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Cómo Citar El Artículo Número Completo Más Información Del Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 ISSN: 1666-0536 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina de Carvalho, Rone F.; Passos, Daniel C.; Lessa, Leonardo G. DIET VARIATIONS IN SHORT-TAILED OPOSSUM Monodelphis domestica (DIDELPHIMORPHIA, DIDELPHIDAE) DUE TO SEASONAL AND INTERSEXUAL FACTORS Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 26, núm. 2, 2019, Julio-, pp. 340-348 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45763089014 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Mastozoología Neotropical, 26(2):340-348 Mendoza, 2019 Copyright © SAREM, 2019 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 hp://www.sarem.org.ar hps://doi.org/10.31687/saremMN.19.26.2.0.14 hp://www.sbmz.org Artículo DIET VARIATIONS IN SHORT-TAILED OPOSSUM Monodelphis domestica (DIDELPHIMORPHIA, DIDELPHIDAE) DUE TO SEASONAL AND INTERSEXUAL FACTORS Rone F. de Carvalho1, Daniel C. Passos3 and Leonardo G. Lessa1,2 1Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Ecologia. Diamantina, MG, Brasil. 2Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Laboratório de Ecologia. Diamantina, MG, Brasil. [Correspondence: Leonardo G. Lessa <[email protected]>] 3Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal. Mossoró, RN, Brasil. ABSTRACT. We analyzed the diet composition of Monodelphis domestica (Wagner, 1842) distributed in a high-altitude rocky habitat (campo rupestre) in Southeastern Brazil, between October 2015 and December 2016. We also evaluated whether there are diet dierences depending on body mass, sex and seasons. We collected 70 fecal samples of 29 M. domestica specimens and recorded ve food categories (arthropods, vertebrates, seeds, owers and plant vegetative parts). Monodelphis domestica presented a specialized diet, the specimens mainly fed on invertebrates (founded in 100% of the samples). The samples also presented plant vegetative parts (leaves and stems), owers and small vertebrates (scales and fragmented bones of lizards, snakes and birds). The species showed seasonal diet variations and consumed large portions of arthropods, small portions of vertebrates and plant vegetative parts during the rainy season. Intersexual dierences inuenced the diet composition: the range of food items consumed by males was wider than that ate by females. Our ndings helped better understanding the food ecology of short-tailed opossums, besides being the rst study about the diet of a didelphid species distributed in high-altitude rocky habitats. RESUMO. Variações na dieta da cuíca-de-rabo-curto Monodelphis domestica (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) devido a fatores sazonais e intersexuais. Analisamos a composição da dieta de Monodelphis domestica (Wagner, 1842) em uma área de campos rupestres no sudeste brasileiro, entre outubro de 2015 e dezembro de 2016. Também avaliamos se existem diferenças na dieta de acordo com a massa corporal, sexos e estações do ano. Obtivemos 70 amostras fecais de 29 indivíduos e 5 categorias de itens alimentares foram identicadas (artrópodes, vertebrados, sementes, ores e partes vegetativas de plantas). Monodelphis domestica apresentou uma dieta especializada consumindo principalmente artrópodes (registrados em 100% das amostras). As amostras também apresentaram partes vegetativas (folhas e caules), ores e pequenos vertebrados (escamas e ossos fragmentados de lagartos, serpentes e aves). A espécie mostrou variação sazonal na dieta, consumindo uma alta proporção de artrópodes, pequenos vertebrados, e partes vegetativas de plantas durante os meses chuvosos. Houve também diferença intersexual na composição da dieta, com machos consumindo um espectro mais amplo de itens do que as fêmeas. Nossos resultados contribuem para a compreensão da ecologia alimentar Recibido 14 junio 2018. Aceptado 7 enero 2019. Editor asociado: D. Astúa DIET OF Monodelphis domestica 341 das cuícas-de-cauda-curta, e representa o primeiro estudo especíco sobre a dieta de dideldeos em campos rupestres. Key words: Campos rupestres, food habit, insectivorous, marsupials. Palabras-chaves: Campos rupestres, hábito alimentar, insetívoros, marsupiais. INTRODUCTION to mates searching, whereas females have a large energetic demand because they are pregnant or Trophic ecology is one of the outstanding features lactating (Martins et al. 2006; Camargo et al. 2014; of several organisms, including marsupials’ biology, Melo et al. 2018). and it has major implications in the understanding of their natural history and on the functional role In addition, seasonal environments, such as the played by these animals (Castilheiro & Dos Santos Cerrado (a savanna-like ecosystem), can also inu- Filho 2013; Camargo et al. 2014). Several didelphid ence the species diet because the food availability species participate in mutualistic relationships in the (specially insects and fruits) can change during the Neotropics, since they feed on and disperse intact year (Martins et al. 2006; Camargo et al. 2014; Lessa seeds of a wide variety of eshy fruits (Cáceres 2002; & Geise 2014a). Therefore, some didelphid species Lessa et al. 2013). Furthermore, evidences suggest can adapt their diet in order to consume resources that didelphids’ feeding habits can change depend- according to their availability in the environment ing on age, sex, reproductive activity and season (Lessa & Geise 2014a; Melo et al. 2018). (Martins et al. 2006; Casella & Cáceres 2006; Santori Monodelphis domestica, and Monodelphis species et al. 2012; Lessa & Geise 2014a). Nevertheless, the more generally, have traditionally been treated as in- knowledge about the diet and food strategies of most sectivores (Paglia et al. 2012), although information species belonging to the genus Monodelphis remains about its food habits also reports the consumption of poor: only 29% of the 60 Brazilian didelphid marsu- small vertebrates (rodents, lizards, frogs and snakes), pials had their diets investigated: in specic studies fruits and carrion (Streilein 1982; Emmons & Feer (Lessa & Geise 2010; Santori et al. 2012). 1997; Hume 1999; Neto & Dos Santos 2012). However, Short-tailed opossum (genus Monodelphis Burnett most detailed information about the diet of this 1830, Didelphidae) is the most speciose genus of species was reported by cafeteria experiments, in didelphid marsupials; it has 22 currently recog- which M. domestica individuals were fed in captivity nized species (Pavan & Voss 2016). Monodelphis (Daniels et al. 2005; Constantino 2015). Recent domestica (Wagner, 1842) is a terrestrial, diurnal studies on the diet of Monodelphis spp., based on and crepuscular didelphid and its representatives fecal analysis and on stomach contents, showed have the widest geographic distribution in the genus that insects were the most frequently consumed (Streilein 1982; Emmons & Feer 1997; Smith 2008). resource (Casella & Cáceres 2006; Pinotti et al. 2011; They are found in open dry and high-altitude rocky Castilheiro & Dos Santos Filho 2013). These ndings habitats (campos rupestres) in Central, Northeastern suggest that M. domestica may also be primarily and Eastern Brazil, mainly in seasonal savanna-like insectivorous, although the available data are very biomes (Cerrado and Caatinga) (Macrini 2004; Melo limited. So far, we found no systematized and de- & Sponchiado 2012). tailed studies about the composition of M. domestica Monodelphis domestica shows sexual size dimor- natural diet. phism with males being larger than adult females This article reports the feeding habits of (mean body mass 71.4 g; range, 55 - 95 g) (Eisenberg M. domestica specimens living in a seasonal high- & Redford 1999; Macrini 2004), this dierence in altitude rocky habitat in southeastern Brazil. The size can result in dierent energetic demands, inu- aims of our study were to describe the species encing the diet composition (Camargo et al. 2014; natural diet in the assessed area and to evaluate Melo et al. 2018). Like other Neotropical marsupials, whether there are diet changes due to individual M. domestica also shows a seasonal pattern of repro- body mass, sex (male vs. female) and sampling time duction occurring in the beginning of the warm-wet (dry vs. rainy season). We expect the following: season (Bergallo & Cerqueira 1994; Macrini 2004). (1) That M. domestica feeds more intensively on in- During this period, males feed more intensively on sects (mainly termites, ants and beetles) compared to insects because of higher energy demands related fruits (see Casella & Cáceres 2006; Castilheiro & Dos 342 Mastozoología Neotropical, 26(2):340-348 Mendoza, 2019 R. F. de Carvalho et al. hp://www.sarem.org.ar – hp://www.sbmz.org Santos Filho 2013); (2) that vertebrate consumption The collected material was washed in metal mesh would be positively inuenced by M. domestica body sieve (0.1 mm), separated and identied through stereomi- size. Body size could be more associated with preda- croscopy in laboratory. Items were identied at the lowest taxonomic level possible and separated into 5 categories: tion among didelphids than could be
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