HGS Molecular Structure Model - Contents

Catalog No. 130404

PLASTIC O S T C O O . M ,

O L

D I

. H R

4 IS 7 O 3 2 HGS 90 A MOLECULAR 02 STRUCTURE MODEL

www.maruzen.info/hgs/catalog/ HGS Molecular Structure Model - Contents -

1. HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 3 5. HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model 35 Standard Parts 6 Standard Parts 36 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1000α Fundamental Organic Chemistry Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 9 5001 Protein and Nucleic Acid Set 41 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1001α General Chemistry Basic Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 9 5002 Protein Set 41 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1013α Organic Chemistry Set for Student (1Å = 2.5 cm) 10 5003 DNA-A Set 42 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1013S Supplementary Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 10 5004 DNA-B Set 42 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1002α Organic Chemistry Introductory Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 11 5005 DNA-Z Set 42 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1003α Organic Chemistry Basic Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 11 5008 Double Helices RNA 42 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1014 Mini Crystal Structure Set (1Å = free) 12 5009 Triple Helices DNA 42 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1004 Student Crystal Structure H-Set (1Å = free) 12 5006 Phe-tRNA Set (yeast) 44 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1005α Organic Chemistry Standard Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 13 5010 Basic Biochemistry Set 44 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1006 Inorganic Chemistry Standard Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 14 5000 Biochemistry Set 44 (1Å = 1.0 cm) 1007 Lecturer Crystal Structure E-Set (1Å = 2.5 cm) 15 5030 Organic Chemistry Set 45 91000~Crystal Models assembled 16 95000~95007 Assembled Sets (1Å = 1.0 cm) 46 1701 Quasicrystal Structure Set (1Å = free) 17 Myoglobin A-DNA Phe-tRNA (yeast) 1009 Crystal Objects 18 Lysozyme B-DNA Beta–D–glucan 1008 Lecturer Organic Chemistry G-Set (1Å = 7.5 cm) 19 Cytochrome C Z-DNA

2. HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model 20 6. HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model Standard Parts 22 - Simplified DNA Molecular Models 47 2000 Basic Set (1Å = 1.0 cm) 24 2001 Researcher Set (1Å = 1.0 cm) 24 91101 DNA-10 assembled 47 92002 A-DNA assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 24 91102 DNA-15 assembled 47 92003 B-DNA assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 24 92004 Z-DNA assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 24

3. HGS Zeolites Molecular Model 25 Standard Parts 25 3000 Zoelites Standard Set (1Å = 1.0 cm) 25 93001 Zeolite-A assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 26 93002 Faujasite assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 26 93003 Zeolite-L assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 26 93004 Mordenite assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 26 93005 ZSM-5 assembled (1Å = 1.0 cm) 26

4. HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 27 Standard Parts 28 4000A Standard Set (1Å = 2.0 cm) 32 4010 Student Set (1Å = 2.0 cm) 33 7000A Advanced Set (1Å = 2.0 cm) 34

2 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1. HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model

Prominent features

The use of 14-, 20-, 26-, and 32-hedra made of ABS resin as 1) A 14-hedron results from truncating the eight corners of atoms is the most prominent feature of these models. By using a cube along the lines passing through the center of these polyhedra, various bond angles needed for the molecular each edge as shown in Fig.2 A . This is the basic models can be precisely represented; and since the polyhedra atom-polyhedron, and is called the sp3 type with 4 have various symmetry factors, by appropriately assembling holes, or the d 2sp3 type with 6 holes. them, the symmetrical characters of molecular models and crystal models can be easily realized. Connecting bonds are 2) The 20-hedron shown in Fig.2 B is called the sp2 made of polyacetal sticks or aluminium tubes, both being light type, and is used as a component of the benzene ring. in weight and sufficiently strong. Setting of the bonds is An sp2 type 20-hedron with holes also at the top and designed so as to permit the bond length of the molecular bottom is called the dsp3 type. models to be precisely observed. As the bonds are made of strong flexible plastics, the models of even complicated 3) The 26-hedron is made by truncating all the corners of molecules can be easily assembled. Also, this feature makes the 14-hedron. (Fig. 2 C ) possible the easy assembly of models of strained compounds and distorted crystals. 4) The 32-hedron is made also by truncating all the corners of pentagonal dodecahedron, including both Another advantageous feature of these HGS models is the faces of pentagonal dodecahedron and icosahedron. variety of atom-polyhedra available. In sets intended mainly for (Fig.2 D ) individual use, the polyhedral are supplied in small sizes, while The angles represented in these various polyhedra are shown in those for lecture use, they are in large sizes (Fig. 1). They in Fig.3. are also in different colors to indicate different elements. More- over, as mentioned above, three different shapes of polyhedron are contained in each set. These are as follows:

HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model has been developed under the direction of Dr. Kazuo Hata, Emeritus Professor of Tokyo Metropolitan University and Dr. Masayoshi Nakahara, Professor of Rikkyo (St. Paul) University.

3 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model Connection of “bond” to “atom” and the bond length

For connecting the bonds to atom-polyhedra, three modes are useful for the observation of conformational changes. devised according to different combinations as shown in Fig.4. The bond length in assembled models can be precisely repre- The connection between an atom and its σ-bond is designed sented by the length / shown in Fig.5, and can be measured by so as to rotate freely around the σ-bond but with some using the Å unit scale provided. tightness. This somewhat tight rotation around the bonds is

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 A 14-hedron B 20-hedron

4 14 5 2 3 3 3 2 Small sphere and polyhedra (atom Nos. H, C , m , C 20 , etc.) d sp sp dsp sp

C 26-hedron D

4 5 26 Large sphere and polyhedra ( Atom Nos. LH, LC , LC 20 , LM 26 , etc.) Cubic Hexagonal 32-hedron

Fig. 3

63°25’ A − B

35°16’ D −h 109°28’ D − E K 37°23’ A − C L A C 45° −h 120° j−l A A − F h I C 79°12’ J E D A E E D 54°44’ − D 125°16’ B − E D 100°48’ A − G i B B C M K F A 60° h−i 144°44’ E −m I B C − D N 41°49’ F G G j m 70°32’ D − E 180° A −antipodal side H D − J F G 70°32’ D −antipodal side 90° A − B , h−j 116°35’ I − E 26-hedron 14-hedron 32-hedron 138°11’ K − G

Fig. 4 A B C Bond tip aluminium pipe

polycarbonate resin

One-step insertion Two-step insertion Bond tip insertion

Fig. 5 Note: Read figure in ATOM code as example below.

5 ... No. of holes C 20 ... No. of sides (sometimes omitted)

: Bond length

4 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model Examples of Polyhedron Models

atom with one bond sp3 atom with two bonds sp3 atom with three bonds sp3 atom with four bonds

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 H, Cl , etc. H O , S , etc. O N , P , etc. N C , Si , etc. C Cl

double bond with sp 2 atoms triple bond with sp atoms benzene ring with sp 2 atoms amide group with sp 2 atoms

5 14 5 5 5 H C 20 ,etc. N ,etc C 20 ,etc. C C m , etc. C C 20 ,C 20 N C O

2 3 2 3 hydrogen bond dsp metal complex, dsp metal complex, d sp metal complex, square planar trigonal bipyramidal octahedral

14 5 14 H O H O m C 20 m Pt Cd Co

body-centered face-centered cubic lattice cubic lattice cubic lattice rhombohedral lattice

14 18 20 LM 14 LM LM LM

5 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model Standard Parts Note: Read figure in ATOM code as example below. 5 ... No. of holes C 20 ... No. of sides (sometimes omitted) Atom (When ordering, quote item No.) Nos, Item Parts Bond Item Parts Nos, Bond No. code Color of angle &Use Size and shape Color of & Use Size and shape holes No. code holes angle

hydro- 34-R LM 20 red small 26 45°, 60° sp3 large 1 H white 2 180˚ gen 20 sphere 34-Gy LM gray 20 90° bcc 26- s 26 hedron 20 109°28’ fcc 34-Y LM 26 yellow 2 C 4 black 20 3 4 blue yellow large N H36-Y LM 26 45°, 60° hcp 26- 4 4 red O 20 20 109°28’ hedron 4 small dark- 3 H36-R LM 26 red hexagonal 5 Si 4 109° 28’ sp 14- blue hedron 26 4 H37-R large 6 P brown LM 26 red 45°, 60° hcp 26- 4 90° 7 S yellow 26 26 hedron H37-Y LM yellow 109°28’ hexagonal 8 CI 4 green 26 5 26 45°, 60° sp3 9 C black 38-Gy LM gray 20 small 26 90° d2sp3 large 5 2 26- 10 blue 5 90° sp 20- 26 109°28’ N 20 26 hedron 120° dsp3 hedron 38-Y LM 26 yellow 125°16’ 5 orange 11 B 20 8 12 C black 8 hydro- 20 Bond gen large 39 GH white sphere 2 5 tip 1 5 109°28’ sp small N 13 blue 5 3 N 125°16’ sp 14- 3 hedron 70°32’ sp large 8 3 Bond sp2 14 m red 8 109°28’ bcc m8 40 GC black tip 3 120° 20- 125°16’ hedron 14 15 m blue 90° sp 4 2 41 GC black large 15-Bk m 14 black 108°28’ sp m14 14 sp3 42 GN 4 blue 14- 16 m 14 red 125°16’ hedron d 2sp3 43 GO 4 red 17 m 14 gray bcc GSi4 dark- Bond 109°28’ sp3 44 tip 4 hydro- blue 18 LH white 2 180° gen large 45 GP 4 brown sphere 4 s 46 GS yellow 47 GCl4 green 19 LC 4 black 20 LO 4 red 5 Bond 90° sp2 large large 48 GM black 4 20 tip 5 120° dsp3 20- 21 LN blue 14- hedron hedron 4 dark- sp3 22 LSi 4 109°28’ blue 6 2 3 large 4 brown 49 GM gray Bond 90° d sp 23 LP tip 6 14- 24 LS 4 yellow hedron 25 LCl4 green 45°, 60° sp2 large 5 90° sp2 large 26 90° sp3 26 LC black 5 50 GM 26 gray 26 26- 20 120° dsp3 20- 109°28’ dsp2 hedron etc. d2sp3 hedron sp2 8 90° black 3 27 LC 20 8 109°28’ sp 120° dsp3 51 Bond tip (connector) 28 LM 14 blue 90° sp2 large 14 sp3 14- 29 LM red 14 109°28’ 52-R red 32 63°25’ 14 2 3 hedron 30 LM yellow 125°16’ d sp 32 gray 37°23’ large LM 32- 31 LM 14 gray 52-Gy 32 pentagonal 70°32’ dodecahedron etc. hedron 18 2 3 icosahedron 32-R LM 26 red 45° d sp large 26- 18 60° Special colors below available on request. 32-Gy LM 26 gray hedron 18 90° (shipping time varies by stock condition) 32-Y 18 LM 26 yellow 18 Black Red Blue Light-blue Dark-blue Sky-blue 32-Gn LM green fcc Atom: 26 Green Gray Yellow Orange

6 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model

Standard Parts Item Bond length See Use Scale Material Bond & Orbital Plate (When ordering, quote item No.) No. Å ratio GUIDE Item Bond length See 7.5 cm Aluminum Use Scale Material G1 1.10 C H (black) No. Å ratio GUIDE 1 Å 2.5 cm Plastics 1 0.96 O H 1 (white) 1.40 . . . 1 Å G2 C C 1.10 1 (Bond No.2) 2 C H G3 1.54 1 C C 1.20 2 7.5 cm Aluminum 3 1.33 C C 3 1.10Å G4 1.33 C C 1 Å (black) 1.20Å . . . 4 1.40 C C 3 2

C O 1.54 7.5 cm Plastics 5 1.45 2 *G5 C C (black) C N (1.33) 1 Å 3 2 6 1.54 C C 4 15 22 7.5 cm Aluminum C CI 2 G6 2.52 tetra hedron (black) 7 1.80 C S 3 1 Å

G7 2.00 8 1.90 C Br 2 M N

p atomic Aluminum PG-1 Plastics 9 2.10 C I 2 orbital plate (blue) Aluminum p atomic Plastics Plastics PG-2 orbital plate 10 1.33 C C 2 (white) (green) π molecular Plastics p atomic Plastics PG-3 orbital plate (blue) OPB-1 orbital plate (blue) π molecular PG-4 Plastics OPG-2 p atomic Plastics orbital plate (green) orbital plate (green) 0.9x 2 2.5 cm Plastics π molecular Plastics H1 2.10 3 9 (white) OCB-3 orbital plate (blue) 4 2 1 Å 3 7 π molecular Plastics H2 2.34 Zn S OCG-4 orbital plate (green) 4 11

1 2.5 cm Plastics H3 2.81 1 8 1.85 2 11 2 1 Å (white) Framework 8 H4 5.41 1 of unit lattice 12 2.00 2 (zinc blende) 12 2 H5 3.82 (fcc) 13 13 2.20 2 2 3 7 H6 4.67 (bcc) 14 2.40 2 2 11 2 7 2 H7 6.24 (hcp) 15 2.60 3 10 14 2 7 H8 1.25 3 (C O) 16 3.08 35 11 2 1 8 H9 2.71 (Na Cl) For lattice 2 17 3.55 1 (diamond) 3 12 1+ 2 Framework H10 4.62 of unit lattice 13 Plastics 22 18 Free Size (Our supply: 15 cm) (white) (rutile) 2 12 Framework of 2.5 cm Alumi- H11 1.90 Ti O 19 7.10 2 Unit Lattice nuum 4 13 (Spinel) 5 1 Å (Black) Framework of 8 Co H12 10.82 2 Unit Lattice of Graphite 20 3.35 2 (Spinel) 12 5 *straight & flexible for curved use Co of Graphite Special colors below available on request. (shipping time varies by stock condition) 21 6.7 Bond: White Black Red Pink Green Gray Yellow 5 (except Orbital plates PB-1/4, PB-1/4, PG-1/4 & Bonds No. 19-21, G1-G7)

7 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model GUIDE to Bond insertion

1 9

(atom no. 2-8) (atom no. 1) (atom no. 26-27) (atom no. 26-27)

2 10 (atom no. 2-8) (atom no. 2-8)

(atom no. 26-27) (atom no. 26-27)

11 (atom no. 13-17) (atom no. 13-17)

(atom no. 34-38) (atom no. 34-38) 4

(atom no. 9-12) (atom no. 9-12) 12

5 (atom no. 32,37-38) (atom no. 32,37-38)

(atom no. 9-12) (atom no. 9-12) 13

6 (atom no. 32-38) (atom no. 32-38)

(atom no. 19-25) (atom no. 18)

14 7

(atom no. 52) (atom no. 52) (atom no. 19-25) (atom no. 19-25)

15 8

(atom no. 28-31) (atom no. 28-31) (atom no. 52) (atom no. 52)

8 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1000α (Alpha) Fundamental Organic Chemistry Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

Atom Item No. Atom Name Color Bond Angle Use Quantity ATM-01 H white - s 30 ATM-02 C(sp3) black 109°28’ sp3 12 ATM-03 N(sp3) blue 109°28’ sp3 2 ATM-04 O red 109°28’ sp3 6 ATM-08 Cl green 109°28’ sp3 2

Bond Item No. Bond Length（Å） Color Use Quantity BND-02 1.09 pink C－H 30 BND-06 1.54 white C－C 20 BND-10 (bent) 1.33 blue C＝C 12

Bond puller black 1

1001α (Alpha) General Chemistry Basic Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

Atom Item No. Atom Name Color Bond Angle Use Quantity

ATM-01 H white - s 24 ATM-02 C(sp3) black 109°28’ sp3 12 90° sp2, ATM-09 C(sp2) black 3 120° dsp3 ATM-03 N(sp3) blue 109°28’ sp3 6 ATM-04 O red 109°28’ sp3 2 ATM-08 Cl green 109°28’ sp3 2 90° ° sp,sp3, ATM-17 m(sp) gray 109 28’ 3 180° d2sp3

Bond Item No. Bond Length（Å） Color Use Quantity BND-02 1.09 pink C－H 25 BND-06 1.54 white C－C 20 BND-10 (bent) 1.33 blue C＝C 6

Bond puller black 1

9 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model

1013α (Alpha) Organic Chemistry Set for Student < 3rd Edition > 1002α (Alpha) Organic Chemistry Introductory Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

■ Atom Atom Item No. Atom Name Color Use Quantity Item No. Atom Name Color Use Quantity ATM-01 H white s 24 ATM-01 white s 30 3 H ATM-02 C(sp3) black sp 12 3 ATM-02 C(sp3) black sp 3 12 ATM-03 N(sp3) blue sp 2 ATM-09 C(sp2) sp2, dsp3 black 6 ATM-04 O red sp 2 N(sp3) sp3 3 2 3 ATM-03 blue 1 ATM-17 m(sp) gray sp, sp , d sp 1 ATM-10 N(sp2) blue sp2, dsp3 1 ■Bond ATM-04 O red sp3 4 Item No. Bond Length (Å) Color Use Quantity ATM-07 S pink sp3 1 BND-02 1.09 pink C–H 25 ATM-08 Cl green sp3 1 C–C ATM-17 m(sp) gray sp, sp3, d2sp3 2 BND-06 1.54 white C–N 20 C–O Bond BND-10 (bent) 1.33 blue C=C 6 Item No. Bond Length(Å） Color Use Quantity *1 C H Bond puller black 1 1.09 pink BND-02 *2 C C 30 1.21 C O

BND-04 1.40 green C C 8 C(ar) C(ar) BND-06 1.54 white C C 24 S O BND-07 1.80 yellow C Cl 2 C S 1003α (Alpha) Organic Chemistry Basic Set < 2nd Edition > BND-10 (bent) 1.33 blue C C 10 un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm *1) In the case of C–(#2 bond)–H, bond length = 1.09 Å. *2) In the case of C–(#2 bond)–(non-H atom), bond length = 1.21 Å. ■Atom Atom Orbital Plate Item No. Name Color Use Quantity Item No. Color Use Quantity ATM-01 H white s 30 OBP-1 blue p-atomic orbital 2 3 ATM-02 C(sp3) black sp 28 OBP-2 green p-atomic orbital 2 2 3 ATM-09 C(sp2) black sp , dsp 12 3 Bond puller black 1 ATM-03 N(sp3) blue sp 3 2 3 ATM-10 N(sp2) blue sp , dsp 3 3 ATM-04 O red sp 7 3 ATM-06 P yellow sp 1 3 ATM-07 S pink sp 1 3 black ATM-08 Cl green sp 2 3 2 3 black ATM-17 m(sp) gray sp, sp , d sp 2

■Bond ■Orbital plate Item No. Bond Color Use Quantity length (Å） green Quantity Item No. Color Use BND-02 1.09* (1.21*) pink C−H, C≡C, C=O 30 white OBP-1 blue p-atomic orbital 4 BND-04 1.40 green C=C, C(ar)=C(ar), C−O 16 OBP-2 green p-atomic orbital 4 BND-06 1.54 white C−C, S−O 40

Bond puller black 1 BND-07 1.80 yellow C−P, C−S, C−Cl 8 Ruler 1Å= 100 pm=2.5 cm 1 BND-10(bent) 1.33 blue C=C 12

1010 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1002α (Alpha) Organic Chemistry Introductory Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

■ Atom Item No. Atom Name Color Use Quantity ATM-01 H white s 24 3 ATM-02 C(sp3) black sp 12 3 ATM-03 N(sp3) blue sp 2 ATM-04 O red sp 2 3 2 3 ATM-17 m(sp) gray sp, sp , d sp 1 ■Bond Item No. Bond Length (Å) Color Use Quantity BND-02 1.09 pink C–H 25 C–C BND-06 1.54 white C–N 20 C–O BND-10 (bent) 1.33 blue C=C 6

Bond puller black 1

1003α (Alpha) Organic Chemistry Basic Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm ■Atom Atom Item No. Name Color Use Quantity ATM-01 H white s 30 3 ATM-02 C(sp3) black sp 28 2 3 ATM-09 C(sp2) black sp , dsp 12 3 ATM-03 N(sp3) blue sp 3 2 3 ATM-10 N(sp2) blue sp , dsp 3 3 ATM-04 O red sp 7 3 ATM-06 P yellow sp 1 3 ATM-07 S pink sp 1 3 ATM-08 Cl green sp 2 3 2 3 ATM-17 m(sp) gray sp, sp , d sp 2

■Bond ■Orbital plate Item No. Bond Color Use Quantity length (Å） Quantity Item No. Color Use BND-02 1.09* (1.21*) pink C−H, C≡C, C=O 30 OBP-1 blue p-atomic orbital 4 BND-04 1.40 green C=C, C(ar)=C(ar), C−O 16 OBP-2 green p-atomic orbital 4 BND-06 1.54 white C−C, S−O 40

Bond puller black 1 BND-07 1.80 yellow C−P, C−S, C−Cl 8 Ruler 1Å= 100 pm=2.5 cm 1 BND-10(bent) 1.33 blue C=C 12

11 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1014 Mini Crystal Structure Set un-assembled 1 Å = free

■ Atom

Item No. Parts code Color Quantity

14 m8 red - 15 m14 blue 15 16 m14 red 15 17 m14 gray - 38-Gy LM26 gray 4

■ Bond Item No. Quantity 6 white 60 7 white 10 11 white 10 14 white 10 16 white 10 17 white 15 18 white -

1004 Student Crystal Structure H-Set un-assembled 1 Å = free

■ Atom

Item No. Parts code Color Quantity

14 m8 red 20 15 m14 blue 24 16 m14 red - 17 m14 gray 24 38-Gy LM26 gray 16

■ Bond Item No. Quantity 6 white 120 7 white - 11 white 20 14 white - 16 white 20 17 white 20 18 white 10

1212

HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model (Alpha) rd 1014 Mini Crystal Structure Set 1005α Organic Chemistry Standard Set < 3 Edition > un-assembled 1 Å = free un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

• This set is composed of various kinds of polyhedra and can also be properly assembled. ■ Atom bonds to meet the broad demand of general research. • This set contains orbital plates, designed for p atomic Item No. Parts code Color Quantity • The set is not only useful for assembling molecular models orbitals or for π molecular orbitals. These are useful for the of fundamental organic compounds, but also applicable to explanation of the participation of π-electrons, such as in the 14 8 red - m polymer molecules, complex natural products, and some Woodward-Hoffmann rules. 15 14 blue 15 m simple metal complexes, etc. • Interatomic distances can be easily estimated by using the Å 14 16 m red 15 • As the bonds are made of flexible polyacetal resin, molecu- unit scale (1 Å = 2.5 cm) provided. 17 m14 gray - lar models of strained ring systems such as three- and four-membered rings and particular condensed ring systems 38-Gy LM26 gray 4

■ Bond Item No. Quantity 6 white 60 LUMO, disrotatory 7 white 10 11 white 10

14 white 10 Cis-product 16 white 10 Woodward-Hoffmann Rule 17 white 15 18 white -

Atom Bond Atom Bond Item No. Color Use Quantity Name Item No. length (Å） Color Use Quantity 1004 Student Crystal Structure H-Set ATM-01 white s 72 H BND-02 1.09* (1.21*) pink C−H, C≡C, C=O 72 un-assembled 1 Å = free ATM-11 B orange sp2, dsp3 1 BND-04 1.40 green C=C, C(ar)=C(ar), C−O 38 3 ATM-02 C(sp3) black sp 46 ■ Atom 2 3 BND-06 1.54 white C−C, S−O 72 ATM-09 C(sp2) black sp , dsp 20 3 Item No. Parts code Color Quantity ATM-03 N(sp3) blue sp 5 BND-07 1.80 yellow C−P, C−S, C−Cl 20 8 2 3 14 m red 20 ATM-10 N(sp2) blue sp , dsp 5 BND-09 2.10 white C−I 2 14 3 15 m blue 24 ATM-04 O red sp 12 BND-10 (bent) 1.33 blue C=C 30 14 3 16 m red - ATM-05 Si yellow green sp 1 17 m14 gray 24 ATM-06 P yellow sp3 2 26 Bond puller black 1 38-Gy LM gray 16 3 ATM-07 S pink sp 2 Ruler 1Å= 100 pm=2.5 cm 1 3 ATM-08 green sp 4 ■ Bond Cl 3 2 3 ATM-17 m(sp) gray sp, sp , d sp 4 Item No. Quantity 6 white 120 Orbital plate *C−H, 1.09 Å: C−(non-H atom), 1.21 Å 7 white - Item No. Color Use Quantity 11 white 20 OBP-1 blue p-atomic orbital 6 14 white - -10 16 white 20 OBP-2 green p-atomic orbital 6 Bond length units, 1Å=100 pm=10 m, e.g., 1.54Å=154 pm 17 white 20 OBC-1 blue orbital connector 3 18 white 10 OBC-2 green orbital connector 3

13 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1006 Inorganic Chemistry Standard Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

• This is a standard set for research on molecular structure unit scale (1 Å = 2.5 cm) provided. and crystal structure of inorganic compounds. • Fundamental structure of ionic crystals such as rock salt, • Suitable models of complicated tetra-, penta-, and cesium chloride, zinc blende, wurtzite, fluorite, and hexa-coordinated metal complexes and chelate compounds perovskite types, in addition to graphite and diamond types, can be readily constructed. can be constructed without supplying any supplementary • Interatomic distances can be easily estimated by using the Å parts.

tris(ethylenediamine) cobalt NaCl type crystal

■Atom ■Bond Item Parts Number Bond Item No. Bond length(Å) Quantity No. code Color Shape of holes angle Use Quantity 1 H white sphere 2 180° s 30 2 1.10 30

4 3 2 C black 14-hedron 4 109° 28’ sp 16 6 1.54 60 8 90°,60° 2 8 sp 11 1.85 10 12 C 20 black 20-hedron 120° dsp3 20 3 8 70° 32’ 14 14-hedron 8 sp 16 12 2.00 10 m red 109° 28’ 8 coordination

70° 32’ 3 13 2.20 10 14 90° sp 15 m blue 14-hedron 14 2 3 14 109° 28’ d sp 14 2.40 10 125° 16’

70° 32’ 3 14 90° sp 15 2.60 10 17 m gray 14-hedron 14 14 109° 28’ d 2sp3 125° 16’ 16 3.08 10 45°,60° 3 90° sp 17 3.55 20 26 109° 28’ 2 3 38-Gy LM gray 26-hedron 26 d sp 6 144° 44’ etc. etc. 18 free size 10

ℓ “ℓ”is bond length

14 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1007 Lecturer Crystal Structure E-Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.5 cm

• This set is designed to permit assembly of nearly all the zinc blende, wurtzite, fluorite, calcite, graphite and spinel fundamental crystal structures in the field of inorganic chem- can be constructed side by side. istry and crystallography. • This set is indispensable for research and lectures concern- • By using this set, fundamental structures of metals such as ing the formation process of inorganic giant molecules, the face-centered cubic lattice, body-centered cubic lattice, and form of spaces in a crystal, formation of optical isomers hexagonal close-packing, and the unit lattice structures of based upon the difference in configuration, determination of typical ionic crystals such as rock salt, cesium chloride, unit lattice, and so on.

hexagonal close-packing

Contents of Type E-set Atom Bond Item Parts Number Bond Item Bond length Color Shape Use Quantity Use Quantity No. code of holes angle No. (Å) ratio 3 4 3 H2 2.34 Zn—S 91 24 LS yellow 14-hedron 4 109° 28’ sp 4 4

2 Framework 5 90° sp of unit lattice 72 26 LC black 20-hedron 5 3 39 H4 5.41 1 120° dsp (zinc blende) 90° sp2 2 14 sp3 H5 ( 3.82) fcc 139 28 LM blue 14-hedron 14 109° 28’ 32 2 125° 16’ d 2sp3 90° sp2 14 3 3 37 29 LM red 14-hedron 14 109° 28’ sp 25 H6 ( 4.67) bcc 125° 16’ d 2sp3 2 90° sp2 14 3 2 18 30 LM yellow 14-hedron 14 109° 28’ sp 20 H7 ( 6.24) hcp 125° 16’ d 2sp3 3 90° sp2 2 14 sp3 6 31 LM gray 14-hedron 14 109° 28’ 94 H8 ( 1.25) C—O 125° 16’ d 2sp3 35 45° 18 2 3 1 32-R LM red 26-hedron 18 60° d sp 20 H9 ( 2.71) Na—Cl 136 90° 2 45° 1+ 2 Framework 32-Gy LM 18 gray 26-hedron 18 60° d 2sp3 9 H10 ( 4.62) of unit lattice 8 90° 22 (rutile) 45° 18 2 3 2 32-Y LM yellow 26-hedron 18 60° d sp 6 H11 ( 1.90) Ti—O 59 90° 4 45° Framework 20 32-Gn LM green 26-hedron 18 60° d 2sp3 6 H12 (10.82) 2 of unit lattice 12 90° (spinel) 45° sp2 20 60° Note 34-R LM 90° 3 16 red 26-hedron 20 sp Type E set is designed to make 1 Å = 2.5 cm is zinc-blende 109° 28’ 2 3 144° 44’ d sp crystals. The magnification of bond length of some of the other crystals is an approximate one. 45° sp2 60° Consequently, bond length show in parentheses are not 20 sp3 9 34-Gy LM gray 26-hedron 20 90° always the same as the bond length in the crystals 109° 28’ d 2sp3 themselves, but those are in the models. 144° 44’

45° sp2 20 60° 34-Y LM yellow 26-hedron 20 90° sp3 9 109° 28’ 2 3 144° 44’ d sp

38° 56’ 20 45° “ ” is bond length H36-Y LM yellow 26-hedron 20 60° 3 109° 28’

15 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model Crystal Models Assembled Set

Along with advances of industrial materials, we have designed Crystal Model to meet requirement in the field of reseaech and education for metallic materials, semiconductors, others supporting electronic industry. Assembled Models herein are prepared selecting optimum parts freely from ideas on our HGS Crystal Models D and E Sets in this catalog. Special Models will be available on recipt of your appropriate data. Note: supplementary parts available for construction by yourself.

Lecturer Model Assembled Set

91000 Face centered cubic closest packing (see photo) One unit cell 220 x 200 x 260 mm

91001 Hexagonal closest packing One unit cell 220 x 200 x 180 mm

91002 Body centered cubic closest packing Two unit cells 220 x 220 x 220 mm

91003 Rock salt One unit cell 160 x 160 x 160 mm

91004 Zinc blende One unit cell 160 x 160 x 160 mm

91005 Graphite One unit cell 200 x 200 x 270 mm

91006 Wurtzite One unit cell 160 x 110 x 180 mm

91007 Fluorite One unit cell 160 x 160 x 160 mm

91008 Calcite (see photo) One unit cell 320 x 200 x 200 mm

91009 Rutile One unit cell 140 x 140 x 90 mm

91010 Perovskite One unit cell 160 x 160 x 160 mm

91011 Spinel (see photo) One unit cell 300 x 300 x 300 mm

91000 FCC 91008 Calcite 91011 Spinel

18 ... 14 ... 14 Atom No.32-R LM 26 red 14 Atom No.30 LM yellow 6 Atom No.28 LM blue ... 18 18 ... 20 ... 14 No.32-Y LM 26 yellow 6 No.34-R LM red 2 No.29 LM red ... 16 18 ... 20 ... 14 ... No.32-Gn LM 26 green 6 No.34-Gy LM gray 9 No.31 LM gray 32 Bond No.H4 white ... 12 Bond No.H5 white ... 10 Bond No.H2 white ... 32 No.H5 white ... 72 No.H7 white ... 12 No.H9 white ... 72 No.H8 white ... 6 No.H12 white ... 12

16 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model Resercher Model Assembled Set

91020 Face centered cubic closest packing Seven layers 210 x 240 x 340 mm 91021 Hexagonal closest packing (see photo) Seven layers 210 x 210 x 340 mm 91022 Body centered cubic closest packing Eight unit cells 210 x 210 x 210 mm 91023 Rock salt Eight unit cells 200 x 200 x 200 mm 91024 Zinc blende 210 x 210 x 210 mm 91025 Wurtzite (see photo) 160 x 160 x 190 mm 91026 Diamond (see photo) 210 x 240 x 180 mm 91027 Graphite 220 x 240 x 210 mm 91028 Ice (Wurtzeit type) 250 x 260 x 320 mm 91029 Spinel One unit cell 190 x 190 x 190 mm 91030 Corundum Seven layers 210 x 210 x 340 mm 91031 Superconductor (Y Family) (see photo) 200 x 200 x 400 mm 91032 Superconductor (Bi Family) 200 x 200 x 380 mm

91021 HCP 91025 Wurtzeit Atom Atom 26 ... 14 ... No.H37-R LM 26 red 84 No.15 M blue 26 20 ... No.34-Y LM 26 yellow 26 Bond Bond ... 348 ... No.14 black No.5 black 75 ... No.5 red 4 ... No.14 black 11 ... No.14 red 12

91026 Diamond 91031 Superconductor (Y Family)

Atom Atom No.15 M 14 blue ... 16 No.2 C 4 black ... 76 No.17 M 14 green ... 1 No.15-Bk M 14 black ... 8 18 No.32-Y LM 26 ... 12 26 yellow Bond No.38-Gy LM 26 gray ... 4 26 ... No.6 black ... 136 No.38-R LM 26 red 40 Bond No.17 yellow ... 12 No.7 black ... 72 No.14 black ... 112 No.16 black ... 8 No.17 black ... 8

1701 Quasicrystal Structure Set un-assembled 1 Å = free Atom No. 32 ...... 52-R LM 32 red 150 63°25’ A – B 32 ...... K 52-Gy LM 32 gray 150 L 37°23’ A – C A Bond No. A – F ...... J E 79°12’ 6 200 D ...... C M 100°48’ A – G 15 200 F I B N 41°49’ C – D Guide to Bond H insertion G 70°32’ D – J (Bond No.6) 116°35’ I – E (Atom no.52) (Atom no.52) 32-hedron 138°11’ K – G (Bond No.15) (Atom no.52) (Atom no.52)

17 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 1009 Crystal Objects un-assembled

"Symmetry" is a very important concept in art and science. The word “symmetry” has been used for describing something that is “bilaterally-symmetric,” “beautiful,” or “well-balanced” since a long time ago. Therefore, it is obviously an important concept for paintings, sculpture, and even music. This word is also a very essential concept in math, physics, chemistry, and biology. This set is useful for learning the concept of symmetry by making various crystal and molecular models with high symmetry.

Ball (polyhedron) Item No. Color Number of holes Shape Quantity Application

3 blue 4 20 Ice Group (Hexagonal)

4 red 4 12 Diamond Structure (Cube)

Gas Hydrate 7 yellow 4 20 (Pentagonal Dodecahedron)

Ice Group 16 red 14 8 (Hexagonal)

Stick Item No. Color How to use Shape Quantity Application

Gas Hydrate (Pentagonal Dodecahedron)

6 white Triangular 90 Diamond Structure surface (Cube) Ice Group (Hexagonal)

Quadrangular Diamond Structure 17 yellow 12 surface (Cube)

Stick puller Material Shape Quantity Application

Rubber 1 For pulling out

18 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model

1008 Lecturer Organic Chemistry G-set un-assembled 1 Å = 7.5 cm

• This set is designed for lectures in organic chemistry at • Bond tips on the polyhedral enable the smooth connection of universities and high schools. aluminium bonds to them. • This is the largest of the HGS molecular structure models, • This set contains two kinds of orbital plates, designed for p the scale being 1 Å = 7.5 cm. It is effective for demonstra- atomic orbitals and for π molecular orbitals. These are tions in lectures in a large room. useful for the explanation of the participation of π-electrons, • Aluminium bonds are used to give sufficient strength to such as in the Woodward-Hoffmann rules. maintain the structure of large models.

π-orbitals in butadiene camphor C10H16O

Contents of Type G-set

Atom Bond Bond Item Parts Number of Bond Item Color Use Quantity length Use Material Quantity No. code Connectors angle No. (Å) G1 1.10 C — H Metal 30 39 GH white 1 Hydrogen 30 . . . G2 1.40 C C Metal 12 3 2 40 GC black 3 120° sp 6 G3 1.54 C — C Metal 30 4 3 41 GC black 4 109° 28’ sp 20 G4 1.33 C C Metal 10

4 C — C 42 GN sp3 1.54 Plastics 10 blue 4 109° 28’ 2 *G5 (1.33) (C C) Special 4 3 G6 2.52 Metal 6 43 GO red 4 109° 28’ sp 6 use** 6-coordi- 4 Metal 10 44 GSi dark sp3 G7 2.00 nated blue 4 109° 28’ 2 complexes

4 45 GP brown 4 109° 28’ sp3 2 * Straight & flexible for curved use ** Edge of tetrahedron surrounding sp3 structure

4 (composed of GC 4 atoms and G 3 bonds) 46 GS yellow 4 109° 28’ sp3 2 Orbital Plate 4 3 47 GCl green 4 109° 28’ sp 2 Item Color Use Quantity 2 No. 5 * sp 48 GM black 5 120°, 90° dsp3 6 20 PG-1 blue p atomic orbital plate 6

49 6 d 2sp3 GM gray 6 90° 2 PG-2 green p atomic orbital plate 6 45°, 60°, 90° sp2, sp3 26 0 50 GM gray (4 Holes) 109° 28’ 3 4 PG-3 blue Orbital connector 3 etc. dsp

51 Bond tip (connector) 16 PG-4 green Orbital connector 3 * sp2..... strucuture with p orbital plates

19 HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model 2. HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model

Features The models combine the idea of both ball-and-stick and space-filling models allowing one to visualize not only molecular frameworks but also molecular structures covered with electron clouds. A: Transparent except *-marked pieces below B: Opaque

Materials and Parts: Properly used materials, polyacetal for bonding, and ABS and polyacrylate for covering, make the model durable yet flexible. It is also light weight and even a large molecule can be constructed easily. Bonds fit snugly and firmly but can be easily disassembled. Conformational changes are easily attainable. Parts are beautifully color coded.

Scale: The scale, 1 Å = 1.0 cm, not only makes this molecular model quite handy but also extremely versatile to be used interchangeably with the “HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model.”

( For reference)

20 HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model Sphere Size of Space-Filling Atomic Models

In space-filling molecular models, each atom is assigned a spherical volume representing its electron cloud, the size of which is defined by its van der Waals radius. The data of van der Waals radii were first reported by L. Pauling (1939) and then revised by A. Bondi (1964).

Van der Waals Radius [A. Bondi, J. Phys. Chem., 68, 441-451 (1964)]

H, 1.20 Å C, 1.70 Å N, 1.55 Å O, 1.52 Å F, 1.47 Å Si, 2.10 Å P, 1.80 Å S, 1.80 Å Cl, 1.75 Å Br, 1.85 Å

Most atoms in HGS space-filling models are assigned sphere sizes that are smaller than the van der Walls radii. For example, the size of #S-1 sp3-Carbon is 1.20 Å, which is 71% of the van der Waals radius of 1.70 Å. However, bond radii and angles remain unchanged. Other common atoms are #S-14-1 Hydrogen (size 1.00 Å, 83%), #S-2 sp3-Nitrogen (size 1.20Å, 77%), #S-12-1 single bond Oxygen (size 1.35 Å, 89%), etc. The reduced spheres serve to facilitate the construction of molecules; 100% size atoms would be difficult to use because of tightness between adjacent atoms.

When using atoms with reduced spheres, one can easily construct organic molecules. For example, it is easy to assemble methylcyclohexane (see Figure), and the model shows the space-filled molecular shape.

methylcyclohexane, equatorial CH3 methylcyclohexane, axial CH3

Another advantage of reduced spheres in space filling models is the ability to show conformational changes such as cyclohexane ring inversion, where an equatorial methyl group moves to the axial position and vice versa. In such a case, it is better to use model A (transparent) than model B (opaque), because one can see the chair form of the cylclohexane frame inside the electron cloud as well as the inverted chair conformation.

HGS space filling models offer “100% size” atoms for certain elements, including P, S, Cl, and others. These are useful for constructing hetero-compounds or halogen compounds.

For sp 2-Carbon atoms, two types are available that differ in sphere size: #S-5-1 (1.70Å, 100%) and #S-5-2 (1.25 Å, 74%), but the bond radii and angles remain unchanged. The tall “100% size” atom #S-5-1 emphasizes the bulkiness of π-electrons compared to the #S-5-2 sp 2-C atom. For the latter atom, parts S-27 and S-28 are useful to express π-MOs. So, one can choose these atoms depending on the intended purpose of the model.

21 HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model Contents and standard parts A: Transparent except *-marked pieces below B: Opaque

Item Bond Quantity Name Shape Color Angle No. Arrangement No.2000 No.2001

Carbon: 10 40 S-1 Tetrahedral C black 109° 28’

Nitrogen: 1 S-2 Tetrahedral N blue 109° 28’

Oxygen: red S-3 Tetrahedral O 109° 28’

Phosphorus: S-4-1 P yellow 109° 28’ 2 4 Tetrahedral

Carbon: S-5-1 Aromatic 6 (5) C black 120° Tall

Carbon: black 120° 8 20 S-5-2 Aromatic 6 (5) C

Nitrogen: S-6-1 Aromatic 6 (5) N blue 120° Tall

Nitrogen: blue 120° 11 S-6-2 Aromatic 6 (5) N

Oxygen: S-7-1 Aromatic 6 (5) O red 120° Tall

Oxygen: red 120° S-7-2 Aromatic 6 (5) O

Carbon: 114° black 4 S-8-1 Planar- I C 123° 123°

Carbon: 114° S-8-2 C black 123° Planar-II 123°

Nitrogen: 114° N blue 2 20 S-9-1 Amide-I 123° 123°

Nitrogen: 114° blue S-9-2 Amide-II N 123° 123° 114° Oxygen: red S-10-1 Planar- I O 123° 123° 114° Oxygen: red S-10-2 Planar- II O 123° 123°

Nitrogen: blue 2 S-11-1 109° N 109° 28’

22 HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model

Quantity Item Name Shape Bond Color Angle No. Arrangement No.2000 No.2001

S-11-2 Nitrogen: N blue 120° 120°

S-12-1 Oxygen: O red 109° 28’ 6 Single Bond 109° 12

S-12-2 Oxygen: O red 120° Single Bond 120°

S-13-1 Sulfur: S pink 109° 28’ 2 3 Divalent 109°

S-13-3 Sulfur: pink 109° 28’ Tetrahedral S

S-14-1 Hydrogen H white 20 60

S-14-2 Hydrogen H pink,sky blue

Oxygen: Linear S-17 O red 180° 20 Hydrogen Bond Hydrogen: S-18 Linear H white 20 Hydrogen Bond Oxygen: S-19 O red 2 6 Double Bond Cap large with S-20-1 yellow, pink, a hole blue Cap small with S-20-2 blue, red 1 10 a stick

S-21 Fluorine F brown

S-22 Chlorine Cl green 2 4

Carbon: S-24 C black 2 Triple Bond Nitrogen: S-24-2 N blue Triple Bond

*S-25 Connector white 20 30 (opaque only)

*S-26-1 Metal: Trigonal M red 90° Bipyramidal (opaque only) 120°

Metal: *S-26-2 M red 90° Octahedral (opaque only) Metal: red 90° *S-26-3 Pentagonal M (opaque only) 108° Bipyramidal π Molecular: S-27 Orbital Plate: black 6 10 Double Bond π Molecular: S-28 Orbital Ring: black 2 6 Benzene

*S-29-1 Bond Puller 1 1

Washer fastener See the figure *S-29-2 Usable for fixing 50 100 conformation in the next page

23 HGS Space-Filling Molecular Model

2000 Basic Set (A, B) un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm

This set is an ideal tool for learning introductory organic stereochemistry. One can easily construct fundamental organic molecules such as saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons as well as various cyclic compounds and their derivatives, through which basic knowledge on the molecular geometry, stereoisomers, steric hindrance, and conformational mobility are acquired.

2001 Researcher Set (A, B) un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm

This set is designed to meet the students and researchers dealing with biomolecules. In addition to those simple organic molecules mentioned above one can assemble complex molecules such as steroids and peptides. The idea of α-helix or β-sheet in peptide molecules can be learned. It is also suited for studying biosynthesis through nucleotides.

92002 Space-Filling A-DNA Assembled (A,B) 92003 Space-Filling B-DNA Assembled (A,B) 92004 Space-Filling Z-DNA Assembled (A,B)

Washer fastener (S-29-2) is used for fixing conformation.

24 HGS Zeolites Molecular Model 3. HGS Zeolites Molecular Model

Zeolite is a crystal composed of silicon, aluminium, oxygen, others, having numerous pores of molecular sizes and used as “Sieve” or acts as catalyst. Recently Zeolite has become a very important industrial material in the field of synthetic chemistry centering around petrochemistry, and this model has been newly developed.

Feature: The pores of Zeolite as “Sieve” are decided by oxygen sizes. This model is designed to represent oxygen only with round balls by noticing size of oxygen.

Scale: 1 Å =1.0 cm, same as HGS Space-Filling Model. When used together, you can visualize action as molecular “Sieve”/catalyst. Parts: Parts of this model is also useful to construct single crystal of silicon, cristobalite, tridymite, rock crystal & other more complicated silicate models.

Un-assembled Model

3000 Zeolites Standard Set un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm Contents and Standard Parts Bond No. 3000 Item No. Name Shape Arrange- Color Angle Quantity Zeolite Standard Set ment un-assembled f 109°28’ Silicon: m Bio-8-91 Tetrahedral Si yellow 109°28’ 200 No. 93001 1.05Å Zeolite-A f assembled 109°28’ Aluminium: m Bio-8-92 Tetrahedral Al blue 109°28’ 20 1.05Å f 109°28’ Silicon: m Bio-8-93 Tetrahedral Si yellow 109°28’ 1.17Å

Oxygen: O red 109°28’ Bio-16 Single Bond 109°

Oxygen: Bio-16-91 f m O red 144°44’ 250 Single Bond 144°

Oxygen: Bio-19-91 f f O red 144°44’ 20 Single Bond 144° Principal No. of No. of Required No. Structures Si or Al O of the Set Oxygen: Bio-22 O red 180° Linear H-bond Sodalite cage 24 36 1 set

Oxygen: Zeolite-A 200 336 1 set Bio-23 O red Double Bond Faujasite 276 462 2 sets Bio-25 Connector white 40 Zeolite-L 324 594 2 sets

Bio-26 white 1 meter Flexible Tube ZSM-5 436 808 4 sets

R1.40Å Oxygen S-30 m O red 144°44’ 100 Ball 144° f

Oxygen S-31 O red 144°44’ 20 Ball 144°

25 HGS Zeolites Molecular Model

Assembled Model

93001 Zeolite-A Assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 93002 Faujasite Assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 320 x 320 x 320 mm see photo in the previous page. 420 x 420 x 420 mm

Item No. Name Color Quantity Item No. Name Color Quantity

Bio-8-91 Silicon, tetrahedral yellow 200 Bio-8-91 Silicon, tetrahedral yellow 276

Bio-16-91 Oxygen, single bond red 224 Bio-16-91 Oxygen, single bond red 231

S-30 Oxygen, ball 144° red 112 S-30 Oxygen, ball 144° red 231

93003 Zeolite-L Assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 93004 Mordenite Assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 380 x 380 x 280 mm 350 x 350 x 300 mm

Item No. Name Color Quantity Item No. Name Color Quantity

Bio-8-91 Silicon, tetrahedral yellow 243 Bio-8-91 Silicon, tetrahedral yellow 240

Bio-8-92 Aluminium, tetrahedral blue 81 Bio-8-92 Aluminium, tetrahedral blue 37

Bio-16-91 Oxygen, single bond red 264 Bio-16-91 Oxygen, single bond red 345

S-30 Oxygen, ball 144° red 330 Bio-22 Oxygen:Linear red 32

S-30 Oxygen, ball 144° red 100

93005 ZSM-5 Assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 500 x 250 x 400 mm see photo right

Item No. Name Color Quantity

Bio-8-91 Silicon, tetrahedral yellow 436

Bio-16-91 Oxygen, single bond red 600

S-30 Oxygen, ball 144° red 208

93005 ZSM-5

26 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 4. HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model

HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model Series

Stereochemistry Advanced Set 7000A Stereochemistry Set 4000A Stereochemistry Student Set 4010

As seen in the above figures, the HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Models are suited for constructing molecular skeletons, the scale of the model being 1 Å = 2.0 cm. It is thus very useful for configurational and conformational studies of organic, inorganic, and biochemical molecules. The chair, boat, or envelope inversions of ring structures can be readily performed, strained rings can be constructed without difficulty, and interatomic distance and torsion angle can be measured directly. Particularly the data are important for the analyses of NMR NOE, coupling constants, CD (circular dichroism) exciton chirality, etc. Thus these models are well-suited for stereochemical assignments and discussions. Maruzen provides the recently updated #4000A Standard Set and #7000A Advanced Set. Both contain sufficient carbon atoms, heteroatoms, and three-membered ring units for constructing large and complex molecules. For example, the largest set, #7000A, contains 112 sp3-C atoms, 92 sp2-C atoms, H atoms for H-bond, double bond O atoms for H-bond, halogen atoms, sp3-Si atoms, sp3-P atoms, sp3-S atoms, octahedral metal atoms (bond length, 1.20 Å and 1.40 Å), cyclopropane, aziridine, epoxide, etc. Thus, a wide variety of organic, inorganic, and biochemical molecules can be constructed by these kits. For individual students, there is a compact #4010 set. The #4000A set and #7000A set are therefore indispensable for stereochemical research and discussions with 3D visualization.

Recommendation by Professor Nobuyuki Harada (Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan), Professor Nina Berova (Columbia University, New York), and Professor Koji Nakanishi (Columbia University, New York).

Features

It is featherlight, slim, and flexible, and yet quite durable-ideal not only for research chemists but also for learning students as well. New scale, 1 Å = 2 cm, offers an easy handling and assures the precise estimation of interatomic distances. Conformational changes can be attained easily and smoothly. Yet any specific conformer can be fixed without any special aid. The flexible nature of bonding allows ones to construct four-and five-membered rings using usual units. The model is suitable in the fields of organic chemistry, biochemistry, and inorganic chemistry both for educational and research purposes.

Scale: The newly adopted scale, 1 Å = 2.0cm, makes the model handy and versatile.

Materials and Parts: Made of superb polyacetal resin. More than ten basic units, all color-coded, are available. Special units are also supplied, which include a six-coordinated atom unit and a hydrogen-bond unit.

27 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 1. Tetrahedral sp3 Atoms Item Bond Bond Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius A regular tetrahedral sp3 atom has four bonds ment with the bond angle of 109°28’ as shown in ORG-1 sp3 Carbon 0.77 Å C black 109°28’ the accompanying Table under the column 109°28' heading, “Shape”. Here, two bonds have ORG-2 sp3 Nitrogen 0.77 Å N blue 109°28’ sticks, while the other two have holes. It is easy therefore to connect atoms as exempli- ORG-3 sp3 Oxygen 0.77 Å O red 109°28’ fied in Fig. 1. If necessary, the ORG-20 ORG-4 3 1.05 Å P yellow 109°28’ Connector is useful for connecting two hole- sp Phosphorus bonds as shown for methane (Fig. 1). ORG-20 Connector black

The bond radius of each atom is listed in the Table. Fig. 1

Conformational changes accompany the Ione-pair electrons Ione-pair electrons rotations abound single bonds. If a bond in the model is tight and difficult to rotate, ORG-20 ORG-2 Connector sewing machine oil will facilitate smooth ORG-3 Oxygen Nitrogen rotation. The model parts are resistant to such oil. ORG-1 ORG-17 Carbon Hydrogen

Water H2O Ammonia NH3 Methane CH4

2. Double Bond and Aromatic sp2 Atoms Bond Bond Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius A planar sp2 atom has three bonds with an ment angle of 120° as shown in Shape, where one 2 ORG-5 sp Carbon 0.77 Å C black 120° 120° bond has a stick, while the remaining two 2 have holes. ORG-6 sp Nitrogen 0.77 Å N blue 120° 120° 120° 2 It is easy to construct a benzene ring by ORG-7 sp Oxygen 0.77 Å O red 120° 2 connecting six ORG-5 sp Carbon atoms. trans- ORG-21 Double bond lock parent The C=C double bond is similarly assembled by connecting two ORG-5 sp2 Carbon atoms Fig. 2 Fig.3 as exemplified in Fig. 2. The part ORG-21 double bond lock is useful for preventing the sp2 ORG-7 rotation around the double bond; fit the nub of ORG-17 ORG-16-1 Chlorine Oxygen Hydrogen a bond in the pocket of a double bond lock Cut off (Fig. 2). 120°

ORG-5 The single bond Oxygen atom with angle sp2 Carbon Nippers 120° is necessary for constructing phosphate groups, or hydrogen bonding between purine Org-21 Double bond lock and pyrimidine bases (Fig. 4). To make this atom part, cut one hole-bond of ORG-7 Oxygen atom with nippers or wire cutters. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene Oxygen single bond 120°

28 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model The parts in the accompanying table are Bond Bond Item No. Name Color Angle Shape available as pre-assembled groups. Radius Arrange- ment

ORG-26-1 Cyclobutane black

ORG-26-2 Cyclobutene black

ORG-27 Benzene black

3. sp2 Atoms for Five-Membered Bond Bond Ring Item No. Name Color Angle Shape Radius Arrange- ment

These atom parts have bond angles as 0.60 Å 114° shown in Shape. They deviate from the ORG-8 sp2 Carbon 0.62 Å C black 123° 0.70 Å 123° 123° normal angle of 120°, and are useful for 0.60 Å 114° constructing five-membered rings as 2 ORG-9 sp Nitrogen 0.62 Å N blue 123° 114° exemplified in Fig. 4. Here, the angle of 0.70 Å 123° 123° 114° corresponds to the inner angle of a 0.60 Å 114° five-membered ring. ORG-10 sp2 Oxygen 0.62 Å O red 123° 0.70 Å 123°

Fig. 4 Divalent Oxygen 120°

O6 N6 123° N7 C8 123° 114° 6 C5 C C6 C5 114° N9 G N1 N1 C4 C4 123° C

N3 C2 C2 N3 ORG-8 sp2 Carbon N2 O2

Divalent Oxygen 120°

G-C Base Pair

29 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 4. sp3 Single Bond Atoms Bond Bond Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius ment The part ORG-12 represents a single bond sp3 Oxygen atom with the bond angle of ORG-11 Nitrogen: 109° 0.66 Å N blue 109°28’ 109°28’, which is useful for constructing alcohols and ethers (Fig. 5). The Org-13 ORG-12 Oxygen: 109° 0.66 Å O red 109°28’ Sulfur atom part has bonds with a longer 109°28’ 2 bond radius. ORG-11 is an sp Nitrogen atom ORG-13 Sulfur: 109° 1.04 Å S yellow 109°28’ with the angle 109°28’ that can be used for five-membered hetero-rings like purine bases. Fig. 5

sp3 Carbon

ORG-17 Hydrogen

ORG-12 Oxygen

ORG-20

ORG-12 Oxygen

α-glucose

5. Hydrogen Bond Bond Bond Item Name Arrange- Color Shape No. Radius The ORG-19 Hydrogen atom, a white tube of ment 1.50 Å, is used for H-bonds as shown in Fig. ORG-14 Oxygen H-bonded 0.54 Å O red 6. 0.66 Å

ORG-19 Hydrogen (H-bonded) 1.50 Å H white Oxygen atoms are often linearly hydrogen bonded. In such a case, ORG-14 Oxygen atom linearly H-bonded is useful (Fig. 6). Fig. 6 ORG-19 Hydrogen (H-bond) ORG-9 Amide Nitrogen

N ORG-21 Double bond lock C C

ORG-5 sp2 Carbon O ORG-14 Oxygen (H-bonded)

Amide group

30 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 6. Double bond Oxygen, Halogen, Bond Bond and Hydrogen Atoms Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius ment

These parts are similar in shape but Double bond ORG-15-1 Oxygen 0.62 Å O red represent different distances from the center according to each covalent radius. ORG-15-2 Fluorine 0.62 Å F brown At present, Fluorine and Chlorine are the only Chlorine available halogen atoms with correct bond ORG-16-1 0.99 Å Cl green radii. Parts for Bromine and Iodine are scheduled for future production. ORG-16-2 Bromine (0.99 Å) Br purple

ORG-16-3 Iodine (0.99 Å) I white

Hydrogen ORG-17-1 (hole) 0.33 Å H white

Hydrogen white, ORG-17-2 0.33 Å H (stick) black

7. Octahedral, Trigonal-bipyramidal, Bond Bond and Pentagonal-bipyramidal Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius Metal Atoms ment 90° Metal: trigonal M yellow ORG-18-1 bipyramidal 1.20 Å 120° Two different octahedral metal atoms are available (bond radius 1.20 Å and 1.40 Å), ORG-18-2A Metal: octahedral 1.20 Å M yellow 90° which are selected depending on atomic (1.20 Å) radius. ORG-18-2B Metal: octahedral 1.40 Å M yellow 90° (1.20 Å)

ORG-18-3 Metal: pentagonal 1.40 Å M yellow 90° bipyramidal 72°

8. Three-membered Rings Bond Bond Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius ment Cyclopropane, epoxide, and aziridine rings are available. C Cyclopropane 0.77 Å black 60° ORG-23-1 CC

O ORG-23-2 Epoxide 0.77 Å black 60° CC red

N ORG-23-3 Aziridine 0.77 Å black 60° CC blue

9. Triple Bond Bond Bond Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius An acetylene group made with two sp Carbon ment atoms is available as ORG-24. ORG-24 sp Carbon 0.60Å CC black 180°

10. Bond Puller Bond Bond Item Name Arrange- Color Angle Shape No. Radius This is useful when disassembling models. If ment necessary, use pliers. ORG-22 Bond puller

31 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 4000A Standard Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.0 cm

This set is useful for laboratory research. The previous set #4000 was updated; in the new set, important atoms and units for Organic Chemistry such as sp-carbon, sp3-phosphorus, sp3-sulfur, cyclopropane, and epoxide were added.

Item No. Name Shape Color Quantity

ORG-17 Hydrogen white 80

ORG-19 Hydrogen (for H-bond) white 5

ORG-1 sp 3 Carbon black 50

ORG-5 sp 2 Carbon black 24

ORG-24 sp Carbon black 4

ORG-2 sp 3 Nitrogen blue 6

2 ORG-6 sp Nitrogen blue 5

ORG-12 Single bond Oxygen red 15

ORG-15-1 Double bond Oxygen red 6

ORG-14 Double bond Oxygen (H-bonded) red 5

ORG-4 sp 3 Phosphorus yellow 2

ORG-4-1 sp 3 Sulfur pink 2

ORG-16 Chlorine green 4

ORG-18-2A-1 Octahedral Metal (bond length 1.20 Å ) gray 2

ORG-23-1 Cyclopropane black 1 ORG-23-2 Epoxide red / black 1

ORG-20 Connector black 60

ORG-21 Double bond lock transparent 15

ORG-22 Bond puller black 1 Tweezers 1

32 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model 4010 Student Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.0 cm

Item No. Name Shape Color Quantity

ORG-17-1 Hydrogen white 30

ORG-1 sp3 Carbon black 25

ORG-5 sp2 Carbon black 12

ORG-24 sp Carbon black 2

ORG-2 sp3 Nitrogen blue 3

ORG-9-1 Amide Nitrogen blue 2

ORG-12 Single bond Oxygen red 12

ORG-15-1 Double bond Oxygen red 3

ORG-20 Connector black 25

ORG-21 Double bond lock transparent 3

ORG-22 Bond puller black 1

33 HGS Stereochemistry Molecular Model

7000A Advanced Set un-assembled 1 Å = 2.0 cm

This is the largest set of stereochemistry molecular model and very useful in the various ﬁelds of chemistry. The previous set #7000 was updated and simpliﬁed to be well-suited for various organic, inorganic, and biochemical molecules. In the new set, sp3-silicon and sp3-sulfur atoms were added.

Item No. Name Shape Color Qty. Item No. Name Shape Color Qty.

ORG-17 Hydrogen white 85 ORG-4 sp3 Phosphorus yellow 4

Hydrogen ORG-17-2 white / black 80 ORG-4-1 sp3 Sulfur pink 4 (with connector)

Hydrogen ORG-19 white 5 ORG-16 Chlorine green 5 (for H-bond)

ORG-1 sp3 Carbon black 112 ORG-16-2 Bromine purple 5

5 ORG-5 sp2 Carbon black 92 ORG-16-3 Iodine white

Octahedral Metal ORG-24 sp Carbon black 10 ORG-12-2A-1 gray 1 (bond length 1.20 Å)

Octahedral Metal 3 ORG-2 sp Nitrogen blue 18 ORG-18-2B-1 (bond length 1.40 Å ) gray 1

ORG-6 sp2 Nitrogen blue 15 ORG-23-1 Cyclopropane black 2

ORG-12 Single bond Oxygen red 30 ORG-23-3 Aziridine blue / black 2

ORG-15-1 Double bond Oxygen red 27 ORG-23-2 Epoxide red / black 3

Double bond Oxygen ORG-14 red 5 ORG-20 Connector black 75 (H-bonded)

ORG-15-2 Fluorine brown 6 ORG-21 Double bond lock transparent 20

ORG-4-2 sp3 Silicon yellowish 4 ORG-22 Bond puller black 5 green

Tweezers 1

34 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model 5. HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Features This is a newly devised molecular model, low in cost, easy to assemble, portable, miniature in size, and precisely designed to comply with requirements of various fields of research and education in the life sciences.

Scale: 1 Å = 1.0 cm

Parts: It is easily assembled and accurate. Important biochemical groups are assembled into units, such as peptide bonding units, ribose and deoxyribose ring units, etc. These groups are designed for the easy addition of other parts and units.

Discrimination of atoms: As a general rule, the center of atoms is indicated by small spheres. The various parts are color- coded to aid identification. Each of the models is colored to conform with international practice.

Quality of material: Made of polyacetal resin, light weight and strong, they remain in good condition for long use.

Stand: Special attention and precision processing have been given to the joints so that they can be assembled easily without a supporting stand. But to construct large models like DNA, tRNA, proteins and enzymes, a standing frame or supporter for polypeptides and polynueleotides are available for display. 1 Å = 1.0 cm

HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model has been developed under the direction of Dr. Itaru Watanabe, Professor of Keio University and Dr. Koujiro Iso, Professor of University of Tokyo.

A part of DNA-Z form

35 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model Parts & Units

120° 123° 109°28’ 109°28’ 123° 114° 123° 120° 120° 114° 123°

Bio-11-1 Bio-11-2 Bio-1 Bio-2 Double bond and Bio-5 Bio-6 Bio-8 Bio-9 Trigonal Bio-12-1 Bio-12-2 Tetrahedral-I Bio-3 Bio-4 Aromatic Bio-7 Tetrahedral-II Bio-10 Planar Bio-13-1 Bio-13-2

109°28’ 120°

Bio-14-2 Bio-16 Bio-17 Bio-19 Bio-20 Bio-14-1 Bio-15 Hydrogen Bio-14-3 Bio-14-4 Hydrogen Linear H-Bond Single bond 109° Bio-18 Single bond 120° Bio-21

90°

Connector Bio-25

90°

90° Oxygen Linear H-bond Bio-22 Oxygen Double bond Bio-23 Metal: Bio-24 Flexible tube Bio-26 Octahedral (for non-linear H-bond)

120° 90°

120° 108° 120° 120° 120° 110° 120° 120° 90° 120° 120°

Double bond lock Bio-27 Double bond Bio-28 Double bond unit Bio-29 Metal: Trigonal Bio-30 unit for purine for benzene bipyramidal 90° 72° 72° Amino acid backbone / 72° Peptide bond / Hydrogen bond Monocolored 90° C black C N 72° N 72° blue Double bond Bio-101-2 orange lock Bio-101-3 pink

Metal: Pentagonal Bio-31 Bio-101-4 sky blue bipyramidal N, C: seprarable Bio-101-1 N, C: fused, planar Bio-101-5 green

Amino acid backbone / Peptide bond / No H-bond C black C Monocolored N N blue Double bond Bio-102-2 orange lock Bio-102-3 pink Bio-102-4 sky blue N, C: seprarable Bio-102-1 N, C: fused, planar Bio-102-5 green

36 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model For modeling

Asp 5

Indication plate Bio-301 Number plate Bio-302 Clamp Bio-401-1 Clamp rod Bio-402 Clamp Bio-401-2 (rigid) (swivel-joint)

Asp Asp Glu Glu Glu Tyr Asn Asn Asn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Gln Gln Cys Cys Thr Ser Ser Ser His 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 His His Lys Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Trp 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Trp Gly Gly Gly Ala Phe Phe Phe Pro 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Met Val Val Leu Leu lleu lleu lleu lleu 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Polyhedral ball Bio-403

Bio-404 Name label Bio-303 Number label Bio-304 Supporter unit Frame rod Bio-405

Arm Bio-531~536 Base plate Bio-501~507 Theta(θ) Bio-521 Bio-522 Shaft Bio-511~518 Guarded spacer Bio-523 Spacer Bio-541~552 Spacer arm Bio-561

Bio-571 Bio-573 Bio-572 Bio-571 Bio-541 Bio-573 Shaft/Holder Bio-572 Bio-514-9 Bio-514-12 Arm Bio-514-6 Bio-534 Bio-514-8 Bio-514-11 Bio-511/518 Bio-531 Bio-561 Bio-514-5 Bio-535 Bio-514-4 Spacer Bio-514-13 Bio-542/552 Bio-547 Bio-514-3 Bio-548 Bio-546 θ Bio-531/536 Bio-545 Guarded 14 degr. Bio-521 Bio-531/536 spacer Bio-522 Bio-523 Bio-504

Bio-572 Bio-572 Bio-573 Bio-573 Bio-574 Bio-574

Stand unit Bio-701~703 Stand unit tRNA Bio-704 Disply case cover Bio-751~757 Bio-705~706 (Semi knocked down supply) (Knocked down supply) (knocked down supply)

Bio-721~723 Supporter unit (Knocked down supply)

37 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Standard Parts (when ordering, quote item No.)

Bond Parts Bond Parts Item No. Name Arrange- Color Item No. code Name Arrange- Color code ment ment Bio-1 bC 4 Carbon tetrahedral-I C black Bio-15 bH 2 Hydrogen H white linear hydrogen bond Bio-2 bN 4 Nitrogen tetrahedral-I N blue Bio-16 bO 2 Oxygen single bond 109° O red Bio-3 bO 4 Oxygen tetrahedral-I O red b 2 Bio-4 bP 4 Phosphorus tetrahedral-I P yellow Bio-17 N Nitrogen 109° N blue Bio-4-1 bS 4 Sulfur tetrahedral-I S pink Bio-19 bO 2f Oxygen single bond 120° O red Bio-5 bC 3 Carbon aromatic-6(5) C black Bio-20 bN 2f Nitrogen 120° N blue Bio-6 bN 3 Nitrogen aromatic-6(5) N blue Bio-22 bO ℓ Oxygen O red linear hydrogen bond Bio-7 bO 3 Oxygen aromatic-6(5) O red Bio-23 bO Oxygen double bond O red Bio-8 bC 4f Carbon tetrahedral-II C black Bio-9 bN 4f Nitrogen tetrahedral-II N blue Bio-24 bM 6 Metal octahedral M red Bio-10 bO 4f Oxygen tetrahedral-II O red trance- Bio-25 bJ Connector 1 meter parent Bio-11-1 bC 3a Carbon planar-I C black Bio-11-2 bC 3a Carbon planar-II C black Bio-26 Flexible tube (for non-linear H -bond) Bio-12-1 bN 3a Nitrogen amide-I N blue Bio-27 Double bond lock (C)=(C) gray Bio-12-2 bN 3a Nitrogen amide-II N blue Double bond unit C 2 Bio-28 = black Bio-13-1 bO 3a Oxygen sp -I O red for purine C Bio-13-2 bO 3a Oxygen sp2-II O red Bio-29 Double bond unit C = C gray for benzene Bio-14-1 bH Hydrogen H white Bio-14-2 bH Hydrogen H pink Bio-30 bM 5 Metal: trigonal bipyramidal M red Bio-14-3 bH Hydrogen H sky blue Bio-31 bM 7 Metal: pentagonal M red Bio-14-4 bH Hydrogen H green bipyramidal

Bond ItemNo. Parts Name Arrange- Color Use code ment Amino acid backbone Bio-101-1 blue N Main Chain for α, β structure black HH C HH (Bio-101-1~101-5) Bio-101-2 Amino acid backbone orange N=C NC C N CC Bio-101-3 Amino acid backbone pink N=C (A) Bio-101-4 Amino acid backbone O (R) sky blue N=C O Bio-101-5 Amino acid backbone green N=C See page 35. Bio-102-1 Amino acid backbone blue N black C HH Main Chain Bio-102-2 Amino acid backbone orange N=C (Bio-102-1~102-5) HH N C C Bio-102-3 Amino acid backbone pink N=C NC C (A) Bio-102-4 Amino acid backbone sky blue N=C O O (R) Bio-102-5 Amino acid backbone green N=C Bio-103 Asp (D) Aspartic acid side chain Bio-104 Glu (E) Glutamic acid side chain Bio-105 Tyr (Y) Tyrosine side chain Bio-106 Asn (N) Asparagine side chain Bio-107 Gln (Q) Glutamin side chain Bio-108 Cys (C) Cysteine side chain Bio-109 Thr (T) Threonine side chain Bio-110 Ser (S) Serine side chain Carbon atoms in the side chains Side chain are colored in gray for discrimi- C Bio-111 His (H) Hitidine side chain (B) (Bio-103~122) Bio-112 Lys (K) Lysine side chain nation from those in black in the Bio-113 Arg (R) Arginine side chain main chains. Bio-114 Trp (W) Tryprophan side chain C Bio-115 Gly (G) Glycine side chain (G) Bio-116 Ala (A) Alanine side chain Bio-117 Phe (F) Phenylalanine side chain Bio-118 Pro (P) Proline side chain Bio-119 Met (M) Methionine side chain Bio-120 Val (V) Valine side chain Bio-121 Leu (L) Leucuine side chain Bio-122 Ile (I) Isoleucine side chain

38 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Standard Parts (when ordering, quote item No.)

Parts Item No. code Name Use Size Color

Bio-123 Heme Bio-124 Benzene ring Bio-201 Bio-125 Acetyle Bio-201 P03 Phosphate group Bio-202 R Ribose Bio-203 dR Deoxyribose C(5’) O Bio-203 Bio-204 A Adenine C(1’) Bio-205 T Thymine C(4’) C(2’) Bio-206 G Guanine C(3’) Bio-207 C Cytosine Bio-208 U Uracil Bio-209 ψ u Pseudo Uracil Bio-210 Bio-210 A-T A-T Pair Bio-211 G-C G-C Pair Bio-212 TAT TAT Pair Bio-213 CGC CGC Pair Bio-214 AAT AAT Pair Bio-215 GGC GGC Pair Bio-216 A-U A-U Pair Bio-221 Alpha-glucose

Asp Asp Glu Glu Glu Tyr Tyr Asn Asn Asn Bio-222 Beta-glucose Gln Gln Cys Cys Thr Thr Ser Ser Ser His His His Lys Lys Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Trp Bio-303 Trp Gly Gly Gly Ala Ala Phe Phe Phe Pro Bio-301 Indication plate for amino acid side chain transparent Met Val Val Leu Leu Leu lleu lleu lleu lleu Bio-301 Bio-302 Number plate for amino acid or nucleic acid white 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bio-303 Name label for amino acid side chain 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Bio-304 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Bio-304 Number label for amino acid residue & Bio-302 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 nucleic acid (Available: 1~50, 51~100, 101~150, 151~200,…….451~500) Bio-305 Name label for nucleic acid base Clamp (rigid) Bio-401-1 light blue Bio-401-1 Bio-402 Bio-401-2 Bio-401-2 Clamp (swivel-joint) white Bio-402 Clamp rod Bio-403 Bio-403 Polyhedral ball Bio-404 Frame rod 250 mm Bio-404~405 Bio-405 Frame rod 300 mm Bio-501-1 Base plate A, Double helices RNA 275 x 275 mm Bio-501~503 Bio-501-2 Base plate Glucan, Triple helices DNA 300 x 300 mm Bio-502 Base plate B 250 x 250 mm Bio-504 Bio-503 Base plate Z 250 x 250 mm Bio-504 Base plate tRNA 400 x 780 mm Bio-505 Base plate 530 x 430 mm Bio-505~507 Bio-506 Base plate 530 x 530 mm Bio-507 Base plate 630 x 630 mm

39 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Standard Parts (when ordering, quote item No.)

Parts Item No. code Name Use Size Color

Bio-511 Shaft A 530 mm Bio-511~518 Bio-512 Shaft B 600 mm Bio-513 Shaft Z 760 mm Bio-514-3 Shaft tRNA-Ac 300 mm Bio-514-5 Shaft tRNA-D 325 mm Bio-514-8 Shaft tRNA-T 250 mm Bio-514-9 Shaft tRNA-A 460 mm Bio-514-11 tRNA Support shaft (Front) 620 mm Bio-514-13 tRNA Support shaft (Rear) 595 mm Bio-514-4 Support holder Ac-D Bio-514-6 Support holder A-T Bio-514-12 Support shaft holder Bio-515 Shaft Double helices RNA 575 mm Bio-516 Shaft DNA 30 1110 mm

Bio-517 Shaft B-D glucan 476 mm Bio-521~523 Bio-518 Shaft Triple helices DNA 685 mm Bio-521 Guarded spacer DNA Bio-522 Guarded spacer tRNA Main shaft Bio-523 Guarded spacer tRNA Support shaft Bio-531 Arm A DNA, tRNA-D Bio-531~536 Bio-532 Arm B DNA Bio-533 Arm Z DNA Bio-534 Arm tRNA-A, tRNA-T, Double helices RNA Bio-535 Arm tRNA-Ac Bio-536 Arm Triple helices DNA 28 - 7° Bio-541 Spacer 50.0mm Bio-541~522 Bio-542 Spacer 19.5mm θ 32.73° DNA-A, B-D glucan Theta(θ) Bio-543 Spacer 28.0mm θ 36° DNA-B Bio-544 Spacer 31.2mm θ –30° DNA-Z Bio-545 Spacer 17.6mm θ 35.8° tRNA-D Bio-546 Spacer 20.8mm θ 32.6° tRNA-Ac Bio-547 Spacer 21.6mm θ 31.1° tRNA-T Bio-548 Spacer 19.1mm θ 33.6° tRNA-A Bio-549 Spacer 22.2mm θ 32.73° Double helices RNA Bio-561 Bio-550 Spacer 26.6mm θ 30° Triple helices DNA Bio-551 Spacer 28.0mm θ 17.5° DNA-B Bio-552 Spacer 28.0mm θ 54.5° DNA-B Bio-561 Spacer arm 9.85 B-D glucan Bio-571 Hexagon cap nut Bio-571 Bio-573 Bio-572 Plain washer Bio-573 Spring lock washer Bio-572 Bio-574 Bio-574 Hexagon nut

40 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Standard Parts (when ordering, quote item No.)

Item No. Name Use Size Color

Bio-701 Stand unit A DNA (Bio-501~574) 275 x 275 x 560 mm Bio-702 Stand unit B DNA (Bio-501~574) 250 x 250 x 630 mm Bio-703 Stand unit Z DNA (Bio-501~574) 250 x 250 x 790 mm Bio-704 Stand unit tRNA(Bio-501~574) 400 x 780 x 840 mm Bio-701~703 Bio-704 Bio-705 Stand unit Double helices (Bio 501~574) 275 x 275 x 610 mm Bio-705~707 Bio-706 Stand unit Triple helices (Bio 501~574) 300 x 300 x 700 mm Bio-707 Stand unit B-D glucan (Bio 501~574) 300 x 300 x 500 mm Bio-721 Supporter unit Protein (Bio 401~405) 500 x 400 x 400 mm Bio-722 Supporter unit Protein (Bio 401~405) 500 x 500 x 500 mm Bio-723 Supporter unit Protein (Bio 401~405) 600 x 600 x 600 mm Bio-751 Display case cover A DNA 275 x 275 x 560 mm Bio-752 Display case cover B DNA 250 x 250 x 630 mm Bio-753 Display case cover Z DNA 250 x 250 x 790 mm Bio-754 Display case cover tRNA 400 x 780 x 840 mm Bio-755 Display case cover Protein model 530 x 430 x 430 mm Bio-721~723 Bio-751~757 Bio-756 Display case cover Protein model 530 x 530 x 530 mm Bio-757 Display case cover Protein model 630 x 630 x 630 mm * Plastic display case cover in any size is also available if needed.

Standard Model Set

Quantity 5001 Protein and Nucleic Acid Set Item No. Name 5001 5002 un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm Bio-1 Carbon, tetrahedral 20 20 This set is composed of enough parts for 100 amino acid Bio-5 Carbon, aromatic-6(5) 10 residues to construct α-helix and β-sheets (e.g. parallel or Bio-12-1 Nitrogen, amide-I 10 antiparallel β-pleated sheets). Also included are 15 nucleotide Bio-14-1 Hydrogen 60 80 pairs consisting of adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine Bio-16 Oxygen, single bond 109° 30 10 pairs, the component elements of DNA, and additional pieces Bio-18 Sulfur, single bond 109° 10 for constructing RNA. It is useful for research and education on Bio-20 Nitrogen, 120° 20 proteins, enzymes and nucleic acids. Plates (name and Bio-23 20 60 residue number) to show the amino acid side chain groups on Oxygen, double bond the peptide backbone are included. Bio-101-1 Amino acid backbone (α, β) 100 130 Bio-102-1 Amino acid backbone 30 5002 Protein Set un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm Bio-111 Histidine side chain 3 Bio-123 Heme 1 This set is composed of 160 amino acid residue units: 130 Bio-124 Benzene ring 2 2 hydrogen-bonded amino acid backbones and 30 free amino Bio-201 Phosphate group 30 acid backbones. Lysozyme (129 residues), ribonuclease (124 Bio-203 30 residues), myoglobin (154 residues) and cytochrome C (103 Deoxyribose residues) can be constructed. Equivalent numbers of indicat- Bio-210 Adenine-thymine pair 7 ing plates and labels for amino acid side chain are included. In Bio-211 Guanine-Cytosine pair 8 this set, frame parts to support the model are included. Bio-301 Indication plate 100 160 Supplementary parts for assembling a few side chains are Bio-302 Number plate f/amino acid or nucleic acid 100 160 included in the set. Bio-303 Name label (Ala, Gly etc) 2 5 Bio-304 Number label 1-100 1-200 Bio-401-1 Clamp Lt-blue (Rigid) 40 Bio-401-2 Clamp White (Swivel-joint) 40 Bio-402 Clamp rod 30 Bio-403 Polyhedral ball 26 Bio-404 Frame rod 250 mm 48 Lysozyme & substrate Bio-405 Frame rod 300 mm 4 Size:500 x 500 x 500 mm appearance after assembled Nylon fishing line 3 m 1

41 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

5003, 5004, 5005 DNA set (Vinyl case, photo) un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 5008 Double helix RNA (Paper box) un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm 5009 Triple helix DNA (Paper box) un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm

DNA sets (5003, 5004, 5005) are composed of a sufficient number of base pairs of adenine-tymine and guanine-cytosine to construct a double stranded DNA model for one and a half turns of the helix (17 pairs for A form DNA, 15 pairs for B form DNA, or 18 pairs for Z form DNA). Double helix RNA and triple helix DNA are composed of 17A-U, G-C base pairs and 18 TAT, CGC, AAT, GGC base pairs respectively. Supporting stand is included. (Plastic display case is not included in the sets).

5003 DNA-A-Set 5004 DNA-B-Set 5005 DNA-Z-Set 5009 Triple Helix DNA Set

275 x 275 x 560 mm 250 x 250 x 630 mm 250 x 250 x 790 mm 300 x 300 x 700 mm appearance after assembled appearance after assembled appearance after assembled appearance after assembled

Quantity Quantity Item No. Name Item No. Name 5003 5004 5005 5008 5009 5003 5004 5005 5008 5009

Bio-201 Phosphate group 34 30 36 34 54 Bio-518 Shaft 685 1

Bio-202 Ribose 34 Bio-521 Guarded spacer 1 1 1 1 1 Bio-203 Deoxyribose 34 30 36 54 Bio-531 Arm A-DNA 17 Bio-210 A-T base pair 8 7 Bio-532 Arm B-DNA 15 Bio-211 G-C base pair 9 8 18 9 Bio-533 Arm Z-DNA 18 Bio-212 TAT base pair 6 Bio-534 Arm 17 Bio-213 CGC base pair 4 Bio-536 Arm 28-7° 18 Bio-214 AAT base pair 4 Bio-541 Spacer 50 1 1 1 1 1 Bio-215 GGC base pair 4 Bio-542 Spacer 19.5 16 Bio-216 A-U base pair 8 Bio-543 Spacer 28 14 Bio-501-1 Base plate 275 1 1 Bio-544 Spacer 31.2 17 Bio-501-2 Base plate 300 1 Bio-549 Spacer 22.2 16 Bio-502 Base plate B 250 1 Bio-550 Spacer 26.6-30° 17 Bio-503 Base plate Z 250 1 Bio-571 Hexagon cap nut Bio-511 Shaft A 530 1 1 1 1 1 1

Bio-512 Shaft B 600 1 Bio-572 Plain washer 2 2 2 2 2

Bio-513 Shaft Z 760 1 Bio-573 Spring lock washer 2 2 2 2 2

Bio-515 Shaft 575 1 Bio-574 Hexagon nut 2 2 2 2 2

42 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Construction examples of triple helix DNA

TAT-CGC triple model

5’ ……CTCTTCTC……3’ 3’ ……GAGA AGAG……5’ 3’ ……CTCTAGAG……5’

TAT-CGC triple model

5’ ……CTTCCCCAC ……3’ 3’ ……GAAGGGGTG ……5’ 3’ ……GAAGGGGTG ……5’

ATT-GGC triplex model incluing TTA, a part of transcription start site of the human c-myc gene1)

1) M.cooney, et al., Science, 1988, 241, 456.

43 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

5006 Phe - tRNA Set un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm (yeast)

Item No. Contents Quantity

Bio-201 Phosphate group 76

Bio-202 Ribose 76

Bio-210 etc. Adenine-thymine base pair etc. 76 Bio-211 etc. Guanine-cytosine base pair etc.

Bio-704 tRNA stand 1 set Phe-tRNA size; 400 x 780 x 840 mm appearance after assembled

5010 Basic Biochemistry Set Bond Quantitiy Item Parts un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm Contents Arrange- Color Angle No. code ment 5010 5000

5000 Biochemistry Set Bio-1 bC 4 Carbon, tetrahedral-I C black 109°28’ 18 40 un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm Bio-2 bN 4 Nitrogen, tetrahedral-I N blue 109°28’ 4

These are economical sets and are also useful Bio-3 bO 4 Oxygen, tetrahedral-I O red 109°28’ 2 for laboratory work and teaching on biochemistry and organic chemistry. Bio-4 bP 4 Phosphorus, tetrahedral-I P yellow 109°28’ 4 With set 5000, you can construct α helix and β Bio-5 bC 3 Carbon, aromatic-6(5) C black 120° 18 20 sheet of twenty peptide backbones and two nucleotide pairs, adenine-thymine and Bio-6 bN 3 Nitrogen, aromatic-6(5) N blue 120° 4 11 guanine-cytosine. Of course, simple organic C black 109°28’ compound can be easily assembled with both Bio-8 bC 4f Carbon, tetrahedral-II 4 6

123° Bio-11-1 bC 3a Carbon, planar-I C black 123° 4 4 5010 Basic Biochemistry Set 114°

123° Bio-12-1 bN 3a Nitrogen, amide-I N blue 123° 3 20 114°

Bio-14-1 bH Hydrogen H white 30 60 Hydrogen, linear Bio-15 bH 2 hydrogen bond H white 20

Bio-16 bO 2 Oxygen, single bond 109° O red 109°28’ 12 12

Bio-17 bN 2 Nitrogen, 109° N blue 109°28’ 2 5000 Biochemistry Set Bio-19 bO 2f Oxygen, single bond 120° O red 120° 7

Bio-20 bN 2f Nitrogen, 120° N blue 120° 2

Oxygen linear bO ℓ Bio-22 hydrogen bond O red 180° 20

Bio-23 bO Oxygen, double bond O red 5 6

Bio-25 bJ Connector white 20 30

44 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model 5030 Organic Chemistry Set un-assembled 1 Å = 1.0 cm

This new set is very useful for organic chemistry course studies and also for laboratory researches, despite its small scale. The set has enough carbon and hetero atoms for assembling large and complex organic molecules such as cholesterol and penicillin G. The set includes also sp-carbon, fluorine, sp3-phosphorus, sp3-sulfur, three-membered ring units (cyclopropane, aziridine, and epoxide), etc.

Item No. Name Shape Color Qty. Item No. Name Shape Color Qty.

double bond Bio-14-1 Hydrogen white 80 Bio-23 red 14 Oxygen

sp 3 Carbon Bio-1 black 50 Bio-4 sp 3 Phosphorus yellow 2 (1 hole)

sp 3 Carbon Bio-8 black 10 Bio-4-1 sp 3 Sulfur pink 2 (2 holes)

Bio-5 sp 2 Carbon black 24 Bio-23-1 Fluorine brown 5

Bio-22-1 sp Carbon black 6 Bio-32 Cyclopropane black 1

Bio-9 sp 3 Nitrogen blue 8 Bio-33 Aziridine blue / black 1

Bio-6 sp 2 Nitrogen blue 8 Bio-34 Epoxide red / black 1

single bond Bio-16 red 20 Bio-25 Connector white 30 Oxygen

A bond puller is included.

45 HGS Biochemistry Molecular Model

Standard Assembled Sets 1 Å = 1.0 cm

Completely built-up and housed in a clear acrylic display case. We welcome inquiry for new combination, addition, and modification. When inquiring, send the coordinates of your proteins.

95000 Myoglobin (sperm whale) 95004 B-DNA 95007 Beta-D-glucan 154 residues Assembled Set 95001 Lysozyme (hen egg) 129 residues Assembled Set

95002 Cytochrome C (tuna) 103 residues Assembled Set

95003 A-DNA 17 base pairs Assembled Set 95004 B-DNA 15 base pairs Assembled Set

95005 Z-DNA 18 base pairs Assembled Set 95006 Phe-tRNA (yeast) 18 base pairs

95007 Beta-D-glucan Assembled Set Display case: 250 x 250 x 630 mm Display case: 300 x 300x 500 mm

95002 Cytochrome C

Bio-101 Amino acid backbone (A,B) - Bio-102 Amino acid backbone 103 Bio-103 Aspartic acid side chain 4 Bio-104 Glutamic acid side chain 5 Bio-105 Tyrosine side chain 5 Bio-106 Asparagine side chain 6 Bio-107 Glutamine side chain 4 Bio-108 Cysteine side chain 2 Bio-109 Threonine side chain 7 Bio-110 Serine side chain 4 Bio-111 Histidine side chain 2 Bio-112 Lysine side chain 16 Bio-113 Arginine side chain 2 Bio-114 Tryptophan side chain 2 Bio-115 Glycine side chain 13 Bio-116 Alanine side chain 7 Bio-117 Phenylalanine side chain 3 Bio-118 Proline side chain 3 Bio-119 Methionine side chain 2 Bio-120 Valine side chain 6 Bio-121 Leucine side chain 6 Bio-122 Isoleucine side chain 4 Bio-123 Heme 1 Bio-125 Acetyl 1

Bio-302 Number plate 103 Bio-304 Number label 1-103 Bio-401 Clamp 27 Bio-403 Polyhedral ball 27 Bio-505 Base plate 530 x 430 1 Bio-755 Case cover 1 Display case: 530 x 430 x 430 mm

46 HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model 6. HGS Polyhedron Molecular Model - Simplified DNA Molecular Models

91101 DNA-10 Assembled show beautiful double helices. Their construction results in robust models that facilitate easy visualiza- 91102 DNA-15 Assembled tion of the key features of DNA secondary structure. These DNA molecular models are thus useful for Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) represents a very students to learn the chemical mechanism of important class of biopolymers, carrying the genetic biological heredity. information of living things. In 1953, J. Watson and F. Crick proposed the double helix structure of B-DNA based on X-ray diffraction data. Maruzen-HGS provides exact DNA models assembled with the biochemistry molecular model set. The 91102 DNA-15 models are highly detailed and suited for undergradu- ate and graduate students to study genetics. The more simplified B-DNA models, DNA-10 and DNA-15, are now available as shown here. The A-T and G-C base pairs are represented with plates, while sugar and phosphate groups are made with plates/polyhedron atoms. DNA-10 and DNA-15 models have 10 and 15 base pairs, respectively, and

91101 DNA-10

47 For further information and the price of models, please visit our website. Website: http://www.maruzen.info/hgs/catalog/ E-mail: [email protected]

Tokyo, Japan