A Place at the Table: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing Homelessness

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A Report by! The National Coalition for the Homeless And! The National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty! ! July 2010! !

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Senior Management and Staff Washington, DC Office

Neil Donovan Michael Stoops Megan Hustings DA$=3'(@$!E(.$=').! !!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!E(.$=').!)-!,)003*('>!F.<&*(G(*! !!!!!!!!!E(.$=').2!I&=$1!)-!/)0$+$11*$11!!!!!J40(*(1'.&'(@$!J11(1'&*'! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!K?$&:$.1L!M3.$&3! Michelle Lee C$;0&1'$.NO.&?#(=!E$1(<*$.!

National AmeriCorps Vista Volunteers

Phillip Banze, P&=)*2!OJ! Matthew Maes, H$*1&=)+&2!OJ! Tiffany Barclay, J'+&*'&2!OJ! William McKinley, J'+&*'&2!OJ! Carl Baty, M&+'(0).$2!PE John Milster, I'B!P>$.12!IQ! Chelsea Carnes, O&(*$1@(++$2!IQ! Tamara Patton, R&=:1)*@(++$2!IQ! Tracey Crocker, "&0?&2!IQ! Emily Richburg, P(&0(2!IQ! Eryn Dailey-Demby, J'+&*'&2!OJ! G.W. Rolle, H(*$++&1!H&.:2!IQ Margaret Djekovic, "&0?&2!IQ! Jonathan Schultz, P&=)*2!OJ! Jacqueline Dowd, F.+&*4)2!IQ! Alexis Smith, "&++&#&11$$2!IQ! Claudine Forbes, J'+&*'&2OJ! Amanda St. Jean,C$1'!H&+0!M$&=#2!IQ Linda Gaines, M.&4$*')*2!IQ! Christina Swanson, "&0?&2!IQ! Princess Gaye, "&++&#&11$$2!IQ! Amanda Tremain, P&=)*2!OJ! Matthew Gazy, P&=)*2!OJ! Christina Tudhope, F@($4)2!IQ! Lynne Griever, J'#$*12!OJ Peter Wagner, P&.&'#)*2!IQ! William Griever, J'#$*12!OJ! Mary Weil, "&++&#&11$$2!IQ! Laura Guerry, J'+&*'&2!OJ Jordon Weldon, O.$$*@(++$2!K,! Chantell Justice, P(&0(2!IQ Ken Werner, %$9!H).'!S(=#$>2!IQ Katie Justice, K?&.'&*;3.<2!K, Janis Wilson, H$*1&=)+&2!IQ! Steve Kever, I'B!Q&34$.4&+$2!IQ! Kari Woodman, E&>')*&!M$&=#2!IQ Jaron Kunkel, J'#$*12!OJ!

Board of Directors

OFFICERS John Parvensky, EC Michael Dahl Gordon Packard President /FPD!Q(*$! H.(0&@$.&!I)3*4&'()*! ,)+).&4)!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11! P(**$&?)+(12!P%! "3=1)*2!JY! E$*@$.2!,F!! Bob Erlenbusch, EC Phillip Pappas, EC Brian Davis, EC K&=.&0$*')!/3*<$.!,)&+('()*! H(''1;3.<#2!HJ! Vice President K&=.&0$*')2!,J! ! %).'#$&1'!F#()!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$! ! Glorin Ruiz Pastush /)0$+$11! Diana V. Figueroa Q&!I)*4('&!4$!R$131! ,+$@$+&*42!F/! H.(0&@$.&!I)3*4&'()*! K&*!R3&*2!HS! "3=1)*2!J.(G)*&! ! Sue Watlov Phillips, EC Greg Sileo Treasurer Joe Finn! M&+'(0).$!/)0$+$11!K$.@(=$1! D+0!".&*1('()*&+!/)31(*<2!T*=B! P&11&=#31$''1!/)31(*!E$?&.'0$*'!)-! ! /$+$*&2!P"!! /30&*!K$.@(=$1! Sandy Swank K()3A!I&++12!KE! T*'$.ZI&('#!P(*(1'.($1! DIRECTORS ! C(=#('&2!XK! Barbara Anderson, EC Jeremy Haile ! /&@$*!/)31$!K$.@(=$1 Q&9>$.! Stephen Thomas R$--$.1)*@(++$2!T% C&1#(*<')*2!E,! I&=$1!)-!/)0$+$11*$11!K?$&:$.1L! ! M3.$&3! Anita Beaty, EC Laura Hansen C&1#(*<')*2!E,! P$'.)!J'+&*'&!"&1:!I).=$!I).! ,)&+('()*!')!D*4!/)0$+$11*$11! ! /)0$+$11*$11! I).'!Q&34$.4&+$2!IQ!! Richard Troxell, EC J'+&*'&2!OJ! ! /)31$!'#$!/)0$+$112!T*=B! ! Tina Hayward J31'(*2!"[! Ben Burton, EC H&.'*$.1!')!D*4!/)0$+$11*$11! ! P(&0(!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11! W(=:1;3.<2!PK! Matias J. Vega, M.D. P(&0(2!IQ! ! J+;3\3$.\3$!/$&+'#!,&.$!-).!'#$! Rey Lopez /)0$+$11! J+;3\3$.\3$2!%P! Michael D. Chesser, EC "#$!X(*

! ! NATIONAL LAW CENTER ON HOMELESSNESS & POVERTY

"#$!%&'()*&+! Q&9! ,$*'$.! )*! /)0$+$11*$11! ]! H)@$.'>! ^'#$! Q&9! ,$*'$._! (1! '#$! )*+>! *&'()*&+! +$<&+! &4@)=&=>! ).<&*(G&'()*! 4$4(=&'$4! ')! $*4(*1! <)! (*')! =)3.'.))01!&*4!'#$!#&++1!)-!)3.!+$<(1+&'3.$1!')!?.)'$='!'#$!*$$41!)-!1)=($'>L1!0)1'!@3+*$.&;+$!0$0;$.1B! "#.)3<#! (0?&='! +('(<&'()*2! ?)+(=>! &4@)=&=>! &*4! ?3;+(=! $43=&'()*2! 9$! &44.$11! '#$! .))'! =&31$1! )-! #)0$+$11*$11!&'!'#$!+)=&+2!1'&'$!&*4!*&'()*&+!+$@$+1B!!D1'&;+(1#$4!;>!&'').*$>!P&.(&!I)1=&.(*(1!(*!5676! &*4!;&1$4!(*!C&1#(*<')*2!E,2!'#$!Q&9!,$*'$.!9).:1!9('#!&!9(4$!@&.($'>!)-!<.)3?1!&.)3*4!'#$!*&'()*B! ! V)3! &.$! (*@('$4! ')! `)(*! '#$! *$'9).:! )-! &'').*$>12! 1'34$*'12! &4@)=&'$1! &*4! &='(@(1'1! 9#)! 0&:$! 3?! %Q,/HL1!0$0;$.1#(?B!M>!;$=)0(*)3!=&*!#$+?!0&:$!&!4(--$.$*=$!(*!'#$!+(@$1!)-!0(++()*1! )-! #)0$+$11! J0$.(=&*1B! ! I).! 0).$! (*-).0&'()*! &;)3'! 0$0;$.1#(?2! ?+$&1$! @(1('! )3.! 9$;1('$! &'! 999B*+=#?B).

Law Center Board of Directors

Vasiliki Tsaganos, Chair! Peter Bresnan! Maria Foscarinis Tashena Middleton I.($42!I.&*:2!/&..(12! K(0?1)*!"#&'=#$.!]! %&'()*&+!Q&9!,$*'$.!)*! Moore!! K#.(@$.!]!R&=);1)*!QQH! M&.'+$''!QQH /)0$+$11*$11!]!H)@$.'>! K$=)*4!,#&*=$1!/)0$! M3>$.1!QQH! Edward McNicholas, Tonya Y. Bullock! Howard Godnick Vice-Chair, K'&'$!)-!P&.>+&*4 K=#3+'$!S)'#!]!Y&;$+! G.W. Rolle! K(4+$>!J31'(*!QQH QQH! H(*$++&1!,)B!,)&+('()*!-).! Bruce J. Casino! '#$!/)0$+$112!T*=B! Michael Allen, X&''$*!P3=#(*!S)1$*0&*! Kirsten Johnson-Obey Treasurer!P(=.)1)-'! QQH! H).'$.-($+4!]!Q)9$*'#&+! Bruce Rosenblum ,).?).&'()*!! QQ, "#$!,&.+>+$!O.)3?! Roderick DeArment! Mona Touma, Secretary! ,)@(*<')*!]!M3.+(*!W)+3*'$$.! R)#*1!/)?:(*1!U*(@$.1('> Law Center Staff

Andy Beres Maria Foscarinis Taunya Melvin Jeremy Rosen O.&*'!C.('$.N DA$=3'(@$!E(.$=').! E(.$=').!)-!F?$.&'()*1 H)+(=>!E(.$='). ,)003*(=&'()*1!J11(1'&*' Whitney Gent Rachel Natelson Sarah Shubitowski! Karen Cunningham E$@$+)?0$*'!]! E)0$1'(=!W()+$*=$! D0$.1)*!/3*<$.!I$++)9 Q$<&+!E(.$=').! ,)003*(=&'()*1!E(.$='). J'').*$> Eric Tars Geraldine Doetzer Jessica Libbey Tulin Ozdeger /30&*!S(<#'1!H.)<.&0! /)31(*! E$@$+)?0$*'!J11)=(&'$ ,(@(+!S(<#'1!H.)<.&0! E(.$=').N ,#(+4.$*!]! E(.$='). V)3'#!J'').*$> An Duong Marion Manheimer /30&*!S(<#'1!I$++)9! W)+3*'$$.

Table of Contents Acknowledgements 1! Executive Summary 2 Methodology 6! Introduction 7! Myths About Homelessness and Food Access 8! Types of Food Sharing Restrictions 9 Restricting Public Property Use!! ! ! ! ! 5b! P>.'+$!M$&=#2!K)3'#!,&.)+(*&! ! ! ! ! 5b! ,(*=(**&'(2!F#()!! ! ! ! ! ! 5b! E$*@$.2!,)+).&4)! ! ! ! ! ! 5b! I).'!Q&34$.4&+$2!I+).(4&! ! ! ! ! ! 55! Q&1!W$<&12!%$@&4&! ! ! ! ! ! 55! K&*!R3&*2!H3$.')!S(=)! ! ! ! ! ! 55! K&.&1)'&2!I+).(4&!! ! ! ! ! ! 55! C(+0(*<')*2!%).'#!,&.)+(*&! ! ! ! ! 58! F.+&*4)2!I+).(4&!! ! ! ! ! ! 58! C$1'!H&+0!M$&=#2!I+).(4&! ! ! ! ! 58! K3+'&*2!C&1#(*<')*! ! ! ! ! ! 58! Q(''+$!S)=:2!J.:&*1&1! ! ! ! ! ! 5c! Limitations on Number of People Served!! ! ! ! 5c! O&(*$1@(++$2!I+).(4&! ! ! ! ! ! 5c! Zoning Restrictions!! ! ! ! ! ! 5d! H#)$*(A2!J.(G)*&! ! ! ! ! ! 5d! K&*!E($<)2!,&+(-).*(&! ! ! ! ! ! 5d! Police Harassment !!!!!!5e! /3*'(*<')*2!%$9!V).:! ! ! ! ! ! 5e! !Food Safety Restrictions 5e! P(44+$')9*2!,)**$='(=3'!! ! ! ! ! 5e! J'+&*'&2!O$).<(&!! ! ! ! ! ! 5f! P(&0(2!I+).(4&! ! ! ! ! ! ! 5f! %&1#@(++$2!"$**$11$$! ! ! ! ! ! 5f! ,+$@$+&*42!F#()!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 5f! !

Right to Food 17

Constructive Alternatives to Food Sharing Restrictions 19 I).'!P>$.12!I+).(4&! ! ! ! ! ! 56! H).'+&*42!F.$<)*! ! ! ! ! ! 56! K9(?$1!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11!g!Q)1!J*<$+$12!,&+(-).*(&!! ! 8b! I(.1'!/$+?(*!,&.$1!,&-h!g!K'B!Q)3(12!P(11)3.(!! 85! I$$4(*

Acknowledgements

The National Coalition for the Homelessness would like to thank all of its board members, staff and interns who greatly contributed to the research, writing, editing and layout of the report.

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The National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty would like to thank the following individuals for their tremendous contribution to this report.

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Executive Summary ! "#.$$!>$&.1!&-'$.!'#$!8bbm!?3;+(=&'()*!)-!Feeding Intolerance: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing Homelessness2!=('($1!1'(++!=#))1$!')!(0?+$0$*'!0$&13.$1!'#&'! =.(0(*&+(G$!#)0$+$11*$11!&*42!&'!'(0$12!?$*&+(G$!'#)1$!9#)!1$.@$!#)0$+$11!?$.1)*1B!!"#$1$! 0$&13.$12!13=#!&1!&*'(Z=&0?(*!-)=31$1!)*!).4(*&*=$12!?)+(=($12!&*4!'&='(=1!'#&'!4(1=)3.&<$!).!?.)#(;('! (*4(@(43&+1!&*4!<.)3?1!-.)0!1#&.(*!0>'#1!&;)3'!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$L1!-))4! &==$112!=('($1!31$!-))4!1#&.(*!`31'!')!13.@(@$B! ! "#$!.$?).'!&+1)!#(<#+(<#'1!=)*1'.3='(@$!&+'$.*&'(@$1!')!-))4!1#&.(*)3'#!&.$!(0?+$0$*'(*Hunger Across the U.S.

P&*>!?$)?+$!&.$!=)*-.)*'(*!=)*43='$4!;>!'#$!UBKB! ,)*-$.$*=$!)-!P&>).15!-)3*4k! ! 78n!^88!)-!8m_!)-!=('($1!13.@$>$42!(*!8bb62!.$?).'$4!#&@(*$&.B! ! 8en!)-!.$\3$1'1!-).!$0$.<$*=>!-))4!&11(1'&*=$!9$*'!3*0$'!(*!8bb6B 8fn!9&1!'#$!&@$.&<$!(*=.$&1$!(*!4$0&*4!-).!&11(1'&*=$!.$?).'$4!;>!=('($1!(*!8bb62!9#(=#! .$?.$1$*'1!'#$!+&.<$1'!&@$.&<$!(*=.$&1$!1(*=$!5665B! ! Growing Restrictions by Cities on Food Sharing

P).$!=('($1!#&@$!=#)1$*!')!'&.<$'!#)0$+$11!(*4(@(43&+1!;>!.$1'.(='(*

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Constructive Alternatives to Food Sharing Restrictions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dmm! .$1'&3.&*'1!?&.'(=(?&'(*2!E)0(*)1!H(GG&2!D+!H)++)! Q)=)!&*4!R&=:!(*!'#$!M)AB!!P(=#(<&*!&*4!J.(G)*&!&+1)!#&@$!.$1'&3.&*'1!?&.'(=(?&'(*<2!&*4! I+).(4&!(1!(*!'#$!?.)=$11!)-!(0?+$0$*'(*

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Methodology ! S$=)<*(G(*!^'#$!Q&9!,$*'$._!&(0!')! ?.)@(4$!&*!&==3.&'$!4$1=.(?'()*!)-!1)0$!)-!'#$!+)=&+!.$1?)*1$1!')!#3*<$.!&0)*!-))4!-).!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$B! ! %,/!&*4!'#$!Q&9!,$*'$.!=)0?(+$4!(*-).0&'()*!-).!A Place at the Table: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing Homelessness!-.)0!@&.()31!1)3.=$1B!%$91?&?$.!&.'(=+$1! .$<&.4(*2! P3*(=)4$B=)0!9&1!31$4!')!+)=&'$!.$+$@&*'!$A(1'(*!).4(*&*=$1B! ! T*!&44('()*!')!?.(*'!&*4!)*+(*$!1)3.=$12!1').($1!&*4!)'#$.!(*-).0&'()*!-.)0!+)=&+!#)0$+$11! &4@)=&'$1!&*4!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$!&.)3*4!'#$!=)3*'.>!9$.$!&!0&(*!.$1)3.=$!-).!'#(1!.$?).'B!!%,/! &*4!'#$!Q&9!,$*'$.!.$&=#$4!)3'!')!'#$(.!*$'9).:1!&*4!&++($1!&'!'#$!=)003*('>!+$@$+!9#)2!$&=#! 4&>2!9).:!')!13??).'!0$*!&*4!9)0$*!$A?$.($*=(*

Introduction!

T*!8bbm2!'#$!%&'()*&+!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11!^%,/_!&*4!'#$!%&'()*&+!Q&9!,$*'$.!)*! /)0$+$11*$11!]!H)@$.'>!^'#$!Q&9!,$*'$._!9).:$4!=)++&;).&'(@$+>!')!?3;+(1#!Feeding Intolerance: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing HomelessnessB! "#$!.$?).'! 4.$9!&''$*'()*!')!'#$!4(1'3.;(*$&.1!+&'$.2!=('($1!&.$!1'(++!(0?+$0$*'(*!0>'#1!&;)3'!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$1L!-))4!&==$112!=('($1!31$! -))4!1#&.(*B!!! ! F*$!$A&0?+$!)-!'#$1$!&''('34$12!)-'$*!.$-$..$4!')!&1!%TPMV!^%)'Z(*ZP>ZM&=:>&.4_!&''('34$1! (1!$@(4$*'!(*!'#$!*$9!qC$+=)0$!')!F=$&*!M$&=#2!H+$&1$!E)*L'!I$$4!F3.!M301r!;30?$.! 1'(=:$.12!'Z1#(.'12!&*4!#&'1!'#&'!&.$!=&31(*!(*!)*$!,&+(-).*(&!')9*B!!"#$1$! ?.)43='12!0)4$+$4!&-'$.!&!1(<*!&1:(*!'#$!0$11&<$1!'#&'! #)0$+$11!?$)?+$!&.$!*)'!9&*'$4!&*4!'#&'!;>!-$$4(*!)-!'#$!+&91!=.$&'$4!).!31$4!')!.$1'.(='!-))4!1#&.(*B5d! ! "#(1!.$?).'!-(.1'!?.)@(4$1!&!;.($-!)@$.@($9!)-!'#$!?.);+$02! (*=+34(*1!'#&'!=('($1!&=.)11!'#$!=)3*'.>!#&@$!=#)1$*!')! 40#$56()7#89#$5#)65): '&.<$'!#)0$+$11!(*4(@(43&+1!;>!(0?+$0$*'(*2!'#$!.$?).'!#(<#+(<#'1!=)*1'.3='(@$! .20#;#77)#77*/$5):-.# &+'$.*&'(@$1!')!-))4!1#&.(*)3'#!&.$!(0?+$0$*'(*?05;;52). =)003*('($1B!!"#$!<)&+!)-!'#(1!.$?).'!(1!')!$43=&'$!&*4!?&(*'!&! ;.)&4$.!?(='3.$!)-!#)9!=('($1!&.)3*4!'#$!=)3*'.>!&.$!.$1?)*4(*!?$)?+$!&.$!=)*-.)*'(*$&.!(1! $1'(0&'$4!')!;$!&??.)A(0&'$+>!c!0(++()*2!&*4!(1!?.)`$='$4!')!(*=.$&1$!;>!5Be!0(++()*!)@$.!8bb6! &*4!8b5b!;$=&31$!)-!'#$!.$=$11()*B5e!!J1!=('($1!?3.13$!0$&13.$1!'#&'!;)'#!4(1=)3.&<$!&*4!?.)#(;('!

5d!R)#*!C(+:$*1, Please Don’t Feed Our Bums Controversial Bumper Stickers Target New More Aggressive Type of Transient2!K&*!E($<)!U*()*Z".(;3*$2!R3*$!572!8b5bB! 5e!%&'()*&+!J++(&*=$!')!D*4!/)0$+$11*$11!2!Homelessness Looms as a Potential Outcome of the Recession2!R&*B!8c2! 8bb6B!

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Myths about Homelessness and Food Access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

5f!UBKB!,)*-$.$*=$!)-!P&>).12!Hunger and Homelessness: A Status Report on Hunger and Homelessness in America’s Cities—a 27-City Survey!m!^8bb6_B! 5m!UKEJ2D=)*)0(=!S$1$&.=#!S$?).'!%)B!^DSSZ7c_!ff!??2!%)@$0;$.!8bb6B! 57!UBKB!,)*-$.$*=$!)-!P&>).12!Hunger and Homelessness: A Status Report on Hunger and Homelessness in America’s Cities—a 27-City Survey!m!^8bb6_B!

!"#$%&;<=>?@//6&;#041&2+)+5-#.&0,+&+0.-3"&088+..-23+&#/&1+/13+&A$/&0,+&$/4+3+..&0)6& 40)"&$/4+3+..&1+/13+ +&0670)#0*+&/5&#$-.&1,/*,04:& J==).4(*!;$!'#$!)*+>!9&>!-).!1)0$!?$)?+$!$A?$.($*=(*!&*4!1&-$!-))4B!!C).:!=)*-+(='12!(++*$112! $#(6.2/--29#29;#5)9/1;56 4(1&;(+('>2!&*4!+&=:!)-!?3;+(=!'.&*1?).'&'()*!&.$!&++!.$&1)*1!&! 79(6#70(<1#-.#2);!)-!(*4(@(43&+1! &*4!$A?$.($*=$1!)-!+(-$!9('#)3'!&!#)0$B!!,)003*('($1!031'!9).:!=)++&;).&'(@$+>!')!?.)@(4$! -))4!&*4!1#$+'$.!')!'#)1$!9#)!=&**)'!&''&(*!('!9('#)3'!#$+?B!!F.4(*&*=$1!&*4!?)+(=($1!'#&'! 4(1=)3.&<$!).!?.)#(;('!'#$!&='!)-!1#&.(*!')!4)0$1'(=!&*4!(*'$.*&'()*&+!+&9B!

Types of Food Sharing Restrictions!

"#$!<)&+!)-!-))4!?.)<.&01!'#&'!1$.@$!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$!(1!')!?.)@(4$!*3'.('()312!-(++(*?(=&++>!#&@$!=)*1(1'$*'!&==$11!')!#$&+'#>!-))4B!!T*!&44('()*2! 0&*>!-))4!1#&.(*!).!?.)@(4$!&==$11!')!13??).'(@$!1$.@(=$1B!! K)0$!-))4!1#&.(*!.$+(<()31!.$&1)*12!&*4!0&>!?.)@(4$!;)'#!-))4!&*4!'#$! &;(+('>!')!`)(*!'#$(.!=)*<.$<&'()*!(*!&!.$+(<()31!1$.@(=$B!!"#$1$!&.$!9&>1!<.)3?1!<)!&;)@$!&*4! ;$>)*4!'#$!:$>!=)0?)*$*'!)-!?.)@(4(*(*!31$2! +(0('(*! $*-).=(*

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Restricting Public Property Use P&*>!=('($1!#&@$!+&91!.$<&.4(*!+(0('$4!<.)3?1!-.)0!;$(*!31$!(1!+(0('$4!(1!'#.)3<#!?$.0('!.$\3(.$0$*'1B!!"#$!?$.0('1!=&*!;$!+(0('(*!#&@$!#(1').(=&++>!;$$*!&;+$!')!.$&=#!0&*>!#)0$+$11! ?$)?+$B!!!!! F-!'#$!8c!=('($1!9$!13.@$>$42!58!=('($1!#&@$!&'!1)0$!?)(*'!+(0('$4!'#$!31$!)-!?3;+(=!?&.:1!-).! 1#&.(*2!).!+(0('!#)9!)-'$*!?&.:1!=&*!;$!31$4!')!1#&.$!-))4B!!! I).!$A&0?+$2!(*!8bb62!'#$!Myrtle Beach, South Carolina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k! Cincinnati, Ohio:!"#$!,(*=(**&'(!H&.:!M)&.4!=)*'(*3$1!')!?.)#(;('!'#$!4(1'.(;3'()*!)-! -))4!).!=+)'#(*L1! +&.<$1'!#)0$+$11!1#$+'$.B!88! ! Denver, Colorado:!J!<.)3?!)-!8e!).!0).$!?$)?+$!9(1#(*!)-!E$*@$.!

8b!P>.'+$!M$&=#2!KB,B2!,)4$!p!7B8bb6Z8b!^8bb6_B! 85!PM!F.4(*&*=$!')!Q(0('!P&11!I$$4(*!8b5bB! 8c!%&)0(!Y$@$+)--2!Denver Cuts Back on Outdoor Homeless Meals2!E$*@$.!W)(=$2!K$?'$0;$.!8bb7B!

=.$&'$4!'#$!H3;+(=!I$$4(*!=('>!?&.:!-).!q1)=(&+! 1$.@(=$!?3.?)1$1r!9('#)3'!9.(''$*!&3'#).(G&'()*!-.)0!'#$!=('>B8e!!"#$!.$<3+&'()*1!4$-(*$! 1)=(&+!1$.@(=$1!&1!?.)@(4(*1(=&+!*$$41Br8f!!T*!8bbm2!I).'!Q&34$.4&+$!?)+(=$!'#.$&'$*$4!I))4!%)'! M)0;1!')!1')?!1$.@(*!,)00(11()*!"&1:!I).=$!9&1!=.$&'$4!(*!8bb6!')!$1'&;+(1#!&!-(A$4!+)=&'()*! -).!<.)3?1!')!1$.@$!-))4!')!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$B!!T*!R3*$!8b5b2!&*!(*4)).!+)=&'()*!9&1! 1$+$='$4!&*4!=('>!)--(=(&+1!&.$!4$'$.0(*(*!9(++!?.)@(4$!&'!'#$!*$9! +)=&'()*B87!! Las Vegas, Nevada:!F*!R3+>!562!8bbf2!'#$!,('>!,)3*=(+!@)'$4!')!&??.)@$!&*! &0$*40$*'!')!&*!$A(1'(*!?&.:1B!!J!1$?&.&'$!Q&1!W$<&1!).4(*&*=$! .$\3(.$1!&!?&.:!?$.0('!-).!<&'#$.(*<1!)-!8e!).!0).$!(*!&!=('>!?&.:B86!!T*!J3<31'!8bbm2!&! -$4$.&+!4(1'.(='!=)3.'!-)3*4!'#$!).4(*&*=$!;&**(*!&*4!&4@)=&'$1!.$&=#$4!&*!&<.$$0$*'!9#$*! '#$!=('>!0)4(-($4!'#$!+&9!1)!<&'#$.(*<1!)-!+$11!'#&*!me!?$)?+$!9)3+4!*)'!*$$4!&! ?$.0('Bc5! ! San Juan, Puerto Rico: T*!%)@$0;$.!8bb62!P&>).!R).<$!K&*'(*(!&**)3*=$4!&!*$9!?(+)'! ?.)<.&0!')!.$1'.(='!-))4!&*4!)'#$.!1$.@(=$1!?.)@(4$4!')!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$!(*!Ss)!H($4.&12! &*!(0?).'&*'!1$=').!)-!K&*!R3&*2!')!&!1(*<+$!1\3&.$2!H+&G&!Qt?$G!K(=&.4tB!!H+&G&!Qt?$G! K(=&.4t!(1!)*!'#$!)3'1:(.'1!)-!Ss)!H($4.&12!0&:(*!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$!')! '.&@$+!'#$.$Bc8! ! Sarasota, Floridak!"#$!,('>!)-!K&.&1)'&!.$\3(.$1!&*>!<.)3?!?+&**(*!0&*<$.!=&*2!

8d!J0$+(&!H&''$.1)*2!I))4!%)'!M)0;1!;&''+$1!'#$!j(*1(4$!*)'!)3'1(4$L!0$*'&+('>2!K'.$$'!S))'12!R3+>!552!8bb7B! 8e!I).'!Q&34$.4&+$2!I+&B2!H&.:!S3+$1!&*4!S$<1B2!p!8B82!available at #''?kNN=(B-'+&34B-+B31N+(-$N.3+$1B#'0.! 8f Ibid.! 8m!S);$.'!%)+(*2!Group Gathers to Feed Homeless in Fort Lauderdale2!K3*ZK$*'(*$+2!J3<31'!d2!8bbm! 87!K=)''!C>0&*2!Lauderdale Zeroes in on Place to Feed Homeless, K3*!K$*'(*$+2!R3*$!5f2!8b5b!! 86!%&'()*&+!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11!&*4!'#$!%&'()*&+!Q&9!,$*'$.!)*!/)0$+$11*$11!&*4!H)@$.'>2!Feeding Intolerance: H.)#(;('()*1!)*!K#&.(*!H.&''2!Metro rethinks ‘Don’t feed homeless’”,!Q&1!W$<&1!K3*2!J?.(+!5d2!8bb6B! c5!K=)''!C>+&*42!Proposal May End Fight Between Homeless Advocates, City!Q&1!W$<&1!S$@($9ZR)3.*&+B!R3*$!552! 8b5bB!! c8!D0&(+!-.)0!"(0!K#$.9))42!@)+3*'$$.!9('#!'#$!,)00(''$$!-).!K)=(&+!R31'(=$2!')!"#$!%&'()*&+!Q&9!,$*'$.!)*! /)0$+$11*$11!&*4!H)@$.'>!&*4!"#$!%&'()*&+!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$112!J?.(+!5f2!8b5b!^F*!-(+$!9('#!'#$! %&'()*&+!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11_B!

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cc!K&.&1)'&2!I+&B2!,)4$!=#B!82!&.'B!TT!pp!88Z882!88Z8c!^8bbm_B! cd!C(+0(*<')*2!%B,B2!,)4$!=#B!552!&.'B!TTT2!p!55Zdm!^8bbm_B! ce!DZ0&(+!-.)0!J*('&!F+4#&02!/)31(*!^K$?'B!f2!8bbm_!^)*!-(+$!9('#!%&'()*&+!Q&9!,$*'$.!)*! /)0$+$11*$11!]!H)@$.'>_B! cf!C#('*$>!/&0.(=:2!Homelessness to Rise as the Economy Sinks2!,$*'.&+!I+).(4&!I3'3.$2!E$=$0;$.!52!8bb7! cm!J,QU!I+).(4&!,#&?'$.2 Federal Judge Stinkes Down Orlando Homeless Feeding Ban!! c7!P&.:!/)++(12!Feeding Organizations Work to Help the Homeless in Palm Beach County2!K)3'#!I+).(4&!K3*Z K$*'(*$+2!I$;.3&.>!552!8bb7B! c6!")*>!E).(12!Q&1'Z0(*3'$!'(--!$.3?'1!(*!C$1'!H&+0!M$&=#!#)0$+$11!4$&+2!H&+0M$&=#H)1'B=)02!E$=$0;$.!5m2! 8bb7B!

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Limitations on the Number of People Served

">?(=&++>2!-))4!1#&.(*!-))4!')!&!#)0$+$11!?$.1)*!(1! 3*4$.!&''&=:B!! ! D&.+>!(*!8b5b2!'#$!=('>!)-!Gainesville, Florida,!1'&.'$4!$*-).=(*!1$.@$!')!5cb!0$&+1!?$.!4&>Bdd!!P(*(1'$.12!?)+('(=(&*12!&*4! =)003*('>!&='(@(1'1!#&@$!=&++$4!-).!&*!$*4!')!'#$!+(0('!;$=&31$!'#$>!1'.)*<+>!;$+($@$!('!@()+&'$1! '#$!I(.1'!J0$*40$*'Bde!!"#$!,('>!H+&**(*12!;3'!=('>!=)00(11()*$.1!&??.)@$4!#&@(*1!)-!'#$! >$&.k!"#&*:1<(@(*<2!,#.(1'0&12!&*4!&!#)+(4&>!=#)1$*!;>!'#$!1)3?!:('=#$*Bdf!!/)0$)9*$.1!&*4! ;31(*$11$1!(*!'#$!&.$&!1&>!'#&'!'#$!?.$1$*=$!)-!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$!=&31$1!'#$(.!;31(*$11$1!')!

db!Q>**!"#)0?1)*2!In rural Sultan, a crackdown on the homeless, "#$!K$&''+$!"(0$12!J?.(+!d2!8b5bB! d5!T;(4B! d8!D0&(+!-.)0!M);!J4@)=&'$!W)+3*'$$.!')!P(=#&$+!K'))?12!%&'()*&+!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$!/)0$+$11!)*!R&*3&.>!882!8b5b! ^)*!.$=).4!&'!%,/_B! dc!Message from the Mayor!(*!&*!$0&(+!-.)0!M);!J4@)=&'$!W)+3*'$$.!')!P(=#&$+!K'))?12!%&'()*&+!,)&+('()*!-).!'#$! /)0$+$11!)*!R&*3&.>!c52!8b5b!^)*!.$=).4!&'!%,/_B! dd!O&(*$1@(++$2!I+&B2!,)4$!Jf!p!cbZ55B! de!,(*4>!K9(.:)2!City’s Meal Limit for Homeless Protested2!"#$!O&(*$1@(++$!K3*2!I$;.3&.>!5d2!8b5bB! df!,#&4!K0('#2!City Votes to Lift Meal Limit at Shelters for Three Holidays2!"#$!O&(*$1@(++$!K3*2!I$;.3&.>!562! 8b5bB!

13--$.Bdm!!"#$>!#&@$!$*=)3.&<$4!'#$!=('>!')!.$'&(*!'#$!0$&+!+(0('!;$=&31$!('!+(0('1!'#$! =)*=$*'.&'()*!)-!#)0$+$11!(*4(@(43&+1!(*!4)9*')9*!&.$&1B!!"#$!(4$&!;$#(*4!'#$!0$&+!+(0('!9&1!')! 1?.$&4!-))4!1#&.(*B!!/)0$+$11!&4@)=&'$1! =+&(0!'#$!+(0('!=&31$1!(*=.$&1$4!?&*#&*4+(*<2!&*4!&='3&++>!$*=)3.&<$1!0).$!?$)?+$!')!=)0$!')! '#$!4)9*')9*!&.$&!(*!&*!$--).'!')!&..(@$!$&.+>!-).!&!0$&+B!! ! Zoning Restrictions J1!4(1=311$4!(*!'#$!O&(*$1@(++$2!I+).(4&!$A&0?+$2!-))4!1#&.(*!;$(*!(*!8bb62!.$1(4$*'1!)-!&!Phoenix, Arizona!*$(<#;).#))4!&1:$4!'#&'!&!K&'3.4&>!-))4!1#&.(*2!=.)941!)-!#)0$+$11!?$)?+$!9)3+4!<&'#$.!&'!?(=*(=!'&;+$1!&*4!+(1'$*! ')!1$.0)*1!9#(+$!1$''+(*!)--(=(&+1!.$1?)*4$4!')!'#$!.$\3$1'!;>!#&+'(*(*L1!Y)*(*2!1&>(*!4(*(*!8b5b2!&*4!'#$!4$=(1()*!9&1!&--(.0$4A!"#$!=#3.=#!-(+$4!&!+&913('! (*!-$4$.&+!=)3.'!=+&(0(*L1!.$1'.(='()*1!@()+&'$!('1!I(.1'!J0$*40$*'!.(<#'!')!-.$$+>! $A$.=(1$!('1!.$+(<()31!;$+($-12!'#$!S$+(<()31!Q&*4!U1$!&*4!T*1'('3'()*&+(G$4!H$.1)*1!J='2!&*4!'#$! J.(G)*&!S$+(<()31!I.$$4)0!J='Bd6!!,.)11S)&41!&*4!'#$!=('>!.$&=#$4!&*!&<.$$0$*'2!(*!R3*$!8b5b2! '#&'!9(++!$*4!'#$!=)3.'!;&''+$B!!"#$!=#3.=#!&<.$$4!')!4.)?!('1!+&913('!&<&(*1'!'#$!=('>!&*4!9(++! 0)@$!'#$(.!9$$:+>!;.$&:-&1'!(*1(4$!'#$!=#3.=#Beb! ! T*!J?.(+!8bb72!&!=#3.=#!(*!San Diego, California!?.$@&(+$4!(*!&!+&913('!&<&(*1'!'#$!=('>B!!"#$! G)*(*!0$&+!')! =)003*('>!0$0;$.12!0&*>!)-!'#$0!#)0$+$11Be5!!J'').*$>!K=)''!E.$#$.!13==$11-3++>!4$-$*4$4! '#$!=#3.=#o1!I(.1'!J0$*40$*'!.(<#'!')!?.&='(=$!('1!.$+(<()*B!!"#$!9$$:+>!0$&+!'&:$1!?+&=$!)*! =#3.=#!?.)?$.'>2!(*!'#$!=#3.=#!1)=(&+!#&++2!&*4!1$.@$1!5eb!')!8bb!?$)?+$!$&=#!9$$:B!!"#(1!&1?$='! )-!'#$!=#3.=#o1!0(*(1'.>!#&1!;$$*!(*!?+&=$!-).!&??.)A(0&'$+>!5e!>$&.1Be8

dm!R$**&!E&@(12!Meals for Needy Irk Church’s Neighbors, "#$!J.(G)*&!S$?3;+(=2!R3+>!c52!8bb6B!! d7!R&@($.!K)')!&*4!,&'#$.(*$!/)++&*42!Judge says Phoenix church cannot feed homeless2!JYI&0(+>B=)02!%)@$0;$.! 5b2!8bb6B! d6!,)0?+&(*'!&'!82!CrossRoads United Methodist Church v. City of Phoenix2!E)=:$'!%)B!8k5bZ,WZbbb7e!^EB!J.(GB! R&*B!5d2!8b5b_B! eb!K&4($!R)!K0):$>2!Phoenix church, city settle case over pancake service to homeless2!JY,$*'.&+B=)02!R3*$!572! 8b5b2!available at http://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2010/06/17/20100617phoenix-church-pancake- homeless-settlement.html e5!S)*&+4!H)9$++2!City to allow food-for-needy program2!U*()*Z".(;3*$2!J?.(+!882!8bb7B! e8D0&(+!-.)0!H&1').!J?.(+!/$..)*2!H&=(-(=!M$&=#!U*('$4!P$'#)4(1'!,#3.=#2!')!%,/B!^F*!-(+$!&'!%,/_B!

Police Harassment

Huntington, New York!(1!)*$!)-!-)3.!+)=&'()*1!9#$.$!I))4!%)'! !"#$B,&&&@22*C2- M)0;1!=)*'(*3$1!')!4(1'.(;3'$!-))4!)*!Q)*!'#.$$!#)3.1!;$-).$! #89$#77#*-.#5$ =#&.<(*!)-! /3*'(*<')*!&*4!'#$!K3--)+:!,)3*'>!H)+(=$!E$?&.'0$*'2!)@$.!c2bbb! 9#**;5):> ?$)?+$!$A?.$11$4!'#$(.!);`$='()*!')!'#$!4$=(1()*B!!"#$!K3--)+:!H)+(=$! 4.)??$4!'#$!=#&.<$1!&*4!(113$4!&!+$''$.!)-!&?)+)<>!')!I))4!%)'!M)0;1B!!"#$!+$''$.!1'&'$4!'#&'!('! 9&1!&!0(1'&:$!')!=#&.<$!'#$!@)+3*'$$.1!-).!?$44+(*<2!&*4!'#&'!'#$!$*'(.$!1('3&'()*!9&1!;&1$4!)*!&! 0(13*4$.1'&*4(*!I))4!%)'!M)0;1B!!H)+(=$!=&.1!9$.$!&;1$*'!-).!&;)3'!&!0)*'#! ;$-).$!&??$&.(*!1#(*(*B!!D&=#!9$$:!'#$>!9)3+4!$*-).=$!*$9!.$\3(.$0$*'1! '#&'!(*=+34$4!?.)#(;('(*!9)3+4*L'!;$!(*!1(<#'!)-!=)003*('>! 0$0;$.1Bec! Food Safety Restrictions C#$*!4(1=311(*!)-!'#$!-))4!1#&.$4!9('#!#)0$+$11!(*4(@(43&+1B!!"#(1!(1! &!*);+$!<)&+B!!,)*=$.*1!&.(1$2!#)9$@$.2!9#$*!'#$!.$1'.(='()*1!&*4!).4(*&*=$1!-)=31!)*!+(0('(*(*!')!1#&.$!-))4!&*4!0$$'!'#$!*$$41!)-!&!=)003*('>!9('#!@$.>!+)9!-))4!&==$11B! J*)'#$.!=)*=$.*!(1!9#$*!.$1'.(='()*1!=)0$!)3'!)-!%TPMV!&''('34$1B! P$0;$.1!)-!I))4!%)'!M)0;1!(*!Middletown, Connecticut!9$.$!1')??$4!-.)0!4(1'.(;3'(*B!!"#$!<.)3?!&??$&+$4!'#$!).4$.!')!'#$!K'&'$!/$&+'#!E$?&.'0$*'2!&*4!-(+$4!&!-$4$.&+!+&913('! &<&(*1'!'#$!=('>!&*4!'#$!1'&'$!)*!I(.1'!J0$*40$*'!<.)3*41!(*!'#$!1?.(*

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Alternatives to Food Sharing Restrictions!

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First Helping!

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St. Louis Bread Company Cares Café/Panera Cares Café

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Feeding America’s BackPack Program

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Policy Recommendations

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