their catchments & drainage areas. Figure-36 Industrial map of Orissa. Figure-37 Surface and ground water of Orissa. Figure-38 Energy scenario in Orissa. Figure-39 Power generation and consumption scenario of Orissa (in MW) Figure-40 Potential power in MW from different sources. Figure-41 Rural energy scenario (in MW). Figure-42 Acute respiratory infection due to air pollution. Figure-43 Water borne disease reported in Orissa within five year (1999-2003) Figure-44 Annual hazardous waste generation in Orissa. List of Tables Table-1 District wise Monthly Normal Rainfall (in M.M.) Table-2 Ten Years Mean Relative Humidity (%) at different places of Orissa. Table-3 Occurrence of Natural Disaster in Orissa Table-4 Occupational Pattern in Orissa Table-5 District-wise Distribution of Rural Families (%) in Orissa . Table-6 Operational holdings and % of Area Operated by Different Categories of Land Holder. Table-7 Human Development Indices for 15 major Provinces of the Country. Table-8 Cropping Pattern of Principal Crops in Orissa Table-9(A) Area, Production and Yield Rate of different Fruits in Orissa during 2005-06 Table-9(B) Area, Production & Yield Rate of different Vegetables Table-9(C) Area and Production of different Floricultural Crops. (In thousand M.T.) Table-10(A) Production of Fish and Crab in Orissa (In MT) Table-11 Fresh Water Fish Production from different Sources in Orissa (in thousand M.T.) Table-12 Disposition of Fish Produced in Orissa (In thousand M.T.) Table-13 Livestock Population in Orissa (in Lakhs) Table-14 Forest coverage of Orissa based on satellite data. (in Sq.Km.) Table-15 District wise Forest area in Orissa. (in Sq.Km.) Table-16 Mineral Resources of Orissa Table-17 Percentage of Gross Cropped Area under different crops Table-18 Food grain Production in Orissa Table-19 Agro Climatic Zones and Land Quality of the State Table-20 Classification of Soil Types of Orissa Table-21(A) Fertilizer Consumption in Orissa(000’MT) Table-21(B) Consumption of Fertilizers in some selected States. Table-22 Consumption of Pesticides in Orissa Table-23 Production of Milk Products, Meat, Eggs over the years Table-24 Surface and Ground Water of India and Orissa (Billion Cubic Meter). Table-25 Water Demand for (Mill.Cu.M) Orissa Table-26 Surface and Ground Water Table-27 District Wise Stone Crushers in Orissa Table-28 District Wise Brick Kilns in Orissa Table-29 Acute Respiratory Infections Table-30 Impact of Air Pollution on Mining Worker’s Health(Data in numbers and %) Table-31 Water Borne Disease reported in Orissa from 1999-2003 Table-32 Solid waste generation Table-33 The average solid waste composition in Orissa is given below. Table-34 Industrial solid waste generated in Orissa in 2004 Table-35 District wise Hazardous Waste Generation in Orissa*. Table-36 The Pattern of Occurrence of Saline Aquifers in Orissa Table-37 Exposure of Rural Housewives to pollutants generated from Chulha Table-38 Summary of livelihood options in the coastal and non-costal project districts. Table-39 Administrative Structure of the project districts Table-40(A) Area, Density and Decadal Growth Rate of Population) Table-40(B) Population with ST & SC and their Percentage to the total population Table-41 Land Utilisation Pattern (area in ‘000 Hect.) Table-42 Source wise Irrigated Area (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-43(A) Area under different Crops (Cereals) (in ‘000 Hect.). Table-43(B) Area under different Crops (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-43(C) Area under different Crops (Oil seed) (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-43(D) Area under different Crops (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-43(E) Area under different Crops (Fibres) (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-44(A) Production of different Crops (Cereals) (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-44(B) Production of different Crops (Pulses) (in ‘000 Hect.). Table-44(C) Production of different Crops (Oil seeds) (in ‘000 Hect.) Table-44(D) Production of different Crops (in ‘000 M.T.) Table-44(E) Production of different Crops (in ‘000 M.T.) Table-45(A) Average yield of different crops ( in Qtls/Hect.) Table-45(B) Average yield of different crops (in Qtls/Hect.) Table-45(C) Average yield of different crops (in Qtls/Hect.) Table-46 Consumption of Chemical Fertilizers in Orissa. Table-47 Fish Production in Orissa. Table-48 Number of livestock and poultry . Content Content .................................................................................................................................1 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................8 Chapter-I .............................................................................................................................13 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................13 1.1 Scope of the Study ................................................................................................