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Description of Hoplolaimus Magnistylus N. Sp. (Nematoda: Hopiolaimidae) 1 R

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Description of Hoplolaimus Magnistylus N. Sp. (Nematoda: Hopiolaimidae) 1 R 500 Journal o/Nematology, Volume 14, No. 4, October 1982 LITERATURE CITED in the rotifer Asplanchna. Science 159:734-736. 6. Kahn, M., and H. E. Enesco. 1981. Effect of 1. Bolla, R., and N. Brot. 1975. Age dependent o~-tocopherol on the lifespan of Turbatrix aceti. changes in enzymes involved in macromolecular Age 4:109-115. synthesis in Turbatrix aceti. Arch. Biochem. 7. Kahn-Thomas, M., and H. E. Enesco. 1982. Biophys. 169:227-236. Relation between growth rate and lifespan in a- 2. Enesco, H. E., and C, Verdone-Smith. 1980. tocopherol cultured Turbatrix aceti. Age 5:46-49. a-Tocopherol increases lifespan in the rotifer 8. Meikle, J. E. S., and J. E. McFarlane. 1965. Philodina. Exper. Gerontol. 15:335-338, The role of lipid in the nutrition of the house 3. Epstein, J., and D. Gershon. 1972. Studies on cricket, Acehta domesticus. Can. J. Zool. 43:87-98. ageing in nematodes IV. The effect of antioxidants 9. Roels, O. A. 1967. Present knowledge of on cellular damage and lifespan. Mech. Age. Dev. vitamin E. Nutrition Review 25:33-57. 1:257-264. 10. Sayre, F. W., E. L. Hansen, and E. A. Yar- 4. Gilbert, J. J. 1972. a-Tocopherol in males of wootl. 1{.)63. Biochemical aspects of nutrition of the rotifer Asplanchna sieboldi, its metabolism and Caettorhabditis briggsae. Exp. Parasitol. 13:98-I07. its distributitm in the testis and rudimentary gut. I I. Vieira, E. C. 1967. Influence of vitamin E on 1. Exp. Zool. 181:119-128, reproduction of Biomphalaria glabrata under 5. Gilbert, J. J., and G. A. Thompson. 1968. a- axenic ctmditions. Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 16: Tocopherol: control of sexuality and polymorphism 792-796. Description of Hoplolaimus magnistylus n. sp. (Nematoda: HopIolaimidae) 1 R. T. ROBBINS 2 Abstract: Hoplolaimus magnistylus n. sp. is described and illustrated. It was found in soil al;mlt rools of soybean in Arkansas and Mississippi. It is similar to H. galeatns and H. con- caudajuvencus. It differs from H. galeatus in all stages primarily by possession of a longer stylet. It differs from H. concaudajuvencus by the possession of rounded tails in second-stage juveniles vs. conically pointed tails with acute termini, having fewer subdivisions in female basal lip anntdes, and the greater distance from female anterior end to posterior end of esophageal lobes. Morphometrics attd descriptions of second-, third-, and fourth-stage juveniles are given. A paratype female of H. sheri was examined and found to have six esophageal gland nuclei. Key words: taxonomy, ntorphology, new species. Journal of Nematoh)gy 14(4):500-506. 1982. Soil samples from experimental plots in plot area has been partially (1/3) in corn field G-13 of the Cotton Branch Experi- (Zea mays L.) with the remainder (2/3) in ment Station, Marianna, Arkansas, 3~ielded, soybean (Glycines max L.) in 1979. This among other nematodes, specimens of an species is most similar to H. galeatus undescribed species of Hoplolaimus Daday. (Cobb) Thorne (6) and H. concaudaiuven- Up to 240 specimens per pint of soil were cus Golden and Minton (2), but it differs recovered from these samples taken in May from each in certain characteristics. 1980. During 1980, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juveniles and males and fe- MATERIALS AND METHODS males were recovered from the plots. The This new species is described with mor- phometrical data on second-, third-, and Received for publication 17 February 1982. 1Published w'ith approval of the director of the Arkan- fourth-stage juveniles and adults of both sas Agricnltural Experiment Station; supported in part by sexes presented. Juvenile stages were dif- grants from the Arkansas Soybean Promotion Board and the Environmental Protection Agency Consortium for Inte- ferentiated by use of stylet length, body grated Pest Management, Soybean, length, and genitalia development. The -"Assistant Professor, l)epartment of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701. specific name is a compound Latin word: The author thanks E. M. Martin, Research Assistant, magni = great or large, stylus = stylet. University of Arkansas, for SEM technical help; Dr. W. F. Moore, Leader of Extension Plant Pathology. Mississippi The nematodes were killed and fixed State University, for ,sending specimens from Mississippi; with hot 2% formalin and processed to and Dr. A. M. Golden, USDA. Betlsville, Maryland, for the loan of specimens. glycerin by a modified Seinhorst rapid Hoplolaimus magnistylus n. sp.: Robbins 501 method as described by Robbins (4). Ma- lip annule is subdivided into 28 (22-34) terials and methods for scanning electron (n = 6) unequal blocks with occasional microscopy were as described by Sher and blocks subdivided horizontally (Fig. 3). Bell (7). The SEM used for specimen ex- Cuticular annulation at midbody distinct amination and study was an 1SI-60. All measuring 2 (1.8-2.2) wide; subcuticular measurements in the following text are in annulation distinct, about half as wide as #.m, unless otherwise stated; ratios and outer cuticular annules. Lateral field 15 counts have no units. The mean is given (13-16) wide, areolated, and has four lines first, followed in order by the range, stand- most of length, narrowing to two at level of ard deviation, and coefficient of variations ovate metacorpus, ending near level of (as a percentage) in parentheses. Only stylet base. Stylet long and robust, basal mean and range are given in descriptive knobs tulip shaped 8 (7-9) long, 9.5 (8.5- text. 10) wide (n = 10). DGO about 5 from base of stylet knobs. Esophageal glands with DESCRIPTION three nuclei. Esophago-intestinal junction extends 175 (140-198) from anterior end. Hoplolaimus magnistyIus, n. sp. Esophageal lobes extend 248 1210-2981 MEASUREMENTS (30 9 Q, Fig. IA,B, from anterior end, lobes extending 78.2 D-H; Fig. 3): Length = 1.58 mm (1.36- (50-120) beyond esophago-intestinal junc- 1.97; 0.15; 9.7) a = 30.2 (26.4-36.9; 2.4; tion in prime specimens, atrophied in older 8.1/); b = 9.1 (7.5-10.8; 0.9; 10.0); b' = specimens. Distinct nerve ring encircles 6.6 (5.4-8.5; 0.92; 14.0); c = 54.6 (38.9- isthmus. Cephalids present on anterior por- 82.2; 12.3; 22.4); c' = 0.71 (0.50-1.08; 0.73; tion as illustrated (Fig. 1A-C). Excretory 16.41; V = 53.9% (48.4-61.1; 2.65; 4.9); pore prominent, 190 (156-210) from an- stylet = 55.7 (52-61; 1.9; 3.5); stylet cone terior end. Hemizonid large, about two an- = 28.9 (25-~1; 1.6; 5.5). nules in length, located one or two annules HOLOTYPE (Q): Length = 1.63 mm; anterior to excretory pore. Hemizonion a = 31.3; b = 9.1; b' = 6.2; c = 74.0; c' small, located 13 (9-171 annules posterior = .55; V = ~,.8; 51.3%, -"'~."; stylet = 57; to excretory pore. Scutella (phasmids) large styler cone = 31; right scutellum = 34% (5-6) anti conspicuous, variable in position. of body length; left scutellum = 80% Right phasmid located anterior to vulva on of botly length; anterior end to excretory two-thirds of the specimens. Vulva prom- pore distance (ex.p.) = 205; distance of iuent, near midbody, a deep transverse silt. dorsal gland orifice from base of stylet Epiptygma generally absent; if present, in- knobs (DGO) = 5; hemizonid = 14 an- conspicuous. Ovaries two, outstretched nules posterior to ex.p.; median bulb (m.b.) (amphidelphic). Spermatheca round to oval, length = 26; m.b. width = 22; annules = usually with many sperm. Tail hemispher- 2.9 wide in neck region, 2.2 wide at mid- ical to conoid-hemispherical, 30.1 (20-42) body; tail annules = 14; tail length = 22, in length. anal body diameter = 40. MEASUREMENTS (20 8 8, Fig. 1C, I; DESCRIPTION OF FEMALES (para- Fig. 4): Length = 1.49 mm (1.32-1.63; types): Body cylindroid, vermiform, taper- 0.1)9; 6.0); a = 30.5 (27.3-34.1; 1.8; 6.0); b ing slightly at ends. Midbody width 52 = 8.7 (7.8-9.5; 0.5; 6.1); b' = 6.1 (5.2- (45-59). Head definitely set off, with massive 7.3; 0.5; 8.1); c = 42.9 (36.6-53.4; 5.1; 11.9); cephalic framework, usually bearing 5 stylet = 511.8 (46-57; 2.2 4.4); stylet cone = (4-6) lip annules and the oral disc. Labial 27.2 124-31; 1.6; 6.0); spicules = 53.9 region exhibiting sexual dimorphism, lower (52-58); 2.1; 3.9); gubernaculum = 27.2 and more conical than maIe's when viewed (2.1-30; 1.5; 5.6). laterally, and circular en face (SEM) (Fig. ALLOTYPE (8): Length = 1.57 mm; 1, Fig. 3). The oral disc is surrounded by a a = 29.6; b = 8.7; b' --- 6.4; c = 43.6; stylet lip annule which is separated into six sec- -- 52; stylet cone = 28; spicules = 55; tions-two subdorsal, two subventral, and gubernaculum = 28; right scutellum = two reduced lateral sectors. Posteriorly, the 31.1% of length; left scutellum = 82.5% head region is mostly tesselate. The basal of length; DGO = 5; hemizonion -- 12 502 Journrll o] ,Vcmalology, Volume 14, No. 4, October 1982 A E 2°qm A, D, F- I lOqm B,C,E Fig. 1, Hoplolaimus magnistylus, n. sp. A) Anterior ~f female. B) Female head. C) Male head. D) Vulval region, E) Cross-section through uterus (upper half of drawing) and intestine (lower). F) Female posterior. G-H) Female tail variations (H is abnormal). 1) Male tail. Hoplolaimus magnistylus n.
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