STOCKBRIDGE-MUNSEE COMMUNITY Band of MOHICANMOHICAN NEWSNEWS The people of the waters that are never still

Vol. XXVII No. 16 N8480 Moh He Con Nuck Road • Bowler, WI 54416 August 15, 2019 “Footprints of Our Ancestors”: Descendants For Stockbridge-Munsee members, Bring Stockbridge Mohican History to Life in return to ancestral homeland ‘very Virtual Tour humbling’ Posted Friday, July 12, 2019 7:09 pm By Clarence Fanto, Eagle correspondent STOCKBRIDGE — For descendants of original settlers, when Stockbridge was known as Indiantown, a periodic return to the Archaeologist Casey Campetti tribal nation’s ancestral homeland uses a metal detector Thursday packs a spiritual and emotional to search an area near the Ice punch. Glen in Stockbridge. Historical The goals this year were to record researchers believe George narrations for an online walking- Washington prepared a ceremonial tour video project organized by ox roast in 1783 in the general area Housatonic Heritage and to keep to honor the Mohican soldiers who tabs on a one-week archaeological fought on the side of the American dig behind Laurel Hill. Revolution. Photo by Ben Garver - A half-dozen members of the The Berkshire Eagle Wisconsin-based Stockbridge- Munsee Community Band of special significance for the tribe. Mohican Indians recorded The video is expected to be online Odessa Arce and Robert Little were among the enrolled members of narration for a video tour of 11 on a new website within a year. the Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians who downtown historic sites with Home continued on page Five: visited Stockbridge, MA, to record a virtual tour of Stockbridge focusing on its Mohican history. Here, they stand next to a monument at the Stockbridge Indian Burial Ground. Photo by Dan Bolognani Stockbridge, MA (July 24, Stockbridge was intended to be 2019) – In 1734, a group of 150 jointly governed by the Mohican Mohicans formed the town of and English colonists. During the Stockbridge, , in Revolutionary War, a large number Mohican territory in what is now of Stockbridge Indians, as the the Upper Housatonic Valley town’s Native residents came to be National Heritage Area. In July known, fought in the Continental 2019, direct descendants of those Army against the British. Despite original residents visited the town that, white colonists dispossessed to record their stories as part of the Stockbridge Indians of their the “Footprints of Our Ancestors” lands by 1783, the same year project to share the Native the war ended. The Stockbridge American history of Stockbridge Indian community was forced to and its continued legacy today. move several more times before eventually settling in Wisconsin, Mohicans are indigenous to the where the headquarters of Hudson and the Stockbridge-Munsee Valleys since time immemorial. Community Band of Mohican During the , as they faced Indians, a federally-recognized increasing colonial pressure, Tribal Nation, remains today. the main body of the Mohican Nation made the difficult decision “Footprints of Our Ancestors” was to accept an English missionary originally developed in 2016 by and live in a fragment of their Bonney Hartley, enrolled member Martin J Welch was elected in the Special Election on July 20, 2019 homelands. Thus “Indiantown,” or of the Stockbridge-Munsee to serve on the Tribal Council until the Regular Election being held on Stockbridge, was formed. Tour continued on page Nine: October 12, 2019.

PRSRT STD In Election News the Caucus is being held on August 17, 2019. Plat- US POSTAGE PAID SHAWANO, WI forms for the Mohican News are due on September 5 at 4:30 pm. Please PERMIT NO. 135 email your platforms at your earliest convenience to mohican.news@ mohican.com and let us know if you need a picture taken. The Primary will be held on September 21 and the regular Election on October 12. What’s Inside? Ads pg 10-11 Elders pg 4 Education pg 8 Health pg 9 Pictures pg 6-7 Voices pg 2-3 MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 2 Red Brethren: The Brothertown and detailed academic approach, the unite as Indians.” idea of “Indian” and “white” races Stockbridge Indians and the Problem of Race was propelled by such upheavals Native people also were made race in Early America. as King Philip’s War of the 1670s, conscious about the black people (Editor’s Note: This is the third records. the religious Great Awakening the Europeans enslaved and review by Terry Shepard. Send of the 1740s, and the American imported. Native and black people a note and let us know if you One of those Europeans, Rhode Revolution. In each, fear, hatred had intermingled to some extent, enjoyed reading these reviews. Island founder Roger Williams, and greed led the Europeans to including having children together, It may prompt Terry to get to wrote (his spelling) in 1643 that the lump together all native people but the English categorized any reading and writing some more). Narragansetts “have often asked as a savage and inferior species mixed-race person as black. This mee why wee call them Indians, they called “Indians.” And as the simultaneously served two English By David J. Silverman Natives, &c.” teaching of English and Christian goals: Increasing the number Cornell University Press (2010), religion spread, those native of available enslaved people 217 pages plus 51 pages of notes The Narragansetts were puzzled people, in return, began to view all and decreasing the number of and nine-page index because, Silverman says, “before Europeans as “whites.” “Indians.” Because there were Available for checkout or purchase Europeans arrived they never some rights conceded to Indians ($35) at the Arvid E. Miller Library had any reason to conceive of “The beliefs that the Creator that they could not afford to lose, and Museum themselves and their aboriginal or different Creators had made coastal tribes being displaced neighbors as a distinct category Indians and whites distinct, and to Oneida territory specifically Reviewed by Terry L. Shepard of humankind.” Like most tribes, that Indians’ attempts to become banned Indians with black blood For the Mohican News they referred to themselves in like whites drew divine punishment from moving with them. their own languages as some form grew in popularity during the European invaders introduced of “the people” with perhaps an mid- to late eighteenth century at Silverman writes at length about many lethal elements to North additional identifying geographic an even faster rate than Indian Samson Occum, the Mohegan America, among them guns, germs characteristic, as in “The people of Christianity,” Silverman writes. who became educated and and steel. And one more deadly the waters that are never still.” a Christian missionary, once plague: the false concept of race – Even those native people who enthusiastic, ultimately despairing. categorizing people based on their Likewise, the native population adopted the European religion, (In a charming aside, he notes complexion. referred to the newly arrived such as many Mohican, did not that Occum’s wife insisted on Europeans not by skin color but as measure up in white eyes. The continuing to wear native dress David J. Silverman, a professor “strangers” or “Dutch” or “English” English refused to give them the and, when her husband spoke of history at George Washington or, based on their previously equal title of “Christians” but rather to her in English, responded in University, describes this process unseen possessions, “knife men” called them “Praying Indians.” Algonquian.) from the 1640s to the 1850s or “coat men.” in “Red Brethren.” In a cleanly Conversion also helped promote The book then covers the native written, scholarly book, he seeks But as it changes so many things, the idea of a single native race people’s crisis in having to choose to present the issue through native conflict – especially in war and because different tribes mingling sides in the . eyes and documents, rather than religion -- changed that. at Christian towns such as The Stockbridge were among the as interpreted by the Europeans Stockbridge and Brothertown minority who sided with the who left the vast majority of the To vastly oversimplify Silverman’s “rallied around their shared faith to Review continued on page Five: Express your thoughts and opinions. Let your voice be heard. STOCKBRIDGE-MUNSEE The Mohican News is published We welcome your letters to the Editor and the Community. COMMUNITY twice monthly by: Band of Mohican Indians Stockbridge-Munsee Community Community Voices PO Box 70 Letters of opinion can be dropped of at Mohican News in the Tribal PUBLISHER: N8480 Moh He Con Nuck Road Offices or can be mailed to: Stockbridge-Munsee Community Bowler, WI 54416 Telephone: 715-793-4389 Mohican News EDITOR: Mohican News welcomes articles, Jeff Vele letters, photographs, and any pub- N8480 Moh He Con Nuck Road lishable items of interest to Native PO Box 70 STAFF REPORTER: Americans. All materials to be re- Bowler, WI 54416 TBD turned should be accompanied by e-mail: [email protected] a return self-addressed envelope Please type your letters or print clearly and include your signature, EDITORIAL BOARD: with sufficient return postage. address, and daytime phone number. Letters must be 500 words or Maggie Bennett A one-year subscription rate is less. All letters are subject to editing and may require confirmation. Misty Cook $12.00 for 24 issues. Send check Some may be rejected due to inappropriate content as deemed by Gregg Duffek or money order to Mohican News. our editorial board. The views of our readers are not necessarily the Jody Hartwig Mohican News is a member of: views of the Mohican News, its staff, or the Stockbridge-Munsee Tribe. NAJA (Native American Journalist Association)

STOCKBRIDGE-MUNSEE COMMUNITY Band of Mohicans SUBSCRIBE TODAY! The voice of the Stockbridge-Munsee Community MOHICAN NEWS 24 issues a year Enrolled Tribal members: FREE Non-enrolled: $12.00 per year

PLEASE CHECK: MAIL TO: NAME □ NEW SUBSCRIBER, EN- Mohican News ROLLED MEMBER ADDRESS PO Box 70 □ NEW SUBSCRIBER, Bowler, WI 54416 CITY STATE ZIP □ NON-ENROLLED MEMBER Voice: 715-793-4389 COMPANY □ RENEWAL Fax: 715-793-1307 □ ADDRESS CHANGE [email protected] MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 3 On Enrollment In a letter to our Tribal President at In the past “factions” divided the time of approving our current Voices our tribe over money, land, and Constitution in 1937, from Field control issues. Now the situation agent, Archie Phinney and included is reoccurring. If we don’t stop the Indian Affairs Superintendent internal strife, we may find our tribe Peru Farver dated 11/17/1939. in a situation we can’t fix and it is Our Council was composing detrimental to future generations. and looking for approval of the Ordinances for support of the Veterans Corner It may be difficult to accept that we constitution, the President had 203 W. Main St are a tribe composed of several been advised to not exclude other Bowler, WI. 54416 recognized tribes and people; why Indians because other tribes were does it matter so much to those not excluding Indians who lived Gregg W. Duffek, Factions that continue to work among them. This letter warned of at dividing our tribe? Secrets? future problems for our community. Tribal Veterans Service Families not being treated fairly? Officer What? What is it? If tribal people Up to the 1937 Constitution and Office: 715-793-4036 don’t stand together then we will the approving of Chapter 44 fall apart. Isn’t that what the federal Membership Ordinance in 1940, gregg.duffek@mohican- government wants? For tribes to all listed on tribal rolls were to be nsn.gov 715-793-4036 disappear into the melting pot. treated the same. To be allotted land, receive annuity payments, The Indian Wars didn’t get rid of and to share in pro-rata all that was the Indian problem. Education tribal. But because of the ‘factions’ didn’t stop us. But paper genocide within the tribe, the government will and is. And now the issue of had to request a roll be done to Hiring Native Veterans! who is a member and who belongs include all the aforementioned and what’s going to happen if our parties to be on one tribal roll. tribal enrollment expands? Well what happens if it doesn’t? Our tribal people at the time deemed it necessary to go As Tribal people (as human backwards and assign varying beings) is it not our responsibility blood quantum on families based to leave this world in a better place on the mixture of different tribal for future generations? What people who travelled here with future generations? We keep us. When in fact, the Constitution dividing ourselves, as was done in and Chapter 44, both state it is the past with the Indian Party, the descendants who need to prove Citizen Party (both old and new), 1/4 SM blood. Which brings up and the Outsider Party. more questions: What constitutes Great pay These categories came about SM blood? Why did those enrolled Flexible hours because of emigration east to given a blood degree? Prior to Weekly pay west forced on tribes by the 1937, all were the same, no blood Paid training government. Along the way our degree. tribe included other recognized tribes. We are composed of these Alphia M. Creapeau, Ph.D other nations. Thank You from Deb Come Celebrate with us I would like to thank the Tribal employees for their Church of the friendship. Thank you for your kind thoughts Wilderness and gift of money. Your For sale $118,000 to Tribal member only thoughtfulness will Friends’ Day always be remembered. I would like to thank you Sunday August 25th for the gifts, and lunches and a lot of good laughs. 10:00 Service I would also like to thank 11:30 Potluck Meal the Tribal Council for the Pendleton blanket. Your kindness will always be Everyone is welcome Stick built included remembered. Thank you to join us for special 3 Bedrooms Tile floors so much. I am enjoying music, great food and 3 Bathrooms 1,340 sq ft ground retirement and will see wonderful fellowship. (1-Handicap accesible) level with full finished you around at community Central heat and air basement with lift chair activities. Sun room You are invited (but 2-Car garage Pat Bailey W13234 not required) to bring Out building River Road Your friend, a dish to pass. Debbie John Laundry room with (715) 793-4157 washer and dryer (715) 216-0803 (Call or Text) MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 4 Elders

On the Trail Home

Delgado.

“Big Mama” of Jennifer (Charles), Michael, Nicholas and Marina. Great grandmother of Skylar, Nico, Quintin, Charles and Judith.

Dear sister of the late Judy, the late Lawrence (Jane), and the late Mitchell Elm, the late Valerie (Late Elias) Vallejo, Ivan (Tess), Richard (Carol), Raymond, Jeffery, Mary, Howard and Frances (Sonny) Elm. Services were held for family and friends on July 12, 2019 at Church and Chapel Funeral Home in New Berlin, Wisconsin.

“She was a kind yet mighty Okeemaquay contributor to the lives fortunate “Honorable Lady” enough to know her. An authentic voice of meaning and timeless Patsy Joan Delgado, of St. Francis, wisdom to the many communities walked on Sunday, July 7, 2019 she touched. An advocate for the at the age of 83. Born in Tomah, aging, an activist for human rights, Wisconsin on January 3, 1936 to a spokesperson for native ways, Bertha and Mitchell Elm. Patsy’s life will leave more than ripples in a pond where a gentle Preceded in death by her loving pebble has made its presence husband, Robert and her cherished known…” daughter, Dolores “Lola” Delgado. Review cont from page Two: women and girls, her defense of Loving mother of Judy, Rebeca, Our lives have been blessed for Americans against the British, and keeping Mohican lands and her Elizabeth “BB” and Robert having known Patsy Delgado. they fought valiantly, losing 40 men role in managing the move to out of a tribal population of 300, as Wisconsin. well as vast amounts of land. Culturally – in religion, lifestyle After the war, however, “the most and, by now, even language – the foreboding sign of all was the Christian Mohican and Brotherton widespread American insistence had much more in common with that Indians as a whole had fought the English who had displaced against them during the Revolution, them than with the Menominee and with unrestrained barbarity and Ho-Chunk of Wisconsin. at that. They conveniently forgot The European concept of race, the contributions and sacrifices of however, trumped all. the Oneidas, Stockbridges, and coastal tribes to the American “Herein lay the Christian Indians’ cause. It followed that whites paradoxical dilemma,” Silverman also refused to acknowledge the writes. “Over and over again, moral debt the nation owed these their inability to convince whites people. Instead, the call went to brook their presence showed up that Indians as a race were that whites wanted them gone bloodthirsty savages inimical to simply because they were Indians, the very principles for which the leading them to conclude that their Revolution had been fought.” best hope for prosperity and quiet rested not among their Christian The natives loyal to the American brethren but among pagans from side “soon discovered there was the continental interior, whom they no winning for Indians, whatever began to call their ‘red brethren.’” sacrifices they made.” Not surprisingly, the Menominees The book goes on to discuss and Ho-Chunks did not take kindly Stockbridgers› many trails, first to the Christianized and educated to Oneida territory, then through newcomers on their turf, and Indiana and to Wisconsin. It Silverman details their attempts to includes a salute to Mary Doxtater, oust or limit the Stockbridge and citing her promotion of education Brotherton. He covers John W. and training for Stockbridge Review cont on page Fourteen: MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 5 Home cont from page One: it was near the home of King Solo- was a very, very moving feeling.” English families, a total of 384 A history seminar with a public mon. The archaeological dig was Even more so when he realized of 23,040 acres, with the rest walking tour was held in May 2018 paid for by a $20,000 grant from that King Solomon’s homestead designated as communal land for with nearly 30 tribal members, the Cultural Research Fund, which was nearby so he could “con- the Housatannuck tribe, including including descendants of the first supports tribal and state cultural or nect the vision and feeling I had Chief Popewannehah “John” settlers, attending. historic preservation projects. 13 years ago to an actual person, Konkapot, the town’s original The visit helped JoAnn Schedler, Archaeologist Casey Campetti, who I could see fishing there 300 settler, Chief Umpachenee, a direct descendant of Chief who grew up in Stockbridge, is years ago.” Chief Aupaumut and others. The Popewannehah “John” Konkapot, with New Jersey-based AECOM Wilcox, the former chief, said tribe then became known as the understand his extensive land Burlington, a heritage preserva- “history is in my DNA” and noted “Stockbridge Indians” but within holdings and the ouster of the tion firm. that his grandmother, a Bidwell a few years, more European Mohicans from their homelands 50 She explained that the one-time descendant, was curator of the colonists arrived. years after European colonists led dig’s results at the restricted site, Stockbridge Library’s Historical 1783-early 1800s: Colonists by John Sergeant arrived. to be confirmed in lab tests, include Room from 1938 to 1968. His Wil- force the tribe to move westward, “Every time I come back here, artifacts, like nails and household cox ancestors, going back seven first to Oneida, N.Y., where it it looks so familiar, and it always debris, from the mid- to late 18th generations, bought the land that’s renamed a settlement there as feels very spiritual and important century associated with a struc- now Chesterwood from the tribe New Stockbridge. Then, the tribe that our ancestors were here,” she ture that would have belonged to at “what I’d like to think was a fair headed to Indiana’s White River said. a native American chief. price” of 70 pounds silver for 100 Valley, where land it had been Schedler credited retired A formal research report will be acres — about $15,000 in today’s promised turned out to already be Stockbridge Police Chief Rick prepared this summer. A permit dollars. occupied by white families. Wilcox for “awesome research from the Massachusetts Histori- In retirement, he jumped into his- 1822: The tribe finally thought connecting names and different cal Commission was required by torical research, making connec- it had found a new base, at sites.” state law for the study on the town- tions through deeds and docu- Lake Winnebago in Wisconsin, Diane Burr, a first-time visitor to owned land. ments “to flesh out what was go- a settlement it also renamed her ancestors’ homelands, called “It’s a challenge, since part of the ing on here in the 18th century. It’s Stockbridge, but after losing that it “very emotional for me, walking research is how likely is it that like a rediscovery of information, land, most of the members moved their steps, and I’ve learned a lot. I something happened here at some and now a strong connection with to their current home within the can’t wait to dig deeper.” point,” Campetti said. “And what’s members of the Stockbridge Mun- Menominee Nation in northern As a direct descendant of happened since that time that see Community to recapture a lost Wisconsin, where the Stockbridge- Sachem (Chief) King Solomon gives us pause, such as construc- history. The relationships really Munsee Mohican Nation was Uhhaunauwaunmut, she was tion of the [Housatonic] Railroad help when you make a discovery formed by treaty in 1856. escorted by Wilcox to his presumed and the former trolley line, which is and you can share it; it’s a feel- Today: There are about 1,500 property along the Housatonic now a path, and flooding.” Based good experience to be able to do members in the federally River. on Wilcox’s research, “we’re out that.” recognized tribe of blended “This was my first time being here,” here ground-truthing,” she added. He credited the Stockbridge Golf Mohican and Munsee natives, said Odessa Arce. “I was really Computerized lab studies of high- Club for volunteering to keep the who are both Algonquians. shocked and wasn’t sure what to resolution GPS points in the area adjacent burial grounds mowed They are governed by a seven- expect. I was really surprised how might indicate spatial patterns, weekly and cleaned up twice a member Tribal Council elected much was left here, even after 300 Campetti predicted, adding, “Who year. by the community on a 25,000- years. I didn’t realize this was here knows what might come of it?” A As the key supporter of the filmed acre reservation in the towns of for us to come back to.” summary is expected during a walking tour, Dan Bolognani, ex- Bartelme and Red Springs, Wis. On his second visit, Robert Little, a community presentation at the ecutive director of Housatonic The tribe operates the North Star Marine veteran and a commander Stockbridge Library, likely in Oc- Heritage, noted that area resi- Mohican Resort and Casino in in the Mohican Veterans tober. dents who had bits and pieces of Bowler, Shawano County. organization, found it a “very The group’s walking-tour itinerary Native American history in their Sources: Bonney Hartley, tribal humbling” experience to retrace included Chief Konkapot’s land collections helped start the project historic preservation officer; Rick his ancestors’ steps, picturing on what is now 47 Main St.; the five years ago. Wilcox, local historian. how they were forced out of their former farm of community leader “I believe that the history of the Reprinted with permission of the homeland in 1783. and vet- Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mo- Berkshire Eagle “It touches my heart,” he said. eran Captain Naunauphtank, now hican Indians is the history of the The archaeological dig, which 30 Main St.; the 1773 tavern and Berkshires,” he told The Eagle by concluded Friday, has been held stagecoach stop that became the email. “It’s a truly significant story in the vicinity of the Ice Glen Red Lion Inn, where Revolutionary to be told, and the approach that near the river, said Tribal Historic War soldiers, including Mohican was taken — creating and narrat- Preservation Officer Bonney men, met; the Town Offices built ing the story in the Native Ameri- Hartley. on Indian-owned land; tribal land can voice — is of foremost con- In the general area, historical now housing the Stockbridge Li- cern. An informed, educated and researchers believe George brary and Archives; as well as the thoughtful approach is our goal, Washington prepared a Old Corner House, the town cem- and the Upper Housatonic Valley ceremonial ox roast in 1783 to etery on Main Street and burial National Heritage Area is pleased honor the Mohican soldiers who grounds just west of the Congre- to continue to sponsor the project.” fought on the side of the American gational Church. Clarence Fanto can be contacted Revolution. Terrie Terrio, now the elected tribal at [email protected], on Twitter According to a signed document in council [Treasurer] who first visited @BE_cfanto or at 413-637-2551. the Stockbridge Library Museum Stockbridge 15 years ago, felt a Tribal timeline and Archives, just two months connection. “I had the feeling that 1734: The 125-member Mohican Members of the Wisconsin-based after the feast, the Mohican tribe’s I was here before, so I was very tribe arrives at Indiantown (later, Stockbridge-Munsee Community chiefs were forced to move the keen on getting back here.” Stockbridge) from its ancestral Band of Mohican Indians community to Oneida tribal lands She was especially intrigued by the homelands in New York’s Upper periodically return to Stockbridge in western New York, later settling burial site as well as the Town Of- Hudson Valley. to reconnect with their ancestral at a reservation in Wisconsin, fices with the bust of Chief Konka- 1736: John Sergeant, a European homeland. The goals this year where they joined the recently pot in front. She also thanked Wil- settler, creates a mission house to were to record narrations for an established Munsee Nation by cox and others for “looking out for promote Christianity. online walking-tour video project treaty in 1856. our sites so we have someplace to 1737: A land grant signed by organized by Housatonic Heritage “It was like this grand thank-you come back to.” and to keep tabs on a one-week from the highest leader, but then When he first visited in 2006, Jeff “Governour” , archaeological dig behind Laurel don’t let the door hit you on the Vele focused on a large, flat rock on behalf of King George II, gave Hill. Here, they wind up their week way out,” Hartley said. in the Housatonic, “a good rock for 1/60th of the territory each to with a walk along the Housatonic “It would be important to our tribe fishing,” and found that he could Reverend Sergeant, Schoolmaster River. Photo by Ben Garver - The to find the site,” she pointed out, as “sense those ancestors fishing; it Timothy Woodbridge and four Berkshire Eagle Welcome to the Mohican Homeland Video Taping the Mohican Presence MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 8 NOTICE TO DESCENDANTS Education Purchased/Referred Care Service Funding has nearly been exhausted for the 2019 Fiscal year. As announced in the past, Purchased/Referred Care funds, which are federal funds used to pay for medical services that cannot be provided at the Stockbridge-Munsee Health & Wellness Center, are limited. PRC funds usually deplete within the first half of each fiscal year, then funding is provided by the tribe using Tribally Applications Due from faculty member, and an Funded Referral Service funds. September 30, 2019 optional photograph (headshot) Apply Now for 6th Year for possible use in First The date for the transfer of funds was June 1st, 2019, all referrals made of First Nations’ Native Nations’ publicity activities. for after this date will follow the TFRS rules. If you have any questions, Agriculture & Food Systems please call the PRC staff at 715-793-4144. College Scholarships First Nations believes that reclaiming control over local food Enrolled, first generation and second-generation descendants of the LONGMONT, Colorado (August 1, systems is an important step Stockbridge-Munsee Tribe are eligible for PRC funds. Once these funds 2019) – First Nations Development toward ensuring the long-lasting are exhausted the TFRS funds cover enrolled, first generation are on a Institute (First Nations) is now health and economic well-being of priority system and second generation are no longer covered. accepting applications for the sixth Native people and communities. All first generation are now on medical priority level one, per the Stock- year of its First Nations Native Native food-system control has bridge-Munsee Purchased/Referred Care Medical Priority Guidelines, Agriculture and Food Systems the potential to increase food priority one means Emergency, threat to life, limb, senses (diagnosis Scholarship Program that production, improve health and and treatment of injuries or conditions that, if left untreated, result in aims to encourage more Native nutrition, and eliminate food uncertain/potentially grave outcome. American college students to insecurity in rural and reservation- enter these fields so that they can based communities, while also If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to call, the Purchased/ better assist their communities promoting entrepreneurship and with these efforts. Referred Care manager, Kasha Coyhis or Health Center Director, An- economic development. The drew Miller at 715-793-4144. purpose of the Native Agriculture First Nations will award 20 to 25 and Food Systems Scholarship fellowships of $50,000 each to • Be engaged in the development scholarships of $1,000 to $1,500 Program is to encourage outstanding Native Americans or perpetuation of knowledge in each for the 2019-2020 academic more Native American college engaged in meaningful work their field. school year to Native American students to enter these fields that benefits Indigenous people • Be at least 18 years old. college students majoring in so they can better assist their and communities in either • Be U.S. citizens. agriculture and agriculture-related communities with these efforts. reservation and/or urban settings. fields, including but not limited Applicants may self-apply or to agribusiness management, This fellowship is intended to nominate another individual. First agriscience technologies, About First Nations support Native knowledge holders Nations recognizes that some agronomy, animal husbandry, Development Institute and knowledge makers as they individuals may not apply for aquaponics, environmental For 39 years, using a three-pronged advance their work and significantly this fellowship on their own. First studies, fisheries and wildlife, food strategy of educating grassroots move forward their field in ways Nations understands that some production and safety, food-related practitioners, advocating for that will ultimately lead to broad, individuals might be uncomfortable policy and legislation, food science systemic change, and capitalizing transformative impacts for identifying themselves as and technology, horticulture, Indian communities, First Nations Indigenous communities. It is open knowledge keepers, cultural irrigation science, and sustainable has been working to restore Native to both emerging and experienced producers, intellectual leaders, agriculture or food systems. American control and culturally- leaders from a wide variety of etc. within their own communities.

compatible stewardship of the fields, including but not limited to We ask for assistance identifying Complete information and a assets they own – be they land, agriculture, food systems, youth those individuals, and encourage link to the online application human potential, cultural heritage leadership development, natural their family, friends, colleagues, can be found at https://www. or natural resources – and to resource management, climate co-workers and others to work firstnations.org/grantmaking- establish new assets for ensuring change, economic development, with potential candidates to submit scholarship/. All applications the long-term vitality of Native journalism, language and cultural an application on their behalf. must be completed and submitted American communities. First revitalization, traditional and by 5 p.m. Mountain Time on Nations serves Native American contemporary arts and more. Applicants will be asked to Monday, September 30, 2019. communities throughout the United complete an online application

States. For more information, There is one remaining and provide other required To be eligible, applicants must: visit www.firstnations.org. informational Q&A webinar information, including three short • Be full-time undergraduate or about this opportunity, and essays, two reference letters, graduate students majoring in Due September 13, 2019 it’s on Tuesday, August 6 at and a current resume/curriculum an agricultural-related field, or First Nations Accepting 1 p.m. Mountain Time. It’s vitae. Please see the online be able to demonstrate how Applications for 10 Luce free. Register here: https:// application for more details. their degree program relates to Indigenous Knowledge attendee.gotowebinar.com/ Native food systems. Fellowships of $50,000 Each register/8131540897139977485 The Luce Indigenous Knowledge • Be tribally-affiliated and able to Fellowship is designed to honor and provide documentation. First Nations Development Complete information and a link support these individual leaders • Have a Grade Point Average Institute (First Nations) and The to the online application can be as they work to further Indigenous (GPA) of at least 2.75. Henry Luce Foundation (Luce) found here. All applications must knowledge creation, dissemination • Demonstrate a commitment to have partnered to launch the be completed and submitted by and change in Indigenous helping his or her community Luce Indigenous Knowledge 5 p.m. Mountain Daylight Time communities. This fellowship reclaim local food-system Fellowship. The fellowship on Friday, September 13, 2019. will give Native knowledge control. is a 12-month, self-directed holders and knowledge makers enrichment program designed to To be eligible, applicants must: the funding and connections Applicants will be asked to support the growth, development, • Be a member of a federal- necessary to maximize their complete an online application knowledge and networks of or state-recognized Native potential and realize their vision and provide other required Indigenous knowledge holders American or Alaska Native tribe for their communities. It will information, including proof of and knowledge makers. or community, Native Hawaiian, provide these cultural producers tribal affiliation (i.e. enrollment or demonstrate significant and with the resources to match their card, CIB, letter from tribe, etc.), First Nations is now accepting long-standing engagement existing knowledge, passion and college enrollment verification applications for the inaugural with and commitment to an drive to achieve their personal and form, unofficial transcript, year of the program. In 2020, Indigenous community in the community goals. letter of recommendation First Nations will award 10 U.S. MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 9 Health

August is the month to raise awareness and highlight the importance of vaccinations for people of all ages. NATIONAL BREASTFEEDING MONTH

August helps promotes, recognizes and supports breast- feeding nation wide. Let’s support our families and com- munity with breastfeeding!

Breastfeeding is the best source of nutrition for most infants. It can also help reduce the risk for short– and long– term health conditions for infants and mothers. • Benefits for infants include: reduces the risk for asthma, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS, and GI infections. • Benefits for mother include: reduces the risk for high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer.

Why it Matters Mothers, family, and infants need the support for breastfeeding. Most mothers want to breastfeed but stop early due to a lack of ongoing support. Vaccine-preventable diseases are still a threat today. Getting vaccinated is the best Stated by the CDC only 1 in 4 infants exclusively protection. You have the power to protect against vaccine-preventable diseases. breastfed as recommended by the time they are 6 months GET VACCINATED TODAY! old. Breastfeeding is an investment in health, not just a Upcoming events and opportunities to get your kids vaccinated: “Given the importance of breastfeeding on the health of August 15th at Bowler School 9:00 am -6:00 pm mothers and children, it is critical that we take action to support breastfeeding. Only through the support of family, August 21st at the Mohican Family Center from 11:00-7:00 pm communities, clinicians, healthcare systems, and employers August 28th at Gresham School Open House from 4:30-7:30 pm will we be able to make breastfeeding the easy choice.” Dr. Jerome M. Adams, U.S. Surgeon General If you have any questions about breastfeeding, breast milk storage, “milk banks”, or how to support our tribal clinic has five breastfeeding counselors. Judy: 715-793-5060 Anita: 715-793-3018 Briah: 715-793-5018 Casey: 715-793-5006 Courtney: 715-793-5013

associated with the location. Historic Preservation Officer. They also recorded their personal “They recognize the value of this reflections on their ancestral project and respect the integrity homeland and the connections it that the interpretation must be provided to their ancestors. tribally led. Our tribe has always cared about and returned to our It has always been central to homelands since being forced the project that the walking tour to leave. However, the walking be shaped and narrated by tour project is very up close and members of the Stockbridge- personal. Direct descendants Munsee Community speaking are standing on their ancestor’s A videography crew recorded members of the Stockbridge-Munsee for themselves. With approval homesites, and interacting with the Community Band of Mohican Indians at various locations in Stockbridge. by the Stockbridge-Munsee current homeowners, for example. Here Bonney Hartley (far right), Stockbridge Munsee Tribal Historic Community’s Tribal Council, It’s led to a lot of rethinking, Preservation Officer, narrates a stop at the Stockbridge Town Cemetery. Housatonic Heritage coordinated and reconnecting, of historic Photo by Dan Bolognani with the Mohican Tribal Historic relationships for all involved.” Tour continued from page One: the project that the walking tour Preservation Office in New York Community, and local historian be shaped and narrated by and with local partners to plan Rather than a mobile app, Rick Wilcox. They envisioned members of the Stockbridge- the next phase. In July 2019, Housatonic Heritage expects a mobile phone app with video Munsee Community speaking seven enrolled tribal members to launch an online portal for narrations and historic mapping for themselves. With approval traveled to Stockbridge to film the “Footprints of Our Ancestors” later and imagery. In 2018, they by the Stockbridge-Munsee narrations with a professional film this year. The virtual tour is part of debuted the walking tour as both Community’s Tribal Council, crew. At each of the eleven stops a larger initiative by Housatonic a guided tour and a self-guided Housatonic Heritage coordinated on the tour, Stockbridge-Munsee Heritage, in coordination with brochure and map. Housatonic with the Mohican Tribal Historic members narrated the history the Mohican Tribal Historic Heritage, the nonprofit that Preservation Office in New York associated with the location. Preservation Office in Troy, New manages the Upper Housatonic and with local partners to plan They also recorded their personal York, to develop a Native American Valley NHA, approached Hartley the next phase. In July 2019, reflections on their ancestral Heritage Trail throughout the and Wilcox to explore how seven enrolled tribal members homeland and the connections region. their organization’s resources traveled to Stockbridge to film the it provided to their ancestors. could bolster the “Footprints narrations with a professional film (Reprinted with permission of the of Our Ancestors” project. crew. At each of the eleven stops “Housatonic Heritage was an early National Parks Service at: https:// on the tour, Stockbridge-Munsee supporter,” said Bonney Hartley, www.nps.gov/articles/uhvnha_ It has always been central to members narrated the history Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal footprints.htm MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 10 Review cont from page Four: belonging to the Indian race? and Austin E. Quinney’s leadership And, perhaps most important of in seeking restitution for lands all, who decides? Brothertons Advertise here for as little seized by white governments and and Stockbridges have argued opposition to giving up Indian these points with white and black as $12 per week! status for U.S. citizenship, both in outsiders and among themselves defense of the continued political throughout their existence, existence of the Stockbridge as a because that very existence was community in Wisconsin. and is at stake in the answers. Advertise in the Therein lies the greatest problem In his epilogue, Silverman closes of race for Indians in America.” with a summary: Mohican News!!!

“Throughout their existence, Terry L. Shepard is Brotherton and Stockbridge have a First Generation Call us at (715) 793-4389 forced people, including their own people, to ask the question: Direct Descendant When does an Indian cease to be an Indian? Is there such thing as and we thank him for NEW LIBRARYHOURS!!!!! a quintessentially Indian culture? his commitment and Can an Indian tribe exist without THE ARVID E. MILLER MEMORIAL LIBRARY an actual tribal homeland? Is it contributions to the possible to be a member of an AND MUSUEM IS EXCITED TO ANNOUCNE Indian tribe without outwardly Community. NEW HOURS! We will be open during the Lunch Hour Vele Construction and every other Saturday from 9 am until 12 pm Lifetime guarantee! COME TO THE LIBRARY MUSEUM Jeff Vele, Sr. Arvid E. Miller Memorial Library Museum Is a great place to do research, check out a book or just come W13593 Putnam Lane and have a cup of coffee? Bowler, WI 54416 We have two (2) data bases filled with Archival Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal History • Photos

715-793-4648 • Archival documents (Text or leave message) • Books for check out and for sale Decks, doors, windows, • Giftshop • Museum flooring, siding and soffit, • Meeting Place bathroom remodeling, plumbing repairs. Come visit us today! Open Monday through Friday Excellent work and reasonable 8:00-4:30 pm rates! Fully Insured! Want to visit on weekend? give us a call: 715-793-4834

Continued Progress in All Minority Communities Van Ert Electric Company, Inc. Locations in: 7019 W. Stewart Ave., Wausau, WI 54401 (715) 845-4308 2000 Progress Way, Kaukauna, WI 54130 (920) 766-3888 1250 Carter Drive, Kingsford, MI 49802 (906) 776-1122 We fully and actively support equal opportunity for all people, regard- less of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or disability. ...

715-793-4832 MOHICAN NEWS August 15, 2019 Page 11 First National Bank Bowler Bowler – Wisconsin – 54416 (715) 793-5200 Bowler, WI and Tigerton, WI

321 Main Street ● Gresham ● 715-787-3370 Safety. Soundness. Strength. Our basic mission We would like to thank you for your business and As your community bank, our basic mission is to provide remind you, by State law, you can take your vehicle you with a safe place to keep your money, a good place to to the shop of your choice with only one estimate. have it grow, and a trusted place to borrow it. This has never We offer a discount to all tribal members and free changed. It never will. rentals on insurance claims. Strength. Safety. Soundness. We will never forget our basic mission. We will never forget our commitment to you! Proudly employing tribal members for fifteen years. “Here to Serve All Your Banking Needs” Each Depositor Insured to at least $250,000 Open your account today! FDIC Stockbridge-Munsee Family Hours: Monday - Friday 9:00 AM - 4:30 PM Family Services/Domestic Abuse Saturday 9:00 AM - 11:30 AM ABUSE EFFECTS THE WHOLE COMMUNITY • Supportive Advocacy 715-793-4863 • Emergency Transporta- or 715-881-0488 tion to Shelter or 715-793-4780 • Restraining Order Assis- tance Statewide Shelter Hot Line • Abuse Education 800-236-7660 Hot Food, Hours • Information and Referral Weekly Deli 6 AM - 12 AM Mohican Apparel • Community Education National Dom. Abuse Hot Specials, Line: 800-787-3224/800- Daily • Education Planning Car Wash, 799-7233 Gift Certificates • Forecasting Firewood. Pine Hills To Go Need to talk or need support N8476 Moh He Con Nuck please Call: Client Services Road Pop, Chips, W12140 County Highway A Gas, Meds, Advocate : P.O. 70 Candy & Nuts Bowler, WI 54416 Dry Goods Bowler, WI 54416 715-787-4070