Special Libraries, September 1973

San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks

Special Libraries, 1973 Special Libraries, 1970s

9-1-1973

Special Libraries, September 1973

Special Libraries Association

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Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, September 1973" (1973). Special Libraries, 1973. 7. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1973/7

This Magazine is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1970s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1973 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. September 1973, vol. 64, no. 9

Yokohama Woodcuts

CI Video Services

0 Core Collections in Planning

0 Simulation Teaching 0 Hospital Library Training

0 Foreign Census Availability

SPLBA 64 (9) 343-414 (1973) lSSN 00386723 1Ql1rediscovered. The end of the missing lndex years.

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P. 0.Box 1143, Austin, Texas 78767 or P. 0.Box 2352, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (512) 478-9014 (303) 482-6540 SEPTEMBER1973 special libraries ..,.ME ,, NUMBER.

Letters 6~ Editorial 343 Foreigners in Japan: Westerners Portrayed in the Yokohama Woodcuts 345 Ann Novotny Video as a Service in Special Libraries 351 Mary Vasilakis A Planning Library: The Practical Approach 355 Anthony M. Oliver The Design of Special Library Teaching Models 362 Martha Jane K. Zachert Training Small Hospital Personnel by the Preceptorship Method 370 Ruth W. Wender Making Foreign Census Documents Available and Accessible 374 Jerry J. Donovan So You Want to Start a Municipal Reference Library 378 Gertrude Pinkney SLA News

SLA Salary Survey 1973 381 In Memoriam 385 Members in the News 383 Vistas

US-USSR Symposium 387 Coming Events 391 Have You Seen? 387 Reviews 391 Have You Heard 389 Pubs 392 Reports of Committees and SLA Representatives 1972173 393 Instructions for Contributors 413

Placement 15~ Index to Advertisers 16~

Editor: JANETD. BAILEY Assistant Editor: NANCYVIGGTANO Advertising Sales: RALPH LESSING Circulation :FREDERICK BAUM Special Libraries is published by Special Libraries Association, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003. O 1973 by Special Libraries Association. Monthly except double issue for May/June. Annual index in Decem- ber issue. Material protected by this copyright may be photocopied for the noncommercial purpose of scholarship or research. Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y., and at additional mailing offices. Subscription Rates. Free to SLA members. Nonmem- bers, USA and Canada, $22.50 per calendar year; add $2.00 postage for other countries. Single copies (re- cen,t years) $2.75 except for August issue (Directory) which is $12.00. Back Issues & Hard Cover Reprints: Inquire Kraus for Reprint Corp., 16 East 46th St., New York, N. Y. Microfilm & Microfiche Editions (1909 to date): Inquire University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Changes of Address. Allow six weeks for all changes to become effective. All communications should include both old and new addresses (with ZIP Codes) and should be accompanied by a mailing label from a recent issue. Members should send their communications to the SLA Membership Department, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N. Y. 10003. Nonmember Subscr~bers should send their communications to the SLA Circulation Department, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N. Y. 10003. Claims for missing numbers will not be allowed if received more than 90 days from date of mailing plus the time normally required for postal delivery of the issue and the claim. No claims are allowed because of failure to notify the Membership Depart- ment or' the Circulation Department (see above) of a change of address, or because copy is "missing from files." Special Libraries Association assumes no responsi- -Heckman's Electronic bility for the statements and opinions advanced by Library Program. This to- the contributors to the Association's publications. tally new program will Instructions for Contributors last appeared in Special I Libraries 62 (110.12): p.567-568 (Dec 1971). A pub- simplify your work and lications brochure is available from the Association's actually cut your bindery New York offices. Editorial views do not necessarily preparation time by 1/3 to I- represent the official position of Special Libraries As- 1/21 New simplified forms sociation. Acceptance of an advertisement does not give you a total and con- imply endorsement of the product by Special Libraries Association. tinuous recycling record I of each publication at your Indexed in: Business Periodicals Index, Informarion fingertips. It's really revo- Science Abstracts, His!orical Abstracts, Hospital Lit- lutionary. . . and it's from I erature Index, Library Literarure, Library G Informa- the originators of 28 day tion Science Abstracts, Management Index, Public Af- fairs Informaf~onService and Science Citation Index. service. Ask your Heck- man representative for I H.E.L.P. Write or phone for free booklet. Membership I

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Donati Dept. 52-08-4 Dept. 15-50-4 3251 Hanover St. 405 Lexington Ave. Palo Alto, Calif. 94304 New York, N.Y. 10017 (415) 493-4411 (212) 697-7171 LETTERS answered many ads requiring just my mix of experience and know-how, and was cha- grined to.learn most would rather hire a young library school grad without experi- 20 Years-for What? ence than an old self-educated one like me. To abbreviate the story-I finally con- Thank you for your inquiry regarding my nected early in 1973 with a company whose absence from the rolls of the Special Librar- need is great and who sets much store by my ies Association, after many years of member- experience rather than adamantly requiring ship. the old MLS. I am happy there, despite a The decision to withdraw was a painful long drive to work daily, doing my own one, reached only after much consideration. cataloging, typing, records, etc. I work for I suppose my reasoning is selfishly motivated about half my former rate and punch the as are most acts, if man owns up. clock-but believe me, there are no illusions Quite frankly I decided finally that I on either side as to status. should no longer delude myself that I was They know I'm not a professional (de- a true "professional" despite 20 years on the greed); but they love the way I organize and nose experience, despite origination of a accomplish what they require done. They massive well-known, automated system for a intimate "great things" as we (the company department of the Federal Government, and I) struggle upward together. I can only despite origination of professional level em- hope so, since I don't believe my family and ployee job-descriptioni and classifications to I could survive another period like I have handle the work, despite my employment been through. of professionals and overseeing of their ef- Oh yes, I tried the placement services of forts toward goals established by myself, both SLA and ASIS. But the absence of thq despite my invited participation in local membership card (MLS) made me a "least state college-level library courses, despite likely" candidate. Even the words of praise my selection as Industrial Representative of former professional associates in industry, and Management participant in seminars government, and educational circles had at USC, UCLA, etc. no effect. Personnel men simply could not And I can hear you say "but why?"-and see my salary level with no degree. I even well you might. For the simple reason that offered to work for less just for a chance- despite the work-history outlined above and to no avail. the- unchallenged success of my program So I am at last relocated in library work (still in operation), I was the one "elimi- using my 20 years experience to good effect nated" when budgetary considerations made so far. But thanks in no way, shape, or form personnel reviews and reductions necessary to SLA or ASIS (which I have also fore- in 1970. I say "the one" because there were sworn). two of us considered-myself, and a profes- I feel that both organizations need to take sional librarian with the necessary degrees, a long look at their requirements for full etc. whom I had hired and actually trained membership, with the values (in many cases in my theories and practices of automation superior ones) of actual extended experi- of large repositories of information. It ences either automatically credited, or cred- would have been necessary to reduce this ited after written or oral examinations- person's salary in the retrenchment program, much in the fashion of the "do-it-yourself" and I had initiated the necessary papers for degree programs now established at some, it to be done. A new administrator ques and proposed for many other universities. tioned the salary downgrading in view of No one regrets lack of a degree more than the degrees, etc. and my lack of them (no I do; but I certainly feel righteous indigna- reference to the jobs done or position held) tion at short-sighted personnel men, and the -and.said, "he has been in hat chair to6 highly degree-conscious management levels long, anyway!!" So there I was at age 50, responsible for staffing. I was assigned a spe- Special Librarian I thought, good experi- cial library to get up off its knees, improve, ence, should have no problem-Hal! I al- etc. I took the job, and in 20 years I feel lowed another organization to pick my brain (as do many others) that I did a creditable for a year . . . then, bang-the sidewalk job-for which I was pitched when it came again. I worked another year attempting to to a choice of a degree or my experience. switch to the selling field before deciding Why kid myself that I can ever aspire to be that certainly wasn't my game. Meanwhile I considered a "pro" despite membership in ASIS and SLA-So why continue the game? the way that the majority of persons who Again-thanks for your concern-you're the voted for them intended. only one who has asked. In summary, I believe that our representative system is operating as it should, Rudely Awakened* with our representatives administering SLA's business efficiently even without membership * Although letters in Special Libraries are ordi- communication. I do not expect that the narily signed, the present interest of this letter percentage of membership participation and is such that we feel it appropriate to agree to the request of the author that the paper be communication will increase. Channels presented pseudonymously. should be kept open, but for our representatives to fret over or to even consider lack of use of the channels is to waste energy which "Let's Continue Talking Together" should be better used for productive association activities. Friendly Open Letter to Edward G. Stra- I hope and expect that my comments here ble and Zoe L. Cosgrove re: Editorial in may stimulate expression of a contrary view- Special Libraries, p.173 (Apr 1973). point. As mine is a relaxed acceptance of At the moment of this writing I am al- the operating status quo, I do urge that any- most uninvolved in official SLA business. I one presenting an opposing position do so have in the past been involved as a commit- with an accompanying feasible constructive tee member, chairman, Chapter Bulletin solution to the problem. "Somebody ought Editor, Chapter President, Association Board to . . ." is not enough. of ~irectorimember, and Conference chair- Loyd Rathbun man. M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory Cambridge, Mass. It is pleasant to be uninvolved, especially knowing from experience of how much time and effort, responsibility, and sometimes Help for the Beleaguered Librarian disparagement I am presently free. Our administration can try to get more I agree with Ms. Rice [Special Libraries membership support, articulation of con- 64 (no.4): 203-206 (Apr 1973)l that biblio- cerns, opinions and recommendations on graphic reference in a reports collection can which to act. But I believe that it is a futile easily be perfo~medby non-professional per- and thankless effort. The channels are open; sonnel. Our extensive reports collection has those who try at all do get througl~Under for many years been the responsibility of a the circumstances I think that our elected cleik working under minimum professional officers are quite justified in considering that supervision. In addition, we do no cataloging the majorit; of members is content. at all for the reports, not even a report It is my own feeling that, lacking any ex- number file as described by Ms. Rice. This pressed directions from the members, the means that unless the requestor has rather officers of our association sl~ouldconsider it complete information, our only method of their duty to act for SLA as they see fit. access to the collection is the various pub- They are serving as volunteers, receiving no lished indexes to technical reports. financial benefits and little honor. Only the To date we,llave successf~~~~trained clerks president receives even a slight recompense and student assistants for this task with back- $or expenses. Their actions will naturally grounds ranging from a high school educa- be what they believe is best for SLA. As I tiou to graduate degree candidates. One expect then1 to trust me and my integrity, I hectic summer, one of our student assistants believe in and trust theirs. traiued himself so that he could help out The Board of Directors' decisions are during the vacations of other staff members! based on real information. ancl thev discuss We have fo~~ndthat the formalized portion and deliberate much more than is ever done of the training need not be a long, drawn- by members in general. I do not always like out process when a PI-ofessionalor other per- the decisions, but I know that they are care- son experienced in these procedures is avail- fully and honestly arrived at. Board members able to answer questions and assist on more are members of SLA representing all associa- difficult examples as they come up in actual tion members, including me. Lacking any practice. consensus, and with few expressed opinions Edwina Pancake irom others, they must act on their own University of Virginia Library convictions. Frankly, I believe that this is Charlottesville, Va. 22901 A New Index nator of Clincal Pharmacy and founder of PERC, would welcome visitors.

As a student member of SLA from St. Carmine Varano Department of Library Science John's University, Department of Library St. John's University Science, I am submitting the following in- Jamaica, N.Y. 11439 formation which may be of help to others who have similar interests. I have been doing a comprehensive index- Mercury to the Rescue ing project with audio and video cassette tapes in our Pharmacy Education Resources I am glad Massrs. Buginas & Crow [Special Center (PERC). To accomplish this special Libraries 64 (no.1): 12-17 (Jan 1973)l "en- work, I was given a Graduate Assistantship countered no difficulty in writing . . . inter- from St. John's University, College of Phar- faces" (whatever that means). They do en- macy and Allied Health Professions, because counter difficulty sing hr~rclearScience AB- in addition to being enrolled as a full-time styacts which, they say, "does not index MLS candidate, I am also a pharmacist. to 'hlonte Carlo ;\lethod.' " So far, I have indexed more than 100 of In the annual indexes to NSA I found: our cassette tapes, and they are all easily v.23 (1969): 45 entries; v.24 (1970): 6 entries; retrievable by way of our file card index, 1.25 (1971): 15 entries. numbering over 600, containing key words That 11-second computer search time of titles, as well a3 other terms that I felt which "includen getting the data base on and pharmacy students and our faculty would be off the computer" fascinates me. I can just inclined to use. see their decathlon champion running that The system was made as simple as possible; tape reel down from the tape library and recall codes are composed of merely a num- making that neat discus throw right onto the ber and a letter. tape drive! 0 brave new world1 Should anyone be interested in what we Irving H. Neufeld have accomplished, Sister Jane Marie Dur- United Aircraft Research Laboratories gin, C.I.J., Assistant Professor and Coordi- East Hartford, Conn. 06108

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For those concerned with the im- on one hand as an overzealous applica- proved effectiveness of information trans- tion of "national security" in the federal fer, recent events and continuing trends government's classification system can be may foretell the state of tomorrow's in- translated into an overzealous concern formation activities. for the so-called moral life of the indi- Just as we are entering a period of vidual in the case of the pornography technology that can open the way for ruling. What unites these cases is the information to be easily available to single frightening attitude that there is those in need, there are persons in some "someone" who can and should decide sectors of society who apparently would what is best for the user. limit this availability. Events such as these severely limit the Certainly concerns regarding govern- librarian's ability to obtain, retrieve, and mental prior restraint of news by government agencies have been shown to be distribute information efficiently. If the well-founded. The unbelievable-and librarian must fear judicial prosecution unknown-volume of classified informa- and punishment in the very fulfillment tion with an improper security classifi- of his duty, then certainly his integrity cation keeps much hidden or masked in an objective dissemination of informa- from the public examination. Most re- tion could be shaken. Taken to its ulti- cently, the US. Supreme Court's decision mate, if the reporter or artist must fear permitting state decisions as to obscenity punishment, certainly his willingness to (disregarding the "social value" test) oc- create will be severely stifled. Is there casioned an ALA petition to the Su- still time to get off the path which will preme Court to request the Court's re- lead to a dearth of information instead consideration of its decisions affecting the of our present "suffering" from a deluge First Amendment. The Court decision, if of information? permitted to stand, would cause the li- In a democratic society, enlightened brarian (or bookseller) to be legally re- choice cannot exist without access to in- sponsible for dispensing material la- formation. When the government shirks belled pornographic by different stand- its responsibility as the guardian of that ards in different communities. access, the librarian must fill the void. These apparently disparate actions SLA's Statement on Freedom to Com- are variations on a common theme and municate is notable in this regard. each in its own way constitutes a restraint of information. What we witness FOREIGN LANGUAGE INDEX

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Public Affairs Information Service, Inc. 11 West 40th Street, New York, N.Y. 10018 Foreigners in Japan Westerners Portrayed in the Yokohama Woodcuts

Ann Novotny New York, N.Y. 10024

crowded with American, Dutch, Ger- Impressions of the first Westerners in man, and French "barbarians." Japan in the 1860s are presented through The opening of Japan to the West photographs of popular woodcuts of the was to have unforeseen effects on both period. A short narrative reports the im- that country and the U.S., in economic, portance of this unusual news form. political, military, and cultural spheres. From the point of view of art historians, it is conventionally agreed that mid- nineteenth-century contact with Euro- pean culture had a negative effect on COMMODOREMATTHEW C. native art. From the viewpoint of those Perry sailed to Japan with an Ameri- interested in the history of iconography, can fleet in 1853 and returned home with however, the end of 200 years of Japa- a treaty guaranteeing protection for nese isolation resulted in a little-known shipwrecked U.S. seamen, the right to school of art that is unusually curious buy coal, and-most important for pos- and beguiling. terity-opening certain ports to Ameri- While Westerners were enthralled by can trade. The port of Yokohama, spe- tales of the strange Japanese and prop- cifically, was opened to foreign traders agated their own version of their folk- in 1859, and by 1860 the once small and ways (The Mikado appeared in 1885), secluded seaport had been transformed the Japanese were equally intrigued by into a bustling, bawdy trading center the few weirdly dressed "red hairs" in their midst. They expressed some sus- picion or hostility, much fascination and amusement. A 40-page illustrated catalog, Foreigners in Everyone in Japan soon heard about Japan: Yokohama and Related Woodcuts in the interesting barbarians, but few Japa- the Philadelphia Museum of Art, is available for $2.95 plus postage from the Philadelphia nese were able to see them. The tiny fish- Museum or from the Bookshop of the Brook- ing village of Yokohama in Edo Bay was lyn Museum. The illustrations on these the main trading center, according to the pages are from this catalog. They are pub- treaty, and the Westerners were not al- lished by the courtesy of the Philadelphia lowed to travel far from it (by law, they Museum. The photography is by A. J. Wy- could go no further than one man could att. walk and return in one day, a distance Article, "Foreigners in Japan: Yokohama agreed on as being about 17 miles). In Woodcuts," originally printed in Picture- Edo, only 18 miles away from Yoko- scope 20 (no.4): 162-170 (1972). hama, traditional artists, woodblock cut- ters and publishers had flourished for nearly 200 years, and these printmakers quickly went to work to inform their more remote compatriots what the strangers really looked like. By 1861, numbers of colorful woodcuts were being published. The hooped skirts and ribboned bonnets of the la- dies, the elegant uniforms of the naval officers, the Westerners' strange custom of sitting in chairs, their manner of rid- ing a horse, their cigars, their pets and their amusements were all chronicled in woodcuts that purported to be true like- nesses. The strangers were shown as they strolled by the waterfront, went sight- seeing, visited tea houses and encoun- tered Japanese goldfish, fabrics, and food. Made quickly as a popular art form, or as a vehicle for information, these vigorous and bold prints are very different from the understated, elegant and subtle woodcuts normally associated with 18th-century and early 19th-century Japan. The colors are strong and the approach is vital and refreshing. But references to the Yokohama school of Figure !. An American Woman on 1860-1863 seldom appear in standard his- Horseback in the Snow (Amerika), 10/18@ (color woodcut). Oban; 14" x tories of Japanese printmaking. These 9%". Signature: Oju Hiroshige. Publisher: J5shiiya unusual woodcuts may be considered a JGz6. Engraver: Hori Yasu. Reference: Boehringer, form of news bulletin, rather than art. p.25. The poem by Hananoya reads: "The wind is strong, The printmakers' concern for convey- and the horse, struck by the whip, is wet by the snow ing information sometimes led them to and rain. America!" (Kaze araki koma sue muchi ni uchinurete furimidaretaru yuki to Amerika). inscribe detailed captions on their wood- This is the first state of the print with poem and cuts. For example, on one print of "A poet's seal, from an untitled series of perhaps six Dutch Couple Strolling," a descriptive prints, designed jointly with Yoshitomi. text carefully explains that Holland is 12,900 ri away across the sea from Ja- ducing these prints at the peak of public pan; that the people are white skinned interest, there were some who were not with red hair; that their noses are high too worried about strict accuracy. Some and their eyes round; that they wear a prints were drawn from personal obser- lot of clothing, much of it woven from vation, obviously, but others equally ob- wool; that they write only horizontally; viously depended largely on the artist's that they eat all kinds of fowl and meat; vivid imagination. The print entitled that they are intelligent and better than "American Woman on Horseback in the any other people at surgery. Snow," for example, shows an almond- In spite of their attention to detail, eyed beauty sitting side-saddle on a the Yokohama printmakers found it im- prancing horse, wearing a flowing black possible to avoid giving the Westerners robe and a feathered headdress (see Fig- notably oriental eyes and features. The ure 1). ingrained conventions of style were too When the artists turned to satisfying strong for realism. And among the forty Japanese curiosity about the strangers' or more artists who were hurriedly pro- homelands, accuracy was conquered by misinformation and fantasy. What did woman on horseback, referred to above, the great city of Paris look like? Where is described as French in a print by was Washington? How did the foreigners Sadahide, as a Russian by Yoshiiku, and live at home? In answer to such ques- as English in a second version by Hiro- tions, a nqw series of woodcuts began to shige 11, the artist who originally called appear. "The City of Paris," made in her American. 1862 by Yoshitora (Figure 2), shows a Production of the Yokohama prints waterside town resembling some mythi- peaked in 1861, after which there was a cal Venice or Amsterdam, dominated by quick decline in their popularity. Japa- ships and a huge lighthouse and, in the nese curiosity may have been satisfied, or distance, Kremlin-like towers. The cap- turned to other topics. Prints of the bar- tion describes a city "on the banks of the baric foreigners were largely replaced Seine (Shone) River, with great, well- by a fad for "measles prints" after a built castles, towers, gates an2 avenues," newsworthy epidemic. and "a great government office building Over 100 of these curious prints were which is richly decorated" and took 100 exhibited in the spring of 1972 at the years to build. The U.S. was a place Philadelphia Museum of Art, then in where "balloons fly through the air and Dec 1972-Jan 1978 in the Print Gallery are, like steamships, a primary form of of the Brooklyn Museum. John Canaday transportation. . .- . here &e discus- of the New York Times commented that sions in the great cities about com- the show was "a delightful exhibition of merce. The capital is Washington and unfamiliar material . . . extremely ap- it can be compared in its prosp&y with pealing" (Apr 9, 1972). With the excep- Japan. Ships sail from the port of tion of eight prints loaned from private California (Karihoruniya) for trading collections, the works exhibited belong throughout the world." to the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Many of the Yokohama prints appear Through the initiative of Kneeland Mc- in different editions, being copied by Nulty, the Museum's Curator of Prints, one artist from another, with changing Drawings and Photographs, the group of captions and details. The American prints was purchased as a collection.

Figure 2. The City of Paris, France, 1862 (color woodcut). By Yoshitora. Figure 3. An Englishman with a Musket (Igirisujin), from "People of the Barbarian Nations" (Bankoku jimbutsu me), 1/1861 (color woodcut). eban;l4%l1x 9%". Signature: lchieisai Yoshitsuya ga, with paulownia seal. Publisher: Ebiya Rinnosuke. En- graver: Matsushima Seikichi. Reference: Nonogami 115. The poem by Kanagaki Robun reads: "They who live in distant lands beyond the sea seem swayed by our godly winds" (Ikuchi sato kairo hedatete sumu hito mo waga kamikaze ni fuki nabikumeri).

Figure 4. Foreigners Looking at Three Pygmies (Kobitojirna), 5/1863 (color woodcut). Gban; 14%" x 9%". Signature: Yoshikazu ga. Reference: Ukiyo-e Taisei (Tokyo: T6h6 Shoin, 1930-31), vol. 12, no. 439; Ukiyo-e Jiten (Tokyo: Gabundij, 1971), vol. 3, p. 415. The text may be translated: "Pygmy Island (Kobito- iima). These people come to Yokohama from the Land of Little People, which is about 10,800 ri west of Japan. Their names are Nintoku, age 45, height 1 shaku, 5 sun; his wife Nojo [?] age 38, 1 shaku, 4 sun high; and their son Settoku, age 5, 6 sun high."' (Their handprints are shown full size.) Figure 5. A Foreigner on Horseback 6/1860 (color woodcut). 6ban; 13" x 9". Signature: Yoshimori; seal: &mi; calligraphy seal: KBsai. Pub- lisher: Echigoya ChBhachi. Reference: Tamba 240. A rare print. Tamba was convinced that his impression was unique. The calligraphy at left is by Yoshi- mori and may be read: "Mountain colors produce picture-poems" (Son shoku zuga o shussu).

Figure 6. A Russian Couple Holding Hands (~oshiajin),from ''The Five -Nations" (~okakokuno uchi), 10/1861 (color woodcut). Bbon; 14%'' x 9%''. Signature: Kunihisa ga, in toshidama cartouche. Pub- lisher: Tsujiokoya Bunsuke. From a series of five prints. The text is a Japanese- Russian vocabulary, compiled by Kakutei ShSka, dwl- ing with weather, human relations, and miscellaneous objects. The couple is taken from a print by Yoshifuji or an earlier model. Figure 7. A Dutchman with a Long Pipe (Orondaiin), from "Foreign Lands" (Bonkoku no uchi), 3/1862 (color woodcut). abon; 13%" x 9%". Signa- ture: Yoshitora go. Publisher: Yamadaya Shojiro.

Figure 8. A Frenchman Photographing, Assisted by his Wife (Furonsu), 1/1861. bbon; 14W x 9%". Signature: lssen Yoshikazu ga. Publisher: Izu- miya Ichibei. Reference: Nonogami 15. From an untitled series of at least five prints on yel- low background. Received for review Apr 11,1973. Manu- script accepted for publication May 3, 1973.

Ann Novotny is a free-lance picture researcher and director of Research Re- ports, an editorial consulting service, New York. Video as a Service in Special Libraries A Videotaped Presentation

Mary Vasilakis Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Nuclear Energy Systems, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15230

The closed circuit television distribu- cation of video as a communications tool tion system operated by the Westing- in business and industry has been well house Electric Corporation Nuclear established. The library's role in provid- Center Library is described. Video serving such services will continue to grow. ices established in 1969 for training This presentation shows how video is nuclear plant operators has expanded to used and transmitted by the library to include employee indoctrination pro- groups ranging in size from a single grams, procedure demonstrations, com- viewer to hundreds at various locations munity relations projects and presenta- throughout the nuclear center. tion of engineering concepts. The appli-

THEUSE of television as a communi- One example of such involvement is cations tool in industry has been well the special library at the Westinghouse established (I). It has been predicted Electric Corporation Nuclear Center. that by 1980, television may well domi- Since 1968, the library has been closely nate as "the" information system in in- allied with the development and opera- dustry, government, and education (2). tion of video for in-house use and is The impact of video has already been currently providing services associated felt by libraries in the academic com- with this activity. These services include munity, and special libraries are becom- operating the video distribution system, ing increasingly involved in providing assisting in teleproduction (including op- video services ranging from such basic erating cameras and lights), maintaining functions as maintaining video tape and the video tape library, cataloging and cassette libraries to operating complete indexing tapes, providing research for closed circuit television systems (CCTV). scripts, obtaining copyright clearances, and controlling release of in-house pro- This is a manuscript version of the video- duced video tapes. taped presentation for publication in Special Some of these terms may be new to Libraries. you. Briefly defined they are, as pictured: At the nuclear center, the video stu- center collection-some eight thousand dio was first established to provide a items-was transferred to Zion, and facility for producing video tapes as a plans were made to establish video capa- tool in training nuclear power plant op- bilities there. Expanded video facilities erators. (As a supplier of nuclear steam were also required at the new group supply systems to the electric utility in- headquarters facility-the nuclear center dustry, Westinghouse also provides ex- built in Monroeville, Pa. Thus in the tensive training programs for utility per- short space of two years, the library was sonnel.) Initially, the library staff par- involved in the operation of two tele- ticipated in teleproduction by operating vision studios and two video distribution cameras and video tape recorders. Video systems. tapes were duplicated, cataloged, in- At the nuclear training center in Zion, dexed, and a playback station was set up video facilities are used primarily for in the library where an individual could classroom instruction. There, too, the view video tapes. To assist instructors, a librarian assists in the production of room was set aside to serve as an instruc- video tapes, maintains the tape library, tional media center. All library mate- and operates the equipment for playback rials needed to prepare lectures as well of video tapes into three classrooms. The as audio-visual classroom aids and texts library also is responsible for the opera- were housed here. tion of "critique" rooms which are used To meet the critical need for training by trainees for reviewing classroom lec- large classes of students in nuclear power tures or, perhaps, their own video taped plant operation, a new facility was built performance at the controls of a nuclear in Zion, Ill. The instructional media power plant simulator. At the nuclear center in Monroeville, video capabilities are used in a variety of ways : In-house training programs Presentation of engineering concepts Repeated or slow speed recording of test events or special events Marketing presentations Community relations presentations Teaching courses, such as FOR- TRAN Programming, obtained from educational TV producers. Video is used for these purposes because it offers advantages which cannot be Figure 1. Individual viewing carrel. Library achieved by other communications user reviews video taped engineering media. Briefly these include: presentation.

Immediate viewing-. (i.e., instant re- play) Ease of simultaneous distribution. A wide audience can be reached while creating a personal contact between the speaker and audience Ease and relatively low cost of producing and making duplicate program tapes Ease of correcting, editing, and updating tapes. The video tapes are produced by a professionally trained director who operates the studio, while the distribution system is operated by library personnel. The studio is equipped to produce black and white video tapes in either 1-inch or *inch formats. Cameras, microphones, lights and set materials are located in the studio while VTRs, monitors, and various special components are in the ad- Figure 2. Video distribution center in library. Librarian monitors video tape playback jacent control room. The studio is also being transmitted over internal distribution equipped to edit existing tapes; change cable. format from 1-inch to Y2-inch tapes or reverse; and to dub in or change the audio track. Existing movies or slides ers to play back tapes, three RF modula- may be incorporated into a video tape tors which allow for sending video over program. three channels simultaneously, and three The video distribution system, equip- monitors which enable the operator to ment necessary to transmit both video see the actual picture being transmitted. and audio output in a live or taped Video signals may be transmitted to a presentation to selected locations single viewer at a carrel located in the throughout the building, is located in library, to groups of eight in the library the library. The basic components of conference room, to groups of 20 in this system are three video tape record- conference rooms on upper floors of the building, or several hundred people in services will grow. In the near future, we the nuclear center auditorium. A "live" intend to produce a video tape on library closed-circuit presentation may be made facilities for use by all new employees. directly from the studio to any combi- We also plan one on library procedures so nation or to all of these areas. that we will have a training tool for new Video tapes are cataloged, indexed, library employees as well. There is more and stored in the library. Master tapes to come . . . we are evaluating the cur- are kept in a fire proof security vault rent trend to video cassettes and disks while duplicates are maintained in a for possible future application (4). Li- stack area for daily use and circulation. brarians have traditionally been in- Both areas meet optimum temperature volved with the "message" . . . from now and humidity requirements for storing on they will be involved with the "me- video tapes (3). The tape library cur- dium" as well! rently consists of 130 titles. New titles are brought to the attention of personnel Literature Cited via the weekly Current Acquisitions Bul- letin issued by the library staff. The li- 1. Stasheff, Edward and Aryeh Lavi / Zn- brary also serves as a control and ac- structional Television in Industry (ZTVZ): A Suruey. Ann Arbor, Michigan University, countability station for video tapes. Office of Research Administration, 197 1. Clearances for releasing internally pro- 2. Quick, John and Herbert Wolff / Small- duced tapes outside the corporation are Studio Video Tape Production. Addison- obtained through the library. Copyright Wesley, 1972. laws are strictly observed, and the library 3. Efrein, Joel L. / Video Tape Production acts as, a clearinghouse in obtaining per- and Communication Techniques. Blue mission to use copyrighted materials in Ridge Summit, Pa., TAB Books, 1971. teleproduction. Such items as back- 4. Poulos, Arthur / Audio and Video Cas- ground music, film clips, pictures, slides, settes, Friend or Foe of the Librarian? or charts are carefully investigated for Special Libraries 63 (nos.5/6): 222-226 proper copyright clearance and credits. (May/ Jun 1972). The library's statistical records on video use show a positive growth trend. Received for review Apr 18, 1973. Manu- There is no question that video as a script accepted for publication Apr 30, communications tool has established it- 1973. Presented Jun 12, 1973, as a Con- self at the Nuclear Center. As more uses tributed Paper, during SLA's 64th An- are found, the library's role in providing nual Conference in Pittsburgh. A Planning Library The Practical Approach

Anthony M. Oliver State of Hawaii, Department of Planning and Economic Development, Honolulu, Hawaii

Agency Versus Academia I The organization of a core collection As a preface that perspective and how in the library of an urban planning it differs will be described. The two agency is discussed. The use of Terma- differ in the age old way of theory trex information retrieval system is con- versus practice; the agency versus the sidered in the light of "A Planning Li- academic planning collection. This is not brary: The Empirical Approach," Special mentioned sneeringly in the context of Libraries 62 (no.9): 335-339 (Sep 1971), "wait till you get out in the real world, an article on the same subject. etc." but to clarify some very basic and important differences. The theoretical nature of graduate study permits a greater degree of freedom in areas of interest, the exploration of new ap- IN HIS ARTICLE "A Planning Li- proaches and methods, the testing of brary: The Emperical Approach" (I) hypotheses, the laying of the foundation Roger Boldt described the organization of for future applications. Except for the the collection at the University of Iowa's sometimes harried preparation of term Program in Urban and Regional Plan- papers, it is considerably less constrained ning. The article raised some very in- by time. Finally, a program of graduate teresting and important questions about study is, by definition, backed up by the the nature of a planning library, the resources of a university-sized research theory of subject headings and the "tra- library. In contrast to and in spite of ditional cataloging" versus "information popular conceptions and the philosophy science" approach-to the organization of of planner as advocate, most urban plan- materials. Even more interesting than ners are tied to a government organiza- the questions raised were the answers tion, either directly as civil servants or suggested-all were thought provoking, indirectly as members of consulting but some should be challenged. The firms whose financial solvency depends ideas presented below are not meant to on public funds. Given such a situation, be taken as a rebuttal. They are an al- it is easy to see that planning can be ternative, a look at the same problem and very often is a passive rather than an from a different perspective. active profession. Executive policy, legislative mandate and judicial decision, There is little debate about the con- either singly or in combination, define stantly changing nature of the planning the role of the planner (2). profession. Indeed it is often impossible Because the agency must be able to to tell where the interests of planners lie react to policy decisions made on the today and obviously even more difficult outside and must often react quickly, to predict the trends of tomorrow in this experimentation in acquisitions and unstable, hybrid discipline. There are organization could very quickly render certain materials, however, which are in an agency collection useless and irrele- constant demand and must be immedi- vant. I agree with Boldt that "real ately available to the working urban libraries arise out of specific needs . . ." planner. These materials make up the (1, p.335), but would disagree with what core collection. In addition to plans seems to be his implication that innova- themselves, the following are examples tion can always answer those needs in a of this type, followed in most cases by planning library. Adherence to tradi- the type of reference question for which tional methods in an academic planning they are most often used. collection might very well be suicide and, conversely, innovation might prove equally disastrous in a governmental Budgets collection. The question of time is a crucial one The planner must know what the in the library of a planning agency. financial limitations are for a given proj- Coupled with the passive role of the ect. The operating and capital improve- agency planner versus the active role of ment budgets of city and state govern- the academic planner is the problem of ments are essential to this aspect of the the deadline. Theoretical work demands collection and it is not enough to have time for study without undue pressure. only the current budgets. The planner Practical work should require the same must often consider past trends in gov- but, unfortunately, it is rarely provided. ernmental expenditures to properly esti- What is provided, and usually too soon, mate the possibilities and limitations is the due date. for a given project. The budget of the The final point of difference is that an federal government is almost as impor- agency is rarely backed up by the biblio- tant as those of the lower levels of gov- graphic resources of an academic insti- ernment. The impact of increased aid tution. (Interlibrary cooperation has to states and municipalities in recent somewhat alleviated this problem but years has had far reaching effects on not entirely.) Therefore, the indepen- planning. In the preparation of a gen- dence of an agency library demands a eral plan it would be impossible for the "core collection" which is readily avail- planner to make realistic proposals with- able and as up to date as time and out knowing how much has been budg- circumstances permit. Boldt suggests that eted for such essential items as street "while it may be true that a 'core' col- improvements, power lines and water lection has some limitations for any and sewage service. There may be end- field, such a collection is less than useful less reams of policy statements concern- for urban planning. There are few plan- ing what the government's agenda of ners today who would be satisfied with priorities should be, but the figures re- any 'standard' planning collection" (1, flected in the budget documents will say p.336). While it may be possible to dis- what the government's priorities are. If pense with the core in an academic the planner has this knowledge, he will planning library, in an agency the plan- be able to write proposals that have some ners demand it! It is for that reason that opportunity of gaining acceptance by the the ingredients of the core collection will legislators and the public, or he will at be dwelt on at some length in this discus- least know what kind of a fight the plan sion. will face. Legislation impact statement without knowing the intent of the legislation that requires Whether he is dealing with questions the submission of such statements. of zoning and land use, or the social impacts of highway construction and Statistics urban renewal, the planner is required to know what effect existing laws will Nothing could be considered more es- have on a project and whether a given sential to the modern social sciences than proposal is even possible under existing statistics and planners are definitely law. A more obvious example of the im- social scientists. Those who consider the portance of legislation is that a large planner to be a Renaissance visionary number of planning projects are the di- or social architect may decry the overa- rect result of legislative mandate. As bundance of statistics and the value at- mentioned above, the increased number tributed to them, but plans must be of federal grants to state and local gov- based on facts and often, too often per- ernments brings with it requirements haps, statistics are the only facts the and guidelines for the use of federal public and its representatives will ac- monies. Thus it is imperative that the cept. Under the broad heading of statis- planner know the precise wording of tics we find everything from the relative existing statutes providing money for exhaustiveness of census materials to esti- housing programs, acquisition of open mates of the number of persons willing space land, historic preservation, devel- to use mass transit to the number of opment of mass transit systems, com- building permits issued in a given munity development, and the numerous month. (Census materials will be dis- other undertakings currently in progress cussed at greater length below.) The on the urban scene. An absolute mini- long established economic indicators are mum collection here would include the among the most recurrent statistics in US. Code and the Statutes at Large, the answering of reference questions- along with the laws governing the area what is the current unemployment rate? in which the planner is working. The Which are the most important of our agency library should subscribe to at industries in terms of dollar contribu- least one of the better private congres- tions to the local economy? What is the sional reporting services in order to keep gross state or national product? How on top of happenings in the current ses- many home mortgages are started over sion of the Congress. It would make a a given period of time? Is there a slump planner appear more than a little foolish period for home buying? What is the to propose a long-term project which rate of participation of women in the would be unworkable under current law labor force and how does our rate com- or not to have taken into account some pare with that of other cities? Added to piece of legislation which is about to these old standbys are the now popular pass the Congress or state legislature and social indicators, an attempt to measure would have important effects on the the quality of life in termsmore compre- proposal. The National Environmental hensive than those expressed in measure- Policy Act, the Coastal Zone Manage- ments of economic growth. It remains to ment Act, and the various proposals for a be seen whether the well-being of the National Land Use Policy Act currently citizenry can be measured in statistical under consideration are specific exam- terms, but for the moment planners are ples of the necessity of keeping abreast trying to gauge not only the quantity of of current legislation. It would be almost growth but also whether or not that impossible to plan for recreational areas quantity is accompanied by an increase along the shoreline without knowing in the quality of human existence. The how the area might be affected by the concept of social indicators brings up Coastal Zone law, and more than a little such questions as what is the infant difficult to evaluate an environmental mortality rate (not a new concept but one that is being used in new ways)? tive of the type: directories of planning How much open space land is available organizations and their members, direc- for residents of high density areas? Is tories of officials on various levels of gov- there a relationship between density and ernment, directories on organizations social disorganization (this too is not an ranging in size from the international entirely new concept)? What are the to the community based, guides to rates of pollution levels in the air and the availability of funds and grants, water? Is there any correlation between and directories of institutes, universities, income levels and rates of suicide and/or etc. Because consultants are an im- mental illness? These are only a samp- portant part of urban planning, it is ling of the myriad reference questions handy to have a listing of the consulting asked almost every day in an agency services available, either a directory of planning library. those firms specializing in certain types of consultation or a more general one. Maps Indexes, Bookfinders In the very recent past a master plan consisted of little more than a detailed In addition to basics such as BZP, land use map which served as a guide Subject Guide to BZP and the Reader's for development. Now when the very Guide, there are a number of other idea of development is under attack, the sources essential to the core collection. master plan has become more than just They are the following, Housing and a map with an accompanying narrative Planning References issued by the Li- portion. Yet the map has remained a key brary of HUD in Washington, Public element of the plan. The range of maps Aflairs Information Seruice Bulletin necessary to answer basic questions can which comes as close to anything as the be small as far as the library is con- standard source for periodical references cerned, becaase a drafting section is in the field of planning, The Monthly almost always included in a planning Catalog of US. Government Publica- department and for the most part it is tions and Government Reports An- more efficient if the draftsmen who are nouncements and Index, an abstracting most familiar with maps maintain the service of the Commerce Department's collection. A knowledge of how to read National Technical Information Service maps, however, is important for the which lists reports of government spon- basic reference questions. The types used sored research in many fields. The most often are tax maps, which give de- Monthly Checklist of State Publications tailed information on property owner- is important and the library should also ship and boundaries of parcels, topo- have a similar listing of local publica- graphic and political maps for obvious tions if available. reasons, and maps which give specialized information such as soil suitability and Periodicals locations of flood plains. In addition to the obvious periodical titles such as the Journal of the Ameri- Directories and Guides can Institute of Planners and the Plan- Everything is included under this ning Advisory Seruice of the American broad heading, from the various editions Society of Planning Officials, there are a of Who's Who to the Catalog of Federal number of others, some well known and Domestic Assistance. The latter is an im- others relatively obscure, but all essential portant complement to the items men- to the core collection. Because the inter- tioned under the heading of legislation. ests of a planning agency can vary with There are too many individual titles to time, the periodical collection should be be listed here, but a sampling of the flexible. For instance, while the two kinds of sources will serve as representa- listed above are necessities, there are the need to conserve its resources (both natural and man-made) and an important part of conservation and preservation is knowing what exists. The pictures mentioned here can consist of photographs, sketches, paintings, films, drawings, or any other visual record of the natural and cultural assets of a region. Pictures of a building as it now exists can be used in the future to help in reconstruction and restoration. Pic- tures of natural areas can be useful as an inventory of the resources of an area in other titles which can be of value for a time when their very survival is in only a limited amount of time, e.g., for doubt and as a powerful reminder of the duration of a particular project. The how much man has to lose by allowing library should have at least one (prefer- them to go unprotected. They can be ably more) architecture magazine and at part of books or they may be books con- least one devoted to environmental de- sisting of nothing more than photo- sign and/or landscape architecture. graphs and drawings with captions iden- Economics is another important element tifying the subject. More and more of of planning and here there are a number this latter type are finding their way into of titles which should be included: The print. On a more prosaic but nonetheless Review of Economics and Statistics, Sur- important level, it is often necessary to vey of Current Business, The American have slides and prints readily available Economic Review, and others. There is to be used as illustrations in a finished some room for choice here and this, of plan or report and to terve as an accom- course, depends on the interests and paniment to lectures and presentations. needs of the agency. In the fields of statistics and demography possible titles are The Empirical Approach the Journal of the American Statistical Association and Demography. In addi- Boldt suggests that "Planning materials tion to these relatively prestigious names, seem to divide best into two basic organ- the planning librarian cannot overlook izational categories in response to two the myriad newsletters and house organs different types of information quesions." of organizations, institutes, agencies, etc. He typifies the first as "Do you have a Such apparently ephemeral items can be comprehensive plan for East Lansing, sources of important new items concern- Michigan? Is there a housing study for ing developments in the field, announce- Denver, Colorado?" Change the location ments of projects, grant awards and con- and I have had the same questions. tracts. They can also serve as "bookfind- However, he goes on to say that docu- ers" for hard to find research reports and ments containing such information are studies. Periodicals are among the most best arranged in vertical files labeled ac- basic of the types of materials in the core cording to geographic area and simple collection; they also allow for the greatest subject rather than through an elaborate amount of flexibility in acquisition. retrieval device (1). He rejects both traditional library cataloging and computer- Pictures ization. He advocates using the Terrna- trex information retrieval system (a very This last category is becoming a nec- effective and relatively inexpensive essary item. It is perhaps not yet recog- mechanized, optical coincidence sys- nized for its importance, but I include it tem) (3). The use of Termatrex allows as a part of the core for one reason- one to avoid the linear retrieval of tra- preservation. America is again realizing ditional subject headings while sparing oneself the expense and inevitable com- plications of full computerization. On this point we are in complete agreement. Termatrex is relatively unknown and often overlooked. It is no panacea, but it is a usable, reliable, and inexpensive compromise for the library that needs sophisticated information retrieval but cannot afford the computer. It, like any other machine, has its limitations and a single subject or geographic area. If a like all other machines is only as good as its user. There are the problems of patron wanted population projections "false drops" and user resistance to new and didn't find any after a Termatrex ideas, but these can be overcome. search, would the librarian know that The reasons given by Boldt for adopt- population projections are an essential ing Termatrex are outlined in his depart of any master plan? The vertical scription of the second category of "in- file arrangement of plans is needless seg- formation question." regation and the worst kind of linear storage producing only linear retrieval. The problems entailed in establishing an Termatrex is wasted if not fully utilized. adequate way of handling the second cate- Even the much-maligned, traditional gory are more involved. Materials in this cataloging approach is far more sophisti- category are distinguished by the quality of cated than a vertical file! Plans and their subject content, particularly the com- studies are sophisticated documents con- plexity oE originality df that content. Even taining a wealth of information. They comprehensive plans can qualify for inclusion if they are either unusual in format or deserve more sophisticated treatment. of exceptional methodological interest. Cri- To return to Boldt's six criteria, there teria for including a document in this sec- is no intention to demean them with sar- ond category include: 1) Is its approach casm, only to question their practicality primarily-subject rather than singulariy geo- and applicability. For example, the sub- graphic? 2) Is it long enough to cover the ject and geographic approaches are often subject in a substantial way? 3) Will its in- inseparable; length is an extremely rela- dexing produce more than two subject head- tive matter and how does one define ings? 4) Is it of sufficiently high quality; is it substantial? In using an optical coinci- a valuable piece of original research? 5) Will dence system the number of subject it have future usefulness? 6) Is it of historic or retrospective significance? (1, p.337) headings is almost irrelevant. One subject can be enough if you are going to If Boldt applies these criteria to every coordinate separate documents. The item in his library he has both my ad- questions of high quality and originality miration and my condolences. I have yet can be debated endlessly, and finally the to see a librarian with either sufficient related questions of future and retro- subject expertise to rule absolutely on spective significance depend on how such matters or sufficient time to devote historically oriented you are. to such penetrating analysis. If he does If one had the time and manpower, it indeed subject each document to these would be more than worthwhile to fully criteria, why then arbitrarily exclude index master plans and census materials master plans, housing studies, transpor- in a Termatrex system. Time and man- tation studies, etc., from this sophisti- power are important aspects here be- cated handling? These are the meat of cause Termatrex is quick and simple to planning and they are more often than use for retrieval of information but time not very complex documents. They are consuming and rather dull when putting the work of large teams of dedicated information into the system. After select- people and they cover a wide range of ing descriptors for the documents to be subjects although ostensibly dealing with indexed, it is necessary to pull one Termatrex card for each descriptor oughly indexing just one census report, chosen, place the cards in the drill, set General Social and Economic Character- the number assigned to the item, and istics would be a good example, would press the button. The actual drilling save hundreds more in retrieval time. takes about one second; but the pulling The object of a library serving plan- and filing of the cards is repetitive, bor- ners is the same as that of any other ing work which can try the patience of special library: getting reliable informa- the most easy-going worker. However, tion to the clientele quickly and efficiently. In some instances that means a the benefit is worth the cost. The follow- marriage of both the new and the tradi- ing is an example: Using traditional tional. In a planning library it can cataloging, the reference librarian would mean an efficiently organized core col- require an almost superhuman memory lection. to remember exactly how many documents in his collection contained popula- Literature Cited tion projections for a given geographic area. With Termatrex (properly and 1. Boldt, Roger / A Planning Library: The thoroughly indexed-in this case that Empirical Approach. Special Libraries 62 would mean indexing almost all the (no.9):335-339 (Sep 1971). statistical tables as well as accurately 2. For more on the planner as bureaucrat summarizing the narrative portions) he see Yondorf, Lisa B. / Expenditures, Staff, would be able to retrieve every docu- and Salaries of Planning Agencies. Re- port no. 278. In Planning Advisory Seru- ment in the collection that contained ice (Mar 1972); Barr, Donald A. / The population projections. In a typical Professional Urban Planner. Journal of agency collection this would mean not the American Institute of Planners 38 (no. only population studies and reports, 3): 155-159 (May 1972). master plans and park studies but even 3. The Termatrex system and its use are reports on water supply and sewage described in the following articles: Mount, facilities. Ellis / Information Retrieval from Tech- Census materials are one type of pub- nical Reports Using Termatrex Equip- lication which almost cry out for some ment. Special Libraries 54 (no.2):84-89 form of mechanized retrieval. (Unless, of (Feb 1963); Jonker, Frederick / Termatrex Inverted Punched Card Systems; the His- course, the agency has ready access to tory of their Development, their Opera- census tapes and a computer-but even tion and Use. American Documentation that can be a problem if it means sched- 11 (no.4):276-282 (Oct 1960). uling computer time.) Even if the librar.. ian worked exclusively with census ma- Received for review Nov 16, 1972. Re- terials, it would require an extraordinary vised manuscript accepted for publica- person to remember all the tables con- tion Jul16,1973. tained in even one of those final reports. It would be impossible to bring out such items as means of transportation to work, homes with television sets, average income of the nonwhite population, number of employed males in professional occupations living in rural areas or any of the other myriad questions which can be easily answered with census publications-if the librarian can always remember exactly what tables are contained in the various census reports. Anthony M. Oliver is a planning librarian Termatrex can solve this problem. The with the Department of Planning and Eco- hours (it would take at least five or six nomic Development, State of Hawaii. uninterrupted hours) taken up in thor- 11111111111111111111llllllllllllllllllllllllllll1llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll~llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 361 The Design of Special Library Teaching Models

Martha Jane K. Zachert

Florida State University, Tallahassee, Fla. 32306

W The potential for simulation teach- tions; from the author's experience in ing of special library administration has designing models of industrial, govern- attracted interest in library education mental, and medical libraries; and, when circles. The nature of the models needed possible, from other teachers of special for this kind of teaching and the process librarianship. Use of SLA's "Profiles of of designing them are described. Infor- Special Libraries" in model design is mation presented is drawn from the gen- considered; and suggestions for related eral literature about educational simula- research are included.

SIMULATIONTEACHING is teach- learning opportunities in all of these ing through representations of real life categories; in fact, insofar as simulations experience, not merely talking about ex- have been used in teaching library sci- perience, but actual participation while ence, they have been limited to experi- in the protected environment of the ences with decision-making (2). The classroom. The representation of real purpose of this kind of teaching, in con- life is provided for students in several re- trast to that of traditional didactic teach- lated parts: a model (which is back- ing, is less the gaining of factual infor- ground information) and a series of mation and more the development of in- problems, the responses to which consti- sight into administrative and social tute the student's major learning experi- processes surrounding library adminis- ence. Problems may also be used for the tration, though students claim that both assessment of the student's performance. kinds of learning happen to them in All of the problems are stated in terms simulation study. For those students of the model, which provides the con- without prior introduction to the theory text-the potential and the limits-for of administration, a course can be the resolution of the problems. Research- planned that combines didactic and sim- ers who are studying the uses and effec- ulation teaching. tiveness of simulation teaching have In the representation of real life, the demonstrated that "from simulations it library model provides the student with is possible to learn winning strategies, the description of the setting for his principles and relationships, decision- decision-making, as well as the initial making skills, identifications, procedural limits within which he is free to examine sequences, and skilled perceptual-motor alternative decisions and make his acts" (I). No one simulation provides choice. A valid model is, therefore, a SPECIALLIBRARIES prime requisite if the learning situation some library employers-for emphasis on is to be, in fact, life-like. Further, if sim- realism, rather than theory, in library ulations are to be used for teaching li- education. brary science, the design of valid models Choice of a time scale must be a con- is a matter of serious concern for the en- scious one because simulation, by its na- tire profession. ture, can either slow down fast processes, or speed up slow ones. If the designer Factors in Model Design merely wishes to miniaturize an existing situation, the ratio of real time.to simu- There is little information in the lit- lation time might even be one to one. erature of instructional systems about If, however, the designer wishes to simu- the design of models analogous to library late change in the real situation, he must models. One team of experienced re- decide whether he is concerned with searchers, however, has isolated five fac- short-term change, which can be ex- tors which, they claim, influence the de- pressed in a low ratio of real time to sign of models for the study of complex simulation time, or long-term change, ~oliticalentities. The first of these is L -- which would require a high real-time/ the purpose of the simulation. Once that simulation-time ratio (5). It is traditional is decided, the degree of abstraction, the to assume in teaching' library adminis- time scale, the field situation and the tration that a series of processes must be field processes to be simulated must be included-the well-known planning, or- appropriate to that purpose (3). These ganizing, directing, staffing, coordinat- same factors appear to be relevant to ing, reporting, budgeting. We assume the design of models for the study of further that these processes recur over a processes in libraries, which are also period of time, one process dominating complex entities. the administrator's attention more in The purpose that is being considered one set of circumstances than another, in this paper is that of providing expe- but none eyer completely dormant. The rience so that masters-level library sci- simulation must, therefore, interweave ence students may gain insight into the these administrative processes in some process of making administrative deci- semblance of real time. It is the au- sions in special libraries. thor's opinion, further, that any realistic For this purpose the designer has the portrayal of the administration of special choice of designing with either a low or libraries must acknowledge the proba- a high level of abstraction. The low level bility of change in the life of the library. of abstraction would include a good deal Short-term change appears easiest to of detail and probably be very realistic predict, and the low real-time/simula- in appearance; it runs the risk of being ;ion-time ratio may be easiest to design. hard to generalize from because of the The question does arise, however, of minutia. The high level of abstraction, whether it is fair to provide students on the other hand, would omit detail in primarily with concepts of short-term favor of a more generic tone easy to gen- change in this, their basic foundation eralize from, but possibly distorted in for career service. In the span of a special comparison to specific real situations. library career, the long-term social and The amount of detail determines the de- technological changes may well be of gree of complexity of the model, but greater importance. Predicting such familiarization with that detail is an changes for inclusion in a model, how- offsetting factor for the individual stu- ever, calls for a precision of futurism dent (4). Thus the extent of library ex- that may be beyond the present capa- perience of the expected students ap- bility of model designers. pears to be important in the decision A more practical problem for the de- whether to use a high or a low level of signer may be that of the compressibility abstraction. Also to be considered is the of various administrative processes in the often expressed desire of students-and terms of experiential learning techniques, and, thus, of the validity of the Finally, field processes must be in- chosen time scale. For example, given cluded in the simulation. The major the proper background documents a job problem is to devise ways in which on- interview can be conducted in a thirty- going processes can be miniaturized or minute role play with little difficulty. to devise "substitute mechanisms that The time of the role play is very close to will have approximately the same con- real time for such an interview and the sequences for the miniature system that time compression in the role play is the corresponding mechanism has for slight. The task of planning new library the full-scale system" (7). Again, knowl- services, on the other hand, may encom- edge of the processes must come either pass phases of surveying user needs, as- from research or the designer's experi- certaining the attitudes of top manage- ence-and there is little research on ad- ment, collecting data related to the na- ministrative processes in special librar- ture and the cost of the desired services, ies that is generalizable. involving staff in the planning and half a dozen others. It is very important for Four Existing Models students to have the experience of all of these tasks, but how realistically can the The models constructed by the author learning experience be compressed into thus far are hypothetical sets of docu- role play, in-basket exercises, action ments that describe and relate to the on- mazes, or games? Over-compression may going life of three kinds of special li- violate the validity of the chosen time braries: industrial, governmental, and scale; less compression may be impossi- medical. In each simulation the model ble within the constraints of course real consists of the documents listed in Fig- time. All of the designer's knowledge of ure 1. Each of these models was designed administrative processes and behaviors on the basis of a different method of ob- and his ingenuity in design are called taining data about the field situation into play in devising a time scale, and and the field processes. there are no tests for the validity of the result. The Industrial Model Decisions faced by the designer in relation to the features of the field situa- The Industrial Library Model was the tion to be incorporated in the model will first to be designed, nearly ten years ago. be influenced by prior decisions made There was then no similar material for during the design process. The research- the teaching of any part of library sci- ers who provided this identification of ence, and few for any professional disci- factors influential in model design place pline. Already the question of assump- great responsibility on the designer for tions underlying the model was of con- the selection of field characteristics that cern, and it was my conviction that the are of central importance for his pur- model should not be based on imagina- pose. Further, they state that the choice tion. In other words, the field situation depends on the designer's understanding described in the model had to be a valid of the processes to be simulated (6). It is one. No descriptive information includ- undoubtedly expected that the designer's ing the range and depth of detail needed understanding is a composite in which was in existence; and it was felt that the his personal and necessarily limited ex- usual type of survey would not elicit perience is enhanced by the results of re- much of value. This was due to the con- search. In simulating the administration fidential nature of some of the informa- of special libraries, however, the de- tion, such as budgets, in industry, and to signer has little or no significant, gen- the tendency of librarians to operate eralizable research to use; other methods without such controls as policy/proce- may have to be developed to offset the dure manuals and workload data. For- limitations of personal experience and tunately, an industrial librarian was understanding. identified who was willing to turn over Figure 1. Documents in the Industrial, Governmental, and Medical Library Models

Industrial Library Model: Federal Library Model: Medical Library Model: Double XYZ Oil Company U.S. Department of Ecology Cherokee State University

A. Company Organization Chart A. Governmental Organization A. CSU Health Sciences Division 8. Administrative Unit Orongiza- Manual: Excerpt Catalog tion Chart B. Memo re: Library Transfer B. Organizotion Charts: C. Field Research Loboratory Li- C. Organizotion Charts: 1. Cherokee State University: brary (FRLL) Organization 1. Department of Ecology Excerpt Chart 2. Bureau of Administration 2. Division of Health Sciences D. FRLL Floor Plan 3. Library 3. Health Sciences Library E. FRLL Policy Manual D. DOEL Floor Plan C. Users Guide, CSU Health Sci- F. FRLL Annual Repwt: Staff E. DOEL Budget Excerpt ences Library G. FRLL Annual Report: Services F. DOE Agency Manual, Section D. Health Sciences Library Staff H. FRLL Annual Report: Acqulsi- R: Library Manual: Personnel Task Sum- tions G. DOEL Annual Report: Personnel maries J. FRLL Annual Report: Budget H. DOEL Annual Report: Statistical E. HSL Annual Report: Statistical K. FRLL Professional Bookshelf Abstract Summary J. DOEL Professional Bookshelf F. HSL Annual Report: Budgat K. Office of Aerial Environmental Summary Surveys: Library Organization G. HSL Floor Plan Chart H. Special Report on Learning Center J. HSL Professional Bookshelf documents from his library, including and the author who studied the model confidential ones, on the author's pledge itself in classroom use. of anonymity. . for the source. This jib&- The purpose of designing the original ian was also willing to spend hours an- model was for use in the author's course swering questions about -the documents in the administration of special librar- and the library, and broader questions ies (8). The course was scheduled for about industrial special library adminis- three months and the change built into tration. The author contributkd personal the model was one of a six months pro- experience gained as a user of an indus- jection. Thus each week during the trial-chemical library, as the librarian course equalled approximately two of a chemical research institute library, weeks in the life of the library. The and as a long time observer of indus- change hypothesized in the model was trial libraries. The author designed the the inauguration of information service model; it was read and criticized by the to a team of industrial researchers work- assisting librarian, and eventually by ing at some distance, geographically, several generations of special library stu- from their main laboratory installation dents before it was finalized. which included a library. The students Student feedback is important be- face problems of assessing the need, de- cause, not onlv must the model be a signing services, planning these services valid representation of a segment of real as well as the staff, collection, physical life but it must also convey the informa- facilities and budget to provide the serv- tion in such a way that students can in- ices, all of which problems have to be re- ternalize and use this information in solved in the context of the model. Six problem-solving. Until the twin criteria months seems a reasonable lead time to of validity and reliability (i.e., reliability be expected in industry for this kind of in the sense of successful communica- change. The degree of abstraction in the tion of the information) are met, the Industrial Library Model is very low be- model is in a constant state of revision. cause it is characteristic of the author's The only controls for testing validity classes that few, if any, students in a given and reliability ten years ago were the class have had industrial work experi- subjective ones of feedback from the li- ence. For the same reason, some class brary administrator who supplied the time is spent initially in orienting the information, the students who used it, students to the model. The Federal Model was exercised by having several of the librarians interviewed read and criticize The Federal Library Model was de- the model, and by retaining as a con- signed for a different purpose, under sultant during the design process the very different circumstances; the method recently retired executive secretary of of designing it was also different. In the Federal Library Committee and ex- 1968 the Catholic University Graduate perienced top-level federal librarian; Department of Library Science obtained Paul Howard. a grant to study the continuing educa- The change process depicted in the tion needs of federal librarians (9). One Federal Librarv Model is that of the as- of the needs identified by the federal li- similation, on executive order, of one brarians, who were surveyed and re- federal library into another. Within this sponded 51% strong, was that of addi- context problems such as revision of li- tional information about library admin- brary space and budget, quality control istration. Theoretical and practical of library operations, disciplining and information was needed, the librarians terminating an unsatisfactory employee, said, especially for those readying them- initiation of and response to complaint selves to move from middle management are considered by the students. The sim- to top management positions. As a result ulation covers eight months in the life of the federal library. Because of differ- it was decided that two courses would be ences in the amount of time devoted to planned, one on the theory of adminis- different kinds of continuing education tration and one on the practicalities of experiences, the Governmental Library administering special libraries in the Simulation was planned to be adaptable federal government. Syllabi for these to a one-quarter or a one-semester two courses, and accompanying teach- schedule, or a one-wpek or two-week in- ing materials, were contracted for, with stitute schedule, with some sub-units the author of this paper accepting the adaptable to one- or two-day workshops. assignment for the "practical" course Thus the time scale of the simulation (10). Thus the purpose of the Govern- varies according to the total time pro- mental Library Simulation was deter- jected for each specific educational use of mined rather precisely by research: a the simulation. practical course for working federal spe- It might be expected that a rather cial librarians who were preparing them- high level of abstraction would have selves for top management positions. been utilized in the Federal Library Further, the librarians indicated through Model because it was anticipated that their responses to the initial survey that the simulation would be used by prac- they needed emphasis on administrative ticing federal librarians at or near mid- tasks related to planning, staffing and dle-management levels of responsibility. directing federal libraries (11). Their intimate familiarity with govern- In order to provide field situation and mental agencies and libraries would field process data for a simulation study have prepared them to deal with a high designed to meet these expressed pur- level of abstraction. However, the purposes, the author interviewed eight fed- pose was to prepare these librarians to eral library administrators (Grades 15- move from middle management to top 18) in considerable depth to obtain situ- management, from the familiar to the ational examples of how specific prob- unfamiliar. Also the designer wanted to lems affect the ongoing operation of fed- experiment with using the same model eral libraries and to collect examples of wch different subsets of problems to administrative behavior in the face of provide appropriate learning experiences typical problems. The small amount of (in a masters degree program or other- recorded descriptive information about wise) for students inexperienced in fed- federal libraries was also analyzed (12). eral librarianship. So the low level of ab- Control to assure validity in the model straction was Ansidered more appropriate and considerable detail was built the most recent descriptive study of med- into the model. The important point is ical libraries was carefully dissected for that, instead of being dependent on one pertinent information (14). Five librar- librarian and one library for input into ians, each the top manager of a health the design-as in the Industrial Library center library, have served as critics of Model-the Federal Library Model was the model, reading and commenting on built on the survey responses of 365 fed- it at each draft stage. eral librarians, the intensive interviews The change process depicted in the with eight additional top managers in Medical Librarv Model is that of a federal libraries, and the continuing at- health center library assuming responsi- tention through the design process of an bility for the operation of a learning re- unusually well-qualified former federal source center, i.e., a media center. The librarian. level of abstraction is low because the simulation is designed for masters-level The Medical Library students plus practicing medical librarians, few of whom have had extensive The Medical Library Simulation was experience with administering media planned in response to the needs of learning resources. The time scale used growing numbers of would-be medical is approxinltaely six months for a one- librarians in the author's courses. These quarter simulation, since it seems real- students wanted to study medical library istic for the given change and it works administration in the context in which well in the Industrial Library Simula- they expect to practice it. The Govern- tion. Plans have been formulated to ob- mental Library Simulation had shown tain further data about administrative informally (though it had not been processes in medical libraries to refine tested in a controlled situation) that a and extend the model and to design model can be used with differing subsets valid problems for simulation study. of problems for both initial and con- One additional model is available for tinuing education, and that teachers description here, that used in the Li- who did not participate in the design brary Management Game developed at of the model can use the materials suc- the University of Lancaster. The pur- cessfully with classes. Both of these pose of that simulation is to demonstrate points are important in education for the potential of the methodology to medical librarianship. Most of those who British library school faculties and prac- teach the courses are practicing medical ticing librarians. The model is one of librarians without sufficient time to de- loan and duplication processes in a uni- velop large amounts of original teaching versity library, and decisions are those materials (and who are dependent on that regulate levels of duplication of their own experience to supplement the book stock and loan policies. It is a small amount of appropriate recorded highly abstract model based primarily information). Further, most classes in on operations research studies at the medical librarianship are composed of University of Lancaster with supporting embryonic and experienced librarians data from three similar libraries. and on in the same class (13). relevant statistical procedures. The real Before designing the Medical Library time covers a one-year period in the cir- Simulation the author supplemented her culation function of a university library, years of experience in a medical library but this time period can be extended, with visits to four health center libraries year by year, indefinitely; the simulation (from one to three days each) to observe time is a matter of hours with a com- and interview staffs. In addition, catalogs puter making the quantitative calcula- and printed materials from six addi- tions as the learners try alternative poli- tional universities were studied for in- cies and levels of book expenditure (15). formation about their bio-medical Probably the Library Management schools, departments and libraries, and Game is best suited for the use of faculty and experienced practitioners, as the There is every reason to believe that participants in the first run of the simu- SLA would give permission for their lation stated in their reaction to the ex- use in this way by qualified researchers. perience. It is, nevertheless, a valuable Given a series of valid models and prototype, quite different from the pres- problems, every teacher of special library ent author's simulations and worthy of administration would have available a intensive study in terms of its applica- choice of tested materials to use singly bility to special library simulations. or in combination, for initial or continuing education purposes. Learning materials could then be used for pedagogical Needed Research reasons rather than because they were Does simulation hold promise for the the only ones the teacher had the time teaching of special library administra- and personal experience to prepare. tion? Yes, in the opinion of a growing number of teachers, administrators, and students privileged thus far to try it. It Literature Cited has been demonstrated that teachers 1. Twelker, Paul A. / Simulation: An who did not participate in the design of Overview, 1968. (Available as ED 025 a simulation can, and will, use it enthu- 459); abstract In Research in Education siastically (16) and that students attest to 4: 89 (May 1969). the learning values of the simulation ex- 2. Brophy, P. et al. / A Library Manage- perience (17). If additional models were ment Game. Lancaster, England: Uni- to be developed by researchers, there versity of Lancaster Library, 1972; Mar- would be advantages for both teachers tha Jane K. Zachert / The Library Ad- and students. ministration Course: Simulation as a Technique. Journal of Education for The research needs center on obtain- Librarianship 11: 243-250 (Winter 1971). ing valid descriptions of field situations 3. Scott, Andrew M., William A. Lucas, and and field processes for input into model Trudi M. Lucas / Simulation and Na- design. his research should emphasize tional Development. New York, Wiley, obtaining information that is general- 1966. p.160-161, 165. izable within carefully stated limits 4. Ref. (3), p.160. about both libraries and library admin- 5. Ref. (3). istrators. Studies of administrative be- 6. Ref. (3L p.161. havior, of decision-making responsibili- 7. Ref. (3), p.165. ties, and of patterns of administrative 8. Zachert, Ref. (2), includes a description communication are especially needed. of the course. Results of such studies would permit 9. Kortendick, James J. and Elizabeth W. simulation designers to challenge tradi- Stone / Job Dimensions and Educa- tional Needs in Librarianship. Chicago, tional curriculum assumptions such as American Library Association, 1971. "Administrative problems are much the 10. Prepared as part of Phase I1 of "A Study same in every type of library." I suggest of Job Dimensions and Educational that SLA has already sponsored one Needs: Post MLS Education for Middle piece of research on which simulation and Upper-Level Personnel in Libraries designers can build: The Profiles of Spe- and Information Centers," Catholic Uni- cial Libraries, compiled by the Profes- versity of America, Department of Li- sional Standards Committee, are based brary Science, 1970, in cooperation with on data obtained from a careful survey the United States Office of Education. of selected libraries (18). These profiles [USOE Project 8-0731, Grant No. OEG- 0-8-080731-4604(095)] Published as: Za- can serve as abstracts of models for teach- chert, Martha Jane K. / The Govern- ing simulations. Each would have to be mental Library Simulation for the Study validated and supplemented with addi- of Administration of a Special Library. tional information through further re- Part I. The Federal Library Model. Part search, but they comprise a healthy be- 11. Participant's Resource-Log. Part 111. ginning for six additional simulations. Director's Guide. 197 1. 11. Zachert, Ref. (1O), Part 11, p.9. face in the real situation-and competi- 12. Federal Library Committee / Survey of tion with other librarians is not us;ally Special Libraries Serving the Federal a major part of the librarian's role." Government, comp. by Frank L. Schick They also point out that "the Game and Paul Howard. Washington, D.C., forces the player to make value judg- Government Printing Office, 1968. ments, which cannot be evaluated quan- 13. Zachert, Martha Jane K. / Preparation titatively for scoring purposes." (p.17) for Medical Librarianship. Bulletin of 16. Slavens, Thomas / Teaching Special Li- the Medical Library Association 60: 301- brarianship: Some Current Approaches. 309 (Apr 1972). Special Libraries 63: 477-481 (Oct 1972). 14. Susan Crawford, ed. / Health Science 17. Unpublished reaction reports in the au- Libraries in the United States: A Sta- thor's files, primarily from Catholic Uni- tistical Profile. Bulletin of the Medical versity of America and Florida State Library Association 60: 1-56 (Apr 1972). University. Supplement. 18. Profiles of Special Libraries. Special Li- 15. Brophy et al. Ref. (2). It should be noted braries 57: 179-184 (Mar 1966); 227-231 in passing that, although the Lancaster (Apr 1966); 327-331 (May-Jun 1966). simulation is called a game, it is not really designed for use in competitive situations. The authors explain that "al- Received for review Apr 18, 1973. Man- though it has been criticized for this uscript accepted for publication Apr 30, 'failing' we feel that the aim of the game 1973. Presented Jun 12, 1973, as a Con- must be to teach students something of tributed Paper, during SLA's 64th An- the problems which they are likely to nual Conference in Pittsburgh. Training Small Hospital Library Personnel by the Preceptorship Method

Ruth W. Wender

University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center Library, Oklahoma City, Okla. 73190

The University of Oklahoma Health The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Library's project com- Sciences Center Library has a practical bines the loan of a demonstration basic approach to the improvement of medical hospital collection of monographs and information systems in small hospitals. indexes and vigorous consultation with This plan combines the training of li- the preceptorship training experience in two medical libraries. One training ex- brary managers through a preceptorship perience is in the University of Okla- experience in two medical libraries with homa Health Sciences Center Library, the loan of a demonstration collection which is one of the resource libraries for of basic books and indexes to the journal the decentralized South Central Re- literature and a vigorous on-site consul- gional Library Program (TALON), and tation program. as such is the back-up library for all Oklahoma hospitals. The other is in a typical community hospital, Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma City, which THE University of Oklahoma Health has an exemplary medical information Sciences Center Library, through its Re- system, and an outstanding professional gional Library Services Division, is con- medical librarian. A grant from the Na- ducting a preceptorship training experi- tional Library of Medicine funds the ence as a major part of its approach to training and 2 core collections, while the training of hospital personnel in the Oklahoma Regional Medical Pro- managing a hospital library. The entire gram pays the salary of the coordinator concept is based on the premise that one of the service, mailing costs, and for learns best by performing in a real situa- another demonstration collection. tion. The trainees, usually medical record department members, are completely Background untrained in library methods even though they have been given the nomi- The preceptorship idea itself is not nal supervision of a library in addition new. Third and fourth year medical stu- to their other duties. The Oklahoma dents at the University of Oklahoma are plan combines methods used in other required to obtain clinical experience by fields of the health sciences with some working for several weeks with a medical special library ideas. This training, preceptor in a nonmetropolitan area however, is neither in competition with hospital. Our hospital library training nor a substitute for the graduate degree institute turns this around to bring in program in library science or the excel- an employee of a small hospital to 0kla- lent library technician programs that are homa City to train with preceptors in developing. the library field. Outstanding work has been done by preceptorship at a nonurban hospital, others in workshops and training. The and it conducts a hospital library man- Post Graduate Medical Institute of the ager training institute, which consists Massachusetts Medical Society and the of a two week preceptorship in Okla- Francis A. Countway Library of Medi- homa City for hospital personnel. cine's Regional Service (NERMLS) have The idea for our "on-the-job" train- developed and promoted the Core Medi- ing, or hospital library preceptorship has cal Library coupled with the training of grown out of the successful one day part-time hospital library supervisors workshops conducted by Oklahoma's (1-4). The author has visited NERMLS, Regional Library Services over a three has benefited from their advice and their year period. At some of these workshops, materials, and has read the manuals de- the participants have requested permis- veloped by several regional medical li- sion to come for observation for a day or brary groups. Of particular value to us more to the hospital of one of the fac- has been the loan from Mrs. Ann Schaap ulty. From these requests and their im- of the Wisconsin Medical Library Serv- plementation, we developed our pro- ice of their taped course on basic hospi- gram which is geared to the hospital tal library management given over their picture in Oklahoma where in 1972, telephone network and the use of their 73% of the hospitals had less than 100 cataloging information. Also, we have beds, whereas nationally 337, had less adapted the boxes from the Medical than 100 beds. School of the University of Texas at San This approach is built on the convic- Antonio, which we have used for the tion that we must work with the small transportation of our core libraries. nonurban hospital medical information needs based on the actual small hospital Program Differences picture today. One of its basic concepts is that the way library procedures are However, what we are doing is differ- carried out in a large, research-oriented ent from these other programs in two re- medical center library is not necessarily spects. One is use of the preceptorship the method of choice to be used in the method. The other is the comprehensive- under 100 bed and under 50 bed small ness of our approach. This approach hospital library. includes vigorous consultation, both be- The Oklahoma plan offers the demon- fore the training experience begins, and stration collection to the small nonurban a minimum of two more consultations hospital only after someone at that hos- after the trainee has participated in the pital has first been sent to the hospital hospital library training institute. The library institute to be trained briefly in Oklahoma plan involves both librarians two medical libraries. In our previous and experts in medical education and consultation work, the librarians in our patient care in the consultation process. regional services have come across the The demonstration portion of the proj- small hospital, that, several years ago, ect has several parts. It includes book in order to meet accreditation standards, lists, the demonstration basic library, put money into a monograph collection and the development of specific methods that has remained almost totally unused of continuing liaison, which include the since purchase. inward WATS telephone line, and a liaison from the medical students who Information Availability contact us for information from the rural hospitals at which they take their medi- A part of our training is based on the cal preceptorship. conviction that to induce a hospital to Thus the Health Center Library is buy books and journals is not enough. involved with two types of preceptor- There must be a trained library man- ships. It is a backup information source ager to arrange that collection, to set for the medical students during their up a self-service circulation system, to know enough, through the use of in- interlibrarv loan involves citations found dexes, to enable the staff to keep up with in the trainee's previous session on lit- the current journal literature, and to erature searching. The hospital days know how to enter the vast biomedical involve some of the same areas, but done information network into which the Na- in Baptist Hospital, with their hospital tional Library of Medicine has divided librarian. No sophisticated tools are the United States. Books and journals in used. Rather, the indexes and tools con- a locked room are not a library. They sulted are those that will be lent to the remain just that, books and journals in hospital and that Regional Library Serv- a locked room. To a constantly increas- ices recommend should be in their own ing extent, good medical care is depend- collections. We feel that the combination ent on a medical information system that of up-to-date books and indexes in the can respond promptly to the day-to-day fields in which the hospital gives service, and hour-by-hour needs of the practicing and a trained individual who knows how health professional. Unfortunately, the to make the most of these information financial condition of the average small tools will effectively demonstrate the im- hospital is such that it cannot afford to portance of a good biomedical informa- employ a full-time professional librarian tion system. to meet the information needs of the No trainee is accepted until after a relatively small number of health pro- librarian has an on-site consultation at fessionals employed. Our interest has the hospital with the administrator and been in showing the small hospital the potential trainee. An evaluation of the worth of an immediately responsive med- hospital's medical information needs is ical information system, of its value in made with written recommendations be- the clinical practice of medicine and in ing sent after the visit. All preceptors designing methods whereby minimal in- have a copy of the consultation report vestments can be effectively employed. before the trainee arrives. After the completion of the 10 day training course, the The Training Procedure book collection is sent out in a university station wagon with a librarian. The un- We have set up our training as a two derstanding is that the collection is to be week institute, with the hospital given accessible to the entire professional staff. the choice of sending its participants to At the end of the three months period, take the training continuously, or of the collection is picked up by the librar- staying in the institute for one week, ian, who has another consultation with then returning to the hospital, and com- the administrator and the library man- ing back for another week the next ager. At this visit, we evaluate how much month. the collection has been used. The training is planned in blocks of one day with one preceptor. Two train- Financial Requirements ees are taken at a time. They do not have formal lectures. After a brief dis- This program requires financial com- cussion, they do library work, making a mitment from the small hospitals. We procedure manual as they learn. Actual have no scholarships for travel expenses, requests from practicing health profes- etc., for any participants. The hospital sionals for searches of the literature are must pay the trainee's regular salary and used. Each preceptor is with the trainee her living and travel expenses, and we for one day per week. The rest of the ask them to purchase the new text Li- time, the preceptor is performing her brary Practice in Hospitals by Bloom- usual job, which will be working with quist, H., et al. (Case Western Reserve or on requests from Oklahoma hospitals Press, 1972). and health professionals. Thus all the This is a practical approach to an materials and problems from this insti- existing Oklahoma hospital library con- tute are taken from daily requests. The dition that needs improving. Every hos- pita1 library would profit from having a Library of Medicine under Contract #1 GO8 graduate medical librarian running it. LM 01675-01. We firmly believe in the graduate program for medical librarians. Its develop- Literature Cited ment has come about very slowly (5). But we must deal with the facts of hospital li- 1. Stearns, Norman S. / A Core Medical Li- brary for Practitioners in Community brary life as they exist in the small nonur- Hospitals. The New England Journal of ban hospitals of today. What we seek for Medicine 280 (no.9):474-480 (Feb 27,1969). them at this stage is trained library man- 2. Stearns, Norman S. / The Hospital Li- agers. Their present financial picture does brary-Part I. Hospitals 44 (no. 5):55-59 not permit them to hire someone whose (Mar 1, 1970). sole function in the hospital is to take 3. Stearns, Norman S. 1 The Hospital Li- care of the library. We hope this goal brary-Part 11. Hospitals 44 (no. 6):88-90 will be achieved in the future. (Mar 16, 1970). The small hospital may not have the 4. Stearns, Norman S. / An Integrated financial resources for a graduate li- Health-Science Core Library for Physicians, Nurses, and Allied Health Practitioners in brarian, but in the hospital, no matter Community Hospitals. The New England what its size, are health professionals Journal of Medicine 285 (no. 27):1489- who need to have access to the latest 1498 (Dec 3 1, 1970). biomedical information. The informa- 5. Hill, Barbara. / The Development of Ed- tion is in the literature, but it does the ucation for Medical Librarians. Bulletin of small hospital no good unless someone the Medical Library Assoczation 60 (no.1): in that institution knows how to obtain 121-132 (Jan 1972). it.

Acknowledgments Received for review Feb 28, 1973. Manu- This program to improve health care in script accepted for publication Mar 28, small hospitals is funded by the National 1973. Making Foreign Census Documents Available and Accessible

Jerry J. Donovan

Population Research Library, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. 08540

are six features essential to a modern H Heightened scientific interest in the population census: 1) It must have na- determinants and consequences of pop- tional sponsorship. 2) It must cover pre- ulation change has generated greatly in- cisely defined territory. 3) It must increased demand for sources of primary clude all persons without duplication or data. Problems of obtaining and inter- omission. 4) The count must be taken at a fixed time. 5) Census data must be preting these data are formidable. Sys- obtained for each individual (although tematic solutions are under way or this does not preclude collecting infor- planned. Progress made by the Interna- mation about entire households). 6) The tional Census Documents Project and results of the census must be published. other agencies is discussed. Conrad Taeuber suggests that modern census taking commenced about the middle of the nineteenth century when Bel- gium, in 1846, enumerated a national census in which information was col- OF THE PRIMARY SOURCES of lected separately about each individual current population data-censuses, vital instead of each household (2). Parallel- statistics, and sample surveys-popula- ing this approach, the United States tion censuses are perhaps the most conducted a census in 1850. This empha- broadly useful. In the Handbook of Pop- sis on collection of data about the indi- ulation Census Methods (1958) the vidual vis-his the household has con- United Nations describes a population tinued and been made more elaborate so census as "the total process of collecting, that there now exist the published re- compiling, and publishing demographic, sults of a century and a quarter of "mod- economic, and social data pertaining, at ern" census taking. a specified time or times, to all persons Two kinds of problems face the person seeking to use the technical informa- in a country or a delimited territory" (1). The handbook further states that there tion to be found in population censuses: locating copies of the published documents themselves and being able to understand and interpret the data within Jerry J. Donovan was the librarian in charge the documents. Judith Blake calls these of the Population Research Library and bibliographical consultant to Population Index, problems "availability" and "accessibil- Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. He is ity," respectively (3). These are two now with the John Dixon Library, The Law- handy labels which we shall employ for renceville School, Lawrenceville, N.J. 08648. our discussion here. In connection with availability, it was lineating the "bibliographical universe" reliably estimated at a meeting little of population censuses. more fhan two years ago that a hypo- A start in the direction of "accessibil- thetical central collection of foreign ity" was made by the International Cen- population censuses that would bring sus Documents Project, which was lo- together all known to exist in U.S. re- cated in the Department of Demography, search libraries would be far from com- University of California, Berkeley. Un- plete (4). This was a discouraging der the direction of Judith Blake Davis,? observation; but it now appears that mod- a series of English language guides to ern technology will solve the availabil- foreign population censuses was ini- ity problem. Research Publications, Inc., tiated; one volume in the series, New Haven, has announced the ulti- Western European Censuses, 1960; an mate availability, on microfiche, of all English Language Guide (?), was pub- censuses listed in the University of Texas lished early in 1971 by the Institute of bibliography of world population cen- International Studies (Population Mon- suses.* While these microfiche prints ograph Number 8). Two additional vol- cannot be obtained immediately, those umes for the Western European censuses reproducing censuses published between of 1950 and of 1940, respectively, are 1945 and 1967 around the world will be forthcoming. available in the foreseeable future, with The format of Western European the pre-1945 publications following Censuses, 1960 was designed to come to thereafter. Brochures describing this val- grips with the principal problems of ac- uable service are available by contacting cessibility: What is the complete text of the company. Microfiche editions of pop- the census in question, and what, ex- ulation censuses will undoubtably make actly, is it called? Where can it be found? it possible for many institutions to afford What languages is it published in? And complete census collections. although in what are the definitions of the technical the past, only the most heavily endowed terms used throughout the tabulations? centers for population study could hope Specifically, Western European Cen- to do so. suses, 1960 is an attempt to circumvent The "Texas bibliography" of popula- many of the problems both of availabil- tion censuses establishes a canon of enu- ity and accessibility with regard to cen- merations which is almost complete. Cer- suses. It covers censuses from 22 nations tainly all modern censuses are included. and gives 1) the titles (translated into The bibliography is a set of seven vol- English where necessary) and the page umes covering Africa, Asia, Europe, numbers of all the statistical tables in Latin America, North America, and every volume of every census included; Oceania, with a Supplement to pick up 2) a detailed glossary of technical terms residual omissions and items published appearing in more than one volume of after the first six volumes went to press. any census; 3) annotation of technical For sources of the census documents terms appearing uniquely in one volume Texas used the Library of Congress, the of a census; 4) detailed appendixes deal- Bureau of the Census Library, New ing with major concepts which cut across York Public Library, and the library of all or most censuses (e.g., occupational the University of Texas. One can assume and industrial classifications, labor force therefore that any census listed can be material, household and family struc- found at one or more of these libraries, ture, and socio-economic status); and 5) although locations for the titles are not a bibliographically correct entry for every specifically indicated (5). The "Texas volume of every census to facilitate dis- bibliography" is of great value in de-

t Professor Davis, who writes under the * The address of this firm is P.O. Box 3903 name of Judith Blake, is Mrs. Kingsley Da- Amity Station, New Haven, Conn. 06525. vis. Mr. Davis also writes in the field. crete identification in attempting to lo- period and the area covered, this is a cate the document. One verified location thoroughly reliable and indispensable for each document was provided: the aid to users of population data. One Documents Department of the Univer- great convenience offered is content sity of California, Berkeley, Library (3). analysis, volume by volume, of the popu- Thus, equipped with this English lan- lation censuses. guage guide to the Western European The other volumes in the series cover censuses enumerated in, or around, 1960, different parts of the world. In 1943, the researcher has most of the availabil- General Censuses and Vital Statistics in ity, as well as the accessibility problems the Americas was published which cov- solved for a significant group of foreign ered 21 American countries and those population censuses. If he is working on territories which were not self-governing this group, he can quickly ascertain at the time. It is available from the Li- whether his own library has the precise brary of Congress. In 1950, the Census documents he thinks he wants, and if it Library Project issued Population Cen- does not, he can order photocopies from suses and Other Official Demographic the University of California, Berkeley. Statistics of Africa (not including Brit- With the data in hand, he can go to ish Africa) and Population Censuses and work, for he will understand the subject Other Oficial Demographic Statistics of matter, or at least will know if he needs British Africa. (These last two volumes further clarification of definitions or Ian- are out of print; however, photocopies guage. He can make not only a study of may be obtained from the Library of data from one census ~ublishedin a lan- Congress Photoduplication Service, guage foreign to him, but he can also Washington, D.C. 20540.) All of these determine possibilities for international publications were prepared in much the comparisons of data published in many same way as National Censuses and Vital languages. Statistics in Europe. When the 1950 and the 1940 guides are There is today increased demand for completed in this same format, inter- documents which contain primary source censal, as well as international, compari- material for study of population change. sons of data will be possible. Prompt This demand is likely to continue to availability of these volumes is antici- grow in light of the crucial necessity for pated: They are scheduled to be pub- intelligent planning to meet the conse- lished, as was the first, by the Institute quences of population change and to of International Studies, Berkeley, in control, in an acceptable way, its deter- the Population Monograph Series. minants. A librarian attempting to as- Some years ago the Library of Con- sist a researcher exploiting primary pop- gress Census Library Project published ulation data needs to be prepared to a very helpful annotated bibliography function in two principal areas: making of European censuses and vital statistics the documents, or copies of them, avail- covering the period 1918-1 948: National able; and providing aids to understand- Censuses and Vital Statistics in Europe, ing the data once they. are in hand. I 1918-1939: an Annotated Bibliography have discussed the most valuable works with 1940-1948 Supplement. This vol- I have been able to discover to render ume, which is one of a series, is available these kinds of services to population re- now as a reprint. It gives a detailed anal- searchers and have made mention of the ysis not only of each census for Europe exciting prospects for future availability (including Eastern Europe) during the of complete census collections on micro- period covered but also publications fiche. The following is a checklist of ti- containing vital statistics and other re- tles which might be considered an indis- lated government publications. The list is pensable "core" collection of reference drawn from libraries in and around works for the librarian trying to work Washington, D.C., and it indicates which with demographers or other scholars en- libraries hold which documents. For the gaged in population study. References for Population Study Literature Cited Blake, Judith, and Jerry J. Donovan / West- United Nations. Statistical Office / Hand- ern European Censuses, 1960; an English book of Population Census Methods. Vol- Language Guide. Population Monograph ume I: General Aspects of a Population Series, No. 8. Berkeley, Institute of Inter- Census. New York, United Nations, 1958, national Studies, 1971. p.4. Fisher, Morris / Provinces and Provincial International Encyclopedia of the Social Capitals of the World. New York, Scare- Sciences. v.2. New York, Macmillan Go. & crow Press, 1967. Free Press, 1968, p.361. Gregory, Winifred / List of Serial Publica- Blake, Judith and )erry J. Donovan / tions of Foreign Governments, 1815-1731. Western European Censuses, 1960; an New York, H. W. Wilson, 1932. English Language Guide. Population Texas. University. Population Research Cen- Monograph Series, No. 8. Berkeley, Insti- ter / International Population Census tute of International Studies, 1971, p.1, 2. Bibliography. (Seven volumes: Africa, Proceedings of the Third National Con- Asia, Europe, Latin America, North Amer- ference on Population Library and Infor- ica, Oceania, and Supplement) Austin, mation Seruices, Chapel Hill, N.C., May University of Texas Bureau of Business 14-15, 1970. Chapel Hill, Carolina Popu- Research, 1965-1968. lation Center, 1971, p.64. United Nations. Department of Social and Gregory, Winifred / List of Serial Pub- Economic Affairs / Multilingual Demo- lications of Foreign Governments, 1815- graphic Dictionary. (Four sections: Eng- 1931, a very helpful source of locations lish, French, Russian, and Spanish) Pop- for censuses incorporated into govern- ulation Studies, No. 29. New York, United ment serial publications. Nations, 1958-1964. U.S. Library of Congress. Census Library Received for review Jan 15, 1973. Manu- Project / National Censuses and Vital Sta- script accepted for publication Feb 15, tistics in Europe, 1918-1937: an Annotated 1973. Presented as a Contributed Paper Bibliography with 1940-1748 Supplement. Jun 7, 1972, during SLA's 63rd Annual Detroit, Gale Research, 1967. Conference in Boston. So You Want to Start a Municipal Reference Library

Gertrude Pinkney Municipal Reference Library, Detroit Public Library, Detroit, Michigan 48226

What can this mean to the busy govern- The Detroit Municipal Reference Li- mental official who needs information brary's organizational structure and serv- to run the city's business efficiently and ices are described as an example for expeditiously? It means that in less than 10 seconds he can find out from De- those interested in organizing a govern- troit's Municipal Reference Library: mental reference library. Procedure is outlined for the initial selection of a A What is the cost of living in De- basic collection and the subject fields troit in March 1972 compared with March 1956, 1966, 1970 and 1971. that should be included. A What cities in Michigan have city income taxes and what is the rate of taxation? A What state law established citi- IN RECENT MONTHS more and zens' district councils? more inquiries have been coming to mu- A Does Detroit have an ordinance nicipal reference librarians about their regulating stray dogs? functions and purposes, and specifically, A A list of Detroit's Councilmen how to go about setting up such a serv- from 1919 to date. ice. With the availability of federal A A list of all Detroit's Mayors and funds, many municipalities want to seize terms of office. the opportunity to establish a govern- A A list of the Wayne County Board mental reference library, but need to of Commissioners. know what is involved. Many of the an- A A list of the Mayors of all Michi- swers provided here are based on the gan cities or of the Mayors of experience of Detroit's Municipal Ref- cities of over 10,000 population. erence Library which was established in A A list of all the current publica- 1945 and is a department of the Detroit tions of the City of Detroit and Public Library. the county of Wayne. At a moment's notice, he can consult Reference Services the already collected and instantly avail- The Municipal Reference Library lo- able literature on Neighborhood City cated on the 10th floor of Detroit's City- Halls, Police Civilian Review Boards County Building was established with (pro and con), Cable TV, Lotteries, Air the express purpose of serving Detroit Pollution Problems, Refuse Disposal and Wayne County employees in con- Methods, and Budgets of the Major nection with their work assignments. Cities. SPECIALLIBRARIES Over 100,000 newspaper clippings These and all other main library ma- since 1945 are immediately available on terials are available on loan to the every aspect of governmental affairs in Municipal Reference Library. Detroit, Wayne County and Michigan. 3. Orders. All orders are initiated at the All of the over 500 periodicals and Municipal Reference Library. Free newsletters received in the Municipal orders go out daily on a post card Reference Library are available to city form. Paid orders are placed through and county employees on a regularly the Detroit Public Library's Book Se- routed basis. lection Department. Their efficiency, Every city or county department will cooperativeness and understanding of receive copies of the MRL Bulletin, an Municipal Reference Library needs eight page monthly publication. About insures quick procurement of publi- 110 items in the field of city and county cations. government as well as all city and county 4. Cataloging. The professional catalog- documents of Detroit and Wayne County ers of the Main Detroit Public Li- are listed. This Bulletin is compiled by brary catalog the book and more sub- the librarian who scans all mail that ar- stantial material for the Municipal rives daily. Each periodical is examined Reference Library. All pamphlet ma- for articles to be included in the MRL terial is added at the Municipal Ref- Bulletin. Administrators frequently com- erence Library. A manila card is used ment that the Bulletin brings to their for these vertical file materials and attention material they would otherwise the cards are interfiled in the regular have overlooked. Nine hundred copies catalog. are distributed each month. 5. Interloan. Daily messenger and delivery service from the main library Organizational Setup make readily available the vast resources of the Detroit Public Library. A Munici~alReference Librarv uses the expertise of a small professionally Collection trained staff to anticipate the needs of city and county officials. The staff or- To decide what subject matter should ganizes the materials so that they are be covered in a governmental reference immediately available and screens all library, the libraFian needs to study the the incoming books, pamphlets, periodi- organizational structure of the city and cals and newspaper clippings, calling county government and select materials them to the attention of government of- in every field of governmental activity. ficials. In Detroit, the staff consists of a The bibliographic references in the Mu- chief librarian, an assistant librarian, nicipal Yearbook of the International one clerk, one junior clerk and sixteen City Management Association provide hours of student library assistance. De- an excellent basis for initial selection. troit's Municipal Reference Library is a These should be supplemented by care- department of the Detroit Public Li- ful selection from the most recent Sub- brary. There are many advantages to this ject Guide to Books in Print. Most mu- relationship: nicipal reference libraries should cover such fields as: City Planning, Municipal 1. Staffcan remain small. Hiring is done Finance, Personnel Administration, by the Personnel Office of the Detroit Housing, Urban Renewal, Municipal Public Library. In emergencies main and County Government, Public Health, library personnel can assist. Transportation, Parks and Recreation, 2. Book Collection is a current working Police and Fire Administration, Public collection. Starting in 1945 with 500 Works, Crime, etc. It is essential that a books, the present collection is 20,000. Municipal Reference Library be located Older volumes and those no longer in the City Hall or with the governmen- needed are sent to the main library. tal offices. Government Documents The Municipal Reference Library oc- cupies 2,300 sq. ft. It has four tables for Municipal Reference Libraries should patrons, 90 legal size drawers for vertical quickly initiate ordinances or resolutions file materials and 24 drawers for news- to insure that they become depositories paper clippings. There is interdepart- of city and county documents. Detroit's mental delivery for all city and county Municipal Reference Library is so desig- offices. The library is open 8:00 a.m.- nated by City Ordinance #704E and a 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday. resolution of the Wayne County Board of Commissioners. Copies of both are The Librarian available on request from Detroit's Mu- nicipal Reference Library. Currently Qualifications for a Municipal Refer- Detroit's Municipal Reference Library, ence Librarian, in addition to a Master's by mutual agreement, exchanges copies Degree in Library Science, should. pref- of all Detroit City and Wayne County erably include work in a special library, documents with 19 similar libraries in or in a specialized subject department of the country. Detroit officials have ready a major city library. access to the annual reports, budgets and The success or failure of a Municipal important studies of cities of comparable Reference Library depends to a large size wit11 comparable problems. extent on its Municipal Reference Li- brarian. Its value in large measure will depend on the initiative of the librarian in disseminating the information on Costs and Facilities hand and in anticipating the needs of the government officials. In 1971 172 the costs of operating De- troit's Municipal Reference Library Received for review Jun 14,1972. Manu- were: script accepted for publication Nov 17, 1972.

Staff costs (including 55.5% 11/11111111l11l11111llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll for fringe benefits) $55,656 Gertrude Pinkney is chief, Detroit Munici- Books and Periodicals 5,005 pal Reference Library, Detroit, Michigan. Total Direct Costs $60,659 sla news

SLA Salary Survey 1973 The mean basic annual salary in 1973 is The median basic annual salary is $12,900. $13,900. This is an 18% increase over the The median is an arithmetic average which 1970 mean of $11,800 and a 45% increase represents the salary at the center of the dis- over the 1967 mean of $9,600. tribution. Half of the salaries are less than The mean was computed using the follow- the median, and half are greater than the ing values: a) the midpoints of all intervals median. between $6,000 and $29,999; b) the lowest The total compilation of salary distribu- category ($5,999 and under) was assigned tions vs. the other variables in the survey has S5,900; c) the highest category ($30,000 and been delayed because of a number of invalid over) was assigned a value of $32,500. (There- responses which had to be eliminated. The fore the salary figures are reported to the rest of the survey will be published as soon nearest $100.) as available.

Basic Annual Salaries: 1959, 1967, 1970 & 1973

1959 1967

16,000-17,999 18,000-1 9,999

20,000-24,999 More than $25,000 100% 100% Mean Salary

Median Salary SEPTEMBER1973 381 SLA accepts with gratitude the kind gift chief of the Military Division of Library of of $1,000 from Miss Helen Maginnis. It Congress sent for me to tell me the Army was accompanied by the following letter. War College and top ranking officers of West Point had made photocopies of my bibli- Dear Members: ography on military science. They called it Thirty-one years ago (1942) I became a the finest ever done in the U.S. member of the Washington, D.C., Chapter of Dear members, I speak of this great mo- Special Libraries Association, but my library ment because it came once in many long career began fifty-five years ago when I left hours of rebuilding libraries and the hard, the University of Maine and entered the hard work of lifting 5,000 to 25,000 books off New York Public Library training school and shelves and arranging on long tables in gen- earned my BLS, credited at the New York eral classification groups, then returning to State Board of Education at Albany, N.Y. A shelves and the individual new classifications few years later our teachers went to Colum- and expanded subject headings, etc., but bia University to found its library school. what a pleasure to leave up-to-date library It was a thrilling time to live; the huge collections with appreciative owners. parades up Fifth Avenue of soldiers return- In 1938 after 20 years in New York City, ing from World War I, followed by visiting my father sent for me to take care of my royalty from around the world and I was dear mother who had suffered a stroke. I was deeply interested in my work in the children's never to return to work again in New York de~artment.Must mention our most loved for I took care of her for four years, and teacher who founded our library story hours: when that was over relatives sent for my Anna Chandler Tyler and her friend Marie father and me to live in Washington, D.C. Shedlock from London who started the li- You can realize with four yeari of fresh brary story hours in England. young librarians with MLS degrees, I wasn't Then came the crash in 1929-1930. I had sure I could ever start again, let alone any- already met Miss Rankin who I believe one would want me, but the Library Bureau later founded the New York Chapter of SLA sent me to a research center, set up by the and heard from her of a new business library big lumber and forestry associations across division of Remington Rand. It was a lean the country; such as Southern Pine Associa- period and many special firms (law, banks, tion, the big companies out west, Weyer- various industries), which had put in orders hauser, the big redwoods and Douglas fir to have a library, felt then it was a luxury associations. The name National Lumber and cancelled their orders. However, it was Manufacturers Association; Director Dr. Wil- a challenge and I liked the new business son Compton whose two brothers were hours and better pay. It was also the begin- former President of MIT and Dr. Arthur ning of special libraries in my mind. A few Compton, the Nobel prize winner from samples: the New York Athletic Club on the University of Chicago. Central Park South majoring in sports; the It was a dream job; shelves of books never State Board of Education in Hartford, Con- cataloged and ten to fifteen thousand pam- necticut, majoring in psychology, measure- phlets, brochures, research papers of some of ment tests, etc. Later they sent their collec- the men who were affiliated with the U.S. tion to Yale's graduate school of education. Forest Service and their research center in Then what I think was my high point, the Wisconsin, the American Forest Products library of the old famous 7th regiment on Laboratory, all beautifully indexed by a Park Avenue, New York, majoring in military dedicated girl who should have gone to li- science. At that time it was larger than West brary schoJ~.There were also two Divisions Point and its members had brought rare I made in classifying for Wood Chemistry books from European countries, beautifully and Timber engineering, a department in illustrated; famous engineers and their draw- itself. ing of fortifications, etc.; and one day, to Most all my classifications in special li- open a very old book to a picture of Napo- braries with major subject groups were sent leon and his signature dedicating the book to Mrs. Pottes who had a room at the Li- to general Gourgoud at St. Helena and to a brary of Congress for that work. certain researching other volumes from St. Then came the inevitable retirement. I Helena. The educational section of the New am 79 years young and it is a happy time to York Herald Tribune had a fine article and give my gift to SLA. copy of Napoleon's picture, but not until Helen M. Maginnis years later when in'washington, D.C., the Weymouth, Mass. MEMBERS IN THE NEWS Stanley J. Bougas, director of libraries, Depart- ment of Commerce . . . elected president of the Federal Librarians Association.

Robert S. Bray, chief, Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Con- gress . . . retired. Edgar Breitenbach . . . retired as chief of SMITH STERNBERG Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress.

Sarah C. Brown, director, Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences, University of Alabama in Birmingham . . . elected president of the Medi- cal Library Association.

Jennifer Cargill, health sciences librarian, Uni- versity of Houston . . . assistant librarian, Sci- ence, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio.

Elizabeth R. Casellas, associate professor and LONG director of the Graduate School of Business Li- brary, Tulane University . . . selected as an honorary member of Beta Gamma Sigma, Tu- lane University Chapter, for 19722/75. Katherine Cipolla . . . named media services librarian, Barker Engineering Library, Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology. John E. Creps, Jr. . . . named executive director, Engineering Index, Inc.

Frank Kurt Cylke . . . appointed chief of the GOODEMOTE Division for the Blind and Physically Handi- capped, Library of Congress.

Marcia Dorfman, assistant librarian, Science, Richard L. Funkhouser, mathematical sciences and geosciences librarian, Purdue University Miami University, Oxford, Ohio . . . head li- Libraries/Audiovisual Center to associate brarian, Mathematics and Science. . . . professor, Library Science. Bill Doudinkoff, president, Dataflow Systems, Laura Gasaway, assistant professor . . . ap- Inc. . . . appointed to the Advisory Committee, pointed law librarian, Bates College of Law, ADP Management Training Center, U.S. Civil University of Houston. Service Commission, Bureau of Training, Wash- ington, D.C. Elizabeth J. Gibson, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith, Inc. . . . presented a paper Stanley Elman, Information Services Depart- on "The Technology of Business Information" ment, Lockheed-California Company, Burbank at the Financial Times Conference in London. . . . on leave to participate in Project Home- Rita Goodemote appointed associate di- coming for returning POWs. L. . . . rector, research information center, Schering Leigh Estabrook, instructor, School of Library Corporation, Bloomfield, N.J. Science, Simmons College . . . promoted to as- Charles Guenther, chief of technical library, De- sistant professor. fense Mapping Agency's Aerospace Center, St. Louis . . . received the Order of Merit of the Carol Fenichel . . . appointed reference librar- Italian Republic, rank of Knight Commander, ian, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadel- in recognition of his translations of contem- phia. porary Italian poetry. Alan M. Fern, assistant chief, Prints and Pho- Alice Hall, data librarian, Center for Interna- tographs Division, Library of Congress . . . ap- tional Studies, M.I.T. . . . Department of pointed chief. Transportation librarian. Doralyn Hickey, associate professor of library brarians' Section of the Association of Western science, University of North Carolina . . . Hospitals. awarded the ALA Margaret Mann Citation in Cataloging and Classification. Maryann J. Mislavitz . . . appointed manager, research literature services, Shering Corpora- C. Lee Jones . . . named medical librarian, Co- tion, Bloomfield, N.J. lumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Hilda E. Moore, head librarian, University of Maryland Health Sciences Library, Baltimore Vija Karklins . . . appointed chief, Technical . . . completed a course in Equal Employment Processing Center, Smithsonian Institution Li- Opportunity Training. braries. Barbara Nicholson, head librarian, Mathematics James M. Kyed . . . named head, Engineering and Science, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio Libraries, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. . . . appointed assistant director, Readers' Services. Judith C. Leondar . . . became manager, In- formation Services, Agricultural Center, Amer- Natalie Nicholson . . . named director, Massa- ican Cyanamid Company. chusetts Institute of Technology Libraries.

Dr. Irving Lieberman, director, School of Li- H. Maria Patermann, librarian, St. Paul Cam- brarianship, University of Washington . . . ap- pus Libraries, University of Minnesota; Fred pointed an external examiner for the Depart- Hearth, 3M Technical Library; and Renee ment of Library Studies, University of Ibadan, Evans, coordinator of the Oil Spill Information Nigeria. Center, University of California, Santa Barbara . . . contributed to the 4 volume Oil Pollution; Harold F. Lindenmeyer, formerly deputy chief An Index-Catalog to the Collection of the Oil librarian, U.S. Patent Office Scientific Library Spill Information Center. . . . retired. Mildred Raitt . . named chief, Acquisitions Mary Jane Linn, head of Technical Services, . Division, Smithsonian Institution. Health, Education and Welfare Library . . . named chief, Cataloging Division, Smithsonian Institution Libraries. Karen K. Raskin . . . appointed head librarian, Mathematical Sciences Library and Computer F. Raymond Long . . . named head, Medical Science Library, Stanford University. Sciences Library, University of California, Ir- vine. Janet S. Reed, senior assistant librarian, Busi- ness and Public Administration Library, Cor- Effie B. Lunsford, reference librarian, Center nell University . . . has assumed the position of for Disease Control, Atlanta . . . retired. librarian, University of Connecticut M.B.A. Li- brary. Cathryn C. Lyon, Naval Weapons Laboratory . . . elected vice president, Federal Librarians Dr. Frank Bradway Rogers, librarian, University Associa tion. of Colorado Medical Center . . . receives the Distinguished Achievement Award of Drexel Joan Maier, attended an ALA accredidation University Graduate School of Library Science seminar . . . to serve on host teams for ac- and its Alumni Association. crediting library schools. John Sherrod, director, National Agricultural Sol and Mary Ann Malkin, publishers of AB Library . . . appointed General Manager, NASA Bookman's Weekly and Yearbook . . . received Scientific and Technical Information Facility, the ALA Clarence Day Award 1973 for service College Park, Md., for Leasco. to the world of books through publishing and editing. Margaret N. Sloane, reference librarian, Re- dondo Beach Public Library System named Agnes A. Masterson of Bentley College, Wal- . . . librarian, City of Cerritos Public Library. tham, Mass. . . . appointed librarian of Sim- mons College, School of Library Science Library. Ruth Camp Smith . . . named chief of the Na- James M. Matarazzo . . . promoted to associate tional Institutes of Health Library, a Branch of professor, School of Library Science, Simmons the Division of Research Services, Bethesda, College. Md.

Marguerite McLean, Group Health Hospital, Virginia Sternberg, formerly supervisor, Tech- Seattle . . . named secretary of the Hospital Li- nical Information Center, Westinghouse Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory . . . now Executive Elizabeth R. Usher, chief librarian, Metropoli- Director, Pittsburgh Regional Library Center. tan Museum of Art, Thomas J. Watson Library . . . chairman, College Art Association's Art Li- Edward G. Strable, past-president, Special Li- braries Session broadcast live by WNYC-FM. braries Association . . . guest lecturer at the Graduate Library School Convocation, Indiana Melvin E. Westerman, business reference li- University. brarian, Penn State University . . . will spend 3 months in Lima, Peru, at the Escuela de Ad- Lucille Jackson Strauss retiring . . . formerly de Negocios para Graduodos as librarian and head, Chemistry and Physics ministration Branch Library, Pennsylvania State University part of an exchange program. Libraries. Virginia C. Whitney, librarian, Brookings Insti- Francine F. Tiller, head of reference, Memorial tution . . . retired. University of Newfoundland . . . appointed head, Reference Department, Central Michigan Bill M. Woods, executive director, Engineering University Library. Index, Inc. . . . resigned.

In Memoriam

Lawrence C. A. Arany, retired head librarian of Rosemary Martin, formerly a member of the the combined Indianapolis Star and News li- Geography and Map Division, retired . . . died braries . . . died at the age of 60 last February. Nov 1, 1972. She had joined SLA in 1952. He was an active member of SLA for 36 years and received the John H. Moriarty Award in 1971. Mr. Arany indexed a variety of books including the Joy of Cooking and Understanding Stocks. Florence R. McMaster, law professor and librarian at the Indianapolis Law School, In- diana-Purdue University . . . died July 16, 1973, at the age of 57. She had been a member of SLA Dorothea K. Blender, retired, formerly a vice since 1944 and served most recently as a mem- president with the Commerce Clearing House, ber of the Resolutions Committee. Inc., Chicago, Ill. . . . died Oct 10, 1972. She had been a member of SLA since 1936.

Mary M. Simmons, librarian, Evangelical School of Nursing, Christ Community Hospital, Oak Logan 0. Cowgill, assistant manager, Water Re- Lawn, Ill. . . . died Jan 28, 1973. A retired pub- sources Science Information Center, Interior De- lic librarian, she was a member of SLA, the partment . . . died May 21, 1973. A member of Medical Library Association, and the Hospital SLA since 1955, he was chairman of the Stand- and Nursing School Librarians of the Midwest. ards Committee; past president of the Washing- ton, D.C. Chapter; SLA representative to the ALA Library Administration Division, Library Organization and Management Section, Statis- tics Coordinating Committee for 1968-1973. Marguerite D. Burnett

Marguerite D. Burnett, former chief librarian of the Federal Resewe Bank of New York, and Mary K. Dempsey, retired director of the Mon- a member of the Special Libraries Association tana Historical Society, Helena . . . died Feb 7, since 1930 died July 15, 1973, in New York City 1973, at 74. She was the director of the Mar- after an illness connected with a stroke. quette University libraries from 1945 to 1955. It Miss Burnett's outstanding career as a special was she who organized the library system. Miss librarian began when she came to New York in Dempsey had been a member of SLA for 28 years. 1919 as a cataloger of the Financial Library of the First National City Bank of New York. The Association recognized these and the many following year she was appointed the first li- other services she had rendered by designating brarian of the newly created reference research her as one of the very small and illustrious library of the Federal Reserve Bank of New group of special librarians to be honored with York. In the thirty-four years under her ad- the Hall of Fame Award when it was presented ministration, the library grew and prospered for the first time at the Fiftieth Anniversary until by the time of her retirement in 1954 it Celebration. was recognized as one of the finest special fi- Although very modest about her own high nancial collections in the United States, with an professional attainments, Marguerite Burnett expert professional and clerical staff of sixteen was always ready and willing to help less ex- providing effective services to the Bank's research perienced, younger librarians. Her considerate functions. manner and the warmth of her interest in them During these years Miss Burnett was also an will still be remembered by quite a number of enthusiastically active member in the Special New York financial librarians who wcre helpctl Libraries Association. She held many positions on their way to their present high positions by in the New York Chapter, including that of her wise and generous counsel. Chapter president 1921/22. At the Association It is good to know that Marguerite Burnctt level she was a member of the Board of Direc- lived to enjoy almost twenty years of retirement tors 1936138; member of the Finance Committee in New York, a city she loved and where she 1938140; member and then Chairman of the cnjoyed the theatre, philharmonic symphony Student Loan Committee 1941144; Convention concerts, art museums and lecture courses she Manager, 1943; Trustee of SLA Headquarters often attended. Those of us who knew her will Pension Fund, 1948. She was also the author/ always remember her not only as a fine librar- compiler of articles appearing in Special Li- ian, proud of her profession, but as a lovely, braries and of various separate SL4 publications. gracious and friendly person. We extend sym- She somehow found time to lecture on financial pathy to her sisters. library topics before the Columbia and Rutgers schools of library service, the American Library Association and many SLA meetings. In 1959 the

Howcan he get to the top when he atit men get to the elevator? Help create an environment that's barrier-free for the handicapped. Write to the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped, Washington, D.C. 202 10. HAVE YOU HEARD? Bibliography Service Readers Advisory Services (RAS) is a Urban Librarianship subscription service providing topical subject Pratt Institute Graduate School of bibliographies, annotated reading lists, and Library and Information Science has an- guides to the literature. The service is pub- nounced a new post-master (sixth year) pro- lished by Science Associates/International, gram in urban librarianship and information 23 East 26th St., New York 10010. Advisory science leading to an Advanced Certificate editor is Leonard Cohan, director of librar- in Library and Information Studies. For in- ies, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. formation: Dr. Nasser Sharify, Dean, Grad- uate School of Library and Information Reprographic Services Science, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N.Y. Directory of Library Reprographic 11205. Seruices 5th ed. has been compiled and edited by Joseph Z. Nitecki (assistant direc- Multi-Lingual Libraty Science tor for technical services, Temple University) Elsevier's Dictionary of Library Sci- and includes detailed information about the ence, Information and Documentation is a reprographic services of over 240 photo multilingual dictionary in English/American, duplication departments in the U.S. and French, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and German. abroad. The Directory is available for $4.00 The 608 page volume containing 5,439 en- prepaid from Microform Review, Inc., tries is $26.50 from Elsevier Publishing Co., Rogues Ridge, Weston, Conn. 06880. Book Div., P.O. Box 1270, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Journals Cited Journal Citation Reports (JCR) is a AFIPS Executive Director new service to provide periodically updated Dr. Robert W. Rector, associate direc- rankings and statistical data that indicate tor of continuing education in engineering relative merit of individual journals, rela- and science, UCLA, has been appointed to a tionships between journals, and the effect of five-year term as Executive Director, American time on the use of published journal articles. Federation of Information Processing Soci- The cost for the complete set is $450. For eties (AFIPS). information: Institute for Scientific Infor- mation, 325 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Cancer Inf omtion 19106. A contract has been awarded to In- Library Cooperation formatics, Inc. (Canoga Park, Calif.), to develop the first phase of a Cancer Information The San Diego Greater Metropolitan Service (CIS) for the U.S. Department of Area Library Council has been founded by 40 Health, Education and Welfare/National San Diego libraries to further cooperation and Institutes of Health. The contract is to study coordination of library services and collec- the history of worldwide cancer data services, tions in the county. Committees have been the information needs of cancer scientists, formed to develop an annotated directory of and how information about cancer can be the member libraries and a workable inter- made available throughout the scientific library loan system. Publication of a news- community. An International Cancer Re- letter is also anticipated. search Data Bank and Information Support Services will be developed. Automation Survey A Survey of Commonplace Problems CLR pellowships in Library Automation is available as vol. 11 The deadline for receipt of completed of the LARC Association's World Survey applications for the Council on Library Ke- Series. The price to nonmembers is $15.00 sources (CLR) 1974175 Fellowship Program hardbound and $12.00 paper. Order from is Nov 1, 1973. The fellowships are intended LARC Press Ltd., 105-117 W. Fourth Ave., to cover costs during a period of leave to Peoria, Ill. 61602. pursue a self-developed study or research project. The awards will be announced Apr COLT Information 1, 1974. For information: CLR, 1 DuPont A new brochure describing the pur- Circle, Suite 620, Washington, D.C. 20036. poses of the Council on Library Technical-As- sistants (COLT) lists the organization's lation situation. A Secretariat has been es. publications and provides membership infor- tablished to coordinate the program. mation. Copies are available from Richard L. Taylor, Publications Chairman, COLT, Wil- bur Wright College Library, 3400 North Editorial Communication Austin Ave., Chicago, 111. 60634. A bimonthly newsletter, The Scientific Editor, has been established to provide communication among the editors of learned Hardware Careers journals. The publisher is Information Sys- "Opportunities for Careers in Hard- tems Association, London. Inquiries should ware Stores" is a booklet which may be of be addressed to The Scientific Editor, P.O. interest to business libraries. It is published Box 573, Westminster, London, SWl Eng- by and available from Russell R. Mueller land. Retail Hardware Research Foundation, 964 North Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Ind. Certificate Program 46204. A certificate of professional development in library-information science is being NCLIS Contracts offered by the Center for the Advancement of Library-Information Science at the Gradu- The National Commission on Librar- ate School/City University Center, 33 W. ies and Information Science has announced 42nd St., N.Y. Professor Vivian Sessions is the award of three contracts. A nine-month director of the Center. study of future alternatives for funding library services will be done by Government Studies and Systems, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. MLA Executive Director The principal investigator is Rodney Lane. John S. LoSasso has been appointed A feasibility study for regional lending li- Executive Director, Medical Library Associa- brary resource centers and regional biblio- tion, effective Jul 1, 1973. He was most re- graphic centers will be done by Westat, Inc., cently with the American Society for Pre- Rockville, Md. Eugene Palmour is principal ventive Dentistry and the American Dental investigator. Continuing education for pro- Hygienists' Association. fessionals in libraries and related information service will be studied by the Catholic University library school under the direction Micrographics Introduction of Dean Elizabeth Stone. The National Microfilm Association The Commission's hearings for 1973174 (NMA, 8728 Colesville Rd., Silver Spring, are scheduled for Oct 3, 1973 (Boston) and Md. 20910) has published a 28-page micro- Apr 24, 1974 (San Antonio). Meetings will film primer, "Introduction to Micrograph- also be held at the Library of Congress, Dec ics." Descriptions and supporting illustra- 6-7, 1973; Feb 7-8, 1974; May 30-31, 1974. tions provide basic information on microforms. Copies are available from NMA Hazardous Materials for $1.00. R. M. Graziano's Tariff No. 27, Hazard- ous Materials Regulations of the Department Book of the Year Competition of Transportation, has been published by the The Southeastern Library Association Bureau of Explosives, Association of Ameri- has announced the Book Design Competition can Railroads, American Railroads Building, for the 1973 Southern Book of the Year. All Washington, D.C. 20036. The cost for the books published or printed and designed service and supplements is $12.00 for Bureau within -the territory corresponding to the members; $15.00 for nonmembers. Southeastern and Southwestern Library As- sociations are eligible. The entry fee is $3.00 for the first title and $2.00 for each addi- WPY 1974 tional entry. Entries should be sent to James The United Nations has designated Hanson, Special Collections Librarian, Uni- 1974 as World Population Year to stimulate versity of Southern Mississippi, Southern Sta- informed awareness among all peoples about tion, Box 53, Hattiesburg, Miss. 39401, not the nature, size, and complexity of the popu- later than Dec 1, 1973. Svenningsen, Federal Archives and Records Cen- COMING EVENTS ter, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colo. 80225. Oct. 6. Government Documents workshop . . . at Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, Pa. Co- Nov 28-30. Using Information Sources and sponsored by Pittsburgh Chapter, SLA, and Services Seminar . . . at Pratt Institute, Grad- others. Contact: Mary Beth Miller, Hillman Li- uate School of Library and Information Science, brary, Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pa. 15260. New York. Sponsor: National Federation of Ab- stracting & Indexing Services. Contact: Stella Oct 15-26. Introduction to Modern Archives Keenan, Executive Director, NFAIS, 3401 Market Administration . . . at the National Archives Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19104. Building. Sponsor: National Archives and Rec- ords Service, Library of Congress, and the Mary- Nov 30-Dec 1. Federal Documents Regional land Hall of Records. Accredited by the Dept. WorkshopRegion V . . . at the Sheraton- of History of the American University. For in- Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Sponsored by the ALA formation: Dept. of History, 29th Archives In- Government Documents Round Table, Illinois stitute, The American University, Washington, State Library, SLA Government Information D.C. 20016. Services Committee, and the Federation of In- formation Users. Contact: Geneva Finn, Illinois Oct 3O-Nov 2. Illinois Library Association, 77th State Library, Documents/Serials Branch, Cen- Annual Convention . . . at the Sheraton O'Hare tennial Building, Springfield, 111. 62756. Hotel, Chicago. For information: Illinois Li- brary Association, Executive Offices, 716 Rush St., Chicago 60611.

Nov 2-3. Institute on the Impact of Change on the Individual Librarian . . . at Hyatt Hotel, May 6-10. National Computer Conference and Palo Alto, Calif. Sponsor: Library Institute Exposition, Papers and Session Proposals In- Planning Committee. Information: Joseph E. vited . . . at McCormick Place, Chicago. Dead- Ryus, 2858 Oxford Ave., Richmond, Calif. 94806. line: Nov 15. For information: Dr. S. S. Yau, Computer Sciences Dept., Northwestern Univer- Nov 3. Legal History: Sources for Research, sity, Evanston, Ill. 60201; or T. M. Bellan, Com- archival symposium . . . at the University of puter Services, McDonnell Douglas Automation Colorado, Boulder. For information: Robert Co., P.O. Box 516, St. Louis, Mo. 63166.

REVIEWS

Network and Disciplines: Proceeding of the of computers throughout the spectrum of higher EDUCOM Fall Conference Oct 11, 12, 13, 1972. education. Subject fields represented in these Ann Arbor, Mich. Educom: The Interuniversity discussions are chemistry, linguistics, economics Communications Council, 1973. and social sciences. The second part of the proceedings includes Networking with computers was the theme of banquet addresses and results of workshop panel the EDUCOM Fall 1972 Conference at Ann discussions with the recorded questions and Arbor, the fifth in the series of EDUCOM answers from those attending these sessions. sponsored conferences on the subject. Judging Finally, the appendexes list Conference partici- from the material represented in Networks and pants and additional material from presentations at the Conference. Disciplines, this was a fruitful conference in Networks and Disciplines provides the meat which a variety of computer systems were de- of the Conference deliberations through the scribed, compared, and generally discussed and publication of these edited papers and in so from which one can take a measure of the doing presents an overview of computerization progress made to date. of networks. As in most conference proceedings One of the contributors at the Conference the reader wishes for greater detail. One is also mentioned in his speech the fact that higher a little overcome by the use of acronyms education is often referred to as a "marketplace EDUCOM, NELINET, MICIS, NORC which of ideas." It would be accurate to apply this are the accepted means for identifying individ- same descriptive phrase to the contents of these ual systems. A glossary would have helped. Conference proceedings. Any library interested in the progress of The arrangement of the proceedings is as computers will find this publication a useful follows: first; the speeches of participants who addition. present descriptions of their individual com- Theodore P. Peck puter network systems. These fall into a variety University of Minnesota of disciplines which demonstrate the versatility Minneapolis, Minn. 55455 PUBS

(73-01) Serial Publications: Their Place and (7346) Cable Television: A Handbook for Treatment in Libraries, 2d ed. Osborn, Andrew Decision-making. Santa Monica, Calif., Rand, D. Chicago, Am. Libr. Ass., 1973. xx, 43413. 1973. xix, 229p. $5.00 (R-1133-NSF) $15.50 LC 72-4519 ISBN G8389-0118-2 Technology, economics, ownership, regulation Theory and practice of selection, acquisition, and uses are described. Potential programming processing, housing and servicing of serials in and services, rather than technical aspects, are libraries are covered in detail. The rapid growth emphasized. Librarians interested in more de- of computer and other machine applications is tails of Cable TV applications to libraries will emphasized throughout. The first edition was find the section "For More Information" useful. considered to be a classic by many librarians. Appendixes include a glossary and "Financial Models of Three Cable Television Systems."

(73-02) World Guide Library Schools and to (7347) First USA-Japan Computer Conference Training Courses in Documentation. Paris, Proceedings, October 3-5, 1972, Tokyo. Mont- Unesco, 1972. (avail. UNIPUB, N.Y.) 245p. $9.00 vale, N.J., AFIPS, 1972. 717p. Apply Contains information on 306 programs of higher Co-sponsors of the conference were AFIPS and education in librarianship and information man- the Information Processing Society of Japan. agement. Details include admission require- 107 technical papers reflect current status, re- ments, lists of courses offered, duration, diploma cent major developments, possible future direc- awarded, faculty size and acceptability of for- tions and interrelationships of computer tech- eign students. nologies in the US. and Japan.

(73-03) The Administration of Archives. Hod- (73-08) Nonbook Materials: The Organization son, J. H. Elmsford, N.Y., Pergamon, 1972. xv, of Integrated .Collections. Weihs, Jean Riddle, 217p. $16.50 (Internl. Series of Monographs in and others. Ottawa, Can. Libr. Ass., 1973. ix, Library and Info. Sci., v.15) LC 72-163642 ISBN 107p. $6.50 ISBN 0-88802-091-0 0-08-016676-8 Concise treatment of nonbook materials as in- British view of theory and practice--from 15 tegral parts of library collections. Suggested years experience with public library, county, cataloging policy, cataloging rules for specific and university archives. Emphasis is on practical materials, references to materials not described restoration and preservation information for in the catalog and guidelines for storage are all who must deal with archival facilities con- included. taining limited equipment. Detailed bibliography. (73-09) Canadian Reference Sources: A Selective Guide. Ryder, Dorothy E., ed. Ottawa, Can. Libr. Ass., 1973. x, 185p. $10.00 ISBN C88802- (73-04) Comparative Librarianship: Essays in 093-7 Honor of Professor D. N. Marshall. Delhi, Vikas, 1973.245~.Rs35 SBN 7069-0223-5 This is a descriptive list patterned after the Walford and Winchell guides-arranged by sub- Prof. Marshall is a former president of the In- ject with an author-title-subject index. Empha- dian Association of Special Libraries and Infor- sis is on works dealing with Canada in general. mation Centres and was librarian and head of With the exception of a few items on Montreal, the Bombay University Library School at the Ottawa, and Toronto, there are no listings con- time of his retirement-the occasion for these cerning areas smaller than a province. papers. Of particular interest to special librarians are "Documentation in India" and desaip- tions of special libraries. (73-10) Scientific Books, Libraries and Collec- tors: A Study of Bibliography and -the Book Trade in Relation to Science. 3d rev. ed. Thorn- (7%05) The Time-Lag in Cataloging. Pope, S. ton, John L. and Tully, R. I. J. London, The Elspeth. Metuchen, N.J., Scarecrow, 1973. (PhD Library Ass., 1971. ix, 508p. Apply SBN 85365- Diss., Univ. Pittsburgh, 1972) xi, 209p. $6.50 LC 424-7 72-8097 ISBN 0-810845514 History of the production and distribution of Comprehensive study of the major predicqment scientific litera.ture is intended for the student of technical processing includes the background, rather than the experienced historian of science. present status and proposed attempts toward The detailed index, 85-page bibliography and alleviation of the problem. Appendixes, bibliog- extensive notes make it useful as a reference raphy, extensive notes. work for the academic and public librarian. Reports of Standing Committees l972/73

Bylaws Following the 1971 Bylaws revisions, Chapters 1. That the Bylaws provide limits to the num- and Divisions have responded to CLO and DL0 ber of major offices which one individual may admonitions for updating of their Bylaws, and occupy. (Recommendation: that such controls numerous submissions have been made to the not be exercised through a Bylaw, but be issued Committee Chairman, with outcome as follows: as an operating policy statement.) Approved: Alabama, Europe, Hawaiian-Pacific 2. That the Membership Committee be re- (Prov.), Kentucky (Prov.), Long Island, Missouri quested to review the restriction against election (Prov.), Princeton-Trenton, Greater St. Louis, of present SLA members to Honorary Member- Southern California, Virginia, Advertising-Mar- ship, and to recommend to the Board confirma- keting, Chemistry, Documentation, Insurance, tion or alteration of this policy. Transportation; Advised: Cincinnati, Dayton, 3. That the Bylaws provide for deferment of Hudson Valley (Prov.), Montreal, Oregon, Food dues payment up to eleven months, upon appli- (Prov.), Museum, Physics/Astronomy/Mathemat- cation by unemployed members. ics, Social Science (Urban Affairs Section). 4. That the Executive Committee be established Responding to the recommendation of the in the Bylaws, to include the President, Presi- 1971 172 Bylaws Committee report, the Board of dent-Elect and Treasurer, to exercise all powers Directors and President-Elect instructed the new of the Board between its meetings, subject to Committee to study the feasibility of a complete ratification by the Board at its next meeting. revision of the Association Bylaws and of mov- (Recommendation: Approval as a present pro- ing ahead with such revision if appropriate. To cedure.) gain insight and background of this charge, sev- 5. That the Board consider the adequacy of the eral members of the Committee met with Presi- present procedure for selection of members and dent Gonzalez, President-Elect Strable and the chairman of the Nominating Committee. Executive Director in Boston. The character of 6 That the Board consider the need for limita- dissatisfaction and suggested changes were ex- tion of terms of service of Association repre- plored in discussion. Since the Association's sentatives. Counsel had also expressed uneasiness with the WILLJAMS. BUDINGTON existing document, the Committee Chairman met with Counsel and the Executive Director for half a day in March, and numerous adjust- Chapter Liaison Oficer ments were considered, with respect to member- For annual report see ship rights and privileges, tax exempt status, 1973). officer succession, etc. A working paper containing all proposals was prepared for study by the Committee. It is their sense that revision of the Committee on Committees present document is indeed feasible, that it will be a medium-sized task, and that such revision The Committee on Committees has had a commence. Initial drafts of one or two sections rather quiet year for a change. are being provided to the Board as a sampling At the October 1972 Fall Meeting, the SLA of this beginning effort. It is the Committee's Board of Directors, finding our revised defini- plan to present a complete first draft of the re- tion of the Committee on Cooperation with Re- vised Bylaws to the Board at its Fall 1973 Meet- lated Associations not entirely satisfactory, voted ing, so that the final draft may be considered to dissolve this Committee since its intended for Board approval at the 1974 Winter Meet- purposes are currently being fulfilled by Repre- ing in San Diego, be distributed to the mem- sentatives to Associations. bership, and voted upon at the Toronto Con- At the Winter meeting in January 1973, the ference. ConC proposed the following recommendations Several suggestions have been forwarded to which were accepted by the Board of Directors: the Committee for incorporation in the revised 1) Redefinition of the Headquarters Operations Bylaws. These require substantive decisions, Committee; 2) Definition of the New Committee which the Committee considers beyond its as- on Positive Action for Minority Groups; 3) Dis- signed competence. It therefore refers the fol- solution of the International Relations Com- lowing matters to the Board and will incorpo- mittee. rate in the revision such decisions as the Board The committee has submitted the following may direct. The Committee's own recommenda- recommendations to the Board of Directors for tion is appended to each proposal where ap- approval at its June 1973 meeting: 1) Reduction propriate. The Committee suggests that the in Membership of the Resolutions and Tellers full Board may not wish to deliberate these in Committees; 2) Redefinition of the Education detail but refer them to a Board committee or Committee. other group. ROSEMARYDEMAREST SEPTEMBER1973 Committee on Positive Action Program for Consultation Seruice Minority Groups This report is being submitted as a record of This report is the first annual report of this progress toward an energetic consultation service Committee which was established by the Board program which had its start with the previously of Directors at its October 1972 meeting in New approved mission statement. York. As of this date, the Committee members During the past year the draft of the "Con- and terms of office are as follows: Kai-Yun Chiu sultation Service Chapter Consultation Officers (1972/75), Emily Mobley (1972/74), William B. Procedures" was finalized, printed, and distrib- Saunders (1972/75), Joseph M. Dagnese (19721 uted to SLA Chapter Consultation Officers. Com- 74), Chairman. One more committee appoint- munications have been sent to me on this man- ment remains to be made in order to complete ual and have indicated that its distribution was the total of five members. Inasmuch as the ap- well received and long overdue. pointments of Ms. Chiu and Mr. Saunders were Another major undertaking of the Committee not made until March 1973, the Committee has has been a revision of the Consultation Service not been able to meet. One round of corre- brochure as old copies have been exhausted. spondence has been exchanged and we expect to There is evidence of considerable activity and meet in Pittsburgh in June for the first time. interest in consultation-the nature of the serv- A report was made to the Board of Directors ice and ways to improve the service or just do a and to the Advisory Council at the Winter creditable job in handling the referred contacts. Meeting in Tulsa in January 1973 by the Chair- Two notable examples are the Virginia Chapter man. At this same meeting the definition of the and the Pacific Northwest Chapter. Committee was approved by the Board of Di- The Virginia Chapter has printed an attrac- rectors. tive consultation brochure of their own which The charge of the Committee is to develop could serve as a model for similar brochures in programs "that will encourage and assist mem- other chapters. Through the Consultation News- bers of minority groups in entering and advanc- letter we will inform the Chapters about this ing in the field of special librarianship and in- brochure. formation science." The Committee will direct The Pacific Northwest Chapter held an all its efforts toward this end in the year ahead. day workshop on Library Consulting which in- Liaison has been established with ALA's Office cluded speakers from management, a mock infor Library Personnel Resources in the persons terview between management and consultant, of Margaret Barber and Marilyn Salazar. criticism and discussion of the mock interview Since the Winter Meeting, the Chairman has and a presentation by Grieg Aspnes of the Min- corresponded with several SLA members on top- nesota Chapter on "What we have learned after ics related to, but not contained in, the charge 15 years of consulting in Minneapolis." Biblio- -namely, employment of the physically handi- graphics were also given to participants. Ap- capped and women as a minority group. These, proximately 50 people attended the program. and other related topics, suggest that there may Also, Chapters have sent to me reports of their be a place in the Association for an "umbrella" activities during the past year. These range from committee dealing with the many aspects of so- no contacts to a high of 19 clients serviced by cial issues. the Virginia Chapter this past year. The Min- Finally, because of the short time this Com- nesota Chapter provided service to 13 clients mittee has been in existence, there are no rec- during this time for second high according to ommendations for Board action. However, the reports received at this time. Committee will welcome the opportunity to ap- Two issues of the Consultation Service News- pear before the Board should it be so desired. letter were published with another issue ex- JOSEPHM. DAGNESE pected to be published prior to the Pittsburgh Conference. As in previous years a Consultation meeting is scheduled for Consultation Officers, Chapter Conference Advisory Committee presidents and others interested during the The Conference Advisory Committee has Pittsburgh Conference. nothing to report. AUDREYN. GROSCH LOYDRATHBUN Division Liaison Oficer

Conference 1973 For annual report see SL 64 (no.7): 307 (Jul 1973). SLA's 64th Annual Conference was held Jun 1&14, 1973, in Pittsburgh. The registration Education count was 2,107. The Harry Belafonte concert netted nearly $1,500 for the SLA Scholarship The Education Committee of Special Libraries Fund. There were 96 exhibitors in 107 booths, Association has worked hard during this past the highest number to date. year to carry out its specific charges. Budget State of the Art." March 5, 1973-School of For the first time this year, the Education Library Science, University of Southern Cali- Committee has had a separate Education Pro- fornia; March 10, 1973-Department of Li- gram within the Association's budget where the brary Science, Arizona State University. income from the Continuing Education Semi- Joseph M. Dagnese (Director of Libraries and nars held at the Annual Conferences is the only Audio-visual Center, Purdue University): income for the Committee. This money is to be "Cooperation Between Academic and Special used to finance the seminars and the John Cot- Libraries." April 5, 1973-School of Library ton Dana lectures. However, any unspent money and Information Sciences, State University of does not carry over to the next year. Since the New York at Albany; April 4-Ecole de Bib- full expense report for this year's seminars is liothtconomie, Universitt de Montrerll. not available for this report, it remains to be Miriam Tees (Chief Librarian, The Royal Bank seen how well we will do. This seems to be a of Canada): "The Special Library-An Op- very workable idea and should be continued in portunity for Creativity." March 1, 1973- the future. School of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland. John Cotton Dana Lectures Floyd L. Henderson (Librarian, Corporate Li- The John Cotton Dana lecture program has brary, Control Data Corporation): "The Spe- cial Librarian Today and Tomorrow." April done very well this year. There was some concern by some of the lecturers that the lectures 25, 1973-Library Science Department, Queens were poorly attended, especially by students- College; April 24, 1973-Graduate Library the very people we are trying to reach. There School, University of Rhode Island. is no real solution to this problem unless we em- One school, University of Pittsburgh, has not ploy someone in the New York offices to handle set a date for their lecture. They, however, have all the preparations, publicity, etc. As it now an important responsibility in conducting the works, the school takes care of all publicity. Continuing Education Seminars in the Annual Some schools do a very good job; others, evi- Conferences. dently, do not. This Committee cannot foresee For the next year, the same number of lec- the problem and cannot do the publicity for tures will be proposed depending on this year's them. This problem will be investigated by the cost and the amount of money left in the Edu- next Committee. cation Program budget. The Committee still Since the initiation of the lectures in 1961, feels that this lecture program is an extremely 66 have been given through 1972. To date, very important contact with the library school and little has been done with the actual lectures student and that it should be continued in its and more recently the tapes of the lectures. The present format. The fact that only 50 show up Committee has discussed this briefly and agrees for a lecture with, maybe, one-fourth students that more needs to be done in making the con- should not concern us too much. If we can sell tents of the lectures available to more people. these 12 students on special libraries, we have Possible ideas include setting up a publishing spent our money wisely. program of the lectures in printed form and on tape and making them available at a modest price. Continuing Education Seminar-Pittsburgh The Committee will continue thinking about The Continuing Education Seminars at the this problem and will make some definite pro- Annual Conference continue to be popular. posals during the next year. They are, however, difficult to put together For 1973, from a list of 14 names submitted to when Committee members are not all in one the Board, 11 were approved as possible JCD area. For this reason, this year the seminars lecturers. Of these 11, five were selected to cover were planned by a local sub-committee with 10 schools plus 1 extra as a carryover from last Dorothy L. Lesh as sub-committee chairman year. JCD lectures were as follows: and members including Oxanna Kaufman, Mil- lie Myers, and Glenora E. Russell. The seminars Joan Maier (Chief, Library Services at the Na- will be held Sunday, Jun 10, at the University tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- of Pittsburgh. tion): "The Library in the Year 2,000." Feb- Evaluation of these seminars will have to wait ruary 6, 1973-Department of Library Science, until after the conference. Tentative plans have Wayne State University. been started for the seminars at the Toronto Edward Miller (Assistant Professor, School of Conference in 1974. Library and Informational Science, University of Missouri): "Methods of Evaluating Special Committee Redefinition Operations." April 11, 1973-School of Li- A request was made at the Winter 1973 Meet- brary Services, Atlanta University; February ing in Tulsa to redefine the Education Commit- 14, 1973-Graduate School of Library Serv- tee. The idea was to have five members each ices, University of Alabama. with a 5-year staggered term. This would per- Calla Ann Pepmueller (Supervisor, Technical mit the members to each have a specific job Library Reference Division, Sandia Labora- each year with one year as chairman. It also tories): "Special Librarianship: A Look at the would require them to meet three times each year in order to plan and initiate the many of the Board of Directors at the Annual Con- charges given to the Committee. This request ference concerning: was referred to the Committee on Committees. 1. Approval of an SLA Research Grants-in-Aid fund. Regional Seminars 2. Approval of the return to the Reserve Fund The Education Committee was asked last year of the $8,000 borrowed from it. to plan and carry out regional Continuing 3. Acceptance of the projection of membership Education Seminars across the country. One dues and fees as preliminary 1974 budget figures. was attempted in the San Francisco Bay Area. JANETRICNEY No others were tried as a direct result of efforts of this committee. The Education Committee Government Information Services finds that this is a very time-consuming operation. Again, this appears to be a full-time job The highlight of the year was an attempt to to ensure proper planning and follow through. tackle the problem of service from the U.S. Gov- However, even though there was no direct ernment Printing Office (GPO). At the urging nudge from the Education Committee, many of two SLA Chapters, Southern California and Chapters did in fact organize their own semi- New York, the Committee prepared a statement nars and workshops. Many of these have had and presented it to the SLA Board at the Win- some good publicity and have been very suc- ter Meeting. A slightly revised version was ac- cessful. It appears, then, that maybe all that is cepted and sent by SLA President Edward Stra- needed is more direct contact with the Chapters ble to Senator Howard W. Cannon, Chairman of the Joint Committee on Printing. Copies with proper written and oral guidance in order were sent to President Nixon, appropriate mem- to encourage them to plan and carry out such bers of Congress, the Acting Public Printer, the programs. The Committee will consider fur- Acting Superintendent of Documents, the Of- ther recommendations on this problem. The Education Committee feels that it had a fice of Management and Budget, the National Commission on Libraries and Information Sci- successful year and is making plans for the corn- ence, and the American Library Association ing year. Government Documents Round Table (ALA/ H. ROBERTMALINOWSKY GDRT). This statement was endorsed by the ALAIGDRT at the ALA Mid-Winter Meeting Employment Policy in Washington, D.C. It was included in a talk before representatives of Congress, industry and This year the Employment Policy Committee library associations, at a meeting in Washington, studied the problem of the establishment of an D.C., sponsored by the Information Industry As- employment service for the Association. The sociation. It was liberally quoted and included Committee felt that any service must serve both intact in a statement prepared by the Federal those seeking jobs as well as prospective em- Statistics Users Conference. It was printed in the ployers and be timely, fast, and economical to record of the Hearing before the Committee on operate. An interim report was submitted to the Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Board in the Fall indicating that the Committee 93rd Congress, 1st Session, on Nomination of favored the establishment of a "job hotline" Thomas F. McCormick to be Public Printer, (telephone answering service). This plan was re- January 31, 1973 (Washington, D.C., US. Govt. jected by the Board for a variety of reasons in- Print. Off., 1973). A report appeared in Special cluding lack of available operating funds. Libraries 64 (no.3): 155, 157 (Mar 1973) and 64 Therefore, the Committee will continue to re- (no.4): 11A, 208-211 (Apr 1973). view the problem and hopefully an acceptable Other activities throughout the year included plan will be developed in 1973174. jointly sponsoring meetings, speaking at con- F. M. MCKENNA ferences, contacting members of industry and government, receiving letters and telephone calls £rom SLA Chapters and members about Finance specific problems, relaying these to the appro- The Finance Committee met Sep 27, 1972, and priate government authorities for response, es- reviewed the budget for 1975. Recommendations tablishing liaison with government documents were brought to the attention of the Board of groups in other associations, communicating Directors concerning: with the Regional User Groups, writing .for publication, and assembling a manual for the 1. Membership category "Member (paid for GIs Committee. life)." Meetings. On Apr 13-14, 1973, over 140 peo- 2. Increase in student dues. ple participated in a "Federal Documents Re- 3. Pooling of Chapter and Division Project gional Workshop" sponsored jointly by GISC, funds as not a workable idea. the ALAIGDRT, SLA Heart of America and 4. Continued emphasis on Membership Drive St. Louis Chapters, two sections of the Missouri since members are a prime source of income. Library Association, the Kansas Library Associa- The Financial Committee met May 14, 1973. tion and the U.S. Environmental Protection Recommendations were brought to the attention Agency Region VII, in Kansas City, Missouri. In June 1973, at the SLA Annual Conference Washington, D.C. area, who are members of the in Pittsburgh, a meeting on "Government In- Committee on Information Hang-ups. The pro- formation-Problems of the Present and Op- posal called for compilation and publication of tions for the Future" was sponsored jointly by a directory for document procurement which GISC and six SLA divisions: Aerospace, Docu- would identify Defense Community reports al- mentation, Engineering, Military Librarians, phabetically by type, such as order number se- Nuclear Science, and Science and Technology. ries, short titles, etc., and indicate channels for The program featured the Executive Director of acquisition. The Board accepted the proposal the National Commission on Libraries and In- in principle but funds were not available to sup- formation Science as moderator and key U.S. port it. The proposal subsequently was funded Government administrators as speakers from by the Institute for Defense Analyses, a non- the National Technical Information Service, the profit corporation, and the directory is being Government Printing Office, the Atomic En- compiled for publication in the fall. Copies will ergy Commission, the Department of Defense be sent to the National Technical Information and the Environmental Protection Agency. Service for distribution. Speakers were obtained for other meetings, An article, "The User Group Technique in such as the Sci-Tech Group of the D.C. Chapter, Action," was written for publication and ap- the San Francisco Bay Region Chapter, and the peared in Special Libraries 64 (no.]): 3446 (Jan Federation of Information Users. 1973). GISC members appeared as speakers. Mrs. A manual for the Government Information Mary Lou Knobbe spoke on problems with the Services Committee was prepared for the record GPO at a meeting sponsored by the Informa- and copies deposited with SLA Headquarters in tion Industry Association in Washington, D.C. New York. Mrs. Ruth S. Smith served as a panelist on Future. The thrust of the future should be to "Means of Establishing User-Producer Dia- continue the communication between users, in- logue" at the Annual Conference of the Na- termediaries and suppliers. Specifically, the tional Federation of Abstracting and Indexing Committee recommends the following: 1) Spon- Services in Philadelphia. sor regional workshops on government docu- Contacts. Contacts were made with represent- ments wherever the local interest and enthu- atives of industry, such as LEASCO Informa- siasm are strong enough to support the program. tion Products, Inc., about a Securities and Ex- 2) Tackle specific problems such as micropub- change Commission contract calling for the con- lication as it affects services to the users. En- tinued dissemination of disclosure information, courage user feedback from individuals and with representatives of Government, such as the from user groups-to attack these problems in Data Access and Use Laboratories of the U.S. unison, make surveys of how they affect the Bureau of the Census, and with information work situation, and recommend improvements users, such as the Committee on Information in the services. 3) Revisit the problems of the Hang-ups. Specific problems were identified by past and the promises which appeared to be SLA members. These were relayed or discussed forthcoming in order to measure the effective- with administrators at various levels in agen- ness of previous user-producer communications. cies such as the Government Printing Office, MRS.RUTH S. SMITH the Defense Documentation Center and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Nuclear Science Division proposed that Headquarters Operations they act as a channeling agency to the Atomic Energy Commission, or specific sectors thereof, This year's committee had the good fortune as a referral center or specific point of contact of working with a New York Office operation for problems in this subject field. The GIS Com- which was carefully building on strength, after mittee encouraged this and agreed to work with two previous years of change and reorganization. them on it. Chief contributing factors to this situation were Communication. Six informal bi-monthly let- an Executive Director of unusual competence ters were issued (jointly with the Federation of moving firmly into a third year on the job and Information Users) and sent to the 78 identified a talented staff which showed the advantages Regional User Groups. Information copies also which accrue from stability and hard work. were sent to other user groups, such as the ALA The position of Manager, Membership De- Government Documents Round Table, the Con- partment, was filled on a permanent basis and necticut Documents Librarians, NELINET Task HOC thanked Hazel Conway who had patiently Force on Government Documents, the Textile substituted longer than had been expected. A Information Users Council and the Federal Sta- new position of assistant editor with responsi- tistics Users Conference. Response from the bilities for editorial production was approved groups is not frequent, but replies that do come and instituted. back express appreciation and indicate the let- The System/3 computer which handles mem- ters are useful. bership and subscription information had a suc- Publication. The CIS Committee endorsed a cessful year of optimum usefulness but by year- proposal which was submitted to the Board in end it required a larger memory (8K to 12K) October by a group of SLA members in the because of the growth in total Association membership and because of the formation of new speakers for the IRC luncheon program, June Chapters and Divisions. 11, 1973. HOC gave special attention to a new TIAA/ A memorandum was sent to all coordinators CREF retirement plan for staff, the continuing on April 13, regretfully informing them of the development of staff job descriptions, and discontinuation of the International Relations changes in the employee manual. A new part Committee, and thanking them for their con- of the committee's responsibilities-an annual tributions. review with the Association's auditors and the MRS.HERTA D. FISCHER Executive Director concerning the financial functions of the Association-was accomplished Membership in late spring. Membership in 1972 reached an all-time high EDWARDG. STRABLE of 7,465; and 1973 promises to be an even better year, with 7,815 paid memberships reported International Relations prior to the Pittsburgh Conference. The year started with great expectations of In December 1972, the President, Executive further success after a record turnout of over Director, Chairman of the Membership Com- one hundred persons at the Committee's lunch- mittee and the Manager of the Membership De- eon program held at the 1972 SLA Annual Con- partment met in New York to discuss the rela- ference. One hundred twelve heads were counted tionship between the Membership Department in the audience; 105 persons signed the register. and the Membership Committee. The meeting The capacity of 95 luncheon guests was exceeded resulted in the decision that membership pro- by six. motion is primarily the responsibility of the During the 1972 Conference, attendants from Membership Department with the Membership foreign countries were entertained and arrange- Committee serving in an advisory capacity. ments made for them to visit other libraries. One In the Spring, 1973, invitations to join SLA country-wide itinerary was prepared for a spe- and promotional literature were mailed by the cial librarian from Taiwan. Three library di- Membership Department to approximately rectors from Spain were accommodated on the 1,200 librarians. The Membership Department East Coast by Mrs. Vivian D. Hewitt. has also been mailing promotional literature to Coordinator, Mrs. Elva Levy, Librarian, In- nonmembers who come to its attention through ternational Labour Organization, Geneva, Swit- the library press or through press releases that zerland, covered the INTERNATIONAL SYM- are sent to the SLA Publications Department. POSIUM ON DOCUMENTATION OF THE The response ta the bulk mailing was not UNITED NATIONS AND OTHER INTER- sufficient to warrant other mailings of similar GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, GE- material. However, the number of new mem- NEVA, 21-23 AUGUST 1972, for the IRC and bers gained from the "press release" contacts sent a brief report as well as a copy of the Press justifies continuation of this promotional effort. Release UNITARI36. Other methods of developing prospective During the months of July-September con- member lists are being studied by the Member- sultation among the Committee members con- ship Department. centrated on design, format, and cost of a ALBERTABERTON printed newsletter proposed to be circulated RICHARDE. GRIFFIN regularly among some thirty committee coordinators in this .country and abroad who had ac- Nominating cepted IRC liaison services. The final slate of candidates for officers was In addition, guidelines for the coordinators submitted to the Board of Directors Nov 7, were drafted to be included in the first issue of 1972. This complete roster, with data about the newsletter. Financing of the newsletter de- each candidate, was published in Special Li- pended on the Board of Directors approval of braries, February 1973, p.91-95. The ten names the Committee's budget request at their Oc- submitted represent 1972173 candidates for the tober meeting. The Board of Directors requested offices of President-Elect, Chairman-Elect of the a redefinition of the International Relations Advisory Council, Treasurer, and two Directors Committee from the Committee on Committees (1973176). to be presented at the Winter Meeting which Grieg Aspnes served as chairman of a sub- resulted in the ConC's recommendation to ter- committee of the Nominating Committee to minate the IRC. prepare background data for use of the Advisory To meet the deadline for the 1973 Conference Council in its discussion of a recommendation program speaker arrangements were made in made by last year's Nominating Committee the fall of 1972. Because of these commitments Chairman and referred to the Council by the the termination of the IRC was postponed to Board of Directors. Mr. Aspnes represented the June 1973. Coordinator Mr. P. O'N. Hoey, Man- Nominating Committee at the Winter 1973 ager, Group Scientific Information Service, J. Council meeting in Tulsa to answer questions Lyons Co., Ltd., London, was instrumental in concerning the data he had compiled. That securing Mr. F. W. Hogg, Principal, College of recommendation (to utilize both candidates for Librarianship, Aberystwyth, Wales, as one of the President-Elect of the Association by specifying that the candidate with the lesser number of One purpose of the review of annual reports votes would serve as Chairman-Elect of the Ad- was to ascertain professional needs of members visory Council) was rejected by the Advisory as expressed through their projects or activities. Council. Some of the professional needs, interpreted as A card file of past officers of the Association those related to improvement of information re- was compiled by the Chairman this year to as- sources and services, are: 1) bibliographic aids, sist future Nominating Committees in their 2) bibliographic control and micro-storage of evaluation of possible candidates. For each of- reports, 3) subject headings list. ficer this listing gives title and dates of Associa- Professional needs are being identified by the tion offices, top Division and Chapter offices National Commission on Libraries and Informa- held, back to 1968/69; it does not as yet cover tion Science and by the Model Library Program Association Committee appointments. It also in- of Project Intrex at MIT. Members, through cludes Association offices for which an individual their Chapters and Divisions, can further iden- ran and lost, as well as a note when a member tify professional needs by closer cooperation was approached by the Committee but declined with NCLIS and by participation in its hear- the invitation, with reason for refusal if known. ings. Wider publicity can be given to Library The file does NOT include confidential data. Pathfinders and instructional aids developed by There is growing evidence to indicate we may the Model Library Program. The SLA Research have reached a point in the Association where Committee proposes to develop pragmatic meth- it would serve a useful purpose to re-examine ods which special librarians can use to study the whole election process, including procedures their own problems. There are possibilities here and selection of the Nominating Committee it- for both identification and fulfillment of needs. self. During the past few years many companies The greatest involvement by both Chapters have cut library budgets and/or reduced library and Divisions is in activities related to continu- staffs with the result that today some highly ing education for members, within Chapters qualified members can no logner afford time often in cooperation with other professional as- away from their library responsibilities which sociations. In lesser degree, there is attention to is required of a President-Elect and President. all goals, except research. A copy of the survey If there is a possibility this problem may occur may be obtained upon request. more often in the future, it is important that It is hoped that next year the Planning Com- plans be made now for meeting emergencies mittee can take a new approach. that may arise should future Nominating Com- SARAAULL mittees have increasing difficulty finding the

, very best qualified candidates for the top office. Publisher Relations Finally, although this is not put in the form of a recommendation, the Chairman would like The three areas in which our Committee was to go on record as deeply regretting the fact involved this year were contacts with publish- that our Association makes so little use of its ers, the 1973 Conference Program, and the Past Presidents. Other associations have some joint SLA-AAP questionnaire project. provision for the continuing active involvement There were fewer complaints against pub- of these most experienced, interested and dedi- lishers received this year than last year. The cated members; SLA almost completely ignores major complaint continues to be that of false them. This seems such a sad waste of talent1 advertising or misrepresentation. The second LORNAM. DANELLS largest complaint is in the area of cost. Al- though it is not possible to determine why there were fewer complaints, it is hoped that it was due to the progress made by the Publisher Re- Planning lations Committee with publishers in its efforts The Planning Committee reviewed the 19711 to induce them to improve their methods of 73 annual reports of Chapters and Divisions for advertising. activities related to SLA Goals for 1975 and The Committee is co-sponsoring with the presented a summary to the Board in January Publishing Division a session, to be held June 1973. These goals, accepted by the Board in 13, devoted to "Rush Order Service: How to June 1969, are: 1) Education, 2) Research, 3) Get Books Faster." There will be a panel of Professional needs of members, 4) Recruitment reactors to the speaker's presentation, represent- to the profession-manpower needs, 5) Coopera- ing a librarian, a publisher, and a wholesaler. tion with other professional associations. It is hoped that this meeting will in some way Goal 3, the only one of the five not assigned help improve one of the basic functions of a for implementation to an Association commit- library-to give fast service to users. tee, was assigned to Chapters and Divisions. This Several meetings were held with the two is the statement of the goal in full: 3) Profes- members of the AAP School & Library Promo- sional Needs of Members-the Association tion and Marketing Committee who were as- should investigate means for "knowing" the signed to work with us on the Questionnaire. membership of SLA and improve communica- During the course of our discussions, an or- tions with a wider segment of the membership ganizational change took place within the AAP to determine their professional needs. which brought about the reshuffling of their thinking regarding allocation of funds, and it Research was indicated to us that there are no funds available for this joint project. Thus, for the The major activity of the SLA Research Com- first time, it has become apparent that the AAP mittee in 1972173 has been the seven state-of- will no longer pursue this project. If we are the-art reviews authorized and funded by the interested in the completion of this project, Board of Directors in January 1972 and January SLA will have to go it alone. 1973. Of the three reviews approved in January It is the consensus of the Committee that this 1972 and conducted in cooperation with ASIS/ project be continued. Thus, the Publisher Rela- ERIC/CLIS, two reviews have been published tions Committee recommends that the survey as monographs in a series of SLA State-of-the- on acquisitions procedures of librarians and the Art Reviews. Their titles and authors are: 1) promotional practices of publishers be pursued "The Changing Role of the Special Librarian in Industry, Business, and Government" by Janice by Special Libraries Association. It is further recommended that a target date for the com- Ladendorf; 2) "Paraprofessional and Nonpro- pletion of the questionnaire be set so that the fessional Staff in Special Libraries" by Elin survey can get under way as soon as possible. Christianson. It is hoped that the results of the survey will The third review, approved in January give our profession statistical evidence to be 1972-3) "Continuing Education Needs of Special used in presenting the publishing community Librarians" by Lawrence A. Allen-should be with our needs and hopefully that it will give completed in June 1973 and published in late them valuable information which they can use 1973. in their marketing practices. Of the four reviews approved in January In addition to continuation of its activities in 1973, two are in process and scheduled for pub- the areas outlined above, the Committee intends lication in June 1974: 4) "The Economics of to look into the possibility of getting before Special Libraries and Special Library Operations the Federal Trade Commission proposed rules from the Management Point of View" by Dan- for the publishing industry similar to "Guides iel L. Gothie; 5) "The Marketing Approach Ap- for the Law Book Industry" which the Associa- plied to Special Libraries" by Maryde F. King. tion of American Law Libraries has produced. The Committee is seeking qualified authors for the remaining two reviews which have been DOROTHYKASMAN authorized. These are: 6) "The Involvement of Special Libraries with Local, State, and Na- tional Library Legislation"; 7) "The Develop- ment of Special Libraries on the International Recruitment Scene." The Recruitment Committee held two meet- As one effort to apply the findings of these ings during the year-one at the Conference in SLA State-of-the-Art Reviews of Research, the Boston and one in Chicago during July. Research Committee has drafted "Guidelines An issue of the Recruitment Newsletter was for Preparing Standardized Library Methods" published in August and sent to all Chapter and a "Case Study Application of These Guide- Recruitment Chairmen. Members of the Re- lines." The use of standardized methods in spe- cruitment Committee were assigned specific cial libraries would make it possible to compare Chapters and kept in personal contact with developments in different libraries and would them during the year. Suggestions from the facilitate the evaluation of individual libraries. Chapter Recruitment Chairmen will be in- The availability of such standard methods cluded in future issues of the Recruitment could save funds and time required to develop Newsletter. similar methods in many libraries. The Com- Work has begun on the updating of the mittee plans to discuss the standardized method "Data sheets on special library careers." It is approach in a workshop at the 1973 Annual planned to coordinate the efforts of the com- Conference and will suggest that SLA members mittee members on this project at a meeting submit methods they have developed to the Re- during the Pittsburgh Conference. search Committee in hopes that a series of Mrs. Frances Pigott of the Louisiana Chapter standardized methods can be published in Spe- has prepared a draft of the revised manual for cial libraries. the use of Chapter Recruitment Chairmen. As requested by the Board of Directors in The committee will review the revision at the October 1972, the Research Committee has sub- Conference. mitted a "Proposal for the Administration of Plans for future Recruitment Committee ac- an SLA Research Fund Program and Selection tivities are as follows: 1) Update the "Data of Grantees." This proposal may be described as sheets on special library careers." 2) Continue an explanatory policies and procedure manual the publication of a Recruitment Newsletter. for the selection and administration of a grants- 3) Publish a manual for the use of Chapter Re- in-aid program. cruitment Chairmen. The Research Committee has scheduled a These suggestions may be amended or revised luncheon/afternoon program entitled "Research after discussion at the Pittsburgh Conference. SLA Style: The Pragmatic Today-An Open- JOANM. TOEPPE Ended Tomorrow" as its contribution to the 1973 Annual Conference. The program will in- Student Relations Oficer clude a report on the Research Committee's activities and plans, summaries of the three initial During the 1972173 academic year four new state-of-the-art reviews, and a workshop on re- schools formed SLA Student Groups: California search methods. State College at Fullerton, Emory University, RICHARDD. SMITH Indiana University, and C. W. Post Center at Long Island University, bringing the total number of SLA Student Groups to fourteen. Resolutions Library schools received letters at the begin- See SL 64 (no.7): 312 (Jul 1973). ning of the school year explaining again the ra- tionale for SLA Student Groups and the procedure for initiating a group. Some schools are SLA Professional Award and Hall of Fame presently in the process of forming their own Miss Marjorie Hyslop was named as the re- groups. cipient of the Professional Award and will be More recently, SLA Faculty Advisors were recognized at the Annual Banquet in Pittsburgh asked to remind students of activities at the by Edward Strable, President of SLA. SLA Conference which might be of particular Sara Aull was named to the SLA Hall of Fame interest to them, i.e., the First Conference At- for 1973. The engraved SLA Hall of Fame Me- tendees Happening and a Student Rap Session. dallion and the scroll will be presented to Miss Also they were informed that housing would be Aull at the annual banquet in Pittsburgh by available for students at the University of Edward Strable. Pittsburgh. FLORINEOLTMAN Each group was asked to send a brief account of its activities to the SLA Office for publication in Special Libraries. Scholarship The problem of the cost of student member- Eighty-two applications were submitted for ships to the organization is a continuing one. the four $2,000 scholarships to be awarded this Hopefully, the Student Relations Officer can year. Three withdrew before the awards were work with the Membership Committee on a proposal for some solution to the problem by made. There were 20 men and 62 women who the time of the October Board meeting. applied from 24 states in the United States. LUCILLEWHALEN There were 3 applicants from Canada. The winners listed in alphabetical order were: Carolyn Niles Davis (Newport News, Vir- ginia); Elleni Kuliopulos Koch (Amherst, Massa- chusetts); Janet Suzanne Kontje (New Bruns- wick, New Jersey); and Dennis Ray Petticoffer Tellers (Pasadena, California). For report on Election of Officers see SL 64 Some important part of the documentation (nos.516): 251 (May/Jun 1973). was missing in 50 instances which prevented full consideration of these applicants; 19 were missing provisional acceptance by the recognized library science or information science The H. W.Wilson Award for the Best program they planned to attend. The Member- Article in Special Libraries ship Department discontinuance in 1971 of the prodding of applicants to supply all the neces- The Committee appointed to select the best sary papers might explain why there were paper published in Special Libraries during missing letters of recommendations and tran- 1972 nominates the article "The Special Library scripts of credits. However, the Committee con- Budget," by Dean Tudor, published in the No- tinues to be amazed at what seems to be this vember 1972 issue, p.517-527. It was the con- lack of interest or detachment on the part of sensus of the Committee that while articles pub- the applicants. lished were not of unusual merit, the above- The Committee again wishes to thank the cited article should be nominated during this, many Chapters and their presidents for taking the second year of the H. W. Wilson Award for the time and effort to interview the applicants. the Best Article in Special Libraries. It cannot be emphasized too strongly that these The Committee definitely recommends that form an important portion of the application editorial consideration should be given to manu- and could, perhaps, be the deciding factor in scripts based on research and unique experi- whether or not an award is made. ence in special librarianship rather than state- JEANNEKEOGH of-the-art and "We do it well this way" articles. The Committee functioned under the disad- vantage of a change in chairmanship and there- Standards fore cast three votes for the cited article. One member abstained. As of May 30, 1973, the Chairman deceased. comments and recommendations of the retiring SEPTEMBER1973 Committee Chairman were not available for articles of high calibre. We congratulate Dean consideration. Tudor for this article of merit, and express The Committee for the H. W. Wilson Award gratitude to the H. W. Wilson Company for wishes to recommend that there be continuous providing the award. encouragement of the publishing of professional PAULKRUSE

Reports of Special Committees 1!?72/73

Special Committee on Copyright sion Bill" which was published at Special Li- braries 64 (no.3): 158 (Mar 1973). This statement Following the Boston Conference in June suggests that a potential solution to library 1972, the SLA Board of Directors redesignated photocopying may reside in a per-page royalty this Committee as shown to reflect its broader on photocopies of copyrighted works under the Association responsibilities. From 1959 to 1972, control of library personnel (not coin-ops). This the Committee was called the Special Committee statement and its effects, if any, will be dis- on Copyright Law Revision. Nevertheless, dur- cussed at a Pittsburgh Conference meeting on ing the year, the Committee continued to moni- June 11. tor the statutory revision as it may affect Asso- In this connection, present Committee concern ciation interests. SLA copyright counsel was re- is the failure of the Revision (in the Senate at tained to assist in the preparation of statements least) to extend limitation on exclusive rights, and official communications with the Senate Sub- under Sec. 108 of the Act, to special libraries as committee on Patents, Trademarks, and Copy- defined by the Act. Hence, it is preferable at right which requested advice in September 1972 this time to accept the recommendation of the on additional proposals concerning the library SLA statement rather than attempt an extensive photocopying provisions of S.644, 92nd Con- and difficult re-wording of the Sec. 108 limita- gress. With the advice of counsel and the Com- tions on exclusive rights extended to libraries. mittee, the Executive Director responded to It should be noted that while the photocopying this request on Dec 11, 1972 stating that the provisions of the two most recent Senate bills pending Act as S.644 should be reconsidered in have been accepted generally by the publishers relation to Sec. 108 (the library photocopying and authors, these provisions are not satisfac- issue). At this writing, there has been no fur- tory to many librarians and library-oriented as- ther word from the Senate Subcommittee al- sociations. A variety of meetings attended though it is assumed that brief Senate hearings through the year by this Committee have fur- may be re-convened before the Act is reported. ther expressed these differences. A new copyright bill was introduced by Sena- Pending developments in the statutory revi- tor McClellan on Mar 26, 1973 designated sion and responses to the SLA Revision state- S.1361, 93rd Congress, in place of S.644, 92nd ment, the Committee has no recommendations Congress, expired. for Association action or for action by the Meanwhile, in preparation for whatever may Board of Directors at this time. lie ahead, the Committee completed a "Pro- J. S. ELLENBERCER posed SLA Statement on the Copyright Revi-

Reports of Joint Committees l972/73

Association of American Publishers-Special Joint Committee on the Union List of Serials Libraries Association Joint Committee The Joint Committee on the Union List of See Publisher Relations Committee. Serials has held no meeting since June 1972. IDRISSMITH

Joint Committee on Libray Seroice in Hospitals (CNLA) Interagency-. Council on Library Resources The Joint Committee was discontinued. for Nursing There are now 19 oreanizations" with reme- Joint Committee on Prison Libraries sentatives on the Council, including library, hospital, governmental, and registered and (CNLA) practical nursing organizations. Two meetings No activity. a year are held at which the representatives re- TEDSLATE port on their organizations' efforts in the field of nursing libraries and literature. Suggestions Projects initiated at the recommendation of are also made as to projects that we feel should the Council, which were reported on at one of be undertaken to make the literature of nurs- the other of the meetings, include the producing more readily available. The Council makes tion of an audio-visual program to teach the recommendations to the appropriate bodies with use of the several indexes to the nursing litera- the hope that something concrete will be done. ture, the establishment of a national nursing I attended the two regular meetings, in Oc- library, and the establishment of a permanent tober and March, as well as a meeting of the committee on library resources for nursing by Council's Program Committee for the 1973 Na- the International Council of Nurses. Nursing tional League for Nursing convention. The librarians in SLA may be interested to know Council sponsors a program on nursing litera- that the G. K. Hall Company will publish the ture or nursing libraries at the NLN or Amer- catalog of the American Journal of Nursing ican Nurses Association convention each year. Company's Sophie F. Palmer Library in book It also has a booth at the convention to bring form, in a two-volume set for approximately the latest word on library resources to the at- $125. tention of attendees. THOMASH. REES, JR.

Reports of SLA Representatives to Other Organizations

American Association for the Advancement better chance for action as the opportunity for of Science (AAAS) (Section T: Znfwmtion joint efforts by the two Associations appears. and Communication) WILLIAMD. MURPHY The reorganization of AAAS is progressing slowly. I attended the annual meeting of the AAAS Council in Washington, D.C. after Christ- American Association of Library Schools- mas 1973 as SLA's official representative. I was Continuing Library Education Network under the impression that the Washington Council meeting would be the last held under The AALS-Continuing Library Education the old "rules." However, a meeting of the Network carried out two important projects Council has been called in conjunction with during the 1972173 year. The first was to formu- the "Science and Man in the Americas" to be late a questionnaire concerning continuing edu- held in Mexico City, June 20 through July 4, cation that was mailed to all 57 ALA accredited 1973. Unfortunately, I am unable to justify a library schools. The results were not too ac- trip to Mexico City at this time. curate due to the unevenness of the replies and The revised Council, as I have indicated in that only 32 responded. It did, however, give previous reports, will reflect the change from some indication of what the schools were doing direct SLA representation on the Council to about continuing education. elected representatives from the various sections. The second activity was a mini-workshop Currently SLA has indicated affiliation with on continuing professional education held Jan- Section T, "Information and Communication." uary 28 in Washington, D.C. The program was Until their constituted Council has been in ex- organized by Elizabeth Stone of Catholic Uni- istence long enough to determine its future diversity. On the panel were Dr. Stuart W. Rose, rection, SLA's further participation in AAAS Director of Continuing Education of the Ameri- affairs should continue as is. can Institute of Architects, Dr. Robert P. Cava- ROBERTW. GIBSON,JR. lier, Director of Education of the American In- stitute of Banking, Dr. Roy A. Edelfelt, Division American Association of Law Libraries of Instruction and Professional Development of the National Education Association, Dr. Donald SLA and AALL have just completed the first E. Marlowe, past president of the American year in which they have exchanged representa- Society for Mechanical Engineers, and Dr. Con- tives. Elinor Alexander is AALL's special rep- nolly C. Gamble, Jr., Director of Continuing resentative to SLA. Education for the Union Theological Seminary, The basic reason for this exchange is to im- Richmond, Va. The workshop was very well re- prove communications between the two groups, ceived and produced some interesting concepts. and this is being accomplished, particularly on This same Committee had a meeting at the an informal level. The representatives are ac- ALA conference in Las Vegas. Their interest in tive in both the Associations and this provides Continuing Education will be continued during for an exchange of ideas and plans. With this the coming year. interchange established there is now a much H. ROBERTMALINOWSKY American Federation of Znf ormution grams included as an integral part of the Processing Societies (AFIPS) AFIPS Conference rather than as a pre- or post- conference. As SLA representative to AFIPS I attended This finally came about Dec 5, 1972, at the three meetings of the AFIPS Board of Directors. Fall Joint Computer Conference in Anaheim, I am also presently a member of the AFIPS California, when I chaired an eight-hour ses- Finance Committee. sion for SLA titled "Computers in Information Concerns for the need to restructure the Data Centers." It was one of the four user Joint Computer Conference have brought about oriented seminars. The other three were com- a number of changes of interest to SLA. Starting puters in Banking, Manufacturing and Medi- in June 1973, the concept of semi-annual Fall cine. and Spring Joint Computer Conferences has The session was very successful. It had an been changed to that of an annual computer estimated attendance of 450 people which in- conference. The 1973 Conference will be held cluded librarians, information specialists, com- in New York, the 1974 Conference in Chicago, puter people, and scientists; there were also and the 1975 Conference in Anaheim. As part of representatives from government, the news me- the broadening of the Joint Computer Confer- dia, and industry including vendors. ence, member societies are being invited to take The brochure developed by a public relations a larger role in program planning and pro- staff member at AFIPS to publicize the session gram participation. SLA sponsored a full day neglected to mention SLA's sponsorship. program at the last Fall Joint Computer Con- Excellent support was received from Donal ference in 1972 at Anaheim. SLA also is spon- Meier, Chairman of the Technical Program soring a full day program at the 1973 National Committee and AFIPS headquarters. Computer Conference in New York. Our repre- AFIPS financed the following items: design sentatives and program coordinators, Mrs. Joe and printing of brochures, mailing, travel as- Ann Clifton and Mrs. Betty Boyd Brociner, will sistance for speakers, chairman expense, audio- submit separate reports. visual equipment, taping of session, breakfast As part of a distribution of AFIPS surplus for speakers and reactor panel members, coffee funds, SLA received a payment of $3,228. This for one coffee break. check has been turned over to the Association, Our booth was set up and manned and we with the recommendation that these funds be gave away much literature and information on reserved for further participation in the Na- SLA. tional Computer Conference. It is the success of The papers from the session have been edited these conferences and SLA's contribution to that by Duane Helgeson and myself into a book success which will permit further surplus distri- which has been published by AFIPS Press and bution. The recommendation was referred by titled "Computers in Information Data Centers." the SLA Board of Directors to the Finance I think that it is important that we continue Committee, and a recommendation is still to interface with the other constituent societies awaited as of this writing. which form AFIPS. We have much to teach A number of studies are presently under way them and much to learn from them. We have within AFIPS to allow a broadening of par- everything to gain and nothing to lose from our ticipation by member societies such as SLA. If membership in AFIPS. I'd like to see us con- these changes are enacted, SLA will face both tinue to be at each AFIPS National Conference. the opportunity and the challenge to contribute Since this is my last year as the representative more meaningfully and in a more formal sense to the AFIPS-FJCC, I'd like to express my than through volunteer activity to the National thanks to the SLA Presidents who gave me th~s Computer Conference, with a resultant oppor- wonderful opportunity. I've gained much knowl- tunity to share both in the public awareness edge, met many interesting people, found it a and financial success of such endeavors. I will pleasure to work with fellow SLAer's. make further reports to the Board of Directors JOE ANNCLIFTON as these discussions generate specific proposals. HERBERTS. WHITE American Library Association. Library Technology Program Advisory Committee American Federation of Znformation I have served as the SLA Representative to Processing Societies (AFIPS) the ALA Library Technology Project Advisory Committee for one year, taking over from Don Fall Joint Computer Conference Ho who served six years. Computer designers and programmers need As you may be aware, the Executive Board of to understand our specific problems and we ALA decided a year ago that LTP would not be need to relate to their possibilities and limita- funded as it had been in the past, essentially tions. AFIPS offers the best forum for this type eliminating its research role, leaving only a of interdisciplinary exchange and interaction. small monographic publishing operation which This is the reason why so much effort has might well be merged with ALA Publishing been expended since 1969 to get the SLA pro- Services. All of this suggests that there is little, if anything, left for the Advisory Committee to an individual basis and if possible supplied do. Several actions of ALA, such as the termina- photocopies rather than sending the original. tion of Forrest Carhart and several other mem- Since surface shipping times are increasing (and bers of the LTP staff, would seem to indicate very few borrowing libraries will pay for air that ALA has no further interest in reviving shipment), books are off the shelf for many the research role of LTP. The Advisory Com- months if sent outside North America. There mittee has done little except to discuss its role will be further discussion of various problems for several years now. In fact, at the June 1972 of international interlibrary loan in June 1973. and January 1973 ALA meetings of this Com- ELIZABETHMCELROY mittee, and for the year from June 1972 to June 1973, this Committee has offered no advice to the Project. It seems likely that this Com- mittee might be dissolved. I personally believe American Natioml Standards Institute it should be, or at least that the SLA repre- (ANSI) Sectional Committee PH5 sentative should be withdrawn. However, on Photographic Reproduction of Documents the chance that some possibility will arise to allow it to function again, I will not make a At the December meeting the Chairman an- recommendation to the Board of Directors for nounced that the new sponsor of ANSI Com- action at this time. mittee PH5 would be the National Microfilm JOSEPHM. DAGNESE Association (NMA). The American Library As- sociation had been the previous sponsor for American Library Association. Reference the last 17 years. Under the new sponsor, full time secretarial assistance and publication fa- and Adult Services Division, Interlibrary cilities will now be available to expedite the Loan Committee publication of standards. The first meetings I attended as SLA Repre- ANSI does not write standards but makes use sentative were those at the Midwinter Confer- of the expertise in the technical and trade as- ence in January 1973. The fact that I had at- sociations and in companies and industries so tended the Committee meetings in June 1972 as that standards developed by these groups may an interested librarian meant that I was gen- become National standards. erally familiar with the committee's concerns. A number of standards in progress were John W. Kimball (Library of Congress) returned over to the NMA Committee for review ported on the new instructions and forms for and action during this transition period. Two users of the National Union Catalog referral new NMA standards were sent to the Committee service and said they would be ready in the for letter ballot approval to become ANSI spring. (Note: they were mailed to users May standards. They were NMA MSS-1972 Facsimile 4, 1973.) Transmission of Microfilmed Documents (Pro- Charles Stevens (National Commission on Li- posed ANSI PH5.17) and NMA MS4-1972 Flow- braries) discussed interlibrary loan studies of chart Symbols and Their Usage in Micrographics the Commission, including the possibility of a (Proposed ANSI PH5 standard). national or regional lending library for periodi- The Microfilm Cartridge Task Group, a joint cals and newspapers. Stanley McElderberry dis- ANSI-DOD group, has hired a consultant to cussed ARL commissioned studies on costs and study the "cost benefit" of the cartridge ap- financing of interlibrary loans including an proach. A report has not been made by the equitable system of borrower fees. During later Rotary Camera Task Group. discussions of fees, much feeling was expressed Each of the U.S. delegates reported on the by members of the Committee against charging October IS0 meeting of TC46/SC1 and their for interlibrary loans. The Committee agreed Working Groups. that fees should not be imposed unilaterally by WG1 Microfiche-D. Avedon reported that any institution, especially not before the ARL the three documents on the 1) 98 frame format, studies are completed. (See R.Q. Spring, 1973, 2) 60 frame format and 3) variable frame for- p.215 for action taken by the RSAD Board on mat have been submitted for publication as In- this matter.) ternational Standards although they meet mini- Mary Lou Lacy, RSTD Representative, dis- mum requirements. cussed the progress on the revision of the photo- WG3 Specs for Microfilming NewspapereC. duplication request form. Many librarians (in- LaHood reported that Resolution No.11 was cluding the writer) expressed the opinion that submitted. It provides for 35mm, A6 size, 16mm photoduplication form is really not necessary and for targets. because the interlibrary loan form can be used WG4 Quality of Microforms--H. Fromm re- for either loan or photocopy order, but it is ported that the document to issue the NBS difficult to convert the photoduplication form to Resolution Test Target had been submitted interlibrary loan. also to the Central Secretariat of the ISO. The There was discussion of international inter- U.S. group, which includes L. Kruger of WG2 library loan and its code. Most librarians said Engineering Drawings, was asked to prepare a that they treated requests to their libraries on document on COM fiche. The first meeting of the NMA sponsored finding a segment of ASIS with which to co- Committee PH5 will be held June 14. Informa- operate, especially difficult in view of the fact tion on the NMA standards activities is reported that Divisions and Sections have only one short by D. Avedon in the Journal of Micrographics. period-the SLA Annual Conference-in which A report on "Microfilm Permanence and Ar- to meet. On the other hand, 10 Chapters re- chival Quality" will be found in Journal of ported having a total of 23 meetings with ASIS Micrographics 6 (no.2): 93-94, Nov 1972 (14 refs). this Association year. Of the other 21 Chapters LORETTAJ. KIERSKY reporting in the survey, 17 of them pointed out that the main reason they had had no joint meetings was that there was no local ASIS American National Standards Institute Chapter with which to meet. One Chapter (ANSZ) Sectional Committee on Library (Minnesota) had 8 joint meetings with ASIS, Work and Documentation, 2-39 with the Cleveland Chapter next highest with 6. As for joint projects, the survey disclosed that Special Libraries Association approved ANSI 6 Chapters had one or more this year, with proposed standards on Proof Corrections, on Minnesota again in the lead with a total of Arrangement of Periodicals, and on Technical three. Joint meetings seemed to center on auto- Report Numbering. The Association abstained mation and on data processing equipmenf, on Reaffirmation of the standard on Trade while projects included joint mailing lists, joint Catalogs because microforms of trade catalogs Chapter bulletins and joint local directories. are not mentioned. The Association disapproved Suggestions for future activities ranged from the proposed standard on Library Materials some continued favoring of a merger to joint Price Indexes because no action has been taken regional and/or annual conferences. In general, on the double-pricing schedule of certain pe- however, there was no strong sentiment for any riodical publishers. single plan for cooperation. It was generally felt that cooperation at the Chapter level was desirable, when feasible. American National Standards Institute ELLISMOUNT (ANSI) Sectional Committee on Library Equipment and Supplies, 2-85 The Committee did not meet and there was Canadian Library Association no other activity to report this year. I under- The activities of the Canadian Library Asso- stand from the Chairman that the Committee ciation, during 1972173, have been focused on is still alive and working. the preparation of a new Constitution following DONT. HO on the acceptance at the Annual General Meet- ing of June 1972 of the Report of the Ad Hoc American Society for Znformution Science Committee on Structure. The Draft Constitu- (ASIS) tion and Bylaws of the Association were approved by the Council on March 10, 1973 and During the year frequent discussions have are to be voted upon at the Annual General taken place with my counterpart from ASIS, Meeting on June 20, 1973. Mrs. Margaret Fischer, in order to consider a Briefly, the Association has been restructured variety of possible projects and activities of a into five Divisions, representing the following cooperative nature for ASIS and SLA. type-of-library interest fields: academic lihrar- One result is that this year will see the re- ies, public libraries, school libraries, special li- turn of the practice of SLA and ASIS each braries, and library trustees. The Bylaws pro- sponsoring a session at the other's Annual Con- vide for two Standing Committees, one for In- ference, a practice which had lapsed since the formation Services, and one for Technical Serv- mid 1960s. It is hoped that the exchange of sin- ices, which are to coordinate the activities and gle sessions at these conferences will continue programs of the Association and its Divisions until succeeded by a more ambitious plan, such in these areas. Each of these Standing Com- as joint meetings of the two societies. In view mittees will include at least one representative of the fixed conference schedules of the two from each of the Divisions. groups, such a plan would have to be deferred An important new committee was established several years, but consideration should be given by CLA in 1972173-the Library Research and to the idea now. Development Committee, whose aim is to stim- I made a survey of the heads of SLA Chap- ulate and promote research among Canadian ters, Divisions and Sections in the late spring of library practitioners. 1973 to learn the extent and nature of their Formal liaison was established between CLA cooperation with ASIS. Around 75% response and SLA with the appointment of Elaine Har- was given the questionnaire, and it showed a rington, a past president of the Canadian As- close resemblance to the situation when a pre- sociation of Special Libraries and Information vious survey was made (in the fall of 1971). The Services, as CLA's special representative to SLA Divisions and Sections reported no cooperation for 1972173. with ASIS, mostly because of the problems of JANETTEWHITE Council of National Library Associations rotating regional members will serve 2-year (CNLA) terms. The ten regional members, one from each of the ten federal regions, shall be voting The Council consists of the following Asso- members. In addition to the permanent repre- ciations: American Association of Law Librar- sentative from DoD, one nonvoting member ians, American Library Association, American shall be selected from each of the three services Society of Indexers, American Theological Li- (US Army, U.S. Navy, US. Air Force). These brary Association, Art Libraries Society/North service members, who will serve for two years, America, Association of Jewish Libraries, Cath- will be selected from a slate of names provided olic Library Association, Church and Synagogue by the permanent Department of Defense mem- Library Association, Council of Planning Li- ber to the Federal Library Committee. The brarians, Library Public Relations Council, membership in each service shall be rotated Medical Library Association, Music Library As- equitably among the special service, technical, sociation, Special Libraries Association, Theater and academic and school libraries in that serv- Library Association. ice. DoD shall continue to have one voting ARLIS/NA is a new member this year. member in the Committee. The DoD representa- On its own recommendation, the Joint Com- tive may poll the three service members for mittee on Library Service in Hospitals was dis- their opinions before reaching a decision con- solved because changes since 1955, when it was cerning his vote. A representative of the Office established, had made it unnecessary to continue. of Management and Budget, designated by the Because of the great interest by many CNLA Budget Director, and others appointed by the member organizations, plans were made to spon- Chairman, will meet with the Committee as sor a meeting of representatives from constituent observers. societies to consider the areas of possible agree- Membership changes will result in the fol- ment within the library community regarding lowing totals: permanent members 21; rotating the pending revision of the Copyright Law. members 6; regional members 10; military mem- In further attempts to find its original pur- bers 3. This will increase the Federal Library pose as a forum, there were discussions about Committee from 23 to 40 members. the feasibility of concurrent conferences. There It is anticipated that prior to Jul 1, 1973 an were also discussions about "headquarters" agreement will be reached with the Ohio Col- services desired by various associations that lege Library Center to experiment with on-line might be provided by other associations. access to a large cataloging data base consisting Continued membership in CNLA is recom- of Library of Congress MARC records and mended as a valuable part of SLA's activities. MARC-like records. The 18-month test will pro- EFRENW. GONZALEZ vide: on-line cataloging; catalog card sets in FRANKE. MCKENNA individualized formats; and "hands-on experience" in sharing cataloging in an on-line environment-utilizing low-speed terminals. The short term test will be available to selected fed- Federal Library Committee eral libraries in cities throughout the United States-by means of a local phone call-by A comprehensive review of the membership, coupling the Ohio College Library (OCLC) functions and structure of the Federal Library system into the "Tymshare" network. The util- Committee has resulted in a reorganization. Ef- ity of easily accessible MARC records in the fective Jul 1, 1973 the permanent members of federal library environment will be tested. the Federal Library Committee will be the Li- An important part of the experiment will be brarian of Congress, the Director of the Na- the evaluation of the year of experimentation tional Agricultural Library, the Director of the to test the effectiveness of on-line shared cata- National Library of Medicine, representatives loging. The participants will develop an eval- from each of the other Executive departments, uation protocol. OCLC will collect and provide and delegates from the Atomic Energy Com- usage statistics for the individual libraries-a mission, the National Aeronautics and Space natural by-product of the system developed for Administration, the National Science Founda- billing purposes. Individual user libraries will tion, the Smithsonian Institution, the Supreme be required to determine their present catalog- Court of the United States, the United States In- ing costs and will be required to keep statistics formation Agency, the Veterans Administration, regarding their "hit rate." At the termination and the Office of Presidential Libraries. Six of the experiment the Federal Library Coopera- members will be selected on a rotation basis by tive Center Work Group will compile statistics the permanent members of the Committee from and publish an evaluative report. independent agencies, boards, committees, and The Committee has also concerned itself with commissions. These rotating members will serve many other matters relating to librarianship 2-year terms. Ten regional members shall be such as interlibrary loans, a recommendation selected on a rotating basis by the permanent for a study on a regional Central Depository in members of the Committee to represent federal the Washington, D.C. area, and reports on re- libraries following the geographic pattern de- source and manpower statistics. veloped by the Federal Regional Councils. These HERBERTHOLZBAUER Internutional Federation for was re-elected), presided at the Plenary Sessions Documentatwn (FZD) at which a variety of speakers presented papers focusing on the conference theme. During the In early 1971, international organizations af- week, approximately 130 papers were presented filiated with Unesco had been asked by Unesco to the various Committees where a great deal to examine their affiliates in countries such as of the important work of IFLA is done. South Africa, Rhodesia, and the African Portu- There is a growing interest on the part of guese colonies for practices of racial discrimina- IFLA in the less developed countries from Asia tion such as apartheid. SLA is a member of two and Ahica, and the President reported that sev- such organizations, FID and IFLA. IFLA's prob- eral new member associations from these areas lem with Unesco was resolved by the voluntary have recently joined the Federation. A number resignation of the South African member (the of representatives, particularly those from the South African Library Association which is an US., share the belief that the next library fron- individual membership association, not a gov- tiers are at the international level. And so the ernmental agency). FID's national member for importance of SLA participation in worldwide South Africa, the Council for Scientific and In- gatherings must be emphasized as a way for industrial Research (CSIR, which is a govern- ternational exchange of ideas and communica- mental agency) was apparently not questioned, tion. and Unesco accepted FID's statement that FID It is my very strong feeling that if SLA is to itself did not practice racial discrimination. exert any influence or have any impact in IFLA, Because of SLA's long-standing policy against its members who can attend conferences and discrimination of all kinds (race, sex, creed, or who have interest in the subject areas of IFLA any other), the SLA Board of Directors author- committees must fill places and be willing to ized the suspension of SLA's affiliation with FID work on the following committees: Committee until such time that the South African national on Cataloging; Committee on International member of FID did not represent a government Lending and Union Catalogs; Committee on committed to apartheid. Correspondence is still the Exchange of Publications; Committee on in progress and no resolution of this matter has, Official Publications; Committee on Serial Pub- as yet, occurred. lications; Committee on Statistics and Stand- At the September 1972 meeting of FID in ardization; Committee on Rare and Precious Budapest, it was decided that FID meetings, in Books and Documents; Committee on Library the future, would be on a biennial basis rather Buildings; Committee on Mechanization; Com- than the past annual meetings. Therefore, no mittee on Bibliography; Committee on Library FID meeting is scheduled in 1973. The 1974 FID Theory and Research. meeting is to be in West Germany, but the city To work on projects of value to all would was not determined during the meeting in surely broaden the perspective for the Special Budapest because of the objections of the East Libraries Association. German representatives that Berlin must npt be The 1973 IFLA General Council will be held considered as a city in West Germany. in Grenoble, Aug 25-Sep 1. The United States FRANKE. MCKENNA will host IFLA in Washington, D.C. in Decem- ber 1974; the proposed theme will be National and International Planning for Libraries. Plan ahead, so that SLA will be represented in large numbers1 MRS.VIVIAN D. HEWIIT

International Federation of Library Associations (ZFLA) During the past year, it was my privilege to serve as SLA's Alternate Representative to IFLA, along with Don Wasson, the Representa- Library Binding Institute tive, and to attend its 38th Conference in Buda- pest, Aug 26-Sep 2, 1972. Constructive and progressive activity has been More than 900 delegates and observers from characteristic at the Library Binding Institute 38 countries were present, making it the largest (LBI) this year and the SLA Representative, Conference in IFLA's history. through the generous offices of Mr. Dudley A. Meetings were held in the Hungarian Acad- Weiss, Executive Director and General Council emy of Sciences. The theme "Reading in a to LBI, has been an active participant. The Changing World," with emphasis on the sig- SLA Representative has been appointed to the nificance of the book throughout the world, co- Library Binding Institute Advisory Panel and, incided with International Book Year 1972 as as such, has received periodic results either in proclaimed by UNESCO. person or by report on all Institute programs. Dr. Herman Liebaers, Director of the Royal This year, highlights of these programs have Library of Belgium and President of IFLA (he fallen into three areas-technology, periodical SPECIALLIBRARIES margins, and the maintenance of library ma- Library of Congress Liaison Committee terials. of Librarians In the area of technology, LBI has named William H. Foley as Director of Technology This Liaison Committee was not called to a who along with the Institute's Technology Com- meeting during the 1972173 Association year. mittee has conducted a number of studies aimed EDWARDC. STRABLE at industry improvement and testing. These pro- GILLESFRAPPIER grams have ranged from Buckrum testing to tests of library binding methods. These tests were completed by the United States Testing Company for LBI to aid its membership in the evaluation and improvement of its equipment and products. Music Library Association As a result of an article1 and subsequent cor- As SLA's representative, I attended the Music respondence from Mr. Marcus Bornfleth, Chair- Library Association's Annual Summer Meeting man of SLA's Food Librarians Provisional Divi- held in Chicago Jun 28-Jul 1, 1972, at the same sion, LBI contacted the editors of each of the time as ALA's annual conference, and MLA's journals surveyed and advised them of the ex- Annual Mid-Winter Meeting at Indiana Uni- isting standards for periodical margins. Mr. versity Feb 1-4, 1973. During the Chicago meet- Weiss has continued to contact the editors of other periodicals and inform them of proper ing, Richard A. Hazen, MLA's representative to margins for periodicals as it relates to library SLA, and I met together with William McClel- binding. Other members of SLA who have en- Ian, MLA's President, to explore what we could countered similar problems or who have com- do as special representatives. The MLA meeting pleted surveys similar to the one completed by in Bloomington was especially fine and was a Mr. Bornfleth are urged to share these with the joint meeting with the Association for Recorded Sound Collections. SLA Representative in an effort to initiate cor- rective action. Alternatively, special librarians During the Bloomington meeting a session should feel free to write directly to the editors was sponsored by the MLA Committee on Pro- of periodicals whose inside margins are found fessional Education which was particularly re- to be too narrow for proper binding. Where di- warding. It was indicated that the Committee rect action is initiated, the LBl Representative was interested in publishing a statement on the would appreciate copies of the letters sent. qualifications of a music librarian. I notified Using data collected in the "1972 Survey of the Editor of "Special Libraries" of the discus- Maintenance of Library Materials," LBI through sion and she wrote to the Chairman of the its Government and Library Funding Commit- Committee indicating SLA's interest in an ar- tees has sought to increase government funds ticle on the subject. for library binding for all types of libraries. MLA has always had among its members Li- While in the past several federal programs have brary of Congress music librarians and music allowed libraries to use these funds for the re- catalogers and one of the rewards of MLA meet- binding of books and for periodical binding, ings is the opportunity afforded music librar- most, if not all, federal funding for libraries ians from around the country to talk face to appears to be headed for an abrupt halt. LBI, face with representatives of LC's music catalog- nevertheless, has maintained the survey and ing section in a discussion of mutual problems. passed the results along to its membership for For example, at Bloomington, in a session spon- possible follow up in concert with librarie~.~ sored by the MLA Cataloging Committee, the A source of continuing information on li- Head of LC's Music Cataloging Section asked brary binding as.well as article content of gen- the group present for advice on several ques- eral interest to all librarians, is Library Scene. tions concerning LC cataloging and classifica- This quarterly is available at no cost to librar- tion practice, such as the choice of specific sub- ians by request to Library Scene, The Library ject headings. Binding Institute, 50 Congress Street, Boston, In view of SLA's discussions from time to time Mass. 02109. It is my strong recommendation regarding investigating joint meetings with that our association with LBI be continued. other organizations, it should be noted that the JAMESM. MATARAZZO Editor of the MLA Newsletter wrote in the November issue in a discussion of MLA conferences: "Another alternative would be to hold one semi-annual conference with organizations such as Special Library (sic) Association or the American Association of Library Schools, 'Bornfleth, Marcus / Library Binding. Food and one conference independent of other or- for Thought 4 (no.3): 7-8 (Nov 1972). ganizations." =For additional information, see: Weiss, Dud- It was announced at the Bloomington meeting ley A. / The Need for Increased Funds for Li- that a Committee on Objectives and Goals was brary Binding. Library Scene 2 (no.1): 8-10 being appointed to review MLA's operations (Winter 1973). and objectives. One point the committee is to consider is MLA's relations with other associa- ter Guidance Committee that proposed estab- tions. At the Annual Business Meeting there lishing the Center. was discussion of joint meetings with other The theme of the NMA 1973 annual confer- associations. ence was "Compact Efficiency." Twenty semi- So, if SLA is really interested in joint meet- nars and related workshops, with information ings, consideration might well be given to con- presented at the fundamental, intermediate and tacting MLA. advanced level, were combined with an exten- FORRESTALTER sive display of equipment, Apr 9-12 in Detroit. A number of small portable fiche readers were demonstrated. One model was shown under the name of more than one company. NB Jackets National Microfilm Association introduced its Record FINDER System which is marketed by Bell & Howell and Eastman Kodak. The past year was an eventful one for the It is a very simple, inexpensive, coded system National Microfilm Association (NMA) for it ac- for quick selection of information on micro- complished several items that had been in the film in jackets or fiche and stored in containers planning stage for some time and also items called cartridges. During the Conference useful to the user of micrographics. UAIDE, a group of Users of Automatic Display The NMA assumed the sponsorship/secre- Equipment merged with the NMA. The merger tariat of the American National Standards In- means greater interest in the COM concepts. stitute (ANSI) Committee PH5 on Photographic Subscriptions to the Journal of Micrographics, Reproduction of Documents. It had formerly the official journal of the NMA, are available been held by the American Library Association. to non-members. During the past year there The NMA Standards Board will now develop have been a number of policy changes made in and write industry standards which will then be order to make the journal more informative. proposed for national standards to ANSI Com- Publications and information are available from mittee PH5. The Committee is composed of the the National Microfilm Association, Suite 1101, representatives of organizations concerned with 8728 Colesville Road, Silver Spring, Maryland the subject. 20910. The NMA Standards Board offers assistance Your representative is always glad to receive to an organization concerned with developing your comments or suggestions. standards for an in-house system that will re- LORETTAJ. KIERSKY quire microforms. Information about this service can be obtained from D. M. Avedon, NMA Technical Director and Chairman of the NMA Standards Board. National Translations Center There are 25 NMA Chapters located around the country in metropolitan areas. Their pro- On January 5, 1973 the National Science grams have included meetings covering basic Foundation informed the National Translations and advanced discussions of micrographics. Center (NTC) that there would be no continu- Some Chapters have held one joint meeting ing support grant for 1972173 (as in the past) with an SLA Chapter and future one-day work- and the Center was advised to apply for phase- shops and seminars are planned. The meetings down funds for the period from October 1, are open to anyone who has an interest in 1972 to that date on which activities were re- learning about micrographics. The NMA sent a duced to the self-support level--estimated to be delegation on a Good-will People-to-People May 31. On March 3 NTC learned that no Visit to European countries. There the groups funds for any purpose would be provided. The visited many centers including libraries that John Crerar Library was thus put in the posi- supply microforms. During the past year one tion of absorbing transition period costs, pos- well-attended seminar was held for librarians sibly in the order of $50,000. and more are anticipated during the coming NTC has taken immediate steps to reduce ex- year. pense below its estimated income from subscrip- The primer "Introduction to Micrographics" tions and service fees. The staff is being re- was published in order to provide basic infor- duced from seven to four persons. The Center mation to users of microfilm. A copy may be will continue to process incoming deposited ordered for $1.00 prepaid from the NMA. Fu- translations, as well as (to the extent possible) ture publications marked as priority items, and data on translations available elsewhere. Trans- soon to follow, will be an introduction to lations Register-Index will continue to be pub- computer-output-microfilm (COM) and several lished. Orders for translations will be filled, and consumer aids, the first to be one on selecting referrals will be made as feasible. a reader. Your representative is Chairman of The Center has attained national and inter- the Publications Committee. national recognition as the principal, visible The NMA Documents Center was established U.S. clearinghouse and source of unpublished in order to supply copies of NMA publications translations. It handles over 8,000 inquiries per and information to requestors. Your representa- year. It is a unique resource. tive was the Chairman of the Documents Cen- EVALINENEFF Theatre Library Association to Lael Wertenbaker for The Magic of Light: The Craft and Career of Jean Rosenthal, Pio- Since this is the first report on the Theatre neer in Lighting for the Modern Stage, which Library Association to be made to the SLA she co-authored with the late Ms. Rosenthal. In membership in several years, a few words of addition, an Honorable Mention Certificate was background information seem appropriate. presented to Marvin Rosenberg for The Masks The Theatre Library Association was founded of King Lear. in 1937, to "bring together librarians and indi- June 27 1973-Annual meeting held at Las viduals and institutions interested in the col- Vegas in conjunction with the ALA Conference. lection and preservation of material relating to Among the highlights of the session was a tour the theatre, and to stimulate general interest of the new Judy Bayley Theatre at the Univer- in the making and use of theatre collections." sity of Nevada at Las Vegas, a visit to an acting Membership is open to all individuals and workshop and seminar at the University, and groups who are interested in the performing the opportunity to watch a rehearsal of HAM- arts, and the Association continues its efforts to LET. make known and available theatre resources in The Theatre Library Association is repre- libraries, museums and private collections, to sented on the Council of National Library As- publicize research works-in-progress, and to es- sociations, and its Executive Board follows tablish standards of librarianship in the per- closely the copyright problem and other issues forming arts area. TLA holds an annual meeting in the library world. in conjunction with the ALA, with which it is DOROTHYL. SWERDLOVE affiliated, and several local meetings. Members also receive subscriptions to serials published U.N.Conference on Human Environment or sponsored by the TLA. At present there are (June 1972) about 500 members, divided fairly evenly between institutions and individuals. The latter The special report on the Stockholm Confer- category includes librarians, curators, private ence which I prepared in collaboration with collectors, professional theatre people, historians, Signe Ottersen, your alternate representative, for professors and teachers, students and laymen. Special Libraries September 1973, unfortunately (Membership inquiries should be addressed to was not listed in the table of contents as it was the Secretary-Treasurer, Richard M. Buck, Per- carried in the section on Association activities. forming Arts Resources Center, The New York A number of people who would have been in- Public Library at Lincoln Center, 111 Amster- terested informed me that they did not see the dam Avenue, New York 10M3) article for that reason. I mention this because TLA devoted most of 1972173 to the search of the extreme importance and the scarcity of for a successor publication to Theatre Docu- writings on the subject. mentation which last appeared in 1971/72. A During the fall I spoke to several local groups new annual publication, Performing Arts Re- and in November participated in the 18th Al- sources, designed "to provide documentation for lerton Park Institute conducted by the Library theatre, film, television, and popular entertain- School of the University of Illinois. The sessions ments," will put out its first issue in Fall 1973. were entirely devoted to the subject of environ- The editor is Professor Edward Perry, Depart- mental information and were inspiring and in- ment of Cinema Studies, New York University. formative. The proceedings will be published. TLA has also revived its occasional newsletter, Recently I have been working with the Com- ."Broadside," under the editorship of Louis A. munity Development Foundation, the Sierra Rachow, Librarian of the Walter Hampden Club and the Washington Council of Repre- Memorial Library at The Players. Vol. 1, no.1 of sentatives, of organizations affiliated with the the New Series is dated Summer 1973. United Nations Association. In all of the meet- Three general meetings were held during ings and discussions, the need for the coordina- 1972173: tion and dissemination of environmental infor- November 24, 1972-Reception for members of mation emerges as a primary problem. the American Society for Theatre Research, Recommendation 101 from the Conference ap- held at the Library-Museum of the Performing proved by the General Assembly calls for the Arts at Lincoln Center in conjunction with the establishment, upon the advice of a group of opening of an exhibition saluting the newly experts, of an International Referral Service established Theatrical Hall of Fame. for environmental information. In March of April 27, 1973-Presentation of the fifth annual this year I was asked to assist in making rec- George Freedley Memorial Award, which honors ommendations as to what organizations should the late founder and first president of the participate, what information should be ex- Theatre Library Association. The award is tracted from them and what services should be presented each year "on the basis of scholarship, provided to users. Copies of the questionnaires readability, value in the work of theatre li- the group is developing are available to anyone brarians, and general contribution to the broad- who is interested. ening of knowledge." This year, it was presented I was opposed to the concept of a referral jointly to producer-director-actor John House- service because I believed it would not be ade- man for his autobiography, Run Through, and quate to meet the obvious critical need for environmental information on a global scale. I United Nations Non-Governmental still hold this opinion but am reconciled to the Organization Obseruer necessity, as the United Nations organization sees it, of starting out in this relatively small Notices of Briefings of the NGO Representa- way. The chief remaining objection, from my tive have been received as in past years. Since point of view, is that as now planned, the re- March 1973, transcripts of the remarks of hear- ferral service will be limited to serving govern- ings have been distributed to Representatives ments. The deficiency can only be remedied if and Observers, and those of interest will be each nation sets up its own mechanism for forwarded to the SLA New York offices. transmitting environmental information to or- This past year was an interesting one indeed. ganizations and individuals requiring it. This is The Briefings covered a wide range of the ac- the hope of the Executive Director of the tivities of the UN. Of particular interest to the United Nations Environment Program, the Hon. organization were, among others, the ones on Maurice F. Strong, who is so recommending to the Establishment of the United Nations Uni- governments. No initiative toward the estab- versity; the United Nations Environment Pro- lishment of such a service has been undertaken gram (UNEP); the Work of the 29th Session in the United States to date. of the U.N. Commission on Human Rights- It bears repeating that any efforts toward en- which among other resolutions also adopted a vironmental improvement can only succeed with draft convention for the suppression and pun- the spread of information, and that librarians ishment of the crime of apartheid; the Law of have a vital interest in such improvement. It is the Sea and the Peaceful Uses of the Sea-Bed essential for the public to understand the issues and the Ocean Floor Beyond the Limits of Na- and demand action, but the most crucial need tional Jurisdiction; Drug Abuse Control. There is getting timely information to policy-makers, will also still be a briefing on June 13 on World even ahead of the emergence of critical issues, Development Information Day which will be where that is possible. This is a role of special observed on United Nations Day, 24 Oct 1973. libraries. I, therefore, make the following rec- A number of briefings as well as the Annual ommendations: NGO Conference were devoted to the World 1) That the Special Libraries Association cre- Population Conference which will be the first ate an Environmental Information Committee. Intergovernmental Conference on Population Its objectives would be a) to coordinate infor- and will be the highlight of the World Popu- mation on the environmental activities of indi- lation Year 1974. viduals in our Association and of other organi- Since numerous pleas have been made repeat- zations; b) to transmit this information to the edly during the year and also at the Annual membership; c) to follow government activities Conference of Non-Governmental Organizations in this field and make recommendations to gov- for the Dissemination of Information of the ernments (national, state and local) to establish Work of the United Nations, I would like once clearinghouses, referral services, and finally com- again to urge the continuing appointment of a plete environmental information services. It Non-Governmental Organization Observer. should be composed of representatives of the DR. ALICEE. PLOWITZ Divisions mainly concerned, probably Biologi- cal Sciences, Documentation, Natural Resources, Science-Technology, and Social Science. Its Chairman should be a well-known, dynamic li- World Simulation Organimtion brarian with considerable experience in systems organization and administration and have the (WSO) capacity and ability to travel. An active and The 8th General WSO Meeting was held in prestigious organization should have the effect Anaheim Dec 7, 1972. The purpose and format of stimulating activity in this field. of this meeting was different from the previous 2) That, at the annual meeting next year, a workshops. They attempted to show the "state- speaker from the United Nations Environment of-the-art" relative to the problems of the world Program be invited to address one of the general and what solutions could be effected in terms of sessions. With the meeting of the Governing simulation tasks by us as individuals and us. as Council in June, the Program will be well on WSO members. its way and will have nearly a year's operation Anyone interested in depth in this subject to report. I believe such a report would be of should subscribe to Simulation in the Service of considerable interest to SLA members. Society, Box 994, La Jolla, California 92037. Although prior commitments prevent me The editor is John McLeod. both from attending this year's SLA annual Mr. McLeod felt that a librarian would know conference and the Non-Governmental Orga- what constitutes a good journal from a poor one; nization meeting in Geneva in June, if the therefore he asked for a critique of the above Board of Directors wishes, I would be pleased journal for the WSO. Mr. H. W. Jones and Mrs. to continue to take part in SLA's work in en- Myra Grenier of the Southern California Chap- vironmental information. ter assisted me in this task. MARYANCLEMYER JOE ANNCLIFTON Just think, two months of pub- includes annual updating of the lication search neatly packaged file during succeeding years at into one 4" Biological Abstracts' approximately eight week inter- cartridge. Can you picture vals! You or your organization yourself wearily poring over all may subscribe to this service of those publications? Now you easily and at a quite modest need never do it again! Biolog- cost. For all the details, write ical Abstracts has taken its call Biological Abstracts entire 51 volumes of collective today. Professional Services research findings by life and Education Department, Bio- scientists throughout the world Sciences Information Service, (more than 2.2 million ab- 2100 Arch Street, Philadelphia, stracts) and put them on micro- Pa. 19103. (21 5) LO 8-401 6. film. What's more, the service WE CAN LOWER YOUR

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Press,- Inc. Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523 Gale's Basic Reference Tools For Librarians BOOK REVIEW INDEX CONTEMPORARY AUTHORS This master key to current book commen- With the publication of Volume 37-40, the tary gives timely citations to all reviews in Contemporary Authors series provides full bio- over 225 periodicals, including Saturday Re- bibliographical information on 33,000 of to- view. Library Journal, Choice, Time, Booklist, day's active writers, including nearly 29,700 Harper's, Atlantic, Horn Book, and New York that cannot be found in any similar reference Times. BRI entries give author's name, title of work. Ease of use is assured, because sketches book, reviewing publication, and date and are uniform in style and format; each presents page of review. BRI covers approximately personal and career facts, a complete bibli- 65,000 reviews of 35,000 new books each year ography, work in progress, sidelights, and Periodical Issues. Bimonthly issuesof BRI are biographical/ critical sources. Covering the now appearing promptly and regufarly. Every entire series, the cumulative index in Volume second issue cumulates the preceding issue. 37-40 includes references to authors in Vol- Softbound. Annual subscription, with binder, ume l'of Contemporary Literary Criticism, a $45.00. Annual Cumulations. The cumula- new companion series described below. CA is tion of the periodical issues covering 1972 will sold in four-volume units, $25.001 unit. be ready in late fall, 1973. Future cumulations Booklist: of periodical issues will appear shortly after the close of each year. Clothbound. $45.001 "The bibliographies are not only accurate but cumulation. comprehensive and, in many instances, un- available in general biographical sources . . . Choice: Contemporary Authors is recommended for "A basic reference tool which belongs in all junior and senior high school, college, and libraries." public libraries that face the problem of providing biographical material about current Booklist: authors who are not listed in other sources." "No other indexing service offers the diversity of Book Review Index. It is recommended for all libraries." CONTEMPORARY LITERARY CRITICISM The first volume of this continuing series is now available, and will be followed by the B00KMAN'S PRICE INDEX second in late 1973. The series is devoted The sixth and seventh volumes were re- entirely to current evaluations of established cently added to the now-standard Bookman's modern authors (now living or deceased since Price Index series, bringing the total number 1960) and important new authors. Succeed- of listings to nearly 335,000. BPI is comprised ing volumes in the CLC series will contain of listings of books offered for sale at $10.00 criticism on authors not previously covered, or more in catalogs issued by the world's lead- plus new criticism on authors already treated ing rare book sellers, specialist dealers, and in earlier volumes. Covering about 200 ', O.P. bookmen. Arranged within each volume authors, Volume 1 includes nearly 1,100 indi- alphabetically by author, entries give author, vidual excerpts taken from about 250 books title, place and date of publication, pagination and several hundred issues of some 50 gen- or collation, condition, dealer's name, catalog eral magazines. With cumulative indexes of number, and item number, year the catalog authors and critics. $25.00/ vol. was issued, and price of the book. Volumes Write for further information on any 1to 7 of BPIare in print, $38.50/vol. or all of these reference tools. AB Bookman's Weekly: All Books are sent on Gale's "Still the most comprehensive, clearest gen- 30-day free examination plan. eral price guide of its kind!" American Reference Books Annual: "The set is recommended as a must for all larger public and university libraries." BOOK TOWER - DETROIT, MICH. 48226