Protests in Hong Kong

Levels 1 & 2 (grades 5 and up) Mass Protests in Hong Kong

Article page 3 Questions page 5 Infographic page 7 News Photo page 8 Crossword page 9 Maps page 10 breaking news Quiz page 14 September 2019

A monthly current events resource for Canadian classrooms

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Page 2 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 breaking news mass protests in Hong Kong

Masses of protesters, some masked over 150 years. During this period, and dressed in black, have been it was subject to British rule. But China and swarming the streets of Hong Kong when Britain’s 99-year-lease of the Hong Kong since June. Th e pro-democracy territory expired in 1997, Hong China has a land mass of 9.6 million demonstrators, which at times Kong was returned to China – with square kilometres, making it the have numbered in the millions, some conditions. fourth-largest country in the world, aft er Russia, Canada, and the U.S. have paralyzed large parts of Th e United Kingdom (UK) is a With 1.4 billion people, it is also the the territory. democratic nation, while China world’s most populous country. Th e angry rallies were triggered became a communist country in Hong Kong is a territory in southern by unpopular measures proposed 1949. So the British government China, and a major fi nancial by Hong Kong’s government in insisted that China implement and manufacturing centre. Some February. Th e measures were a “one country, two systems” 7.4 million people live on this land designed to allow authorities to policy for the territory. Th is would mass, which is 1104 square kilometres extradite people to mainland allow Hong Kong to maintain its in size. China for certain crimes. partly democratic economic and While China is responsible for all one country, social structure for 50 years aft er issues related to defense and foreign the handover. aff airs, Hong Kong operates with a two systems large degree of independence. It has China has honoured some of Th ere’s a reason why so many Hong its own legal system, police force, its promises to Hong Kong. Kong residents were against this immigration policy, and currency. Today, the city has its own change. Th ey fear it is the start of a constitution separate from move by China to take away rights that people in mainland China the rest of China. Called Basic and freedoms they currently enjoy. don’t have. Hong Kong also has Law, it provides for freedom of a legal system inherited from the Could that happen? It’s possible. assembly, speech, and religion, United Kingdom. Hong Kong was a British colony for as well as a free press – freedoms

Definitions colony: an area that is controlled by or belongs to a country constitution: the basic laws that determine the powers and and is usually far away from it duties of a government and guarantee certain rights to citizens communisM: a totalitarian system of government where a single extradite: to send an accused person to another country for party controls state-owned means of production trial Page 3 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 breaking news mass protests in Hong Kong an erosion of threw bricks and fi rebombs at democracy? riot police. Tiananmen Square However, many Hong Kong Finally, on September 4, Ms. Lam In the spring of 1989, student-led residents worry those freedoms are announced that Hong Kong had popular demonstrations calling for threatened. Th ey fear the proposed permanently dropped plans to democracy and political reform took extradition law would undermine change the extradition rules, place in China’s capital, Beijing. Th e Hong Kong’s legal system and saying that the political crisis was protests went on for seven weeks, intimidate people who criticize damaging “the very foundations” until the government ordered the China. Why? Because if the bill of society and she wanted to military to end the demonstrations were passed, Hong Kong citizens avoid a “highly vulnerable and by force. could be charged and sent to China, dangerous” situation. On June 4, 1989 a state of emergency where they would face unfair trials. four more demands was declared and tanks and soldiers entered Beijing’s Tiananmen Square. Chinese courts are controlled by Yet the rallies have continued. Hundreds – possibly thousands – of the government, and the conviction unarmed civilians were killed and Protesters say they have four rate is over 99 percent. Trials rely injured. Th ousands more were jailed heavily on forced confessions. additional demands that must be and many left the country. met before the demonstrations stop. violence erupts Hong Kong is the only city in China First, they called for an that marks the anniversary of this In June, in an attempt to stop the independent investigation into massacre with street marches. escalating protests, Hong Kong’s accusations of police brutality. leader, Chief Executive Carrie Lam, Second, they demanded the Hong Kong’s economy will suff er. suspended the new extradition unconditional release of protesters Th ey fear the disruptions will hurt measures. However, demonstrators who have been arrested. Th ird, tourism and aff ect Hong Kong’s were not satisfi ed. Th ey wanted they wanted an end to labelling status as a major fi nancial centre. the bill scrapped completely. So protesters as rioters, since those rather than subside, the protests arrested on rioting charges could China reacts got worse. face severe penalties. Finally, For its part, China called the they called for direct elections for On July 1, demonstrators broke in protesters ‘terrorists’ and claimed Hong Kong’s leaders. Currently, and damaged the city’s legislative foreign countries were behind China picks candidates to run in council. Th en, for two days in the demonstrations. Th e Chinese Hong Kong’s elections, so only mid-August, they occupied government denied it was Chinese government loyalists parts of Hong Kong’s airport, interfering in Hong Kong’s aff airs, are pre-selected. inconveniencing many frustrated but warned that it would use force travelers. Th e world’s eighth busiest a divided hong kong to restore order if the protests airport, which serves 75 million threatened China’s security or passengers a year, has been a Despite strong opposition to the sovereignty. It has also amassed frequent target of protesters. extradition bill, not everyone in tanks across the border from Hong Hong Kong supports the protests. Protests became increasingly Kong in Shenzen, where troops are Some fear the demonstrations practicing riot control drills. violent, too. During the biggest will trigger a large crackdown by rallies, police fi red tear gas, rubber China’s military. Others are against Will China send in soldiers and bullets, water cannons, and some of the protesters’ violent take control? Th e world is watching beanbags at the crowds. Protesters tactics, or are concerned that and anxiously waiting. J

Page 4 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 breaking news mass protests in Hong Kong ON THE LINES Answer the following in complete sentences: 1. Which country controlled Hong Kong until 1997?

2. What type of policy did China agree to put into eff ect in Hong Kong until 2047? Explain.

3. Explain what the Basic Law is.

4. List at least three other important facts about Hong Kong.

5. What controversial law did the Hong Kong government propose in early 2019?

6. Why did so many Hong Kong residents oppose this new law? Explain.

7. Describe what happened in Hong Kong aft er this announcement.

8. What did the Chief Executive of Hong Kong announce on September 4?

9. List at least three other demands that Hong Kong protesters are asking for.

Page 5 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 International Protests in Hong Kong BETWEEN THE LINES

An inference is a conclusion drawn from evidence. A plausible inference is supported by evidence in the article and is consistent with known facts outside of the article. What inference(s) can you draw from the fact that the Hong Kong airport was a frequent target for pro-democracy protesters?

BEYOND THE LINES

Hong Kong was recently ranked the most expensive housing market in the world for the seventh consecutive year, according to the annual Demographia International Housing Aff ordability Survey. Do some research to fi nd out why.

JUST TALK ABOUT IT

1. What is your understanding of the reasons for the ‘one country, two systems’ policy for Hong Kong? Explain. 2. Consider: China’s government monitors individuals’ Internet access, and the “Great Chinese Firewall” censors what Chinese Internet users can see. People outside China who used Google to search “Hong Kong protests” on September 8 could read news reports and see images of protesters gathered in front of the U.S. consulate in Hong Kong. Google, however, is blocked in China, so these images weren’t available to people in the country. What reasons can you suggest to explain why China has created these controls? As you see it, should the Chinese government censor information such as details about the Hong Kong protests? Give reasons to support your response. 3. China considers the Hong Kong protests an ‘internal matter’ and says other nations should not interfere. However, in August, U.S. President Trump suggested that China’s leader Xi Jinping meet with protesters and see if Mr. Xi could “humanely solve the Hong Kong problem.” He also tied the protests to U.S.-China trade negotiations by tweeting: “Of course China wants to make a deal. Let them work humanely with Hong Kong fi rst!” As you see it, should other countries comment on the protests? If so, what should they say? Do you think international pressure will help or hurt the Hong Kong protesters’ cause? Give reasons to support your response.

INFOGRAPHIC

Respond to the infographic on page 7. What information conveyed in the infographic is new to you? What is interesting to you? What seems to be especially signifi cant? Why? Overall, how does the information in this infographic increase your understanding of the protests in Hong Kong? Explain.

ONLINE

1. Find out more about Hong Kong at https://www.britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong. 2. Would you like to visit Hong Kong? View Hong Kong’s offi cial online tourist guide at http://www.discoverhongkong.com/ca/index.jsp to see what this territory has to off er visitors. 3. Read about Britain’s 99-year-lease of Hong Kong at https://www.thoughtco.com/china-lease-hong-kong-to-britain-195153 and https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-48607723. J

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Page 7 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 breaking news mass protests in Hong Kong Imagining a Before and Aft er: Draw (or write) about what you imagine happened right before this scene and what is likely to happen next. A plausible prediction builds on details in the photograph, explains the context (why the event happened), is believable, and includes all 5Ws. A likely conclusion builds on details in the photograph, is logical and believable, and includes all 5Ws. Before

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:190808_HK_protest_civil_press_conference.jpg er Aft

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ACROSS DOWN

1. Carrie Lam is the Chief _____ 1. to send a person to another country for trial 2. Hong Kong has its own legal system, 2. type of government in China police, immigration policy and _____ 4. China's capital city 3. famous square in China's capital 6. frequent protest target 4. Hong Kong's constitution is called _____ Law 7. One country, two _____ 5. leader of Hong Kong 8. an area that is controlled or belongs to 9. supreme law another country 10. to rent for a fi xed period

Page 9 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 map assignment Complete this map assignment to better understand the article Mass Protests in Hong Kong.

INSTRUCTIONS 1. Obtain the required resources and read all the instructions before starting. 2. Colour your map aft er all labelling is completed. 3. Print in pencil only fi rst, then go over the printing in black ink. 4. Work carefully and neatly. Resources Required: pencil, black pen, pencil crayons, ruler, eraser and an atlas. Part A Locate and label the following countries in CAPITAL letters and shade each as indicated: China (green) Mongolia (purple) Japan (pink) Vietnam (red) India (purple) Myanmar (orange) Part B Locate and label the capital city of each country and underline each city name. Part C Locate and label the following countries in CAPITAL letters and shade each as indicated: Russia (orange) North Korea (red) South Korea (orange) Taiwan (yellow) Philippines (brown) Cambodia (yellow) Laos (purple) Th ailand (pink) Bhutan (yellow) Nepal (orange) Bangladesh (pink) Pakistan (brown) Kyrgyzstan (yellow) Kazakhstan (red) Part D Locate and label the following cities: Guangzhou Shanghai Chongqing Hangzhou Part E Locate and label the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Part F Locate and label the following rivers and shade them light blue: Huang He River (Yellow River) Yangtze River (Chang Jiang River) Part G Locate and label the following and shade all ocean water dark blue: Pacifi c Ocean Sea of Japan South China Sea Bay of Bengal Part H Shade all remaining territory grey. Part I Complete your map with a frame, title and compass. J

China Page 10 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019

800 Kilometres 800

600400200 0 0 map assignment Complete this map assignment to better understand the article Mass Protests in Hong Kong.

Part H Locate and label the following and shade all ocean water dark blue: East China Sea Taiwan Strait South China Sea Qiongzhou Strait Gulf of Tonkin

Part I Locate and label the Tropic of Cancer. Part J Complete your map with a frame, title, and compass. J

China Hong Kong Page 12 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019

400 Kilometres 400

300

200

100 0 0 breaking news mass protests in Hong Kong QUIZ

A. Write the letter that corresponds to the best answer on the line beside each question: ______1. A region or territory that is politically controlled by another country is called a(n): a) colony b) state c) partner d) ally ______2. Hong Kong’s constitution is called: a) Magna Carta b) Bill of Rights c) Civil Rights Act d) Basic Law ______3. What is the top government position in Hong Kong? a) Governor b) President c) Prime Minister d) Chief Executive B. Mark the statements T (True) or F (False). If a statement is True, write one important fact to support it on the line below. If a statement is False, write the words that make it true on the line below. ______4. True or False? Th e population of Hong Kong is 7.4 million.

______5. True or False? China has an independent and well-respected legal system.

______6. True or False? Hong Kong protesters were satisfi ed when the extradition law was withdrawn.

C. Fill in the blanks to complete each sentence. 7. More ______live in China than any other country. 8. China became a ______country in 1949. 9. Carrie ______is the leader of Hong Kong. D. Respond to the following question in paragraph form. (Use a separate sheet of paper if necessary.) What is your understanding of the reasons for the protests in Hong Kong? Explain.

Page 14 What in the world? • breaking news SEPT. 2019 Current Events, Clearly Explained

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