.1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3059 Lena A. Voreis, Richmond Beach, Wash., PosTMASTERS of executive papers in the following de­ in place of Frank Williams, removed without LOUISIANA partments and agency: prejudice. Maurice Primeaux, Kaplan. 1. Department of Agriculture. Robert I. Matheson, Suquamish, Wash. Leo L. Ehrhardt, Simmesport. 2. The National Archives. Office became Presidential July 1, 1942. Harry M. Bona, Tillicum, Wash. Office MICHIGAN 3. Department of the Navy. became Presidential July 1, 1942. Simon F. Blake, Bellaire. 4. Department of War. Fairleigh B. Wilkins, Yakima, Wash., in Helen E. Daly, Carrollton. TREASURY AND POST OFFICE DEPART· place of F. B. Wilkins. Incumbent's com­ LaVange M. Taggart, Cement City. MENT APPROPRIATION BILL-CONFER· mission expired June 23, 1942. Marian A. Cleary, Clawsnn. Mary Elllott, Haslett. ENCE REPORT WEST VIRGINIA Helen B. Martin, Indian River. Mr. LUDLOW. Mr. Speaker, from the Stella M. Krevosky, Grant Town, W. Va., Nellie I. Blemaster, Maple Rapids. Committee on Appropriations I present · in place of E. J. Rush, resigned. Margaret C. Cryan, Mendon. a conference report and statement on the Jeremiah W. Dingess, Huntington, W. Va., Anna C. Kulish, Minden City. bill New Deal scheme. allegedly to further the principles for Another section provides that a mem­ KNOW-AS-YOU-GO TAXATION which this one is being waged. With the ber of the military forces may be honor­ selections thus narrowed down and our Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask troops properly "educated" through cen­ ably discharged for the purposes of per­ unanimous consent to proceed for 1 forming the duties of a public office. minute. sorship and the 0. W. I. booklets promot­ This would in effect permit a person The SPEAKER. Is there objection? ing the personal prestige of the fourth­ to be discharged should he be elected to term candidate, the pattern takes on There was no objection. form. an office he held prior to entering the Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, I favor a service, but it would not authorize a dis­ tax plan that will let the American peo .. Apparently the Postmaster General, charge to seek office. ple know-as-they-go, This House has so who has just returned from a cross-coun­ The order is ridiculous on the face of far rejected all plans for pay-as-you-go try "inspection trip" at public expense it. Has the time come in free America or pay-as-you-earn taxation. Precious has really had his ear to the ground and when men and women performing a pa­ months are slipping by, and we are not has given advice that it would be well triotic duty to their country in time of collecting taxes at the source nor are we for the administration not to enumer­ national emergency are to be penalized providing a way for monthly payments. ate its poultry before it incubates. The for performing that duty? If this order Much-needed revenue is being forever people are busy and preoccupied with will hold, then any man or woman of lost to the Treasury of the United States winning the war, but do not miss the induction age selected by the electorate by the inaction of Congress. significance of politics as it is being of any community in our country can be What does the Government expect in played by some Washington leaders who speedily put into the armed forces and the way of taxes from the 1943 income should now be giving attention to pub­ by such induction declared to be ineli­ of our people and how can it be paid? lic business rather than personal pro­ gible to hold public office, unless that par­ The people have no way of knowing, motion. ticular office was held by him prior to yet half of the year will soon be gone. Why was this order not issued before such entry. The vast majority of the men The least that this Congress can do is to the congressional elections if it·is neces­ and women in the service today are not let the taxpayers know what their cur­ sary to win the war? Does the adminis­ professional soldiers, but men and wo- rent obligations are. Ten-twelfths of tration regret election of the gentleman men imbued with only the thought of 1942 had gone by before the American from California, WILL ROGERS, Jr.? In doing their duty to their country. taxpayer was advised of the 1942 rates. fairness and out of respect for precedent If the order is contrary to an individ­ If the taxpayer cannot get on a cur­ the President should revoke the order. ual's constitutional rights, which I say rent basis so far as his payments are The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ it is, it should be :mmediately rescinded concerned, he should at least have cur­ tleman from Missouri has expired. as absolutely un-American. We are liv­ rent information as to what he must pay. Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ ing in a free America, under a demo- If we cannot have pay-as-you-go, let us mous consent to address the House for 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3061 1 minute and to revise and extend my CONSTITUTION DAY OF THE REPUBLIC No. 1 approximately 110 Medals of Honor remarks and include an extract from the OF POLAND have been awarded Army men. Washington Times-Herald of today. · Mr. LESINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask Navy meri and marines numbering 36 The SPEAKER. Is there objection? unanimous consent that on Monday, have been awarded the Medal of Honor . . There was no objection. May 3, 1943, immediately after reading in this war and a total of 59 have re­ [Mr. FisH addressed the House. His the Journal on the disposition of all ceived the award since the beginning of remarks appear in the Appendix.] business on the Speaker's table, that I be World War No. 1. DAVID GINSBURG permitted to address the House for 2 The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ tleman from California has expired. Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey. Mr. hours. May 3 is Constitution Day of our Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ sister republic, Poland, and I desire this USE OF FIBER CONTAINERS dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ time to address the House with reference Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask vise and extend my remarks. to the Polish Constitution Day, and I will unanimous consent to address the House The SPEAKER. Is there objection? yield such time as is requested by other for 1 minute. There was no objection. Members to present their views on the The SPEAKER. Without objection, it [Mr. THoMAs of New Jersey addressed same subject. is so ordered. the House. His remarks appear in the The SPEAKER. Without objection, it There was no objection. Appendix.] is so ordered. Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, one FREEDOM There was no objection. sometimes wonders how much conserva­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I EXTENSION OF REMARKS tion departments and agencies of the ask unanimous consent to proceed for Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Speaker, I ask Government practice in administering 1 minute. unanimous consent to extend my re­ conservation orders affecting critical The SPEAKER. Is there objection? marks in the RECORD and include an materials. There was no objection. article. Not long ago a wholesale drug com­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, a The SPEAKER. Is there objection? pany in my district of Indiana was denied few weeks ago I received a very interest­ There was no objection. permis&ion by the War Production Board ing letter from a constituent of mine. ADDITIONAL CADETS AT UNITED STATES to continue use of paper or fiber con­ I know this man. He is a man of poor MILITARY ACADEMY AND ADDITIONAL tainers with waste metal friction top for circumstances. The letter so inspired MIDSHIPMEN AT UNITED STATES NAVAL packaging medicinal tablets. This com­ me that I felt it would be well to call ACADEMY pany asked me, as their Congressman, to it to the attention of the House. It is cooperate in filing an appeal. The mat­ Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Speaker, I ask ter was promptly taken up with the an example and an inspiration. unanimous consent to address the House The letter reads as follows: proper official of the War Production for 1 minute and to revise and extend Board and the case reviewed. SOUTH BOSTON, MASS., March 14, 1943. my remarks. Hon. JoHN W. McCoRMACK, The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Of course, the appeals board again House of Representatives, There was no objection. denied the company use of that type of Washington, D. C. Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Speaker, on are­ container and sent me a letter of expla­ DEAR FRIEND: I have been notified by the nation with a1 attached marked copy of War Department that my youngest son, cent occasion when Kenneth N. Walker, Jr., received from the hands . of the the restriction order on which the deci­ Daniel F. Mahoney, has been killed in action sion was based. But did I receive the in the south Pacific area, on December 17, President the Congressional Medal of 1942. It is needless to tell you how I feel, Honor for his father, Brig. Gen. Ken­ letter through the regular mail? No. It because I have two other sons in the service neth N. Walker, United States Air Forces, was delivered to my office by special mes­ also. who was last seen diving with a bomb senger. And, fortunately for the mes­ Like every other father who worked hard load on the harbor of Rabaul, the Presi­ senger, he was not required to wear out to bring up his family, I had looked forward dent expressed the hope that he might his rationed shoes by walking the short to the day when I hoped my boys would be distance from the War. Production Board a help to me. I had not figured on the ad­ be enabled to appoint Kenneth N. Walker, Jr., to the United States Military office to the House Office Building. He vent of a Devil, who would murder and rode a motorcycle. enslave the world. When the call came, I Academy. It occurred to me on the way willingly offered my sons to preserve free­ back to the House of Representatives I wonder how much vital gasoline and dom. That I have lost one already, is sad, from that occasion that the sons of all rubber was used in sending, by special but we must go on to victory, and I assure of the men who receive the Congres­ messenger, on the Government pay roll, you that behind our tears is a firm resolve sional Medal of Honor, whether they be a letter advising me that my constituent to dig in all ·the harder, and when victory soldiers, sailors, or marines or officers could not use his customary cardboard comes I will know that my boy did not die in the Army or Navy, should be entitled container because it had a cap that in­ in vain. I will carry on regardless of cost. volved critical scrap metal. Sincerely yours, to that opportunity. JAMES J. MAHONEY. I am therefore introducing a bill today, The service was splendid, but hardly the title of which is "An act to provide consistent with the times and practice. The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ for the appointment of additional cadets EXTENSION OF REMARKS tleman from Massachusetts has expired. at the United States Military Academy Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Speaker, I ask PAY-AS-YOU-GO TAX BILL and additional midshipmen at the unanimous consent to extend my own Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. Mr. United States Naval Academy from · remarks in the RECORD and to include Speaker. I ask unanimous consent to among the sons of officers, soldiers, therein a radio address which I delivered proceed for 1 minute and to revise and sailors, and marines who have been last night on the subject What Follows extend my remarks and to include there­ awarded the Congressional Medal of This War? in a letter. Honor." The Congressional Medal of Honor The SPEAKER. Without objection, it The SPEAKER. Without objection, it is so ordered. is so ordered. may be awarded by the President in. the name of the Congress to an officer, sol­ There was no objection. There was no objection. Mr. LAMBERTSON. Mr. Speaker, I [Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico ad­ dier, sailor, or marine, who shall "in ac­ tion involving actual conflict with an ask unanimous consent to extend my dressed the House. His remarks appear own remarks in the Appendix of the in the Appendix.] enemy distinguish himself conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk RECORD. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE of his life above and beyond the call of The SPEAKER. Without objection, it Mr. CURLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask duty"-July 9, 1918, chapter 143, Fortieth is so ordered. unanimous consent to address the House Statutes, page 870. There was no objection. on next Friday after the legislative busi­ Thus far in this war 10 Congressional Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. ness of the day and any other special Medals of Honor have been awarded to Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that orders, for 20 minute~. Army men, 6 of whom are either missing my colleague the gentleman from Penn­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? in action or are known to have lost their sylvania [Mr. VAN ZANDTJ may be al­ There was no objection. lives. Since the beginning of World War lowed to extend his own remarks in the '3062 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 RECORD and include an editorial on cer­ .Posters, one of which I show you now, EXTENSION OF REMARKS tain expenses of the administration. which they are in the process of distrib­ Mr. CRAVENS. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Without objection, it uting to all the Army camps, urging unanimous consent to extend my own is so ordered. them to cooperate in my war on waste. remarks in the Appendix of the RECORD There was no objection. Here also is a sticker which is being ex­ and to include an editorial. Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask hibited in a great many Washington The SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to extend my own re­ restaurants. the request of the gentleman from Ar­ marks in the REcORD and to include Most of the restaurants in York, Pa., kansas [Mr. CRAVENS]? therein an article from the Washington and many throughout the Twenty-sec­ There was no objection. Evening Star. ond District of Pennsylvania have them The SPEAKER. Without objection, it on display. The saving of food is quite ANSWERING AN UNJUST ATTACK is so ordered. evident. Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a There was no objection. I am glad the Republican leadership question of personal privilege. Mr. BUFFETT. Mr. Speaker, I ask of this House in its wisdom has organized The SPEAKER. The gentleman will unanimous consent to extend my own a committee to study the food situation. please state to the Chair his grounds. remarks in ·the RECORD and include Those in authority have long ago de­ Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, on last therein an editorial. clared that .. Food will win the war and Friday, April 2, in discussing a bill before The SPEAKER. Without objection, it write the peace." I was made very happy the House, I was calling attention to the is so ordered. yesterday when I was told that I was execution by the Soviet Government of There was no objection. going to be asked to appear before this two men, named Erlich and Alter. I Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask committee. I shall be pleased to turn was interrupted by the Member from unanimous consent that my colleague over to them such information as I have New York [Mr. CELLERJ, and after I got the gentleman from New York [Mr. with such recommendations as I think an opportunity to make my speech, CULLEN] may be permitted to extend his are helpful along this line. which, by the way, was after he had own remarks in the RECORD. Nothing is so important today as to made his speech, he took his manuscript The SPEAKER. Without objection, it conserve our food and conserve it while to his om.ce, or at least got hold of it, is so ordered. we still have something to eat. It is amended it, and inserted in it some state­ There was no objection. much better to save food than to hunt it. ments that were false, libelous, slander­ I am grateful for the cooperation I ous, and that he would not dare make THE COAST GUARD CUTTER "CAMPBELL" have received, and I am going to continue on the floor of the House, and that no Mr. BLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ my war on waste until everyone has man would dare intimate in my presence imous consent to address the House for enough to seat for the duration. outside of the House. 1 minute. EXTENSION OF REMARKS The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman The SPEAKER. Without objection, it give the Chair the language about which is so ordered. · Soviet Union and assistance to Polish in­ Why? Because Moses was of my faith. Then he inserted these words: telligence organs in armed activities, Erlich and Alter were sentenced to capital punlsh­ Mr. Speaker, that is news to me. Never have I heard a word of pity or lament ment in August 1941. Then a little later he inserted these or protest from the gentleman from Mis­ At the request of the Polish Government, words: sissippi. It is not in him to do so. Erlich and Alter were released in September Even if Micah came into this Chamber the I wonder if the disabled veterans of 1941. gentleman would cast at him mud and in­ However, after they were set free at the sults, only because he was a Jew. this country would agree with that time of the most desperate battles of the remark. Soviet troops against the advancing Hitler Mr. CELLER. A point of order, Mr. As to his· derelictions- army, they resumed their hostile activities Speaker. including appeals to the Soviet troops to stop Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I decline That is, mine- bloodshed and immediately to conclude peace to yield now; and I am not going to be with Germany. For this they were rearrested I repeat the words out of St. Luke- and, on December 1942, sentenced once more disturbed. to capital punishment by the Military Col­ Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, the words Mr. Speaker, he is about the last man in this House who ought to call in St. legeum of the Supreme Court. indicated by the gentleman were spoken This sentence has been carried out in in the House. Can the gentleman still Luke. He quotes St. Luke as follows: regard to both of them. have the right to rise to a question of Father, forgive them, for they know not Yours sincerely, personal privilege? what they do. AMBASSADOR MAXIM LITVINOV. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE APRIL 7 Mr. Speaker, that was what I was the Russian Army is giving a wonderful conflict is over, if .we save our form of bringing out the other day, when those account of itself, and anything that is government, our institutions, and our attacks were being made, not on the done here to disturb the Russian Army w.ay of life, the American people will floor of the House, but in the cloakroom. or the Russian regime or stir up rebellion build a monument to the Dies committee Let me clear up one thing now once and in Russia could but be fatal to the cause for the patriotic services it has rendered for all. A year or two ago I made a of the Allies, and cost the lives of untold in trying to expose German, Japanese, short statement in which I happened thousands and tens of thousands of pa­ Italian, Communist, and every other sub­ to use the expression "Our Jewish breth­ triotic Americans. These Communists versive :fifth-columnist element in the ren." One gentleman attempted to re­ are what I am complaining of and not United States. ply to me. He evidently did not under­ the patriotic American Jews. I am com­ Now they are trying to use the Negro stand what I said. He later had a heart plaining of these Communists who are as a smokescreen. Of all people on earth. attack and died, and I saw some men stirring up race trouble all over this They are trying to shove them into every walk down in this well and perpetrate country. · They have gone among the place here for that purpose. You re­ the most ghoulish performance I have Negroes and are stirring up trouble for member that Mr. Kopplemann had a bill ever witnessed in my life, and actually, the white people of the South, and here here to make it a penalty not to take throughout the country, they tried to ac­ in the District of Columbia, as we have them into all the dining rooms, all the cuse me of killing that man, with whom never had it stirred since the darkest hotels, picture shows, and restaurants. I was on the most friendly terms. I had days of reconstruction. What is that The decent Negroes do not want that. I no more to do with his death than one for? Is that to aid the cause of the know more about th~ Negro than any of of you did. Allies? There are no more patriotic these flannel-mouth agitators who are Then the other day, when I was try­ people under the shining sun than the running around trying to mislead you ing to prevent what I feared was a dan­ people of the Southern States. When about his welfare. I grew up among gerous precedent in this House, and when your forebears and mine were locked in them. It is no disgrece for him to be I was bringing out the fact that these deadly conflict in the War Between the called a Negro. If I were a Negro I would ~otsky Communists had been trying to States, those old men will tell you that want to be as black as the ace of spades. overthrow the Stalin regime right in the no soldiers on earth ever gave a better I would not want anybody to think I was middle of this war, when the Russfan account of themselves than did the Con­ anything but a real Negro, and if this Army was :fighting on the northern front federate soldiers. So we, the sons of Con­ gang would let me alone I would have to keep that vast horde of German sol­ federate and Federal soldiers, are :fight­ the best time on earth. diers off the American and English ing to maintain our civilization, to 'main­ I am going to read you this word, if I Armies, when I was bringing those facts tain our way of life, and to save our insti­ may, and I want you to listen to this. A out, these attacks occurred. tutions; and yet we have these com­ great American once said- Let me say this here and now: I have munistic elements in this country going ! am bringing this to your attention. never at any time attacked an American around trying to stir up trouble. Listen You cannot destroy the white man's civ­ Jew. I have known them all my life. to this PM. After one of its tirades it ilization in this country. You cannot The old line American Jews are just as says, speaking of the execution of Erlich destroy the white people of the Southern patriotic as you or I. Many of them and Alter: States. You can sign all these crazy pe­ are worried to death about this com­ It is bound to haunt American-Soviet rela­ titions you want to. They will rise up to munistic group in this country, and all tions for a long time to come. haunt you in the years to come. over the world, that is stirring up this Haunt those relations with whom? A great American said, in a great de­ trouble· for them. I have not called at­ Not with the patriotic Americans who bate in this country: tention to the fact that they have glory in the victories of the Russian I will say that I am not and never have crowded into the Government depart­ Army. been in favor of bringing a"!Jout in any way ments. We have all remained silent I hope if anybody else goes over there, the social equality of the white and black because we did not wish to stir up Jew or gentile, and attempts to stir up a races. trouble for these people. One leading revolution, that Stalin does them the He said: Member of the House said the other day same way. I will.say in addition to this that there is a that there were 39 times as many Jews I was call~g attention in that debate physical difference between the white and on the Government pay roll as they are to that indictment which you will :find in black races which I believe will forever forbid numerically entitled to. I am the chair­ the RECORD of March 29. It goes on to the two Uving on terms of social equality. man of the Committee on World War smear people all over the United States. Veterans' Legislation, and I am receiving I submit it includes such organizations Do you know who said that? One of protests all the time that 60 percent of as the Daughters of the American Revo­ the greatest of all Americans-Abraham the doctors sent into the hospitals come lution, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, Lincoln. He said that in his debate with from them; but I have refrained from and the American Legion, and many Stephen A. Douglas. mentioning the question here on the other patriotic organizations. Now, we have a condition to deal with floor, even in the face of the slime that I um not a member of the America in the South. I am not worried .about was smeared throughout the country 2 First Committee. I never was; I never these attacks on me. I am able to take years ago. attended one of · their meetings. I care of myself on the floor of this House. But when a man continues to sit like noticed the picture of a familiar face over I know how to debate within the rules. I a drunken man on a · keg of pow­ in the southwest Pacific. I remember know how to respect the feelings and the der striking matches with both hands, they attacked him 2 years ago because rights of others. We have a condition then it is time for somebody to answer, they said he was a member of the down in the Southern States-and we and especially when one goes to this America First Committee which was dis­ have a condition here in Washington­ depth, to attack a fellow Member, and banded as soon as we entered the war. that these Communists are making make such charges as have been made He may have been, but God bless your worse. against me here, charges that every man 'SOul, when I ~aw that bandaged form, a They are likely to bring on a race riot on this floor knows to be untrue. man wno had gone through the hell of here any time. These Communists who They were getting ready for a big mass war, I recognized my old friend, one of go out here and eat and drink and dance meeting in New York in protest against the great patriots of America, Hanford with these Negroes are not only disgrac­ the execution of these men, Erlich and McNider, of Iowa. ing themselves, but the Negroes have Alter. How do you think that would You should get this indictment and contempt for them. They are bringing sound to your boy in north Africa or in read it. I am for prosecuting all crimi:­ trouble to their own people and stirring Guadalcanal? There is a picture here nals, but I am not for smearing patriotic up trouble for the white gentiles, as well of the celebration of the meeting in pro­ Americans. I am opposed to anyone as for the Negroes in the District of test against the execution of these men. abusing the Dies committee. Columbia. Now, you may not like Stalin, you may If you do not know it, you can find out I have a letter in my pocket from two not like Russia, but Russia is in this war that the American people are 95 percent white girls, from my own State, who had with us, whether you like it or not, and behind the Dies committee. .When this to resign and go home because they said 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3065 they were forced to use the same wash erties, and our way of life. This intima­ ·I believe it is a reflection upon my in­ room and the same toilet with a bunch tion that men who are supporting the tegrity when he states that I am doing of Negroes, a large proportion of whom Dies committee are sympathetic with the people of my faith immeasurable the Health Department says are infected Hitler is the most contemptible slander I harm, and I should like to spend a few with venereal diseases. have ever heard. No; whether they be moments with reference to countering There are only four solutions of the Jew or gentile, those men who are really that charge. Negro question. One of them is exter­ fighting America's battles have my ad­ The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman mination. No man would think of that. miration. You know I did not want this send that RECORD up to the chair? Does Another one is deportation, which is im­ war. God knows I knelt and prayed; I the gentleman from New York have the possible, especially at this time. Another · almost did so in this well and at the transcript and know that that was in- one would be amalgamation, which White House to plead that something serted? · would destroy the white man's civiliza­ might be done which I thought would Mr. CELLER. I have not the tran­ tion, and the Negro's too. You go to avert this catastrophe before it ever script with me, but I remember what was those countries that have amalgamated broke out in Europe, because I thought stated by the gentleman and it is not with them and you will see that they I could see ahead crepe on the doorknobs reflected accurately in the RECORD. have gone down. of almost every home in Europe and Furthermore, the gentleman made the The last method is segregation. The America. statement that I was the Jewish gentle­ only possible hope to get along with them, I could see the mothers, broken­ man from New York; and on that score and for the Negro to enjoy those bless­ hearted as they turned their faces to the I rise to a question of personal privilege. Ings to which he is entitled, is to keep chairs made vacant by the old fireside to The SPEAKER. The Chair wants to them segregated. They will have a bet­ weep the tears of broken hearts for those see the original transcript of the remarks ter time and you will, too. It has been sons they are sending forth to fight to of the gentleman from Mississippi. said that we mistreat them at home. preserve this Republic. I could see the Mr. CELLER. I can read more; there That is all false; the Negro has a better fathers, bowed-as it were "by the weight is more in that RECORD, Mr. Speaker, time where I live than he does in Wash­ of centuries, the emptiness of the ages which was not uttered on' the floor of ington, because he behaves himself and in their faces, and on their backs the bur­ the House. I shall be very brief, Mr. gets protection. We see that he is not dens of the world," bowed down in grief Speaker. disturbed. If we were to catch a bunch for those sons that your communities The SPEAKER. The Chair is not of these flannel-mouthed agitators danc­ and mine are sending to this war. I going to rule on this question without ing with a bunch of Negroes in Tupelo, had no respect for Hitler; I had none for seeing the original transcript and it is the Negroes would get a little lecture, but Mussolini; but I was in hopes that some­ not here. If there is no objection, the what would happen to the other crowd thing might be done to avert this ca­ gentleman may proceed for 10 minutes. would be something to write home about. lamity. When, however, my country be­ There was no objection. The Negroes at home can go out and came involved, and long before Pearl Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I believe shoot craps aniong themselves and you Harbor, I was for adequate prepared­ it violates unduly the esprit de corps can hardly get a justice· of the peace to ness. I was one of the advocates of Billy that should exist in this House; it vio­ fine them for it, but you let us catch a Mitchell here when Billy Mitchell was on lates the decorum that should animate white man out there robbing them in a trial. Had enough men backed us up at all Members thereof, to address anyone crap game and he gets all the law will that time we would have had an ade­ as "the Jewish Congressman from New allow and then we add a little for good quate air force and there would have York" as did the gentleman from Mis­ measure. been no Pearl Harbor disaster. sissippi [Mr. RANKIN] last Friday. If They live in peace down there. They We are in this war to win, we are that were to go unabated and were to are living in harmony, and yet these going to bend every effort to that end; continue we would then have ourselves communistic agitators are doing every­ but I want to tell you now the American in this very anomalous and highly dan­ thing they can to stir up this trouble for people are not going to-stand for cer­ gerous position where a Member would them and for us. tain subversive elements stirring up address another Member as "the Catholic Now, I do not want to take up your trouble in this country. gentleman from Massachusetts," as "the time. My people came here 300 years ago God grant that throughout the ages Protestant gentleman from Mississippi,'' to get away from persecutions in the Old yet to come, no hostile power may ever as "the Czechoslovakifi.n Member from World. My ancestors went through the set foot upon American soil. God grant Wisconsin," or "the Polish Member from Revolutionary War. One of my great that those principles laid down by Jef­ Michigan,'' or as "the Mormon gentleman great uncles, as I said before, who once ferson and Washington, and sustained from Utah.'' That would violate beyond served in this House, followed Andrew by all our great statesmen dG>wn to the peradventure of doubt the spirit and Jackson in the War of 1812 and gave his 'presel\t time, may be preserved. May we, traditions of the deliberations of this life at the Alamo in order that Texas the recipients of American liberty, that House. It would be violative of the very might be free. The only uncle I had of proud heritage of patriotism, conceived spirit of our Constitution. military age in the Civil War died at the in the minds of the greatest statesmen Upon reflection, I am sure the gentle­ Second Battle of Bull Run. Throughout the world has ever produced, guarded, man from Mississippi regrets making the the World War, and today in this war; my and protected by the undying loyalty of statement of characterization of me as own people are on every front in the a noble ancestry, may we forever pre­ serve and defend that liberty in our time "the Jewish gentleman from New York." world, fighting for what? To .preserve I am sure that the man he praised the this Republic, to preserve our form of and transmit it unimpaired to our pos­ other day, the distinguished Senator government and our way of life, and no terity that this· great Republic may go down to the future with strength in her from Louisiana, Judah P. Benjamin, of seavenger is going to get up on this floor loins, hope in her soul, and the Miriam Civil War fame, would not have risen in and smear me or any other patriotic the other Chamber and addressed the Americans from now on if I can help it. song of triumph on her lips. Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a other distinguished Senator from Mis­ We are in a great war. We are not question of personal privilege. sissippi, Jefferson Davis, as "the Protest­ only in a war abroad, but we are in a war The SPEAKER. The gentleman will ant Senator from Mississippi.'' Nor at home; we are in a war to keep sub­ state it. would Senator Davis have addressed the versive elements from undermining and Mr. CELLER. The gentleman in his gentleman from Louisiana as "the Jewish destroying our form of government and remarks of April 2, Friday last, put into Senator from Louisiana.'' Judah P. our way of life. Let every American as­ Benjamin held three Cabinet ofiic'es in sert himself. As I said, I could have the RECORD statements which he did not make on the floor of the House. He said the Confederacy and we are all proud struck this material from the RECORD, of him. He was a Jew. but I wanted to show· you the kind of among other things: I want to say in reply to the gentlemPn Danger, great danger, lurks in these stuff that has been used to smear me from New York that be bas been attacking characterizations and I do hope that the here and over the country. the white people of the South ever since he gentleman from Mississippi in the future I am convinced that if we lose this war has been in Congress. He is doing the Jews will not use that type of address to any we lose our form of government, our lib- of this country immeasurable harm. Member of the House. 3066 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .APRIL 7 Mr. RANKIN. Will the gentleman science and immunities of citizenship. Hap­ separate subcommittee of the Commit­ yield? pily the Government of the United States, tee on Appropriations was created for which gives to bigotry no sanction, to perse­ the purpose of taking testimony and of Mr. CELLER. I yield to the gentle­ cutio:q. no assistance, requires only that they man. who live- according fair hearing to those who had Mr. RANKIN. Of course, if the gen­ been so charged. Since the 9th of tleman does not want to be called the And so forth; and he wound up as February there have been six or seven Jewish gentleman, i have no objection follows: appropriation bills enacted by this to never calling him that again, but I May the children of the stock of Abraham House; the independent offices bill, the want to say one thing: Judah P. Benja­ who dwell in this land continue to merit and first deficiency bill, the additional Navy min never would have stuck that stuff enjoy the good will of the other inhabitants, bill, the civil functions bill, and now the 1n the RECORD that was put in there on while everyone shall sit 1n safety under his State, Justice, and Commerce bill, to be own vine and fig tree, and there shall be none followed by the legislative bill. The the 2d. to make him afraid. Mr. CELLER. I thank the gentleman House has shown admirable restraint and for that statement and I .. hope be will If we continue to stir up religious ani­ patience in letting this matter reside in abide by that good intention. mosities and racial difficulties, I fear that that committee for a determination. Mr. RANKIN. And I want to say this we cannot follow the admonitions of the But 60 days have elapsed. to the gentleman from New York: I am glorious Washington. I am wondering what this subcommit­ not withdrawing what I said about the ~ fear that we cannot sit in safety tee has been doing. Frankly, it will be gentleman from New York trying to stir under our own vine and fig tree, for 60 days this week since that subcommit­ up this :fight against the South on these there will be those to make us afraid. I tee has· been created. Other appro­ various bills that have been before the earnestly a&k the gentleman from Missis­ priation bills will be submitted and they House. sippi in the future by his remarks and by will include the names of some people Mr. CELLER. And I am not with­ his Qbservations not to make us afraid. on whom there has been a report by in­ drawing the statements I may have Finally, in the revision of my remarks, vestigators of our own committee and made with reference to the gentleman it is well to quote frC~m Peter, chapter 5, whose names I propose to bring into this from Mississippi. verse 5: well unless some action is taken reason­ Mr. RANKIN. You will not get out­ Yea, all of you be subject one to another, ably soon. I should like to hear from side of this House and make those state­ and be clothed with humility; for God re­ some of the members of this special sub­ ments, and if you make them against slsteth the proud and giveth grace to the committee. I understand that only a any other Member here you will prob­ humble. single witness has thus far been brought ably be expelled. before the committee. The SPEAKER. Now, the gentleman The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ I recognize, of course, that time is from Mississippi must be careful. tleman from New York has expired. necessary for organization. I recognize Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I think STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE APPRO­ that some procedural set-up must be de­ the gentleman from Mississippi ought PRIATION BILL, FISCAL YEAR 1944 veloped. I recognize that a counsel has to be careful in more respects than one Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, I move to be employed. But I submit on the in that regard. that the House resolve itself into the other hand that assurance was given us I have a perfect right to quote from Committee of the Whole House on the by the chairman of the full committee the teachings of St. Luke. I firmly be­ state of the Union for the further con­ that no time would be lost, and that we lieve in many of the glorious observa­ sideration of the bill mak­ would not be foreclosed from an oppor­ tions made by the Apostles. There is ing appropriations for the Departments tunity to deal with this thing on other much of glowing mercy and charity and of State, Justice, and Commerce, for the appropriation bills in case that commit­ forgiveness in the words of St. Luke and :fiscal year ending June 30, 1944, and for tee failed to report. So when we are the Apostles and I glory in the fact that other purposes. ready to bring in the Agricultural ap­ my memory permits me on the floor of The motion was agreed to. propriation bill sometime next week, I the House to quote their ennobling Accordingly the House resolved itself propose to exercise my .rights and pre­ phrases, their inspiring phrases. into the Committee of the Whole House rogatives, which I heretofore exercised The gentleman from Mississippi with on the state of the Union for the further when I had David Lasser stricken from one breath seeks to praise the race from consideration of the bill H. R. 2397, with the roll-and the Senate confirmed that whence I sprang and in another breath Mr. LUTHER A. JoHNSON in the chair. action and the President signed the bill, seeks in his subtle way to stir up ani­ The Clerk read the title of the bill. and I propose to follow the same course mosity. I hope he will not do that again. The Clerk read as follows: unless there is some evidence and some I hope that better judgment will reside indication of affirmative, positive, and Salaries: ·For Secretary of State; Under within him. But he has in the past Secretary of State, $10,000; Counselor, $10,000; speedy action on the part of the subcom­ handed the Members of my race and and other personal services in the District mittee that was created for this distinct· you gentlemen of the House a stick of of Columbia, including not to exceed $6,500 purpose. dynamite in a silk glove. I do indeed tor employees engaged on piece-work at rates Mr. FISH. Mr. Chairman, will the hope that he will not repeat those char­ to be fixed by the Secretary of State; $5,693,- gentleman yield? acterizations of my people. 000, of which $40,000 is hereby made avail­ Mr. DIRKSEN. I yield to the gentle­ There have been goodly numbers of able, without regard to civil-service and man from New York. classification laws, for salaries of members Mr. FISH. May I ask the gentleman my people in all the wars of the United and other employees of the Visa Board of States. I shall not enumerate them. if it is not a fact that this House was Appeals and salaries may b~ paid to the mem­ You kn.ow them all. I could read to you bers of such Board at a rate not exceeding led astray? We were definitely assured of the many wai" decorations received by $10,000 per annum each. by the chairman of the Committee on the members of the race of Abraham, Appropriations that these charges would Isaac, and Jacob, as I did the other day. Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. Chairman, I be investigated immediately, and that is I shall not repeat those names. It is move to strike out the last word. 60 days ago. unnecessary. Mr. Chairman: on February 9 the Mr. DIRKSEN. I do not know par­ ! shall end this brief statement with House passed the Treasury-Post Office ticularly whether we were led astray, but what Washington said when he was appropriation bill. The Members will I do know that we did have definite visiting the Portuguese synagogue in recall the sound and the fury of that de. assurance that we would have action, and Newport and wa:::; welcomed l'y its con­ bate when an amendment was offered to early action, and there has been no such gregation in a pathetic letter of welcome. strike the names of 36 people from the action. This week will mark the six­ His reply is memorable and it is well oft­ public pay roll for reasons of subversive tieth day since the House was in a mood times to repeat: activity. Mark you well the date. It to deal with the matter in connection The citizens of the United States of was the 9th day of February, according with the Treasury-Post Office bill. America have the right to applaud them­ to the calendar, that that bill was en­ Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. Mr. selves for having given to mankind examples acted and passed by the House. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? of an enlarged and liberal policy worthy of There was considerable storm and con­ Mr. DIRKSEN. I yield to the gentle­ imitation. All possess alike, llberty of con- siderable controversy. As a result, a man from New Mexico. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3067· Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. May The CHAffiMAN. The Chair first this· subcommittee. I have been avail­ I say to the gentleman the~ .the commit­ recognized the gentleman from Wiscon­ able every day since the subcommittee tee was in session this morning from sin [Mr. KEEFE] and then, on looking was created, to go to" work. But this 10 o'clock until 12 and will go into ses­ further, he saw the gentleman from job is not just as simple and just as easy sion again at 2 o'clock this afternoon Ohio [Mr. . JoNEs] on his feet. The as it may seem. I recall when the dis­ and stay in session most of the afternoon. gentleman from Wisconsin first got the tinguished chairman of the Committee All I should like to know is, What more eye of the Chair and asked for recogni­ on Appropriations came onto the floor of would the gentleman require of us? tion. The Chair recognizes the gentle­ ·the House he said we were going to have Mr. DIRKSEN. There has been no man from Wisconsin. this subcommittee appointed, and it preliminary report-there has been no Mr. RABAUT. Does the Chair mean would go to work and start reporting the intimation whatever of action. Not­ that the chairman of the subcommittee next day. Apparently the members withstanding that fact, appropriation is not to be recognized? thought that is what the procedure would bills where the names of alleged subver­ The CHAIRMAN. The Chair first be. As a matter of fact the committee sive people are carried on the rolls are recognizes the gentleman from Wiscon­ had to get organized, and the purpose of moving across the floor of this House sin, as a member of. the Committee on organizing this committee was to afford week after week. So I believe that at Appropriations. opportunity for those people who are least this House is entitled to some kind Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will the subject to charges, to have an oppor­ of information as to what the subcom­ gentleman yield? tunity to know what the charges are mittee has been doing. Mr. KEEFE. Yes. and to be given an opportunity to come Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I am Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, two before the committee. It would be sensi­ not trying to quarrel with the gentleman. Members, the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. ble, would it not, to suggest that they I think he is trying to be fair in this JoNES], a member of the minority of the would require that the charges be pre­ matter. But I believe it is also impor­ subcommittee, and the gentleman from ferred, and that the men against whom tant to point out that you cannot give North Carolina [Mr. KERR], of the ma­ the charges are to be preferred, be ad­ a preliminary report as to whether a man jority, are both members of the subcom­ vised of what the charges are. The fact is a fit or unfit person to stay on the pay mittee. The gentleman from North of the matter is that we endeavored to roll. Carolina [Mr. KERR] happens to be the secure an attorney, and went at it The CHAffiMAN. The time of the chairman of the particular committee promptly, as the members of the com­ gentleman from Illinois has expired. that was appointed, concerning which mittee know, and we have had just one Mr. DffiKSEN. Mr. Chairman, I ask the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. DIRK­ terrific time to get any attorney to act unanimous consent to proceed for 2 SEN] spoke a few moments ago. He is as a counsel for this committee. We additional minutes. also the ranking member of the com­ have one now. The committee is at work. Mr. RABAUT. Reserving the rig:P,t to mittee that has the bill before the House We have had a great deal of difficulty object, and I am not going to object, may getting the charges presented to the today. committee. All of the charges against I remind the Committee that we have Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Chairman, is this been delayed now with this bill and that all of these people are not before the parliamentary inquiry going to take up committee yet. It has taken the Dies this is the third day we have had it on all of my time? the floor. We are going to try to pro­ committee a tremendous amount of Mr. RABAUT. I shall ask that the work in order to assemble this informa­ ceed in order. I am not going to object gentleman have additional time. tion and submit it in proper form to our to this request, but we certainly must The CHAIRMAN. As the Chair un­ committee, and the distinguished chair­ speed up the consideration of this bill derstands it, a member of the Committee man of that committee, the gentleman today. on Appropriations has the same right as from Texas [Mr. DIES], is present, and Mr. HOFFMAN. Reserving the right those who are members of that commit­ he will agree with what I am saying. to object, Mr. Chairman, the chairman tee who happen to be members of a sub­ They have not heen able to get together says this is the third day we have had committee. That is the parliamentary the mass of information they have to this bill under consideration, but many procedure, as the Chair understands it. see, so that the proper exhibits are of us have not yet had a chance to speak. The Chair has recognized the gentleman photostated and submitted in proper How much time are we going to have? from Wisconsin. Had he not done so, form to our committee to give consider­ Are we going to get the usual 5 minutes he certainly would have recognized the ation to. or not? gentleman from South Carolina. Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. RABAUT. We are here until 20 Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I ask the gentleman yield? minutes past 6 last night. unanimous consent that the time of the Mr. KEEFE. Yes. Mr. HOFFMAN. I was here until 7. gentleman from Wisconsin be started Mr. POWERS. I wish my colleague Mr. DffiKSEN. I will withdraw the here at this point. on this subcommittee would also point request and remain within the rule, Mr. The CHAffiMAN. Without objection, out to the House that there are 38 or 39 Chairman. it is so ordered. Government employees that· we are in­ Mr. RABAUT. No; I am willing to let Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Chairman, appar­ vestigating. I wish he would also point the gentleman have that additional time. ently we are getting down to some pretty out to the House that in every case there Mr. DffiKSEN. Other Members can fine points here in the matter of obtain­ is a mass of testimony at least 3 feet take the time and belabor this particular ing recognition, and apparently physical high. We first have to look over the Dies issue that has been raised because it is size counts, because I am somewhat committee testimony, and then the find­ a matter of vital interest and many larger than the others, and will be seen ings of the Department of Justice, and Members have made repeated inquiry first. I rise in view of the fact that I then the interdepartmental committee, concerning the action of the special sub· happen to be a member of this subcom­ and then the Civil Service Committee. committee. mittee that has been the subject of some There are four of them, and there are The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman inquiry by the distinguished gentleman thousands and thousands of pages, and from Tilinois withdraws his request. from Tilinois [Mr. DIRKSEN] and I if anyone would like to have my job on Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in thought perhaps the House might be in­ that committee I wish he would take it opposition to the pro forma amendment. terested in knowing just a few of the and do it this afternoon, and they may Mr. JONES. Mr. Chairman, I move things which have been inquired about. have the opportunity of doing it very to strike out the last two words. I would be very glad to defer to the dis­ shortly. Mr. KEEFE. Mr. Chairman, I am a tinguished chairman of the committee Mr. KEEFE. And I will tender the Member of the Committee on Appropria­ if I thought he was interested in making same suggestion myself, that I would be tions. I do not know whether that a statement, but perhaps I can mollify happy to be relieved of that responsi­ counts or not. the apprehensions of the gentleman from bility. Mr. KERR. Mr. Chairman, I ask to lllinois with reference to the work of Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, will be recognized as a member of the sub:. this subcommittee. I have been just the gentleman·yield? committee. as apprehensive as anybody else about Mr.. KEEFE. Yes. LXXXIX--. 194 ·3068 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 Mr. HOFFMAN. How could anybody to this gentleman and in respect to the reference to getting subversive people off get on that particular committee who is charges made against him." the pay roll. not a member of' the Committee on Ap­ There are 5 different batches of evi­ First, we establish the Dies committee, propriations? That is fine for these two dence-voluminous evidence-that have which has had the support of 95 percent gentlemen to offer to resign, but how can been taken against every one of these of the people of the United States. anybody get on the committee? men charged with subversive activities. Then it was claimed by the executive Mr. KEEFE. The members of this We are compelled, under this order and department that the Dies committee re­ House know that so far as I am con­ under this resolution not only to exam­ ports are based upon opinion. In order cerned I have been more active trying ine just what the Dies committee said to double check these charges that the to get at this thing, and get this job about these employees or found out about Dies committee made, I was the author done, but if you think it is any little them but we are charged with the duty of a resolution that was passed and peanut job you have another guess com­ of taking the records of the investiga­ made a part of the 1942 fiscal-year supply ing. We have been now engaged for 3 tions made by the departments them­ bill, which allocated $100,000 of the or 4 days-4 day-with one witness, and selves with respect to these employees, ­ F. B. I. funds· to investigate the em­ we are going on again at 2 o'clock this and by the interdepartmental commit­ ployees on the Federal pay roll or the afternoon, and if the witness has his way tee and the investigation made by the organizations whom the Dies committee we will be there for 4 weeks to listen to F. B. I. of these employees accused of said were subversive. I contemplated at the story that he wants to tell. This subversive activities and by the Civil that time that the F. B. I., as it com­ committee is trying to be fair, and so Service Commission. You can see what pleted its investigation, would report to far as I am concerned we are going to a job we have. Every man on this com­ the Congress on each employee. The get the facts, and the facts are going to mittee has been diligent and has been positive mandate of the amendment re­ be presented to this House. As far as I endeavoring to get it under way as quick­ quired a report immediately to Congress. am concerned, the chips are going to fall ly as possible. Although we have been The argument on behalf of the amend­ where they will.- That is all there is to it. asking for the last 6 weeks to get the full ment was to get factual information that You have to be patient and give us a evidence upon which we could make in­ the F. B. I. had uncovered on each sub­ chance to bring the truth and the facts quiry and present it to the charged party, versive Federal employee or organization. to this House. You will get them. we have only been able to get the full After about 9 months of the fiscal year The CHAffiMAN. The time of the evidence on 3 of the 38 men who are had elapsed I had some correspondence gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. KEEFE] charged in this resolution. and conversation with the Attorney has expired. Mr. DIES. I think the gentleman is General's office, and asked them to give Mr. KERR. Mr. Chairman, I think my mistaken on that. Congress this factual information. distinguished friend and colleague the Mr. KERR. I yield to the gentleman. Sixteen months ago, just before we re­ gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. KEEFE] Mr. DIES. You have evidence on 10. ported out the first appropriation bill has made a correct statement with ref­ Mr. KERR. From the Dies committee. for tl,e fiscal year 1943, I tried to get this erence to the committee which was Mr. DIES. From the Dies committee. factual information for our supply bills appointed to investigate the several Mr. KERR. I think the gentleman is that we considered last year. We did charges made against various employees probably correct as to parts of the Dies not get it. The Attorney General and of this Government under a recent reso­ committee evidence, but, as a matter of his subordinates said they were not ready lution. fact, I do not think there has been but to report yet. Finally I talked with the As the gentleman from Wisconsin has three or not over four cases of the full Attorney General at the hearings in well said, this ·was a great deal larger charges and complete evidence made February of last year. He did not pose job than any of us thought we had to against these men furnished our commit­ any objection to giving Congress this undertake. I can say, and can say can­ tee to date. On April 1 we had only one information. He said the investigation didly and say truthfully, that we have case from the Dies committee which was was taking a lot of time and that there endeavored as diligently as possible to full and complete and included recent was some question when to report. organize our committee and to make testimony before the Dies committee. I kept urging an immediate report. these investigations. It might be inter­ The accused in this one was heard before Then after the fiscal year ended we got esting to say to you gentlemen that each us the next day. one report from the Attorney General's member of this committee has had an Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, will office. opportunity to go back to his district and the gentleman yield? Mr. KERR. Will the gentleman yield? endeavor to get someone from his dis­ Mr. KERR. I yield. Mr. JONES . . I would like to proceed trict or from his State to appear as at­ Mr. POWERS. May I suggest to my for just a minute and then I will yield. torney for this committee. It seemed to distinguished chairman "yes" on the first Not until the end of the fiscal year did be impossible for us to secure a proper 10 cases we have the evidence from the we get any kind of a report from the man, the kind of man that we wanted, Dies committee. Attorney General. When that report here in Washington. The House can Mr. KERR. That is true. came to Congress it did not contain the hardly realize that we have not only the Mr. POWERS. But the House must textual information on anybody that the duty of looking into the charges made realize that we do not have all the evi­ F. B. I. had investigated. The Congress bJ the Dies committee, but we are dence on those entire 10 cases. We have does not know and did not know then charged with the duty of taking five the evidence on 3, because the Dies from reports submitted to it what indi­ different investigations and going committee evidence is only 1 portion viduals should be fired for subversive through them and examining the of the evidence. Again let me state that activities, because the textual facts re.. charges made against these Government all the interdepartmental evidence is ported by the F. B. I. stayed in the At­ employees charged with subversive ac­ needed; we need the F. B. I. evidence torney General's possession. tivities, and then to invite the accused and we need the civil service evidence, We then got a second report later on, to appear before us if he wishes, in order and you have to get all those things and the first of this calendar year. Congress that we may say to them, "Here is what correlate them. It has been an impos­ still did not get the textual, factual in­ you are alleged to have said. Here is sibility to get 10 complete. If we take formation so that we could weed A, B, what you are alleged to have done. as long with every other witness as we and C from the Federal pay roll. I in­ What do you say as to your activities have taken with this witness we will be sisted in the hearings this year that the w1th this organization or this group of at it for a year. Attorney General's ·office had not com- people?" The CHAffiMAN. The time of the plied with the intent and purpose of We have succeeded in getting an at­ gentleman from North Carolina has ex­ Congress when it passed this amend­ torney. We have an attorney who, be­ pired. ment. In last year's supply bill-the one ·cause of his knowledge of the law, his Mr. JONES. Mr. Chairman, I move to for this present fiscal year-another diligence, and his great character, will strike out the last three words. amendment was included earmarking make a correct and judicious study of Mr. Chairman, I think it is necessary $200,000 of F. B. I. funds to get this all of these charges and be able to bring at this point in the RECORD to develop factual information. In that amend­ them to the committee and tell us, ''Here the chronological history of what the ment I provided that the F. B. I. should is what the evidence discloses in respect Congress has been trying to do with report the findings forthwith to Con- 1943 ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3069 gress. I asked Mr. J. Edgar Hoover tliis like this: Here is a man who not once jection to the request of the gentleman year why we had not gotten the factual but we will say upon a number of occa­ from Illinois. information on the individual cases. He sions has openly associated and affiliated Mr. DIES. I may say that the House testified, as appears on pages 242 and with an organization which our commit­ really wants to have this explanation. 243 of the hearings, that he was requested tee unanimously found to be subversive. Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, reserv­ and directed by the Attorney General not And in passing let me say we have three ing the right to object, I would like to to give the factual information to Con­ Republicans and four Democrats upon know whether the gentleman is going to gress but to give it to the boss, the At­ our committee, and everyone knows we apply the rule that he announced awhile torney General. have had some outstanding progressives ago or whether he is going to let this If the interdepartmental committee of on our committee such as the gentleman out-of-order debate continue? the executive branch of the Government from Massachusetts [Mr. ..._q:EALEY] and Mr. RABAUT. I said to the gentleman is holding up the information for this the gentleman from California [Mr. from lllinois I would withhold objection special committee of the Appropriations VooRHIS]; and all of our reports with the in his case. I dislike to make an objec­ Committee to investigate these charges, possible exception of one were unanimous tion in this case. The gentleman I say that they were an illegal committee findings of the committee. But you have realizes that we have been on this bill in the first place, in my estimation. more evidence than that. The Depart­ here for 2 days. This is a very interest­ The time has come when we cannot ment of Justice was unwilling to accept ing subject and all that, but it has noth­ be held up any further by the Attorney our findings so they established their own ing to do with this particular bill. General's delay. The delay is not Mr. interdepartmental committee, and this Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. Chairman, re­ Hoover's fault, because he is willing to committee pursued its own independent serving the right to object, at this point comply. inquiry into what organizations were I think we ought to settle the question The CHAffiMAN. The time of the subversive and they reached certain con­ as to whether or not this debate is out gentleman from Ohio has expired. clusions that were stronger than our of order. In my judgment, it is not out of Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, I rise in op­ findings. So you have our committee's order because it is applicable to every position to the pro forma amendment. findings, you have the Department 'of appropriation bill that might be reported The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman Justice findings, and you have the fact by the Committee on Appropriations. from Texas is recognized for 5 minutes. that certain Government employees were Mr. DIES. I think we would save time Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, our com­ affiliated with organizations that are if we went ahead now. mittee has submitted to the special com­ subversive. It seems to me that if you Mr. CARTER. The gentleman well mittee headed by the gentleman from would require any committee to prove knows that if we grant this extension it North Carolina the evidence which we beyond a reasonable doubt that a man leaves the way open for anybody else to had in our files in 10 cases. We also is subversive or even to prove that he is come up here and ask for an extension subpenaed and heard these 10 witnesses. a Communist that you could never ac­ of time. We have been delayed a great I believe a great deal of the trouble complish anything, because manifestly deal this afternoon and we are being arises from a lack of understanding of the members of the Communist Party urged by the leadership to finish this what the policy of the Congress should are secret members. Neither the F. B. I., bill as rapidly as possible. be. In almost every case these Govern­ nor our committee, nor any other agency Mr. DIES. Let me have 2 minutes. ment employees have admitted most of has ever been successful in securing the Mr. CARTER. I am not going to ob­ the charges that I made on the ftoor of membership list of the Communist Party. ject to any request. this House. All members of the Communist PartY The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, will are instructed to perjure themselves. to the request of the gentleman from the gentleman yield? They do not hesitate under oath to deny Texas [Mr. DIES]? Mr. DIES. I yield briefly. their affiliation with the Communist There was no objection. Mr. HOFFMAN. The statement was Party, although we have conclusive proof Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, the House made that they had not been able to that there are approximately 165,000 is going· to have to determine this ques­ find any charges yet. Will the gentle­ dues-paying members. So it would seem tion sooner or later. It is a question of man tell us something about that? to me that in dealing with merely the what degree of proof you want. I main­ Mr. DIES. I do not think the gentle­ question of whether or not these people tain-and I am willing to submit this man meant that; what the gentleman shall hold appointive jobs that we in the question to a vote of the House-that in meant, and what I am sure he will agree Congress should establish a policy that a case where an employee has agreed or to, was that on this subject that has when any Government employee know­ where the evidence is clear that the em­ taken our committee nearly. 5 years to ingly or carelessly affiliates or associates ployee has openly associated and affil­ understand, he and the other members with a subversive organization that he iated with a subversive organization, of the subcommittee are experiencing should not be given employment in our whether it is Nazi, Communist, or a Fas­ the same difficulty we experienced for a Government. Let me show you how sim­ cist organization, or where he has given long time after we began this work. ple this is in the case of Nazi organiza­ expression to utterances in which he has The point I want to malce is this ancl tions. Our committee, of course, has ex­ denounced our form of government, in I want our distinguished colleague from posed a number of Nazi organizations in cases of that sort he ought to be stricken North Carolina [Mr. KERR] to listen to this country. Suppose these 38 Govern­ from the pay roll without any question. these observations: I think there will be ment employees had been officers and If, in addition to that, you want the same no contest about the fact that these members of the German-American rules to apply and the same degree of charges are substantially correct. I Bund. · proof to obtain as in a case where you think that in the great majority of the How long do you think it would take were trying a man for the commission of cases these Government employees wm· to strike them from the pay roll of this a crime, then, of course, there will be no agree, as they have agreed before our Government? Yet the Communist Party way to strike these people from the pay committee in the past 10 days, that they by the findings of our committee and by roll because, as I have said before, we were associated and affiliated with these the findings of the Attorney General is have had known Communists perjure various organizations or that they were just as revolutionary, just as disloyal themselves before the committee and it the authors of various books, pamphlets, and unpatriotic as the German-Ameri­ was on the basis of perjured testimony and speeches expressing certain senti­ can Bund. that some of them were convicted. ments which I have heretofore read to The CHAIRMAN. The time of the I think the time is rapidly approaching the House and which in my opinion gentleman has expired. when we ought to have a determination clearly show that at least at one time Mr. DIES. Mr. Chairman, I ask of this issue on the floor of the House as they were not in favor of our form of unanimous consent to proceed for 5 ad­ to what the House wants to do. It is a government. In no case has the author ditional minutes. great burden on the gentleman from publicly repudiated his views as previ­ The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to North Carolina and these other gentle­ ously expressed. the request of the gentleman from Texas men. I know 1JI. hat they are going We are not trying these people for [Mr. DIES]? through, and I believe they now know crimes, we are not seeking to impose any Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, reserv­ what we have gone through for 5 years. penalty; it is just a question in my mind ing the right to object, I made an ob- Their difficulty arises, and our difficulty ... 3070 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 has arisen·, from a lack of knowledge of character of proof you want in order to ·that, while it is easy to say that an or­ just what the policy ought to be. I think justify dismissal. ganization is subversive, it is very diffi­ that a Government employee's record Mr. BROOKS. Will the gentleman cult to say that because a man wrote for ought to be beyond any suspicion. He yield? a magazine which had other people who holds an appointive. job, not an elective Mr. DIES. I yield to the gentlema~ were possibly Communists, writing for job, and it seems to me that if by his own from Louisiana. it, he, himself, was a member of the action he l_as knowingly or carelessly Mr. BROOKS. It is a fine thing to Communist Party. used his natne and his influence to pro­ protect the rights of an individual, but If there came before us a single person mote, to support, and to strengthen sub­ in an instance like this, does not the who openly admitted that he was a Com­ versive movements in this country that gentleman believe that the rights of the munist and was trying to strike down fact, and that fact alone, ought to be people of the United States to have per­ this Government, you would have a re­ sufficient to disqualify him from tL3 Gov­ sons in its employ in whom they have port to this House immediately, but that ernment service. If you have any doubt confidence should be considered like­ is not the situation. Those people who about that, then I ask, how many Mem­ wise? have admitted to that sort of a situation bers of this House woulrl permit an offi­ Mr. DIES. I may say that if these have disappeared from the public pay cer, director, or member of the German­ people had run for public· office they roll. American Bund or the Kyffhauser Bund would not have received 2 percent of the Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Chairman, will the and these various Nazi organizations t.o votes. gentleman yield? remain on the pay roll? When we ex­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I posed George Detheridge, who was on the gentleman has expired. yield to the gentleman from North Caro­ other side of the fence, it did not' take Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. Mr. lina. Secretary Knox 5 minutes to throw him Chairman, I move to strike out the last Mr. COOLEY. Does the gentleman ex­ off the pay roll. We ought to be con­ three words. pect any person to come before the com­ sistent about this. If we apply it in the Mr. Chairman, this discussion is ex­ mittee and make such an admission as case of people who have been active in tremely interesting to the House and I indicated by the gentlei!lan? German-American bunds we should ap­ think it is important that it be taken up Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I do ply it to people who have been active in at this time. I simply want to lay down not, and that is why I say you must pro­ other subversive organizations. as my own thesis that the only thing ceed carefully and see if the information As to whether we were right in finding that many of these people have in the that has been presented really ties him to these organizations subversive, I submit world is a good name, and that the com­ the cause. to you that if tht Department of Justice, mittee of which I am a member is going Mr. COOLEY. I agree with the gen­ pursuing an independent inquiry at a to see to it that if that good name is tleman that you should be careful, but time in which some of the officials there taken away from them it is taken away what degree of proof is the committee re­ were not on friendly terms with our on the basis of proper evidence which quiring? That seems to be the subject committee, .has arrived Bt the same con­ can show it deserves to be taken away. which concerns the gentleman from clusion as our committee, and you have I do not care how long the committee Texas [Mr. DIES]. your own agency and the Department of procrastinates or how long it delays, if Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I Justice agreeing as to what organiza­ that is what people think we are doing. cannot speak for any other member of tions are subversive, and you have Gov­ I, for one, am determined to see that no the committee, but as for myself, if I am ernment employees who were affiliated man or woman comes before that com­ convinced beyond a reasonable doubt and associated with those organizations, mittee and goes away saying, "I have that this person was engaged in im­ it seems to me that evidence ought to not had a fair hearing." proper or subversive activities or was as­ be sufficient to remove those people from I commend the other members of the sociated with people who were so en­ the pay roll. committee. I commend the gentleman gaged, I for one will be ready to condemn Mr. RANKIN. Will the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. KEEFE], who has him. But let me say this to you, that the yield? been extremely anxious to see some ac­ basis upon which this matter was pre­ Mr. DIES. I yield to the gentleman tion and who has been demanding stead­ sented to the House was that we would from Mississippi. ily that we bring in some sort of a re­ attempt to make sure that these people Mr. RANKIN. These Communists are port. Yet that gentleman and the gen­ ·deserve to be stricken from the public Trotskyites. That is the same crowd tleman from New Jersey [Mr. PoWERS] pay roll as people unfit to serve. that has been trying to stir up this and the other members of this commit­ Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, will the revolution in Ru~sia that I called atten­ tee have worked faithfully to see what gentleman yield for a question? tion to today. I submit they are just evidence there is upon which we can base Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I as dangerous as they can be and that a report. yield to the gentleman from New York. they ought to be driven from the Federal I want to comment just briefly upon Mr. TABER. It has been intimated to pay roll. what the gentleman from Texas has me that this witness has spent a great Mr. DIES. I may say to the gentle­ said. I am not quarreling with my deal of the time of the committee on ir­ man that in the 5 years of the commit­ friend, the gentleman from Texas [Mr. relevant dissertations, and that the com­ tee's existence I have never seen a case DIEs], when I say this. The Department mittee has felt obliged to listen to them. in which anyone would come before our of Justice has prepared a list listing cer­ Is there anything to that, in the gentle­ committee and frankly say, "I was a tain subversive organizations. That is man's opinion? member of the German-American Bund, one step in a link. The othet step is to Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I with knowledge of its subversive nature" prove that the man in question belonged think the gentleman from New York will or "I was a member of the Kyffhauser to that subversive organization or to find · recognize that the person who perhaps Bund and knew the nature of the organi­ sufficient evidence to make us believe should answer that is the chairman of zation." All of them have explanations, that he was trying to promote its cause. the committee. The meetings of the all of them have alibis and apologies; so I suggest to you that until that sec­ committee are still executive. But I that when you get into the field of ex­ ond step has been taken you are not would say to the gentleman that in my planation you have the trouble that the ready to strike any man from the pay personal opinion he has been dealing gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Pow­ roll, and so far we have not been able with matters that are not relevant. At ERS] is complaining about. These peo­ to determine whether we do or do not the same time, here is a man who is try­ ple are adepts in the art of testifying find conclusive proof. I am not saying ing to present his cause. He is explain­ and alibi-ing, They have spent years in that we will not find it, and I am not ing as best he can what the situation is. this sort of business and you will be chas­ saying that all the members of the com­ I am disposed to hear him through, ing yourselves around a ring and be con­ mittee will not be happy when that day After doing that, we may be able to sidering this matter for the next 10 comes to say that we have gone far establish a formula that will work better years. The first thing the Houst of e&ough to say that proof exists, but cer­ in other cases. Representatives ought to do is to in­ tainly we are only on one witness, and Mr. TABER. Does the gentleman feel sist upon a common-sense policy as to the we are finding in that particular case that the burden of the 37 cases is so 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3071 ' heavy that one subcommittee alone can­ minutes. Is that agreeable to the leave you?" I went away without an­ not handle the proposition and arrive at Chair? swering, for I did not vote to retain him a. conclusion within a reasonable time The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman's and I could not, I would not give the for the Congress to act? name is on the list. obvious answer. Mr. ANDERSON of New Mexico. I Is there objection to the request of the Now, here we are. We have the Dies think that is a very fair question, and gentleman from Michigan? committee. It has been in existence for I would answer the gentleman from New There was no objection. 4 or 5 years. That committee has spent York by saying that if each of the cases Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, I something like $495,000. We have ex­ as we go along takes anywhere near as move to strike out the last word and ask pressed our faith in the judgment. pa­ much time as this first case has, then· unanimous consent to extend my re­ triotism, and kind of service it has ren-· we do have a burden that is too much marks in the RECORD. dered to this House. Then after the for one subcommittee. It is my hope The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? Dies committee made its report and and belief, however, and t think it is There was no objection. after we acted on that report in Com­ the hope and belief of other members Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairm.an, the mittee of the Whole, then when we of the committee, that very shortly we gentleman from New Mexico [Mr. AN­ went into the House we reversed our­ sha:U. reach a formula whereby these DERSON] said these gentlemen ought to selves for what was charged was a po­ cases will fall into certain categories. have a fair trial. That is all right. litical reason and expressed our lack of· We shall find, for example, that mem­ Everyone should have a fair trial when confidence in the Dies committee, our bership in the Friends of the Soviet accused of an offense. I wonder if he own committee, by putting up another Union either does or does not constitute would try to get a fair trial for those so­ committee to review the work of the Dies a situation that requires a man to be called conspirators who were arrested a committee. removed from the pay roll. Once we year ago, accused of sedition. They have I venture to suggest that when this have come to that conclusion, then we been indicted twice or three times-it committee gets ready to report, and they can move rather rapidly, I believe. is hard to keep track of how many times. suggest that these gentlemen have not· The CHAIRMAN. The time of the He might try to do something about that, had a fair trial, Mr. Pickens has not had gentleman from New Mexico has ex­ because they are not on the pay roll of a fair trial, someone will suggest that pired. the Government. These men named by this subcommittee should have its opin­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Chairman, I the Dies committee were or are. What ion reviewed by the Committee on the move to strike out the last two words, is the charge made against these men? Judiciary and we let Mr. RAMSPECK's and I do it for the purpose of making the Gentlemen of the committee said that civil service committee try him. . Then. observation that I am very hopeful that no charge bad as yet been made against if they condemn him we will turn him we shall be able to take a recess a week them. I thought the cha.i'ge was that over to the Labor Committee. and there· from next Saturday, but that hope is go­ we did not want them on the pay roll any it will lie buried until the end of time. ing aglimmering. more. I did not know that they had Now, if we are men capable of trans­ Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. been accused of any criminal offense. acting business for our people. after we Chairman, will the gentleman yield? This Congress did fire in preceding have learned, as we have learned from Mr. McCORMACK. I yield to the sessions 4 white men who were on the report of the Dies committee. that gentleman from Massachusetts. the Federal pay roll. They were dis­ , these men or this one particular man Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Does charged because we did not like the does not believe in our form of govern­ that include action on the tax bill before things they said; because we did not like ment, that he is a member of an organ-· we recess? the things they wrote. We did not like ization, as he admits he has been~ V7hich Mr. McCORMACK. I hope so, but I their views nor what they appeared to believes in the overthrow of our Govern­ cannot guarantee it. be trying to do. We did not want them ment, which the Attorney General­ Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. I sin­ any more. We did not want to pay them. think of it, the Attorney General even­ cerely hope so. I think it should be So we stopped their pay and they re­ has gran ted is an enemy of our Govern­ done. signed. Then along came this other ment, then why do we not go along with Mr. McCORMACK. I agree with the group. Among the other group~ the last the Dies committee and get rid of this gentleman. group, was one who was on the pay roll man, or why do we not just get rid of· I was hopeful that we would be able to of the Government, of a department, the Dies committee? Let us act like dispose of this bill today and get through which would receive an appropriation employers in private industry would act. with at least the general debate on the from the bill we were discussing at that When we know that this man is a man legislative appropriation bill. I know . time. That was Mr. Pickens. What that we do not want let us discharge him. how practically every Member, if not happened? It was admitted on the not because he is a colored man but be­ every Member, is looking forward to a :floor. and you cannot dispute the proof, cause we do not want men who belong recess, that I should like to have start that he was a member of at least 3 or 4 to subversive organizations. The great­ a week from next Saturday. I hope my or perhaps 10 or 20 Communist organi-· est service we can do to the Negro race. observation will not be misunderstood, zations. A majority of the House de­ to the white race, will be when we find a. but I call to the attention of the Mem­ cided at that time that they just did not man of either race on the Federal pay bers that there must be cooperation if want on the pay roll a man who was a. roll who does not believe in our form of we are to recess starting a week from member of a Communist organization. government will be to get rid of him. I next Saturday. If he did not know that at least 1 of say again we are not trying him for suck­ Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, in def­ a dozen organizations to which he be­ ing eggs or for stealing chickens or steal­ erence to the suggestion of the majority longed was Communist, then he is too ing sheep. We just decided once, and the· leader, I should like to see if we ca11not dumb to be on the Federal pay roll. If Dies committee did also, that we did not make some arrangement to limit the he did know it then he ought to be off want him because of his associations and time of debate on this subject. I ask that pay roll. To see that he was not on because of his beliefs and the things he unanimous consent that all debate on was our privilege, was it not? So we advocated. Do we have to keep on pay­ the subject of this special committee kicked him off in the Committee. We ing him? Confidence in our Govern-· close in 15 minutes. kicked him off because he was Red; had ment is not strengthened by our failure Mr. HOFFMAN. Reserving the right Red views. Then the politicians dis­ to get those who belong to subversive to object, Mr. Chairman, do I get 5 min­ covered that he was black. That he was groups off the Federal pay roll. · utes of that time? a Negro. He was a colored· man. So Mr. RABAUT. Yes; three gentlemen the House, when a roll call vote came on, Mr. COOLEY. Will the gentleman rose. put him back. It was urged that by so yield? Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Chairman, a doing, those who voted to keep him on The CHAIRMAN. The time of the parliamentary inquiry. would get the Negro vote, so-called. gentleman from Michigan has expired. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will Some fellow outsider said to me right. The gentleman from North Carolina. state it. afterward, "You kicked him off because [Mr. FOLGER] is recognized. Mr. HOFFMAN. The gentleman sub­ be was Red. You put him back because Mr. FOLGER. Mr. Chairman. I trust :nitting the request said 1 would get 5 . he was black. What color does that that the fact that I have continuously 3072 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 opposed continuation of the · Dies com­ · Mr. STEFAN. The gentleman is mal{­ sentatives to pay their share on account mittee and continue to oppose it will be ing a fine statement on the question of of celebrations of different kinds. But forgotten in the observations I have to subversive activities. If the gentleman there can be no excuse or sense in using make with respect to this controversy or will take the hearings in connection with American taxpayers' money to buy cham­ debate that has arisen, and which I think this bili, the hearings on the appropria­ pagne, liquor, or other such stuff in order has taken a turn that the gentleman tion bill for the Department of Justice, to show a friendly feeling toward the offi­ from Illinois [Mr. DIRKSEN] no doubt did there are three or four pages of testimony cials of the countries where our repre­ not apprehend. by the Attorney General who also is con­ sentatives are located. It appears now that there is a disposi­ siderably worried about the word "sub­ If we have any extra money to spend tion on the part of some to tell this sub­ versive." He tells us that Congress has for things of that kind we had better committee, composed of excellent men not yet told him what subversive is, and spend it on the poor people of those both as to ability and· as to character, he apparently is up against the same countries rather than for extravagances how they shall conduct the affairs of proposition that the committee is. I sug­ of this kind. I think a deeper cut that investigation in each particular in­ gest that the gentleman read the hear­ should be made, but I am suggesting stance. I trust the gentlemen will par­ ings. $150,000 in place of $210,000, putting it don me when I make the observation Mr. FOLGER. I may say to the gen­ back -to at least where it was last year. that regardless of what was the vote of tleman in that respect that I have the As far as that is concerned I do not any one of those gentlemen on the prop­ fullest confidence in the ability of this know to what foreign representation this osition of continuing the Dies commit­ committee to understand what the dele­ goes anyway. I think a great deal of tee, it will make no difference in their gation of power is to them and to per­ it probably goes down to South America honesty and integrity and purpose in form their duty with honesty as men and where, of course, we are putting on a lot performing the duties assigned to them American citizens. of entertainment; but if you have got to by the action of this House. I would Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, will the buy their friendship by throwing cock­ not know where to find more patriotic, gentleman yield further? tail parties and things of that kind then worthy, and dependable men than to go Mr. FOLGER. I yield. we are getting off to a rather poor start. to this subcommittee in the person of Mr. STEFAN. I purposely marked The thing to do is at least to cut it down the gentleman from North Carolina, my pages 20, 21, and 22 for the information to $150,000 and you will still have ·more own State [Mr. KERhl, in the person of of the committee and also for the in­ than enough money for entertainment the gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. formation of the gentleman from Texas than is necessary. There is no sense in GoRE], in the person of the gentleman [Mr. DIES]. increasing this expenditure year after from Minnesota [Mr. ANDERSEN], in the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the year. This thing started with $50,000 person of the gentleman from Wiscon­ gentleman from North Carolina has ex­ not long ago; then we put it up to $100,- sin fMr. KEEFE], and in the person of the pired; all time has expired. 000, then to $150,000, and then in the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Pow­ The Clerk will read. deficiency of a few weeks ago, a request ERS]. I could not find more reliable men, The Clerk read as follows: waa made for $50,000 additional for this men of greater integrity and purpose Representation allowances, Foreign Service: purpose. Now the committee come in for than I would find there, in my humble For representation allowances as authotized a further sum of $210,000 described as judgment. by the act approved February 23, 1931 (22 an item for "representation." Mr. Chairman, I do not think gentle­ u. s. c. 12)' $210,000. Of course, the. bill does not say what men mean that when charges are filed the money is to be used for; just calls Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Chairman, it ''representation'' to be used by our rep­ against a man by anybody, even by a I offer an amendment. grand jury of 18 men in your own county, resentatives abroad. The report · filed or a majority of them, that. must be ac­ The Clerk read as follows: with this bill does not give any details Amendment offered by Mr. REEs of Kansas: . about this item. cepted as guilt on the part of the person On page 9, line 17, strike out "$210,000" and charged. We have never had such a insert "$150,000." The hearings, I will admit, are vague. system of justice as that since this Gov­ On page 117 of the hearings the gentle­ ernment was founded, and I pray God Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Chairman, man from Nebraska [Mr. STEFAN] called that we may never have it. In any this amendment applies to an item of attention to the use of this money for forum, as to any charge that is made, $210,000 for so-called representation al­ entertainment, including food and bev­ the man who is charged will have a right lowances and would reduce it $60,000. erages. The witness, Mr. Davis, was to be heard and have his day in court. I called attention to a similar item in a asked if he knew what the money had It is not a little thing for this Congress deficiency bill considered by the House ·been spent for, and whether he could to find by solemn vote that a man who a few weeks ago. The Chair sustained a give a. break-down as to the use of the is an American citizen, whatever you point of order I made against the item­ money. You will not find it in the rec­ may say about his amliations, is un­ that I made against a paragraph that ord of the hearings. The break-down of worthy to hold a position of trust or contained the item. That particular the use of that $150,000 just is not in the honor in the United States of America, item was· for $50,000 in addition to an record. There is a general statement in and I pray that time never will come. appropriation of $150,000 that had al­ the hearings entitled "Purposes of Al­ Mr. WRIGHT. Will the gentleman ready been allowed. That was for 1943 lowances" taken from certain regula­ yield? and was for so-called representation al­ tions, but nothing about the items that Mr. FOLGER. I yield. lowances. You are asking in this bill for go to make up the $150,000 already spent Mr. WRIGHT. As I understand from $210,000 under a further item for rep­ this last year. the gentleman's remarks and also from resentation. All I am asking this House to do is to his past conduct in the House, he is very I want to direct your attention to the reduce the item by $60,000 and not make desirous of seeing that every person, no fact that our Government pays all of it more than it was last year. matter of what he is suspected, shall ob­ the expenses of these foreign representa­ Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will the tain a fair trial, and I am quite certain tives, gives them all funds that are re­ gentleman yield? also that the gentleman would be quired for all living expenses, including Mr. REES of Kansas. I shall be glad heartily in favor of kicking off the public rent, heat, travel, and all other items. to yield for a question; yes. pay roll any person who he was con­ And let me remind you they are pretty Mr. RABAUT. I do not doubt the gen­ vinced was a Communist or who had suJ:>­ high. In addition thereto, you insist on tleman's sincerity, but I should like to versive intents? a liberal further expenditure for what know what evidence the gentleman has Mr. FOLGER. Subversive from any you describe as entertainment. It is just that the money has been spent for liquor point of view. Of course, I am particu­ an additional extravagance that we in­ and so forth. I do not want our money larly interested in the Nazi and Japanese dulge in to allow our representatives and spent for those things any more than situation now, but subversive from any auxiliaries to put on various kinds of the gentleman does, but I would like to point of view. parties, dinners, and that so.rt of thing. know what evidence the gentleman has Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, will the I assume that, under the policy that is of it. gentleman yield? being followed, there must be a certain Mr. REES of Kansas. All right. If Mr. FOLGER. I yield. amount of expense required by our repre- the gentleman will read the hearings on 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3073 the deficiency appropriation bill' that Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, the except that it comes in under the broad, passed this House just a short time ago gentleman from Kansas brings up the general term of "entertainment"? he will find the use of funds for use of question about representation allow­ Mr. RABAUT. It comes in under the beverages, and so forth. If beverages, ances. I would ask the House to realize broad, general term of "entertainment." as used there, does not include liquor, I the tremendous increase in the cost of Mr. HOFFMAN. That is all the gen .. do not know what else ·it means. food today and of all sorts of entertain­ tleman knows about it? Now I call attention to the hearings ment which enters into a general ex­ Mr. RABAUT. We have our own on the present bill on page 117, where the pense account under present conditions. people traveling all over the world.today, gentleman calls attention to the fact that There was an allowance for this purpose and when visitors arrive there are ex­ this money is used for entertainment and last year of $150,000. There was an ad­ penses involved. for food and beverages. The term ditional allowance under a supplemental Mr. HOFFMAN. I know about that. "liquor" was used when we discussed that bill of $35,000 for a 3-month period which I go around once in a while myself. item of $50,000 a few weeks ago. I on a yearly basis would have made the Mr. RABAUT. If you will look on think the committee itself would prac­ amount for this particular item $270,- page 117, there is a whole set-up showing tically admit that at least part of this 000. The committee allowed the sum of the purpose of the allowance. money goes for champagne and other $210,000. Mr. Chairman, I ask for a vote on the liquor. I really thought the chairman • The State Department is in competi­ ·pending amendment. of the committee believed that to be a tion with all the Axis Powers all over The CHAIRMAN. The question is on fact. the world wherever there is competition the amendment offered by the gentleman Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will in matters of this kind. If it is the con­ from Kansas [Mr. REES]. the gentleman yield? sensus of opinion of this House that - The amendment was rejected. Mr. REES of Kansas. I yield. such competition should be reduced and The Clerk read as follows: Mr. RABAUT. . What particular lan­ that the United States should be put in Foreign Service, auxiliary (emergency): guage is the gentleman referring to? the disadvantageous corner, that is all For all necessary expenses to enable the De­ Mr. REES of Kansas. To statements right with the committee, but personally partment of State during the fiscal year 1944 made by the gentleman from Nebraska I would not approve such action. to continue to perform functions or activi­ on page 115. I will ask the gentleman Mr. REES of Kansas. Will the gentle­ ties in connection with the Auxiliary Foreign from Nebraska if that question was not Service for the performance of which, during man yield? the fiscal years 1941 and 194':, the Depart­ asked? Mr. RABAUT. I yield to the gentle­ ment of State received allocations of funds Mr. STEFAN. It is on page 115. What man from Kansas. from the appropriation "Emergency fund for was the question? Mr. REES of Kansas. The gentleman the President" contained · in the Military Mr. REES of Kansas. I ask if it is not speaks about the high cost of food. Of Appropriation Act, 1941, including the ob­ a fact that the gentleman asked if it was course, this does not include the food jects for which and subject to the conditions not for entertainment and part was for supply for our representatives abroad. under which such allocations were provided beverage, and it was not denied? or expended during the fiscal years 1941 and This is for the purpose of putting on 1942, $2,500,000: Provided, That cost-of-living Mr. STEFAN. Of course, there is no these parties. and representation allowances, as authorized question but what a representation al­ Mr. RABAUT. This is an entertain.. by the act approved February 23, 1931, as lowance is an entertainment allowance. ment program and it bas to compete with amended, may be paid from this appropria­ Mr. REES of Kansas. And does it the· entertainment program that is put tion to American citizens employed here­ not include champagne and different on by the opposition. I do not want to under. kinds of liquor? have our Department of State pushed Mr. JONES. Mr. Chairman, I move to Mr. STEFAN. I used the general aside and have the others lorci it over our strike out the last word. statement that it included food and bev­ State Department. I think we ought to Mr. Chairman, I simply wish to make erages. I agree with the gentleman that be broad enough to see the situation as an observation at this point. The per­ they should not give too many cocktail it is, in view of the conditions that exist sonnel appearing on pages 178 to 190 parties, and I was averse to using too in the world today. inclusive are paid their salaries and ex­ much money for that and insisted on Mr. REES of Kansas. My contention penses in this item of the bi~. They cutting it down. I think it is still a little is that you do not help this thing by are called economic analysts. high. throwing away and spending money for I invite your attention to the ages of Mr. REES of Kansas. Does not the champagne. many of these young men. On page 178 gentleman think that beverages here Mr. RABAUT. There is a very light there is a man aged 28, named Alexander would include champagne and other way you can talk about every subject. It Schnee. I do not know the gentleman liquor? can be dealt with in such manner as and have heard nothing derogatory Mr. Chairman, let me say again that to make it look ridiculous. But, on the about him. He may be a fine young boy. in my humble judgment that, rather other hand. you have to take the facts But it seems to me that these persons than turn over an additional quarter and conditions as they are. We have have extraordinary power and authority million dollars of the American taxpay­ something to :fight about today and we to recommend distribution of our toil ers' money to our representatives to en­ are using every weapon at our command. and sweat among the countries of the tertain the dignitaries of foreign lands, Mr. HOFFMAN. Will the gentleman world. it would be a whole lot wiser and better yield? I point this out in the hope that the and sensible to use it to buy food for Mr. RABAUT. I yield to the gentle­ Congress of the United States will have the starving men, women, and children man from Michigan. a care and preserve for itself the control of those countries. It would create a Mr. HOFFMAN. Is there any place of the ·purse strings of the Nation so whole lot more friendly feeling and un­ that a Member of the House could learn that we, rather than employees of this derstanding than to use it for extrava­ what this entertainment consists of and caliber, will decide what shall be spent gant cocktail parties and things of that what it costs? in foreign countries, how much, and sort. Mr. RABAUT. Well, the hearings what for. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the have some information. These economic analysts on these gentleman has expired. Mr. HOFFMAN. I know about the pages are just a few of the economic Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I rise hearings. I mean to get at the facts and analysts of the State Department. If in opposition to the amendment offered know what the money is spent for. you will refer to the First Deficiency Ap­ by the ger..tleman from Kansas. Mr. RABAUT. We did not ask what propriation bill for 1943, you will find a Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con­ size the meals were or what the enter­ like list, covering probably a larger num­ sent that all debate on the pending tainment consisted of. We thought, as ber. If you will refer to the pay roll of amt:ndment close in 5 minutes. figures go, that the allowances we made the Lend-Lease Administration and the The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection were such that we were very careful Board of Economic Warfare, you will to the request of the gentleman from about the matter. find employees of similar class and Michigan [Mr. RABAUT]? Mr. HOFFMAN. ·The gentleman does grade. I think this is a subject the Con­ There was no objection. not know what the money was spent for gress of the United States might well go 3074 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 into. These economic analysts are mak­ Secretary of State may prescribe, tuition, Mr ~ CARTER. Mr. Chairman, this ing the recommendations for our move­ compensation, monthly allowances and en­ amendment reduces by the sum of rollment, laboratory, insurance, and other ments in world affairs. When Congress fees incident to training, including traveling $1,500,000 the funds carried in this bill blindly follows Budget requests we may expenses in the Unitert States and abroad for cooperation with the American re­ sometimes be following the voices of in­ in accordance with the Standardized Gov­ publics. The committee had consider­ experience, I'm afraid. ernment Travel Regulations and the act of able discussion on this particular item. Mr. KERR. Mr. Chairman, will the June 3, 1926, as amended, of educational, It was reduced somewhat below the gentleman yield? professional, and artistic leaders, and pro­ amount allowed by the Budget. The Mr. JONES. I yield to the gentleman fessors, students, internes, and persons pos­ chairman of the subcommittee and his from North Carolina. sessing special scientific or other technical colleagues on the majority side felt that qualifications, who are citizens of the United Mr. KERR. The gentleman must con­ States or the other American republics, and they could not vote to reduce it below fess that the background of these gen­ the expenses of transportation and sub­ $4,500,000. I most thoroughly and sin­ tlemen is superb. There are a number sistence of employees, including the cost of cerely disagree with them. I think of educated American businessmen who transportation of their immediate families without hindering the war effort, with­ are going throughout all the world now and household goods and effects in going out hindering the program that should negotiating business and inquiring about to and returning from posts of assignment be carried on down there at the present business, and doing business for the in foreign countries, and living quarters al­ time, it would be ample if we gave them lowances, including heat, fuel, and light, tn the sum of $3,000,000. Government in this time of war. The accordance with the provisions of the act of gentleman will agree with me that this June 26, 1930 (5 U. S. C. 118a): Provided, Last year they had for this same pur­ is a temporary set-up. It has had the That the Secretary of State is authorized pose $1,685,000. When we increase that approval of such men as Hull, WelleS; under such regulations ~ he may adopt, to to $3,000,000 we are making a very sub­ Shaw, and Long. There is no finer corps pay the actual transportation expenses and stantial increase. of men in this Government than these not to exceed $10 per diem in lieu of sub­ I call your attention to some of the gentlemen, and no men who are more sistence and other expenses, of citizens of the things the State Department say they interested in the welfare of this Gov­ other American republics while traveling in are going to do with this money. I am the Western Hemisphere, without regard to ernment than these fine officials whose the Standardiz.ed Government Travel Regula­ quite in accord with some of the things names I have just given. tions, and to make advances of funds not­ they are going to do. I will admit that Mr. JONES. I thank the gentleman withstanding section 3648 of the Revised the $12,111,000 that will be spent by the for his contribution, but I do not believe Statutes; traveling expenses of members of Civil Aeronautics Administration for the there is any substitute for experience. advisory committees in accordance with sec­ training of pilots in South America has There is no substitute for age. The tion 2 of said act of August 9, 1939 (22 U. S. a direct bearing on our war effort. university of hard kr..ocks, with its colors C. 249a); purchase (not to exceed $10,950), There are ample funds in this bill; after of black and blue, are the best creden­ hire, maintenance, operation, and repair of motor-propelled and animal-drawn passen­ adopting the amendment I propose to tials. I am convinced the billions of ger-carrying vehicles; purchase of books and have that program and the other neces­ dollars that will be wrested from the periodicals; rental of halls and boats; and sary programs carried on. But I am taxpayers of this country should not be purchase, rental, and repair of microfilming unwilling to vote away the money of the disposed of throughout the world on the equipment and supplies, and colored photo­ taxpayers for a number of things the recommendation, for instance, of Mr. graphic enlargements, $4,500,000; and the State Department have listed as their Donald P. Downs, age 23, and three oth­ Secretary of State is hereby authorized, in program for the coming year. ers from 21 to 25 years of age, his discretion, to make contracts with, and Here is one: It grants of money or property to, governmental seems to me the Congress of the and public or privat:J nonprofit institutions Intern training in soil conservation. United States is going to have to assume and facilities in the United States and the its full responsibility and reserve for it­ other American republics, including the free . It may be very desirab!e for us to help self the decisions as to ·where and when distribution, donation, or loan of publica­ the South American people and go down money is to be spent, rather than grant tions, phonograph records, radio transcrip­ there and indulge in some of these activ­ the power to corporations or special tions, art works, motion-picture films, educa­ ities in ordinary times when this country agencies with blank checks to do the tional material, and such other material and is not battling for its very-life and exist­ job. equipment as the Secretary may deem nec­ ence and when the taxpayers are not essary and appropriate, and such other gra­ carrying a heavy burden. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the tuitous assistance as the Secretary deems ad­ gentleman from Ohio has expired. visable in the fields of the arts and sciences, Here is another one: The Clerk read as follows: education and travel, publications, the radio, Intern training in map and chart repro­ COOPERATION WITH THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS the press, and the cinema; all without regard duction. Intern training in hydrographic to the provisions of section 3709 of the Re­ surveying and assignment of experts. In­ Salaries and expenses: For all expenses nec­ vised Statutes; and, subject to the approval . tern training in the field of radio communi­ essary to enable the Secretary of State to of the President, to transfer from this ap­ cation. meet the obligations c:: the United States propriation to other departments, agencies, under the Convention for the ·Promotion of and independent establishments of the Gov­ I think it would be very lovely for us to lnter-Americau Cultural Relations between ernment for expenditure in the United States make the South American people more the United States and the other American and in the other American republics any part proficient over the radio, but I do not republics, signed at Buenos Aires, December of this amount for direct expenditure by believe that is something on which we 23, 1936, and to carry out the purposes of such department or independent establish­ ought to spend the money that is needed the Act entitled "An · Act to authorize the .ment for the purposes of this appropriation President to render closer and more effective so badly for war purposes at the present and any such expenditures may be made time. the relationship between the American re­ under the specific authority herein contained publics," approved August 9, 1939, and to or under the authority governing the activ­ There is a long list of these activities. supplement appropriations available for car­ ities of the dP.partment, agency, or inde­ Here is another one: rying out other provisions of law authorizing pendent establishment to which amounts are related activities, including the establish­ - Fishery exploratory projects; fellowships transferred: Provided further, That any in fishery science--- ment and operation of agricultural and other funds herein appropriated which may be experiment and demonstration stations in transferred to the Federal Security Agency Wholly unnecessary at the present other American countries, on land acquired for the Public Health Service shall be avail­ time. by gift or lease for the duration of the ex­ able for the salaries and expenses of not periments and demonstrations, and con­ to exceed two additional regular active com­ Assignment of representatives to American struction of necessary buildings thereon; missioned officers: Provided further, That republics. such expenses to include personal services not to exceed $100,000 of .this appropriation And listen to this-the gentleman in the District of Columbia; not to exceed shall be available until June 30, 1945. $125,000 for printing and binding; steno­ from Louisiana [Mr. MORRISON] yester­ graphic reporting, translating and other serv­ Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, I offer day in the course of his remarks told you ices by contract, without regard to section an amendment. about some man we were bringing up 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U. S. C. 5); here to give piano lessons. Here is one expenses of attendance at meetings or con­ The Clerk read as follows: ventions of s0cieties and aisociations con­ Amendment offered by Mr. CARTER: On that has a bearing on that: cerned with the furtherance of the purposes page 29, line 13, strike out "$4,500,000" and Service of collections and preparations of hereof; and, under ..mch regulations as the insert in lieu thereo:f "$3,000,000." bibliographies of Latin-American music. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3075 Now, we might not object to that in By the little work we have done down paperman "we have been able to maintain ordinary times with a treasury full of there we have been able to have 8 or 10 neutrality with Chile and Argentina. We are going to win the .var because it is not one of money, but certainly in wartime, with of those nations declare themselves at force against force but of spirit against .spirit, a treasury depleted, it is a program that war against the Axis nations. I cannot In which realm the Japanese are superior." we should not think of entering into at conceive of spending money to better The Japanese are also carrying on an active all. · advantage than that.proposed to be spent cultural relations program in far eastern Here is another item that was referred here, namely, in teaching those people areas. It is reported that the Japane:oe Gov­ to last year: down there something of our institutions ernment has made available to the military Preparation of handbooks of South Amer­ and something of our Government, and administration 150,000,000 yen (approximate­ ican Indians. learning ourselves something about ly $35,000,000) for a cultural educational pro­ theirs. gram. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the The British Government In 1934 estab­ Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Will the gentle­ lished the British council, whose budget is gentleman from Califor~ia has ex?ire~. man yield? Mt. several million dollars a year. The British Mr. KERR. Chan·man, I nse m Mr. KERR. I yield. Council in spite of the war continues to opposition to the amendment. Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Will the gen­ award fellowships to Brazilian, Argentine, Mr. Chairman, I always regret to take tleman tell us what the Rockefeller com­ and other students for study in England. issue with my distinguished friend from mittee does? I understood it had a duty British cultt.u-al institutes are maintained in California [Mr. CARTER J, who has just somewhat similar. the important cities of South America. . addressed the Committee. It is always Mr. KERR. The Rockefeller commit­ It should be clearly understoo1 that pleasant to cooperate with him, and I · tee has a duty similar to this, but that has this activity has for its purpose the es­ feel a sense of satisfaction when he and been practicallY transferred to this or­ tablishment of Western Hemisphere soli­ I can agree about matters. But I cannot ganization, and that is one of the rea­ darity and to preserve peace in the world. agree with the gentleman in his propo­ sons why the Bureau of the Budget un­ Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Chairman, sition to reduce this appropriation 100 dertook to increase the appropriation so will the gentleman yield? percent. Those representatives of the much this year. Mr. KERR. I yield. Department of State came before our Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Could the gen­ Mr. REES of Kansas. Going back to committee and discussed this matter tleman refer me to the pages in the testi­ this Rockefeller activity, did I under­ with us with great ·care and at great mony where that transfer is described? stand the gentleman to say that this ac­ length. They also agreed fully with the Mr. KERR. I do not have that before Bureau of the Budget. The Bureau of tivity is not being carried on any more? me, but what I have stated is the fact. Mr. KERR. The gentleman did not; I the Budget approved, for this matter, This activity has largely taken over the $6,000,000. · I assume they raised the ap­ hope he did not. I said that a large por­ activities of the Rockefeller committee. tion of that activity had been trans­ propriation for the fiscal year 1944 be­ The CHAffiMAN. The time of the cause they felt that this agency was more ferred to this activity. gentleman from North Carolina has ex­ Mr. REES of Kansas. And included important in this wartime than it was pired. before. I am convinced that that as­ in this appropriation. Mr. KERR. Mr. Chairman, I ask Mr. KER::l. And I think the reason sumption is right today. We will have unanimous consent to proceed for 5 addi­ to admit that the people of this Nation that the Budget recommends the sum tional minutes. of $6,000,000 is in order to take care of have sadly neglected their Western The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? Hemisphere neighbors for a long num­ that part of the Rockefeller work that There was no objection. was being transferred. ber of years. We have not sought that Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Chairman, relationship with them which would Mr. REES of Kansas. Can the gentle­ will the gentleman yield? man tell us how much we are also going make them extremely fond of us. We Mr. KERR. I yield. were so busy here that we had other to spend for the Rockefeller ~ark? Mr. EBERHARTER. I was wondering Mr. KERR. No; I cannot, because things to do and other business to at­ whether the committee was furnished tend to, and we allowed the European that does not come directly under our any information at all with respect to consideration. In conclusion, let me nations to go to the South American how much money the Axis Powers might Republics and make friends with those make this observation: As human be­ be spending in the South American coun­ ings, as men of intelligence, we know people and get their trace and establish tries in order to maintain good will cultural relations with them. Every one very well that in order to have a good among our South American neighbors? neighbor we must cultivate our neigh­ of those great European activities has Mr. KERR. I am glad to tell you. spent large sums of money in the last 20 bor. Two men or two families can live You anticipated what I had in mind when on opposite sides of the same street, and years-many times the amount proposed I asked to have my time extended. in this appropriation-in order that they if they fail to cultivate each other they These are the recorded facts given us finally come to hate · each other. It is should stimulate friendship and fellow­ by the Department of State itself: ship that would give them advantage and characteristic of human life; it is char­ get business from our neighboring re- The French, soon after the Franco-Prus­ acteristic of national life. For 200 years sian war, began to extend their culture we have neglected to cultivate these peo­ publics. · abroad through the Alliance Francais. For that reason the European people French schools in foreign countries have had ple, and this is the first program t have been dcing principal business with great appeal. French influence ha::; been par­ has ever been inaugurated looking a­ South America for a long number of ticularly strong over thought and education ward that end. years. Now, when these war eventuali­ in the other American republics. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the ties came about, we realized what we had The German program in the other Ameri­ gentleman from North Carolina has ex­ sadly neglected to do. This is a tempo­ can republics has been acquiring cumulative pired. rary measure. We propose now to go force over two or three decades. It is estimated Mr. MORRISON of Louisiana and Mr. that since 1933 the Germans have expended STEFAN rose. - down and cultivate those people and $6,000,000 on schools alone. They have uE.ed make friends with them and tell them to great advantage the large German colo:r::nes The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recog­ of our resources and our availability to in Brazil, Chile, Guatemala, and Argentina. nizes the gentleman froJ,n Nebraska, a do their business and to thank them for They have built up respect for German sci­ member of the committee. what they are doing for us now in these ence and scholarship, have promoted the use Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, there wartimes. of their textbooks in universities and have is no man in the House for whom I have I call your attention to a clipping stimulated the study of the German language. greater respect than the gentleman from In the other American republics there are North Carolina [Mr. KERR], who just which I have recently cut out of a 67 centers of Italian culture with such names paper headed "Rio de Janeiro":. preceded me in opposition to the amend­ as Casa Italiana, Instituto di Alta Cultura, or ment offered by my colleague from Cali­ Brazilian troops were declared yesterday to Societa Dante Alighier~. In 1941 the Italians be prepared to .fight the Nazis on foreign soil. were reported spending approximately $4,000,- fornia [Mr. CARTER]. This is not a A high source made the announcement that 000 a year on their cultural program. proposition to defeat the program of cul­ two Brazilian military missions already are in Last summer the Japanese Government in­ tural relations or cooperation with the North Africa, according to General Eisen­ vited two Chilean newspapermen to visit South American republics. It is a mat­ hower. Japan. Premier Tojo told one Chilean news- ter of endeavoring to save money and use 3076 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 a little common sense. The total amount Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, as I DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE in this bill for the Department of State is stated, wheh this bill came to us with the Development of vital statistics in the over $33,000,000. We feel it is our duty various things they wanted in South Americas. in these times of stress to recommend America, even the distinguished chair­ Civilian pilot training. wherever possible a saving of money. man of our subcommittee was so con­ Tidal investigations. The appropriation for this one item has fused that he said: Magnetic observations. jumped from a little over a million dollars We better send this back to the State De­ Seismological observations. to over four and a half millions. partment and have them tell us what this Geodetic surveys and intern training. From what has been said by my dis­ is all about. We better tell them to give us Intern training in map and chart re- tinguished colleague you may have se­ a first priority on the things which they con­ production. cured the impression that the Rocke­ sider most important. Printing of hydrographic manual. feller organiz-ation is idle. Last year This came at a time when I had word Intern training in hydrographic sur­ they had $18,000,000 for the purpose dis­ from my Indian reservations in the dis­ veying and assignment of experts. cussed. They have transferred only a trict I represent that they wanted more Publication of Span~sh Edition of Ma­ little of their work to the State De­ police protection, and some more assist­ nual of Tide Observations. partment. ance. When thP. information came back Gravity surveys. The minority members of your sub­ from the State Department they put on Intern training in foreign trade statis- committee believe in doing everything we as the first priority a handbook for the tics. · possibly can in bringing closer together South American Indians. For years and Maintenance and operation of radio­ the people of the entire Western Hemi­ years the Indians of our country have sonde stations in Mexico. sphere. We are trying to do that. We been begging us for a handbook on Intern training in meteorological do not believe we will cripple the pro­ American Indians. Our committee in science. gram if some items are eliminated. othe,. bills always was opposed to a hand­ Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will book on South American I:1dians· until FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION the gentleman yjeld? we were a little better off financially. Intern training in the field of radio Mr. STEFAN. I yield. Another item that came back as one communications. Mr. RABAUT. I know my colleague of high priority, an item which your FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY wants to be fair about this. committee has thrown out of the bill Exchange of fellows and professors. Mr. STEFAN. Certainly I do. before the war, called fo:; the stocking Mr. RABAUT. Of the increase I Assistance in connection with teacher­ of waters in South America with fish. exchange and travel-grant program. would beg my colleague to remember People in my own district have been that there are two items of the same Intern training for school teachers. asking us for a few minnows to stock _ Studies of Latin-American education size-one is for $1 ,211,000, the other is the streams of Nebraska. We thought for $1,294,000. Most of the $1,294,009 and evaluation of credentials. we ought to look after our own fishing Exchange of materials on education. is for the Coordinator's office and the before we launched on such a program $1,211,000 is for the civilian pilot train­ Promotion of pan-American clubs. in foreign countries. Promotion of language teaching. ing program. There is a total of $2,505,- Then there was another one involving 000. Assignment of medical and scientific Mr. STEFAN. The Coordinator spent information about labor conditions, a personnel. approximately $18,000,000 last year and labor program for South America. An­ Public health fellowships, I have no information that he is not other had to do with the delinquency of DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR children down there. going to have sufficient funds this year. Fishery mission to Mexico. We believe in continuing the weather There are many things here that are good, but some do not make common Fishery exploratory projects. information service, the Coast and Geo­ Fish-stocking projects. detic survey, the aviation, the comple­ sense. It will not make the South Amer­ ican or Central American people mad at Fishery survey of the Amazon Basin. mentary crops program, and a lot of Fellowships in fishery science. other things that we know we must have us if we eliminate some of these things. Cooperative investigations of strategic from Central and South America. They will be grateful to us for scrutiniz­ minerals. We also believe we are trying to con­ ing the items which they themselves Assignment of technical advisers in the tinue a program of better friendship and probably would not approve. field of minerals. better understanding, but there are some The program of cooperation with the Materials relating to national parks things that go beyond our comprehen­ American republics as reflected in this and monuments. sion. appropriation and its effects on every The CHAIRMAN. The time of the department of our own Government DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE gentleman has· expired. should attract the attention and interest Printing of Our Constitution and Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask of every Member in the House. Government in Spanish and Portuguese. unanimous consent to proceed for 5 Twelve departments of our Govern­ DEPARTMENT OF LABOR e.Q,ditional minutes. ment have been asked to contribute their Protection of childhood. ~' he CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from services in many o:f the countries south Care of dependent and delinquent chil­ Nebraska [Mr. STEFAN]? of the Rio Grande, and requests for funds dren. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Chairman, for each of these departments are in this Maternal and child-health services. reserving the right to object, and I will bill. The far-reaching effects of the pro­ Child welfare consultant service in not, may I call attention to the fact that gram are shown by the original requests agricultural investigations and exten­ that the following departments embark sion stations. I am hopeful we will get through with Internships. the general debate on the legislative ap­ upon the following activities in these for­ eign countries: Intern training in the welfare of em­ propriation bUl today? I am sure that ployed women. the members of the subcommittee will DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Assignment of representatives to other appreciate the situation that confronts Development of complementary prod­ American republics. us. I am very anxious that a week from ucts. Internships. next Saturday we may have that recess. Intern training in the administration Mr. STEFAN. The distinguished Development of rubber production. leader will realize I am trying to coop­ Intern training in agricultural econo­ of laws relating to labor standa.Is. erate with him in every way I possibly mics. Cooperation in connection with labor can, but this is a very important item. Intern training in agricultural chem­ standards. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to istry and engineering. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS the request of the gentleman from Ne­ Intern training in agricultural exten­ Duplication of collections for exchange br q, s~a [Mr. STEFAN]? sion. with institutions in the American repub­ There was no objection. Intern training in soil conservation. lics. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3077 Assistance in the field of library partment because in 1942 the State De­ handbook on the South American In­ science. partment asked for only $700,000, and dians, $10,000; and for distributing Archive of Hispanic culture. that is all it received. What were they periodicals, over $100,000. Preparation and exchange of albums doing while Germany was spending $6,- In conclusion, may I say that'if we do of recordings of American music. 000,000 from 1933 until about 1941, the not have the goodwill of South America Recording folk music in other Ameri­ time of the outbreak of the war? By yet, if we do not have the goodwill of can republics. their own argument they convict them­ Central America, no matter how much Surveys of collections and preparation selves. money we spend on these nonessentials, of bibliographies of Latin-American Today they say they are waking up, whether it is $1,000,000, $5,000,000, $10,- music. but it is like trying to close the barn door 000,000, or $100,000,000, we will never get Guide to the omcial publications of after the mare has gone. It is too late. it at this time. Latin America. No matter how much money you want to The amount was $700,000 in 1942, Law guide and center of Latin-Ameri­ give or to spend on these matters that $1,65u,OOO in 1943, and now for 1944 I can legal studies. have been set forth by the State De­ ~Y $3,000,000 is ample. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION partment, and many of them are ridicu­ You will be doing a favor for your Preparation of a handbook of South lous, you will not build up any goodwill constituents, for those soldier boys up American Indians. that has not already been built up and there in the gallery, for every man in that dqes not already exist. I heard one the armed forces, and for the taxpayers, Cooperation with scientific institu­ distinguished gentleman get up here, tions. and you will be doing your duty if you Cooperation in the field of sQcial an­ the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. support this amendment to cut that ap­ thropology. NICHOLS], and say that a few million propriation to $3,000,000, which is many, dollars such as we have been talking many hundreds of thousands of dollars Mailing the International Exchanges about is chicken feed. Well, it may be too much. to Argentina and Brazil. chicken feed to him, but down there in Conservation of ammal and plant life. The CHAffiMAN. The time of the the district where I come from in Louisi­ gentleman from Louisiana has expired. TARIFF COMMISSION ana four and a half or six million dol­ Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I ask Intern training in the field of tariff lars is a lot of money. That money unanimous consent that all debate on administration, import statistics, and comes out of the pockets of the tax­ this paragraph close in 20 minutes. customs procedures. payers. And may I say right here that The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection Printing and binding. some of these bureaucrats can think up to the request of the gentleman from TREASURY DEPARTMENT ways for spending money faster than the Michigan? Publication and distribution of an In­ taxpayers can rake up the money to pay There was no objection. ter-American Treasury Bulletin. for them with. You talk about chicken feed. Dollars make millions, millions Mr. HARE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in DEPARTMENT OF RTATE opposition to the amendment. make billions, and the taxpayers pay the Translations. whole load. Mr. Chairman, I stated yesterday that Printing and binding. I ran into one Congressman yesterday probably there are scme items in this Preparation of an American boundary who said, after I had finished my talk, bill that on their face would appear to document. "Jimmie, I do not agree with you." I be objectionable. It has been pointed Travel of advisory committees. asked him why and he said, "I do not out that 2 years ago the State Depart­ Travel grants to leaders." believe in sending these men from South ment asked for $900,000 and last year Professorial missions. America to a school ·here in the United $1,000,000. May I 8ay that 3 years ago Travel and maintenance grants to States at the taxpayers' expense, with the State Department did not ask for students. - the exception of one." I asked him, anything 'to be used in South America, Convention for the promotion of inter­ "Who is that?" He said, "The one to nor did it ask for anything 4 years ago. American cultural relations. go to Harvard to study epilepsy and alco­ Up until 3 years ago this country ap­ Training and education of vocational holism." I said, "Why not keep him peared to have no interest in South teachers and leaders. down in South America?" He said, "Oh, America. The only country in which we Art and music exchanges. no; let him go to Harvard and when he appeared to be interested was North Exchanges of books and other cultural finishes there, let him be assigned to the America, until we saw the war clouds materials. State Department." _ gathering on the horizon in Europe and Grants for American cultural insti­ The United States has stopped sending in the Orient in 1940. Then we began tutes, libraries, and schools in the other students down to South America. Why to look around and take stock of our American republics. on the other hand should we pay out ability to face the situation. We looked Mr. MORRISON of Louisiana. Mr. millions of dollars to bring their students into South America and we found that Chairman, I move to strike out the last up here? Japan, Germany, and Italy had become word. Mr. Chairman, we are at war. Cen­ quite favorably identified there simply Mr. Chairman, it looks like I am back tral America and South America are just because they had cultivated cultural and on the red network this afternoon. as much at war as we are. · We should business relations with the people of In support of the amendment offered take 'every available dollar, these mil­ South America. · by the disting,uished gentleman from lions. these so-called chicken-feed items, Then we realized the situation we California, I may start off by saying that as one distinguished gentleman the gen­ would be in if we had to fight a war in 1942 for this same proposition the tleman from Oklahoma [Mr. NICHOLS l and our enemies obtained a foothold in State Department received $700,300. For called them yesterday, and use them to South America. The State Department 1943 the State Department received $1,- win this war. We should use that money suggested we might make a few invest­ 685,000 and for 1944 the State Depart­ for the war effort, and· use none for these ments down there in order to find out ment requests $6,000,000. nonessential things. definitely what was going- on and see if In my statement yesterday I said that As a matter of fact, South America it were possible to cultivate the good will the committee had cut that to $4,500,000. and Central America are getting mil-' of those people and have them take sides The pending amendment seeks to cut it lions and billions of dollars through with us in what was considered to be an down to $3,000,000. Personally, I think other departments and other branches. approaching conflict. That is the rea­ it should be cut further than $3,000,000. How can we ask for money for the Red son the State Department asked for this I heard a lot of emphasis yesterday and Cross, how can we ask our people here money. today put on the fact that Germany in the United States to buy bonds when Personally and selfishly, and let me spent from 1933 until the outbreak of this money is being spent like this in emphasize the word "selfishly," if I the war with the United States the sum the ways it is, for anthropology, $116,000 looked at this from a selfish standpoint of $6,000,000 for education. Well, that i:t South America; for fisheries and fish­ I would certainly not be in favor of some argument alone condemns the State De- hooks the sum of $125,000; to make a of the items carried in the bill. 3078 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 It has been suggested that because we 10 years, when all of these things that Did our State Department agree that are appropriating $33,000,000 for the have culminated in the last few years General De Gaulle should not go to State Department, the items for cultural ­ were developing. What is the attitude north Africa at this time? relations should be eliminated. The of our State Department to the Falange How many political prisoners remain advocate did not take into consideration broadcasts to South America? Has our in jail in north Africa at this time? that this is probably the greatest de­ State Department made any protest to How much food and oil is being partment uf the Government, certainly the Spanish Government on this matter? shipped to Spain each month? one which has functions to perform It will be recalled time and again that Several weeks ago I introduced a reso­ equal to or superior to those of any ex­ the State Department permitted our lution for an investigation of our State ecutive department of the Government. doing business with Japan and Germany. Department appeasers and bureaucrats. Yet you will come in a few minutes to a Mr. HARE. Mr. Chairman, will the Today I want to urge that the resolution provision in this bill carrying an appro­ gentleman yield? be adopted, and quickly. priation of $35,000,000 for one bureau in Mr. BENDER. Yes. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the the Department of Justice, yet soi}e Mr. HARE. While the State Depart­ gentleman from Ohio has expired. The complain because we are appropriating ment was permitting us to do business Chair recognizes the gentleman frem $33,000,000 for the great Stat~.. Depart­ with Japan and with Germany and Italy New York rMr. KENNEDY] for 4 minutes. ment, about $4,000,000 of which Will be and the Governments of those countries Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Chairman, I rise used or spent in South America. the g·entleman will recall that t.he Con­ in opposjtion to the amendment. We Like my friend, the gentleman from gress of the United States by its action have heard arguments put forth here California, I do not agree with some of and some of its laws was doing very little about saving money. I think we are the purposes for which they are to be business with South America. overlooking the main point in this dis­ spent, I do not think some of them will Mr. BENDER. We have had repre­ cussion. We have established a program amount to much. However, I am not sentatives in South America for many that embraces considerable and exten­ prepared to say that my judgment is years; official representatives of our Gov­ sive work. in South America of a vital, better than that of the representatives ernment, and charitable and philan­ far-reaching account. Much opposition of the State Department. They have thropic organizations also represented ha3 been directed to certain items upon asked for this money and said that it will us; as a matter of fact, medical mission­ the basis that they are frivolous items. be well spent and a valuable contribution aries from my <... wn church were in South I do not believe that is so. I do believe to our wax effort. I am, therefore, will­ America carrying on a good work. that it is possible to modify some of the ing to take a chance on it, just as we Frankly, I believe that this amendment items in the bill, but when you establish are taking a chance on a number of is a desirable one. It will save us con­ a program it is important to follow it up. other things in our war program. siderable money. I cannot conceive of Some of these items may not be possible Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, will the our raising this appropriation for an­ of completion during the coming year, gentleman yield? other boondoggle and at the same time but we know that such funds as are not Mr. HARE. I yield to the gentleman having this subcommittee recommend a expended revert to the Treasury. Cer­ from California. decrease of $800.000 in the appropriation tainly the State Department is not going Mr CARTER. The gentleman was for the F. B. I. I do not know whether to seek out ways to use these funds just making a very strong point of how much the gentleman desires to comment on for the amusement of spending the tax­ money Germany and Italy and some that or not, but I think we might well payers' money. I think when we treat other countries had spent in South increase the appropriation for the this matter in a frivolous manner we are America. F. B. I., or leave it as requested by the doing an injustice to the State Depart­ Mr. HARE. No; the gentleman is · Budget and not increase this item, which ment, to ourselves as representatives of mistaken. I did not mention money. seems to me to be out of line with good the people, and we are placing our offi­ Mr. CARTER. The gentleman spoke government. J. Edgar Hoover is doing a cials at a great disadvantage. We all of how much attention they had given magnificent job and should have every know what Germany, Italy, and Japan South America in the past. dime he asks for. have been _doing for years in Latin Amer­ Mr. HARE. Yes; that is correct, and Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will the ica. We recognize the inroads they have the evidence is they spent a lot of money gentleman yield? made there, and we should realize that in their program. Mr. BENDER. Yes. we will have to do twice as much work Mr. CARTER. The State Department Mr. RABAUT. If the gentleman will in order to counteract their insidious has told us how much they spent there. read the report, he will find it explicitly influence. We have been told that our My understanding is that all South stated why we made the reductions. enemies have been down there for 25 American countries except one have There is no question at all with the State years, and not only have they set up broken diplomatic relations and declared Department. It is the manpower situa­ . extensive business interests and schools war against Germany. Does not that tion and the difficulty to fill the job that but they have also intermarried. We demonstrate to the gentleman how fruit­ made that comparative amount in pro­ know when ties, however to our disad­ less it is for us to go down there and portion to the amount of the other vantage; are that close, we are not going spend money to gain their friendship? appropriations. It is on pages 24 and 25. to counteract them merely by spending a Mr. HARE. No; it demonstrates to Mr. BENDER. I thank the gentle­ few million dollars in a hurry, in good me the fruit of the expenditures of the man, but I am not convinced. I am for old get-rich-quick-Wallingford style, by State Department 2 years ago and the giving the F. B. I. the $800,000, and I am saying, "Here is money; we are your fruit of the expenditures of the State De­ for the Carter amendment to decrease partment last year. That is what it the amount of money for the South friends." That is not the point. I think clearly demonstrates to me. I think the American boondoggle. I only have an­ our Latin-American program is based on gentleman had his ideas right, but he other minute or two. Here are a few solid substantial ground. had his words wrong. questions my constituents are asking It is important for us to bring students The CHAIRMAN. The time of the that I wish someone from the State De­ to our universities so that we may have gentleman from South Carolina has ex­ partment would answer: · an exchange of cultures. I am in favor pired. The Chair recognizes the gen­ Has our State Department requested of this program being extended over a tleman from Ohio [Mr. BENDER] for 4 the Spanish Government to withdraw its period of years, and I am convinced it minutes. concentration of troops from the border will take years before we attain our Mr. BENDER. Mr. Chairman, I am of Spanish Morocco? proper place in the sun of South Amer­ very happy to follow the distinguished What is the attitude of the State De­ ica. If we do not fully support the pro­ gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. partment to Eduard Benes? gram of the State Department, and sup­ HARE]. He paid great tribute to the What is the attitude of the State De­ port it now, we will slip back to our State Department. I wonder where the partment to the Polish Government in former unworthy place, and all of the State Department was during the last exile? Specifically, to Sikorsky? scanty progress that we have made will 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3079 be lost. Our failures will be magnified and if necessary we can get oth~r things; Mr. RABAUT. No. This proposition because these folks will regard our pro­ but that is a business proposition. We is brought to the official body of Con­ gram as merely theoretical. I do not have gone into the social phase of this gress. Congress is the representative know why they declared war or did not thing. I am not going to say that we body of the people. If you desire to declare war upon our common enemies; ought not do that. They say that when convey the idea that we are now embark­ I do not know whether it was from a a man is in wine he will tell the truth__, ing on a wartime honeymoon, you are selfish or a patriotic motive, but I prefer and tha~ a banquet is sometimes a feast certainly playing into the hands of those to believe that the motive was patriotic. of reason and a flow of soul, and that one who have sought to sell and have suc­ I do not believe we ought to tie the way to a man's intellect and his judg­ ceeded in selling the Axis proposition hands of our State Department in any ment is through his stomach. We have south of the Rio Grande. That is No. 1. way. When the success of a broad con­ made liberal allowance for all of that, No. 2: No one questions the states­ structive program is at stake, a program but we do not want to leave the impres­ manship of Cordell Hull or the African which is an essential part of the larger sion on the minds of those people that front, and the same great leader of the program of winning the war and the we do not have any sense; that we are Department of State carries this message peace, I repeat, this is no time to in­ just a Nation spendthrift; that we are to you that is contained in this bill. dulge the luxury of ignorance and prej­ throwing away our wealth like a drunken There has been much ridicule about udice in ill-advised frivolity or penny­ sailor. All over the world we are pour­ the handbook on the American Indians. pinching frugality. It behooves us to be ing out the wealth of this Nation like Scientists throughout the Americas, in­ more generous than we ordinarily would sand, and the blood of its boys like water. cluding teachers from 200 different uni­ be. I know it imposes a penalty upon Let us stop short of absolute bankruptcy. versities, have earnestly sought the com­ our people, but we are in a war that is The CHAffiMAN. The time of the pilation of this data on the American affecting every single home. I would gentleman from Tennessee bas expired. Indian. The handbook is now in its rather spend millions of dollars than lose The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. JoNES] third year of preparation. Sixty per­ the life of one American boy because of is recognized. cent of the manuscript, maps, photo­ something that we should have done and Mr. JONES. Mr. Chairman, I rise in graphs, and drawings are in the editor's failed to do. support of the amendment. hands. The remainder is so near com­ I hope that this amendment will not . Mr. CALVIN D. JOHNSON. Mr. pletion that the entire work could be as­ be adopted. After all, if the money is Chairman, will the gentleman yield? sembled in a little more than a year. not expended it will simply go back into Mr. JONES. I yield. Thirty thousand dollars has already been the United States Treasury. Mr. CALVIN D. JOHNSON. We all spent on the project, and now it is con­ The CHAIRMAN. The time ·of the realize that friendship is the cement that templated to disregard the investment gentleman from New York [Mr. KEN­ binds peoples together. We realize that and the work that has been done by cut­ NEDY] has expired. this four and a half million dollars is ting down the $12,000 that would be Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Chairman, I rise for the purpose of purchasing that allowed. in support of the amendment. friendship. Nations are like men, be­ Moreover, there have been 90 con­ Mr. Chairman, this amendment .pro­ cause they are groups of men. As a man, tributions to this one book, and I ask poses to cut the amount carried in this I have never known an individual whose the gentleman from New York particu­ portion of the bill from $4,500,000 to friendship I have had to purchase whose larly to listen: 47 in the American re­ $3,000,000. In other words, it proposes friendship has been of any · value. I publics in Central and South America to save the American taxpayer $1,500,000. think that this would apply also to South and 43 in the United States. ' Of course, in supporting this amendment America. These contributors went at the job so I do not for a minute wish to be under­ Mr. JONES. I thank the gentleman promptly and enthusiastically on the in-· stood as decrying the effort to solidify for his contribution. vitation extended that they are well in and render permanent the good will that I am for the old-line agencies, as I advance of the program and have really exists now between this Nation and vir­ said yesterday. I think the amendment cut down the time for the work as orig­ tually all of the Central and South Amer­ offered by the gentleman from California inally anticipated by over a year. I could ican republics, but we cannot buy victory. [Mr. CARTER], cutting $1,500,000 from go on and tell you how the Germans, the We have been liberal with every country this item, is a good amendment and will Italians, and the Japanese have been ac­ in the world to the degree of prodigality. not harm the State Department or its tive in South America, but it is really In considering this effort to save this integrity in any way. I am for it. I difficult to appraise the great inroads sum of money for the American taxpay­ think this amendment will leave in the that have been made there. I am sur­ ers, let us just have in mind a few facts. cultural relations program all that is prised that the gentleman from Califor­ A few days ago we raised the debt limit necessary for the State Department to nia of all people should make the request of this country to $210,000,000,000. That weld its share of the friendship between that this fund be cut, for my distin­ means that before this war is over this the United States and the South Ameri- guished and personal friend accompa­ Nation shall have spent in the war on its can countries. · nied me on a recent trip to 17 of those ­ own behalf and that of its allies all of I hope the amendment will be adopted countries. the accumulated wealth of this Republic. almost unanimously. I · ask that the amendment be voted Just what degree of care should a pub­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman down. lic official exercise in the discharge of a from Michigan [Mr. RABAUT] is recog­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the public duty on behalf of the people he nized. gentleman from Michigan has expired; represents? The law sets the standard Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, you all time has expired. for an official in the discharge of his cannot do what is being proposed here The question is on the amendment official duties. It says he must use a de­ without disrupting the good-neighbor offered by the gentleman from Califor­ gree of diligence which exceeds that of policy. If you vote for this amendment, nia. a prudent man in the discharge of his you are doing an offensive act to the The question was taken; and the Chair own private affairs. There ought to be good-neighbor policy in the Western being in doubt, the Committee divided; some limit. When war .comes in the Hemisphere. You are not going abroad and there were-ayes 89, noes 78. door, economy, good judgment, and a lot to do it. You are doing it right here Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I ask of other good things go out the window. in the Western Hemisphere. for tellers. Of course, we are going to win this war, Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, will the Tellers were ordered, and the Chair but I am not convinced for 1 minute gentleman yield? appointed as tellers Mr. RABAUT and Mr. that any victory will come to us by the Mr. RABAUT. Yes, I yield. CARTER. The Committee again divided; expenditure of this $1,500,000 in South Mr. CARTER. I want to know and the tellers reported that there were America. We have· done a lot of good whether or not the good-neighbor policy ayes 113 and noes 86. So the amend­ down there and we are getting a lot of has already been offended by reason of ment was agreed to. good things that we need. We are get­ the fact that the subcommittee cut The Clerk read as follows: ting tin. We are getting copper, we are the amount down to $4,500,000 from Salaries and expenses, War Division: For getting quinine, we are getting bauxite, $6,000,000? all salaries and expenses 1n the District ot 3080 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 Columbia and elsewhere necessary for the en­ States as reimbursement for the National The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman is forcement of acts relating to the national Training School for Boys or for any other recoenized for 5 minutes. security and war effort and in connection penal and correctional facilities appropriated Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. with the registration and control of alien for under this heading, transferred to any enemies, including the employment of ex­ other Government department, agency, or Chairman, in connection with the perts; supplies and equipment; printing and corporation, to continue available until ex­ amendment which I have just proposed, binding; travel expenses, including attend­ pended. may I say that I believe that there is a ance at meetings of organizations concerned definite conspiracy on within the admin­ with the purposes of this appropriation; Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I make istration to .permanently injure and stenographic reporting services by contract or the point of order against the language sabotage the dairy industry of this coun­ otherwise; books of reference, periodicals, and on page 50 in lines 12 to 23 on the ground try? In 1940, the consumers counsel in newspapers (not exceeding $4,000), $800,000, that it is legislation on an appropria­ of which not to exceed $100,000 may be ex­ the Department of Agriculture staged a tion bill. It is very bad practice to pro­ Nation-wide radio broadcast urging pended for personal services without regard vide an indefinite appropriation with­ to the civil-service and classification laws. people to eat oleomargarine, leaving the out knowing what it is to be used for or inference that oleo was just as good as Mr. RAMSPECK. Mr. Chairman, I anything about it. It is entirely illegal butter. This was followed by a ruling reserve a point of order against the lan­ and not authorized by law. of Paul V. McNutt, in charge of the Pure guage on page 36 beginning with the The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentle­ Food and Drug Division, which provided word "of" in line 13 and extending to man from Michigan desire to be heard a new formula for oleo to make this the end of line 15 and ask the gentle­ on the point of order? product, as nearly as possible, have the man from Michigan why it is proposed Mr. RABAUT. No; we concede the same nutritive value, taste, and smell as to exempt $100,000 from the civil-serv­ point of order. butter. And, now, we have the Bureau ice and classification laws. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair sustains of Domestic and Foreign Commerce put­ Mr. RABAUT That is for an emerg­ the point of order. ting on a promotional campaign, at the ency in the Attorney General's office. The Clerk will read. expense of the taxpayers, urging the use Mr. RAMSPECK. I should like to The Clerk read as follows: of oleo, filled milk, and filled cheese, know what it is, to see whether it is Departmental salaries and expenses: For and attempting to discredit butter and justified or not. I have not been able personal services (not to exceed $1,354,480) other genuine dairy products. Mr. E. E. to find anything in the hearings about it. and other necessary expenses of the Bureau McCleish is the Chief of the Marketing Mr. HARE. Mr. Chairman, will the of Foreign and Domestic Commerce at the seat of government in performing the duties Laws Unit in this Bureau. I will have gentleman yield? imposed by law or in pursuance of law; news­ something to say about him and his Mr. RAMSPECK. I yield. papers (not exceeding $1,500), periodicals, predecessor, Mr. Paul T. Truitt, whore­ Mr. HARE. It is my understanding and books of reference; contract stenographic signed a few months ago to take on, as that it is for the employment of special reporting services; fees and mileage of wit­ I have heard, a $40,000 a year job as the counsel in special cases by the Depart­ nesses, and other contingent expenses in the head of the Oleomargarine Institute. ment of Justice in the war program. It District of Columbia, $1,409,000: Provided, These officials in the Bureau of Do­ is an appropriation that has been car­ That expenses, except printing and binding and traveling expenses, of field studies or mestic and Foreign Commerce, and their ried heretofore. surveys conducted by departmental personnel associates, under the direction of Mr. Mr. RAMSPECK. I have not been able of the Bureau shall be payable from the Truitt, now the head of the Oleomargar­ to find anything about it in the hearings. amount herein appropriated. ine Institute, undertook to make an in­ Mr. HARE. It has been carried from vestigation which sought to discredit year to year in the same language. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment, which dairy products and to boost the use of Mr. RAMSPECK. I. have no objection oleomargarine, arid other products like whatever to an item exempting only the I send to the Clerk's desk. The Clerk read as follows: filled cheese and filled milk, both of which classification law, but I see no neces­ are now being sold contrary to law. sity for exemption from the civil-serv­ Amendment offered by Mr. AuGUST H. · I have before me the results of the ice law, especially when we are now op­ ANDRESEN: On page 68, line 13, after the word "appropriated", insert ": Provided ju1'ther, investigation, which consist of one pub­ erating under the War Service Regula­ That no part of the appropriation in this llcation of 308 pages and another of 55 tions. paragraph shall be used for inquiries or in­ pages boosting the merits of oleo and Mr. RABAUT. This item has been vestigations relating to dairy products, or filled milk and cheese, and attempting carried for several years. If my col­ for promotional activities, inquiries, or inves­ to tear down genuine dairy products. league wishes to press his point of order tigations in connection with oleomargarine, These publications have been mailed out that is his privilege, of course. 'filled milk,' 'filled' cheese, and other pre­ over the country by the Bureau and by Mr. ROWE. Do special counsel fall tended substitutes for dairy products." Mr. Truitt, former chief, and now the under the jurisdiction of the civil serv­ Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. high-priced executive of the Oleo In­ ice? Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to stitute. All of this at the expense of the Mr. RAMSPECK. Oh, yes; all em­ proceed for 5 additional minutes. taxpayers. ployees now come under civil service The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection In my opinion, Mr. Truitt did such a procedure. Attorneys were just recently to the request of the gentleman from splendid job, as chief of the Bureau, in put under civil service. Minnesota [Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN]? advertising oleo, that he was offered and Unless there is some real emergent Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, reserv­ did accept the high salaried position as reason for it I am not disposed to pass ing the right to object, I wish the gen­ head of the Oleo Institute. I estimate it by. tleman would not ask for the additional that he gave the industry at· least $10,- Mr. Chairman, I make the point of time. We have another bill coming up, 000,000 worth of free advertising-all at order that the language· referred to is and the hour is late. the expense of American taxpayers. legislation on an appropriation bill. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I had After he resigned to take on his new job, Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I con­ a tentative understanding with the gen­ Mr. McCleish took over, and it appears cede the point of order. tleman from California that I would have to me that Mr. Truitt still has consider­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman 10 minutes today instead of taking the able to say about the running of the from Michigan concedes the point of time yesterday. Bureau when it comes to the products order. The point of order is sustained. Mr. RABAUT. I may say to the gen­ covered by my amendment. The Clerk read as follows: tleman there is not a thing in the bill There is no reason why the taxpayers Construction of buildings and facilities: about this matter. should be called upon to pay for promo­ For construction, remodeling, and equipping Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. tional work or advertising for any prod­ buildings and factlities for penal and correc­ Chairman, I withdraw my request tem­ uct or commodity. I have therefore tional institutions and for all necessary ex­ porarily. offered this amendment to prohibit the penses incident thereto, including the acqui­ sition of a site, there is hereby authorized to Mr. RABAUT. Has the gentleman an use of any money appropriated by this be transferred to this appropriation such amendment pending? section for inquiries and investigations amounts as may be agreed upon by the At­ Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. of dairy products, and also to stop all torney General and the head of any depart­ Chairman, I withdraw the request tem­ promotional activities, inquiries, and in­ ment, agency, or corporation of the United porarily. vestigations with reference t.o oleomar- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3081 garine, filled milk, filled cheese, or any attention. It says In this 308-page book­ has this set of bureaucrats used in order other pretended substitute for dairy prod­ let that the study of the food industry to destroy the dairy industry ·of this ucts. was initiated by Mr. Paul T. Truitt. re­ Nation? There will be a shortage of butter in cently resigned Chief of the Marketing Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I have the United States this year. Last year Laws .Division of the Bureau of Domes­ no idea how much money they have the production for civilian use was ap­ tic and Foreign Commerce. He is the used, but I can tell the gentleman from proximately 1,800,000,000 pounds. The man who did such a good job in advertis­ Tennessee that if the objective of these Army and other governmental agencies ing these synthetic substitutes that he officials is achieved. and they are trying will take around 30 percent of that but­ was given a job at $40.000 a year as the to get the American people on a perma­ ter, which leaves approximately 1,200,- head of the Margarine Institute. nent oleo diet, that will drive the people 000,000 pounds for domestic consump­ A legal research was conducted by Miss away from butter. The 0. P. A. has tion. When you deduct the amount that Edith N. Cook, chief attorney and labor helped out on it. They require only 5 four or five million farmers will pro­ analyst for the unit, and her associate points to get a pound of oleo, whereas duce when they churn butter due to the counsel, Mr. Burt W. Roper, and Mr. John they require 8 points to get a pound of rationing of butter, you will find ap­ H. McLean. The Los Angeles staJI of the butter. proximately 1,000,000,000 pounds of but­ Market Laws Survey contributed impor­ Mr. JENNINGS. What was the re­ ter left for civilian use as against tantly in checking and charting the ward of the man who thus sabotaged the 1,800,000,000 last year. I can see good statutory restrictions. The economic dairy industry of this country at the reasons why the few who are engaged section was conducted by Dr. Richard H. hands of the oleo interests? in the manufacture of oleomargarine Rush, head of the economic staff of the Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. The want to have the Government promote unit, and his associate, John E. Kane. reward for Mr. Truitt, the chief of that their product, and I have no objection They do not idve any credit to the division, was that he got this job as the to people eating oleo. I do not want W. P. A., although I know theW. P. A. head of the Oleomargarine Institute at to be misunderstood in that respect. assisted in this investigation. around $40,000 a year. In other words, You can bt.y and eat all the oleomar­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. he gave them $10,000,000 worth of ad­ garine that you want. If the people know They started it, I think. vertising at the expense of the taxpayers. what it is, they may buy it. but we do Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. The Mr·. TABER. Mr. Chairman. will the not want it sold for butter, and we think Bureau takes full and complete credit gentleman yield? it is wrong for any governmental money for having compiled this publication and Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I yield. to be used for advertising or for any for undertakllg the program to adver­ Mr. TABER. How many copies of this agency of the Government to promote tise oleo and to bring about its increased book were delivered to the Oleo Trust for its sale. sale to the people. distribution at Government expense? The sale of oleomargarine has gone up I was saying here that the sale of oleo Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I do by leaps and bounds during the last 2 has increased by leaps and bounds. not know how many copies they got, but years or ever since the departments Seventy-two million pounds were sold in I tried to get two copies and had to raise undertook this campaign to promote the January of this year. If it goes along at particular Ned even to get these and a sale of it. I have the figures here from the same rate, the manufacture and sale few extras from Mr. MacLeish. the Department showing the sales of of oleo will run close to 1,000,000,000 The CHAffiMAN. The time of the oleo to be around 72,000,000 pounds In pounds for 1943, which will be about the gentleman from Minnesota has again January. At that rate, if it continues same as the sale of butter available for expired. for the rest of the year, and we expect consumption by the people in this coun- Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. In it will because of the butter shortage, try. · conclusion let me ask your support of my you can realize that the total will be close Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will the amendment so that we may stop this to 1,000,000,000 pounds in 1943. gentleman yield? iniquitous practice of spending the tax­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I yield payers' money for the promotion of any gentleman has expired. to the gentleman from Michigan. product, and forever prevent a bureau Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. Mr. RABAUT. In this very book about chief from feathering his own.nest at the Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to trade barriers that the gentleman holds expense of the people. proceed for 5 additional minutes. in his hand and which deals with the Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I rise The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection subject of-- in opposition to the amendment. to the request of the gentleman from Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I can­ Mr. Chairman, I have before me the Minnesota [Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN]? not }'ield for a speech. The gentleman book to which the gentleman has been There was no objection. can bring that out in his own time. referring, Trade Barriers in .the Food Mr. FORD. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. RABAUT. The gentleman wants Industry. There is nothing in this bill, gentleman yield for a question? to be fair in his statement? for 'he Department of Commerce for the Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I yield Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I will particular matter that is being suggested to the gentleman from California. be fair. under the pending amendment, so it is Mr. FORD. The gentleman says that Mr. RABAUT. There was no increase all water over the dam and we are just oleomargarine is sold as a substitute. Is whatever in the consumption of butter talking about it. It is all finished. that not a legitimate way to present the when they put the tax on oleo. This is Besides this book that was referred to subject? right in the findings in this book. by the gentleman from Minnesota. I have Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. We Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. The here letters from different war agencies want it sold for what it is. Let the peo­ tax has been on oleo for many years, but, commending this study. It was origi­ ple know what it is. If it is oleomar­ in addition, this bureau has undertaken nally started in theW. P. A. and then in­ garine, and the people know it, I have to make 10 or 15 recommendations, which herited by the Department of Commerce. no objection. But the people should not appear in the back part of their book, These letters of commendation that I be deceived and made to believe that it recommending what should be done in have are from Lt. Gen. Brehon Somer­ is butter or just as good as butter. Congress to change the laws and what vell, of the War Department; Ralph A. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. should be done to secure the repeal of Bard, Assistant Secretary of the Navy; Will the gentleman yield? laws in the respective States. They are Robert P. Patterson, Under Secretary of Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I yield setting themselves up as supermen to War; Donald Nelson, Chairman of the to the gentlewoman from Massachusetts. dictate to us what shall be done in this War Production Board; and Joseph B. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. My country. We want no traffic with that Eastman, Director of tbe Office of De­ understanding is that that report on kind of synthetic dictatorship. fense Transportation. There are sev­ oleomargarine was started by the W. P. A. Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Chairman, will eral others, and I could go on naming and finished by the Department of Com­ the gentleman yield? them. All these letters praise the ac­ merce. Am I correct in that? Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I yield. tivity that has been undertaken. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I am Mr. JENNINGS. How much money The gentleman from Tennessee just glad the gentlewoman called that to my belonging to the people of this country now said that the dairy industry is being 3082 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 ruined. Why, Mr: Chairman? Because Mr. POAGE. Mr. Chairman, I move to - Why, then, continue your coil'plaint it is unable to fill its orders. Of course, strike out the last three words. I call about agencies of the Government doing people must have something in the form the attention of the House to the fact the very thing you say you want them of substitutes for food. Naturally they that this amendment comes to us strictly to do? Oh, the gentleman from Ten­ · are using these other products. If the as a proposition to destroy any informa­ nessee talked about the oleomargarine orders can be filled, I know of no one who tion that the public might get in regard monopoly. Who has got a monopoly in does not prefer butter and milk, if he can to the value of oleomargarine as human this country? Who wants to keep the get it. But if these products are unob­ food. The amendment is not here for people from knowing what the product tainable, it is the most natural thing in the purpose of saving money. The gen­ is that they are buying? Those of us the world for such a study to be made. tleman who has just preceded me, the who want the people of America to buy Under a study, started in the W. P. A., gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. STEFAN], any food that is wholesome and pure this matter came to light. Now it is talks about the improper publication of that the American farmer can produce, completed. It is water over the dam, and books. He did not tell you that the books whether he belongs to a favored group I see no reason for having a continuing relate to a great number of subjects, not or whether he belongs to the great discussion about it, especially at this late simply oleomargarine. masses of farmers who produce general hour. Mr. STEFAN. I did not say "improper crops throughout this Nation, those of Mr. Chairman, I move that all debate publication of books." us who want the poorest as well as the upon this subject close in 15 minutes. Mr. POAGE. Then I will simply say most wealthy of this country to be able Mr. TABER. Does the gentleman the publication of books. The books to buy a bread spread, are glad to see an mean on this amendment? about which he complains relate to the agency of the Government show the Mr. RABAUT. Yes. whole question of interstate barriers. housewife whether she is buying oleo­ The CHAffiMAN. The question is on The amendment relates to getting in­ margarine or whether she is buying but­ the motion of the gentleman from Mich­ formation about oleomargarine, and the ter. The people of America have long igan that all debate on this amendment gentlemen who have discussed the sub­ known the difference. Let them buy ject have referred to what they call the what they want to. close in 15 minutes. . The CHAIRMAN. The time of the The motion. was agreed to. oleomargarine monopoly. Oleomarga­ rine is made all over the Cotton Belt, all gentleman from Texas has expired. Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, during The gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. yesterday's debate on this bill the Chair over the Soybean Belt, and all over large sections of the United States. It is not MURRAY] is recognized. gavt: me permission to insert in the CoN­ Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. Mr. GRESSIONAL RECORD full information, not produced by a monopoly. At least there is sufficient competition to keep the price Chairman, personally I had been hopeful only on this particular book known as that we would not have this battle of Trade Barriers for Food Industry, but far below the price of butter. It is not inade-altogether out of one product. It oleo and butter during the present war; also approximately 25 other books, which but that we could have that afterward. were printed as a result of research done is made out of cottonseed, out of soy­ bean oil, .out of many crops grown in the It seems, though, that when there is a by a committee from various depart­ war on, many groups, many people think ments of the Government. I wish to ad­ great agricultural regions of this Nation, and it is being consumed by all the people that is the opportune time to sell their vise my friend the gentleman from Min­ particular brand of medicine oil. The nesota [Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN] that I of America who can get it. Even if the public wanted butter they cannot get Commerce Department seems to be anx­ have been told that the gentleman who ious to add fuel to the controversy. We did some of the work on this particular it and the very gentlemen who are un­ able to furnish the people of America should stop it. · book was employed in the Department of For many years I have followed what Commerce and since that time I under­ with the butter which they tell us the people want are unwilling for the people has been done on these substitutes. If stand, also, he has been employed by the the substitute people want to promote oleo people. to have any substitute. They say they do any product let them · use their own Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. He was not want to deny the people a good money instead of the public's. the Chief of the Division. spread, they say they simply want the people to know the difference. The gen­ The question is not whether oleo is as Mr. STEFAN. That is correct. He tleman from Nebraska [Mr. STEFAN] good as butter; the question is why we ~as si~ce left the Department of Com­ made a fine argument. He said all he should be spending time and money merce. wanted was that the people might know during the war pr any other time for I agree entirely with my colleague this purpose. We do not want the Com­ whether they were buying oleomargarine merce Department spending time and from Minnesota that we who come from or butter. I want them to know also, and butter-producing States are not so much money on this proposition. We have the the very proceedings against which they Department of Agriculture; we have concerned about the substitutes as we now inveigh convey that information to agricultural colleges and land-grant col­ are about presenting to the public an the public. When the housewife goes to leges s_cattered all over the United States. inferior material, to be labeled as butter. a store and pays five ration points for That is the place to study foods. We We do not want the people fooled. We oleomargarine as against eight for but­ should not be trying to run it through want them to know when they are eating ter, you can be mighty sure that she the Department of Commerce. Since the butter and when they are eating substi­ knows whether she is getting butter or Agriculture Department can carry on tutes. oleomargarine. Does the gentleman this experimental work and it is equipped I suggest that Members read the REc­ from Minnesota [Mr. ANDRESEN] think to do so, we should let them do it. ORD of yesterday. That gives a full, un­ that oleomargarine is so superior to Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Will -biased report of the publication of the butter that it should require more ra­ the gentleman yield? ·various books in qu~stion. Here are tion points? If he really believes that Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I yield. about 25 of them, and practically every butter is so much better than oleomar­ Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. In an­ one was paid for with W. P. A. funds. To garine then surely he would want butter swer to the gentleman from Texas, I give the gentleman from Michigan some to command a higher point value. If might say that my amendment does not information about the history ·of the those people who do not want the people in any way interfere with the sale of oleo­ books, which the producers of milk, of America to have a cheap spread for margarine or butter. All it does is to cream, and butter object to, they were their bread are sincere in saying they simply stop the expenditure by the De­ paid for by W. P. A. funds. partment of Commerce of any of the want the people to know the difference money appropriated in this bill to carry - The Department of Commerce spent between oleomargarine and butter~ they on promotional processes or investiga­ ·no money in the preparation of .them have never had an opportunity better tions with reference to either dairy prod­ except a small amount on one book on than they have today for more clearly _ucts, oleomargarine, or filled milk or ·trade barriers. understanding the difference between filled cheese . The CHAIRMAN. The time of the .oleomargarine and butter in what the Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I thank gentleman from Nebraska has expired. 0. P. A. is doing at this moment. the gentleman. We should support the l943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3083 motion of the gentleman from Minne­ farmer cannot take his butter up to the other. I believe that people who indulge sota. We should discontinue the appro­ little village and sell it where he has been in this sort of thing very evidently for priation, as 'the program is absolutely accustomed to sell it for 10 or 20 years their own profit ought to be put in their without merit. without getting. some kind of a ticket or proper place, and that is off the Govern­ Mr. JENNINGS. Mr. Chairman, will coupon. Consequently he does not sell ment pay roll. the gentleman yield? . it. What I want to know is this: Are the Mr. Chairman, I have offered this Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I yield. dairy people responsible for that order amendment to save the $100,000 that Mr. JENNINGS. As I understand it, or is it the oleomargarine people? was spent in this way. They were so when you patronize the time-honored Whenever I find out who is responsible ashamed of the documents they had put institution of the cow that gives milk, to for it, then I will be ready to start out that they tried to prevent the dairy take care of the cottonseed of the gen­ cussing. industry from getting copies of them tleman from Texas [Mr. PoAGE], who Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. and refused to furnish copies to repre­ has just spoken so eloquently and so feel­ Chairman, will the gentleman yield? sentatives of the dairy industry when ingly about that, you can put the cotton­ Mr. HARE. I yield. the representatives asked for them after seed through the cow and get milk as Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I may they had turned over to the Oleo Trust against putting the cottonseed through say to the gentleman that the 0. P. A. thousands of cqpies of free distribu­ a machine and get oleomargarine. intellectuals, key policy makers, are the tion. Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. But that ones Who are responsible for it, and the Is it not about time we put them where does not solve the problem before us. butter and dairy industry regret it ju~t they belonged and cut out this $100,000 The question for us to decide is whether as much as the gentleman does. We are which is unnecessary because they say we want to continue an agency to pro­ trying to get it changed. according to the chairman that they are mote dairy substitutes. I hope you will Mr. HARE. I appreciate that, but I not doing that job right now? support the motion of the gentleman say to-the gentleman that I did not hear I hope this amendment will be adopted. from Minnesota [Mr. ANDRESEN]. anything about it in his speech. I am The CHAffiMAN. The question is on Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Will serious about this because I imagine the the amendment offered by the gentle­ the gentleman yield further? custom prevails in practically every man from New York. Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I yield. farming section of the country. It in­ The question was taken; and the Chair Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I think terferes not only with the operations of being in doubt, the Committee divided; it is poor practice for any public official the small farmer, but it also interferes and there were-ayes 101, noes 95. on the public pay roll to use his efforts in with a lot of people living in small towns Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I ask trying to promote the sale of· any kind and even the larger cities who have de­ for tellers. of product so that he can get a job as veloped a taste for cow butter and, there­ Tellers were ordered, and the Chair head of the institution. fore patronize these small farmers. appointed as tellers Mr. RABAUT and Mr. Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I think They know t.he difference between cow TABER. we all agree to that. butter and butter substitutes. They like The Committee again divided; and the The c:aAmMAN. The time of the butter and they like to. buy it from these tellers reported that there were-ayes gentleman from Wisconsin has expired. farmers, but since they cannot get it they 117, noes 96. The gentleman from South Carolina are disappointed and dissatisfied and So the amendment was agreed to. [Mr. HARE] is recognized. both the farmer and the customers are Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. RANKIN. Will the gentleman kicking like "old Harry,'' and I cannot offer an amendment. yield? blame them. I get letters of protest The Clerk read as follows: Mr. HARE. I yield. nearly every day and I want to find out Amendment offered by Mr. DIRKSEN: On Mr. RANKIN. The gentleman from whet}ler it .is the oleomargarine people page 68, after line 13, insert the following Tennessee [Mr. JENNINGS] said you put or the dairy people influencing the ac­ paragraph: this cottonseed through the cows and get tions of the 0. P. A. "Field Office Service, for salaries (not to if The CHAffiMAN. The time of the exceed $397,000) and all other expenses neces­ butter arid you puf it through a ma­ sary to operate and maintain regional, dis­ chine you get oleomargarine. When you gentleman from South Carolina has ex­ trict, and cooperative branch offices for the put it through the machine and get oleo­ pired. collection and dissemination of information margarine you do not get tuberculosis, The question is on the amendment of­ useful in the development and improvement anthrax, and all these other infectious fered by the gentleman from Minnesota. of commerce throughout the United States and contagious diseases that some of The question was taken; and the Chair and its possessions including foreign and do­ these cows carry. being in doubt the Committee divided; mestic newspapers (not exceeding 300), Mr. HARE. Mr. Chairman, I do not and there were-ayes 94, noes 85. periodicals, and books of reference and the So, the amendment was agreed to. transference of householding goods and ef­ know whether I can qualify as an ex­ fects as provided by the act of October 10. pert on this subject or not. I happen to Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I offer 194( and regulations promulgated there­ have two or three milch cows at my an amendment. under, $430,000." home, and I also happen to grow cotton. The Clerk read as follows: Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. Chairman, the I get butter, milk, and clabber cheese Amendment offered by Mr. TABER: Page 68, from the cows. I guess I get oleomar­ line 3, after the word "exceed", strike out Commerce bill for last year carried the garine from the cottonseed. So I think "$1,354,580" and insert in lieu thereof amount included in this amendment. I can approach this from an unbiased "$1,260,000"; and on page 68, line 10, strike namely $430,000 for the maintenance of out "$1,409,000" and insert in lieu thereof 30 field offices. These offices have ex­ standpoint. But I do want to make this "$1,309 ,000 ... observation. isted for 30 years, they are maintained. Mr. STEFAN. Will the gentleman Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, this is manned, and operated by trained com­ yield? an amendment to take out of the bill mercial personnel. Virtually all of this Mr. HARE. In just a minute, because money that was spent by the crowd that money is for salaries for the mainte­ I may not get an opportunity to make pulled off this performance last year. nance of those offices. There is one such this observation. I have had a number Just to show you .the kind of job they office in each Federal Reserve city and of complaints recently about an 0. P. A. thought they were doing I call atten­ 18 additional offices scattered over the order. Down in my country where other tion to some of their performances. country in 22 States of the Union. farms are about the size of mine, it has Thousands of copies of these documents, When this bill came from the Budget been customary for these farmers to keep like this one entitled "Trade Barriers in Bureau that item was deleted. This a cow or two and sell their butter every Food" and this other smaller one on amendment proposes to restore that item week throughout the year. That is oleomargarine, were printed at Govern­ as contained in last year's bill ar..d I cer­ where the farmer gets his spending ment expense and turned over to the tainly hope it will commend itself to the money. He has not been able to get rich Oleo Trust for distribution. To me it best thinking of this body. at it, but he has been able to keep things is the height of ridiculousness for any There is some short-sighted economy going. 0. P. A. orders have recently Government agency to go out and try and I thil;tk this is an example. What been issued to the effect that such a to destroy one industry or build up an- virtue is there in setting up these offices LXXXIX--195 3084 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 7 under the Board of Economic Warfare at and he was :firmly convinced that this ex­ Much has been said about the small some later date because you do not save penditure for this purpose should not be businessman. I have one of these offices any money as you simply disrupt and made at the present time. in tht region in which I live, and I have destroy trained personnel. Every day Mr. RIVERS. Will the gentleman received numerous telegrams requesting restrictions are going on commerce-­ yield? me to vote to put these offi.ces back.into block exchange, blacklists, fund control, Mr. CARTER. I yield to the gentleman the appropriation. I have no doubt but block money, everything to make things from South Carolina. that many of you have. difficult for the business and industrial Mr. RIVERS. Was the gentleman sat­ Here is a real test now as to whether men of the country. After all, how are isfied with that statement? Did you not or not we are for economy. It is a test we going to pay this enormous war debt? put your own investigators on this to de­ with me as to whether or not I am for We could repudiate, we can devalue. but termine whether c>r not i~ was necessary? economy. I am going to stand for econ­ there is one and only one way in which it Mr. CARTER. I may say to the gen­ omy notwithstanding the fact that one must be paid and that is by the sweat tleman that we did put our own investi­ of these offices is in my vicinity. of everyone's labor and by the exchange gators on this, but they have not yet re- · The CHAffiMAN. The time of the of goods and services. That is t.he way ported. , gentleman from California has expired. we shall pay the war debt. If that is Mr. RIVERS. The Bureau of the Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, I ask the case, then why not help industry, Budget statement has not been satis­ unanimous consent that all debate on why not help the businessman of the factory to your committee up to this this amendment close in 10 minutes. to ti..ne? country :first assemble information Mr. Mll.JLER of Connecticut. I object, which goes into the Department of ·Mr. CARTER. No; that was not the Mr. Chairman. Commerce and, secondly, to make in­ reason why we put the investigators on. Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, the .formation available to all the business­ We were satisfied tha ·~ at this time these men of the country? officers should not receive the appropria­ hour is getting late. I move that all The hearings will show that in the tion. We want to know whether or not debate on this amendment close in 15 year 1942 these offices received 434,000 they should ever be continued again and minutes. calls for consultations from business­ the result of the special investigating The tnotion was agreed to. men on problems that have developed committee that was appointed under Mr. RIVERS. Mr. Chairman, I had as a result of the war, as a result of re­ House Resolution No. 69 will determine an amendment on the desk which in­ strictions, as a result of the enactments that. I may say to my good friend from tended to do the same thing as the of this very Congress. Now, we propose lllinois who offered the amendment and amendment of the gentleman from Illi­ to delete that item and make the job of for whom I have a profound respect, nois [Mr. DIRKSEN]. However, Mr. the businessman infinitely more diffi­ that he was the one largely instrumental DIRKSEN's amendment has precedence cult. With all this control, exchange in providing a corps of special investi­ over mine since he is a member of the blocking, international difficulties, how gators for the Appropriations Commit­ Appropriations Committee. Mr. DIRK­ are we going to promote the flow of in­ tee. Now, we are using the machinery SEN's and my amendment have the same ternational commerce unless we offer that he advocated, and I say that in the objective in view, that is, restore the field some help to these people? meantime the recommendations of the offices of the Bureau of Foreign and The other day, to be exact on the Bureau of the Budget and the recom­ Domestic Commerce. As the gentleman 26th of March, the preliminary estimate mendations of this subcommittee should from lllinois [Mr. DIRKSEN] has SO aptly for the Office of Censorship came to the stand. said: There are 30 regional offices and Appropriations Committee. Do you Mr. PLOESER. · Will the gentleman a number of local offices throughout the know what it asked for? It asks for yield? Nation. These offices give a great deal an appropriation of $29,000,000 with Mr. CARTER. I yield to the gentle­ of information to business, wherever which to put 13,852 people on the pay man from Missouri. they be. In my home town of Charles­ roll. If we have money enough to main­ Mr. PLOESER. Is it not true that the ton there is a great deal of activity for tain a censorship office and keep 13,000 administration is attempting to substi­ t_he Army and the Navy. The intelli­ people on the pay roll, surely we have tute the Board of Economic Warfare for gence offices of both of these branches of $430,000 in the Federal exchequer for the activities of the Commerce Depart~ the service utilize this office with a great the development of our trade and com­ ment in foreign affairs as well as the deal of regularity and a great deal of merce, the interchange of goods and State Department? success, as they have attested by copies services, wherein lies the one and only Mr. CARTER. I do not believe that is of letters in my possession. hope of ever meeting the enormous debt true, so far as these officers are con­ These offices give the small business­ that will be piled up as a result of this cerned, because the Board of Economic men a wealth of information. The other war and that will take this country out Warfare does not have offices established day I was in Charleston anjl numbers of of the valley of the shadow. This item around over the country at the present these small businessmen who had heard ought to be restored and I respectfully time. I understand that at one time of the prospective closing of this office submit you should support this amend­ they did have some offices, but they have at the end of the fiscal year were very ment. been closed, and I may say in passing, much disturbed. They said: Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in too, that we called a representative of The Congress has set up a Smaller War opposition to the amendment offered by the Board of Economic Warfare before Plants Corporation. Every day something the gentleman from illinois [Mr. DIRK­ this committee and asked him if that appears in the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD about SEN]. Board used these offices. He said, "Yes; keeping small business alive. If you close we use them some." When we suggested, up our local office of Foreign and Domestic Mr. Chairman, I am just as solicitous of Commerce, our local men will have no place the welfare of the small businessman and or asked, "How about transferring a to turn to get this information which is so for business generally as the gentleman part of your appropriation ;for maintain­ vital to them. who preceded me here or any other ing these offices?'' he said, "No; we would member of the committee. I believe that not want to do that." Our people cannot get priorities for they should be given help, aid, and assist­ Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Will the gentle­ traveling on the railroad. They cannot ance, but I call your attention to the fact man yield? get priorities for coming up here in their that the Bureau of the Budget took this Mr. CARTER. I yield to the gentle­ cars. They can ill afford to come to item out of the bill. This subcommittee man from Ohio. Washington at such great expense to get called the representative of the Budget Mr. VORYS of Ohio. Will the gentle­ information when these local offices are who handled this appropriation before man tell us what these branch offices do? furnishing them with such a wealth of the subcommittee and asked him if he I understand they give advice at about information so satisfactorily. had any personal knowledge in regard to $1 per advice--400,000 pieces of advice I should like to read you some of the it. He said he had. He had made a per­ to businessmen. What else do they do things which the services have Written sonal investigation of a number of these and what is the nature of their advice? me in this regard. They have sent me offices. We asked him in regard to that Mr. CARTER. They aid and assist and copies of letters which they in turn have investigation. He saihnson, Reed, N.Y. Mr. Howell for, with Mr. Lewis of Colorado Daughton McGehee West Ditter Calvin D. Rees, Kans. Douglas McKenzie Wheat against. Dondero Johnson, Ind. Rizley Eaton M.aas Wilson Mr. Knutson for, with Mr. Randolph Dworshak Johnson, Ward Rockwell Eberharter Mansfield, Tex. Winter against. Ellis Jones Rodgers, Pa. Elliott Mason Wolverton, N.J. Mr. Wheat for, with Mr. Gavagan agatnst. Ellsworth Jonkma.n Rogers, Mass. Engel Morrison, N.C. Woodrum, Va. Mr. Wilson for, with Mr. Rowan against. Elmer Judd R~hrbough Fogarty Mott Elston, Ohio Kean R:>lph Gallagher Murdock Mr. Bennett of Missouri !or, with Mr. El- Englebright Keefe Rowe liott against. Fellows Kilburn Sautho1l' So the amendment was agreed to.

• l943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3089· The Clerk announced the following be 2 hours. After the legislative bill is Mr. SHAFER. Mr. Speaker, I ask pairs: disposed cf we will take up the Hobbs unanimous consent to extend my own Mr. Treadway for, with Mr. Daughton bill. remarks in the RECORD and to include against. I may say in further amplification of therein an editorial. Mr. Holmes of Massachusetts for, with Mr. the program that between now and a The SPEAKER. Is there objection to O'Toole against. week from Saturday we have a great the request of the gentleman from Michi­ Mr. Boren for, with Mr. Domengeaux deal of business to take care of, but I against. gan [Mr. SHAFER]? Mr. Jackson for, with Mr. Dingell against. hope we shall be able to dispose of it. I There was no objection. hope we can at least finish general de­ Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. General pairs: bate on the Hobbs bill tomorrow: That Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ Mr. Gordon with Mr. Smith of Maine. would be very helpful. tend my own remarks in the RECORD by Mr. Gorski with Mr. Robsion of Kentucky. Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, re­ printing two short editorials. Mr. O'Brien of lllinois with Mr. Stevenson. serving the right to object, is it intended Mr. Outland with Mr. LaFollette. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. Pfeifer with Mr. Allen of Illinois. to vote on the Hobbs bill tomorrow if we the request of the gentleman from Michi­ Mr. Burch of Virginia with Mr. Cole of New get through with debate on it, or will gan [Mr. WOODRUFF]? • York. the vote go over until Friday or Monday? There was no objection. Mr. Weaver with Mr. Douglas. Mr. McCORMACK. No; we are going PASSAGE OF TAX BILL Mr. Byrne with Mr. Eaton. to sit Friday and Saturday, and it is very Mr. Starnes of Alabama with Mr. Graham. important that Members be here. As a Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. Mr. Cullen with Mr. Guyer. matter of fact, a bill from the Committee Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to pro­ Mr. Lewis of Colorado with Mr. Howell. ceed for 1 minute. Mr. Randolph with Mr. Knutson. on Immigration is on the calendar for Mr. Gavagan with Mr. Wheat. the latter part of the week. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. Rowan with Mr. Wilson. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. . the request of the gentleman from Michi­ Mr. Elliott with Mr. Bennett of Missouri. Which bill, may I ask? gan [Mr. WOODRUFF]? Mr. Barry with Mr Plumley. Mr. DICKSTEIN. A bill to restore There was no objection. Mr. Bates of Kentucky with Mr. Culkin. citizenshi:r: to deserting soldiers who Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. Mr Boykin with Mr. Mason. have been taken back into the Army. Speaker, American taxpayers are begin­ Mr. Fogarty with Mr. Wolverton of New ning to burn with indignation over the Jersey Under present law, upon court martial Mr Kleberg with Mr. Gallagher. such soldiers lose their citizenship. The threatened deiay now being voiced by Mr. Clark with Mr. Winter. bill was reported out unanimously and administration leaders-or some of Mr. Richards with Mr. Lambertson. it has the approval of the War Depart­ them-in devising a tax bill which will . Mr. Cox with Mr. Engel. ment, the Navy Department, and the embrace current payment features. Mr. Woodrum of Virginia with Mr. Ander- Marine Corps. There is no question in anybody's son of California. mind, at least those who have studied the Mr. Vinson of Georgia with Mr. Kearney. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. West with Mr. Scott. the request of the gentleman from situation, that we will have to devise a Mr. Colmer with Mr. Maas. Massachusetts? current-payment tax plan so the Ameri­ Mr. Sheppard With Mr: Andrews. There was no objection. can people can pay as they earn. Unless Mr. Mansfield of Texas with Mr. Welch. this is done, the Government will find EXTENSION OF REMARKS itself confronted with an impossible tax­ The result of the vote was announced Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, I ask collection situation, and the individual as above recorded. unanimous consent to extend my own citizens will find themselves confronted The SPEAKER. The . question is on remarks in the RECORD and include an with an impossible tax-payment situa­ the engrossment and third reading of editorial. tion. There was no excuse, no valid rea­ the bill. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it son whatsoever, for the administration The bill was ordered to be engrossed is so ordered. to make the Carlson tax plan a political and read a third time and was read the There was no objection. football as they did. third time. COMMITI'EE ON THE JUDICIARY Figures have been presented from time The SPEAKER. The question is on to time showing that the amount of in­ the passage of the bill. Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask come in 1942, based on a 1940 dollar, was The biil was passed, and a motion to unanimous consent that the chairman about $18,000,000,000 for those above the reconsider was laid on the table. of the Committee on the Judiciary may income level of $10,000 per year; that the GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND REMARKS have until midnight tonight to file a ii1.come for the group b0tween $1,700 and ON THE STATE, JUSTICE, AND COM­ supplemental report on the bill; H. R. $10,000 a year amounted to about $73,- MERCE APPROPRIATION BILL 653, to amend the Antiracketeering Act. 000,000,000; and that the income of the Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Without objection, it group below $1,700 a year was about unanimous consent that all Members is so ordered. $9,000,000,000. Any effort to trace down may have 5 legislative days in which to There was no objection. figures like these through governmental extend their own remarks on the bill just EXTENSION OF REMARKS departments usually results in complete passed.