oL / p 36 1310 ^Jifcssw srsr: NOVEMBER 19 EAST md W E ST ' S r--fa O , Magazine and Review of Thought . Combined with The Light of India

EDITED BY BABA BHARATI 10 Cents a Coi ^ L i z To / ? z L 3 FREE TOUR AROUND THE WORLD First Class Throughout with Ample Spending Money Supplied Free. FREE TOUR OF INDIA— FREE— WEST: A Magazine and Review of Under the Personal Care and Patronage of thought. This Magazine which with this Distinguished H in doos: Something never November number, will enter on its Third before available to Americans or Europeans. Volum e, is the only publication of its kind in Free existence. Its contributers are mostly inspired FREE TOUR OF EUROPE— FREE writers, the unrivaled power and beauty of -— Taking in all points of interest in France, whose thought, language and style bear wit­ Germany, Italy and other countries. ness of the source of their inspiration. It is Free the H I G H E S T C L A S S M A G A Z I N E . FREE SPECIAL TRIPS TO LON­ It will retain all those distinctive charac­ DON, PARIS, BERLIN, ROME AND teristics of quality, style, sentiment and thought RETU RN — and many other places of spec­ which have made it the unique production it ial interest— A L L F R E E . is in the magazine world. It will also enter Free vigorously into the discussion of Modern FREE GREAT SEA VOYAGES TO Thought on social, domestic, ethical and HONOLULU, JAPAN. THE PHIL­ spiritual question. T h e forthcoming issues IPPINES AND CHINA AND RE­ will contain articles of absorbing interest and TURN-ALL FREE. will more than make good the expectations Free warranted by past numbers and this. The FREE TRIPS TO SOUTH SEA IS­ reason of the magazine assuming this new LANDS, NEW ZEALAND, AUSTRA­ title of E A S T A N D W E S T is to empha­ LIA AND SOUTH AFRICA AND RE­ size its object of bringing about a closer union TURN-ALL FREE. of the East and W est in thought and sympa­ Free thy through a better and clearer understand­ A L L F R E E — Interesting and delightful ing of each other’s concepts and ideals of trips and excursions to N ew York, Boston, life. EAST AND W EST will become an Washington, Chicago, Denver, New Orleans, important factor in molding the thought of Florida, Bermuda Islands, City of M exico, the future the world over, and no one wish­ Niagara Falls, Mammoth Cave, Yellowstone ing to keep abreast of the times will care to Park, Yosemite Valley, Grand Canyon, Lake be without it. Tahoe, Catalina Island, Los Angeles, San Startling Offers Diego, Santa Barbara, San Francisco, Puget Firmly believing that every one who has Sound and Alaska, and many other places the opportunity of reading E A S T A N D of interest, from your home and return— A L L W E ST for one year will not wish to be with­ FREE. out it again, and it being our desire to increase Free its circulation as rapidly as possible to the end FREE— From Anywhere to Anywhere— that it may bring its light to the largest possi­ F R E E . First Class Throughout and A L L ble number of people, we propose to make FREE. extraordinarily liberal offers to new subscrib­ Free ers as inducements, in the shape of Read the following pages and find out how GIFTS OF BOOKS, which are much prized to obtain any of these delightful trips F R E E masterpieces, at cost price; in the shape of and with money in your pocket supplied FREE! GIFTS OF SOLID GOLD and FREE. GOLD-FILLED ELGIN or W ALTHAM EAST AND WEST W A T C H E S , in twenty-years’ guarantee T H E B A B A B H A R A T I , the W orld- case; and, last but not least, in the shape of Renowned illuminated H indoo Sage, Author, CASH PRIZES. Writer, Preacher, Orator, and Ascetic, has DETAILS OF PROJECT returned to the United States to make his The subscription price of EAST AND home here for the future and to establish on a W E S T is $ 1 .0 0 per annum to any address permanent basis his ever interesting and wide­ in the United States or Canada, and Five ly appreciated magazine, TH E LIGH T OF Shillings to England and Europe, India and INDIA, under the new title of EAST AN D the Far East. For Particulars Write Us INDO-AMERICAN PUBLISHING CO. Phones West 5982 Home 73283 1430 Dana Street, Los Angeles, Cal. FIVE GREAT BOOKS

Book Premiums a story furnished her by her Oriental teacher, While we will thankfully receive INDI­ often told by him only by way of illustration V I D U A L subscriptions at the rate of One to an entire class of students, she rounds out Dollar for 1 2 numbers of the magazine round­ the finished tale with facts which have not ing up a year, w e present you here with some been given in the telling, but are actually details of our BOOK PREMIUMS, the found in the originals, printed only in H indu­ perusal of which, w e are sure, will induce stani or Sanskrit. . . . Like the oracles you to have them at such nominal prices along of old, Miss Anthon appears to literally ‘read with the magazine. W ithout the magazine the light’ ; and like those of old, too, many of their prices are as high as they have been put her effusions have proven prophecies. A m ong down below, and we can allow no discount those who have been rapt witnesses of the on them. extemporaneous production by her of thoughts of surpassing beauty and power, The total value of the magazine and the which at their conception, flowed from her books is $ 8 .0 0 , but w e will give them to you lips in a rapid stream of words, are many at about half that money— $ 5 .0 0 C A S H . noted personages.” Read now about the book premiums. The author has lived in the closest intimacy EACH ONE A LITERARY GEM AND EACH with the people of India, enjoying exceptional ONE UNIQUE IN ITS WAY opportunity for studying all phases of Hindoo 1. K R I S H N A , T H E L O R D O F life from the highest and the most spiritual, to LOVE. By BABA BHARATI, the the lowest as well. 3 0 0 pages, beautifully World-Renowned Hindoo Sage, Author, bound. Price, $1.50. Writer, Preacher, Orator and Ascetic. 3. JIM. AN ANGLO-INDIAN RO­ This book is a history of the Universe. It MANCE FOUNDED ON REAL has been described by the American and English press as “ S O U L S T I R R I N G ,” FACTS. BY BABA BHARATI. “FORCEFUL,” “A MOST EXTRA­ “ Jim” is of such gripping interest that the ORDINARY BOOK,” “THE FASCI­ reader’s mind cannot rest until it has devoured NATING EXPOSITION OF AN EX­ the whole of it. The author handles the ALTED PHILOSOPHY,” and as “THE emotions of the heart as only a master can, GREATEST BOOK OF THE CEN­ and strikes the chord that vibrates through TURY.” every soul. H e traces the delicate working of the heart and uncovers it in all its intrica­ It has attracted wide attention both in the cies to the pulse of the reader. H e takes us W est and the Orient, and is one of the best with the wandering ascetic through the beau­ sellers. 550 pages, beautifully printed, crown ties of life in India and reveals the mysteries octavo, in handsome cloth binding. Price of her spiritual realm. “ Jim” develops more $ . . 2 00 and more stirring situations of most absorbing 2. STORIES OF INDIA: MORAL, interest in every succeeding chapter. While MYSTICAL, SPIRITUAL AND RO­ perusing it, the reader’s mind is translated to MANTIC. By ROSE REINHARDT the most mysterious realms of India. “ Jim” A N T H O N , a noted and inspired American is a reply to Kipling’s “ Kim,” and is a most writer now residing in India as tutor and fascinating romance handled by a master companion of one of India’s Noble Princesses. mind of the Orient-— the first novel, a marvel­ This book has been called “ A wonder in ous masterpiece of English, ever written by thought, style and diction.” Current Litera­ an Oriental. Beautifully printed, 225 pages, ture says of it that “ it has the universal note price $ 1 .2 5 . that appeals to all races and climes and defies 4. LIGHT ON LIFE. BY BABA the tooth of time.” The Los Angeles Times says: “ A peculiar circumstance connected BHARATI. with Miss Anthon’s writing of the Hindoo " L I G H T O N L IF E ” is a real light tales— more of which she is soon to publish— thrown on the daily experiences of human is the fact that from the bald, main points of life the world over. It is a limelight in which the facts of our every-day life stand revealed than those of any other writers on India and in new colors to our wondering gaze. It is an its people. Besides, the books are all written X -ra y that exposes to our mental vision the in the clearest, most direct and entrancing expressions of the inner laws of nature, called language as the perusal of a single page will truths, truths we knew not of nor recognized convince you. The opinions of the best of even though they stared us in the face all the the American press of Baba Bharati’s book, while. It is indeed a most masterly exposi­ Krishna, published in extracts at the end of tion couched in language whose architecture this circular, will convince you of the sterling is all its own. And all through, from cover worth of these books which, though among to cover, the book is saturated with the mag­ the best sellers in the book market, are yet netism and vibrations of live love born of the offered to you at the actual cost of printing, clearest cognition of the Paramount Principle with the sole object of spreading their utility of the Whole of Life Called Creation. It is among the Western people. a wonderful book whose perusal will give you many a joyous hour, whose Truth-born scien­ Invaluable Possession tific sentiments will lift you from the mire of T h e study of the life and thoughts of mere materiality into the sublime atmosphere foreign nations enlarges your mental vision of the hill-tops of your soul. It will give you while it stores up in your mind knowledge, a key into the inmost recesses of your being. both instructive and illuminating, which Beautifully printed, 3 0 0 pages, price $ 1 .5 0 . makes your life brighter and happier in the inner living. Indeed, when you have pro­ 5. GLIMPSES OF THE ORIENT. cured and read these books, you will bless A most delightful book containing descrip­ this project ever afterwards for having secured tive sketches and inner views of the heart and them to you so cheaply. They will be your soul of Japan and India, by two wonderfully invaluable possession. gifted Americans— ROSE REINHARDT ANTHON and MARY WALTON. The book “ KRISHNA” will accompany the first number of the magazine. T he other These sketches pulse with a feeling of books will be off the press and ready for humanity and of love for the Orient. Their delivery in about thirty days. beautiful poetic sentiments and richness of Great Offer style appeal to all classes of readers. Price, 75 cents. TO ALL SUBSCRIBERS TO EAST A N D W E S T — the most liberal offer ever A Library and Encyclopedia made by any Magazine or Publishing House.

These five books in themselves form a East and West, one year ...... $ 1 .0 0 LIBRARY and ENCYCLOPEDIA of the Krishna ...... 2 .0 0 best and highest in H indoo thought. Y ou Stories of I n d i a ...... 1.50 may have gathered all the storehouse of Light on L ife ...... 1.50 knowledge concerning men and manners and Jim ...... 1.25 concepts of thought of this Western hemi­ Glimpses of the O rient ...... 75 sphere by the study of the best standard Making a total value o f ...... $ 8 .0 0 books written by old-world and modern A ll of these w e offer you for only $ 5 .0 0 . writers and thinkers. But, perhaps, you If more convenient to you to make payment know little or nothing of Asia, or, of the in two remittances, $2.00 to accompany sub­ Center of Asia, INDIA, acknowledged by scription and $ 3 .0 0 one month later, you can all Western savants to be the C R A D L E do so. LAND of civilization, philosophy and religion. Y ou do not know, perhaps, how A SUBSCRIPTION BLANK to be the Hindoos live, move and have their being signed by subscribers is printed on page 48. in their daily life of today, or how they did This form must be used in every case. in ancient India. These books supply you with first-hand knowledge of the origin, mode For the Magazine Subscription only of life, mentality, philosophies, religions, man­ T o those of our friends w ho may wish to ners and customs of that ancient people still aid in this good work but whom circum­ existing in the full vigor of their vitality and stances may prevent from securing more than individuality in this modern world. They a very few subscriptions we make the fol­ are written by illuminated writers and think­ lowing offers: ers whose informations are more authentic ( See Page 48 ) I ì m

EAST and WEST Combined with The Light of India

Contents Benares (frontispiece) ...... pas? Give Unto Us the Light ...... 5 The East and the W est (Poem) ...... 5 where East and W est May Meet ...... 6 Holy Benares ...... " ’ ^ She Speaks at Last ______in Frenzied Finance ...... 17 Through A Calcutta Lane .19 The Lost Light ...... I ara Devi ...... 9g Hindoo Preachers in America ...... 34 The Unexpressed ...... 1.36 Hindoo and American Thought ...... 39 Sitting Bull ...... Back to the Stars and Stripes ...... 1146

The East and the West

A Prophetic Vision

Gold-Crowned with shining eyes she stands— The gifts of energy piled at her feet, Flashes of wizard knowledge on her brow, And modern welfare and fruits of genius In her hands. With palpitating heart, Lips parted in a smile, her snowy arms Outstretched she greets her elder Sister, who W ith stately tread and noble mien, draws near— Her consciousness full-wakened, wisdom's lore Drawn from the ages in her world-old eye, The glow of meditation like a halo Around her flung, a stillness on her brow Like oceans' deeps, and on her swelling breast The ripeness rich of countless cycles' growth: Thus doth the Goddess of the East embrace The radiant child of the new West, and lo, In that embrace the scales of ignorance Which Time hath placed upon their eyes, do fall! And soul to soul in nakedness they stand. W ith Truth between them, and from the Silence

God smiles and claims them both as one. His own. HOLY BENARES (Page 8) * *"***:* * •:<* * * *:• * * * •:** * * *:* *>* *:••:** * * * •:* * *:* * Vol. III. III. Vol. ❖ ❖ * * * * ❖ * * * * * * ❖ * * ❖ * * ❖ * * * * ❖ ❖ •:* ❖ *:• * * *> *> * *> >:* * •> •> •:* *:• •:* * •:* •:* * * * * * *:• •:* *:• ❖ *>❖ ❖ •>*;• *:» * ❖ ❖ ❖ * ❖ ❖ •>*;• ❖ ❖ *:» * *>❖ ❖ *:• *:• * •:* * * * * •:* •:* •:* * •:* *:• •> •> *> *> >:* * * *> *:• * •:* * ❖ ❖ ❖

East and W est * est W and East s rm Thee. from is vn o or al lvn ad o onz ta al ht s i God fr l ta is, that all for ood G is is, that all that cognize to and living daily our of event ling love, and also inspire us to know Thee in each event of Nature and each each and Nature mant­ of the event and each in tongue, Thee eloquent know the to us ear, inspire the hearing also see the and to eye, love, hope ling seeing the the us the us unto us ive Give G unto Give thought. our with function. contact we in whereon come world would the enrich to ord w the us o ait is amh n go ee a te ao f lsig no all. unto blessing y h love T the of us halo unto the give as and even us, glow about and on going warmth its ever is radiate who to all which of life betterment of the for progress be will that things the all, unto say to inspiration G ive unto us the light to view the path that is before us. Give unto unto Give us. before is that path the view to light the us unto ive G hl gv ut ec o te te’ dower. other’s the of each unto give Shall hl b salwd n S n ah ains brow. nation’s each on Thou IS H and in Thee the swallowed be Mine, Shall the and I the hen W h lw hl b sn, ht ih gs begun, ages with that sung, be shall law the d n A discover shall soul his to man of heart the Then sun, the of badge the as known is fade. shall color greed and hen laid, W conquest are of pride creeds the and d n past A are dogmas hen W l e aeo Me fo My er hv al sprung.” all have heart y M from e, M of are men ll A brother, “ a is est W the to East the of man he T shun. must man of custom that curse a ot N foe. or tyrant stranger, not friend, s A hn h hn o Go n t alws power. all-wise its in od G of hand the Then W hen the East and the W est each other shall know know shall other each est W the and East the hen W obnd ih h Lgt f India” of Light The “ with Combined T S E W E H T D N A T S A E E H T GHT H IG L E H T S U O T N U E V I G Y OE IHAD ANTHON ARDT EINH R ROSE BY N O VEM BER 1910 1910 BER VEM O N > • •:* *:•* *:** ❖ * * •> • * * • * •>* * •>* * •> * *t* i** ❖ *> o 1 No. 9 ❖ 9 ❖ 9 ❖ 9 * * 9 9 9 9 * 9 9 * * 9 t ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ♦ 9 ❖ ❖ ❖ ? 9 9 • ❖ 9 # ❖ ❖ 9 9 ❖ 9 i t ❖ 9 9 9 9 • • i f ? * * "WHere lEasft arad "West Cara Meet

BY THE EDITOR

Y SOUL’S greetings to ye, all Americans. It feels good to be among you M once more, to have soul-to-soul talks with you again with all the ardor of my ascetic heart. I have returned from the oldest country to the newest, with new wares of the old country’s wisdom to lay them before you for your ap­ praisement and acceptance. T h e L i g h t o f I n d i a is now spread over EAST and W EST to guide earnest pilgrims, along the intricate paths o f the world-jungle, to the Shrine of the Lord of Love templed in the soul. “ The East is East and the West is West, and never the twain shall meet,” says Rudyard Kipling, the prophet of modern imperialism, the philosopher o f the “ white man’s burden,” the believer in the comradeship o f physical prowess. Smart and cute versifiers are rarely philosophers of any depth, and Kipling belongs to the majority of them. Poetry must embody the soul o f Truth, o f wisdom, moral or material, to be real poetry. Deep down within Creation is Unity which represents the First Principle of it, its Ultimate Cause. Over it, floating in it, every point and particle of this One Vast Life called Creation soaking in it, that First Principle, that Ultimate Cause of all existence, is Unity in itself. The essence of that Unity is Love. Man is a connected part of this Creation and has in him more or less developed all the com­ posing principles o f that Creation, with that First Principle at the bottom o f them all. So, at bottom, man is his soul. But he generally lives in his mind, mostly in its interior chamber, the heart, at most times conscious only of the covering of that mind, the body and all its belongings. Hence he is conscious of separateness, of Variety which is the outermost aspect of Life torn of Unity. This Variety by which his mind is affected, induces him to think that men that do not look, think and act like his own particular race are different from him. He is so very much wedded to the ways and ideas of living o f his own race that he thinks that the ways and ideas o f life of other human races are inferior to his. Only when his mind dwells in the very realm or birth-place of ideas and has been trained in the appraising of the value of ideas and thoughts by the standard of the joy-vibrating illumination which they shed into his consciousness, then only he begins to know men of other races by the attributes and expressions o f their mind, then only he ceases to judge them by their exterior, their physical form and modes o f life. When he finds that man is his thoughts, and when he finds that someone far from him physically, different from him in color of his skin and habits of outer life, is possessed of thoughts the thinking o f which makes him far more happy than his own, race’s thought and literature can make him, then he not only extends to him his spirit of brotherhood, but even acknowledges him as one superior to him or even to any of his race, because o f his consciousness being pervaded by a superior intelligence and a brighter illumination. This illumination is the illumination of that First Principle back of all life, 6 WHERE EAST AND WEST CAN MEET 7 the Fundamental Principle of life. This illumination it is that harmonizes all the crude and undiciplined forces of the mind and brings about the inner harmony whose expression is happiness, happiness all-enduring because born of the un­ changeable, indestructible First Principle— unbroken joy that is the search and goal of all human efforts. Upon this ground of Unity of the Cosmic Soul, the Basic Principle of exis­ tence, all humanity— East, West, North and South— can not only meet, but meet in love. In our soul, our Basic Self, we are all united. We have never been separ­ ated in our soul, for all our souls are connected parts of the Universal All-Per­ vading Soul. The human mind must dip into that soul, its source, in order to get conscious of the Unity of Love which is the essence of that soul. The EAST AND WEST, combined with the LIGHT OF INDIA, will en­ deavor to bring about the inturning of the English-speaking human mind into the soul to draw its illumination with the aid of which to live according to the inner laws of Nature, the laws of harmony and happiness that operate from within to make life always radiant and enjoyable without. The EAST AND W EST will furnish its readers with review of thought, all thoughts relating to the permanent interest o f humanity, all thoughts whose thinking results in the increase of the permanent happiness of mankind. East and West will retain all the distinctive characteristics o f quality, style, sentiment and thought which have made the L ight of I ndia a unique production in the magazine world. It will also enter vigorously into the discussion of modern thought and social, domestic, ethical and spiritual questions. The forthcoming issues will contain articles of absorbing interest and try to more than make good the expectations warranted by past numbers and this number.

The reason o f the magazine assuming this new title of E a s t a n d W e s t is to emphasize its object o f bringing about a closer union of the East and the West, in thought and sympathy, through a better and clearer understanding of each other’s concepts and ideals o f life. E a s t a n d W e s t will become an important factor, moulding the thought of the future the world over.

A Birftlhidlsiy Somnraeft

By FRANK S. ADAMS

In joy w e lift our hearts to greet thee. Rose, O n this memorial day that gave thee birth. From that fair realm where love and joy and mirth Together w ove the song that ever flows From out your heart, you came; for He who knows Life’s purposes and gives each word its worth Hath sent thee from thy home to sing on earth T h e song that wakes each life and echoes at its close.

W ell do w e know thy strain; w e understand— W h o sought with thee the heights of Truth to climb— That thy fair soul had not its birth in time, And should thy years on earth a cycle fill Far longer would we keep thee from the strand, A n d captive in our hearts would hold thee still. Molly Benares

By RAMSAY MACDONALD, M. P.

O THE east a tawny band of light glares and challenges everything with spans the horizon; overhead the its purity. But there are also patches T pale pure crescent of a new moon of green and red, purple and pink, lies like a piece of delicate jewelry on blue saffron and yellow, and they move velvet; behind to the west the stars and mix like a kaleidoscopic mass of are still shining. ever changing patttern. The eye be­ It is half an hour front sunrise and comes bewildered; the mind grasps I am hurrying to the Ganges. The only mass and motion. Slowly the lanes of Benares, from which offensive stream drifts the boat down, but the smells arise as incense, are just begin­ scene becomes more and more a ning to bestir themselves. A woman dream, a symbol, a moment in the sweeps at her door; a figure that has eternal pursuit of the Infinite. The been sleeping in a corner wakes up; murmur seems to come far down a man fans a newly lit fire. The Time. The crowds holding up hands tawny light is warming to pink and in adoration and bowing the head low mists begin to rise from dewy ground. in supplication are but representations Suddenly there is an end to the of what has gone on through the ages. road, and the Ganges flows at our The clanging of bells in the temples, feet. T o the left the river comes the haunting notes of the reeds, play­ down in a magnificent bend, the ed besides the shrines are but the banks on the outer curve being high. jarring notes which man always strikes There stands Benares—steps, temples, when in his moods of self-conscious­ palaces rising in sweeping terraces ness, he brings sacrifices to his gods. from the water, the two tall minarets So we drift downwards past places of Aurangzebe’s mosque forming the varying in their degree of sacredness, crowing point of all. What menace past stairs which rise upwards in is there in this incongruous survival uninterrupted flights and others which here of the work of the bigoted M o­ are broken by shrines, by masses of hammedan? What shadow of the bamboo rods bearing wicker-work bas­ future does it throw over the holiest kets at their tips, by platforms where ground of Hinduism? wise and holy men teach novices the Worshippers at the Ganges way of life, and in the end we come There is a murmur on the shore; to where the poor Hindu body seeks there is a confused movement; there rest at last. All day long thin blue is a sigh as if waiting people had seen columns of smoke arise from this the sign of deliverance. A hot flame ghat; all day long they seem to be of fire has arisen above the horizon. building piles of wood there; all day Prayers are murmured by thousands long processions come bearing gaily- of lips; thousands of feet obey the decorated burdens on their shoulders. impulse to go forward into the water; The bodies wrapped up in white, or thousands of dark bodies are bowing in pink, or yellow cloth, lie with their humiliation and adoration, vanishing feet in the water waiting for the pyre. from sight below the river, rising, You see them in rows lying thus. dripping to add to the murmur of And the smoke rises lazily and heavily prayer which goes out in a confused and is blown across the bathers. You hum to welcome the sun. hear the crackling of the consuming The sun glistens on the little braz­ fire. N o one heeds. “ All die,” they en drinking pots which the people say, “in due time,” and blessed are have brought down to cleanse and those whose ashes mingle with the lights up the many-colored robes of muddy waters of the Ganges. So the worshippers. White predominates, this strange medley of colours, this 8 HOLY BENARES 9 confusion of people and tongues, this tude, tell how unmercifully life has mingling of the sublime and the sor­ laid burdens on their backs. Near is did, of life and death, so characteristic the “Well of Knowledge” around the of India, this cry for Infinite Peace, railings of which a crowd always lin­ go on through the years. gers. Across the pavement wanders an array of queer creatures, wild and Scenes in the Holy City unkempt, covered with ashes and The sun is far up. Bells are tink­ little else. Standing there one begins ling in the temples, and the hum of to grasp the spirit of Benares. One chanted prayers falls upon the waters. drifts in the muddy, troubled stream We go up from the river to the town of men seeking for the peace which —to the Idoly City—to the Rome of passeth understanding—of men who at India. But who can describe the life one moment are soaring high in the of its narrow lanes? Who can pene­ clear blue of religious thought and the trate their mysteries of devotion and next are wallowing in the filthy mud deceit, of holiness and blackguardli- of religious ceremony. ness? The temples are full. Incess­ The Feast of Maternity ant streams of people pass and repass their doorways. The heathen can but That is India all over. It tolerates peep in, and he sees nothing but everything. It looks upon human brown skins crowding around repul­ fraility with the kindliest of eyes. Its sive idols, throwing flowers at them, moments of purifying devotion oblit­ sprinkling them with water, bowing erates years of debasing exercises. before them. Morever it cleanses itself with its Sacred monkeys chatter from in­ humor. It does not believe in its numerable perches, sacred cows wan­ own extravagances. It comes to love der round courtyards, sacred men take its gods as one loves a family heir­ toll at every point of vantage. Every loom. We saw the feast of maternity foot of the road is lined with beggars, when the Mother Goddess after having beggars suffering from every loath­ dwelt in houses for some days, is some disease and every sickening con­ borne with bands in procession to be tortion under the sun. Their howls, thrown into the Ganges. When she their whines, their importunities make goes, we were told, the hearts of the you feel you are treading the corridors women are void, as when a child dies. which lead to the places where the lost They crowd the doorways and bal­ are in torment. conies to see her taken away and they All is confusion, nothing rests for weep at her going. “And is it all a moment, it is an endless stream, a real?” I asked. “ Yes and no,” was ceaseless murmur, a never-slackening the reply of an English friend who crowd. The air is heavy with the has lived long amongst the people. scent of flowers, and the stench of “The mother has twined herself cattle and is hot and sickening with around my own heart. She was very humanity. They hang garlands around ugly when I saw her first, but I now your neck, and they seem as heavy as think her beautiful. India knows, and iron chains, and their odours make yet she does not know. She is content mists in your eyes. You must get to worship.” She follows her quest away from the stifling place. for the Eternal of whom the things of Out in the courtyard where the air life are but the shadow and the circulates more freely, and where the thought, through the most sordid clank of the temple bells sounds paths, through nauseating filth and remote one can stand and watch. In appalling error, and yet upon her one corner is a fakir in an iron cage shines, in an extraordinary degree, and a group of weary and worn the light of pure devotion and abso­ women are taking counsel of him. lute abandonment. Poor old things, their wizened breasts, Truly, Benares the Holy City, holds their sunken eyes, their decrepit atti­ in its keeping the soul of India. SHn© Spe& Bts aft

By BABA BHARATI

HE SPEAKS at last—the Hindoo concoct more fictions about the Hindoo woman ! Western women have so to draw more dollars. S long criticised her, called her semi- American globe-trottet s, skipping from barbarous and backward. She has been place to place in India, sight-seeing and called the slave of her husband because curio-hunting for a few days, have also she loves her husband unto worship. written articles and books about the Hin­ Christian Missionaries, male and female, doo woman supporting to some extent have secured “ jobs” in India because of the Christian Missionary’s fabrications her, on the strength of her existence as about her condition, without even coming an idol-worshipper, on account of her into contact, in most cases, with any re­ being, according to them, full of super­ spectable Hindoo woman. And whenever stitions. They lecture about her in this any American woman writer has spoken a good word about her, she has done so patronizingly. All this the Hindoo wo­ man or man has so long endured in sil­ ence, because there was no reason either to retort or contradict these Western critics— for the simple reason that there is no truth or foundation for such criti­ cism, because they were Tanciful and the outcome of the spirit o f a conceited civi­ lization. But now the tables have been turned all too suddenly. Three Hindoo women have opened their mouths to criti­ cise Western women— the American wo­ man in particular. O f these, one is a queen, a Maharani, Her Highness the Maharani o f Baroda; the others are Princesses, the two accomplished daugh­ ters of the Maharaja o f Kooch Behar. And this Maharani and these Princesses have not only seen Western society in India and England, but have been thick and thin with it in both places. The Ma­ harani o f Baroda has not only travelled country and write articles and publish through Europe many times with her books containing horrible descriptions husband, His Highness the Gaekwar, but about her unhappy condition in her home has visited America twice from coast to and degraded position in society. All coast. The Maharaja and Maharani first these have been systematically done by came to this country in 1906. After a these missionaries only to draw the easy short sojourn on the eastern coast, they or hard-earned dollar of some of the came over here and passed through Los Americans to the Foreign Mission boards Angeles and visited my Krishna Temple which secure them their jobs, so that on Sixteenth Street, at my invitation. On they may live luxuriously in inexpensive a short notice, about forty American India with very little work to do and ladies and gentlemen gathered at the 10 SHE SPEAKS AT LAST 11

Temple to meet them. The Maharaja’s Maharaja came to America by the Japan geniality was much praised by these way and I met them in Seattle four American guests. He talked to them months ago. They were bound for New with all the cordiality o f his high bred York and Europe across Canada. I in­ Hindoo manners. He delivered a little troduced to her an American lady of speech with all the fluency o f style in Seattle and she not only received her with exact and up-to-date vocabulary and most all cordiality, but took her with her in her cultured pronunciation o f English words. taxi-cab to have a spin around the city His audience was surprised into genuine with her. This lady told me afterwards appreciation. But what they ad­ that the Maharani talked with her all the mired more was the Maharani’s way with all her heart open and discussed silent grace and poise and beauty. many things with great and intelligent She sat all through the function without interest. uttering a word, without even looking From Seattle their Highnesses went to around in curiosity. She wore her Hin­ New York through Canada. In New doo sari, which covered her head as York they stayed several weeks and well, and over it a plain overcoat. mingled in New York society. The She had her round vermiliion spot on her indefatigable newspaper representatives smooth, brown forehead, the brilliant red sought them for views and opinions. mark of wife-hood, the joyful mark which The Maharaja had given his opin­ every married Hindoo woman, from the ions of men and manners Ameri­ can during his previous visit and it was hard for the press to get him to say anything this time. They then worked upon the Maharani, inducing her to say something. And at last she did say that something. The silent well-poised queen of the Gaekwar burst out her criticism of the women of America, like one o f Oya- ma’s shells upon the Russian army. None before her had dared to criticise the American woman in such a daring way. She gave her suppressed self out with a vengeance. I publish below her opinion of the American woman, and whatever the American woman may say to contra­ dict it, however bad she may feel at her candid criticism, born apparently o f deep thought, it must be confessed that she has expressed herself with great origin­ Maharaja Gaekwar of Baroda ality, an originality that is the expres­ sion of her Hindoo consciousness: highest to the lowest, wears with a love The women of your big, vast, young and happy pride which covers a romantic country, 1 confess, disappointed me. I had sentiment which has been rooted in her heard so much of them; that they equalled heart’s blood from time now out of count. the French women in their two most strik­ ing qualities of chic and vivacity; that they She did not speak to any of the assembly, dressed far better than the English women; not because o f any false pride or vanity, were as coquettish, though in franker wray, but because o f her Hindoo woman’s deli­ as the Spanish; that they were, in short, as cate modesty and shyness. Her pleasant fascinating as the most fascinating women in the world—the Russian. face and eyes bespoke her goodwill and Well, they are not. They are less chic the American ladies admired and appre­ than the French women, because their ciated the speaking poise o f her mind and clothes are more exaggerated, less becom­ sweet beauty and talked freely of both ing, and not always appropriate to the occa­ after she was gone. sion. The low-necked frock on the street, the princess gown worn without a coat on This second time, the Maharani and the street, the open-worked stockings and 12 EAST AND WEST transparent blouses, also worn on the street. Maharani of Baroda is the Princess Pra- Dreadful! Yet we hear that American tiva, a daughter o f the Maharaja of women have the bourgeois merit of virtue. Perhaps the less I say about these strange Kooch Behar, son of a thousand king. evidences of it the better. He married the eldest daughter of the They dress better than the English world-renowned spiritual orator, the late women. More conspicuously, perhaps, but Keshub Chunder Sen, known as “ Chun- their clothing is not so durable, suggests der Sen” in this country. The Maharaja nothing of the solid qualities of modesty and is one of the largest-hearted Native station, as do the tweeds and broadcloths worn by the English. Their coquetry is not Chiefs o f India and has been trained attractive, for it possesses no subtlety. The from boyhood in European culture. His manner of the American woman who wishes wife, the Maharani, is not only equally to attract a man is that of the boy who cultured in Western thought, but has in­ wants to play golf with him—as frank, as devoid of poetry. herited much of the spiritual culture and I understand that some American women make the proposals of marriage. That I do not doubt after watching them make them­ selves “agreeable” to a man at dinner. I am not surprised that American men do not make love well. The women save them the trouble. As for the fascinations of the Russian women. No! No! No! The Russian women are soft and feminine. The American women are masculine. The only softness about them is in the stuffs with which they drape themselves—not in their souls. They are tactless; which is only another way of saying “unkind.” They are ignorant. Else why should they ask me, as many did, “Are you an East Indian, a West Indian, or an American Indian?” And they are vul­ gar; else why should they stare at me on the streets as they do at the tigers in a circus parade, merely because I wear dif­ ferent and more reasonable garments than their own? The Maharani is not a Western woman and, therefore, she does not know, not having cultivated the trick of concealing or glossing over her thoughts. And yet, outspoken though they are, her views are stamped with their depth of intelligence, Princess Prativa their subtlety of comparison, their light and shade of judgment. The American force of her father. She is a very hand­ woman may resent it all, but so have the some woman and has moved as much in Hindoo women a right to resent the the highest society of London as she American woman’s criticism of them, lives and moves in India. Her daughters criticism entirely unmerited. Thus the are thoroughly trained in European con­ woman of the heart of the East, the wo­ cepts of life as by right of heredity they man whose mentality and individuality possess the high caste refinement o f Hin- has been built out of the transcendental doostan. Interviewed by a press repre­ religious instincts of ages and ages, has sentative in London, where she is at pres­ given out her opinion of her modern sis­ ent on a visit with her parents, Princess ter of the West with a frankness and a Prativa delivered herself in the following naivete of expression that ought to strike way, her opinion being asked about the at least as charmingly sincere to the in­ Western and Far Western women: telligent nieces of Uncle Sam. “ The women o f the rest of the world The other Hindoo woman who has are so unhappy. W e of India alone expressed herself as frankly even as the know the art of happiness. I am glad SHE SPEAKS AT LAST 13

that there is an opportunity to carry the the average American woman more or gospel o f peace into the nations of the less unhappy. This unhappiness fills the restless. I want to go to America, for heart of even the rich or those comfort­ it is the most restless, unhappy land of ably situated in regard to the world’s all. goods. Woman’s greatest need in all ages and in all climes is conjugal felicity “ I have been told that America is very born of love. Woman’s heart is essen­ rich. Yes, yes. But what of that? We tially full of love, more full than a man’s. judge a nation by the status of its women, Full of love herself, she craves for love and the status o f the American women is from her partner in life. Her love goes eternal unrest. One American woman out of her heart to find a human reposi­ once said to me— ‘I have nothing but tory from which it will flow back to her money and I’m tired of that!' all redoubled. Unlike man, woman lives “ They lack that calm centre of philo­ on love almost exclusively. In India this sophy without which life is a whirlpool love is assured her from girlhood. She and the world is in a vast turmoil. loves her husband even long before sbe understands what wifehood is and when “ They talk loudly. They try to be she receives her husband’s love her love sprightly and only succeed in making is made happy. True love’s cardinal ugly faces. They are not enough alone. attribute is unbroken happiness. True They do not read enough. They chatter love is its own satisfaction and reward. too much and think too little. Because This the Hindoo wife, in the greatest they do not take time to store them well majority of cases, enjoys, but her love is by reading and contemplation, their born of her spiritual instincts: her heart’s minds are empty. At their present stage culture is spiritual culture. It is spiritual of development the American women love that she offers to her husband, spiri­ are human peacocks.” tual love drawn from her mother’s Princess Prativa is only a young girl breast, bred in her bone and born in her and yet she struck the real key-note of blood. It is nurtured and developed in the subject she discussed. The East and her childhood through precepts, through West have different concepts of life and religious rituals, by the examples all civilization. The domestic, social and around her in her home which is filled moral culture o f the two halves of the with its atmosphere, which is impreg­ world is different also in these days of nated by its vibrations. She is not only ever-shifting ideals of life through which her husband’s wife, but his goddess of the Western world is at present passing. love, his co-partner in spiritual unfold- The true criterion by which to draw a ment. While she looks upon her husband comparison between the two civilizations as her spiritual guide, her protector, her ought to be, I presume, to the minds of father, her brother, all rolled in one, she all intelligent thinkers, the sum and de­ rules him with the jeweled sceptre of gree of happiness which each civilization her love and devotion. And out of all affords to its followers or votaries. The these privileges and luxuries of the heart remarks of the young Princess should and the soul is evolved her sum of hap­ not be resented by the American woman piness which in the last analysis may be because they are disparaging or unpalat­ adjudged by even the American woman able. I would advise her to be poised to be greater in degree and proportion and calmly turn over the remarks in her than it is her lot to claim for herself. mind and analyze the life that the “ They lack,’’ says the Princess, “ that average American woman lives deep calm center of philosophy without which down to its bottom. Is there any real, life is a whirlpool and the world is in a lasting happiness in it. happiness that is vast turmoil.” This is true. No Ameri­ full o f enduring joy? Is it or is it not can woman can deny that American life full o f physical and mental unrest in as it is practically lived from day to day the case of the majority of American is entirely devoid of the harmonizing women? This cause or that, yes, there vibrations o f a spiritual philosophy, a seems some cause or other which renders philosophy whose truths are the expres- 14 EAST AND WEST sions of inner laws of nature as they it to get strength to* unfold itself thereby. operate within the mind. It is also de­ In India the home is the place o f soul void of ritualism, the practice of which development. Every home has either a creates the atmosphere of harmony temple or a sanctuary where individual which is the soul of that philosophy. members pray and worship in secret, Even when the American woman studies some for hours together, others for an such philosophy from the Eastern books hour, while still others for one-half hour or the new cults of old thoughts of the if he or she be in a hurry; but never for East mixed with the new thoughts of the five, ten or fifteen minutes as they do in West, it is studied with the object of this country, merely hearing a short merely knowing their principles and prayer read by a member o f the home keeping that knowledge pigeonholed in for once only. The Hindoo’s morning the brain and to be got out from that worship stirs up the soul, whose vibra­ pigeonhole just for the purpose of talk­ tions fill the worshipper’s whole being. ing it when necessary. The knowledge, These daily worships are supplemented therefore, is superficial and has no influ­ by periodical worship almost every ence on the forces of the mind. The month on a grand scale lasting wonderful philosophy uttered by Jesus for a day or for days together. of Nazareth as embodied in the New What is far more helpful are Testament is studied and treated like­ the rituals held almost once a week on an wise. By most Christians, even by those average, rituals the performance of who fanatically believe that Jesus is the which generates spiritual atmosphere in only Son of God, the only Savior of the home and in the minds and hearts of mankind, his philosophy is regarded as all the members. And this is done in soYnething of academic interest and the almost every Hindoo home, the excep­ belief in his Divine Sonship is almost a tions being those spoilt by the introduc­ matter of opinion. The philosophy and tion of Western materialistic ideas, the belief have little to do with his prac­ chiefly in some cities like Calcutta. tical life. The Christian’s practical life And women are the de facto priestesses is the life of physical self-preservation, in such rituals and ceremonies, for it is sense-pleasures and material comforts. they that keep track o f and arrange them The home consists of a set of rooms and revel in their vibrations. called dining room, parlor and bed rooms, After all, it all depends upon what the which are used for eating, talking and concept and goal o f human life is. And sleeping, respectively. There is no sanc­ the home is the school wherein man and tuary in it, no sacred, secret corner to woman together must strive to realize commune with God, even for the shortest that concept and attain that goal. As it while daily, to open the soul and the has been in the ancient world, as it is in heart to Him in loving homage. Not India now, that concept is to realize the that some Christian families do not real self, the soul; and the goal of that gather every morning for the purpose of soul is God. Christianity teaches the prayer to God. There are thousands and same thing, so does Hindooism, but the thousands of such homes still in exist­ difference is that in Christendom this ence, but such short prayer meetings are concept and goal upon which Jesus the not enough to produce an adequate Christ shed light has been dropped out amount of spiritual atmosphere within of the practical concerns of human life, individual members. As Jesus Christ while in India the Hindoos attend to their has said in His Sermon on the Mount, realization during the first hours o f wak­ the most effective prayer, the prayer that ing life. There, as here, the householder makes the soul vibrate and reach out is distracted by the material needs and to God must be made singly, in secret associations. Therefore, lest the duty to and from the innermost recesses of the the real Self be forgotten or neglected or heart. Praying in church once or twice perfunctorily performed, the earliest a week and in domestic assembly does morning hours are reserved for that not afford sufficient food for the soul for duty. Then it is taken up again in the SHE SPEAKS AT LAST 15 evening. The periodical rituals and more reflective and less intuitive, while ceremonies keep up the ardor of that woman is more intuitive and less reflec­ duty and contribute to develop God- tive than man. The heart is the door of consciousness. Hindoo women find their the subjective mind, the intellect is the chiefest comfort and pleasure in their active principle of the objective mind. religious duties and while they cannot Woman, through the heart’s intuition, talk spiritual philosophy intellectually as grasps truths which man’s intellect some o f her Western sisters can, they misses at most times. Woman has intel­ absorb the essence o f that philosophy by lect, too, but she functions it by her their heart. Grasping spiritual truths heart, by the light of her subjective mind. merely by the intellect is not grasping The subjective mind is the outer realm them wholly or to any substantial benefit. of the soul, with which woman has Spiritual truths have to filter down from natural negative communication. Hence, the intellect to the heart and when the woman is essentially soulful, essentially heart has absorbed their essence then the spiritual. whole being is moved by its attributes. Then only, the character of man or Woman should, therefore, be educated woman is built with the stones and mor­ through her heart, which is the natural tar of harmonious instincts and qualities. medium of her undertaking, which is the channel of her intellectuality. If you edu­ Woman is essentially spiritual. Spirit­ cate her through her intellect alone, you uality is her cardinal quality and this destroy her natural instincts, the instincts cardinal quality no force in the world of intuition, the quality in which she sur­ can wholly destroy. An unspiritual- passes man. Her education, therefore, seeming woman is o f man’s making, for must be spiritual education. Her soul women are what men make them. W ife must be developed from childhood, so and home are synonymous terms in that her heart, the door of the soul and India. The Sanskrit word “griha” the interior chamber of the mind, may be means both wife and home, but East or flooded, when she ripens into woman­ West woman is the home. She is the hood, with the soul light. You may give center and presiding deity of the home. her as many books as you like of the She is the complement of a man as man intellectual sort, but the foundation of is the complement of woman. Man is a her education must be spiritual. Her positive force of life, woman the nega­ heart must be fed during childhood and tive. Man and woman, therefore, joined girlhood with spiritual thoughts. Then by holy wedlock, make up a harmonized she will grasp their intellectual ideas and whole. But the wedlock must be holy concepts in a twinkling— much more and that holiness of relation must be quickly than you can do, Mr. Man. kept up throughout the conjugal life. The holiness o f the wedlock is derived “ Woman in the East is still the pro­ from the recognition o f an affinity to duct of this old world’s philosophy of each other’s soul, for marriage is a soul- life. Woman in the modern West is a union o f two soul-loving souls. The reflex of an unnatural evolution of word marriage is desecrated when it is thought which has revolutionized the old applied to the union of two body-loving world philosophy. The old philosophy bodies. Married life is meant as a of life is founded on science, upon the means o f soul-culture and home is the science of life’s inner laws. The new school o f that culture. Hence, a Hindoo mode of life which the matter-mad mind wife is called “ saha-dharmini”— copart­ of the modern West has evolved is detri­ ner of man in religion. mental to the healthy growth of woman­ hood’s natural virtues. The arbitrary Man represents the positive intellect, mixing up of the distinctive qualities and woman the negative heart. The intellect spheres of influence of the sexes which thinks, the heart feels. Man is made of the new West is revelling in and boast­ predominant intellect; woman o f pre­ ing of, is making it pay dearly for it, dominant heart. The intellect is reflec­ although it is generally unconscious o f tive ; the heart is intuitive, hence man is the havoc, so mad it is with that revel 16 EAST AND WEST and that boast. The result is that the natural. It is a homage paid to her intellectually developed woman in the physical self. May I ask why a man West is trying to do all that man can do should respect a woman more than a and is fast forgetting her own distinctive woman respects a man? Why should qualities, her own spheres of work and there not be an equality of respect ? Why burying her divine instincts of the heart should a man serve a woman with ser­ under the rubbish of purely intellectual vices which that woman accepts from attainments. You may say there are him as legitimate homage due her and bright woman authors and writers whose never dreams of rendering to him the works betray qualities Ijoth of heart and same service or any part thereof? head. That shows that they have suc­ These questions are awkward for an ceeded in retaining their heart-individu­ Oriental to ask of his Occidental brother. ality. They are very inconvenient, too, for they In the East this heart-education can never be answered, and they point to through religion from childhood has de­ the insincerity of his homage, because of veloped the all-round womanly woman its unnaturalness. through all the ages. The degradation Yet, for all that, the intuition inherent of woman in the East is a myth born of in woman in this country has enabled the West’s profound ignorance of the her to read through man’s flattery of inner life of the East and partly attribut­ her, and, in most cases, she has retained able to the misrepresentation of that ami­ her spiritual individuality in spite of all able friend of ours, the Christian mis­ the odds of materiality being against her. sionary. Speaking for India, I can She it is who has kept the altar of boldly say that the Hindoo women enjoy religion burning in spite o f the matter- a higher status and regard from men madness o f the men. It is woman who than women do in this country. If is keeping up the churches in America women are worshipped in any country and the name o f God alive still by the with a sincere worship it is in India. fire of her faith. Woman has always The reason of her worship is her well- been the high priestess o f religion and developed qualities of soul and heart. she is so still, thank heaven, East or She is regarded as a divinity because of West, North or South. All that the her essentially spiritual nature. She is American women need to do now is not loved, not for her physical charms, but to forget their world-old “ job,” but let for her soul. She is the queen of her every one of them keep to it, get busy in husband’s home and heart. it and draw their men into the eddy of The worship of women in the West their enthusiasm of it. If Christianity generally, of which so much fuss and appeals to her, let her take it up and let boast is made, is mostly insincere and un­ her heart plunge into its very soul.

GouMteimihnmejnift

By Mary F. Munroe

If solid happiness we prize I’m glad there are no bars nor bans Within our home the jewel lies. To loving hearts and willing hands; The world has little to bestow— I’m glad for memory that brings From our own selves our joys must flow. Close to the heart the dearest things. Our portion is not large, indeed— ’Twere banqueting on crust and bone— But then how little do we need? To live on earth and live alone. In this the art of living lies— From human shams, oh keep me free— To crave no more than may suffice. Be thou my guide— Simplicity! Frenzied Finance

By ROSE REINHARDT ANTHON

N TH ESE days when the wealth of na­ cumulated wails of many hearts that tions is grasped in the palms of a few learned in the days of frenzied finance I men; when one man often possesses in that poverty is a crime and that dignity his own right a large proportion of the in the business of money-making is to be circulating money of the nation; when decried as old-fashioned and out of date. his income extends into the many thou­ The small busines man of today is sand dollars a day, perhaps hour; when swallowed up in the octupus that stretches the giant that stands head and shoulders its many legs into the areas of the busi­ over his fellow man, is the man of ness world; and the man who tries to boundless wealth; when our country is hold on bravely against the onslaught in danger of forming castes o f money of the new passion for getting rich in a instead of castes of intellect, genius and hurry falls by the wayside and is soon spirituality; when such a condition is, lost sight of altogether. Let him try to then must it of necessity mean that the carry on his ideas of business in the burning qestion of the day is, “ How to ways of his father, and lo, from all get money and how much can one get?” sides a blank wall will confront him and At such a time the air is full of desire im­ crowd in upon him until nothing but material gain. It crowds upon the mind ruin will stare him in the face. against our say so. It prints itself upon The conditions being such, what is our consciousness without our consent; the wonder that all the atmosphere throbs it beats itself upon the drums of our ears and palpitates with the fear of poverty until its vibrations become even as the and the desire to guard against it, to even roar of thunder. It writes itself in add up the treasures of earth at the risk letters o f fire upon the firmament of our of having them rust and fall away when understanding. we cease our sojourn here to enter upon You read in the eyes of your father, our wanderings elsewhere. “ Work, rest husband and brother the anxiety to pro­ not night or day until you put aside cure it in great amounts; you see the enough for old age.” That is the motto fear of its lack on the man in the car that the father gives his son, and the before you. You understand the deep mother echoes it to her daughter with— lines hewn on the brow are the outcome “ Be sure the man you marry has enough of it, and you catch it in the uncertain to keep you now and in the future,” And voice of the young clerk selling a yard of none can blame either the father or mo­ silk at a counter . In the thin, pathetic ther for such advice to their loved ones voice of a working woman past the when to be without a home means im­ blooming age of thirty you recognize its prisonment and to be poor is to be hated vibration; in the quivering voice of the and shunned even as were the lepers of cynic you sense it, and even in the eager old. Each day we read of men and look of the advanced scholar who knows women, old and young who with a few the bygone days of books are left behind dollars still in their possession commit to soon go forth and put to use for money suicide rather than face a world that which means livelihood, the learninor of never smiles on the poor and never gazes those days. with kind pity on poverty. Yea, the cry of “ money, money,” to This wave of money-madness has eat and clothe and live, is the great howl, struck all classes of men and women. grown hoarse and coarse by the ac­ Few are left of the thinking classes, of

17 18 EAST AND WEST the philosophers of life who have been they know, too, that the normally active untouched by the materialism surround­ mind and hand, the sweet, strong indus­ ing them, overlapping and underlying try that can be likened unto the growth them. And these few, looking from the of the wheat and corn and fruits and without to the within, meditating in still goat and bird and flower and man him­ constancy on the basis of creation, smile self, will give him the abundance for his at the inconsistency of a man’s mistaken daily living. It is not so much what a ideas of the old adage that says— “ God man needs that makes him long for mere helps them who help themselves,” and money; it is what he sees his neighbors again— “ Consider the lilies of the field, have that makes him run mad for the they toil not neither do they spin, and yet possession of the god of materiality. I say unto you that Solomon in all his No mouth ever opened to the air of glory was not arrayed like one of these.” this world, but before it or with it, was Out of the knowable and fathomable created the sustenance to feed that life. these philosophers have come, not of their That is the eternal law, the immutable own seeking, into the unknowable and rule, upon which creation is based. The unfathomable, but made so by man’s knowledge of this truth that no need of distorted vision, again not of their own God’s creatures can present itself with­ seeking. They have brought with them out the supply to satisfy it, is the incor­ the garments that are incorruptible and ruptible garments and the indestructible the implements that are indestructible to implements which come to man as the bear them out, to tide them over on their inheritor of the earth and all that thereon earthly sojourn. They know that the dwells. So labor in these garments and worm falls close to the beak of the with these implements, and the imperish­ motherless nestling; that the lion’s cubs, able treasures, which are overlooked by scarce cooled from the warmth o f the those blind in their speed and haste to womb of the liness, will instinctively gain perishable treasures, shall be yours, find the water’s edge; that the trees and they shall come with all their po­ of the forest are grown into great tency about them and feed the body and towering masses of beauty untouched by mind. human cultivation. They know that the Christ worked as a carpenter while he fruit of the earth and the fruit of the formulated the Truth that was to revo­ trees hold in themselves the sustenance lutionize the Western world. But I of man ; that the egg of the fowl is food would safely say that he worked with for the fowl. They know that the king­ less mad haste and less hours too than dom of earth hath the wherewithal to does the money-fanatic o f the day. And sustain its children; that the heaven it is said his body bloomed with health hands its kindly beam of silver when the and was of splendid proportions and good gold of its sun is withdrawn; that the to look upon. And if we could know, I rains kiss the parched earth when the sun should say he ate of Nature’s food and has burned and baked its breast. They that the house wherein he lived was sim­ know that the wild ass finds suck for its ple and lowly. Yet a King He was, a young even in the small oasis of the burn­ King of earth, a God of Heaven, and he ing desert. They know that a willing never advocated the speed of hustling hand can make the tilled earth to bring that has given birth to frenzied finance forth wheat and corn to make bread ; and of the Western world.

Life itself is the Bible and the Vedas. T h e knowledge of the laws of that life is religion; to live a life in accord with those laws is to be religious. T h e effect of that life is spirituality, and the reward of that living is Love.— Baba Bharati. T h r o u g h A ILame

BY MARY WALTON

Etchings by Maud Lalita Johnson

4 (O A L A A M , Memsahib, baksheesh ter, for here one can mingle with ^ dow. Salaam, Memsahib, bak­ these brown-eyed Orientals and jostle sheesh dow,” (Good day, in the moving crowd. Madam, give me money). At my And did one ever see such a crowd! elbow is a brown mite of a boy Many are half-naked but entirely un­ clad in a narrow strip of loin­ conscious in their frank unconceal­ cloth, his face one broad grin and ment. The coolies trot by with their his hand extended for the expected weighted baskets on their head, wear­ dole of pice. This then is my greet­ ing nothing except a loin-cloth and ing and welcome from the narrow maybe a scrap of rag around their lane that winds its crooked length be­ head. Most of the men wear as trous­ fore my eyes. A fair exchange if ers a piece of cloth called a dhoti these small coins are an open ses­ which is a strip of white muslin five ame to the strange world I wish to yards long and one yard wide with a enter. But to gain admission I must narrow, colored border. This is walk, for the ubiquitous tram does not brought around the waist and fasten­ penetrate this narrow way and even ed in front, one end is drawn between our worthy Jehu, the Ghari (carriage) the legs and tucked into the waist­ driver, could not venture along some band at the back to form trousers, of its narrow turnings. All the bet- while the other end is pleated and left to hang in loose folds almost to the ground in front, forming a most comfortable and at the same time picturesque and becoming garment. Many wear no other clothing than this, but the Babus or gentlemen we see striding along usually wear a loose flowing shirt and shoes besides. They may also in the cold season— deceptive term—wear around their shoulders a chuddar or shawl. These shawls of soft wool or silk are gor­ geous in color, bright green, flaming yellow or scarlet. If plain they us­ ually have a beautifully hand-em­ broidered border of white. Here is a peculiarly exquisite one of soft wool the color of a Persian turquoise with a border design worked in fine, white silk knots like tiny seed pearls. Others are of plaids so vivid that I gasp in admiration at the daring com­ binations of purple and scarlet or orange and green. And they are drap­ “Salaam, Memsahib, baksheesh dow” ed only as an Oriental can drape

19 20 EAST AND WEST them, the ends flung carelessly over and her costume which is a combina- the shoulders, each fold a work of ation of both English and Indian dress, art, each line an artistic triumph. but being neither one thing or the other is hopelessly ugly and clumsy. The women are dressed even more The W estern attire is so unsuited to simply and gracefully than the men them,, so manifest an affront to the in a cloth called a sari of the same size eternal fitness of things that one is as the dhoti but with broader border. forced to admit that they are unnat­ This is fastened around the waist and urally and above all unbecomingly one end is draped over the head and shoulders, one garment thus serving the purpose of skirt, blouse and hat. Just ahead of me are walking several Hindoo women, two older ladies and four young girls of eighteen years or less, beautiful as a pictured procession of maidens on a Grecian vase. They must have just come from a bath in sacred Mother Ganga, for their long waving hair is still wet and they are carrying on the upturned palm of the right hand a polished brass vessel of Ganges water. Their forms not wholly concealed by the drapery are almost classically pure in outline, and their faces of that fine and indescribably lus­ trous complexion of deep cream are del­ icately cut as a cameo. The eyes shaded by wonderful, long, curling lashes, are a dark velvet brown. The last young woman is of the rarest beauty, not a trace of a line on the childlike softness of her face, yet she carries astride her hip a chubby, naked baby, and by her side skips a little girl of four whose straight little body knows no covering except a narrow silver chair around the waist, with a small, heart-shaped bangle hanging in front and some jingling anklets on her feet.

But in spite of their nudity, never once do these people seem unclothed. Whether it is because of :heir naive “The coolies trot by with their weighted unconsciousness or the color of their baskets on their head, wearing a loin­ skin which ranges from deep chocolate cloth and, maybe, a scrap of rag brown of the lower classes to the around their head.” creamy gold of the high-caste Brahmin, the fact remains that they always ap­ clothed, even though their bodies are pear properly and naturally clothed. entirely covered. It is our natural Strangely enough the only ones who dress and is suited to us but not to form an intrusion and a blot on the these lithe-limbed Orientals. What scene are the Anglicised Babu with his clothes of English cut, collar, tie more grotesque contrast than that and all, and the Native Christian group of little boys in the door­ woman with her stockings and shoes way opposite, one dressed like THROUGH A CALCUTTA LANE 21

a little Sahib, the others in bargain and carries her purchase away Nature’s own garb. I agree with in a little cornucopia made of large Mark Twain that a strip of twine and dried leaves pinned together with tiny a smile are the most appropriate cos­ stems. As we turn we almost jostle tumes for these little brown babies into a coolie who is nicely balancing with sparkling eyes. on his head an enormous basketful of earthen jars. Alas, a kite has seized But I am missing some interesting this opportune moment to swoop down sights just before my eyes. Right at and steal one of the little maid’s sun­ my hand, fronting onto the lane is a desh and is gone before she can cry sweetmeat shop which seems to be out in startled wonder. The lane is doing a thriving business and which lined with tiny shops, some contain­ just now has a strange customer who ing mountain heaps of flour and len­ takes up much room and seems to tils and rice and maybe a supply of have little desire to move on to make room for the gaily-draped little Hindoo maiden or the Memsahibjust behind her. It is one of the great, white, sacred bulls of Shiva, placid, mild-eyed, who has the right of way in any thoroughfare and who is just now receiving a portion of his daily meal from the shopkeeper. While the Hindoo maid is bargain­ ing for some square, white sweet­ meats called sundesh, I take a hasty glance around the tiny shop. In the center are tw o fires blazing in the mud ovens built in the floor. Over these are two great, round basins of boiling oil in which some puffy, white cakes called loochees are being fried. These loochees, which taste something like piecrust, are the bread of the up­ per class H indoo and are one of their principal articles of diet,' being eaten along with curries and vegetables. Near these the keeper squats, while around him are great brass trays piled high with sweets unknown to us, some snowwhite and cubical, others shaped into balls, or twisted into a network “Most of the men wear as trousers a piece of cloth called a dhoti brought around of rings of brilliant orange, and soak­ the waist and fastened in front. ing in sirup. These Hindoo sweets or Baboos wear a loose flowing bonbons are different from our West­ shirt and shoes besides.” ern candies but many of them are de­ licious. Sundesh is made from the coal or wood to be doled out a few curd of milk, mashed fine, sweetened lumps or sticks at a time. Here is an and flavored with treacle or sugar syrup oasis in the desert, a flower shop filled juice. Another sweet is made from with heavy garlands of fragrant jas­ grated cocoanut and treacle. A favorite mine or roses and yellow marigolds dainty, also, is the juice of the mango which is dried and made into flat sheets and stiff nosegays of roses set in a like brown leather. circle of green leaves with a knot of tinsel in the center. These garlands are My little Hindoo girl has made her used in religious ceremonies and are 22 EAST AND WEST also presented to guests as a delicate image. His head is finely shaped and tribute of hospitality. his features are strikingly handsome and his eyes deep and glowing. An Across the street a little group has odd, creepy feeling steals up and down gathered and I pause to find the ob­ my spinal column as I gaze on this ject of their interest. At first glance Y ogi staring unwinking into some dim I thought it was some distorted crip­ distance where I cannot peer. Slowly ple but soon find it is a Hindoo the head of this gray statue turns and Fakir sitting erect and motionless as flashes a glance upon me from those though carved from stone. He is wonderful, piercing, dreamv eyes. The draped in a yellow cloth which partly brilliant, dark orbs seem to dart from conceals his posture, but his right leg his head as he turns on me a search­ ing look that surely reads my hidden thoughts. No change ruffles the calm of his face, but is it a glance of compas­ sion I see in those luminous eyes as he raises his hand in a blessing on the white Memsahib?

I pass on wholly mystified only to be brought down to earth with a jolt as I almost stumble over a shoemaker and his shop, both occupying a space a yard square on the mud-paved street. The shoemaker is a bright­ eyed lad of twelve, wearing a narrow loin-cloth and a bit of dusty rag wrapped, turban-fashion, around his head. His shop is a soiled canvas bag containing his entire outfit which con­ sists of a last, an awl, a knife, some twine and wax, a few small pieces of unused leather of inferior quality and an assortment of pieces of worn and discarded shoes. With thise slender means our young cobbler is able to carry on a lucrative business of per­ haps fifteen cents a day. Before him are a pair of very heavy low shoes very much out at the sole. His prac­ ticed eye measures the size of the hole and his judgment decides that a strip of worn leather will be quite good enough to mend such disreputable looking footgear. He swiftly nits and adjusts the patch and then proceeds “Carrying on the upturned palm of the right to prepare the thread for sewing It. hand a polished brass vessel of Ganges water” He is at present sitting flat on the ground with both feet extended is bent around behind his neck in such in front of him. He unwinds several a way that his right foot rests on the strands of thread, sits on one end of left shoulder. His shaven head, face them and draws the threads between and body are powdered gray with the big toe and second toe of the ashes which gives a still more weird right foot, wraps it around the big and unnatural look to this human toe and brings it across to the left THROUGH A CALCUTTA LANE 23 foot, draws it up and commences to and light of step, glide along noise­ rub and twist the thread briskly be­ lessly, except for the tinkle of the tween his two palms, waxing them to anklets on their feet. One has ank­ make the strands adhere. His toes lets made of links of silver woven in­ are long and flexible making a good to a flexible band that fits over the top addition to the ten nimble fingers he of her foot, the other wears heavy already possesses. A few punches of rings of chased silver which do not the awl, some swift stitches and the quite meet around the ankle. They work is done, clumsily enough, and each wear plain silver rings on sever- the little cobbler is two pice (one cent) the richer. Shoes are used by the Hindoos, when used at all, as a protection to the foot when walking on the street, not as a necessary and indispensable article of apparel as with us. Owing to this practice one rarely sees an ill- formed foot. Instead they are often finely moulded with toes long and slender and extremely flexible. The space between the big toe and the other toes is almost as noticeable as that between the thumb and fingers. This is why they can wear with com­ fort the odd wooden sandals or kharam sometimes seen. The sandal is simply a flat piece of wood one-half an inch thick and shaped like the sole of the foot. It is raised from the ground by wooden supports and is held in place by a single wooden peg like a small spool between the great toe and its neighbor. These make a terrific clat­ ter in walking like the wooden geta of Japan. The coolies and lower classes are usually barefooted but the Babus have taken on the English custom of wearing shoes. They wear no socks in the hot season and discard their coarsely made shoes at the door of their rooms or of any sacred place such as a mosque or temple. An en­ trance to a mosque I just pass­ ed at the time of prayer presented such a motley array of shoes that I wondered how the owners could ever baby” find their rightful property, for they have no brass tags or checking system al of their toes. I have never seen to aid them in their search. the high caste Hindoo ladies wear­ With few exceptions the orthodox ing anklets, though the little girls Hindoo woman, whether of high or do so. One little maid of my ac­ low caste, wears no covering on her quaintance wears anklets trimmed feet, even when she ventures out from with a fringe of tiny silver balls on her home. T w o coolie women, lithe delicate chains which jingle prettily 24 EAST AND WEST as she walks. I quite coveted them putting the dust on his own head. for bracelets, for they were of just the If by some ill chance he happens to right size. She also has toe-rings to touch a superior in rank or age with match, with a tassel of silver balls his foot, the offender at once craves on them. pardon by taking the dust of the Speaking of footgear, I might add other’s feet. that to the Hindoo one of the most But all this is a digression and in the disgraceful punishments imaginable meantime the picturesque pageant in is to be beaten with shoes. “Ha, in the little lane moves on and I must thou son of an unlucky mother, I leave before I have yet reached the end will give thee sixty shoes for thy of it. “ Salaam, Memsahib, baksheesh pains,” is a threat that holds within dow,” whines a beggar by my side, my it the deepest insult possible, a sense welcome and farewell from the little of ignominy beyond the comprehension world of the lane. Ah, yes, but of the Western imagination. But have I not found out long ere this though shoe-beating is considered that though baksheesh may gain such a disgrace, yet the very dust of me some little glimpse of the outer the feet of a holy man is considered world o f the lane, it can never pur­ sacred, and the devout Hindoo “ takes chase me admission into the inner the dust of his feet” by prostrating world? The magic coin of sympathy before the holy man, touching the alone is potent enough to open wide latter’s feet with his hand and then those doors to me.

Tlhe By “ Redfather” ONG ago, long before our race lived light and my soul is soothed, but my in this beautiful country, before the eyes are too weak to see it or understand. L buffalo roamed on our American When I hear the boughs rub on the plains, before our riveis cut their way trees, when all is still and the leaves rus­ down our mountains, before the days of tle, rustle, rustle in their melancholy way, Ancient Rome and all European civiliza­ it seems the light o f God is near to me, tion ; so many years have come and gone and I am in ecstasy, but I cannot see it since then, that they cannot be counted or understand. by men, but in that time I feel that I When I hear the breezes murmur and knew the Hindoo Race and their teach­ see the tall grasses on the prairies sway­ ings. ing, swaying, swaying in the moon But I was not as good as those with beams; it is a lullaby that puts me into whom I lived, and when they passed be­ ecstasy and I know while I am in that state, that the light o f God is near, but yond to higher spheres I was left alone I cannot see it or understand. and I became a lost soul and a wanderer. When I hear the great waters roaring, I lost the spiritual light that I once knew roaring, roaring against tne beach and I and since that time— way back down the can see billow after billow, rolling, roll­ endless chain of ages my soul has been ing, rolling to I know not where, it puts searching it out. I strove for perfection me into ecstasy and I know that I draw so that I could find that lost light and near to God, but I cannot see Him or those good souls, but each time when I understand. came to their sphere, they had advanced Sometimes at night after I awake from and left me, by some strange fate behind. a peaceful sleep and my eyes open to see But at last on this earth I think I have the widespreading sky through my win­ found that light in Hindoo teachings. I dow pane, I spy a little star and it twin­ am so happy having found it, after kles, twinkles, twinkles as the pale moon searching it out for so long. wanes and the breezes chant a wordless When I hear the waters in the stream hymn to me, and put me into ecstasy and lapping, lapping, lapping, in the silence I feel that then I am near to God, but I of the night, I feel the rays of that lost cannot see Him or understand. Taira Devi*

BY A. CHRISTINA ALBERS

Illustrations by Mary J. H. Gartes

HE W A S a little sun-kissed maiden, failed to put their stamp deeply on with a complexion soft and mellow this daughter of old Hindu b lo o d - S like the Champack blossom that fills only one of the many that the vener­ the air with fragrance in the BaisakJ able house claimed. But thy are so month when the young year appears, numerous, these daughters of a Hindu and she had a pair o f eyes, this maid­ family, one can never, never know en, black and lustrous and fathomless them all; let us then be content with like the midnight sky at the time of Tara alone. Kali Poojah.§ You could look at She was five years old at the time them and look for o f which we were ever, and yet it would speaking, but she was seem you never saw very slight and ap­ all that they tried to peared to be less reveal. They spoke of than four. But her a great deep soul that dignity would have had seen ages and been sufficient for ages of pilgrimage, many a maid of they spoke o f a twenty. The cor- strong life that throbs ■ rectness of her gait, and heaves with the -IT- the calm grace of effulgence of being her movements were and holds so much apt to evoke a smile within itself that it from an on-looker, would fill many a they were so far be­ page to write all its yond her years. She lore: and again they had not practised any laughed so merrily, p h y sical exercises, these raven orbs, Tara at Study she knew not even that they seemed what they were. But like merry ripples on a great still lake. her ancestors had sat in meditation on She was a little Brahmin girl, only the Divine, with head erect, firm and very little. But she was the daughter motionless, and were doing so still. For of an old, old family, that hailed from in this ancient land ancestors are not all a the venerable ancient district of Nadia, thing of the past. The patriarch may where still there are men and women look down on five generations, and who even in these degenerate days see yet not consider it a very extraordin­ the Eternal face to face. They glory ary occurrence. in fasting and austerities, and their She presented a typical sight, this days are long in the land. little maiden, when with book in hand Fourteen generations of hereditary she squatted down to read—with back training had moulded the sons and erect as the palm tree that grows by daughters of the house to which Tara yonder lake; her finely modelled head Devi belonged, and fourteen gener­ so perfectly placed on those little ations of hereditary culture had not shoulders, bending slightly over the

•Devi is a title given to the women of the highest caste. tAn American lady, a native of San Francisco, who is residing now in Calcutta in the heart of the Hindoo Zenana doing stren- ous educational work for Hindoo girls for ten years. JMay. §The annual Kati festival cele­ brated during the new moon. 25 2(, EAST AND WEST book; her plastic little legs crossed up to the dear form of her mother, under her, securely covered by her oblivious to the heat, sky, kite and all. loose, flowing gown, one tiny crimson- And again when the hour of twilight tinted toe perhaps peeping mischiev­ comes, that strange hour when the ously from under the jealous folds drooping sun sends mystery into the that tried to hide it— it seemed she atmosphere, we see our little heroine was a poem and a little statue both in on her mother’s lap, with many little one. ones around her, all listening to a tale She lived in a large house; it was from one of India’s great epic poems, the Calcutta residence of the family— the Ramayana, a story such as was a house surrounded by a court with told to the little Indian daughters a a high brick wall around it, which thousand years ago, from which they gave it the appearance of a convent. have drawn logic for many centuries, In the house itself were the outer and which have done much to mold apartments and then the inner house. the character of the race. Or later, In the centre was a large open court, when her father, tired after a long aromd which shading balconies cooled day’s work, found com fort in the cool the adjoining rooms. The house was embrace of home, we see our little very old and c racked, it had seen maiden on his lap, with eyes aglow, many of Tara’s ancestors, and that is narrating the incidents of the day saying a good deal. But it teemed until the worries of life seem all so with life and from within came the little, seem all to melt away in the patter of little feet, and the sound of light of those glorious eyes. many youthful voices. It harbored As little Tara grew to be nearly many children, this ancient roof, six­ seven years old there was a consulta­ teen in all— all brothers and sisters. tion between her parents one evening, They might be called cousins in West- and they agreed their little daughter tern lands, second and third cousins must be sent to school. Accordingly the perhaps. But the Hindoo does not in­ proposition was laid before her grand­ dulge in such terms, they sound too mother the next day, who consenting cold, too far asvay from the heart. after a long discussion, our little Were they not all of one common an­ heroine was sent. The school carriage cestor? Why then make such dis­ called for her every day to take her tinctions? to the Mahakali Pathshalat- where They had merry times together, officiated the venerable Maharani these little ones, when after the heat Mataji, that austere sanyasini, who of the day they played together in the founded schools on strictly national large yard, or with two or three little lines, to retain in the women oi India maids like herself, Tara sought a that fine old character that has mold­ corner on the broad flat roof of the ed the race, and which modern educa­ house, telling stories and laughing tion is not half careful enough to pre­ merrily until the naughty dadas* ap­ serve. peared and spoiled it all for them, as Here she learned the mysteries of brothers will the whole world over. the Sanskrit alphabet, and to repeat She rose early in the morning, but when slokas orotund and rhythmic, in that the sun was high, the streets were de­ ancient tongue, which is the language serted under the noonday heat, when of the gods, the root of all known even the inevitable black crow sought languages and the only one which is the shade, and the big kite alone soar­ not ephomeral. She learned a little of ed upward into the hot still sky, send­ reading and writing in her mother ing its wierd melancholy cry down to tongue and a little less of figures. the world below, at that hot hour But she learned that which is worth we find our little maiden in a cool more, infinitely more than all the rest. corner of the house, cuddled closely She learned that the daughters of her

♦Elder brothers. tSchool. T A R A D E V I 27 race have to fill a mighty place, and py years passed before the little that they can attain it only by self- friends realized it. sacrifice and service. Ah! here lies But, alas, poor Tara, this is a world a great part of the secret of India’s of many tears, and into your sweet strength. And ye of the W est, who young life sorrow is about to enter. would condemn the systems of this For she whom you have chosen as land, learn first to understand the life’s fondest friend, she has been principles that have gone to build doomed to remain a few years only them. on this dust-clad star, the gods are She made many new friends at this calling her home to the place whence school, but one which touched the she came. heart more deeply than all others— Little Rani stepped up to her moth­ Rani they called her, and thus it came er one day with a strange tale. “ Moth­ about, their friendship. Rani brought er, I have read a new story from the a new pencil box to school one day Ramayana, come, let me tell it to and showed it around with great glee. you.” Tara saw it, and in her naturally “ Not to-day, my child, I shall be witty little way called out— busy. You may tell it another time.” “ You need not be so proud of your “ But I cannot wait, mother, I am old box; it costs five pice.” going to remain with you a short “ Ela, five pice,” came the quick re­ time only. Only three more days, joinder, “ you are going to have five- and I shall be taken from you.” pice father-in-law.” The unfortunate mother was over­ That was a dreadful insult, and come by consternation. She took her with tear-stained eyes the little insult­ child into her arms and tried to make ed girl told her tale to the Head Pan­ her promise never to say such a dit. Now the father-in-law’s house thing again. But little Rani was not is a standing joke among little Indian to be persuaded, and as she had pro­ girls,, and the learned Pandit, with a phesied, so it came to pass. On the twinkle in his eyes and a desperate following day her frail form was seiz­ effort to appear serious, informed ed by a violent fever, and on the them both that if they would only third day the house was merged in study well and be good little girls, sorrow, and the death wail arose in they would each have a rupee father- the room where little Rani closed the in-law. Then he made them sit beside lids over her beautiful black eyes each other for the remainder of the never to open them again. day and told them to try and make This tale may sound strange to friends. That worked like magic. The the reader, but it is a strange land, father-in-law incident was soon for­ this India. Like the snow-clad range gotten, and two little tongues kept of the mighty Himalayas, that seems busy while two sweet young lives to float in mid-air, so does this land blended together in a friendship deep of India seem floating in the ether, and lasting. And so deep became the midway between this world and that bond between them in time that they other that we dream of. Strange, promised the vow o f being Sakhi to too, it seemed to the writer of these each other, that is to say, the friend­ lines; it filled her heart with awe at ship that is never broken, and the the soul of this child, for she knew vow that can be given between two the maiden well and loved her. Nor only. Two hearts joined in that vow does it end here, this strange story. know no secret from each other, and On the days following Rani’s death, not even death has the power to her little sister was seen standing in sever it. isolated places, speaking with some­ Thus the days passed sweetly and body no one could see. And she was lengthened into years, and three hap­ heard to promise, “On the day after 28 EAST AND WEST to-morrow I will join you.” And boys. And the ambitious Memsahib, thus it happened. W hen the day who after much weary labour hopes came little Buri was seized by a to have her candidates shine on that violent fit, and before evening another auspicious day, arrives in school one little form was taken from the house morning to learn to her consternation to the Ganga riverside, where the that her most brilliant lights have ab­ flame was kindled that consumed her sented themselves, just perhaps a sweet young body, while her soul was month before this important event left free to roam through the realms is to occur. And where are they? of space together with the sister she They are eating sweetmeats in Ma­ had so longed to join. mar Bari, and as to your examina­ tions, Madam,— well, they are your And little Tara, how did she re­ affair, you may take care of them. ceive the news of the first great sor­ row that her young life knew? It It is difficult to adjust the Oriental was her mother who told her. Tak­ idea of education to that which the ing her little one away to a quiet West of the present day is producing. place, she took her on her lap, and The Hindu would call the latter a resting that sweet young head against system of memorizing. Education, her heart, the mother told her child according to Eastern ideas, is some­ that little Rani was for the world no thing that is to draw the whole na­ more. And against her mother’s ten­ ture nearer to the Eternal, to develop der heart Tara wept— wept the tears a deep-rooted logic that can conceive of her first grief, a grief that lingered the why and wherefore of being; an and that would follow her into the unfolding of the heart to understand years to come. the world the more, to understand spiritual existence the better and to She was so very sad that even the draw into its sympathy all life. Read­ naughty dadas stopped teasing her, ing and writing may or may not be but held her hand and spoke tenderly added. Thus were they educated, to her. Her parents feared the grief the women of the old school, who ex­ might undermine her health. They ercised great influence over their com­ could not, of course, send her to munities. But this is a world of school for a long time, for there she change and science is to do the work, would feel the absence of her friend transmit the knowledge, that was at the more. And so the mother got one time transmitted through the rock ready to take her little family to their temples (and the pyramids) through Mamar Bari. the ancient epic poems and traditions. And what is Mamar Bari? Ah, And now these people, ever slow to that is the place than which to an move and to yield to new impulses, Indian child there is none more dear. are standing at a cross-road— India is It is the maternal uncle’s house. The in a state of transition. It is danger­ mother was born and raised there, ous work, that of educating the wom­ and her little ones spend half their en at this critical period. The edu­ sunny childhood within its walls. cator must beware lest in the giv­ Here they are ever welcome, it is ing he may not cause more to be lost their second home, and it is a refuge, than he gives. To Westernize India’s a haven of rest throughout all life. daughters would mean ruin to the It is the terror of the modern educa­ race. And yet the old school is prac­ tionist, this Mamar Bari, for they tically gone. What is wanted is a find their pupils, particularly the girls, system combining the old heart-cul­ half the time absent from school on ture with the head-culture o f the account of it. Moreover, the Govern­ West: this is the problem that con­ ment schools under the present regu­ fronts the modern educationist. lation must send their candidates for But to return to Tara—to this annual examination, girls as well as Mamar Bari, this blissful retreat, T A R A D E V I 29 where she was taken. And here she male and female relatives on both was petted and indulged and overfed sides of the house have to take steps with sweetmeats until she became in the matter. And so it happened fretful, and got boils, and when that our little heroine was nearly through over-feeding and over-indul­ twelve years old before the matter gence they become quite unmanage­ was finally decided. Not that there able, these little tyrants, Mamar Bari was any want of suitors, but there sends them home to recuperate and was invariably something wrong. In get ready for the next visit. Thus one case the grandmother had had a amid affection and sweetmeats and cancer, in another one of the mother’s terms of fond endearment the little brothers did not bear a good character, Indian girl spends the sunny days of again the young suitor had failed in her childhood. last year’s examination. One there But there were serious discussion was who might have stood the test, in Tara’s maternal uncle’s house this but poor boy, he had no mother. time. Her grandmother looked at “ How can I send my daughter unto a motherless house?” called out Tara’s mother in despair, “who will pet my child, who will train her, if she has no mother-in-law ? ” They are pretty hard to please, these Indian ladies, and willing or not willing, the men must yield.

On one occasion one of Tara’s father’s cousins mentioned the name of a widower who was a gentleman of good standing and substantial means. But there was such an out­ cry in the Zenana that he was glad to get away and say no more on the subject. A man must be very poor and have many daughters before his wife will consent to give her child to one who has already known love. On another occasion, when all seemed favorable, the ladies discovered that he had a flat nose, and the suitor was again refused.

But after a long and weary search one was found who was satisfactory. There had been no hereditary ailments her long and earnestly and then she in his family for five generations; consulted with her husband and her for five generations there had not sons and her daughters and daughter- been a member of the house who in-law and her cousins and the many could not stand the severe Indian neighbors who came to visit her, and criticism as regards character; person­ finally wound up by calling the Ghot- ally he was intellectual, good-looking ki, that inevitable individual that can­ and young. As regards his social not be dispensed with when a girl position there was no question about passes her tenth year, for she it is it, no Hindu can marry his daughter who makes the matches. into a family beneath him in rank, But it is not an easy task, that of marriages are never made in the finding a husband for a girl. All the same Gotra.* He had father and

♦Caste division. 30 EAST AND WEST

mother and sisters and brothers, so itself in you.” And then there came the whole system was complete. a number of examples hoary with age, Evolution is collective in this land. of women of the past who had attain­ Marriages are not so much a question ed to great spiritual heights because of promoting happiness as one of ad­ no task had been too heavy to secure ding to the wellbeing of the commun­ the well-being of those they loved, ity, and the first consideration is sup­ until Tara’s young spirit rose with posed to keep that pure. The in­ pride and determination to be second dividual is trained to merge his per­ to none in nobility of life. sonality into the whole and sacrifice It is on these lines that the char­ his private interests to the caste to acter of the Indian race evolves. which he belongs. The duties before them may be great, At last arrived the eventful day the etiquette is always rigid, but when the prospective father-in-law, one must know these women at forty accompanied by several friends, came to see the result. They cast around to the house to see the little bride. them a strong sense of self-respect And we now find the little heroine that is not conscious of personal of our tale at the important task of merit, but which has been developed having her toilet made. Her grand­ by years of discipline in which not mother, and her mother, assisted by once the severe rules that regulates her aunts and several other ladies, their lives have been broken. Theirs were busy at decking her sweet form is not a life of servitude, but one of with pretty garments. And fair she self-sacrifice and cheerful service, such looked, this little damsel, in her flow­ as only the soul, trained in the Hin­ ing silken robes and rich gold orna­ du religion, can grasp, and which has ments. Women must be dressed as prepared for the race a highly supe­ their rank demands. It is a religious rior type of womanhood. It is the duty devolving on the Indian house­ women upon whom has developed holder to secure for wife and daugh­ the task of preserving the nationality ters suitable ornaments. And woe be­ of the land; but for them the Hindus tide him who fails in this duty, for is would have ceased to be a nation it not written in Manu’s Law of a house in which women are not honor­ through these dark cycles of suffering ed that such a house will fall? and hardships. But Tara received that which is But where is Tara? Ah, she is vastly more precious than silk or ready—ready to appear before her gold. She received words of counsel father-in-law. Filled with inspira­ and admonition which fell deep into tion of the future before her, the her soul. “Mly daughter,” said the flush of youth on her fair young grand-dame, “ you stand now at the face blending softly with the maid­ threshold of your new life. The enly shyness that lingered on her house in which you were born is not drooping lashes, she looked almost your real home, a woman must fol­ too fair for this world. A cloud- low her husband. Remember, you are fairy, it would seem, had slid down the daughter of an ancient race, four­ on a silver beam to see this earth teen generations look down upon you. just once. Among them there has not once been She entered with palpitating heart a woman who has failed in the per­ and was told to seat herself on a formance of her duty, who has not rug. She was already known to the served her husband and his people visitors, having visited in their houses. till she drew her last breath, ever They observed her closely, how­ praying for the boon to precede hus­ ever, and decided in their minds band and sons into death. Let the that her features were regular— the noble blood of your ancestors assert nose equiline, the mouth well curv- T A R A D E V I 31 ed, forehead not too high, etc., etc. one for the little bride, at least so it The Hindus are severe critics of would appear to the onlooker. But beauty, and that makes the selec­ the little Indian girl takes great pride tion of a bride often very difficult in all the ceremonies which she work. has to preform and the fast through the day that dare not be broken. All being agreeable, the prospec­ Nothing could induce her to take tive father-in-law wound up by say­ the smallest particle of food. And ing that he would consult his elder Tara went through the ordeal with brother about the matter, and he as much cheerfulness and as much consenting, the arrangements would pride as any little bride ever did. be made and the word would be Up with the dawn she rose, and the sent in a day or two. And word day seemed not a bit too long for her. was sent in due time, and all was settled. At 9 o’clock in the evening excite­ ment reached its height. “ The bride­ Next the horoscopes of the two groom is coming! ” This joyous young people was consulted, and it shout electrified the house. Every­ was found that their characters body wished to take a peep—every­ were fitted for each other. They body but the poor little bride her­ were both Dev-gan.* Tara was Bee- self who must sit complacently in a pra-burna, that is to say, one whose corner and wait and wait and prac­ touch meant blessing, and who would tice patience. attain to great spirituality, a Brah- mini of the soul as well as by right And gorgeously arrayed he came, of birth. the new son-in-law. Preceded by torchbearers and a band playing tne Now began a lively time in the bridal tune, he was himself seated on house. The goldsmith was sent a large platform borne on the shoulders for and orders were given for orna­ of eight stalwart coolies. He was re­ ments. The sari woman came daily ceived by the bride’s father and con­ with a new supply, and each time ducted to the seat of, honour, where selections were made. Cosmetics he remained quietly seated until the and perfumes and a hundred smaller auspicious moment arrived. The day toilet articles were procured. The of the marriage as well as the hour guests began to arrive from the in­ in which the nuptial tie is to be terior, for the wedding was to take bound, is always set by the astrolog­ place within a few days. Presents er, and the latter is invariably late exchanged daily between the two in the evening, sometimes past mid­ houses, servants, numbering as high night. It was 11 o’clock in our Tara’s as twenty, arrived carrying brass case. The ceremony is very long, trays on their heads, which con­ usually lasting some hours. It be­ tained gifts of sweetmeats, fruits, gins with the bridegroom and the saris, veils, etc. They received their bride’s father, but the most impres­ meals each time they came, and oh, sive part of it commences when the how busy everybody was. Then little bride appears. came the day of the ceremonial bath, for which her future mother-in-law And so she did appear, our charm­ sent the unguents. This day preced­ ing little heroine, seated on a small ed the wedding-day. Meanwhile square wooden board, on which, in little Tara was half giddy with excite­ Sanskrit, words of good augury were ment in expectation of the life before written. She was clad in rose col­ her. oured silk and gauze from the top of The wedding-day is a very trying her stately head to the tip of her

♦The Indian astrologers divide characters into three divisions, Dev-gan, Nur-gan and Rakush- gan. Of these Dev-gan is the highest. People belonging to different divisions will not agree in marriage. 32 EAST AND WEST little crimson-tinted toes, just a goddess. held a candle so that they might The bridegroom stood erect, facing see each other well, and joked, of the East, and the ladies— seven in course, while he did so, for they must number, all relatives of the bride— stand tall on their wedding-day, neither now took part in the ceremony. They of them dare say a word. walked around the bridegroom in pro­ And our little Indian maiden, how cession headed by the bride’s mother, did she feel at this first glance? At all carrying little bundles of sticks first she was quite timid, she dared burning with a bright flame, and not lift her eyes, but being urged on looked as if they were going to set by him who held the candle, she their gauzy garments on fire at any looked up. Yes, she looked up, and moment. But they did not, nor ever she saw gazing into her own two do, for although it looks dangerous— deep black eyes, eyes that seemed to this fire in the hands of chatting, speak to her of ages long ago, ages smiling little ladies— the Indian wom­ when in other forms she had walked en have such an easy way of moving this earth again and again— again about that the Vedic fire is quite and again to be united to him who safe in their hands. stood before her as her husband now. And now at last came the little A thrill of delight went through the

Tara’s Bridegroom Riding to Her Father’s House in Wedding Procession bride’s turn. Carried by three of her maiden’s young heart, she saw the relatives she was borne around the future stretched out before her smil­ bridegroom seven times. And then ing and happy, for he was no stranger came the great moment of her life, to her, he was the Lord of her soul, for now for the first time they who part of her being. It was the training were to walk the road of life together of the Hindu character that asserted were to look into each other’s eyes. itself. It is not a question of dis­ A large shawl was suspended over covering mutual attraction by pre­ their heads, held at each corner by vious contact, but that love must an attendant. Her maternal uncle find its own in the depth of the soul. T A R A D E V I 33

And he who gazed at her, what did house. Veiled in gauze and silk, he experience? How often in after adorned with rich jewelries, she sits life did he not tell her all that he had on an artistic throne beside her young felt that moment, that he had discov­ husband. It seems the doors of fairy­ ered in her as she did in him, the land had opened— a Cinderella outfit comrade of the soul throughout all indeed. But modesty must be her ages until the Great Silence is greatest jewel, and the little girl-bride reached. looks the more charming because of This ceremony over they return to her drooping lashes and slightly bent the priest, who performed again num­ head. The band precedes as on the erous rites, each one of which had day of the bridegroom’s coming, and reference to the different stages of slowly the procession moves. life that are to be passed through. It was nearly evening before Tara’s When they arose their garments were marriage procession reached its des­ knotted together, and thus they went tination, and it was her eldest sister- to the inner apartment. Here they in-law, her husband’s eldest brother’s were received by the female guests wife, who received her. The con­ who greeted them and met the bride­ veyance having entered the court, groom with unveiled faces, for this away from the gaze of the curious is the day on which there is no crowd, she came and carried her little restraint. new sister-in-law into the house; for The marriage is, however, only a she must not cross the threshold un­ betrothal, and the young people aided who enters her new home. are not left without a chaperone dur­ Would she be so little welcome as ing the short time that they are to­ to have to walk into the house? Here gether, and they must observe the again numerous ceremonies awaited strictest etiquette. her, all indicative of the life before her. Little Tara went through it all with downcast eyes. On the day fol­ There were festivities and many lowing the marraige, she was taken guests in her honour, and it seemed to her new home to be formally in- as if the gaities would never end. introduced to her husband’s—now her The following day the little bride sat in state, and many were the own—people. Again that picturesque visitors that came to see her. All ride on the canopied platform, car­ ried on the shoulders of coolies. This blest her and called on Heaven for her future happiness, while ever she time they sat together, whose young sat with downcast eyes and spoke lives had been joined. not, her veil half drawn over her A more charming picture cannot be pretty face. imagined than that of a young bride being taken to her father-in-law’s [To be concluded]

HifiidLisis A P ra y e r

By Maud Lalita Johnson

In dreams and fancies oft I see And faces, too, of dusky brown A stretch of land o ’er the Western Sea, That loving look into my own, And forests deep and azure sky With hands outstretched in warm desire And rivers bold and mountains high— With eyes aglow and hearts afire This land unknown— ah, yet I know They call me now— oh let me go ’Tis India, my India. To India, my India! H in d o o Pfreatclheirs nun Ameiracsi

By ADELIA BEE ADAMS

MONG the hetrogeneons assort­ tent elixir, slowly struggles to renewed A ment of passengers carried east­ life and consciousness. ward from American shores on the Even the ministers have been gradual­ S. S. Minnesota in September of 1907, ly enlarging their thought-field, some of was one whose appearance was as unique them going so far as to step perceptibly as would be that of some rare and bright- outside the narrow paths of orthodoxy plumaged tropical bird alighted amidst a and custom, and to preach a broader and flock of barnyard fowls. more comprehensive doctrine. A few, And because of the going of that dark- who have recognized in the old Vedic-re- skinned, dark-eyed, yellow-turbaned, and ligion the very essence o f what our own yellow-robed native of the Orient, on that Oriental Christ came on earth to teach, bright September day, many Americans have frankly broken away from creed were sad, for in his departure they were limitations and are boldly preaching un­ loosing one who, to them, had indeed been der a more liberal banner. These, of guide, philosopher and friend, and more, course, do not entirely escape missiles much more than that phrase usually sig­ “ fired” at them by those who prefer to nifies, for he, a Hindoo of Hindoos, com­ remain in the old complacent grooves, ing to them almost straight from the In­ but they have the approval o f the dian jungles, had, by his love-magnetized thinkers. personality, set the eternal seal of his The ethics of the beautiful and scien­ spirit upon all with whom he had come tific philosophy of the Vedas are being into intimate contact in this Western gradually infused into old dogmas, with land. the result that there is noticeably more So today, because of the return to life and power in the sermons of the America of the Hindoo Baba, there is ministers and more spiritual awakening rejoicing in the hearts of thousands who among the laymen. And not only among already knew him, as there will be un­ church people is this spiritual stir ob­ doubted anticipatory pleasure in the served ; persons who had not before be­ minds of many who had not formerly come interested in matters religious, hav­ the opportunity to meet him and profit ing come in contact with the logical by his personal efforts to introduce to teachings and lovable personalities of the Western understanding his vast, yet sim­ Oriental exponents of the laws of life, ple world-old philosophy of life, illum­ and found them to be the laws o f Love ined by his own deep spirituality. — which means also the laws of God, hav­ Since the advent of some of these earn- ing been aroused thereby to the longing est-souled Hindoo preachers, and Baba for spiritual truth which exists, con­ Bharati in special, there has been grow­ sciously or dormant, in every heart, have ing throughout the West a pronounced joyously continued to seek and to grow tendency to seek below the surface for in the new-old way of unfoldment. That the vital principle of things. In the this is true the current literature o f the churches there has been a stir, an ani­ country, as well as the rostrums, give mated effort, as of one who has been near ample evidence. to death, but who, revived by some po­ Few men of the West have been gifted

34 HINDOO PREACHERS IN AMERICA 35 with the eloquence and clear logic, com­ each presided over by an Oriental Gooroo bined with the personal magnetism of for the propagation of that part of Hindoo features illumined with the light and philosophy known as the New Vedanta; power of the Spirit within, as have been but not until Baba Bharati came— the two Hindoo preachers— Swami Viueban- latest comer to the West, of the Hindoo aud and Baba Bharati— whose very per­ teachers— was the original Vedanta giv­ sonality attracts men’s souls to God. en us in all its subtle, glorious and an­ And our literature has had no such valu­ cient philosophy. Through the path of able contributions from Western thought Absolute Love—Prem Bhakti— he would as their writings; setting forth as they do, in the clearest and simplest English, lead all who will follow along that path, the whole philosophy of life as it is to the attainment of the highest Bliss; a taught in the Oriental scriptures. Bliss which, he says, may be realized in Modestly established in various parts this life— here and now— for “ The king­ of the United States are little schools, dom of God is within you.”

Tlhx© Toptnmosit T©pi©

By BABA BHARATI

HE dynamiting of the “ Los Angeles the wrong thinking worse and worse Times” building is now the topmost The Trusts are the result of the love T topic and deserves to be so for high living. The Trusts accomplish their many months. But in this eddy merciless objects by means of money, of roaring events whose name is silently, respectably. The men withou America, the eddy into which even the Trust’s money, but fired with the de the most phenomenal events sink sire of the Trust’s self-aggandisement and disappear after circling around it for at any cost of their fellowmen, accom a moment’s while, in this surging ocean plish their objects through vengeance. of reckless, resistless, unthinkable human The inhumanity of the “ Times” disa- activity whose mountainous waves swal­ ter crazes the thinker of it. Gen. Otr low one another in a wink, in this land its chief proprietor, is a multi-millionaire of the newest world whose every morn­ a hard-worker, a person of indomitable ing’s news is ancient history in the after­ mind-force. He will survive his half mil­ noon, it is a wonder that this world-ap­ lion of loss in property, much of which palling catastrophe has kept excitement may be insured or all. He has alread fanned up for even these two weeks. Yet survived it along with the “ Times” this appalling catastrophe has been called which came out, Phoenix-like, from the an outrage, how mild the Americans are ashes the very morning of the outrage at times! It is, however, the right word And it is rapidly regaining its full shape in the right place. It is a country a*; and life. But the charred remains c much of awe-inspiring enterprises as of twenty innocent lives, blown into atem such blood-curdling catastrophes. Events and burnt in the flames, kindled by tb like the dynamiting o f the “ Times” are dynamite, are real trophies of the human common, almost natitral I was going t~ hell-hounds who perpetrated the dee ’ say. But I have found a better word They knew these only would suffer. The1' than that. It is normal, just the normal knew the Times could not be killed, the outcome of an evolution of few-fangle ’ building would rise again soon enough, ideas of life born o f violent vilitions of a grander structure, the business would matter-crazed mind. This craze per­ thrive as ever. It is to kill these human vades all strata o f human society in the lives only they put in the dynamite. domain o f that I call the new civilization The moral issue of the catastrophe ?■ which is rapidly developing the taste 'of greater than even the consideration c r high living and wrong thinking. The the catastrophe, so cruelly killed innocent wrong thinking is for the high livin' human life and all. It is a horror greater and the taste of the high-living make (Continued on page 38) TIbe U nexpressed!

By HENRY CHRISTEEN WARNACK

LL philosophy seeks to discern the as though the degrees were received from relation between what is known to an external source. A be finite and what seems to be abso­ There are many reasons why a person lute. The world is perpetually at work in who has reached advanced growth may an endeavor to comprehend the relation not speak except in parables. Often the of the individual to the whole. An answer Spirit breathes its parables through un­ that will satisfy the consciousness of all conscious instruments. Others are aware persons is impossible, for the reason that of a great consciousness and are lawful in this eternal question is the issue of the in­ its expression. They delay any necessity dividual, and facing it is the one fact of for abrupt translation to another plane or being which forces advancement. The for confusion o f the personality through answer must be original with each be­ transmigration upon this plane. cause there are no words in which one George Du Maurier’s Martian and his intelligence could possibly convey such Peter Ibbettson are betrayals, but they an inspiration to the intelligence of an­ are within the law, because in the Mar­ other. tian the principle o f the north sense and in Peter Ibbettson the principle of the Man is a unit, but God is unity. As conscious astral are concealed in such a the individual approaches the conscious­ manner as to become suggestive and in­ ness of unity he finds himself in greater spirational. The same thing is true of and greater need of consistency. There every novel, poem or essay of this char­ comes a time with all seekers when they acter by any author. The person re­ dare not go on until they are established duced through his own issues to the base in that symmetry of character which will necessity of written expression is never bear the great light. At such a point permitted to transgress the law of func­ there will beat upon the soul waves from tional impulse. The minute this crisis the vast and eternal sea of being of such is passed he ceases to manifest upon this a power that the brain cannot compre­ plane. He has a right to teach or to hend the experience. It is then that the write in a way that inspires functional consistency of the support between body impulse, but he can go no farther. If and spirit is put to the last test, and that he attempted to do so, this token of ir­ we teach those things which flesh and responsibility would put him to hopeless blood have not revealed. confusion, and the world would not cred­ In the stillness the soul speaks. W e it his sanity. hear the voice of Self. W e may think The only word which can teach is that that it is the voice of another or the voice word which arouses within the unit some of many others, but in reality it is only of the power of its own consciousness. that true Self speaking to us and through That is the value o f all form. To know us. The Self has the power of the high­ the names and places o f all stars is not est initiations, but the Self conditions to know the astrology of Self. To know the earning of these initiations, exactly logic is not to know the terms of that as an extraneous delegate might do, and process which is the Self. The astron­ the order is as distinct and is as recog­ omy and the logic which lead a man to nizable to its own and to higher orders the within, so that he will discover his 36 THE UNEXPRESSED 37 own issues, is the teaching that is legiti­ times the slightest bit of envy on your mate. This is what is wanted by the own part, because he has seen and ex­ functional use of form. pressed that richer portion of you which The wise teacher and the great mas­ you have failed to recognize and reveal ter must not only avoid anything un­ for yourself. His faculty of relating the seemly or spectacular, but he must be within to the without is a reproach to concealed in terms easy to the under­ you. standing of all and especially recogniz­ It often happens that we feel some able by those who are endeavoring to impatience with those who arouse the put their lives upon a plane o f Spirit. very best within us. The man or the wo­ The most he can do for any pupil or for man who stirs us to the center of our any candidate is to suggest some words being nearly always is confronted by our and forms which will indicate to the pu­ impatience and restlessness, when we pil his own position and which will in­ should meet them with joy and with spire in the candidate the impulse to gratitude. The very fact that they see function. It is something like going to and reflect that beauty and strength of a dictionary for the meaning o f a word. us which we fail in some degree to ex­ All that we discover is the correspond­ press for ourselves, causes us to experi­ ences of the word. Its origin, its in­ ence a certain sense of annoyance in their herency and the process o f which it is a presence. term can never appear. They are not Two things are to be remembered printable. They would be as much of a about those who assume a great deal. betrayal as the most extravagant an­ One is that we can never know how nouncement o f a member of the highest much they conceal. The other is that order. Yet every word contains all of every person is responsible for his an­ the mystery and the significance o f form nouncement of universal law. It is im­ and spirit, and to fix the attention under- possible that a man should make an as­ standingly upon any word would give sumption that he will not have an op­ the growing consciousness a key to the portunity and a necessity to demon­ within. strate. He is not teaching, advising or We sometimes meet with people who leading you. He is simply instructing at once delight and perplex us. They himself, and if he has not lived to the suggest a world of richness and power level of his assumption, he is forecasting to us and then seem to shut the door of the path which he, himself, is to tread. heaven in our faces. There are many rea­ sons for this and none of them appear No man ever uttered a great principle on the surface. It frequently happens but that it immediately became his own that one person in the presence of an­ issue. There is an awful responsibility other will be aware o f the subjective con­ in dealing with the doctrines o f life, and sciousness o f both. Such persons recog­ every teacher is brought to a hasty and nize all that lies in the inner mind of fearful recognition of this great truth. their own selves and of us. W e are al­ The minute a man assumes a point touch­ ways fascinated by the truths and the ing the deeper mysteries of being, he beauty they reveal to us. W e are held places himself in the attitude of the man breathless by their vision because, in a who borrows money from a bank on dim way, we realize that we are viewing sound collateral. His body, his mental­ the reflection of our own souls. ity and his soul are back of every an­ nouncement he makes and he will have The truth is, such a man does show every word of it to demonstrate, as truly you your own soul, plus all that is strong as a man will be forced to return to a and beautiful in his own. His expression bank the money he has borrowed on good is the flower o f his genius and o f your security. We are judged by every idle own. It possesses all the ardor and all word and when we treat with the higher the fineness o f you and himself. His orders we are dealing with life in a sense vision is the image within your heart and so responsible that it is impossible for the his. After he has left you, there is some­ brain to comprehend it. 38 EAST AND WEST Many times the teacher, in a flash of tion and expression, who did not veil the revelation and in a moment of inspira­ true idea with great subtlety of term and tion, will declare that wisdom and that who did not conceal vastly more than glory which he has not yet demonstrated ever he revealed. For this reason Walt in his own personality, but his announce­ Whitman announced that better than to ment positively commits him to that express the best is to leave the best un­ growth which lies within the fullest said. demonstration of all that he has spoken. The master conceals what is precious It is the way of the soul that leads him. for two reasons. One o f these is that It is the light of his feet, and if no one revelation is always personal and original in the world shall understand him, or if and cannot be expressed to the intelli­ all the world shall doubt him, his vision gence of others. The other is that the remains his own issue and his own in­ only value of any form or o f any term spiration, and its satisfaction is certain to is its inspiration through suggestion. It be the outcome of his being. is impossible to consider the spirit of any Sooner or later every life proves its term without being led into personal own utterance to the last letter. The revelation and into the most precious and courageous life beholds the far vision and eternal knowledge. As we approach the declares the radiant word, regardless of center for the Self and earn the initia­ what any other in the world may think tions o f the Self we are able to under­ concerning him. stand that the most indirect expression If you are perplexed by what a beau­ of any truth is a betrayal. The less as­ tiful soul may seem to assume rather than sistance required from the betrayal of to approve, remember that, while you others the further we are trusted by the know all that he assumes, you can never Self. People see so little o f the real know the authority of his declaration, master because they are utterly without and, above all, you can never know how gratitude. This lack o f appreciation on much he may conceal. No great teacher the part of the unprepared and the irre­ has ever startled the world by the sponsible causes every master to suffer strangeness and the power of his revela­ crucifixion.

Tlhe Topmostl Topic (Continued from page 35) than the horrors of the Inquisition. If But whoever they are, Laborites or some of the Laborites have enacted it, it others, their action in this event is worth shows, clear as noonday, it was concerted analyzing in order to find out what is scheme of some human-looking bipe the cause of its unhuman craziness. But bereft of the least trace of moral sen what is of more worth is to remove the fiends and monsters of old incarnated in cause which generates such craziness in human flesh. And yet they are “ civil­ otherwise brainy people. The cause, it ized” beings, members of a world-wide will be found, is the ignorance of inner civilized organization whose object is t or true laws o f life which can be learnt destroy the good will and amity between through illuminated ancient philosophy, employees and employers of world-old concepts of thought whose light illumines honest labor. “ If you do not accept our the darkened mind, darkened by selfish­ creed of organized labor,” whether you ness. Ye have invented wonderful ma­ like it or not, and do not demand wages terial instruments, ye quick-witted Ameri­ higher than what you are getting and cans ! Now turn your minds to the in­ stop work if your demand is not satis­ ventions of peace-radiating, love-inspir­ fied, we will blow you up by dynamite.” ing concepts of life. Your material in­ What is the difference between the ter­ centives, which only serve the material rors of the Inquisition and this? The interests of man only, making him more difference is that the horrors of the inqui­ and more restless and covetous in spirit, sition were perpetrated within closed will be forgotten in time soon to come. doors in secrecy. And these are enacted But your concepts of harmony born out openly, recklessly outraging the whole of the soul of it will not only serve man’s world’s feelings. permanant interests, but make him happy * * * for evermore. H Imidio© a n d  m eficaim TIh©suig|Ihitè

By L. BYRD MOCK. M. A.

HE transcendental movement in The supreme consolation offered by the American thought, of which Emer­ Hindoo doctrine of Re-incarnation is T son was the high priest and pro­ that, sooner or later, we will get what we phet, had certainly its origin in the want. If that which we wish for, wait ancient Oriental philosophies, though for and dream about in this life does not many devotees o f this great thinker come to us, it will surely be ours in fail to yield the credit to its another incarnation, if we live so as to true source. Emerson, above all, deserve the things we crave. is responsible for the wonderful wave of The eternal law is that one cannot get New Thought that has swept America in anything unless one earns it. The truth the last quarter o f a century. But, as is is the one idea of Eastern philosophy and known to many, Emerson was a student its object is to awaken and free the soul of Hindoo religion and philosophy and and to give it perfect God-consciousness, he was so natural a medium for its ab­ since religion with the Hindoo is the real sorption that it is believed by some Hin­ business of life, not a mere diversion, doo sages that he was an illuminated recreation or fad, as is so often the case Brahman in a former birth. This is a with Americans. Is it not the height of most plausible theory in regard to the impertinence on our part, therefore, to character and teachings of this American send our missionaries to teach the Hindoo philosopher whose thought has lifted the to be religious? If the gentle and un­ veil for millions o f eyes which were assuming Hindoo chose to do so, he could eagerly looking for the light, though little unfold to our arrogant missionary treas­ did they dream it was the Light o f India ures of soul and beauties of thought that which was blessing their blinded vision. would make him tremble at his temerity Explained in the light o f Karma, Emer­ in attempting to teach religion to the son is the most logical product of modern Hindoo. Let the Hindoo alone. He times. By Karma is meant the effect of knows more about true religion and the actions, good or bad, in this or in pre­ real soul than any sect on earth. With vious states of existence. Anything done the Hindoo the soul is the thing ; every­ or thought or felt is Karma. The word thing else is subservient. For Americans is derived from the Sanscrit “ kri,” to do. to attempt to teach the Hindoo something Karma determines the sum and substance which he knows more about than they of what you are in this life, what you will know in the next five thousand years, have been in the past lives and what you reminds one of a little child trying to will be in the future states o f existence. teach its grandmother her A B C’s. The The slightest wave of emotion will tell humblest Hindoo understands better the on the character for ages, so we see that miracles of Christ’s appearance and Karma, in its effect on character, is one actions on earth than does the majority of the most tremendous powers with of our learned Western divines, for only which man has to deal. Viewed in this a Hindoo can really comprehend the In­ light there is no achievement man cannot carnation and supernatural performances attain, no height to which he cannot soar; of the Deity. The Hindoo religion is for the effects of Karma are eternal, the very quintessence of spirituality. It limitless and govern a man absolutely. is transcendental Christianity which not

39 40 EAST AND WEST only includes Christ, but furnishes many how to estimate time. “ You Americans prototypes of the Christ known as Jesus. do not know the value o f time,” said the The Hindoo’s greatest Christ is Krishna, Hindoo sage, Baba Bharati, in an inter­ who became incarnate 5000 years ago, view in Seattle. “ You are living too and who comes to earth to inspire men fast. W e need quiet o f mind when we with his love, once in every 3,000,000 want to do great things. You only know years, or at the end of every Divine that time gives money and bread to the Cycle. people, but in reality there is no such thing as time, it is simply a cognition by We have much to learn from India. It the inner mind o f the changes that are is not necessary that we give up one iota taking place about us in nature. You of our own religion, nor is it necessary look at life on the surface; we of the that we even adopt the ritual or symbol­ Orient look at it in its depths, in the ism of the Hindoo belief. It is only need­ cool and quiet places, where there is no ful that we study the philosophical side turbulence and no need o f scramble.” of their religion in order the better to understand our own and get a deeper The Hindoo solution of the universal insight into it. Hindoo teachings make quest for happiness affords us food for Christ comprehensible. India has a mes­ thought. They say that because the sage for us which would revolutionize whole Universe, of which we all are our spiritual life if we would only hear. parts, had come out o f the Eternal Mind power at present is the subject of Abode of Happiness where it dwelt be­ deepest interest to the most advanced fore creation, we are all seeking this scientists and philosophers of our Absolute Bliss even in the pursuit of country. Science is proving the limitless material pleasures, only most o f us do possibilities of the human mind. When not know it, a bliss that cannot be secured modern searchers after truth finally dis­ through the physical senses. W e are all cover the laws of the mental plane, as consciously or unconsciously trying to re­ they have unfolded the laws of the ma­ attain the original state o f happiness we terial side of life they will view Hindoo enjoyed before we came out from the history in a new light, and will see that bosom o f God, as tiny parts o f Creation. the things which they regard as absurd or It is only in the development of God- mythical are really the purest of psychical consciousness that we can even partially phenomena effected by exact law. enjoy this original state o f Bliss while we remain as citizens of the earth. W e think that we have learned much, but what do we know of the real inner The Hindoo believes in the final happi­ life— the life of the soul? What do we ness and holiness of all mankind. The know or care about it? To get money, idea o f such an atrocious doctrine as get houses, fine clothes and outshine our eternal punishment so long preached neighbors is a national ambition. Not from our American pulpits, to the Hin­ even our clergy are free from the taint of doo is rank blasphemy, an insult to commercialism. Some of them can be Divine Law and Love. Above all, the tempted by a wider field and a bigger Hindoo worships a God of Love. “ The salary. W e are selfish to the last degree ; riddle of the Universe will be solved we seldom think of helping our neighbor through love” declare their sages. Even without at least wondering what he is on earth “ man cannot live without love, going to do for us. W e cannot separate without loving something holy,” says our acts from the thought “What is it Baba Bharati. going to mean to me?” The Hindoo The Hindoo stands in wonder at the teaches us to accept with gratitude all alarming spread of the American divorce opportunities for giving assistance to evil, and he contrasts the conditions with others, without thought of remuneration ; that of his own country, where 90 per to be grateful for the moral gymnastics cent, of the marriages are happy, and he afforded us by doing a good turn to seeks to find out the cause of our divorces another. Another valuable lesson we and suggests some means for prevention; may learn from the Hindoo brother is or rather, the prevention of marriage HINDOO AND AMERICAN THOUGHT 41 whose inevitable end lies in the divorce of the soul ; in America they are married court. To be sure the Hindoo believes in according to the pocket book. soul-affinities. Not in soul-affinities Through the teachings of Emerson which some Americans now believe in, and the spread of Theosophical societies, but through the development of soul- American life has been touched on the consciousness, or God-consciousness. The surface by the glories of the Hindoo American should, says the Hindoo, learn teachings, but what the country needs is to know real from false affinities before to tap the fountain-head of this wonder­ marriage takes place. ful philosophy, and the pure crystal wa­ In India though marriage contracts ters of Hindoo spirituality will flow over are made between children, they are the parched sands of American material­ made by “ moral alchemists,” who ar­ ism and, percolating through the soil, range them according to the horoscope of the contracting parties, and under no will touch into life the latent seed- circumstances would a marriage be con­ thoughts which will burst forth into soul- tracted by parties whose horoscopes flowers of such rare beauty and frag­ showed them to be uncongenial. In India rance that the whole world will stand they are married according to the science in amazement at the product.

Tlh© o f Life

By Lillian Gail Armstrong

Confusion of misdirected thoughts tion. The mystery of thy being, sweet cause us to be incapable of acknowledg­ flower, is hidden in God and the truth is ing a completed creation. The plant ab­ manifested in thy truth. Such is the con­ sorbing the sun’s rays and the dews of dition of the soul. The mystery lies in His night, unless torn by adverse winds, keeping, but the voice ot love waits only grows and blossoms into fullness. The an opportunity, teaching you the solu­ tree on the mountainside by the same pro­ tion of this mystery and its perfection. cess, if the elements are kind, reveals The sound of this voice is sweeter than the same truth. All animal creation is the hymns of angels, louder than the helplessly subject also to environments rush of many waters, yet tne mind wholly while materially manifesting itself. The absorbed in striving and getting, con­ mind of man, subject to change, imper­ templating the world’s doings, bequathes fectly manifests creation. But back of unto itself no hour for meditation in all stands the soul, the source of all pow­ which to learn the essential, in which to er, the source of all wisdom, the source learn the central truth of wisdom where­ of all love; unchangeable, for it is a part in the mystery of life absolves itself. The of a completed creation, the solution of lily but manifested its creation, the force the mystery o f life. of its manifestation stilling my mind, I saw a tiger lily growing in the midst while the voice of the soul clearly said of a bed o f weeds, sent forth to live its unto me, “ Go thou and do likewise; life of beauty and of love. My heart show the perfection of thine own crea­ stood still in rapture. The summer winds tion ; concentrate the forces of thy mind played softly o ’er the grasses, my soul upon sweet service to humanity, and thou, cried out with exultation at the vision of too, shalt make hearts beat in rapture reflected radiance from a perfect crea­ and in ecstasy.”

Men should be judged, not by their tint of skin. The food they eat, the vintage that they drink; Nor by the way they fight or love or sin. But by the quality of thought they think.—Lawrence Hope. By ALFRED B. GILBERT. M. D.

Illustrations by Carrie M. Gilbert

Sitting Bull, the great Sioux medicine blood. As the marauders approached the man and warrior, was born on Willow fort the commander o f the post shot and Creek, near the mouth of the Cheyenne killed his own wife, at her earnest request, River, about the year 1832. He was the to save her from the more cruel fate of son of Jumping Bull, a Sioux chief. falling into the hands o f the Sioux. Sitting Sitting Bull, at an early age became a Bull’s attitude was defiant, and to empha­ famous hunter and killed buffalo for his size his contempt for the pale-face, he tribe. At thirteen his name was changed would never speak a word o f English, or to Lame Bull on account of a wound he admit for a moment that he understood received in a fight with another Indian, it. General Morrow was in command of years older than himself, but this name Fort Buford in 1869, and when numerous was not permanent. Before he reached depredations- were committed and stock his fifteenth year he began to develop traits which made him a terror to Indians and whites alike. Sitting Bull was fear­ less under all circumstances, a magnifi­ cent rider, an accurate shot, and capable of enduring an extraordinary amount of fatigue. There are many stories of Sitting Bull’s cruelty; some are no doubt exaggerations. Elis nature was kind, as was shown in 1873 when he was on his way with a small band to Fort Peck. He found a short distance from the fort three white men lying asleep under a tree. His followers wanted to kill and scalp them on the spot and secure their arms and horses. This the chief would not allow, and stood over them till all his band had passed. Next day, in the fort, Sitting Bull walked up to the leader, Mr. Campbell, and shook hands. Mr. Camp­ bell said he did not know him. “ I am Sitting Bull,” was his reply, “ and I gave you your life yesterday.” The chief pro­ ceeded to explain in a manner that satis­ fied Campbell that what he said was true, stolen, Sitting Bull was accused, but he and in gratitude offered rewards, but denied the charge with great vigor, and Sitting Bull declined all such proffers. not long afterward one o f his men was Sitting Bull first became widely known killed. He charged that the killing was to the white people of America in 1866. unprovoked and had been done by a In that year he led a terrible raid against soldier. He made a demand for some the settlers and military post at Fort sort of a settlement, and displayed such Buford. His path was marked with powers of argument that General Mor- 42 SITTING BULL 43 row piled up blankets on the dead Indian ered within the reservation, and at once until the chief declared himself satisfied. thousands of miners and desperadoes rushed into the reservation, in defiance Sitting Bull was of more than an ordi­ of the protests of the Indians and the narily restless nature, even from an pledges of the Government. Indian standpoint, and as soon as he felt that his power was absolute he gave Red Cloud, Spotted Tail and other orders to strike camp and go to the chiefs went to Washington to protest Yellowstone River. There the tepees against the invasion of the whites, which were put up, the stock tethered, and was a violation of the existing treaty. orders issued that no white man should The Indians demanded payment for their be permitted to enter the camp. For lands of which they were robbed, and a about six years the band were undis­ Government commission visited them to turbed; they hunted buffalo and built a agree on terms. The terms were so thriving village, but in 1875 a number of ridiculous, about ten cents an acre being white men from Montana invaded Sitting offered the Indians for the rich mineral Bull’s territory and built a fort. The land in the Black Hills, that no agree­ chief ordered them away, but the whites ment was possible, and the commission refused to leave. Sitting Bull then at­ tacked them and six men were killed and nine wounded. Reinforcements arrived and the Indians withdrew to a safe dis­ tance and were not attacked. The fort was abandoned. The great Sioux war of 1876 brought Sitting Bull into greater prominence. The conflict began more like a civil war than an ordinary Indian outbreak. Terms were submitted and rejected. “ In pursuance to a policy inaugurated for bringing all the plains tribes under the direct control o f the Government a treaty was negotiated with the Sioux living west of the Missouri, by which they re­ nounced their claims to a great part of their territory, and a reservation was set apart for them embracing all of the pres­ ent State of South Dakota. At the same time agents were appointed and agencies established, rations, cows, physicians, returned to Washington and reported farmers, teachers, and many other good their failure. things were promised them and they The Indians began leaving the reserva­ agreed to allow railroad routes to be sur­ tion. Sullen and disgusted, they made veyed and military posts to be established for the Bad Lands. Sitting Bull, Crazy in their territory. It was also stipulated Horse, Red Horse, Rain-in-the-Face and that they should be allowed to hunt with­ a host of braves, armed with magazine in their old range, outside o f the limits guns of the latest make, took a position of the reservation.” in a valley between the Big Horn River But times were changing. The build­ and the Rosebud Mountains, hemmed in ing of the railroads brought into the by mountain walls, accessible only plains swarms o f hunters and immigrants, through rough passes and dangerous who began to exterminate the buffalo at waterways. such a rate that in a few years the Sioux, On June 22, Custer and Terry were at with all the other hunting tribes of the the junction of the Rosebud and Yellow­ plains, realized that their food supply was stone. McCook was encamped on Goose rapidly going. Then gold was discov­ Creek, near the W olf Mountains, and 44 EAST AND WEST

Colonel Gibbons was at the junction of surrender. His answer was to fight the the Yellowstone and the Big Horn. The more bitterly. A handful of his men effort of Gibbons was to prevent the were left; his brothers were dead; the escaping of the Indians to the north and men could no longer fire; cartridge shells the Canada line. Cook was watching were empty; the last act o f the tragedy them on the southeast. General Terry was at hand. No in-rush o f Indians was decided that Custer and his force should necessary to destroy the few left. Rain- go down the Rosebud and locate the hos- in-the-Face could keep at a distance and tiles. Riding up the valley with Custer have them picked off. was Captain Tom Custer, Boston Custer, another brother, Adjutant Cooke, Cap­ tain Myles W. Keogh, Yates, Porter, Harrington and the rest of that brilliant set of fighting men. Detached bands of the young braves, which had been en­ gaged in worrying Reno and Benteen into an awful fright, while De Rudio was lost in the brush and did not reappear for twenty-four hours, were filing through the many passes and defiles leading to a center, at which was Custer. Rain-in- the-Face was at the head of these braves, and Rain-in-the-Face was out for re­ venge. The most bloody and brutal of the chiefs, he had been captured the pre­ vious winter by Tom Custer and confined in the guard house for a murder he had committed. He made his escape, but the message came back from him that some day he would be revenged. Surrender! Custer never knew the The troops had inferior arms and were meaning of the word. Live, when his embarrassed with led horses. Custer’s men were dead! He did not know what scouts, unmolested by the foe so close to such a thing meant. Out from a defile them, brought in word that the center of came a puff of smoke, the ring of a rifle the Indian village had almost been shot, a flash o f flame, and Custer had reached, and then Cooke’s message went gone to his eternal rest. flying back to Benteen to close in. The trumpeter could hardly have left when Sitting Bull, who had so successfully out of a defile down upon the soldiers planned the attack upon Custer, pushed who had just reached the one butte be­ northward and after encamping on the tween them and the village, dashed Rain- left bank of the Missouri until near the in-the-Face and his warriors. From close of the winter, he crossed into Cana­ another defile came Little Dog, Red da, where for a time he disappeared. It W olf and White Bear, until around was learned that Sitting Bull and his fol­ Custer and his men there was a perfect lowers were at Fort Walsh in British terri­ cordon of Indians. Closer and closer tory. Accordingly a commission was drew the Indian circle and in five min­ sent to negotiate for their return to utes no horses remained, and the soldiers Dakota. The commission was brought were down behind them fighting. An face to face with the Sioux Chief, Sitting hour passed; the sun was creeping down Bull, but failed to bring him to any to the western hills. A Crow scout, one terms. Sitting Bull dismissed the com­ of Custer’s men, having disguised him­ mission abruptly and disdainfully, telling self as a Sioux, gained his side and them that the Great White Father was a offered him opportunity to escape. He liar; that he never kept his w ord; he refused it. Many of the fighting warri­ promised much, but did little. “ You ors who knew him well called on him to gave us a country and then took it SITTING BULL 45 from us. It was our country first. If sion of their first meeting. On Satur­ you think I am a fool, you are a bigger day, December 13, 1890, General Miles fool than I am. Don’t you say two more sent word to Major McLaughlin that the words. Go back where you came from. time to strike the blow had come, and on The white man came on to my land and the next morning troops of cavalry and followed me. The white men made me infantry, preceded by Indian police, fight for my hunting grounds. The started southwest to capture the old chief. white man made me kill him, or he would When within three miles of the Indian kill my friends, my women and my chil­ camp a halt was called. The troops re­ dren.” mained where they could be easily sig­ Sitting Bull returned to Dakota and nalled. The Indian police, commanded lived in a secluded spot on the Grand by Bull Head, moved cautiously in the River, about forty miles from Standing direction of the chief’s house with a war­ Rock Agency. He was glad to be hidden rant for his arrest. No one but the old from the world, and it was his intention chief and his two sons were there. Sit­ to spend the rest of his days in seclusion ting Bull opened the door, and his sons, there. seeing the house surrounded by police, The year 1890 was a hard one for the gave a cry of alarm. Without hesitating Indians. In addition to the broken faith a moment. Bull Head fired at Sitting of the Government, the swindling prac­ Bull, the ball striking him in the breast, tices of the agents, and the unscrupulous killing him instantly. While reeling, aggressions o f the settlers, they had to Sitting Bull managed to draw a revolver, bear the burden of bad weather, poor which exploded just as he fell, the ball crops, and a scarcity of game. Their entering Bull Head’s thigh. One of the complaints were just, and loud, and Indian policemen lifted Sitting Bull’s bitter, but were little heeded. Then a scalp and another battered his face into Christian halfbreed started the Messiah a jelly after death with a plank. craze, and upon Sitting Bull was placed Thus died Tata’nka, I’yota’nke (Sit­ the mantle of apostleship, and the old ting Bull), the greatest medicine man chief at once gathered about him thou­ and warrior of the Sioux nation, on the sands of Indians who were becoming morning of December 15, 1890. Gen­ again hostile. Ghost dances were in full eral Miles said of him: swing and the pent-up feelings of the Indians were given full expression. “ His tragic fate was but the ending of Many were entranced and saw the great a tragic life. Since the days of Pontiac, Redeemer; he had come to deliver them Tecumseh and Red Jacket no Indian has from the rule o f the white man and to had the power of drawing to him so large restore to them their land and the buffalo. a following of his race and moulding Sitting Bull again saw his opporunity to and wielding it against the authority of strike a blow at the whites. The authori­ the United States, or of inspiring it with ties were warned o f the threatened up­ greater animosity against the white race rising and an effort made to persuade and civilization. Sitting Bull to cease the Messiah propa­ “ The Indian police, many of them ganda, but all efforts failed. Orders despised renegades from his own tribe were then sent demanding that he imme­ and enemies of his under cover of the diately return to the agency. He refused United States flag and backed by a com­ to comply with the order, saying: “ God pany of United States cavalry— placed Almighty made me. God Almighty suspiciously handy to see that the rene­ did not make me an agency Indian, and gades from his tribe should not fail in I’ll fight and die fighting before any white killing him—they went to kill— had killed man can make me an agency Indian.” him, and I said— understanding the con­ This was the declaration made by Sit­ ditions and circumstances better than ting Bull to General Miles on the occa­ some— I said: ‘That is murder.’ ” B acB it© th e S ta rs aimdl Sthcñpes

By MAUD LAUTA JOHNSON

LITTLE more than three years streets and build houses and plant a few ago a sad, little group of worship­ trees. In Colombo they cut streets A pers stood around the shrine in through the jungle and nestle a house the Krishna temple huddled amongst here and there amongst the foliage. the trees and shrubs on West From Colombo northward to Calcutta. 1 Sixteenth street, Los -Angeles. With Calcutta, the city of experiences. Ex­ tear-stained faces and broken hearts periences both sad and glad. First the they sang for the last time to­ difficulty of finding a suitable home and gether the dear, familiar Sanskrit songs furnishing it little by little, for in India and prostrated themselves once more be­ things don’t go as fast as they do here. fore the feet of beloved Krishna and It takes longer to haul furniture for an pledged ourselves anew to the service and eight room house by means o f an ox cart love. Those of us who were privileged or human motive power than by the mod­ to take that memorable journey with ern electric van. Then the difficulty of Baba Bharati were comforted by the learning a few necessary words by which thought of what lay before us, but still to ask for our daily needs. Then the our hearts were saddened by the parting getting acquainted with the city and the from that home, the leaving of that sweet effort to get the magazine work under haven that had sheltered us so long, the way. The magazine was published, lec­ quiet retreat that protected us fróm the tures were given, a mission was estab­ noise and hurry of the outside world, the lished and each of us gathered those ex­ home where abounded an atmosphere of periences which were needed and which love, devotion and peace, blessed and per­ made life richer and more worth while. vaded by the spirit Krishna. Those who And now we have come back, except one were left behind must have been con­ who is still in India, and met again here scious of a great loss, for though we had in the City of the Angels. been taught of the nothingness of space, The Minnesota that carried us across of the one-ness of all the universe, of the the waters three years ago, has now unreality of the flesh and the reality of carried our Baba back to us and now the spirit, we had not yet reached that we have him again in our midst, state of consciousness that freed us from filling our hearts with love and wisdom, the need and desire for the presence in peace and comfort. It is all like a dream. the flesh of him who comforted our Sunday, July the tenth, the Baba held weary souls, helped us to solve our many his first class. Owing to the rooms problems and gave us a glimpse into that being small only a few were invited, but paradise which is the inheritance of every those few received a blessing such as can­ soul. not be told, but only felt and realized. And then came that long journey to What a joy to hear again ttie same sweet lands strange and wonderful. A few words, to sing the peaceful, harmonious hurried days in lovely Japan, a short stay songs and to feel the presence o f kindred in Hongkong, moonlight nights on tropi­ souls. cal seas and then India— India with its And now the Baba has been established mystery and charm. Just to set foot on in a home of his own, public lectures be- her soil is to be a different being. Just ing given and classes begun, the maga­ to breathe her atmosphere is to be filled zine is republished and many, many en­ with the joy of divine life. How the terprises will be accomplished. And best songs rose to my lips and how the poe­ of all that temple which I have seen in try flowed from my heart. Colombo, the prophetic visions for so many years will beautiful, the garden, the jungle, with its become a reality. That temple amongst houses stuck almost out of sight under the trees whence will flow a healing the trees. In this country we lay out stream of love and wisdom and truth.

4 6 BACK TO THE STARS AND STRIPES 4 7

For many years the West has sent her ese over the Russians. He said, “ For missionaries to the East where they have hundreds of years we have given you the built their churches and missions and best in art and science and philosophy taught their faith. Now Krishna has and you have called us a semi-barbarous seen fit to send us his devotee to establish people. Now we have whipped an army His worship, the worship of the Lord of and annihilated a fleet and you call us Love. Those o f us who have studied civilized.” What can we say to that? deeply into the philosophy o f the East True, isn’t it? If we want to convert the have realized the one-ness o f all great re­ heathen, let us first convert the English­ ligious truths. W e know that at heart men and Americans that we send over they are the same and we know that there. The heathens are all here, not a what is needed most is that the East and single heathen in the Orient. It is in­ the West shall understand each other. deed a tribute to the religion of the lowly We are all one kin, with the same weak­ Nazarene that it can find its way into the nesses, the same ambitions, the same hearts o f our dark-skinned brothers in hopes. W e call God by different names, spite of what they have seen of western but the goal and the end is one and the civilization and in spite of the treatment same. Baba tells o f a lecture he deliv­ they have suffered at the hands of the ered in Madras just before leaving for pale-face. America. His theme was, “ Jesus, the India has not only never done us a Christ” and he talked with such ardor, wrong, but has given us religion and such enthusiasm and such devotion that philosophy. So let us open our hearts one of those present, a Hindu o f great to the inflow of divine wisdom that it is intelligence and considerable renown in once again our opportunity to receive. India and known to many readers in The West has gone to the East, now the America, pulled Baba by the gown and East is coming to the West. Under the begged him to be careful or he might Stars and Stripes is to be established the convert all the younger generation pres­ religion of Krishna. No longer will we ent to Christianity. The Baba preaches have to say, Christ as he preaches KrisTma, because Take me back to Eastern altars he knows their unity o f thought. He With their incense-laden air; knows that the love of God and the ser­ In the West my spirit falters. vice of humanity is the foundation of Ne’er can utter earnest prayer. every great religion. The sad part is No, the altar with its incense and its that the West judges the religion of India blessing has been brought to us. Under by some of the untoward conditions ex­ the Stars and Stripes let us unite, under isting there. Do we judge the religion the emblem of Fate and Promise. When of Christ because we find gambling dens, I returned from India my little son came bedbugs and the white slave traffic here? running to me and we clasped each other No, we call it the work o f the devil. But in aching arms. Neither of us could somehow, when we find the same things speak, but after the first great agony in India, it is no longer the work o f the and overwhelming joy was past, he dis­ devil, but the fault and result o f their engaged himself from my grasp, passed religious teachings. Nor do we realize into the other room and came back with that some o f the worst things found in a tiny silk American flag and handed it India and China were taken there and to me. “ W e thought you would like to fostered there by our so-called Christian be under the Stars and Stripes once nations. W ho introduced opium and more” was the thought expressed. Yes, liquor into the Orient? And then we we are all glad to be under the flag send missionaries to the East to preach again, but we have brought India with the gospel of Jesus. And if they will not us. And we are going to give India to accept it, why maybe we can send a battle you. That little silk flag hangs on my ship and blow it into them. Baba tells a wall and when the Baba saw it he said, story about the reply the Japanese minis­ “ Write something about that. The stars ter to France gave those who toasted and stand for Fate and the stripes for the feted him upon the victory of the Japan­ Rainbow of Promise.” 48 EAST AND WEST

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