THE PETE RITE

Vol. XXXIX MAY, 1947 No. 315

EDITORIAL "Mr. Speaker, what hath passed in the Lower House this session?" "Seven weeks, may it please Your Majesty." This well-authenticated piece of dialogue of the spacious days of Queen Elizabeth may seem singularly inappropriate to the feverish activity of our present-day legislators; but, m statis mutandis, it may describe the Spring Term of 1947. Eleven weeks passed. Eleven cold, uncharitable weeks during which we sat in classrooms or stared from windows at snow, and snow, and again snow, and finally at the creeping catastrophe of flood-water. It must be left to statisticians and calculators (it is their age) to put it all into figures and tell us how keen the frost, how deep the snow, how devastating and unprecedented the floods. We are content to record (for posterity) eleven weeks of unspeakable weather and shivering inactivity. As for the fuel crisis—what "passed in the Lower House" and the rest of the acts of Shinwell and all that he did (and said), are they not written in the book of Hansard? Some such is our general impression of the term that has just passed. Yet, perhaps, as impressions do, it will prove fallacious on an examination of the facts. Though much of the term's programme was inevitably and disappointingly left undone, even so, much was achieved, as the following pages testify. We would select the Science Exhibition for special mention. The revival of this pre-war institution was an unqualified success. It received gratifying publicity in the Press and on the Radio and was proof, if proof were needed, that the School is fully alive to the vital importance in the modern world of this aspect of education. The Exhibition lasted three days, and involved an immense amount of preparation and organization. We were indeed grateful to Mr. E. K. Robinson and his colleagues of the Science Staff for their unflagging labours and their unsparing devotion to their cause. The many boys who took part are also to be con- gratulated as well on their enthusiasm and hard preliminary work as on their efficiency in demonstrating their various exhibits. It was Charles Lamb who remarked somewhat plaintively, "there is certainly a march of science: but who will beat the drum for the retreat?" He would have had no encouragement had he been able to visit the Exhibition. Another innovation was our participation in the special Epiphany Service at York Minster on Sunday, the 26th January. Some details are given in our Chapel record, and in our reference here we would 1 CONTENTS

Page Editorial ... 1 War Memorial and Building Fund 3 Choral Scholarship to King's College, Cambridge 3 Oxford School of Honour Moderations 4 Cricket Week 4 Retirement of Mr. B. J. Steel 4 Births 4 The Science Exhibition 5 Old Peterite News 6 Calendar, Summer Term, 1947 15 Valete and Salvete 17 School Officers 18 House Notes 18 The Oxford Cup, 1946-47 ... 22 Notes and Items ... 22 Lectures and Entertainments 23 The Chapel 24 The Choir 15 The Library 26 The Debating Society The Musical Society The Science Society 28 Chess 32 Continental Holiday, Easter, 1947 33 J.T.C. Notes 35 Scouting 36 Shooting 37 Fencing 37 Cricket Fixtures, 1947 38 Hockey 38 Squash 39 Boxing 40 The Junior School 42 Editorial Notices ... 45 remark only that we appreciated the distinction of playa. such a notable part in a service so dignified and impressive. We were gratified to be told that, by the verdict of competent musical critics, the School Choir had no reason to fear the inescapable comparison with that of the Minster. All of us have been impressed by the high standard of the Chapel singing in recent months, and we were pleased to find that its quality was notably proved in the peculiarly exacting environment of the Minster, which, while it gives every advantage to excellence, is no less intolerant of deficiencies. The end of the Summer Term will bring our second post-war Commemoration. The programme will follow the now traditional lines, the speeches and prize-giving (on the morning of Saturday, 26th July), the contests between School and 0.P.'s on the river and on the cricket field, the Old Peterite Dinner, and will culminate in the Commemoration Service in Chapel, on Sunday, the 27th. Our experience last year when, somewhat diffidently, we revived the festival on its pre-war scale, has reassured us that the opportunity for Old Peterites of all generations to foregather at the School has lost none of its appeal. The true essence of the occasion is this reunion of Old Peterites, and we look forward to a large and enthusiastic gathering. In these unstable days of shifting values and uncertain creeds there is much satisfaction in the abiding loyalty to the School. In passing, we may note that the Commemoration sermon will be preached by the Rev. P. P. Noble Fawcett. For many years now Mr. Fawcett has figured anonymously in the Chapel calendar as the preacher for the day, and it was a happy inspiration to invite him to give the address on this important occasion—his last Sunday as the Chaplain." Of Mr. Fawcett's departure we shall have more to say at the appropriate time. Meanwhile we shall only record the universal regret which has been aroused by his decision to retire from the office at the end of the School year. We publish in this issue a second list of subscriptions to the Building and War Memorial Fund. There has been an encouraging response to the appeal, and we are grateful to all those who have contributed so generously. A large sum indeed is required if we are to meet all the relentless demands of our numerical expansion and face the urgent challenge of present-day educational trends: but we are confident that few Old Peterites and friends of the School will be unimpressed by the brochure which explains our needs and sets out the programme of building which is essential to our future welfare. Already a new dining hall is in use and has relieved us of many administrative difficulties. The exigences of the time have restricted us to a building which, at any rate in relation to the scheme as a whole, must be called "temporary"; but it is no unworthy structure, and in its internal dignity, spaciousness, and practical convenience it has proved an invaluable addition to our accommodation. Perhaps no apology is necessary for the belated appearance of our last issue. The cause was, of course, the fuel crisis, with its attendant ban on the publication of periodicals. Though publication was so long delayed, we were content that we were able to avoid a break in the long sequence of issues of The Peterite." WAR MEMORIAL AND BUILDING FUND SECOND LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS (in chronological order) A. OLD PETERITES £ s. d. £ s. d. G. H. Oatoby 2 2 0 R. Scruton ... 127 5 0 F. N. Buckler 5 0 0 J. C. and H. C. Robson 100 0 0 D. Norwood 254 10 0 H. B. Whitby ... 50 0 0 P. V. Mitchell 10 0 0 P. B. Legat ... 5 0 0 J. A. Wood 10 0 0 R. B. Wharldall ... 5 0 0 E. P. Davison 20 0 0 N. E. Wicks 2 0 0 J. C. Close ... 5 0 0 R. L. Connelly 3 3 0 N. R. Burnett ... 26 5 0 A. J. Darton 5 0 0 J. K. Richardson ... 10 0 0 J. C. Rodgers 1 1 0 T. C. Rainford ... 10 0 0 M. H. Seed 10 0 0 R. R. Rainford ... 10 0 0 B. PARENTS (PAST AND PRESENT) £ s. d. £ s. d. Mr. A. Stubbs ... 5 5 0 Group Capt. C. L. Dook 63 10 0 Mr. F. D. Everitt 26 5 0 Mr. J. A. Ankers 5 0 0 Mr. and Mrs. Ham 10 0 0 Mr. and Mrs. W. Mrs. Isaacs ... 5 5 0 Smithson ... 50 0 0 Mr. T. H. Duffield 5 0 0 Mr. L. Rigg ... 5 0 0 Mr. G. W. Dick ... •.• 5 0 0 Mr. T. L. Swale ... 2 2 0 Mr. F. Browne ... ••• 10 10 0 Mr. F. Burkitt ... 63 10 0 Mr. J. Youll ... ••• 50 0 0 Mr. J. A. Booth 10 10 0 Mrs. R. A. Middleton ••• 25 0 0 Mr. H. J. Smith ... 10 10 0 Mrs. Tate ... .•• 25 0 0 Mr. E. Grainger ... 127 5 0 Mr. G. Blake ... ••• 50 0 0 Mr. J. G. Ryder ••• 5 0 0 C. GOVERNORS, STAFF, AND FRIENDS OF THE SCHOOL £ s. d. £ s. d. Mr. K. H. Rhodes ••• 50 0 0 Dr. J. A. Magnus 1 1 0 Mrs. D. M. Bainton • •• 13 7 0 Mr. M. E. Clark ... 52 10 0 Mr. E. K. Robinson ••• 40 0 0 Col. W. T. C. and the Clifton Cricket Club ... 3 3 0 Misses Huffam 5 0 0 Miss Barlow ... ••• 2 0 0 Miss E. D. Kenny 0 10 0 Dr. J. I. Russell ... ••• 5 5 0 Mr. A. W. Johnson 2 2 0 The estimated gross yield from gifts under covenant has been shown in each case.

CHORAL SCHOLARSHIP TO

, KING'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE G. C. Greetham has been awarded a Bass Choral Scholarship at King's College, Cambridge. The School is proud of so coveted a distinction, and we heartily congratulate both Greetham and Mr. Waine, our Director of Music. 3 OXFORD SCHOOL OF HONOUR MODERATIONS We congratulate J. D. Taylor-Thompson, who left the School in July, 1945, with the Balliol Senior Classical Exhibition, on the award of a "First" in Honour Mods. We hope that he will go on to a like success in "Greats" and achieve the rare distinction of a double "First." CRICKET WEEK Those of us who enjoyed the Cricket Week two years ago will be pleased to learn that a similar festival will take place at the School, after the end of the Summer Term, from Tuesday, 29th July, to Saturday, 2nd August. Invitations have been sent out to the Yorkshire Public Schools to send representatives, and a programme of trial matches with strong local sides has been arranged in order to select an XI to meet the Lancashire Public Schools in a two-day match on the 1st and 2nd August. RETIREMENT OF MR. B. J. STEEL We are sorry to have to record the retirement, through ill-health, of Mr. B. J. Steel from his office as Head Porter. Mr. Steel had given us loyal and unsparing service since his appointment in September, 1938, and his departure was a very real loss. He took a devoted interest in all that appertained to the School, and no-one regretted the unavoidable severance of the tie with St. Peter's more than he did himself. Mrs. Steel, too, who helped so efficiently in our domestic concerns, had her niche among us, and we all appreciated to the full her unfailing and kindly help. All sections of the School sincerely regretted their departure from the Lodge at the close of the Spring Term. Presentations were made to Mr. and Mrs. Steel by the boys, the Teaching Staff, and the lady members of the Domestic Staff; and the calamity of Mr. Steel's illness, which has incapacitated him at a comparatively early stage in his working life, was generously recognized by the Governing Body. We wish them both well in the future, and hope that time and freedom from the heavy responsibilities which he shouldered so willingly will lead to an improvement in Mr. Steel's health. BIRTHS We record the following, with our congratulations :- On 10th February, 1947, to Gundred, wife of Denys Kingwell Crews, at St. Ann's Nursing Home, Hartley Wintney, a daughter (Sarah Jane). On 15th February, 1947, at the Purey Cust Nursing Home, York, to Grace (nee Mackie), wife of Geoffrey W. Stevens, a son, Robert Anthony. 4 SCIENCE EXHIBITION A Science Exhibition was held on Friday and Saturday, 21st and 22nd March, 1947. The object was two-fold: to enable parents and friends to see the type of work done in Science in the normal School course, and to bring to the notice of boys and parents alike applications of science which cannot normally be shown in School. The opening ceremony was performed by Sir Francis W. Terry, J.P., who, on touching a switch, set off a flash and unveiled a delight- fully executed display representing the chief branches of science— physics, chemistry, biology, and geography. Sir Francis said he was amazed at the comprehensive nature of the exhibition, and assured the boys that work in the scientific field is without doubt contributing to the production so urgently needed by the country at the present time. The Headmaster added that the exhibition provided definite proof that the School had settled down again to its ordinary routine after the disturbances and improvisations forced upon us by the war. The exhibition was distributed throughout twenty rooms in the Science block and main building. About eighty boys were engaged on 100 experiments, exhibits, or demonstrations. More than 300 people signed the Visitors' Book, but many came who did not leave us their signatures. Announcements were transmitted throughout the buildings by means of loudspeakers. It is impossible here to indicate the range covered by the numerous experiments and difficult to pick out even the most outstanding. Among the most popular items were in physics : liquid oxygen, high voltage experiments, colour and fluorescence, and the Wimshurst machine; in biology: the very effective display of tropical and cold water aquaria and the beating heart. The Chemistry Lab., with its interesting range of experiments from the water conjurer to explosives and artificial silk, was always crowded, whilst in the geography section much interest was shown in the voyages of S.S. "Mountpark," a ship "adopted" by the School. We are greatly indebted to friends of the School and firms in York who helped us, in particular for the exhibits concerned with the manufacture of a newspaper, railway signalling, fluorescence, plastics, paints and varnishes, and for a sound recording unit. Many people took the opportunity of making gramophone records of their voices. The exhibition received wide publicity. It was mentioned in five northern newspapers, two of which printed photographs. Refer- ence was also made to it in the B.B.C. broadcast feature "News of the North," on the Friday evening. We can rightly claim that the exhibition was very successful. 5 OLD PETERITE NEWS ROLL OF HONOUR 1939-1945 T. D. Ambler. J. H. Foster. E. A. Powell. H. D. F. Amor. J. M. Fothergill. J. R. Rainford. M. Biggin. J. S. Garnham. H. W. Richardson. J. A. Brittain. J. Glaves. C. M. Robson. M. J. Buckle. S. M. Green. S. P. Scott. J. W. Butler. R. T. J. Griffiths. J. B. Shillitoe. M. Q. Carlton. P. Heywood. G. S. Stead (Master). A. P. Coombe. J. R. Hollington. J. W. Stead. J. D. Croasdale. B. H. W. Jackson. H. L. Taylor. J. H. Dales. P. A. Johnstone. L. Telfor. J. B. Deas. P. D. Johnstone. J. R. Walters. S. Dodds. B. Lee. W. L. Walters. A. W. Douglas. R. C. Lynch. G. F. Watson. B. J. Eveleigh. H. A. Milburn. M. A. Wellington. J. P. Farrow. I. Mitchell. J. Williams. J. M. Ferguson. L. H. W. Parkin. F. W. Fineron. H. C. Pexton. The above list accords with the School records to date. We should be grateful if readers could inform us of any omissions. HONOURS AND DISTINCTIONS 1939-1945 Major S. Anderson—M.B.E. J. C. Atkinson—D.F.C. J. N. Bamforth—British Empire Medal (Civil Division). W. B. Battrick—Mentioned in Despatches. J. Biggin—Mentioned in Despatches. Lt.-Col. J. N. Blenkin—O.B.E. Capt. J. L. Boden—Mentioned in Despatches. Col. D. W. E. Burridge—Order of the Crown of Iran (Fourth Class). P.O. D. Bushell—D.S.M. Col. H. G. Crawshaw—O.B.E., Mentioned in Despatches. G. M. Curtois—Mentioned in Despatches. Major D. K. Crews (Master)—American Bronze Star, Mentioned in Despatches. Major E. Davenport—Mentioned in Despatches. Lt. R. H. Davison, R.N.V.R.—D.S.C. Major J. M. Dickenson—Mentioned in Despatches. Major N. L. Dodd—Mentioned in Despatches. W. D. Draffan—D.S.O. Capt. B. J. Eastwood—M.B.E., Mentioned in Despatches. Lt.-Col. W. Elliott—O.B.E., Mentioned in Despatches. Brig. C. C. Fairweather—O.B.E. Wing-Commander J. Fearne—O.B.E. 6 P. N. B. Hale—Mentioned in Despatches. Lt. G. A. W. Heppell—M.C. F/L. P. Heywood—D.F.C. Major R. R. H. Horsley—M.B.E., Mentioned in Despatches. E. S. Jeffs (Master)—Mentioned in Despatches. Col. C. W. V. Kennedy—Cross of Valour (Polish Republic). Lt. I. S. McKay—M.C. A. C. Mackintosh—Mentioned in Despatches. Air Marshal C. E. H. Medhurst—K.C.B. (Military Division). P. R. Morris—C.B.E. (Civil Division). F/O. V. M. G. Musgrove—D.F.C. and Bar. Squadron-Leader L. H. W. Parkin—D.F.C. F/L. H. C. Pexton—D.F.C. (Posthumous). Wing-Commander R. D. Pexton—D.F.C., A.F.C. Squadron-Leader J. S. P. Phillips—D.F.C. C. Powell—Mentioned in Despatches. Squadron-Leader J. R. Rainford—D.F.C. and Bar F/O. K. Ramsden—D.F.C. Major A. B. Sellers—O.B.E. Brig. E. P. Sewell—C.B.E. (Military Division). Lt. J. E. Smart, R.N.V.R.—M.B.E. Major C. D. Trimmer—D.S.O. R. B. Wharldall—D.S.M. P/O. E. W. Whitney—D.F.C. Major A. R. Walton—Twice Mentioned in Despatches. R. S. F. Webber—Mentioned in Despatches. Major E. F. Williams—M.B.E. Sub-Lieut. R. T. Wolf—D.S.C. The foregoing list contains three additions since our last publication. Lt.-Col. Noel Blenkin was awarded the U.B.E. in the last New Year's Honours List. In the 1914.18 war he won the M.C. and we congratulate him heartily on this further distinction. B. J. Eastwood (School House, 1933-36), a Staff Captain (War Office), Temporary Major, was awarded the M.B.E. and Mentioned in Despatches during his service in Burma with the 14th Army and the 15th Indian Corps (R.I.A.S.C.). In March, 1945, he was wounded when he was Brigade Major of the 82nd West African Brigade. Early in the war, in December, 1940, he played for England and Wales against a combined Scotland and Ireland XV in a rugger match at Peshawar. This "international" must have been almost unique, since rugby football is rarely played in Northern India. Major N. L. Dodd, R.A. (School House, 1931.35), whose present address is H.Q., 69 A.A. Brigade (T.A.), Carlton Barracks, Claypit Lane, Leeds, was Mentioned in Despatches for service in Burma with the Royal West African Frontier Force. 7 O.P. MASONIC LODGE The Old Peterite Lodge, the formation of which has been fore- shadowed in previous issues, was consecrated on Wednesday, the 5th March, by the Most Hon. the Marquess of Zetland, K.G., P.C., G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., in the Maclagan Hall of St. William's College, York. Following the consecration, the first Master, Mr. J. Dronfield, the Headmaster of the School, was installed by Sir William Crosthwaite, and his Officers duly appointed. A large and represent- ative gathering of members of the Craft was present to witness a ceremonial whose impressiveness was enhanced by the dignity of the ancient hall in which it took place. The O.P. Lodge, which will meet on the third Wednesday in the months of March, May, June, July, October, and November, has been launched with every omen of prosperity. Any O.P.'s who may be interested should write to the Secretary, Mr. G. F. Jackson, The Manor, St. Peter's School.

APPOINTMENTS The Right Rev. Maurice Henry Harland (1912.14), Bishop Suffragan of Croydon, Vicar of Croydon, and Hon. Canon of Canterbury, has been nominated by the King for election by the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln as Bishop of Lincoln in the place of the late Right Rev. Leslie Owen. From St. Peter's he went to Exeter College, Oxford, and was ordained in 1922. He has been Bishop Suffragan and Vicar of Croydon since 1942. Sir Philip R. Morris I(The Rise, 1913-20), Vice-Chancellor of Bristol University, is one of the members of the Army Education Advisory Board recently appointed by the Secretary of State for War. N. W. D. YARDLEY Old Peterites will take a justifiable pride in the announcement, which has been made just as we are going to press, that Norman Yardley ,(1928.34) has been chosen to captain England in the first Test Match against South Africa, beginning on 7th June at Trent Bridge. St. Peter's has an enviable record in the production of inter- nationals in sport, but the captaincy of an England Test team is indeed a rare distinction. The choice of Yardley is not, of course, unexpected. His record in the Australian tour of 1946.47 enhanced his already high reputation and marked him out as the leading English amateur. It will be well remembered that he deputised for W. R. Hammond as leader of the England XI in the last Test and earned high praise from the critics in his handling of the side. At Melbourne in the third Test he achieved the signal feat of dismissing Bradman twice and also took the wickets of Barnes and Miller. With his batting in the same match-63 and 51 not out—he contributed largely to saving the game for England and ensuring the draw which broke the melancholy series of reverses. 8

It may be of interest to quote here the comment of "The Times" on the announcement of the appointment by Group Captain A. J. Holmes, Chairman of the Selection Committee :- "The choice, if generally expected, is none the less welcome. Ever- since his dayS at St. Peter's, York, and Cambridge, Yardley has been regarded as a cricketer not only of quality but also of character. He has graduated in the hard Yorkshire school, where he has had the opportunity of learning much, and during the recent tour in Australia he captained England in the last Test match with credit. He should make a virile, but not flamboyant, captain, in whom his side unquestionably will have faith. Any Test match with the sides captained by such men as A. Melville and Yardley should provide a proper game of cricket." Perhaps the last sentence of this excerpt contains the tribute which will appeal most to us. For any comparable achievement by an Old Peterite in first-class cricket we must go back to Frank Mitchell, in the early years of the century, who had the twin distinctions of captaining South Africa and also playing for England. Norman Yardley, who is 32, should have many more years of cricket, and real greatness would seem to be in store for him. ITEMS W. R. Child (School House, 1936.40), who joined the lower deck, R.N.V.R., in the war, and after service in a minesweeper and later at Trincomalee, became a Midshipman and ultimately 2nd Lieutenant, has remained in the Navy and is now Lieutenant R.N. acting as Fighter Direction Officer. He is at present on a 21 years' commission with base at Hong Kong. His address is Lt. (A) W. R. Child, H.M.S. Sussex, c/o. G.P.O., London. * * * The following extract from a letter sent to us towards the end of March by Lt.-Col. J. Noel Blenkin, M.C., O.B.E., from G.H.Q., Middle East Land Forces, will be of interest to many O.P.'s "I came overseas in early 1943 and since then have met O.P.'s in all parts of the world. In East Africa I met a fellow by the name of Fletcher, and in Cairo I met another O.P. by name, I think, Lancaster, and I lunched, along with Lt.-Col. Hamilton, with Brigadier and Mrs. Sewell. The Brigadier, you will remember, married Miss Betty Toyne, a daughter of a former Headmaster, Mr. S. M. Toyne. The Brigadier plays a great deal of hockey, and I have been refereeing. After my plane crash at Baghdad in December, 1945, in which I broke my back and my left leg, I fear, even if age didn't enforce it, that my playing days are over. On one occasion the Brigadier played in a hockey match in Cairo in which there were no less than four Old Peterites playing. . ." * * * 9 We hear that W. R. Middlebrook (The Rise, 1929.32) is now a Research Fellow at Leeds University, having gained an International Wool Secretariat Fellowship. He is engaged in research into the structure of proteins. His previous work as a research chemist for the Wool Industries Research Association led directly to two patents, one for the production of unshrinkable wool and the other for the manufacture of wool with a "silky" finish. * * Norman Yardley goes from distinction to distinction in English cricket. We congratulate him on his appointment to the Selection Committee for the series of tests against the South African touring side. K. R. G. Harper (1939.44) was selected to play for the English Universities v. Scottish Universities at hockey on 15th March, at Edinburgh, though the match was cancelled. A Broadhurst (Temple, 1937.41), K. Lockwood (Temple, 1930.36), and R. Hobson (The Manor, 1942.44), together with J. C. M. Rayson, the Captain of the present School XI, were all included in the team of sixteen young players of York which met the Yorkshire County XI at York in a two-day match on 30th April and 1st May. Rayson ,(30) and Broadhurst (27) were almost the only notable innings in a game which was decisively won by the County XI under the captaincy of Bowes. * * * D. J. Pallant (The Manor, 1943.46) has gained a Cadetship under an Army scheme which enables recruits with suitable qualifica- tions to take a course in civil engineering to the standard of Intermediate B.Sc. and leading to the A.M.I.C.E. After a brief period of Army primary training he is now at Loughborough University College at the start of this two-year course. He was 17th in a list of 320 applicants and is to be congratulated on his success. * * * We are glad to learn that Basil Radford (1911.15) has recovered from the serious illness which kept him from the stage for a prolonged period of many months. He is now back in the cast of "Clutterbuck" at Wyndham's Theatre, has been heard recently "on the air," and is shortly to begin filming. It is good news that he is able to resume work as vigorously as ever, and we hope sincerely that he is perman- ently recovered. It appears that J. E. Thompson (The Rise, 1939.42), whom we reported in our last issue as having joined the Bradford Drama School, changed his mind at the last moment and joined the West Riding Theatre (an experimental company sponsored by the Arts Council). After graduating in small parts he met with quick success and played Larry in "They Walk Alone," with Jean Forbes Robertson as Emmy, and later Tobias in James Bridie's "Tobias and the Angel." Un- fortunately for his career the Army has now claimed him—though the inevitable has happened, and instead of being posted to a unit, he is organizing entertainments at the Depot at Aldershot. 10 OBITUARY The Rev. E. W. Clarke The death occurred in April of the Rev. Ernest W. Clarke, who was at St. Peter's from 1885 to 1893. He was priest-in-charge at Dalton, Thirsk. The funeral took place on the 12th April at Kilburn, where he had been Vicar for ten years prior to his transference to Dalton a year ago. He was 72. John Cannon Robson We deeply regret to record the death of John C. Robson (The Rise, 1940-42). He was killed in a taxi accident in March when riding to the Station after being demobilised from the R.A.F. at Preston. He was 21, and is well remembered by many still in the School. We extend our sincere sympathy to his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Robson, of 31 Milton Street, Saltburn, and to his younger brother, H. C. Robson, who was also in the Rise. Ernest John Walton The death has occurred at Tramore, Ireland, of a Peterite rugger player of distinction, Ernest John Walton. He went from St. Peter's to Oxford and gained a rugby "Blue" in 1900. In the following year he played for England against Wales and Ireland and was again capped against Scotland in 1902. He had been in business in Siam before his retirement to Tramore BIRTHS DONKING.—On 24th February, 1947, at Beech Bank, Danby, Yorks., to Barbara, wife of T. Warley Donking—a daughter. HAMILTON MACK.—On 20th April, 1947, at White Lodge, Franschelei, Kapellenbosch, Belgium, to Helen (nee Collier), wife of G. H. Hamilton Mack—a daughter. MARRIAGE TROOP : MILNER-GIBSON.—On 3rd May, 1947, in New Delhi, Group Captain C. L. Troop, Air Headquarters, India, to Tremain, widow of Lieut.-Comdr. J. W. F. Milner-Gibson, D.S.C., R.N. ENGAGEMENTS The engagement is announced between Geo. Wm. Harding, only son of Mr. and Mrs. G. W. Harding, Montrose Villa, East Parade, York, and Ann, younger daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. M. Frankland, Heslington, York. The engagement is announced between Sub-Lt. Peter Marshall Penniston, R.N., son of the late W. A. Penniston and Mrs. Beaumont, of Nesbit Hall, Pudsey, near Leeds, and Daphne Caroline, second daughter of Sir Geoffrey and Lady Byass, of Fairmead, Duffield Park, near Slough. The engagement is announced between Guy Edwin King, elder son of Dr. and Mrs. H. E. King Reynolds, of York, and Norma, only daughter of Mrs. Russell and the late Mr. Lansdowne Russell, of Southampton and Bournemouth. 11 OXFORD LETTER Oxford. 30th April, 1947. We see no real reason why we should mention the weather during the Hilary Term at all, unless it is to signify that its ravages were felt in Oxford as severely as in the rest of this benighted land. Those of us who depended upon electricity for warmth were obliged to spend the Shinwellian periods under the shelter of centrally-heated libraries or in the warmth that blanketed the rooms of the more fortunate among us. On more than one occasion we were to be found gratefully enjoying the heat of Duffield's gas-fire and listening incredulously to his tales of the insatiable appetite for sixpences that the monster had. Games were played hardly at all. Except for the squash courts, no other field of sport was much used—though at the very beginning of the term Duffield turned out with a B.N.C. hockey team against Caius, Cambridge: through no fault of Duffield's, Caius contrived to win. Then the snows came and work seemed to be .the topic of the day_ Libraries and lecture halls were crowded to capacity as the eternal search for knowledge went on—or for those who drank not so deep from the Castalian spring (or from anywhere else), the search for some- thing at least respectable and seemingly original to put in their essays. In this atmosphere your four representatives lived and had their being and occasionally moved too. F. L. Duffield (B.N.C.), our senior scholar, was rarely to be found very far from the above-mentioned gas-fire. His rapid approach to finals was as much a reason for this as the ice age we were experiencing. Sundays and Fridays appeared to be his days of leisure—on Saturdays he was always very hard at work on the "Telegraph- cross-word puzzle; and, if encountered on these days, he would talk with varying degrees of enthusiasm about German symbolist poets, his 330 yard tee-shot from the 18th—the tricky one, you know—and incredible bacchanalian adventures of the misty past. J. D. Taylor Thompson (Balliol), approaching the last lap of his Honour Mods., was also in studious mood during the term. Thought- ful Saturdays were spent playing squash with Tee or giving Duffield ill-rewarded advice on the solution of his crossword puzzle—where those prizes go to, we can't think: there must be some horrible mistake. From his amazing hoard of B.U.'s he produced some remark- ably good cakes, the quality of which attracted us fairly regularly to his rooms. As we go to press, we hear that he has passed Honour Mods. with a first and feel sure that the School will join with us in acclaiming this academic distinction. P. F. Tee (Christ Church), up for his first term upon release from the Marines, has surprised everybody by abandoning the humanities for Spanish and French—or Romance, as they are com- monly known. He has rooms at the top of an Olympian flight of 12 stairs where he awaits intrepid climbers with pots of tea and muffins to fortify them for the long descent. He can often be found about eleven o'clock in Fuller's drinking the inevitable coffee; and the steps of the Taylorian are frequently worn a little more by his busy feet. J. M. Banister (B.N.C.), also up for his first term after his service in the mines, seemed to spend his time bewailing the large amount of work his tutor expected of him. He appeared to consider that one's first term should consist of a gentle process of acclimatisation with a minimum of work. When more senior members of the University pointed out that the amount of work he was doing was in reality a "minimum" compared with what he would be doing three years hence, an unbelieving look was seen to cross his face. He went through a period of acute anxiety when the Ministry of Labour discovered he had been released by a clerical error and were many weeks regularising the matter; apparently he caused a mino(e)r upheaval in Whitehall. Upon which cheerful note we will finish this report, wishing the School the best of good fortune in all its enterprises and hoping for a new influx of its members to our select coterie. Yours faithfully, THE OXFORD O.P.'s. CAMBRIDGE LETTER Cambridge. March, 1947. The Editors of "The Peterite." Dear Sirs, Like the rest of the country, Cambridge suffered, during last term, at the hands of the weather and Mr. Shinwell—even the "reddest" of Socialist undergraduates turned varying shades of blue as they shivered in the bleakness of fireless rooms. For the first time almost within living memory every "Cuppers" competition was cancelled and only the hardy oarsmen broke the ice to row the Lent Bumps. Consequently it has been a term of indoor activities, with "beer and talk" as opposed to the "sherry and conversation" of Oxford forming the background. In this sphere, Old Peterites have figured in varying degrees. P. A. Lockwood, still with us, was observed at a certain dinner party, minus collar, lamenting the position of the country. He is very friendly with the Emmanuel Harvard Scholar and has certain American habits—the latest of which, a bad one, is a jeep. G. E. King Reynolds, another gentleman from Emmanuel, was to be seen every afternoon ploughing through the snow on the running track. He ran hard, but not hard enough in the University Sports. Work and his duties as President of the C.U. Geographical Society brought about his almost complete withdrawal from social life. 13 C. A. F. Cookson (Emmanuel) continues to box on occasions for the Varsity as witnessed by his difficulty in eating and talking at certain times. In private life he holds huge tea parties and has, we are told, a private source of beer and someone who darns his socks. Spink (Emmanuel) has succeeded in his record attempt to take up residence. A somewhat retiring individual, he keeps his landlady under strict control and disbelieves most things that are open to question. Borrowing Mr. Lockwood's jeep, we leave the H.Q. of Cambridge O.P.'s and visit the others scattered in outlying colleges. Passing Christ's one conjures up Mountain in the mind's eye—he's rarely seen in the flesh. He is, apparently, always looking for other O.P.'s up and down Regent Street. His attachment to this street is due to the fact that he is "hen-pecked" by his room-mate and can only remain indoors at certain times. Arrived at St. John's, we can call upon three O.P.'s. The first, Mr. Jung, we should never find. Like the Loch Ness monster, some- one "saw" him once last term, but no one really believes it. A. J. Shardlow is nearly always found in the centre court of John's, deep in conversation and a "just about to row don't-you-know" air about him. No doubt he rowed in the Lent Bumps, but the authors of this letter had found a large fire to sit round on the days the Bumps were held and so were unable to witness Mr. Shardlow bullying the Lady Margaret crews to greater efforts. "Taffy" Evans is harder to find than the above. He seems to work quite hard and finds the Union and its bar conveniently near his college. Leaving St. John's we called upon the remaining three O.P.'s. All were out. Mr. Blackburn, of Caius, had not been seen by anyone, but on occasions alarming sounds from a squash court seemed to indicate that the said gentleman was taking some exercise. Drummond, of Trinity, was also absent from his room, though it bore signs of recent occupation. A queer person told us to search the picture queues, but, alas, we had some work to do. Finally we discovered that Terry (Trinity Hall) was not at home to anyone, least of all to O.P.'s. He works hard but can be seen at exercise walking briskly round the University Library. Thus you witness us, dear Sirs, separated now by circumstances, cliques and the fashions of men but united by our interest in the School and all its activities. We, in turn, humbly contribute from the life of the School as we knew it to the life of the University—be it the hard-fisted strategy of Cookson or the discussions on "Dialectical Materialism" and "Logical' Positivism" of Messrs. Lockwood and Reynolds. Once more, with best wishes to the School, we remain, Sirs, Yours faithfully, THE CAMBRIDGE OLD PETER ITES. 14 SANDHURST LETTER 14th April. To the Editors of "The Peterite." Dear Sirs, Having read for some years the Oxford and Cambridge letters published termly in "The Peterite," I am prompted to write and suggest that there should be a Sandhurst letter published, if not termly, at least yearly. Our course at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, takes 18 months, and as there is to be a regular influx of cadets every three months or so, it seems that any Old Peterite who is taking up the Army as a career will find himself here sooner or later. At the moment we have only two Old Peterites, Ian Baker (School House, 1942.45) who came to the Academy via the R.A.C., and M. G. Jones (The Manor,' 1941.45), who came via the Royal Marines and the Royal Sussex Regt. However, we hear that two more O.P.'s are joining us in the summer, having completed their "stretch" in the ranks, and we can only hope that we are the fore- runners of many more. In closing, I will only mention that I feel sure that we work, both physically and mentally, considerably harder than our con- temporaries at the Universities, many of whom are still labouring under the delusion that a square is a four-sided figure (with due apologies to all returned Servicemen). Wishing the School every success in the future. Yours faithfully, M. G. JONES, O.P. (It seems likely that there will be many O.P.'s at Sandhurst in the near future, and we heartily endorse the proposal in the above letter.—Editors.) CALENDAR, SUMMER TERM, 1947 MAY 2 Fr. Boarders Return. 3 Sa. Full Term Begins. 4 Su. Fourth Sunday after Easter. 10 Sa. Visit of Secretary, Public Schools Employment Bureau. 11 Su. Rogation Sunday. Preacher: The Chaplain. 14 W. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Bootham School. Away. 15 Th. Ascension Day. 8.45 a.m. Special Chapel Service. 11 a.m. Governors' Meeting. 16 Fr. 2 p.m. Junior School Athletic Sports. 15 17 Sa. 1st XI v. Clifton C.C. Home. Colts "Under 15" XI v. Bootham School. Home. i8 Su. Sunday after Ascension. 20 Tu. 6 p.m. Talk on the Royal Artillery, by Brigadier J. L. Maxwell, C.B.E., M.C. 21 W. 1st XI v. York C.C. Home. 24 Sa. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Giggleswick School. Home. 25 Su. Whitsunday. Preacher: The Headmaster. 28 W. 1st XI v. Durham School. Home. 2nd XI v. Durham School. Away. 1st and 2nd IV's v. Leeds University. Home. 31 Sa. 1st and 2nd XI's v. Worksop College. Home. Colts "Under 16" and "Under 15" XI's v. Worksop College. Away. JUNE I Su. Trinity Sunday. 3 Tu. Entrance Scholarship Examination (Senior School) (Two Days). 4 W. 1st XI v. C. E. Anson's XI. Home. 5 Th. Annual J.T.C. Inspection. 7 Sa. 1st XI v. Leeds Grammar School. Home. 2nd XI v. Leeds Grammar School. Away. 1st and 2nd IV's v. Nottingham High School. Away. 8 Su. First Sunday after Trinity. Preacher: The Chaplain. 11 W. 1st XI v. Manchester Grammar School. Away. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Ampleforth College. Away. 1st and 2nd IV's—Leeds University "At Home." Away. 14 Sa. 1st XI v. Giggleswick School. Away. 2nd XI v. Giggleswick School. Home. Colts "Under 15" XI v. Newburgh Priory School. Home. Newark Regatta. 15 Su. Second Sunday after Trinity. 18 W. Semi-Final House Match. 19 Th. 11 a.m. Governors' Meeting. 21 Sa. 1st XI v. Yorkshire Gentlemen. Home. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Durham School. Away. York Regatta. 22 Su. Third Sunday after Trinity. Preacher: Canon G. W. 0. Addleshaw. 23 M. Entrance Examination to Senior School (Two Days). 24 Tu. Certificate "A" Examination. 25 W. Semi-Final House Match. Colts "Under 15" XI v. Bootham School. Away. 28 Sa. 1st XI v. Ampleforth College. Away. 2nd XI v. Ampleforth College. Home. 1st and 2nd IV's v. Oundle. Away. 16 29 Su. St. Peter's Day. Preacher: The Chaplain. 30 M. Higher School Certificate Examination begins. JULY 2 W. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Bootham School. Home. 5 Sa. 1st XI v. Bradford Grammar School. Away. 2nd XI v. Bradford Grammar School. Home. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Bradford Grammar School. Home. 6 Su. Fifth Sunday after Trinity. 8 Tu. J.T.C. and Scout Field Day. 9 W. Final House Match. 10 Th. School Certificate Examination begins. 12 Sa. 1st XI v. Craven Gentlemen. Home. Colts "Under 16" XI v. Leeds Grammar School. Home. 13 Su. Sixth Sunday after Trinity. 17 Th. 11 a.m. Governors' Meeting. 19 Sa. 1st XI v. Bootham School. Home. 2nd XI v. Bootham School. Away. Colts "Under 15" XI v. Newburgh Priory School. Away. 20 Su. Seventh Sunday after Trinity. Preacher: The Headmaster. 22 Tu. 3 p.m. Senior. School Swimming Sports. 23 W. 1st X1 v. T. H. Hobson's XI. Away. 2.30 p.m. Junior School Swimming Sports. 24 Th. 6 p.m. School Concert. 25 Fr. 1st XI v. Old Peterites. Home. (Two Days.) 26 Sa. 11 a.m. Speech Day and Distribution of Prizes. Afternoon:—O.P. Cricket Match (Second Day). Rowing—School v. Old Peterites. 27 Su. Eighth Sunday after Trinity. 11 a.m. Commemoration Service. Preacher: Rev. P. P. Noble Fawcett. 28 M. Full Term ends. 29 Tu.—Sa., Aug. 2. Yorkshire Public Schools Cricket Week. Sunday Services are:—Holy Communion 8.15 a.m. Matins 10.30 a.m. Evensong 6.30 p.m. VALETE AND SALVETE VALETE (March, 1947) TEMPLE I. R. Riley. IVC. SALVETE (May, 1947) THE MANOR P. W. Newhouse (Shell). D. A. White (Shell). 17 SCHOOL OFFICERS EASTER TERM, 1947 School Monitors : Head of School and The Manor—F. J. CHADWICK. Head of The Rise—P. R. SYKES. Head of School House—L. D. EDINGER. Head of Temple—D. HARDISTY. Chapel Monitor—J. C. M. RAYSON. P. J. SHARDLOW. K. W. WILSON. J. H. AMOS. House Monitors : The Manor—F. R. BOWN, R. L. HUTCHINSON, R. DOBSON, W. GRAHAM, C. FRANK. The Rise—H. L. DIXON, D. H. TATE. School House—P. T. WADE, C. K. HUDSON, T. M. A. GRIFFITHS. Temple—F. N. NEWDICK, J. D. DENCH, J. H. 0. PARKER, P. J. TEMPLE. Captain of Rugger—W. GRAHAM. Captain of Boats—D. HARDISTY. Captain of Hockey—H. L. DIXON. Captain of Athletics—C. FRANK. Captain of Squash—D. J. OLIVER. Captain of Shooting—F. J. CHADWICK. Captain of Fencing—P. R. SYKES. Captain of Boxing—F. N. NEWDICK. Captain of Chess—P. R. SYKES, C.S.M. in J.T.C.—F. J. CHADWICK. Editors of "The Peterite" : D. HARDISTY, J. H. 0. PARKER, L. D. EDINGER, P. R. SYKES, J. C. M. RAYSON.

HOUSE NOTES THE MANOR We are now settled down comfortably in our new boarding house at 24 Clifton, and work and games proceed with a will. This term we would like to welcome to the Manor, Mr. Jeffs, our new Assistant House Master, and to express our thanks to Mr. Harding for filling the gap during the Christmas Term. This term a Photographic and a Philatelic Society have been formed. Both of these are strongly supported, and it is hoped will be a continued source of interest in the future. 18 We were sorry to lose Dook so suddenly at the end of last term, but would like to offer him our congratulations on obtaining such excellent results in his Naval Exams. We wish every success to him in his new life at Dartmouth, and to Pallant also in his Army career. We would like to thank them both for all they have done for the House. Congratulations to Chadwick on his appointment as Head of School. Congratulations also to Graham as Captain of Rugger, Frank as House Monitor and Captain of Athletics, Oliver as Captain of Squash, and Dobson on obtaining his School Boxing Colours. We only had two inter-house events this term: the Squash and the Chess. In the semi-final of the Squash we beat the Rise. Oliver beat Sykes 3-0, Graham beat Rayson 3-0 and Dobson beat Thompson 3-1. In the final, however, School House triumphed. Oliver beat Hudson 3-0, the remaining two Manor strings lost. We would like to congratulate School House on their win after a good match. In the Chess we were more fortunate, beating School House in the semi-finals and the Rise in the final. The credit for this success largely goes to Jenkins, who has created and fostered a keenness for chess throughout the House during the last two terms.

THE RISE In the games world this term the Rise has not done anything sensational, but that can truly be said of the whole School! First Rugger, then Athletics, and finally Boating have all had to be abandoned on account of the weather, and Hockey has only been played spasmodically. As a result of this the indoor games: Fencing, Boxing, Squash, and, in a lesser degree, Chess and Ping-Pong have all aroused considerable enthusiasm. With our usual luck we drew Manor for the semi-finals of the Inter-House Squash matches and were beaten by three matches to nil. Our Chess team surprised everyone, including themselves, by beating Temple easily in the semi- finals and giving Manor a very good match in the final. Incidentally, we congratulate Manor on retaining the trophy. We were well represented in both the Fencing and the Boxing teams, and we con- gratulate all our representatives on their performances. Two knock- out Ping-Pong championships were held during the term and an amazingly high standard of play was reached. H. L. Dixon and D. Thompson were the winners. Throughout the term the House has had to cope with a fuel shortage which at times became serious. This and constant snow clearing has necessitated a good deal of manual labour, which was generally accepted in the right spirit. In particular, Dixon and his gangs of "volunteers" did a very good job of work by clearing nine separate falls of snow from the quad. 19 At this point we must take the opportunity of congratulating Mr. and Mrs. Crews on the birth of their second daughter. If the second is anything like the first we are very much looking forward to meeting her. One of the little known activities of the House is a flourishing Stamp Club, which meets once a week under the direction of Mr. Crews. There are, we understand, three separate Philatelic Societies in the School at the moment. Possibly the next competitive event to be introduced will be Inter-House Philately! We are very glad to have been visited this term by several Old Risites. Incidentally, it will probably interest past members of the House to know that the editors of "The Risite" have decided to re-commence publication at the end of this school year. It was only in our last edition that we welcomed Mrs. Kimberley to the Rise as our new matron. Now we are faced with the melancholy task of saying goodbye. We are very grateful to her for all she has done for us during her brief stay of two terms and we are somewhat consoled by the fact that although she is leaving the Rise, Mrs. Kimberley is remaining with the School in the capacity of Domestic Supervisor. Also this term the School has had to say goodbye to Mr. and Mrs. Steel, who have left us several years before they intended to do so because of Mr. Steel's illness. We feel that the School will not be quite the same place without them, and we wish them the very best of luck in the future. SCHOOL HOUSE We were fortunate in starting the term with the reappearance of Mr. Rhodes after his sudden illness, and we hope he will be able to continue his very active work for both the House and the School. We must first congratulate sincerely Hudson and his team on a remarkable performance in the Inter-House Squash. Temple were beaten in the semi-finals in every game and then soon afterwards our second string retired to the San. A substitute was found and then Hudson was struck another blow, when, on the day of the finals, our third string retired, also to the San! However, the finals, against the Manor, were played none the less. Hudson lost to Oliver, not without a struggle and a good match, and then Greetham played Graham. After being 1--7 in the first game, Greetham managed to win and proceeded to win the next two games. Therefore when Dennis began to play the excitement was great. He lost the first two games and then won the third and fourth. The atmosphere was electrified as the final game began, and when, after some anxious moments, he won, great was the cheer he received, and we heartily congratulate Dennis on the award of his House Colours. It was a truly noteworthy performance by all, and we hope the cup will remain on the shelf for many years to come. 20 Hudson is also to be congratulated on the award of his Scl ool Squash Colours, and Edinger, Hannon, and Hudson on the award of their Shooting Colours. Perhaps one of the sadder moments of the term was our leaving the House dining-room, in order to occupy our place in the new one. The walls are now very bare; the pictures of the House groups have been removed and are going to be elsewhere in the House, neither do the cups reside there any longer, but thanks to Mr. Fawcett are now imposingly situated at the head of the stairs near the linen cupboard. The term has not passed without the House suffering, as we have already seen, from the misfortunes of the epidemic of 'flu, and considerable have been the numbers who left our ranks to retire to the San, or more correctly, perhaps, the Junior Common Room, which twice, together with the Junior Dorm. was turned into a sick-ward. The weather, as reported elsewhere, has stopped all the usual activities, but we cannot help but comment on the enthusiastic way in which the Quad. was cleared of snow innumerable times, to the accompaniment of much banging and scraping, and the scratch games of Hockey which took place thereon; not without considerable danger, once again, to the occupants of "3" and "4". Perhaps the reason for the House 'being up so early was the result of rising to see if the Quad. was again covered in snow, or, later in the term, to see if the floods had yet reached the Square! Although our Chess team was soundly 'beaten this term, the keenness shown in the more junior part of the House gives us great hopes for the future. Started this term, and thriving under the guidance of Mr. Howat, is a Philatelic Society. Meetings have been held every Monday, and some very interesting lectures have been given by various members. In this record we must again congratulate N. W. D. Yardley, on behalf of the House, of which he was a member, on his captaincy in the last Test match in Australia this year; we hope he will continue to do as well in future years. We must here also congratulate G. C. Greetham, who, at present still with us, has won a Choral Scholarship to Cambridge. We cannot close, however, without thanking Mr. Steel for his ever ready and valuable assistance to the House, and also Mrs. Steel for keeping us so well fed! We wish them the very best of luck in the future.

TEMPLE Since the weather has been so inconsiderate this term, there is very little to report. Our hopes of retaining the Athletics Shield and the Boating Cup were dashed when the snow and the following .21 thaw caused most of the Easter Term sports to be abandoned, but we found plenty of opportunities to exert ourselves, shovelling snow. "Indoor" sport has carried on as usual. The youthful Chess team did its best, but was well beaten by the more experienced Rise team. Our Squash team lost to School House, whom we congratulate on beating the Manor in the final. Our team had to be picked from a very small number of boys, but now that facilities for Squash have improved, we hope that the younger members of the House will swell that number. Congratulations to P. J. Temple on being appointed a House Monitor, to F. N. Newdick on being appointed Captain of School Boxing, and to D. Hardisty on the re-award of his Shooting Colours. So we have come to the end of what must have been among the most inactive terms in the history of the School as regards sport (although surely no one can say he has had no time for study!), but if we are blessed with better weather it is safe to say that every- thing will be back to normal next term and that the pages of the next "Peterite" will be filled as usual with news of activity and success.

THE OXFORD CUP, 1946-47 Points School Awarded Manor Rise House Temple Senior Rugger 20 — 20 — Junior Rugger 10 10 Senior Cricket 20 — Junior Cricket ... 10 — — Rowing (1st Division) 20 Abandoned. Rowing (2nd Division) 10 Abandoned. Athletics 1st ... 20 Abandoned. 2nd ... 10 Abandoned. Swimming 20 -- 20 — Squash 10 — 10 Tennis ... 10 — Shooting (Team) 5 Boxing ... 5 Fencing ... 5

NOTES AND ITEMS J. C. M. Rayson played for the team of the sixteen young players of York against the Yorkshire County XI in the match played on 30th April and 1st May. This old-standing fixture, a prelude to the County's championship season, has been revived after the inevitable war-time lapse. Rayson is to be congratulated on an excellent innings of 30, the second highest score for the York team. We hope that it is an omen of a good season as Captain of Cricket. 22 D. Oliver played in the Public Schools National Squash Championship at Wimbledon in the holidays. He reached the third round, losing at that stage to Hirsh (K.C.S., Wimbledon), 1-9, 9-4, 10-9, 9-6. In the first round he beat Warner (Hurstpierpoint), 9-0, 9-2, 9-2. His opponent in the second round was Burberry (Repton), whom he defeated 9-4, 9-3, 9-4.

LECTURES AND ENTERTAINMENTS On 28th February, Mr. Filshire visited the School and gave a talk on the work of the R.S.P.C.A. Mr. Filshire not only gave us many useful hints relating to the care of domestic pets, but told us about the cruelties which thoughtless people can inflict upon animals. Fox- hunting, he alleged, is a particularly cruel sport, and he deplored the furtive reintroduction of cock-fighting into Great Britain. We learnt that this vicious pastime is commonly indulged in in Northern France, where one keeper had fifty cocks in training! The sport is also to be found in parts of Northumberland, although the police are active in its suppression. He urged the abolition of spring-traps, which are capable of causing untold pain to animals, especially rabbits and hares. He told us that all too frequently dogs and cats are maimed by these traps. We are grateful to him for his interesting talk, and for the literature which was subsequently made available in the Library. Lt.-Cmdr. Bailey, R.N., addressed the School on the 10th February. His subject was "The Technical Branches of the Royal Navy." For those who may have been contemplating the Navy as a career Lt.-Cmdr. Bailey's talk was especially interesting. But, as is so frequently emphasised, it is an education to us all to hear about "the other man's job." We are most grateful for this opportunity to hear about the Navy from first-hand. The talk was followed by an exciting film, consisting of news-reel shots taken during actual actions. The intensity, danger, and excitement of the battles was admirably conveyed by the film. On the 25th February a careers talk was given to the Fifth and Sixth Forms on the subject of "Railways." The speaker was Mr. J. E. M. Roberts, Passenger Manager of the L.N.E.R. Mr. Roberts dealt very ably with his subject, but made it clear that only those who are really keen should consider the Railway as a career. Promotion, he maintained, depends solely on merit. But suitable men have the very best prospects of promotion in very fascinating work. He gave us an account of his own work with the L.N.E.R., and told us of the long hours of hard work which have to be done so that the Railways may function adequately. Perhaps the most complex task is the compilation of a time-table, which he likened to a crossword puzzle "on a grand scale." His talk may well have influenced many boys in the choice of their careers. It certainly gave us an insight into this most important branch of modern transport. 23 Mr. F. Seebohm, a Director of Barclay's Bank, talked to the Fifth and Sixth Forms on the 4th March. His subject was "Banking." Here again keenness is essential. Banking appears to be a most fascinating profession, and Mr. Seebohm showed how false are many people's notions of it. The prospects in Banking are very good for a man who is prepared to shoulder heavy responsibilities. One of the most enjoyable talks we have had was given by Rev. J. S. Purvis, M.A., the Archivist. On 11th March he spoke to the Fifth and Sixth Forms about his work at the Diocesan Registry. Those who know Mr. Purvis will realise that his fund of amusing anecdotes about life in Mediaeval and Elizabethan England is inexhaustable. He is one of those speakers who can make time fly, and we were all disappointed when he was obliged to stop. We have all savoured at least one yarn from the world of the past which Mr. Purvis is uncovering from its dust. His book which is to be published some time in the future should make most interesting reading. Especially delightful was the tale- of the boys, legend has it that they were Peterites, who played football in the Minster. We were all grateful' -to Mr. Purvis for a very humorous and amusing lecture. The last talk of the term was given by the R.A.F. Liaison Officer on 24th March. He dealt completely with the R.A.F. as a career. •ranwell is, of course, the best entry. Prospects are excellent, the salary scales comparing very favourably with those in industry and the professions. Conditions are very good, and he heartily recom- mended the Air Force as a career for men of action.

THE CHAPEL During the Easter Term we had visits from The Rev. A. Knowles, British and Foreign Bible Society; The Rev. E. H. Denyer, Vicar of St. Olave's; and The Very Rev. the Dean of York, who preached at Evensong on Sundays, 2nd and 16th February, and 23rd March, respectively. On Friday, 21st March, the following forty-three boys were Confirmed in Chapel by the Archbishop of York:—Senior School: H. Allanson, J. E. B. Annequin, A. M. Baird, P. T. Baker, J. M. Bond, J. G. Booth, G. Brooks, J. W. Burdass, A. Cawood, D. S. Chadwick, J. R. Dwyer, G. Elliott, D. M. Findlay, M. G. Goodburn, G. P. Gray, N. M. Hodd, R. M. Hodgson, R. W. Holmes, R. I. Hunt, P. D. F. James, M. E. Kershaw, H. Murray, R. T. Oxtoby, D. J. Pratt, D. M. A. Quirke, K. M. Ratcliff, E. Robinson, M. G. Roe, M. W. Senior, P. G. Taylor, J. N. Tomlinson, D. T. N. Tyne, K. Varley, P. Waine, J. D. C. Wall, D. Wilson, G. A. Wood; Junior School: W. A. Calvert, P. M. Duffield, D. Haw, G. W. Riley, P. G. Taylor, and B. B. Wennington. As the result of a special collection at Evensong on Sunday, 30th March, we were able to send X15 to the Lord Mayor of York for his Flood Distress Fund. 24 The Epiphany Procession with Carols. On Sunday, 26th January, the whole School was present at the Minster and took part in the most impressive Epiphany Service. The purpose of this Service is set out in its introduction as follows: "In former days Processions were Acts of Worship, not mere perambula- tions within a church. This service seeks to recover that older and better tradition by attaching to its movement a symbolical meaning appropriate to Epiphany, the manifestation of Christ to the Gentile world. There will be two processions, the First, moving from the East, represents the journey of the Wise Men bringing their gifts: the Second, moving from the North Transept, represents the pilgrimage of Everyman, of us all, to Bethlehem. The two processions meet, greet and unite at the West Door; and the pilgrimage continues up the central passage of the Nave to the gate of the Choir, where the new-born King is adored and the offerings made to our eternal high Priest. Lessons from the Prophets and the Gospels, alternating with the Carols, keep step with the progress." Christ's bringing of Light to the world was also symbolised in this Service, at the beginning of which the Minster was in darkness. As the two processions, with their torch-bearers, moved down the North and South aisles to the West Door the lights were gradually brought on, and by the time the combined processions had passed up the centre aisle to the Nave Altar the darkness had been turned to a blaze of light. The procession of "The Wise Men" was composed of the Minster Choir and Clergy, that of "Everyman" of the School Choir, the Head of the School carrying the Mace, two School Monitors, the Chaplain, four representatives of the Staff and the Headmaster. Six House Monitors were the torch-bearers in our procession. The unaccompanied voices of the School Choir, under the direction of Mr. Waine, were most effective in the Minster, both in the carol "The Noble Stem of Jesse," sung as the procession approached through the darkness from the North Transept, and in the antiphonal singing with the Minster Choir across the Nave, while in the hymns, the main body of the School produced a standard of congregational singing rarely heard outside a school chapel. Unlike the visits to the Minster on Advent Sunday in former years, the School was able to take a real active part in this Epiphany Service, and it is to be hoped that it will become an annual event.

THE CHOIR The highlights of the term were the visit to York Minster on Sunday, 26th January, of which an account is given above, and the Choir supper, which took place in the former School House Dining Room at 7 p.m. on Friday, 28th March. 25 After a short speech by the Headmaster, to which Mr. Waine briefly responded, a sing-song was held round the fire. Songs were sung from the Oxford Song Book, and those whom the Headmaster had earlier in the evening termed the "lay members" of the choir, Mr. Chilman, Mr. Jeffs, Mr. Calder, Mr. Howat, Mr. Piers, and Mr. Stevens, sang two unaccompanied part songs, Thomas Wood's arrangement of "Waltzing Matilda" and "The Mulligan Musketeers."

THE LIBRARY Librarians : L. BURGESS, Esq., R. L. McDERMID, D. HARDISTY, D. H. TATE, F. R. BOWN, F. N. NEWDICK, D. F. RINGROSE. The following books have been added to the Library this term:— Industrial Record, 1919-1939. Vegetable Dyes—Ethel Mairet. Glass: The Miracle Maker—C. J. Philips. Elementary Astronomy—E. A. Beet. Footprints in Malaya—Sir Frank Swettenham (2nd copy). Discovery (Vols. 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10). Our Bird Book—Rogerson and Tunnicliffe. Masterpieces of Bird Photography—Hosking and Lowes. The British Commonwealth and Empire (Edited by W. J. Turner). Europe in the 19th and 20th Century, 1815-1939—E. Lipson. The History of Kirby Underdale—W. R. Shepherd. Normandy to the Baltic—Field-Marshal Viscount B. L. Montgomery. Operation Victory—Maj.-General Sir Francis de Guingand. The British Isles—L. Dudley Stamp and S. H. Beaver. Athletics—J. Hansen. May we, through the medium of "The Peterite," ask users of the Library to replace books on the correct shelves when they have finished using them. THE DEBATING SOCIETY Two full meetings of the Debating Society were held this term and both were excellent, well-attended debates. At the first meeting the house enjoyed the rare privilege of hearing the Headmaster and Mr. Burgess speaking against each other on a subject which gave them every opportunity to use all the many tricks of oratory at their command. The subject for debate was "This House approves of the principle of the closed shop." The Headmaster was the proposer and Mr. Burgess was opposing the motion. , They were seconded by J. E. Stuart and J. H. Amos respectively. After a very good debate the motion was defeated by 72 votes to 16. 26 At the second meeting of the Society, Mr. L. C. Le Tocq under- took to propose that "This House urges the adoption of a system of equal pay for men and women." He was seconded by G. A. Radford and opposed by Mrs. Bainton, who was seconded by P. R. Sykes. After another very amusing and, in places, instructive debate, the motion was defeated by 39 votes to 10. Next term, as is the usual procedure, the Society will presumably lapse into obscurity in favour of outdoor occupations. However, we can confidently expect that at the beginning of the next school year the Society's activities will be renewed with just as great success.

THE MUSICAL SOCIETY This term, because of the weather and sundry other causes, there was rather less activity than had been expected. However, five recitals were presented, two of which were instrumental. We very much enjoyed an illustrated talk on "Moods in Music," given by Mr. C. P. Lovell, the Director of Music at Bootham School, and a party of pianists under the leadership of Welch and Carlin gave us a delight- ful evening of music for two pianos. Mr. Fawcett, Dench, and Welch gave very interesting gramophone recitals. The term, then, was far from devoid of activity. Mr. Fawcett's recitals of the works of Gilbert and Sullivan have become a traditional termly event and are enjoyed very much by members of the Society. A Choral Society was formed at the beginning of term which, together with the School Orchestra, was to have performed Stanford's "Revenge" in the School Concert. When it became necessary for the Junior School to close temporarily, it was seen that rehearsals would be adversely affected, and it was decided to postpone the performance until next term. A private performance, with the limited resources at our disposal, was, however, given on the last Thursday of term, and it showed very great promise. The Orchestra consisted of:- Violins—Mr. G. W. Stevens (Leader), Greetham, Norwood, Wilson (D. J.), Daneff. Viola—Dryden. Violoncello—Mason. Flute—Elliott. Clarinets—Mr. A. T. Howat, Dennis. Trumpet—Frater. Timpani—Ham. Percussion—March, Mortimer. 27 THE SCIENCE SOCIETY Three meetings have been held this term, one of which was a film show and the others talks on "Radio" and "Out-of-gauge Loads." Visits were arranged to the Press Office and the Radar Exhibition in York. A fuller account of these is given elsewhere. Three films were shown at the first meeting on 1st February. The first depicted the use of penicillin for wounded men during the war. The stages in the discovery and preparation of the pure product were also shown. The next film showed the building up and use of a cathode ray tube. The two uses given were the cathode ray oscillograph and the apparatus used to determine the distance of electrical storms from meteorological stations. The last film described the manufacture of the Mosquito aircraft. It showed the building of the wooden structure and emphasized the great accuracy and precision in all the work. A talk entitled "Radio" was given by Mr. Harris at the meeting held on 22nd February. The talk was a description of the construction and use of certain parts of a wireless set. Various forms of these parts were passed round the audience for inspection. The last meeting, held on 13th March, consisted of a very inter- esting and informative talk by Mr. H. S. Wood on "Out-of-gauge Loads." Mr. Wood is an Old Peterite at present in the Engineer's Department of the L.N.E.R., York. His talk described how the Railway Company transports bulky goods and abnormal loads from one place to another, and was illustrated by many lantern slides. Mr. J. Burton, the L.N.E.R. Official Photographer, showed a film he had made of the passage through this area recently of the 130-ton stator bound for Birmingham, for which Mr. Wood was responsible. Mr. Burton also showed some recent pictures of the snowbound railway between Barnard Castle and Kirkby Stephen. Mr. Wood was bombarded with questions at the end of the lecture—a sure sign that the subject was interesting. We heartily thank both Mr. Wood and Mr. Burton for such an instructive and enjoyable evening.

A VISIT TO THE YORKSHIRE HERALD PRINTING WORKS On 27th January, 1947, eighteen members of the Science Society spent a very interesting afternoon at the Yorkshire Herald Printing Works, by kind permission of the Editor, Mr. A. Cobham. We were shown, in three groups, round the Composing Room, Processing Room, Commercial Printing Department, and the Printing Press Room. News is received from Leeds and London by creed machines. The sender types out the message on a special "typewriter" which punches holes corresponding to the morse of the letter in a strip of paper. He places this strip of paper in a machine which sends electric impulses corresponding to the holes along a wire (owned by 28 the company) to York. Here the impulses cause a machine to punch corresponding holes in another strip of paper. This is fed into a fourth machine which translates the holes back into words. This news, together with items and articles which are received from local reporters and correspondents, is passed to the editor's offices, whence they are sent to the Composing Room. Here, lines of type (which are made from a tnetal consisting of lead, tin and antimony) are made by "Linotype" machines. At each machine an operator types on a keyboard, and as he taps out the story, matrices of the letters rattle into place until a line is completed. The molten metal is then automatically poured in the matrices and a cast of the complete line in type-metal is made. After casting, an arm on the Linotype comes down and takes the matrices to the top of the machine, where a screw pushes them along to their respective compartments. Here they are deposited as the ends of the matrices are cut in a special way so that this happens. Line after line is cast until there is a whole article. Photographs are dealt with in the Processing Room. Here they are developed and printed, and the prints are photographed by a special camera on to a photographic plate placed behind a screen of wire netting with a mesh of 65 lines to the inch, forming a glass negative. The camera does not point at the photographs, but at right angles to them, the light being reflected into it by a total reflecting prism. The purpose of the screen is to break up the picture into fine dots in order to produce gradations in the final reproduction. The light provided for this camera is from two carbon arc lamps. A zinc plate, sensitised with a yellow film containing fish glue and potassium bichromate, is exposed behind the glass negative to the light from a carbon arc lamp for about ten minutes. The action of the light makes the parts corresponding to the dark parts of the original photo- graph resistant to the subsequent action of the acid. The yellow sensitised surface is least affected on those parts corresponding with the light parts of the photograph. This yellow film is washed off under a cold water tap and the plate is then put in a machine in which an electric motor drives paddles that splash weak nitric acid on it, thus eating away the non-resistant part of the plate, leaving the other part standing out in relief. The plate is then heated. over a gas ring. In the the Composing Room the type and photographs are fixed tightly into a metal frame known as a "forme." With a sheet of papier mache called a "flong," it is then put in a hydraulic press which, with a force of 680 tons weight, impresses the flong. Strips of card- board are placed on any large spaces left for late news. After being in the hydraulic press, the flong acts as a mould for the next process, which consists of forcing molten type-metal against the flong to form a semi-circular block for the printing press. This is rapidly trimmed in another machine and the trimmings thrown on to moving rollers which take them back into the melting pot. 29 When two such blocks have been fitted in the printing press, and a large cylinder containing five miles of paper is in position, the printing machine is started. The printing is done with great rapidity by this powerful press, which produces 40,000 copies an hour. The noise is almost deafening. Books, magazines, advertisements, etc., are printed in a similar manner. In the case of books and magazines, large sheets are printed and then folded and cut, so that eight or sixteen pages are formed by a single sheet. These groups of eight or sixteen pages are then bound together with cotton or muslin and glue in the correct order to form the magazine or book. Mr. Cobham also told us what the newspaper company does and how it is governed. This is done by two committees of three each. "The Yorkshire Evening Press" is a Kemsley newspaper and is non- political. All the news is collected by the office, but owing to the paper shortage only the most important items are printed. A collection of photographs of prominent people is kept in York and there is a reference department at Leeds. We spent one and a half hours at the Printing Works, concluding our visit in the Editor's Office, where we saw some very interesting books containing copies of the "York Courant," the local paper of a century ago.

VISIT TO RADAR EXHIBITION During the term a party of Science Society members visited an exhibition of Royal Air Force radar equipment at Messrs. Leak and Thorpe's. Radar personnel were present to answer questions and to demonstrate the apparatus. Among the most interesting exhibits were Gee and I-12S, which were to be seen working. Gee is the code word for a system by which an aircraft or ship's navigator can fix his position by taking bearings on two fixed radio- location stations, and is rather similar to the American Loran system. 112S was installed during the war on bombing aircraft, and by means of a rotating beam of centimetric waves a series of reflections are produced which are received and transferred to a cathode-ray tube indicator, where it shows up as a map of the surrounding countryside. There were also on display a cathode-ray oscillograph, an I.F.F. (Identification, Friend or Foe) set, and a set of valves as used in radar equipment, including a magnetron. Visitors were allowed to operate most of the apparatus, and the party took full advantage of this unique opportunity. 30 A VISIT TO COOKE, TROUGHTON & SIMMS' OPTICAL WORKS Permission to visit their Lens Factory on Friday 7th February, was kindly given by Messrs. Cooke, Troughton & Simms, and accordingly the Middle Sixth physicists made good use of this opportunity and spent a most interesting and informative afternoon. The factory was built in 1939, and during the war was engaged largely on secret work. The firm then had some 2,000 employees, but now the number has dwindled to about 800. The building is by no means void of activity, and it is in fact difficult to visualise how the other 1,200 could have been employed. The firm has another factory in York near Bishop's Hill, and yet another further away in London. The firm is well known for the exceedingly high quality of the instruments turned out. At the moment the chief products of the factory are theodolites, naval range-finders, and miscroscopes of all types, ranging from the highly developed Vickers' projection miscroscope to ordinary school miscroscopes. The factory has its own forge where the parts for the different instruments are made, but it imports all its glass both for prism and lens making. It also has its own drawing office where the plans for all the instruments are designed and drawn. The lenses and prisms, when they have been cut and moulded, are polished first of all with emery powder and then with ferric oxide, better known, perhaps, as "jewellers' rouge." During the war a new substance, cerium oxide, was used fairly extensively in place of the jewellers' rouge, but the latter is generally considered as being slightly the more efficient of the two. The size of the lenses ranged from the size of a pin-head to 3 ins. in diameter, and it was difficult to realise that the minute pieces of glass used for miscroscope objectives were indeed lenses. Objectives are corrected for chromatic and spherical aberration and the other defects common to optical instruments by a series of lenses through which the light is subsequently passed. All the products of the factory have to be labelled with the name of the firm, and there is a special machine, incorporating a pantograph, which does this. Another instrument is used for marking the degrees of a circle on horizontal discs. The temperature of the room in which the instrument is kept is constant, for any slight change in temperature of a degree or two could cause an error in the marking at the finish of a revolution. Throughout the whole factory, perhaps the most impressive thing was the accuracy with which everything was executed. Using theodolites for surveying an area almost as large as England itself, the error incurred at the end of the survey may be of the order of only a few inches and seconds of arc. Where a uniform very thin line was required for use in certain optical instruments, spiders' threads were used. Men were sent up onto the moors to collect spiders of a certain type, which, after having been 31 starved for a few days spun a very uniform thread. Another source of spiders before the war was the Cape, from which spiders were imported and the threads produced used only in the best quality instruments; now a line whose thickness is only 3/100,000 millimeter can be obtained photographically. The last room into which we were taken, the standard room, exhibited many finished products. There were research miscroscopes, school miscroscopes, theodolites, and other complicated optical instruments. The Vickers' projection microscope provoked great interest, it was originally designed by the Vickers Armstrong Company and they handed the instrument over to Cooke, Troughton & Simms for development. A heavy base makes it possible to take photographs whilst there are external vibrations which would affect an ordinary microscope. The instrument is used primarily in metallurgy, but it may also deal equally well with transparent objects. As our time drew to an end we were reluctantly dragged from the standard room, and before leaving the factory were very kindly provided with tea, after which we thanked our guides and left the factory, having had a most enjoyable afternoon. SCIENCE LECTURES During the latter part of this term a party of Middle and Lower Sixth Science Sets attended a course of lectures on "Aspects of Science" at the Joseph Rowntree Theatre. The lectures were given by pro- fessors and lecturers from the University College of Hull on the following subjects: "Light and Colour," "The Theory of Evolution," and "What is Life? A Biologist's Reply." Owing to weather conditions the final lecture, "Noises and Notes," was postponed. Altogether the lectures were enjoyed by everybody, except that certain parts were above the heads of the non-biologists.

CHESS A great deal of chess has been played this term both by the team and other members of the School. Unfortunately we have not achieved a victory in any one of the five matches we have played so far in the York League, although we have twice been beaten by the narrow margin of °four games to three. But we have gained experience, and we have some individual successes to record. P. Jenkins, our first board, has won three games out of five, and J. C. M. Rayson, playing sixth board with a chess set of almost surrealistic design which only he understands perfectly, has lost one game. R. Ham and P. R. Sykes have each won one game and drawn another, and D. J. Oliver and W. S. Samuels have each won one game. In the semi-finals of the Inter-House Chess, Manor beat School House by three games to two and the Rise beat Temple by four games to one. In the finals the Manor beat the Rise. 32 CONTINENTAL HOLIDAY, EASTER, 1947 It seemed to be quite in the order of things to see a St. Peter's cap boarding the Paris train on the docks at Calais: for one reason, of course, we had been cheerily hailed by the wearer of it not half an hour before: and in any case we stood too near in time to the term just ended, and brown caps and crossed keys were still part of the warp and texture of our existence. For had we not a bare hour after final assembly stolen quietly out of York, guiltily conscious that we were leaving a doomed city (floods!) in a doomed country (economics!) ? These latter considerations were soon to be, if not entirely dissipated, at least set in perspective by a closer acquaintance with France. The devastation round the docks at Calais was of an order such as we had never seen anywhere in England. Within a radius. of more than half a mile from the port, scarcely one stone stood upon another: the authorities were housed in wooden hutments: the roads were but rough tracks through the rubble worn by other vehicles: the railway lines had, of course, obviously been repaired, but for ought else, only the gaunt walls of a burnt-out church towered above the pulverised waste like Roman ruins in the sands of North Africa: here, indeed, was the wilderness: we were little disposed to call it peace also. This scene of destruction was repeated in nearly every town of note on the outward journey—Abbeville, Rouen, Evreux, Vendome, Poitiers, and Tours: whereas in England the damage is widespread, in France it is much more concentrated, and large sections of the towns appear to be unaffected. I made enquiries in several places as to what stage of the war had brought the havoc, and in most cases the answer was 1940: Tours had had a second patch of devastation made in 1944. In contrast, the many miles of countryside we passed through seemed not to have changed at all: there were no signs of mechanisation on the land: teams of three horses—one was always white—were the order of the day for ploughing: and Spring was late in coming to Northern France too: for the roadsides were as dead as they had been in England: as we approached Bordeaux, cereals gave place to vines, and leaves were appearing on the trees. South of Bordeaux we met the fine weather and drove through the hundred miles of pine woods of the Landes under a cloudless sky that was to be our lot for the next ten days. Late that afternoon—Easter Saturday— we crossed into Spain. We had been received everywhere in France with a friendliness that clearly transcended the formal courtesies of hotel-keepers. By Spaniards, also, we were received with friendliness and with great interest: for Spain, too, is anxious to foster the tourist trade and has set up publicity and information centres in all the main towns. The end of the journey came on Easter Monday evening when we arrived in Madrid, where we stayed for the next thirteen days. In Madrid—surely with its bright lights the gayest capital in Europe to-day—we found all the outward scars of the civil war healed: considerable development is actually taking place here, as in many other urban areas of Spain: main streets are being extended and factories are being built: for instance, Spain is now making her own cloth and even exporting it: but on the barren, sunbaked plateaux of Castile and Aragon little new is to be seen, except improvements to the main roads: oxen, mules, and even donkeys are used for ploughing, and many of the ploughs are wooden ones made to the pattern that Virgil described two thousand years ago. Politically, there is not a deal of useful comment to make: everyone seemed normally content, the police were not unduly in evidence, and com- pared with fifteen years ago there seemed less abject poverty: certainly there were fewer beggars, and the urchins who turned their monotonous whine upon us outside a cafe in Avila were quite well dressed: we saw plenty of pro-Franco slogans on the walls, and on our last night in Madrid a slogan to the effect that the United Nations will swallow i'ranco. Troops were garrisoned in every town we visited—San Sebastian, Burgos, Toledo, Avila, Segovia, Saragossa, and Barcelona—but there was nothing in the nature of a Fascist salute and no arrogance in their bearing. Undoubtedly civil liberties as we know them in England do not exist in Spain in entirety: on the other hand competent observers on the spot declare that the alternative to the firm hand is anarchy. Of conditions in general on the continent as they affected us, I would say the following: accommodation is easy to obtain in both France and Spain and is not dear: meals a la carte can be very expensive, and it is always advisable to ask for the "table d'hote," which even so works out at more than the regulation 5/- meal in England: wines were plentiful in both countries, rather expensive in France, much cheaper in Spain: coffee, real coffee was inexplicably scare in France, and consequently very expensive. Ration cards for food are given to visitors in both countries, but we were only twice asked to surrender any—for bread in France. The main roads in France—particularly south of Paris—were very good indeed: the main roads in Spain were beautifully engineered, but on the whole the surfaces were poor: of petrol, adequate supplies were available in France on coupons, and cost about 3/41 per gallon: in Spain, petrol is unrationed and cost 3/- per gallon. We returned home with a deeper sense of confidence in the goodwill and common sense of the ordinary citizen both here and abroad. He may be poor, but he was at least honest: contrary to the alarming warnings we received, no one attempted to take a rise out of us and no one stole anything. The pity of it is that his common- sense is not translated into international economics and his goodwill

34 into international politics. The mad rush for exports—so obvious on the docks of Bordeaux—when compared with the prevailing austerity within, makes nonsense of the first, and the Moscow Con- ference heavily underlined the futility of the latter. F.J.W.

J.T.C. NOTES At the beginning of the term the stores were moved, the Coy. Office going down to the former kitchen and the Signal Stores to an adjoining cellar. In the first week of term it was decided to award points for the Flag Competition, the House Shooting Average, and the Section Competition, these points to be counted towards the Fernie Cup, which is now a separate cup not counted towards the Oxford Cup. Owing to the weather the work of the Signals Platoon has been confined to indoor practice. The Field Day afforded valuable experience and the Platoon acquitted itself well, for after some "technical hitches" at first, communications were maintained for the rest of the day. Next term the Platoon hopes to set up and operate the "19" set which has been kindly loaned by the Northern Command Signals Stores. The Band this term has not progressed as well as it might have done. Indeed, the enthusiasm of both members and prospective members has left much to be desired, and much more keenness must be shown if the Band is to regain its former standard. Several instructional films have been shown, one an excellent film on map reading and a film for the N.C.O.'s on how to instruct recruits. The Corps has now been completely equipped with service rifles and greatcoats, which latter have been appreciated greatly on the few outdoor parades of the term. The chief event of the term was, of course, the Field Day. This was run on the lines of an internal security exercise. Temple Platoon, under the command of "Mufti" ‘Dench, were terrorists engaged in sabotage operations in the York area. The remainder of the Corps: Rise, Manor and School House Platoons, with the Signals Platoon attached, under the command of C.S.M. Chadwick, made up the military force engaged in quelling the uprisings. The exercise was carried out within a ten miles radius of York, and various incidents were investigated and quelled by patrols of the Security Force. The main disturbances were at Beningbro', where Sgt. Sykes and two sections of his Platoon captured several terrorists, and on the Ings, where Sgt. Edinger with his platoon, while searching for a hidden ammunition dump, encountered a large terrorist force. "Mufti" Dench's lieutenants, "Khaki" Hardisty and "Imshee" Newdick were captured by this party, but later escaped from custody. A report of a terrorist H.Q. at Stamford Bridge proved, on investigation by Sgt. Hutchinson and his Platoon, to be false. 35 The exercise concluded at Sutton-on-Forest, where Dench and his saboteurs were surrounded and wiped out. "Mufti" Dench him- self first penetrated the lines of the Security Force, destroyed their H.Q., killing C.S.M. Chadwick, and then committed suicide by taking poison, dying a hero's death! Thus the day was a great success, enjoyed by all. Owing to the appalling weather conditions, the Cert. "A" pro- gramme and the General Inspection have been postponed till next term. Promotions. Sgt. Hutchinson to be Manor Platoon Sergeant. Cpl. Radford to be Recruits "B" Platoon Sergeant.

SCOUTING Outdoor activities during the past term have been considerably restricted by the severe weather. Nor has indoor scouting been at its best, for it has been virtually impossible to estimate at all accurately the number of Scouts likely to be absent at any one meeting through illness. This has made programme planning rather complicated as a result, involving last minute alterations all too often. The Junior Patrols have put in a good deal of valuable effort on second class tests, of which the full benefit has yet to be felt. It was unfortunate that their term was curtailed, though scouting for the dayboys con- tinued till the end. The Senior Patrols were pleased to welcome Mr. H. Jeffs to many of their meetings, and are grateful to him for his help and interest. The usual Easter Term Field Day was held early in March. The climatic conditions did not prevent us from cooking and consuming the best cooked dinner since this event became a regular feature of this particular Field Day. The other traditional item on this occasion—the Treasure Hunt—was held and won, more by good luck than by good judgment, by the Seals. All patrols completed the course and the finish was very close. The afternoon was spent in a most instructive and interesting visit to York City Fire Station. Here we were shown in detail the working of the various firefighting appliances from the largest motor pump to a domestic fire extinguisher. The latter we were able to use in practice. We also enjoyed sliding down the polished metal pole from the firemen's quarters on the first floor. Our visit concluded with a glimpse of the "nerve centre" of the Fire Station, where the location of all appliances and firemen on duty are recorded' visually. We are grateful to the authorities for such an enjoyable afternoon. When the floods receded after the thaw, a number of the Dayboy Scouts spent some busy hours in the early part of the holidays helping flood victims to salvage their belongings and to clean up and dry out their homes. Their efforts were much appreciated by those who received their help. 36 The Annual Summer Camp this year will again be held at Coneysthorpe and will run from Tuesday, 29th July, until Tuesday, 5th August. The attendance at last year's camp was disappointing to those who give up energy and a week of the holidays for it. It must be realised that camping is an essential part of Scout training and a valuable experience for any boy. It is to be hoped, therefore, that every effort will be made by parents and Scouts to see that the most is made of the opportunity to spend a week in camp.

SHOOTING This term, owing to changing of the rules of the "Country Life" competition, the team had to shoot with Mossberg rifles instead of S.M.L.E.'s. This was a great drawback, as we had no Mossbergs, and if R.S.M. Power had not come to our rescue by arranging a loan we should be without them yet. There were three Inter-School matches, the results being as f ollows:— St. Peter's v. Liverpool College—Won, 538-524. St. Peter's v. Durham School—Lost, 530-555. St. Peter's v. Ampleforth College—Lost, 543-663. We also competed for the "Country Life" competition, but the results are not yet known. The team for this term was:— F. J. Chadwick •(Capt.), D. Hardisty, C. K. Hudson, L. D. Edinger, J. A. Hannon, P. C. Knowlson, R. Parker, M. Speight, Reserve—C. Frank. J. Dench gave fire orders in the "County Life" competition. Besides the Inter-School matches, R.S.M. Power made it possible for the recruits to use the Colliergate range, and encouraged them in every possible way. This has been invaluable, as we are looking out for a future team to enter for the Ashburton in 1948.

FENCING Partly because the snow and floods have rendered outdoor games impossible this •term, Fencing has progressed very well indeed. A match was eventually arranged with Leeds Grammar School, whom we beat last year, and once again our team was successful. A list of the team and the results is shown below:— P. R. Sykes ... Won 5 Lost 0 C. K. Hudson ... Won 4 Lost 1 D. J. Carr ... Won 0 Lost 5 J. C. M. Rayson ... Won 3 Lost 2 G. A. Radford ...... Won 2 ... Lost 3 Total: St. Peter's 14 bouts, Leeds G.S. 11 bouts. It is proposed to arrange a Fencing Demonstration and the Inter- House Fencing Matches early next term. 37 Great Britain. with numerouschartsanddiagrams hetalkedtousas"beginners," his positionofSecretary the YorkHockeyClub,tovisitus.Armed experiences. ThenMr.Harper, afewweekslater,foundtimefrom general talkonthegameand supplieduswithmanyhintsfromhis was byMr.Chilman,an"O.P.” hockeyinternational,whogaveusa interesting lectures,both ofwhichwerewellattended.Thefirst most ofuswere, andhetoldus,also,how hockeywasorganisedin and sothebattlewasrenewed. organised. Attheendoftwodays'labouritwasgenerally possible and consequentlyaftereverysnowfall,shovellingparties hadtobe to organiseagame,butinvariablyitsnowedthefollowing night, elements, fortheonlyavailableplacegameswas Quadrangle, finally relented,andmanygameswereenjoyedtowardsthe endofterm. reintroduced intotheSchool.Enthusiasmwashighat thebeginning of term,buttheweatherdiditsworsttodampenourspirits, thoughit Sat. —26 Fri. —25OldPeterites Sat. „19BoothamSchool Sat. Sat.„ 28AmpleforthCol. Sat. Sat. will bepleasedtohearfromanyO.P.'swhodesireplay. O.P. sidetoplaytheSchoolXIon25thand26thJuly.He Wed. „23T.H.Hobson's Sat. Wed. „25Semi-FinalHo Sat. Sat. Wed. Sat. Wed. July2 Wed, June18Semi-FinalHo Wed. Wed, June Sat. Wed. Wed. May14 Wed. „9FinalHouseM

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31 28 21 14 11 24 17 7 4

r C. E.Anson'sXI Worksop Coll. Giggleswick Sch Manchester G.S. Durham School Leeds G.S. York C.C. Clifton C.C. XI 1st XI CRICKET FIXTURES,1947 — —

ate use use H A H H A H A >>MZMZ MM h Ampleforth Col. Giggleswick Sch Durham School Match Bradford G.S. Leeds G.S. Worksop Coll.... Bootham School Match HOCKEY 2nd XI 38 H H A H A A H Giggleswick Sch. Ampleforth Col. Worksop Coll.... Leeds G.S. Bootham School Durham School Bootham School Colts under16 Bradford G.S. 11 A H H A A A

Worksop Coll. Newburgh Newburgh Bootham Sch. Bootham Sch. Colts under15 Priory School Priory Sch. —

A H H A A At the end of term seven-a-side House matches were arranged to lend colour to the games. In a hard fought duel Rise beat Temple by six goals to two, which is not a true reflection of the play, and School House scored an easy victory over Manor by eleven goals to three. Unfortunately the Rise versus School House final had to be cancelled. Though of necessity no 1st XI matches could be arranged, we hope to resume Inter-School matches next season, and if the improve- ment and keenness shown this term continue, we should be able to give a creditable account of ourselves.

SQUASH As a result of Dook's departure, D. J. Oliver was elected Captain of School Squash and a full programme of events was carried through. There has been much enthusiasm for the game throughout the School, particularly amongst the junior half, where there are several promising players. Open and junior knock-out competitions were arranged early in the term. These proved to be a great success and many hard games were played. D. J. Oliver beat C. K. Hudson, 9-1, 9-1, 9-1, in the final of the Open Championship. In the final of the Junior Championship, W. H. N. Fairweather beat P. J. Dennis, 9-3, 9-5, 7-9, 6-9, 10-8, after a very close game. In the Inter-House Squash, School House was drawn against Temple and Manor against Rise. As was expected, School House and Manor won their respective matches. The details are:— School House v. Temple. C. K. Hudson (S.H.) beat J. H. 0. Parker (T.), 9-2, 9-1, 9-3.

R. Parker (S.H.) beat J. D. Dench (T.), 9- 1, 9- 1, 9- 1. W. H. N. Fairweather (S.H.) beat N. M. Ward (T.), 10-8, 9-1, 9-1. Manor v. Rise. D. J. Oliver (M.) beat P. R. Sykes (R.), 9-1, 9-1, 9-1. W. Graham (M.) beat J. C. M. Rayson (R.), 9-2, 9-0, 9-7. R. Dobson (M.) beat D. Thompson (R.), 8-10, 9-4, 9-2, 9-7. In the final of the Inter-House Squash, Manor were very unexpectedly beaten by School House. Manor v. School House. D. J. Oliver (M.) beat C. K. Hudson (S.H.), 9-1, 10-8, 9-7. G. C. Greetham (S.H.) beat W. Graham (M.), 11 -9, 9-1, 9-7. P. J. Dennis (S.H.) beat J. F. W. Addey (M.), 9-11, 3-9 9-4, 9-6, 9-5. It is some time since the School played any Squash matches. This term, however, because of the bad weather, most sports had to 39 be abandoned and Squash has come to the fore. It is pleasing to note that the School won two of the four fixtures that were played, and Oliver and Hudson are to be congratulated on the award of their colours. 19th March. School v. Northern Command Headquarters. Result: School won. D. J. Oliver beat Lt.-Col. Harvey, 9-7, 11-9, 10-8. C. K. Hudson beat Capt. Crawford, 10-8, 7-9, 9-3, 9-5 W. Graham lost to Maj. Longlands, 7-9, 0-9, 2-9. 23rd March. School v. Mr. 0. R. Yeoman's Team of O.P.'s. Result: School lost. D. J. Oliver lost to H. Denby, 9-2, 5-9, 6-9, 6-9. W. Graham lost to P. Gale, 1-9, 4-9, 5-9. J. F. W. Addey lost to 0. R. Yeomans, 2-9, 2-9, 2-9. 29th March. School v. York Railway Institute. Result: School won. D. J. Oliver beat B. Wilson, 9-4, 8-10, 3-9, 9-3, 9-2. C. K. Hudson beat V. Fletcher, 9-2, 7-9, 9-3, 9-5. G. C. Greetham lost to K. Coussins, 9-7, 6-9, 9-5, 1-8, 3-9. P. R. Sykes beat D. Fletcher, 10-8, 9-11, 9--6, 9-6. P. J. Dennis lost to H. Neilson, 9-5, 3-9, 8-10, 0-9. 30th March. School v. Northern Command Headquarters. Result: School lost. D. J. Oliver lost to Lt.-Col. Harvey, 9-2, 6-9, 7-9,

3-9 . C. K. Hudson beat Maj. Longlands, 4-9, 9-7, 10-8, 1-9, 10-9. P. R. Sykes lost to Capt. Crawford, 4-9, 3-9, 9-6, 5-9.

BOXING The exceptionally bad weather which we have experienced this term has in no way hampered the boxing in the School, and the boxers were able to go ahead with their training without any interference. The boxing classes started in the first week of term, and the keenness of the boxers was shown by the fact that they attended four or five periods every week. In order to improve the standard of the boxing we decided to reintroduce Inter-School Boxing in preference to House Boxing. R.S.M. Power started intensive training with P.T., done in heavy fencing jackets, and roadwork when the weather permitted. The Headmaster gave permission for the class to attend a boxing tournament at the Railway Gymnasium on 19th March between the Northern Command and the L.N.E.R., from which we all gained valuable lessons. 40

A boxing match was arranged against Leeds Grammar School, and took place on Wednesday, 26th March. Leeds Grammar School was unable to find an opponent for our featherweight, G. W. Smith, and our middleweight, R. Parker, was unable to box because of illness. At the weigh-in before lunch on the day of the match we found that P. C. Knowlson was below weight, so J. M. Ryder ably took his place as the third string welterweight. The contests were refereed by Captain M. B. Brown, R.A.C., from Catterick, to whom our thanks are due, and the judges were Mr. Hare, of Leeds Grammar School, and Mr. R. F. Harding. We were pleased to have Sgt.-Major D. F. Puddick with us again acting as timekeeper. R.S.M. Power was M.C. The match took place in the Hall before a large audience, which saw nine bouts of higher standard than the House matches of previous years. The Leeds team was more experienced than our team of novices, as was shown by the score, which was 17 points to 10, but many of the bouts were very close. The team is to be congratulated on showing pluck and keenness, and with the experience gained this term, we hope to meet with more success next year. Special mention must be made of G. M. Dodgson and R. Dobson, who were awarded their Boxing Colours, Dodgson being the only member of our team who won his bout. The programme of the match was as follows:— Leeds Grammar School—Red. St. Peter's School—Green. Red Green Bout 1—Welterweight (3rd String). Dove v. J. M. Ryder Bout 2—Flyweight (2nd String). Wayne v. J. Hearfield Bout 3—Light Heavyweight (2nd String). B. R. Shaw v. T. G. Murray Bout 4—Welterweight (2nd String). P. Stubbs v. R. Dobson Bout 5—Flyweight (1st String). Brooke v. T. C. Willis Bout 6--Bantamweight. Duncan v. R. J. Gibson Bout 7—Lightweight. E. D. Butterworth v. G. M. Dodgson Bout 8—Welterweight (x st String). Norton v. F. N. Newdick (Capt.) Bout 9—Light Heavyweight (1st String). P. H. Thompson (Capt.) v. J. E. Stuart All contests—Two rounds of mins., One round of 2 mins. 41 THE JUNIOR SCHOOL Easter Term, 1947! Mr. Ping says (and he should know) that this has been the worst and most difficult term for a quarter of a century. We started off all right when term began on 18th January, and actually several Winter Aconites in flower were brought to School on 23rd January, making us think that Spring was almost with us. But then Winter descended on us and on the whole country, continuing until after the middle of March. Illnesses also fell upon the Junior School to such an extent that on 4th March the School had to be closed down and the boarders returned home. Considerable joy, of course, at the extra holiday. School opened again for those boys who were well enough to attend on 17th March until the normal breaking up day. So it has indeed been a very broken term. Scarcely any football, and we even got tired of snowballing. Sledging has been very enjoyable, and there was a highlight one day when we got Mr. Ping on to a sledge and it went too fast for him. What a crash! Some of our nature study observations have been sad because of the number of birds found dead, killed by the cold or starvation. But several very interesting and uncommon birds have been brought in by boys. Notably a Bittern found by Simpson in a field near Wetherby, and also a Woodcock, a Great Spotted Woodpecker and a Brambling by other boys. The first coltsfoot in flower was brought on 21st March, and the first lesser Celandine on 26th March. These were found by R. J. De Little, who was duly rewarded. Several boys helped very enthusiastically in the Science Exhibition with the Junior School exhibit of fifteen specimen twigs of local forest trees. Lambert and Fry were specially good in giving explanations to visitors. A special examination for entry to the Junior School was held on 1 1 th March. Over forty boys attended for the exam, hoping to enter the School next September. Our number on the roll for this term was 178.

SALVETE March, 1947 R. D. Beckitt. G. C. Sanderson. (Both Dayboys.) VALETE March, 1947 W. A. Calvert. (Returned to Hong Kong.) 42 WOLF CUB REPORT During the Christmas holidays we kept up the weekly meetings for the Dayboys. This experiment was quite a success in spite of the long and losing battles with the stove in the Scout Hut. There can certainly be smoke without fire! Although the term was broken up by illness, there is a most satisfactory list of tests and badges passed. No fewer than eight House orderly badges were gained, most of them during the enforced holiday in March. It is to be hoped that the passing of the badge was of mutual benefit to both cub and household. We tried out several new games, and our semaphore is improving steadily. The following are to be congratulated:- 2nd Star—Saville and Johnson. 1st Star—Kirk, Pegg, Dodsworth and Marsh. Badges—Toymaker, Homecraft, Team Player and House Orderly: Quickfall. House Orderly: Saville, J. Howat, Hick, Coates, Pegg, Johnson and Kirk. In the competition, Blue Six beat Green by one point after a truly Homeric struggle. Earlier in the term, Blues were leading quite comfortably, but Quickfall's four badges put Green ahead. By some very hard work in the last week, however, Marsh managed to put the Blues once more in the lead, and a Green success in a bean- growing competition was not quite sufficient for them to repeat last term's victory. It must be remembered that the other two Sixes are composed largely of Boarders and that they were more handicapped by absence than the Blues and Greens. We welcome to the Pack, Stubbs (Blue) from Dringhouses, Harrison (Yellow) from Clifton, and C. Howat (Red). J. Howat (2nd, Green Six) and Phillis (Sixer, Yellow Six) have left us, and we wish them good hunting in the Scouts. The day after we broke up we had a grand treasure hunt. It was a miserable morning, so only five appeared at the start, but it cleared up in the afternoon and, with the help of our old Pack Leader, C. Moore, now in the Scouts, Akela had us careering all over Clifton before the treasure was unearthed in a flower bed down St. Peter's Grove. We were almost too weak to use the spade which happened to be close at hand HOUSE NOTES Albany House. It's really a matter of opinion. If you like snow—lots of it; or a few days in bed; or having a relapse when you thought you had recovered; if you enjoy being 43 isolated, sympathetically attended and visited by harassed sisters, matrons, nurses and others; or if you rejoice at an early finish to a term which has scarcely even started in earnest; if you really relish such an existence, you've had a super, or even a wizard term. But if you prefer to go home feeling that you've done the odd spot of work, have played some good games, or have kept fit, you will draw a veil over much of the Easter Term, 1947, and swear a solemn oath that you will redouble your efforts next term. You will try to forget the time when you rose to boiling-point, died in the night and were resuscitated in the Infirmary. You will try to forgive the unidentified jokers who stealthily planted a packet of assorted germs healthy and active enough to defy the combined efforts of Jack Frost and the Clerk of the Weather. You will, however, remember Mr. Walshaw's generous gift of table tennis equipment; the Epiphany Service; the talk on the history and the architecture of the Minster; that Yardley is a splendid Test Captain—he won the toss and gained us a holiday; and that you were excited by "Beau Geste" and fascinated by "The Time Machine." St. Olave's. At the end of last term we looked forward to fun. Of course if your idea of fun is two months of ice, frost, snow, winds, wet, chicken-pox, flu, and others, then, in the words of the R.A.F. "we had it"—lots of it; every day, from morning till night. Only three babies—Percy, Grainger, and Metcalf—did not have anything, and only Howard avoided chicken-pox—we managed to get rid of that nuisance for all other parents, so we do apologise to Mr. and Mrs. Howard—we did our best. Finally, nearly all the adults acquired chicken-pox, too, and since the weather made it impossible to get really fit, the boarders went home early in March, as disappointed as could be. With great regret we said goodbye to Miss Hancock. She has done great work in her short stay and has matroned about like anything. This term in all the illness she has been splendid. We are very sorry to lose her, and we wish her well. We owe great thanks, too, to Mrs. Jeffs, who nursed our sick for some weeks. Her efficiency, calmness, and cheer were like a tonic, and we give her our thanks and good wishes. Sir A. P. Herbert has told us that English is a language always growing, and adding to itself from its experiences. Our term has produced a new phrase of insult, "You blebby spot"—born from the particular plague we've had. It is not "nice," but on occasion, satisfying and expressive. In fact, without much difficulty we have adapted the eternal thoughts and words of Shakespeare to modern 44 use almost every day at bedtime (see Macbeth 5, i): "Out blebby spot! Out, I say!—one, two: why 'tis time to isolate: the san is murky! Fie, my boy, fie! An Olavite and infectious? What need we fear who knows it. . . ." The Monitors have worked well this term, and those who have been about enjoyed the snow for a time, but it was too much of a good thing and lost its attraction. The marble season was as badly hit as league football and hardly ever began; the serious effect of this will be seen, it is feared, in next season's standard of play. Jimmy Horsley built squadrons of cotton-reel tanks, and these advanced on each other across the Common-room floor in wide deploy for battle—slow, ponderous, Churchillian in their movements. When the story of the finance of these squadrons and their construction is told, it may be able to quote Mr. Churchill:—"Never was so much owed by so many" to one boy. It is a tale of ingenuity and of "sealed lips," unsurpassed.

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