Emergency Preparedness and Response

Bangladesh

Dr. Md. Mamunur Rashid Atomic Energy Commission Presentation Outline

 Country Overview

 NPP Status of Bangladesh

 Radiation Facilities in Bangladesh

 EPR: National Acts and Rules

 National Nuclear or Radiological Emergency Response (NNRER) Plan

 Emergency Drill/Exercise

 Concluding Remarks

Area : 147,570 sq. km Population : 155 million Population Density: 1050 persons per sq. km Per capita Income : USD 1000 Capital City : Language : Bangla Currency : Taka (1 US$ = 80 Taka) Government : Parliamentary Form Main River : Padma, Jamuna & Meghna Climate : Sub-tropical Temperature : 7 - 22 0C in winter & 24- 39 0C in summer Main Export : Jute, Tea, Garments, Frozen Fish etc. Electric Power Situation (1/2)

 Total Generation Capacity ( Dec 2012 ): 8315 MW

 Public Sector : 4544 MW  Private Sector : 3771 MW

 Generation Capacity by Fuel Type:  Natural Gas : 67.21%  Furnace Oil : 22.33%  Diesel : 05.52%  Hydro : 02.58%  Coal : 02.35%

 Maximum Generation: 6314 MW ( 13 April 2013 )

5 Electric Power Situation (2/2) Outline Perspective Plan (OPP) of Bangladesh 2010 – 2021

VISION 2021: - Digital Bangladesh - Electrification for all

Targets of Electricity Generation as per OPP 2010 – 2021:

By the year 2013 : 8,500 MW By the year 2015 : 11,500 MW By the year 2021 : 20,000 MW *

Addition of 2000 MW Nuclear capacity is a part of the ‘ Vision 2021 ’ of the Government of Bangladesh.

*Projected Peak Demand for 2021 as per PSMP-2010: 18,838 MW

6 Nuclear power was identified as a feasible and viable proposition for Bangladesh in early 1960s.

Rooppur Nuclear Power Project (RNPP) site was selected in 1963.

Residential Area: 32 Acres (13 Hectare) The 260 acres (105 hectares) site for RNPP project is large enough for accommodating two or more power units.

A number of feasibility studies were conducted including technical, financial and economic feasibility of the RNPP project. Project Site Area: 260 Acres The Government ofofof Bangladesh and Russian Federation has signed ananan Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) ononon Cooperation Concerning thethethe Construction ofofof Nuclear Power Plants ininin Bangladesh ononon 222nd 2ndndndNovember 20112011. ...

State Minister for Science and Technology Arct. Yeafesh Osman and DG Rosatom Mr. Sergey Kirienko signed the IGA on Cooperation Concerning the Construction of NPP in Bangladesh. The Hon’ble Prime Minister witnessed the signing ceremony. IGA Main features:

Infrastructure development, designing, construction and operation of two nuclear power plants (2000 MW) each of having capacity 1000 MW Development of human resources for the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant Supply of Nuclear Fuel for the said nuclear power plant Help in developing necessary arrangement for decommissioning and nuclear waste management  14-17 January, 2013: Prime Minister of Bangladesh visited the Russian Federation  An agreement of 500 million USD state export credit was signed with the Russian Federation for the preparatory stage of the construction of Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP)  An MOU on the state export credit for the construction of second stage of RNPP was also singed  Main Contract (General Contract) will be signed after completion of the preparatory stage of the construction Preparatory stage of construction : Three separate contracts between Atostroyexport and BAEC 1st Contract was signed on 27 June 2013  Scope: Engineering Survey, Environmental Studies, FE & EIA  Time schedule: Already started and to be completed in 18 months 2nd Contract was signed on 2 October 2013  Scope: Design Documentation, PSAR, PSA-1, First Priority Working Documentation  Time schedule : To be started and to be completed in 20 months 3rd Contract to be signed soon  Scope: First Priority Construction and remaining works for the Preparatory stage Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina inaugurated the first phase of work for the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant on 2 October 2013 Radiation Facilities (1/5)

 Nuclear and Radioactive waste management Facilities  3 MW TRIGA MARK-II Research Reactor  Radioactive Waste Management Unit

 Nuclear Material  ~20% enriched fuel of the research reactor  Uranium cask used in RI production lab.

TRIGA MARK-II Research Reactor Radiation Facilities (2/5)

 Radiation Facilities •Radiotherapy Facilities : 9 units Co-60 Teletherapy machines and 9 LINAC machines • Nuclear Medicine Facilities (15) • Co-60 Irradiation facilities (3) • Industrial practices (NDT, Well-logging, Nucleonic Gauge) (69) •X-ray Installations: 3700 units of different X-ray machines • Research and Education facilities (12) Radiation Facilities (3/5)

Research and Semi-commercial Irradiators Sl. No. Source Activity No. of Unit 01 Co-60 10-65 kCi 2 02 Co-60 350 kCi 1

Co-60 Gamma Irradiator of IFRB Co-60 Gamma Irradiator of IRPT Radiation Facilities (4/5)

Radiotherapy Practices

Sl. No. Source Activity No. of Units 01 Co-60 1-13 kCi 12 02 Ir-192 10-12 Ci 7

Teletherapy Unit (Co-60) used for Targeting Cancerous Tissues Radiation Facilities (5/5)

Industrial Radiography practices

Sl. No. Source Activity No. of Units 01 Ir-192 45-102 Ci 09 02 Cs-137 for controlling X-ray 20 mCieach 04 Crawlers 03 Industrial X-ray Machines Up to 300 kVp 07 EPR: National Act & Rules (1/3)

 Nuclear Safety & Radiation Control (NSRC) Act-1993 (replaced by Act 2012)  Nuclear Safety & Radiation Control (NSRC) Rules-1997  Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory (BAER) Act-2012

 The BAER Act and NSRC Rules requires a license for any person desiring to engage in any practice using radioactive materials or an ionizing radiation source

 The NSRC Rule 1997, Chapter VIII provides the responsibility of licensee for emergency preparedness and response EPR: National Act & Rules (2/3)

Draft Stage:  Regulations on Management of a Nuclear and Radiological Emergency  National Nuclear or Radiological Emergency Response Plan Basis of NSRC Rules-1997:  According to Rule 77.1 of NSRC Rules 1997 , every licensee shall establish in pursuant to applicable standards an emergency response plan to deal with every foreseeable emergency  Rule-77.2 of NSRC Rules 1997, the said emergency response plan shall be approved by the Regulatory Authority EPR: National Act & Rules (3/3)

Basis of BAER Act 2012:

 Chapter-VI of BAER Act 2012 describes regarding EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE containing following features :  (a) Section-40: Arrangement for Emergency Preparedness Plan and Response  (b) Section-41: Emergency Rectification Measures  (c) Section-42: Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Plan- The Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (BAERA) shall be responsible for coordinating all activities for the preparation of National Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Plan and Response to Emergency NNRER Plan

 Provides the Government’s concept of operations based on specific authorities for responding to nuclear or radiological emergencies  Outlines policies and planning considerations on which the concept of operations of this plan and agency specific response plans are based  Specifies authorities and responsibilities of each agency that may have a significant role in such emergencies NNRER Plan: Objective/Goal/Purposes

 The main objective of the NNRER Plan is to establish an organized and integrated capability for timely, effective and coordinated actions of different relevant national authorities/agencies in a peacetime nuclear or radiological emergency.  The primary goal of the plan is to ensure that arrangements are in place for an effective response at the scene and as appropriate, at the local, regional, national and international levels, to a nuclear or radiological emergency.  The general purposes of the NNRER Plan are to:  a) reduce the risk or mitigate the consequences of the nuclear or radiological accident at its source  b) prevent serious deterministic health effects (e.g., death), property, environment  c) reduce the likely stochastic health effects (e.g., cancer) as much as reasonably achievable NNRER Plan: Participating Organizations

 Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST)  Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (BAERA)  Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC)  Ministry of Environment and Forests/Department of Environment  Ministry of Health and Family Welfare/Directorate of Health Services  Department of Fire Service and Civil Defense  Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief/ Department of Disaster Management (DDM)  Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives  Ministry of Agriculture  Ministry of Foreign Affairs  Red Crescent Society  Ministry of Information  Ministry of Home Affairs/Bangladesh Police  Ministry of Communications  Ministry of Finance  Ministry of Defense/Bangladesh Meteorological Department  Geological Survey of Bangladesh  Ministry of Social Affairs  Ministry of Commerce  Ministry of Shipping  Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs  Ministry of Water Resources Emergency Response Drill ( 2 Dec 2012)

25 FTC course: How to use Protective Gear FTC course: How to Decontaminate Concluding Remarks  NPP activities are in the preparatory stage of the construction

 Regulatory Act on EPR is established

 Regulations on EPR are being prepared

 National EPR Plan (draft) has been prepared

 EPR Program & Proceedures for NPP are yet to be prepared  Emergency Exercise/Drill : Not well functional  Experience from “Observing Nuclear Emergency Response Exercise” would be helpful to prepare EPR program and to conduct emergency response exercise in our country Thank you