FAMILY SCOLYTIDAE (Bark and ambrosia beetles)
J. McNamara
One hundred and ninety-eight species of Scolytidae are recorded from Canada and Alaska. Most of the Canadian species attack forest trees, especially conifers, and may cause considerable damage to timber. Both the larvae and adults form galleries under the bark. Some of the galleries may be so distinctive that the genus and, in some cases, the species that made them can be identified. The North American scolytids are well-known taxonomically; Wood (1982) revised all the North American species and Bright (1976) covered the Canadian and Alaskan ones.
AK (52); YK (33); NT (31); BC (133); AB (77); SK (38); MB (47); ON (86); PQ (76); NB (53); NS (39); PE (8); LB (6); NF (25); I (5)
Subfamily HYLESININAE Tribe Hylastini
Genus SCIERUS LeConte
S. annectans LeConte AK - NT BC AB - - ON PQ - NS - - NF S. pubescens Swaine AK YK - BC AB ------
Genus HYLURGOPS LeConte
H. porosus (LeConte) - - NT BC AB SK ------lecontei Swaine H. reticulatus Wood - - NT BC ------H. rugipennis pinifex (Fitch) - - - BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - - H. rugipennis rugipennis (Mannerheim) AK YK - BC AB ------H. subcostulatus subcostulatus (Mannerheim) AK - - BC ------cristatus (Mannerheim)
Genus HYLASTES Erichson
H. gracilis LeConte - - - BC ------asper Swaine longus LeConte nitidus Swaine H. longicillis Swaine - - - BC AB ------H. macer LeConte - - - BC ------H. nigrinus (Mannerheim) AK YK NT BC AB ------yukonis Fall H. porculus Erichson ------MB ON PQ NB - - - - canadensis Blackman carbonarius Fitch cavernosus (Zimmermann) granosus Chapuis scaber Swaine swainei Eggers webbi Swaine H. ruber Swaine - - NT BC AB ------H. tenuis Eichhoff - - - BC ------criticus Eichhoff minutus Blackman parvus Blackman pusillus Blackman
Tribe Hylesinini
Genus HYLASTINUS Bedel
H. obscurus (Marsham)+ - - - BC - - - ON PQ - NS - - -
Genus HYLESINUS Fabricius Leperisinus Reitter
H. aculeatus Say - - - - - SK MB ON PQ - NS - - - cinereus (Swaine) imperialis Eichhoff H. californicus (Swaine) - - - - - SK MB ------hoferi (Blackman) H. criddlei (Swaine) - - - - - SK MB ON PQ - - - - - H. fasciatus LeConte ------ON ------H. pruinosus Eichhoff ------ON ------
Genus ALNIPHAGUS Swaine Hylastinoides Spessivtev
A. aspericollis (LeConte) AK - - BC ------A. hirsutus Schedl - - - BC ------
Tribe Tomicini
Genus PSEUDOHYLESINUS Swaine
P. dispar dispar Blackman - - - BC ------P. dispar pullatus Blackman - - - BC ------P. granulatus (LeConte) AK - - BC ------P. nebulosus nebulosus (LeConte) - - - BC AB ------P. nobilis Swaine - - - BC ------furnissi Blackman P. pini Wood - - - BC ------P. sericeus (Mannerheim) AK - - BC ------grandis Swaine P. sitchensis Swaine AK - - BC ------P. tsugae Swaine AK - - BC ------keeni Blackman obesus Swaine similis Blackman
Genus HYLURGOPINUS Swaine
H. rufipes (Eichhoff) - - - - - SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - - opaculus (LeConte)
Genus XYLECHINUS Chapuis
X. americanus Blackman ------ON PQ - - - - - X. montanus Blackman AK - - BC AB SK ------
Genus DENDROCTONUS Erichson
D. brevicomis LeConte - - - BC AB ------barberi Hopkins D. murrayanae Hopkins - - - BC AB - MB ON ------D. ponderosae Hopkins - - - BC ------monticolae Hopkins D. pseudotsugae Hopkins - - - BC AB ------D. punctatus LeConte AK YK NT BC AB - - ON PQ NB - - - NF johanseni Swaine D. rufipennis (Kirby) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF borealis Hopkins engelmanni Hopkins obesus (Mannerheim) piceaperda Hopkins similis LeConte D. simplex LeConte AK - NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS PE LB NF D. valens LeConte - - NT BC AB - MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF
Tribe Phloeotribini
Genus PHLOEOTRIBUS Latreille
P. lecontei Schedl - - - BC AB ------puberulus LeConte P. liminaris (Harris) ------MB ON PQ NB - - - - mississippiensis (Blackman) P. piceae Swaine AK YK NT BC - - MB ON PQ NB - - - -
Tribe Phloeosinini
Genus PHLOEOSINUS Chapuis
P. canadensis Swaine ------ON PQ NB - - - - P. cupressi Hopkins AK - - BC ------nitidus Swaine P. dentatus (Say) ------ON ------enixus Blackman graniger (Eichhoff) haagi (Eichhoff) P. hoferi Blackman - - - BC ------P. hoppingi Swaine - - - BC ------woodi Bright P. keeni Blackman - - - BC ------P. pini Swaine AK YK NT BC AB - MB - PQ - - - - - alaskanus Blackman piceae Swaine P. punctatus LeConte AK - - BC ------buckhorni Blackman chamberlini Blackman kaniksu Blackman rubicundulus Swaine rusti Blackman P. scopulorum scopulorum Swaine - - - BC AB ------P. sequoiae Hopkins AK - - BC ------blackmani Schedl squamosus Blackman
Genus CHRAMESUS LeConte
C. hicoriae LeConte ------ON PQ - - - - - lecontei (Chapuis)
Tribe Hypoborini
Genus CHAETOPHLOEUS LeConte Pseudocryphalus Swaine Renocis Casey
C. heterodoxus (Casey) - - - BC - - MB ------brittaini (Swaine) brunneus (Blackman) commixtus (Blackman) criddlei (Swaine) fuscus (Blackman)
Tribe Polygraphini
Genus CARPHOBORUS Eichhoff
C. andersoni Swaine AK YK NT - AB ------C. carri Swaine AK YK NT - AB - MB - - NB - - - - C. dunni Swaine ------NB - - - - C. intermedius Wood AK - - BC ------C. ponderosae Swaine - - - BC ------C. sansoni Swaine - - - - AB ------engelmanni Wood C. vandykei Bruck - - - BC ------
Genus POLYGRAPHUS Erichson Lepisomus Kirby
P. convexifrons Wood AK YK - BC AB - - - PQ - - - - - P. rufipennis (Kirby) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS PE LB NF brevicornis (Kirby) nigriceps (Kirby) saginatus Mannerheim
Subfamily SCOLYTINAE Tribe Scolytini
Genus SCOLYTUS Geoffrey
S. laricis Blackman - - - BC ------S. mali (Bechstein)+ ------ON PQ - - - - - sulcatus LeConte S. monticolae Swaine - - - BC AB ------S. multistriatus (Marsham)+ - - - BC - - MB ON PQ NB - - - - S. muticus Say ------ON ------S. piceae (Swaine) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - LB - S. praeceps LeConte - - - BC ------S. quadrispinosus Say ------ON PQ - - - - - carya Riley caryae Walsh S. rugulosus (P.W.J.Muller)+ - - - BC - - - ON PQ - NS - - - S. subscaber LeConte - - - BC ------S. tsugae (Swaine) - - - BC AB ------S. unispinosus LeConte - - - BC AB ------fiskei Blackman sobrinus Blackman S. ventralis LeConte - - - BC ------
Tribe Micracini
Genus PSEUDOTHYSANOES Blackman Chalcohyus Blackman Cryptocleptes Blackman Cryptulocleptus Wood
P. rigidus (LeConte) ------drakei Blackman
Genus MICRACIS LeConte
M. swainei Blackman ------ON ------populi Swaine
Tribe Ipini
Genus PITYOGENES Bedel
P. carinulatus (LeConte) - - - BC ------hamatus (LeConte) P. fossifrons (LeConte) - - - BC ------P. hopkinsi Swaine - - - - - SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF P. plagiatus knechteli Swaine - YK - BC AB SK ------P. plagiatus plagiatus (LeConte) - - - - AB SK MB ON PQ - - - - - lecontei Swaine
Genus PITYOKTEINES Fuchs Orthotomides Wood
P. elegans Swaine - - - BC AB ------P. lasiocarpi (Swaine) - - - BC AB ------P. minutus (Swaine) - - - BC AB ------jasperi Swaine P. ornatus (Swaine) - - - BC ------P. sparsus (LeConte) - - - - AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS PE LB NF balsameus (LeConte)
Genus ORTHOTOMICUS Ferrari
O. caelatus (Eichhoff) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF decretus (Eichhoff) punctipennis (LeConte) vicinus (LeConte)
Genus IPS DeGeer
I. borealis Swaine AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF swainei Hopping thomasi Hopping I. calligraphus (Germar) - - - - - SK - ON PQ - NS - - - chloroticus Dejean conformis Dejean exesus (Say) ponderosae Swaine praemorsus (Eichhoff) I. concinnus (Mannerheim) AK - - BC ------chamberlini (Swaine) hirsutus (Eichhoff) I. emarginatus (LeConte) - - - BC ------I. grandicollis (Eichhoff) ------MB ON PQ - - - - - cacographus (LeConte) chagnoni Swaine cloudcrofti Swaine cribricollis (Eichhoff) I. integer (Eichhoff) - - - BC ------I. latidens (LeConte) - YK - BC AB SK - ON PQ - - - - - guildi Blackman longidens Swaine I. mexicanus (Hopkins) AK - - BC AB ------radiatae Hopkins I. montanus (Eichhoff) - - - BC ------vancouveri Swaine I. perroti Swaine - - - BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - - - I. perturbatus (Eichhoff) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - LB - hudsonicus (LeConte) interpunctus (Eichhoff) I. pini (Say) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF dentatus (Sturm) laticollis Swaine oregonis (Eichhoff) pallipes (Sturm) praefrictus (Eichhoff) rectus (LeConte) I. plastographus plastographus (LeConte) - - - BC ------I. tridens (Mannerheim) AK YK NT BC AB ------amiskiwiensis Hopping dubius Swaine engelmanni Swaine interruptus (Mannerheim) semirostris Hopping yohoensis Swaine I. woodi Thatcher - - - - AB ------
Tribe Dryocoetini
Genus LYMANTOR Lovendal
L. alaskanus Wood AK ------L. decipiens (LeConte) ------ON PQ - - - - -
Genus DRYOCOETES Eichhoff
D. affaber (Mannerheim) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - - NF piceae Hopkins pubescens Swaine D. autographus (Ratzeburg) AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - LB NF americanus Hopkins pseudotsugae Swaine semicasteneus (Mannerheim) septentrionis (Mannerheim) D. betulae Hopkins - - - BC AB - - ON PQ NB NS - - NF eichhoffi Hopkins liquidambaris Hopkins D. caryi Hopkins AK - - BC AB - - - PQ - - - - - D. confusus Swaine - - - BC AB ------abietis Hopkins D. granicollis (LeConte) ------PQ NB - - - - D. sechelti Swaine - - - BC ------
Tribe Crypturgini
Genus CRYPTURGUS Erichson
C. borealis Swaine AK - NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF corrugatus Swaine C. pusillus (Gyllenhal)+ - - - - - SK - ON PQ NB NS PE - NF atomus LeConte
Genus DOLURGUS Eichhoff
D. pumilus (Mannerheim) AK - - BC ------
Tribe Xyloterini
Genus XYLOTERINUS Swaine
X. politus (Say) ------MB ON PQ NB - - - - unicolor (Eichhoff)
Genus TRYPODENDRON Stephens
T. betulae Swaine - - NT BC AB - MB ON PQ NB NS PE - - T. lineatum (Olivier) AK YK - BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS PE - NF bivittatum (Kirby) borealis Swaine cavifrons (Mannerheim) vittigerum Eichhoff T. retusum (LeConte) AK YK - BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - - - T. rufitarsis (Kirby) AK YK - BC AB - MB ON - NB - - - - ponderosae Swaine
Tribe Xyleborini
Genus XYLOSANDRUS Reitter
X. germanus (Blandford) ------ON ------
Genus XYLEBORUS Eichhoff Ambrosiodmus Hopkins Anisandrus Ferrari
X. affinis Eichhoff ------ON ------X. dispar (Fabricius) - - - BC - - - ON PQ - NS - - NF pyri (Peck) swainei (Drake) X. intrusus Blandford - - - BC ------fitchi Hopkins howardi Hopkins scopulorum Hopkins X. obesus LeConte ------ON PQ - - - - - populi (Swaine) serratus Swaine X. pubescens Zimmermann ------ON ------propinguus Eichhoff X. sayi (Hopkins) ------ON PQ - - - - - minor Swaine neardus Schedl X. xylographus (Say) ------ON PQ - - - - - canadensis Swaine inermis Eichhoff
Genus XYLEBORINUS Reitter
X. saxeseni (Ratzeburg) - - - BC - - - ON ------arbuti (Hopkins) floridensis (Hopkins) libocedri Swaine pecanus (Hopkins) quercus (Hopkins) tsugae Swaine
Tribe Cryphalini
Genus TRYPOPHLOEUS Fairmaire
T. populi Hopkins - - - BC AB SK MB - - NB - - - - T. striatulus (Mannerheim) AK YK - - AB - MB - PQ - NS - - NF nitidus Swaine punctipennis Hopkins T. thatcheri (Wood) - - - BC ------
Genus PROCRYPHALUS Hopkins
P. mucronatus (LeConte) AK - - BC AB ------idahoensis Hopkins populi Hopkins P. utahensis Hopkins AK - - BC AB - - - PQ - - - - - aceris Hopkins salicis Hopkins
Genus CRYPHALUS Erichson Taenioglyptes Bedel
C. pubescens Hopkins - - - BC ------subconcentralis Hopkins C. ruficollis fraseri Hopkins ------PQ - - - - - balsameus Hopkins C. ruficollis ruficollis Hopkins AK YK - BC AB - MB ON PQ NB NS PE - NF amabilis Chamberlin approximatus Hopkins canadensis Chamberlin coloradensis (Wood) grandis Chamberlin mainensis Blackman
Genus HYPOTHENEMUS Westwood Stephanoderes Eichhoff
H. dissimilis (Zimmermann) ------ON PQ - - - - - chapuisii (Eichhoff)
Tribe Corthylini
Genus PSEUDOPITYOPHTHORUS Swaine
P. minutissimus (Zimmermann) ------ON PQ - - - - - P. pubipennis (LeConte) - - - BC ------
Genus CONOPHTHORUS Hopkins
C. banksianae McPherson ------ON ------C. coniperda (Schwarz) ------ON PQ NB NS - - - clunicus Hopkins taedae Hopkins C. ponderosae Hopkins - - - BC ------contortae Hopkins flexilis Hopkins lambertianae Hopkins monticolae Hopkins scopulorum Hopkins C. resinosae Hopkins ------ON PQ NB NS - - - virginianae Hopkins
Genus PITYOPHTHORUS Eichhoff Key to North American species: Bright (1981)
(Subgenus PITYOPHTHORUS s.str.) (Myeleborus Blackman)
P. absonus Blackman - - - BC AB ------demissus Blackman inyoensis Bright P. alpinensis Hopping - - - - AB ------P. angustus Blackman ------ON - NB NS - - - P. aquilus Blackman - - - BC AB SK ------aristatae Bright caelator Blackman P. balsameus Blackman - - NT - - - - ON - NB NS - - - patchi Blackman P. bassetti Blackman AK YK NT ------P. biovalis Blackman ------ON - - NS - - - P. boycei Swaine - YK - BC AB ------catulus (Blackman) iniquus (Blackman) siouxensis Bright P. briscoei Blackman ------ON PQ NB - - - - mundus Blackman P. carinatus carinatus Bright ------PQ NB - - - - P. carinatus monticolae Bright - - - BC AB ------P. cariniceps LeConte - - - ? AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - - canadensis Swaine cognatus Blackman P. carinulatus Swaine AK ------opimus Blackman P. cascoensis Blackman - - NT - AB - - ON - - - - - NF pilifer Schedl P. cavatus Bright - - - - - SK MB ------P. concavus Blackman ------ON PQ NB NS - - - P. confertus Swaine - - - BC ------agnatus Blackman burkei Blackman comptus Blackman P. confinis LeConte - - - BC ------P. consimilis LeConte - - - BC AB SK MB ON PQ - NS - - - granulatus Swaine nudus Swaine P. dentifrons Blackman - - - - AB - - ON PQ NB NS PE - NF P. digestus (LeConte) - - - BC AB ------aplanatus Schedl hopkinsi Blackman idoneus Blackman ponderosae Blackman P. fuscus Blackman - - - BC ------smithi Schedl P. grandis Blackman - - - BC ------P. hesperius Bright - - - BC ------P. intextus Swaine - - - BC AB SK MB ON - NB NS - - NF shepardi Blackman tonsus Blackman P. lautus Eichhoff ------ON PQ - - - - - natalis Blackman rhois Swaine P. murrayanae Blackman AK - NT BC AB - MB ON - NB - - - - acceptus Bright aurulentus Bright cutleri Swaine depygis Blackman elongatus Swaine exilis Swaine gracilis Swaine tenuis Swaine watsoni Schedl P. nitidulus (Mannerheim) AK - - BC AB ------atratulus (LeConte) puncticollis (LeConte) P. nitidus Swaine AK YK NT BC AB - - ON PQ NB NS - - NF anceps Blackman aquilonius Bright borealis Swaine varians Schedl P. opaculus LeConte AK YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - NF abietis Blackman albertensis Blackman exiguus Blackman pygmaeus Schedl P. orarius Bright - - - BC ------P. pseudotsugae Swaine - - - BC ------thatcheri Bright P. puberulus (LeConte) ------ON PQ NB NS - - - infans Eichhoff P. pulchellus Eichhoff - YK NT BC AB SK MB ON PQ NB - - - - hirticeps LeConte pusio LeConte P. pulicarius (Zimmermann) - - - - - SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - - P. ramiperda Swaine ------ON PQ - - - - - fivazi (Blackman) P. recens Bright - YK - BC ------P. scalptor Blackman - - - BC ------P. scalptus Bright - - - BC ------P. serratus Swaine - - - BC ------P. sierrensis Bright - - - BC ------P. toralis Wood - - - BC AB ------collinus Bright confusus (Bright) P. tuberculatus Eichhoff AK YK - BC AB ------rugicollis Swaine P. venustus Blackman - - - BC ------artifex Blackman
Genus GNATHOTRICHUS Eichhoff Ancyloderes Blackman Gnathotrichoides Blackman
G. materiarius (Fitch) - - - - - SK MB ON PQ NB NS - - - corthyloides Eichhoff G. retusus (LeConte) - - - BC ------alni Blackman G. sulcatus (LeConte) - - - BC ------aciculatus Blackman
Genus MONARTHRUM Kirsch
M. fasciatum (Say) ------ON PQ - - - - - gracile (Eichhoff) simile (Eichhoff) M. mali (Fitch) ------ON PQ NB - - - - longulum Eichhoff M. scutellare (LeConte) - - - BC ------cavum (LeConte) obliquecaudatum (Schedl)
Genus CORTHYLUS Erichson
C. punctatissimus (Zimmermann) ------ON PQ - - - - -