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The Defense Mechanism of the Character Norman Bates in Robert Bloch’S Psycho

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The Defense Mechanism of the Character Norman Bates in Robert Bloch’S Psycho PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THE DEFENSE MECHANISM OF THE CHARACTER NORMAN BATES IN ROBERT BLOCH’S PSYCHO AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By LUVITA FREITAS MARTINS Student Number: 154214121 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2019 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THE DEFENSE MECHANISM OF THE CHARACTER NORMAN BATES IN ROBERT BLOCH’S PSYCHO AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By LUVITA FREITAS MARTINS Student Number: 154214121 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2019 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI “Follow your dream like breaker. Even if it breaks down, don’t ever run backward, never. Because the dawn right before the sun rises is the darkest.” -BTS (방탄소년단) – Tommorow vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI For my beloved parents my beloved brother and my dearest friends viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, my biggest gratitude goes to Jesus Christ for His blessings and guidance throughout my whole life. My biggest gratitude also goes to Mother Mary who always strengthens me to face the hardships. My sincere gratitude goes to my thesis advisor, Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M.Hum. who patiently helps and guides me throughout the making process of this thesis. My gratitude also goes to my co-advisor, Dr. G. Fajar Sasmita Aji, M. Hum. who gives helpful advice and suggestions. I also would like to thank my Academic Advisor Dr. B. Ria Lestari, M. Sc., my former Academic Advisor F. X. Risang Baskara, M. Hum., and all the lecturers in English Letters for sharing and giving the precious knowledge and experiences. My special gratitude goes to my parents and my brother who always support and encourage me in every condition. Thank you for being my biggest motivation to finish this thesis. I also would like to thank my dearest friends geng Halu: Ayu, Bertha, Oriza, Sita, Yudea and Dysa for always supporting me and making my campus life more bearable. Last but not least, I would like to thank all my friends in English Mass Community (EMC) and all the people that are not be mentioned by name here. Thank you for the supports and the togetherness. I am really grateful for everything that you all have done for me. Thank you for making ‘the me’ now. Luvita Freitas Martins ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ............................................................................................ ii APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................. iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ............................................................................ iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ......................................................... v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ................................................................. vi MOTTO PAGE ....................................................................................... vii DEDICATION PAGE ............................................................................ viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................... x ABSTRACT ............................................................................................ xii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 1 A. Background of the Study ................................................................. 1 B. Problem Formulation ....................................................................... 3 C. Objectives of the Study ................................................................... 3 D. Definition of Terms ......................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE.......................................... 5 A. Review of Related Studies ............................................................... 5 B. Review of Related Theories ........................................................... 10 1. Theory of Character and Characterization ............................... 10 2. Theory of Conflict and Core Conflict ...................................... 12 3. Theory of Defense Mechanisms .............................................. 13 C. Theoretical Framework ................................................................. 17 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ....................................................... 18 A. Object of the Study ........................................................................ 19 B. Approach of the Study ................................................................... 20 C. Method of the Study ...................................................................... 21 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS.................................................................... 22 A. The Characteristics of Norman Bates in Psycho ............................. 22 1. Possessive ............................................................................... 23 2. Manipulative........................................................................... 24 3. Meticulous .............................................................................. 26 4. Perverted ................................................................................ 27 5. Murderous .............................................................................. 28 B. The Internal Conflicts of Norman Bates......................................... 30 1. Norman against His Sexual Desire .......................................... 30 2. Norman against His Obsession towards His Mother ................ 31 3. Norman against His Dependency on His Mother ..................... 33 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI C. The Defense Mechanism used by Norman Bates ........................... 34 1. Repression .............................................................................. 34 2. Projection ............................................................................... 35 3. Rationalization ........................................................................ 37 4. Denial ..................................................................................... 38 5. Identification .......................................................................... 39 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION .............................................................. 43 REFERENCES ....................................................................................... 45 APPENDIX ............................................................................................. 47 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT MARTINS, LUVITA FREITAS. (2019). The Defense Mechanism of the Character Norman Bates in Robert Bloch’s Psycho. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. There are a lot of conflicts that one should face throughout his lifetime. In dealing with the conflicts, people often use defense mechanism in order to get rid of the anxiety or fear caused by the conflicts. Defense mechanism is a psychological strategy used to reduce anxiety or even avoid the unacceptable experiences. One of the examples of the defense mechanism is shown by Norman Bates, the main character in the novel Psycho by Robert Bloch. This novel is a story about Norman Bates, a psychopath who has to cope with a lot of conflicts against himself. The objectives of this study are to find the characteristics of Norman Bates described in the story, the internal conflicts that Norman Bates has to face, and the types of defense mechanisms used by Norman Bates to face his conflicts. The theories applied in conducting this study are the theory of character and characterization, the theory of conflict and core conflicts, and theory of defense mechanism. In this study, the researcher applies the psychoanalytic criticism. The method used is library research with primary and secondary sources. The primary source in this study is the novel Psycho by Robert Bloch. The secondary sources are taken from books, essays, journal articles, and internet sources. The researcher has found that Norman Bates has several characteristics namely possessive, manipulative, meticulous, perverted, and murderous. Norman has to deal with internal conflicts. In order to cope with the conflicts between him and his sexual desire, Norman uses repression, projection, and rationalization. Besides, in coping with the conflict between himself and his dependency on his mother, Norman uses denial. Lastly, Norman uses identification in coping with the conflict between himself and his dependency and also his obsession toward his mother. Keywords: defense mechanism, conflict, psycho xii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK MARTINS, LUVITA FREITAS. (2019). The Defense Mechanisms of the Character Norman Bates in Robert Bloch’s Psycho. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Terdapat
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