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COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING De MOBILE CLOUD MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING COMPUTING Architectures, Algorithms and Applications Architectures, Algorithms and Applications “… the first complete reference book on mobile cloud computing. … an excellent book that serves not only as a resource for teaching purposes with a clear and detailed view of the various aspects of mobile cloud computing, but also as a complete research reference.” —From the Foreword by Professor Rajkumar Buyya, Director of Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory, The University of Melbourne; Editor-in-Chief of Software: Practice and Experience; and CEO of Manjrasoft Pty Ltd “This book provides an introduction to the emerging computing paradigm of mobile cloud computing. It also enables mobile cloud application engineers and cloud service providers to leverage the appropriate features that can mitigate communication and computation latencies in order to increase the quality of service for mobile cloud users.” —From the Foreword by Professor Abdullah Gani, Dean of the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya Essential for high-speed fifth-generation mobile networks, mobile cloud computing (MCC) integrates the power of cloud data centers with the portability of mobile computing devices. Mobile Cloud Computing: Architectures, Algorithms and Applications covers the latest technological and architectural advances in MCC. It also shows how MCC is used in health monitoring, gaming, learning, and commerce. FEATURES • Provides the first book on the field of MCC • Introduces sensor MCC, vehicular MCC, and femtocell-based MCC • Addresses security and privacy concerns, the business aspects of MCC models, and resource allocation and management schemes • Explores open research problems and future research directions to improve the strength of MCC and enrich mobile user experience • Offers code for various algorithms on the book’s CRC Press web page Debashis De K23405 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW ISBN: 978-1-4822-4283-6 Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 90000 711 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 an informa business 2 Park Square, Milton Park Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK 9 781482 242836 www.crcpress.com A CHAPMAN & HALL BOOK MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING Architectures, Algorithms and Applications MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING Architectures, Algorithms and Applications Debashis De West Bengal University of Technology Kolkata, India Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business A CHAPMAN & HALL BOOK CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20150825 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-4284-3 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or uti- lized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopy- ing, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http:// www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com This book is dedicated to my beloved twin sons Neelabhro and Neelangshu Contents Forewords ..................................................................................................................................... xix Preface ........................................................................................................................................... xxi Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................xxiii Author .......................................................................................................................................... xxv 1. Mobile Computing .................................................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction to Mobile Computing ............................................................................1 1.2 Architecture of Mobile Network ................................................................................3 1.2.1 Architecture of Cellular Network .................................................................3 1.2.2 Architecture of Mobile Ad Hoc Network.....................................................4 1.2.3 Architecture of Mobile Wireless Sensor Network ......................................5 1.3 Generations of Mobile Communication ....................................................................6 1.3.1 1G Mobile Communication ............................................................................6 1.3.2 2G Mobile Communication ............................................................................7 1.3.3 2.5G Mobile Communication .........................................................................9 1.3.4 3G Mobile Communication ............................................................................9 1.3.5 4G Mobile Communication .......................................................................... 11 1.3.6 5G Mobile Communication .......................................................................... 13 1.3.7 Comparison of the Generations of Mobile Communication ................... 14 1.4 Mobile Operating Systems ......................................................................................... 14 1.4.1 Windows CE Operating System .................................................................. 16 1.4.2 Mac OS X ......................................................................................................... 16 1.4.3 Symbian OS .................................................................................................... 16 1.4.4 Android OS ..................................................................................................... 17 1.4.5 Blackberry 10 .................................................................................................. 17 1.5 Applications of Mobile Communication ................................................................. 17 1.5.1 Smartphones ................................................................................................... 18 1.5.2 Digital Music Players ..................................................................................... 18 1.5.3 Bluetooth and Wi-Fi ....................................................................................... 19 1.5.4 GPS ................................................................................................................... 19 1.5.5 Smart Systems ................................................................................................ 19 1.5.5.1 Smartcards....................................................................................... 19 1.5.5.2 Smart Labels ....................................................................................20 1.5.5.3 Smart Tokens ...................................................................................20 1.5.5.4 Sensors .............................................................................................20 1.5.5.5 Actuators ......................................................................................... 21 1.6 Challenges of Mobile Communication .................................................................... 21 1.6.1 Wireless Communication .............................................................................22 1.6.1.1 Disconnection .................................................................................22 1.6.1.2 Low Bandwidth ..............................................................................22 1.6.1.3 Network Optimization for Confined Areas with High User Concentration ..............................................................22 vii viii Contents 1.6.1.4 Variable Network Conditions .......................................................22 1.6.1.5 Security Issues ................................................................................22
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