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Aug. 17-19, Montrose, CO Montrose County Fairgrounds Montrose Rod & Gun Club 970-249-9008 Aug. 18-19, Denver, CO Merchandise Mart Tanner Gun Show 720-514-0114 Volume 53 Aug. 24-26, Casper, WY Central Wyoming Fairgrounds Casper Arms Show 208 420-2295 Number 8 ASSOCIATION Spokesman Sep. 7-9, Rock Springs, WY Sweetwater Cnty Events Comp Rock Springs Arms Show 208-241-4005 August 2018 Sep. 15-16, Colorado Springs, CO Colorado Springs Event Cntr. RJ Promotions 816-396-9246 so reduce the number of deaths by combat and disease, and to Sep. 22-23, Denver, CO Merchandise Mart Tanner Gun Show 720-514-0114 THE from Wikipedia show how futile war is. Sep. 29-30, , CO Garfield County Fairgrounds Colorado Militaria Collector 720-621-6339 Of all the I have ever fired, my favorite is the Gatling Oct. 5-7, Rawlins, WY Carbon County Fairgrounds Wyoming Sportsmans Gun Shows 307-760-1841 Gun. Les Palmer and I got to fire a .45-70 Gatling Gun at a Texas Although the first Gatling gun was capable of firing Oct 13-14, Colorado Springs Norris-Penrose Arena Tanner Gun Show 720-514-0114 Ranch. Damn, it was fantastic. continuously, it required a person to crank it; therefore it was not Oct. 19-21, Sheridan, WY Sheridan County Fairgrounds Wyoming Sportsmans Gun Shows 307-760-1841 a true automatic weapon. The , invented and patented Oct. 20-21, Paola, KS Fraternal Order of Eagles Bldg Paola Masonic Lodge 913-757-2302 in 1883, was the first true fully automatic weapon, making use of Oct. 27-28, Colorado Springs, CO Colorado Springs Event Cntr. RJ Promotions 816-396-9246 the fired projectile's recoil force to reload the weapon. Nov. 10-11, Tulsa, OK Expo Square Tulsa Fairgrounds Wanenmacher Tulsa Arms Show 918-492-0401 Nonetheless, the Gatling gun represented a huge leap in Nov. 10-11, Loveland, CO Larimer County Fairgrounds Tanner Gun Show 720-514-0114 technology. Dec. 1-2, Denver, CO Merchandise Mart Tanner Gun Show 720-514-0114 Dec. 29-30, Denver, CO Merchandise Mart Tanner Gun Show 720-514-0114 Prior to the Gatling gun, the only weapons available to military forces capable of firing many projectiles in a short space of time were mass-firing volley weapons, like the Belgian and French Colorado Gun Collectors Association 54th Annual Gun Show of the 1860s and 1870s, and field firing , much like an upsized . The latter were Denver, CO May 2019 widely used during and after the Napoleonic Wars. Although the Setup: Thursday May 16, 3:00 PM to 8;00 PM Friday May 17, 9:00 AM to 6:00PM maximum was increased by firing multiple projectiles Show open to the Public May 18th 9:am to 5:00 pm & 19th 9:00m to 3:00 pm simultaneously, these weapons still needed to be reloaded after each discharge, which for multi-barrel systems like the mitrailleuse was cumbersome and time-consuming. This negated much of the advantage of their high rate of fire per discharge, making them much less powerful on the battlefield. In Buying online? Buying Guns online? comparison, the Gatling gun offered a rapid and continuous rate $30 transfer Fee for CGCA Members $30 transfer Fee for CGCA Members of fire without having to be manually reloaded by opening the breech. Call Don 303-877-4831 Call Dave 970 484 4200 The 1876 Gatling gun kept at Fort Laramie National Historic Site

The Gatling gun is one of the best-known early rapid-fire The original Gatling gun was a field weapon which used multiple loaded, hand cranked weapons and a forerunner of the modern rotating barrels turned by a hand crank, and firing loose (no links New Members and rotary . Invented by Richard Gatling, it or ) metal using a gravity feed system is known for its use by the Union forces during the American from a hopper. The Gatling gun's innovation lay in the use of No New Members Civil War in the 1860s, which was the first time it was employed multiple barrels to limit overheating, a rotating mechanism, and a in combat. Later, it was used again in numerous military gravity-feed reloading system, which allowed unskilled operators Colorado Gun Collectors conflicts, such as the , the Anglo-Zulu War, and the to achieve a relatively high rate of fire of 200 rounds per minute. assault on San Juan Hill during the Spanish–American War. It The US Army adopted Gatling guns in several , President was also used by the Pennsylvania militia in episodes of the including .42 , .45-70, .50 caliber, 1 , and (M1893 and Great Railroad Strike of 1877, specifically in . later) .30 Army, with conversions of M1900 weapons to .30-03 Darin Carwin In Memorium and .30-06. The .45-70 weapon was also mounted on some US 6020 Garland St. Dave Rupert 1935-2018 Navy of the 1880s and Arvada, CO 80004 The Gatling gun's operation centered on a cyclic multi-barrel 303-940-8630 design which facilitated cooling and synchronized the firing- and the Americas reloading sequence. Each barrel fired a single shot when it The Gatling gun was first used in warfare during the American reached a certain point in the cycle, after which it ejected the Gun Show Chairman Civil War. Twelve of the guns were purchased personally by spent cartridge, loaded a new round, and, in the process, allowed Union commanders and used in the trenches during the siege of Dave Weddle the barrel to cool somewhat. This configuration allowed higher P.O. Box C Petersburg, Virginia (June 1864 – April 1865). Eight other rates of fire to be achieved without the barrels overheating. Gatling guns were fitted on gunboats. The gun was not accepted Fort Collins, CO 80522 Monthly Meeting Schedule The Gatling gun was itself an early form of , and by the American Army until 1866, when a sales representative of 720-482-0167 today modern rotary cannons are often referred to as Gatling the manufacturing company demonstrated it in combat. Monthly Meetings are on the 3rd Tuesday of each month, except for the guns. [email protected] December meeting. In December we have Christmas Dinner on the first On July 17, 1863, Gatling guns were purportedly used to overawe Saturday. Meetings start promptly at 7:00 P.M. They are held in the American History Secretary/Treasurer Newsletter Editor Legion Hall at I-25 and Yale Ave., Exit #202 from I-25, East on Yale and take New York anti-draft rioters. Two were brought by a National The Gatling gun was designed by the American inventor Dr. Guard unit from to use against strikers in Pittsburgh. Bill Pittman the 1st right. Richard J. Gatling in 1861 and patented on November 4, 1862. 8075 S. Harrison Way Gatling guns were famously not used at the Battle of the Little Gatling wrote that he created it to reduce the size of armies and Bighorn, also known as "Custer's Last Stand", when Gen. George Littleton, CO 80122 August 21, 2018 January 15, 2019 June 18, 2019 303-773-0238 September 18, 2018 February 19, 2019 July 16, 2019 [email protected] October 16, 2018 March 19, 2019 August 20, 2019 November 20, 2018 April 16, 2019 September 17, 2019 August Program John Dutcher Single Shot December 1, 2018 May 21, 2019 October 15, 2019 4

Armstrong Custer chose not to bring Gatlings with his main force. The first use of the Gatling by the a . because self-contained brass cartridges were later used examples of the M1893 not yet fully developed and available. The shells were gravity- powered by electric motor and Spanish–American War fed into the breech through a hopper or simple box "" belt to drive the crank. Tests Because of infighting within army ordnance, Gatling guns were with an unsprung gravity follower on top of the gun. Each barrel demonstrated the electric Gatling used by the U.S. Army during the Spanish–American War. A four had its own firing mechanism. could fire bursts of up to 1,500 -gun battery of Model 1895 ten-barrel Gatling guns in .30 Army, made by Colt's Arms Company, was formed into a separate Despite self-contained brass cartridges replacing the paper The M1893, with minor detachment led by Lt. John "Gatling Gun" Parker. The cartridge in the 1860s, it wasn't until the Model 1881 that revisions, became the M1895, detachment proved very effective, supporting the advance of Gatling switched to the 'Bruce'-style feed system (U.S. Patents and 94 guns were produced for American forces at the . Three of the 247,158 and 343,532) that accepted two rows of .45-70 the U.S. Army by Colt. Four Gatlings with swivel mountings were used with great success cartridges. While one row was being fed into the gun, the other M1895 Gatlings under Lt. John against the Spanish defenders. During the American charge up could be reloaded, thus allowing sustained fire. The final gun H. Parker saw considerable San Juan and Kettle hills, the three guns fired a total of 18,000 .30 required four operators. By 1886, the gun was capable of firing combat during the Santiago Army rounds in 8 1/2 minutes (an average of over 700 rounds per more than 400 rounds per minute. campaign in Cuba in 1898. The minute per gun of continuous fire) against Spanish troop positions M1895 was designed to accept along the crest of both hills, wreaking terrible carnage. The smallest-caliber gun also had a Broadwell drum feed in only the Bruce feeder. All place of the curved box of the other guns. The drum, named previous models were unpainted, Despite this remarkable achievement, the Gatling's weight and after L. W. Broadwell, an agent for Gatling's company, but the M1895 was painted olive drab (O.D.) green, with some cumbersome carriage hindered its ability to keep up with comprised twenty stacks of rounds arranged around a central parts left blued. forces over difficult ground, particularly in Cuba, where axis, like the spokes of a wheel, each holding twenty cartridges roads were often little more than jungle footpaths. By this time, with the noses oriented toward the central axis. This The Model 1900 was very similar to the model 1895, but with the U.S. Marines had been issued the modern tripod-mounted invention was patented in U. S. 110,338. As each stack emptied, only a few components finished in O.D. green. The U.S. Army M1895 Colt–Browning machine gun using the 6mm Lee Navy the drum was manually rotated to bring a new stack into use purchased a quantity of M1900s. All Gatling Models 1895– round, which they employed to defeat the Spanish infantry at the until all 400 rounds had been fired. A more common variant had 1903 could be mounted on an armored field carriage. In 1903, In April 1867, a Gatling gun was purchased for the Argentine battle of Cuzco Wells. 240 rounds in twenty stands of fifteen. the Army converted its M1900 guns in .30 Army to fit the army by minister Domingo F. Sarmiento under instructions from new .30-03 cartridge (standardized for the M1903 Springfield president Bartolomé Mitre. Basic Design By 1893, the Gatling was adapted to take the new .30 Army rifle) as the M1903. The later M1903-'06 was an M1903 The Gatling gun operated by a hand-crank mechanism, with six smokeless cartridge. The new M1893 guns featured six barrels, converted to .30-06. This conversion was principally carried out Captain Germán Astete of the Peruvian Navy took with him barrels revolving around a central shaft (although some models later increased to ten barrels, and were capable of a maximum at the Army's arsenal repair shops. All dozens of Gatling guns from the to in had as many as ten). Each barrel fires once per revolution at about (initial) rate of fire of 800–900 rounds per minute, though 600 models of Gatling guns were declared obsolete by the U.S. December 1879 during the Peru- . Gatling the same position. The barrels, a carrier, and a were rpm was recommended for continuous fire.[3][22] Dr. Gatling military in 1911, after 45 years of service. guns were used by the Peruvian Navy and Army, especially in the separate and all mounted on a solid plate revolving around a Battle of Tacna (May 1880) and the Battle of San Juan (January central shaft, mounted on an oblong fixed frame. Turning the 1881) against the invading Chilean Army. crank rotated the shaft. The carrier was grooved and the lock cylinder was drilled with holes corresponding to the Lieutenant A.L. Howard of the Connecticut National Guard had an interest in the company manufacturing Gatling guns, and took The casing was partitioned, and through this opening the barrel a personally owned Gatling gun to Saskatchewan, Canada, in shaft was journaled. In front of the casing was a cam with spiral 1885 for use with the Canadian military against Métis rebels surfaces. The cam imparted a reciprocating motion to the locks during Louis Riel's North-West Rebellion. when the gun rotated. Also in the casing was a cocking ring with projections to cock and fire the gun. Each barrel had a single lock, Early multi-barrel guns were approximately the size and weight of working in the lock cylinder on a line with the barrel. The lock artillery pieces, and were often perceived as a replacement for cylinder was encased and joined to the frame. Early models had a cannons firing or canister shot. Gatling guns were even fibrous matting stuffed in among the barrels, which could be mounted aboard ships. Compared with earlier weapons such as soaked with water to cool the barrels down. Later models the mitrailleuse, which required manual reloading, the Gatling eliminated the matting-filled barrels as being unnecessary. gun was more reliable and easier to operate, and had a lower, but Cartridges, held in a hopper, dropped individually into the continuous rate of fire. The large wheels required to move these grooves of the carrier. The lock was simultaneously forced by the guns around required a high firing position, which increased the cam to move forward and load the cartridge, and when the cam vulnerability of their crews. was at its highest point, the cocking ring freed the lock and fired the cartridge. After the cartridge was fired the continuing Sustained firing of cartridges generated a cloud of of the cam drew back the lock bringing with it the spent cartridge smoke, making concealment impossible until which then dropped to the ground. became available in the late 19th century. When operators were firing Gatling guns against troops of industrialized nations, they The grouped barrel concept had been explored by inventors since were at risk - vulnerable to artillery they could not reach and the 18th century, but poor engineering and the lack of a unitary targeted by they could not see. cartridge made previous designs unsuccessful. The initial Gatling gun design used self-contained, reloadable steel cylinders with a In Africa and Asia] chamber holding a ball and black-powder charge, and a The Gatling gun was used most successfully to expand European percussion cap on one end. As the barrels rotated, these steel colonial empires by defeating indigenous warriors mounting cylinders dropped into place, were fired, and were then ejected massed attacks, including the Matabele, the Zulu, the Bedouin, from the gun. The innovative features of the Gatling gun were its and the Mahdists. Imperial purchased 400 Gatling guns independent firing mechanism for each barrel and the and used them against Turkmen cavalry and other nomads of simultaneous action of the locks, barrels, carrier and breech central Asia. The used Gatling guns against the Egyptians at Alexandria in 1882. The ammunition that Gatling eventually implemented was a style round charged with black powder and primed with 2 3