Game booklet

FUN AT the Grand Trianon from Louis XIV to Louis XIV the King builds a holiday home

This engraving represents the Trianon, which was called that because of its blue and white facing tiles, in a Chinese style. It became too small and was pulled down to make room for the Grand Trianon, where the King invited his friends and the lovely ladies of the Court.

Before the 18th century, the Grand Trianon had a different name - what was it? Look at the building to help you. The Wooden Trianon The Marble Trianon Far from the pomp of the Court The Stone Trianon Louis XIV successively occupied several A Palace designed for pleasure and relaxation, this was the most apartments at the Trianon, first in the left wing, to the south, with a view over the private of Louis XIV’s palaces. Grand Canal (where he never stayed), then The name Trianon comes from the village that the King had razed to in the left wing, to the north, which he later build a little palace, the “Porcelain Trianon”. It was here that he carried preferred because it was cooler. This painting by Jean Cotelle, View on his affair with Madame de Montespan, then he had it destroyed of the Trianon Parterres with Flora and and replaced it with the current building, built in the Italianate style by Zephyr, illustrates an episode of mythology architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart in 1687. With its elegant peristyle taken from Ovid’s Metamorphoses. Take a (columned gallery), its intimate salons and its scented flower gardens, close look – the Trianon is part of the scene, as is the case in most of the paintings that it is a bit like the King’s country home, far from the pomp of Versailles. you can admire in the Cotelle Gallery. This where he could get away from all the “Etiquette”, the system of rules governing the behaviour of the King and his courtesans. Who do you think Zephyr was? This palace was to remain a place for rest and relaxation throughout Louis XIV’s nickname its history. Deserted after King Louis-Philippe, it was returned to its original splendour under General de Gaulle, who transformed it into The god of the west wind in Greek mythology a Presidential residence to welcome foreign Heads of State. The Roman god of love

– 2 – – 3 – Louis XV Napoléon the Marble Trianon becomes the Grand Trianon made a home for his second wife, Marie Louise

Louis XV rarely came here. In August 1741, he gave the After the , when all the furniture was sold, the Grand Trianon Do you know who Trianon to his wife, Marie Leszczynska, to get her away found a new owner: . The Emperor first wanted a home for his mother, Louis XV was in from the Court. Louis XV nonetheless took advantage Laetizia Ramolino, who didn’t want it, before preparing the site for his new wife, relation to Louis XIV? of the palace to live with Madame de Pompadour, Marie-Louise, starting in 1810. The Emperor set up his private apartments in the whom he met in 1745. He was the one who undertook His son former apartments of Madame de Pompadour and Louis XV. He probably only slept the construction of the in 1750. Thus, the His brother here about fifteen times. Marble Trianon became the Grand Trianon. His great-grandson In this Salon of Mirrors, which Louis In this portrait, Madame de Pompadour XIV used as his Council Room, the decoration is looking straight into the viewer’s eyes. dates from the Sun King but most of the Beautiful, intelligent, cultivated and interested in furniture, sold during the French Revolution, politics, she was no doubt the woman who had was made for the Emperor. Under the the greatest influence on the King. Empire, the women came here to write their correspondence and to play parlour games. The daughter of a squire who was ennobled by Louis XV, What was the little table you can Madame de Pompadour’s real see here in the middle of the three name was Jeanne Antoinette chairs used for? Poisson. A minibar A sewing box Another important woman in Louis XV’s life was A writing table his mother. She is represented here when she was very young. Born Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy, she was married This lunch table set, to the Duke of Burgundy at the age of 11. She had her which belonged to Empress own apartment in the Trianon’s left wing, under the Marie-Louise, was produced supervision of Madame de Maintenon. This did not by the Manufacture de Sèvres. stop her from having many parties.

Among these 3 motifs, circle the one Put the letters in the that adorns the Duchess of Burgundy’s right order to discover dress and symbolises royalty. what these dishes are made of. L R O E A I C N P

A B C L R O E A I C N P

– 4 – – 5 – Louis Philippe Charles de Gaulle moves in with his whole family hosts foreign Heads of State

In 1835, King Louis-Philippe decided to move into the Grand With General de Gaulle, the Grand Trianon to supervise the work undertaken to transform the Trianon became a Presidential residence into a museum. His private apartment used to host foreign Heads of State. was set up in the west wing, in Louis XIV’s former kitchens The palace was therefore completely overlooking the Grand Canal. Queen Marie-Amélie opted for restored and refurnished. the left wing, and their daughters moved into the Emperor’s former apartments. The eldest son, the Duke of Orléans, occupied the Petit Trianon with his wife. These four chairs include General de Gaulle’s armchair. It has armrests and legs ending B C A in animal feet. Can you find it?

A B

Proclaimed “King of the French” rather than King of , The Queen of England, Jimmy Carter, Louis- Philippe reigned over a country that was changing the Shah of Iran, Ronald Reagan and drastically under the control of the Parliament. He nonetheless many others were welcomed to the stayed in power for eighteen years between two revolutions – Grand Trianon by General de Gaulle’s that of 1830 and that of 1848. D successors. Find the corresponding silhouette C Put the six Presidents who have succeeded Among the many transformations General de Gaulle into undertaken by Louis-Philippe at the Trianon chronological order. Palace, this former music room became a game room for his five sons. What could they play on the table you can see here? François HOLLANDE Jacques CHIRAC Parcheesi Valéry GISCARD D’ESTAING Poker Georges POMPIDOU Nicolas SARKOZY Billiards François MITTERRAND

– 6 – – 7 – the Grand Trianon's flowers The Grand Trianon’s nickname was the Palace of Flora because of its magnificent flower gardens designed by the famous André Le Nôtre. He had a brilliant way of playing with perspectives – seen from the Grand Canal, this palace indeed looks grand!

Louis XIV loved flowers. A changing collection could be admired in the parterres – they were planted in pots so they could be renewed every day. Their fragrance produced such an odour that some ladies became faint and had to leave A N the gardens, even though they are very large. I Complete the crossword HYACINTH puzzle with the names of TULIP T flowers that Louis XIV DAFFODIL imported from around ANEMONE Europe They were rare CYCLAMEN at the time. IRIS S SOLUTIONS: page 3: The Marble Trianon. The god of the west wind in Greek mythology - page 4: His great-grandson. Answer B - page 5: A writing table. Porcelain - page 6: Answer A. Billiards - page 7: Answer C. 1-Georges Pompidou, 2- Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, 3- François Mitterrand, 4- Jacques Chirac, 5- Nicolas Sarkozy, 6- François Hollande. page 8: Horizontally, from top to bottom: Cyclamen - Daffodil - Tulip. Vertically from left to right: Hyacinth - Anemone - Iris. Page 2: © Château de Versailles - Page 3: © Château de Versailles, Dist. RMN / © Christophe Fouin - © RMN-GP (Château de Versailles) / © Gérard Blot - Page 4: © Château de Versailles, Dist. RMN / © Jean-Marc Manaï - © Christian Jean - Page 5: © Jean-Marc Manaï - © RMN-Grand Palais Palais RMN-Grand © - Manaï Jean-Marc © 5: Page - Jean Christian © - Manaï Jean-Marc © / RMN Dist. Versailles, de Château © 4: Page - Blot Gérard © / Versailles) de RMN-GP(Château © - Fouin Christophe © / RMN Dist. Versailles, de Château © 3: Page - Versailles de Château © 2: Page / (Château de © Blot Versailles) Gérard - Page 6: © Dist. Château de RMN Versailles, / © Jean-Marc Manaï - © Jean-Marc Manaï - Page 7: © All Historique rights des Centre reserved, nationales Archives - © All Historique rights des Centre reserved, nationales Archives - © RMN-Grand Blot / Gérard de Versailles) (Château Palais 7: © RMN-Grand Manaï - Page Dist. RMN / © Jean-Marc de Versailles, - © Château Fouin Manaï - © Christophe Dist. RMN / © Jean-Marc de Versailles, Blot - © Château / © Gérard de Versailles) - (Château Palais Design and production Editor: Maïa Bouteillet with Orianne Charpentier. Graphic creation: Olivier Junière. Coordination: Aïcha Djarir.