STOKE GOI.DING CHURCH

I.—Architectural Notes on the Church

BY A. HAMILTON THOMPSON, M.A., D.Litt., F.S.A.

II.—Medieval Manorial History

BY GEORGE F. FARNHAM, M.A., F.S.A. I.-NOTES ON THE CHURCH By A. Hamilton Thompson, M.A., D.Litt., F.S.A.

Stoke Golding is a village in the Hundred of Sparkenhoe, with a population in 1911 of 613 persons, situated 3 miles north­ west from and 5 miles south-west from . A gentle declivity about 1\ miles to the north of Hinckley leads to a lower lying area bounded on the west by a meandering stream. Here are two villages, close neighbours, Stoke Golding and , less than a mile apart, lying about two miles south of the site of the . Yet nearer to them, in a hollow about a mile to the north-west, is " White Moors," the site of Richmond's encampment on the eve of that . memorable battle. Though lying almost within site of the scene in which the terminated, and from whence a new dynasty rose to the throne of , Stoke Golding has contributed nothing in its brief annals to the history of the country. Apparently its life passed down the centuries peace­ fully and obscurely. Officially it was but a chapelry attached to the manor of Hinckley. Nor can it claim to have the distinction of any illustrious name. One event in its history, however, must have caused a marked change to its few pastoral inhabitants— in their relation to the soil. This was in 1605, when instead of one ownership of nearly the whole of the parish as heretofore, 25 small proprietors obtained possession by the sales of land made by John, lord Harington. As in most English villages, the centre of interest in Stoke Golding has been its church, dedicated to Saint Margaret, and interest in this particular instance arises largely through the records it gives of slow development from what was at first apparently a plain oblong chapel. From the 13th century onwards can be traced the history of enlargement, of reconstruction and of S'l'OKK GOI.DING CHURCH—EAST KND STOKE GOLDING CHURCH—SOUTH FRONT

S10KE GOLDING CHURCH—SOUTH EAST STOKE GOLDING 2OI frequent enrichment at the hands of many unknown benefactors, resulting in an edifice of simple dignity in its general aspect and of much beauty in detailed design, until the 15th century, when the original roof of the nave and chancel was replaced by a flatter oak beamed and leaded roof. Had this remained! unaltered, the aspect would still have been agreeable to the eye, but, un­ fortunately, within the last fifty years the roof of the chancel only was raised again to the former height and covered with incongruous red tiles, thus leaving between the chancel and' tower a gap in space, unexpected and disfiguring.

Early in the present year, Mr. Hamilton Thompson, F.S.A., paid a brief visit to the church and made notes which must be regarded as of great value. They are not only comprehensive and informing as to the stages of development through which the edifice has passed, but they point to conclusions which successfully refute any theory, such as had been formerly advanced, that the south aisle as existing was built in two sections, the first ex­ tending to the length of the arcade and the second an extension to the full length of the chancel. We therefore subjoin Mr. Hamilton Thompson's notes, as follows : — " The only trace of the earlier church is the portion of wall which remains between the chancel and the east end of the south chapel, with another piece to the west, an arch having been cut through the intervening portion. In the first of these pieces is a pointed window opening of the thirteenth century. It is possible that the church to which these belonged followed the normal chapel plan and was a plain oblong building without internal division between nave and chancel, the extent of which corresponded to that of the present chancel and nave. There is no indication that it had a tower. The history of the enlargement and reconstruction of this simple building appears to be as follows : — (1) About 1290 a wide south aisle was set out, covering the entire south side of the church. It was divided into seven bays 202 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. of almost equal width, the second bay, which contains the door­ way, and the east bay being somewhat wider than the others. There can be no question of a later date for two eastern bays; externally and internally, the whole aisle is of one build. The date is clearly settled by the tracery of the windows, which is contemporary with the rest of the work. These are all of three lights, alternately, geometrical, with quatrefoiled circles above trefoils with acutely pointed ends, and of a somewhat more advanced type, in which are similar trefoils, but the place of the cusped circles is taken by sharply pointed quatrefoils, formed within lozenge-shaped figures which are generated by continuing the curved heads of the mullions to the intrados of the window arch on either side. The east window of the aisle is of five lights, each with cinquefoil cusping. There is a large circle in the head, containing an inverted trefoil with pierced cusps, and small trefoiled circles above the side lights. All this work points to 1290-1300 as the period of building, with which the parapet of open quatrefoils, the strings, base-courses, and details of the external buttresses correspond. It may be noted that, in the second type of lateral window, the intersection of the heads of the mullions above the middle light of each opening is covered by a small rosette. This feature occurs in the chancel windows of Checkley, Staffs., the date of which is c. 1300-10, and again in the chancel windows of Norbury, Derbyshire, which are rather later, c. 1320. Internally, there is a tomb recess, with hood-mould and wide chamfered arch, set to the east of the fourth bay from the west end. On the west side of the fifth bay there is a trefoiled piscina, the head of which interrupts the string course beneath the window-sill, but which is of the same date as the rest. At the east end of the south wall is a double; piscina within a cusped opening beneath a crocketed pediment; this is an insertion of c. 1320. This aisle has a gabled roof, the tabling for which remains internally on both sides. This was taken down, and a flat roof substituted in the fifteenth century.

(2); The arcade which divides the nave from the aisle was not STOKE GOLUING CHURCH—INTERIOR, LOOKING SOUTH EAST STOKE GOLDING 203

begun until the aisle had been set out. It is difficult to believe that the original intention of the builders was not to continue the arcade from end to end of the church. They seem, however, to have abandoned this idea, and to have divided the aisle into two portions, leaving the south wall of the chancel intact. The two east bays of the aisle thus formed a separate chapel, which may have been used as a sacristy, and was probably connected with the chancel by a doorway in the wall; while there was another chapel west of this, with its altar near the trefoiled piscina already mentioned. This chapel was open to the nave by an arcade of four bays, with richly moulded arches and piers of quatrefoil section with elaborately carved capitals. The arches are composed of filletted rolls divided by very deep hollows, and the pier-shafts are similarly moulded into flatly curved surfaces with broad fillets on the face and narrow fillets at the sides. All this work is about 1300. The carving of the capitals, so far as the foliage is concerned, is of a very advanced character for this date, and can hardly have been executed as early as 1300 : ceieris paribus, it might easily be attributed to c. 1330. The heads, however, on some of the capitals may be earlier; but in any case, the arcade cannot have been finished till some time after 1300, and the carving was probably done after the stones had been put in place. The four; bays of the arcade were set out quite independently of the divisions of the south aisle. It is obvious that, if the arcade and aisle had been planned together, there would have been a correspondence between them. As it is, the reservation of the old chancel wall and the consequent treatment of the arcade show clearly that this part of the work was not undertaken until the building of the aisle was at any rate well advanced.

(3) Subsequently, c. 1330-40, the whole of the north and east walls were rebuilt. Here, again, there is no exact correspon­ dence with the arcade, but the new north wall Avas set out in six bays, four of which are in the nave and two in the chancel. It seems probable that the two west bays were built first, together with the lower part of the tower. The west bay, with a three- light window, centres very nearly with the opposite bay of the 204 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY south aisle; and the doorway (now blocked) in the second bay is immediately opposite the south doorway. The remaining bays, however, were filled with large four-light windows, which contain flowing tracery of remarkable freedom, the cusping of which is occasionally of a genuinely flamboyant character and cannot therefore be much earlier than 1340: these were spaced irregu­ larly to suit the change of design and to prevent a long unpierced bit of wall at the east end. The five-light east window, with renewed tracery, is somewhat earlier in type, and shows a return to the cusped circle as the principle motive; but the elaboration of the cusping is obviously a refinement of a period much later than that at which the cusped circle was habitually employed. The east window is flanked by buttresses of excellent design, with crocketed and traceried pinnacles. The tracery of these is simple, but the use of the ogee arch clearly declares its advanced fourteenth-century character. This rebuilding may well have been begun soon after 1300, but has been completed in two pieces. The tower-arch of three orders, with continuous hollow chamfers, belongs to the earlier part of the work, and the tower was probably completed as the rest of the building proceeded, the spire being added later. A tablet in the north wall, apparently inserted in the later part of the 17th century, records the rebuilding of the church by Robert Champaine and Margaret, his wife. As Robert died before 1343, and his widow survived him for some ten years, this suits the date of the north and east walls very well; but there is no authentic evidence to prove the statement and it cannot be true of any other part of the church.

(4) In the fifteenth century, when the roofs of the church were flattened, a plain arch, c. 1480, was cut in the south wall of the chancel, thus connecting the east chapel of the aisle with the chancel, and probably removing the older doorway between the two. The only piece of ancient furniture remaining is the font, an octagonal stone structure, c. 1350, with two panels carved with tracery, two with tracer,' and shields, and three with figures STOKE COWING CHURCH—THE FONT STOKE GOLDING 205 of St.Margaret, St. Katherine, and a bishop. The eighth side is plain, and probably had a projection which has been cut away. It may be noted in conclusion that previous accounts of this church have assumed that the south aisle is the latest portion of the building and has been lengthened. This theory is entirely refuted by the architectural detail, and the story of the archi­ tectural development of the building seems clearly to follow the line of progress described above." For the plan of the church we are greatly indebted to Mr. Albert Herbert, who, on this as on other occasions, has given much time and trouble to the work in the interests of historical research. II.—MANORIAL HISTORY By George F. Farnham, M.A., F.S.A.

In attempting to trace the medieval manorial history of Stoke Golding it may be advisable to state that in medieval documents the village is always called Stoke. Documentary references to Stoke in medieval times are scarce, and when the place is named it usually occurs in con­ junction with some other village in the county. Stoke is not mentioned by name in the Domesday Survey of 1086 or in the incomplete Leicestershire Survey of 1124-9. It is not until the commencement of the 13th century that we find any mention of Stoke at all. For the period from the Conquest until 1200 we have to rely on the supposition that Stoke was, manorially speaking, a hamlet of the manor of Hinckley, the descent of which manor has not so far been very satisfactorily traced from actual deeds. At the time of the Domesday Survey the manor of Hinckley was in the king's hand, because Aubrey de Couci, to whom it had been granted, had relinquished his English estates and had retired to Normandy. We are told that the manor of Hinckley was then given to Hugh de Grentemaisnil, and descended in some rather obscure way to Petronilla de Grentemaisnil, Hugh's great-granddaughter. Petronilla married Robert Blanchmains, the 3rd earl of of the Beaumont line, and in this way the manor of Hinckley became incorporated with the possessions of the earldom of Leicester, and when, in 1204, Robert, 4th earl of Leicester died childless, the manor of Hinckley, in the sub­ sequent partition of the Leicester inheritance between the two sisters and co-heirs of the late earl, was allotted to the honor of Leicester and not to that of Winchester, and descended with that aforesaid honor. STOKE GOLDING 207

After thg death of Simon de Montfort, earl of Leicester, at the battle of Evesham on 4 August, 1265, and the subsequent forfeiture of his estates, king Henry III bestowed these estates upon his younger son Edmund, who was created earl of Lan­ caster and Leicester, and so became the chief lord of the manor of Hinckley and its hamlets. In the inquisition taken after the death of Edmund, earl of Lancaster, in 1297, in an extent of the knight's fees held by him in the county of Leicester, we find that Stoke is twice mentioned, viz., 1. Two fees held under the earl by Robert de Campania in Wigston, Thurlaston, Normanton, Croft, Stoke and Upton by service of suit of court and scutage, i.e., by attending the earl's manor court and by contributing his proportion of the king's scutage charged on the earl. 2. One fee in Sapcote, Stoke and Upton held under the earl by Ralph Basset of Sapcote by the same service. From this inquisition we learn definitely that the manorial rights of Stoke were held under the chief lordship of the earl of Lancaster by two sub-tenants, Robert de Campania, lord of a manor in Thurlaston, whose ancestor had been enfeoffed in lands in Wigston by one of the earls of Leicester towards the end of the 12th century, and Ralph Basset, lord of the manor of Sap­ cote, a descendant of a cadet branch of the family of Richard Basset, the justiciar in the reigns of king Henry I and king Stephen, who had received through royal favour almost the whole of the possessions which had been granted by the Conqueror to Robert de Buci in the county of Leicester. Incidentally, this Robert de Campania, of 1297, provides us with some interesting information concerning him and the family, contained in the plea rolls, because in his younger days he had committed a breach of feudal law by marrying while he was under age, without the consent of his guardian, who in consequence claimed the damages due to him. The damages were usually assessed at two years value of the estates, in this case £341 8s. 9d., the yearly value being £170 14s. Od., and we are told these estates lay in the counties of Leicester, Northampton and Essex in England and in Galloway in Scotland. The feudal law gave 2O8 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY the marriages of infants in their wardship to their guardians, who usually tried to marry them to one of their own relations, the sole restriction being that the guardian must not disparage the heir by offering him, or her, a person who was of inferior status. The earliest deed that I have found in which Stoke is men­ tioned is a fine of Trinity term, 3 John, 1201, between Geoffrey Despenser, plaintiff, and Alice de Campania, tenant, by Robert de Campania, her son, put in her place, i.e., her attorney, of 4 virgates, 9 acres of land in Croft and 3 virgates in Thurlaston. Geoffrey quitclaimed all his right in the land to Alice and her heirs for ever, and Alice gave him 6 marks, moreover, in respect of a virgate of land which the same Geoffrey and Mabel, his wife, hold of the said Alice in Stoke by a free service of 12d. yearly and foreign service, Alice quitclaimed the said 12d. rent to Geoffrey and Mabel and their heirs for ever. N.B.—This shows that the family of Campania had acquired an interest in Stoke before the year 1201. The next reference to Stoke is in the Matriculus of Hugh Welles, bishop of Lincoln, about 1225, viz., The abbot of Lyra (in Normandy) is patron of the church of Hinckley, and it has three chapels, Stoke, Dadlington and Wykin. The chapel of Stoke is free, having all sacraments, and it pays synodals as the mother church 3s. 6d., and has a resident chaplain, ministering whatever may be necessary, through the prior. In the 13th century there was resident in Stoke a family calling itself " of Stoke " concerning whom there are two un­ dated charters in the British Museum. (Add. Charters 19920 and 21402). 1. Know all men that I, Robert de Campania, have given and by my present charter have confirmed to Roger son of William de Stoke in free marriage with Matilda, my daughter, all the service which William de Stoke, father of the said Roger, owed me for certain lands in Stoke, together with a meadow called Segwelle hamme. To hold to Roger and his issue by the said Matilda for ever. These being witnesses, William Burdet, Anchetil Folevill and Theobald de Bellus, knights, Hugh de Turvill and others. STOKE GOLDING 209 N.B.—TJhe date of this charter would be about the middle of the 13th century before 1260. 2. A charter of Henry, abbot of Leicester, granting a vir- gate of land with the appurtenances in Stoke to William son of Roger de Stoke for his homage and service, at a yearly rent of 18d. and foreign service of the king. N.B.—Henry, abbot of Leicester, was appointed in 1247 and resigned in September, 1270. William de Stoke, possibly of Stoke Golding, appears as one of the executors of the will of John de Bosco, of Claybrook and elsewhere, in 1290. (De Banco Roll 83, Trin. 18 Edward I, m. 123, Leyc.) In 1293, Roger son of William de Stoke, of the county of Leicester, enrolled a charter granting to Nicholas de Warrewyk and Joan, his wife, and the heirs of Nicholas, the gift of William de Stoke in Fulbrook, co. Warwick. (De Banco Roll 98, Hilary, 21 Edward I, m. 139, Leyc.) In 1308, Juliana who was the wife of William de Stoke sued Matilda who was the wife of James de la Plaunche for a third part of 40s. rent in Claybrook as dower. (De Banco Roll 170, Easter, 1 Edward II, m. 94). A fine was levied at Michaelmas, 7 Edward II, 1313, between Robert the son of Nicholas de Campania, plaintiff, and Roger de Stoke, defendant of the manor of Thurlaston and 12 messuages, 7 virgatesof land and £7 5s. Sd.rentinWigston. The manor, lands, etc., are declared to be the right of Roger de Stoke, who granted them to the said Robert de Campania for life, and after Robert's death, to Robert the son of Robert de Campania and Margaret his wife, and their joint issue, and in default of such issue, then to the right heirs of Robert son of Nicholas de Campania for ever. This fine is important! for the history of Stoke, because on it are based several traditions respecting the church of Stoke, and also because Nichols, in his history of Stoke, vol. iv, p. 715, makes a serious error respecting it. The story, as related by Nichols, copied, he says from Burton's notes, is as follows: " that a certain Sir Roger de Stoke, knight, lord of the manor of 210 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Stoke Golding, gave the manor of Stoke to Sir Robert de Cam­ pania, knight, in marriage with Margaret, daughter and heir of Sir Roger, in the reign of king Edward I." On page 718, Nichols further says " that Sir Robert de Campania, about the latter end of the reign of king Edward I, built the existing church of Stoke Golding, dedicating it (according to the name of his wife, and in love to her, for that by her he had the said land) to the honour of St. Margaret," and Nichols gives as his own and Burton's authority for the first part of the above state­ ment an inquisition taken after the death of Reginald Moton of Peckleton in 24 Henry VI, 1445. On referring to the original inquisition of Reginald Moton, I find that, instead of the manor being Stoke, as Nichols and Burton say, the manor mentioned is Thurlaston, and the lands are in Wigston, precisely as given in the fine of 1313, which the inquisition quotes verbatim. The place Stoke is not mentioned in the inquisition at all. The correct story is that Robert de Campania, wishing to settle part of his estates on the marriage of his eldest son and heir Robert with a certain Margaret, who, possibly, and even probably, was a daughter of Roger de Stoke, gave his manor of Thurlaston and certain messuages, lands and rents in Wigston to Roger de Stoke as trustee so that Roger should regrant them to him (Robert) for life, and then to his son Robert and Margaret and their issue in tail. This was the ordinary settlement by way of grant and regrant. There is no ground for saying that Roger de Stoke was a knight and he certainly was not the lord of the manor of Stoke Golding, and his supposed daughter Margaret does not appear to have been his heir, neither did Robert and Margaret rebuild the church of Stoke in the reign of king Edward I, and there is nothing but tradition to warrant the supposition that the rebuilt church was dedicated by them to St. Margaret because Robert de Campania had married a lady whose Christian name happened to be Margaret. It is quite possible that the original dedication of the church was in honour of St. Margaret, and that Robert de Campania, or his father Robert, rebuilt, or added to, the original church of Stoke. In any case Robert and Margaret could scarcely have been in a position to spend money on the STOKE GOLDING 2 I I church until gfter the death of Robert's father in 1315, by which time the son Robert would have succeeded, not only to the pro­ perty entailed by the fine of 1313, but also to his father's estate in Stoke. Robert de Campania, the husband of Margaret, died in 1343, and after his death, his widow Margaret claimed 8 acres of land in Stoke which she said had been given by Roger de Stoke to her, and her issue by Robert, her late husband, and which Robert in his lifetime had demised without his wife's consent to certain William Assheby and Christiana his wife. Christiana came and defended her right, and said that Robert de Campania had given her the land for term of her life, and that the reversion belonged, not to Margaret, but to Margaret's son and heir William de Campania. The Lay Subsidies of 1327 and 1332 show that the family " of Stoke," though no member was at any time lord of the manor, were substantial free tenants of the manor, for in the subsidy of 1327 William de Stoke was taxed 5s. and Adam de Stoke 2s. 6d, respectively, on their property in Stoke; and in the subsidy of 1332 William de Stoke was again taxed 5s. and Adam de Stoke 3s. for lands in Stoke. William de Campania, son of Robert and Margaret, died on Christmas day, 1354. The Leicestershire portion of the inquisition taken after his death has been lost, but in 1356, William's widow Alice sued for a third part of the manors of Thurlaston, Stoke and Wigston with appurtenances in Croft and Normanton, as dower, of the dotation of William de Campania, formerly her husband. (De Banco Roll 387, Trinity, 30 Edward III, m. 88, Leyc.) After the death of William de Campania, who died without male issue, his estates descended to his daughter Margaret, who married ————— Hastings, and from her to her daughter, also named Margaret, the wife of John Sulne, chivaler. Margaret Sulne died on or about August 15, 1381. The inquisition taken after her death states that her heirs were William Daundelyn, Margaret the wife of Geoffrey Bugge and Elisabeth the wife of Thomas Hrnt, William and Margaret were aged over 30 and 212 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Elisabeth was 24 and more; William being the son of Joan Daundelyn, one of the sisters of William de Campania, while Margaret and Elisabeth were daughters of Margaret Foucher, another sister of William de Campania. The Campania estate at Stoke devolved on the Bugge family, for in the Close Roll no. 284, m. 16, 1433, Baldwin Bugge, son of Edmund, son of Geoffrey Bugge and the above Margaret, by his deed, put his estates in Thurlaston, Stoke, Normanton, Croft and Wigston into the names of Thomas Crull, clerk, and others, as trustees. Baldwin died in August, 1435, and in the inquisition taken after his death, his sister Margaret, late the wife of Richard Turvill, and now the wife of Reginald Moton, aged 30 years, was found to be Baldwin's heir. By her first marriage Margaret had a son William Turvill, who died in his mother's lifetime, but he left a son John Turvill who succeeded to Margaret's estates at Stoke and elsewhere at her death on 5 April, 1474. N.B.—This explains how the Campania manor in Stoke came to the family of Turvill, with which family it remained until the year 1591, when, by a fine levied at Easter, 33 Elisabeth, Henry Turvill and Anne, his wife, sold to Sir John Harington, knight, afterwards lord Harington of Exton, the manor of Stoke Golding and 9 messuages, 16 tofts, 9 gardens, 9 orchards, 400 acres of land, 80 of meadow, 150 of pasture, 1 of wood, 100 of furze and heath and 5s. 4d. rent in Stoke Golding and Stapleton. So far, we have been tracing chiefly the descent of the Cam­ pania manor in Stoke; the descent of the Basset of Sapcote manor in Stoke is less certain owing to the paucity of references. At the death of Henry, duke of Lancaster in 1361, it was returned that Ralph Basset held one knight's fee under the duke in Sapcote, Stoke and Upton. This is identical with the return made in 1297. The last Ralph, lord Basset of Sapcote, died without male issue on 17) July, 1378, his two daughters being his heirs, namely, Alice, his daughter by his first wife Sibyl, the daughter of Giles Astley, and then wife of Sir Robert Moton, knight, of Peckleton, and Elisabeth, his daughter by his second wife Alice, the daughter of John] Derby, and though only aged 7, STOKE GOLDING 213 married to Richard Grey, afterwards lord Grey of Codnor. The Basset manor in Stoke seems to have been divided between these daughters. It is certain that the share inherited by Alice, lady Moton, descended to the Moton family, because Robert Moton, in his will dated at Peckleton on 13 June and proved on 20 Oct., 1498, mentioned his lands and tenements in Stoke, which he wills should be " mortest " for a chantry to pray for his and his relations' souls in the event of his heirs dying without lawful issue. This contingency did not arise, and the property came to his daughter and eventual heir Elisabeth the wife of Sir John Harington, knight, the grandfather of the purchaser of the Campania manor of Stoke from Henry Turvill and his wife in 1591. (P.C.C. Wills. 25 Home.) The part inherited by Elisabeth, lady Grey of Codnor, seems to have been acquired by the Swillingtons, for Joan who was the wife of Roger Swillington died on 20 Sept., 1427, seised of 2 messuages and ij virgates of land in Stoke, as part of her dower. (Inq. p.m. Henry VI. File 35). And Margaret Gra, the daughter and heir of Roger Swillington, and wife of Sir John Gra, knight, died on 7 Oct., 1429, seised of 2 messuages and 2| virgates of land in Stoke, her heir being her second cousin Elisabeth the daughter of Thomas Swillington and wife of Robert Sampson. In both inquisitions the property in Stoke is returned as held of Reginald, lord Grey of Ruthin; but how he came to be interested in property which was, or should have been, held by Elisabeth, lady Grey of Codnor, has not been ascertained. (Inq. p.m. 8 Henry VI. File 46). The probability is that this portion also came by purchase into the hands of Sir John Harington, who thus held, by inheri­ tance and by purchase, the whole of the manorial rights of Stoke and a large part of thd lands. Sir John, who in 1603 was created lord Harington of Exton, did not hold these lands for long, for in 1603 he contracted with twenty-five inhabitants of Stoke to sell to them the lands they held of him. Shortly before this, lord Harington had bargained with one Basil Trimmell1 to sell to Trimmell for the sum of £340 " All that the manor house and 214 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

capital messuage of the manor of Stoke Golding with the appur­ tenances in Stoke Golding then or late in the tenure of William Hilton, with the houses, buildings, stables, orchards, gardens, commons, fishings, lands, tenements, meadows, pastures, privi­ leges, easements, profits and commodities whatsoever with the same occupied, a rent of 2s. payable as a chief rent yearly for the land of one Oliver Hynman in Stoke, together with the service of the said Oliver, a rent of 2s. issuing out of a messuage in the tenure of Edward Foordc taken to be the lands of Edward Brookesbye, with the service of the said Edward Brookesbye, a rent of one penny out of the lands of William Smith in Stoke, with the service of the said William, a rent of one pound of pepper out of the lands of John Everard in Dadlington, co. Leicester, with the service of the said John Everard for the said land, and all that close of pasture in Stoke called the Great Parke, one other close called by the name of the Lytle Parkc, one close called Hemplott, one close divided into two parts adjoining to the Great Parke and a hedge called Thornetall hedge, one close called Owpale, one other close of pasture called the Gulden close in Stoke, in the parish of Hinckley and Dadliiig- ton, all which were lately in the tenure of the said William Hilton or of his assigns." It will be noticed from the above extract that lord Harington sold to Trimmell the manor house and certain services due to him as lord of the manor, but appar­ ently he did not sell the manor to anyone. The details of the sale by lord Harington to the men of Stoke will be found in the Appendix to this article taken from a Chancery suit of 2 James I, 1604, H. 14-8.

I have no documentary knowledge of what happened to the manor of Stoke after lord Harington sold the lands to the twenty- five inhabitants. The inquisitions post mortem printed in the Appendix show that in 1615, 1621 and 1625, John Dracott, of Upton, was the holder of some manorial rights in Stoke. By a fine levied in the octaves of Hilary, 2 Charles I, 1627, John Dracott and Anne, his wife, and Philip Dracott, son and heir apparent of the said John, sold the manor of Upton. In 1628 some of the manorial rights in Stoke which had belonged to John Dracott came into the possession of William Wollaston as held STOKE GOLDING 215 of his manor^ of Upton. With the outbreak of the Civil war, inquisitions post mortem ceased to be taken and were not renewed, because the Long Parliament abolished knight service. This is therefore a convenient time to bring the manorial history of Stoke Golding to a close. 2l6 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

APPENDIX.

Lay Subsidy 133-1. 1 Edward III. 1327. From William de Stoke Ss. Adam de Stoke 2s. 6d. Thomas de Hurlee 2s. Richard Gylofre 2s. 6d. Roger Alysotes Is. Ralph Perkyn 18d. Thomas Tholy Is. Robert Edeke Is. William Attebyrke Is. Henry Fareman 3s. Sum 20s. 6d.

Lay Subsidy 133-2. 6 Edward III. 1332. From William de Stoke Ss. Adam de Stoke 3s. Thomas de Hurle 2s. Richard Giloffre 2s. 6d. Roger Alefot 2s. Ralph Perkyn 2s. Thomas Tholy 18d. Robert Edeke 21d. William Roter 22d. Henry Fareman 2s. 5d. Sum 24s.

Lay Subsidy 133-29, 4 Richard II, 1381. Poll Tax. John Mold. \ John Haukyn. > sworn. Robert Wath, constable. ) From Robert Wath, constable, and Margery his wife, husbandman, 2s., Robert Roger and Joan his wife, husbandman, 2s. 2d. Margery,his daughter, 12d. Margery Hawkesford, widow, 12d. Richard Wikehay, labourer, 12d. John Note, husbandman, 2s. Adam de Sketehiscleve and Isabell his wife, husbandman, 2s. Richard Hobbe and Joan his wife, husbandman, 3s. Margery, his daughter, 6d. Agnes, his daughter, 6d. Thomas Smyth and Elena his wife, smith, 2s. Geoffrey Burke and Amice his wife, labourer, 12d. Robert Perus and Alice his wife, husbandman, 2s. Roger Note and Cecily his wife, husbandman, 2s. 2d. Adam Semens, 12d. STOKE GOLDING 217

From Agnes, his maid, 12d. Elisha Hurdeman and Alice his wife, labourer, 2s. John Foreman and Alice his wife, husbandman, 2s. William Wryth and Agnes his wife, carpenter, 2s. William Flanvile, labourer, 12d. Joan Hawkyn, servant, 12d. John Hawkyns and Margery his wife, husbandman, 2s. 2d. John, his servant, 12d. Elisabeth Bate, widow, 18d. Alice, her maid, 6d John Hobbe and Agnes his wife, miller, 2s. Robert de Stoke, franklyn, 2s. Richard Gylofur and Joan his wife, husbandman, 2s. Richard Cowper and Joan his wife, husbandman, 2s. John Grene and Agnes his wife, husbandman, 2s. Joan Toly, widow, 18d. Thomas, her son, 8d. Joan, her daughter, 6d. Margery, her daughter, 6d. Robert Eldon, workman, 12d. John Mold and Agnes his wife, husbandman, 2s. 2d. Joan, their daughter, 12d. John, servant of the same, 12d. Emma Fareman, servant, lOd. Elena Wild, servant, 8d. Agnes atte Welle, servant, 8d. Sum total 58 shillings.

Fine, Easter, 33 Elisabeth, 1591. Between John Harington, knight, and Anne, his wife, plaintiffs, and Henry Turvile esquire and Anne his wife, defendants of the manor of Stoke Golding and 9 messuages, 16 tofts, 9 gardens, 9 orchards, 400 acres of land, 80 of meadow, 150 of pasture, 1 of wood, 100 of furze and heath and 5s. 4d. rent in Stoke Goldyng and Stapelton. The manor is declared to be the right of Sir John Harington.

Chancery, 2 James I. H. 14-19. 13 Feb. 1604. To the Rt. Hon. Thomas, lord Ellismere, lord chancellor of England. In all humbleness sheweth unto your good lordship John, lord Harrington, baron of Exton, and your daily orators Leonard Barrye, gent., William Whitwick, gent., Oliver Smith, Oliver Hindman, Henrv Pallett, Thomas Johnson, Thomas Crooke, Richard Hilton, Thomas Whetston, Richard Bradgate, John Bradford, Nicholas Dowell, William Smith, William Madgett, Thomas Nutt, Amys Mabell, Richard Balle, John Dafforne, Richard Boylson, Edward Foorde, Christopher Hooke, Thomas Saunsom, William Hurst, William Forman and William Carte, husbandmen, that whereas 6 months since it was contracted, concluded and agreed upon between the said lord Harrington on the one part, and the said orators and one Basil Trimmell, gent., of the other part, in manner and form following—that is to sav that the said lord Harrington, upon good and valuable consideration of money agreed upon should, by good assurances and conveyances in the law, convey and assure unto your said orators severally the several messuages, cottages, lands, 2l8 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

tenements and hereditaments in Stoke in the county of Leicester hereafter mentioned and expressed, viz. Unto the said orator Leonard Barrye and his heirs, one messuage or tenement with appurtenances, and all those 8 closes in Stoke aforesaid containing by estimation 100 acres more or less, in the tenure or occupation of the said Leonard Barrye or his assigns, whereof some of them were lately taken in and inclosed out of the common fields of S'toke, and the rest anciently inclosed and belonging unto the said messuage, and now likewise in the tenure or occupation of the said Leonard Barrye or of his assigns. Unto the said orator William Wightwick and his heirs one close or pasture called the Heath and Fennes hole in Stoke, lately inclosed and taken in out of the common fields there, containing by estimation 65 acres, now or late in the tenure or occupation of the said Richard Bradgate. Unto the said orator Oliver Smith, the younger, one messuage or tenement in Stoke and 5 closes, some of them ancient inclosures, and the rest lately taken in out of the said common fields, con­ taining by estimation 44 acres, and now in the tenure or occupation of the said Oliver Smith, the elder, or of their assigns. Unto the said orator Oliver Hindman and his heirs, 2 closes lying in a place called the Gulden, containing by estimation 60 acres, 2 whereof are ancient inclosures and the rest now taken in out of the said common fields, then and now in the tenure and occupation of the said Henry Pallett. Unto the said orator Thomas Johnson, 4 closes, containing by estimation 40 acres, one anciently inclosed, and the others lately taken in out of the common fields of Stoke, and now in the tenure and occupation of the said Thomas Johnson or of his assigns. Unto the said orator Thomas Crooke, one messuage with appur­ tenances in Stoke, and 5 closes or pastures containing by estimation 65 acres, one ancient inclosure, and the others lately taken in put of the common fields there, now or late in the tenure or occupation of the said Thomas Crooke or of his assigns. Unto the said orator Richard Hilton, one messuage or tenement with appurtenances in Stoke, and 3 closes containing by estimation 30 acres lately taken in] out of the common fields there, now or late in the tenure or occupation of John Bradford. Unto the said orator Thomas Whetston, one messuage or tene­ ment with appurtenances in Stoke, and 4 closes containing by estimation 40 acres, one of which closes is ancient inclosure, and the others lately taken in out of the common fields there. Unto the said orator Richard Bradgate, one messuage or tene­ ment with appurtenances in Stoke, and 3 closes containing by esti­ mation 30 acres, one of which is ancient inclosure, and the others lately taken in out of the common fields there, now in the tenure or occupation of the said Richard Bradgate or of his assigns. Unto the said orator John Bradford, one messuage or tenement in Stoke, and 5 closes containing by estimation 30 acres, 2 whereof are ancient inclosures, and the rest lately taken in out of the common fields there, now in the tenure or occupation of the said John Bradford or his assigns. Unto the said orator Nicholas Dooewell, one messuage or tene­ ment with appurtenances in Stoke, and 5 closes containing by esti­ mation 30 acres, 2 whereof are ancient inclosures, and the rest lately taken in out of the common fields there and now in the tenure or occupation of the said Nicholas Dooewell or of his assigns. STOKE GOLDING 219

Unto the said orator William Smith, 3 closes in Stoke, con­ taining bj estimation 14 acres, lately taken in out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure or occupation of the said William Smith, or of his assigns. Unto the said orator William Madgett, one messuage or tene­ ment with appurtenances in Stoke, and 4 closes containing 38 acres, one of which is ancient inclosure, and the others lately taken in out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said William Madgett or his assigns. Unto the said orator Thomas Nutt, one cottage or tenement with appurtenances in Stoke, and 3 closes containing 6 acres, 2 whereof are ancient inclosures, and the other lately taken in out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said Thomas Nutt or of his assigns. Unto the said Amys Mabell, one cottage or tenement with appurtenances in Stoke and 2 closes containing 5 acres lately taken in out of the common fields there, now in the tenure of the said Amys Mabell. Unto the said Richard Balle, 3 closes in Stoke, containing 6 acres, lately taken in out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said Richard Balle or of his assigns. Unto the said John Dafforne, 4 closes in S'toke, containing 6 acres, whereof one is ancient inclosure, and the others lately taken in out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said John Dafforne. Unto the said Richard Boylson, one cottage or tenement with appurtenances in Stoke, and 2 closes containing 6 acres lately inclosed out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said Richard Boylson or of his assigns. Unto the said Edward Foorde, one close containing 1 acre, lately inclosed out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said Edward Foorde or of his assigns. Unto the said Christopher Hooke, 2 closes in Stoke, containing 28 acres, one anciently inclosed and the other new inclosed out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said Chris­ topher Hooke or of his assign. Unto the said Thomas Saunsom and his heirs, the moiety of one close in Stoke, containing 25 acres lately inclosed out of the common fields there, and now in the joint tenure of the said Thomas Saunsom and William Hurst. Unto the said William Hurste and his heirs, the other moiety -of the said last mentioned close. Unto the said William Farmer, one close in Stoke, lately taken in out of the common fields there, containing 20 acres and now in the tenure of the said William Farmer or of his assigns. Unto the said William Carte, one messuage or tenement in -Stoke, and 5 closes containing 90 acres, lately taken in out of the common fields there, and now in the tenure of the said William Carte or of his assigns. Unto the said Basil Trimmell and his heirs, one messuage or tenement in Stoke by name of the manor house or capital messuage, in the tenure of William Hilton and Richard Hilton, and 8 closes con­ taining 100 acres in the tenure of William Hilton and Richard Hilton, whereof 3 are anciently inclosed, and the rest lately taken in out of the common fields there, and certain chief rents and a Ib. of pepper chief, and the service and seignory thereof. 22O LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

And the said lord Harrington, for further assurance and sure making of the premises, should upon reasonable request unto him to be made, levy one or more fines of the premises by any name or names as by the said orators, the said intended purchasers, and by the said Basil Trimmell, or their counsel learned in the law, should be devised, unto one or more person, and to his or their heirs, to the use of the said connisee or connisees, and his or their heirs, to make him or them tenants of the freehold of the said premises whereby a writ of entry in le post might be brought against him or them that should be connisees in the said fine, and the connisee or connisees in the said fine should vouch over the said lord Harrington and the lady Anne his wife, and they the common vouchee, that thereby a recovery might be had of the said premises and execution thereof, according to the manner of common recovery in such cases used, which said recovery and the full intent of the same and the recoveries in the same shall be seised and the said recovery should be and inure, and should be deemed and taken to be and inure, unto the several use and uses above mentioned and expressed of the several purchases according to the said bargain, and to no other use or uses, for accomplishment of which said agreement and contract the said lord Harrington (first and before any estate was made of any of the premises into any of the residue of the said orators) made, sealed and delivered an Indenture of bargain of sale and executed a deed of feoffment unto the said Basil Trimmell of All that the said manor house or .capital messuage, closes and chief rents by him contracted for, which the said lord Harrington, as is aforesaid^ and afterwards by like bargain and sale and deed of feoffment, executed unto every one of the said orators of the said messuages, lands, etc., by them contracted for with the said lord Harrington. But now it is that the said Basil Trimmell, over and besides the said premises by him contracted for, as aforesaid, hath also con­ veyed and assured unto him and his heirs in and by his indenture of bargain and sale and deed of feoffment by general words there conveyed contrary to the true meaning (as is perceived or at least doubted of by some of your orators' counsel) all other lands be­ longing to the said manor of Stoke or parcel thereof by these general words therein contained, viz., " All that the manor of Stoke aforesaid and all and singular the rights, privileges, heredita­ ments and appurtenances belonging to the said manor of Stoke or parcel thereof and not bargained and sold to the other the tenants or purchasers of the other several lands belonging to the said manor or parcel thereof " whereas in truth your orators had contracted for their several estates, but had no assurance of the same, when the said assurance was executed to the said Trimmell, but 3'our orators' assurances were severally executed from the lord Har­ rington, although bargained for before as aforesaid, after the assurance of the said Trimmell, and so they are void and of no force or effect to convey these several premises meant and intended unto them and their heirs as aforesaid. And your said orators, the said intended purchasers (being now as the case standeth) enforced to take their assurances from the said Basil Trimmell, must take the same, subject and charged, as well with a title of dower of the now wife of the said Trimmell, as also be incumbered and charged with statutes, recognitions, exe­ cutions, rents and other charges, leases, estates and encumbrances here before had or made, or hereafter and before the making of such assurances to be had or made, by the said Basil to your said orators, contrary to the said contract and agreement so made as aforesaid, and the true intent and meaning of all parties thereunto, to the STOKE GOLDING 221 great undbing and hindrance of all your said orators, the said in­ tended purchasers, who have engaged their whole estates upon the said purchases, if some speedy remedy be not herein taken and provided by your good lordship, etc. Your said orators pray therefore for a writ of subpoena to be directed to the said Basil Trimmell, etc. Basil Trimmell answers, under date 1 May, 1605, that one William Wighman, gent., being put in Trust to deal for lord Har- rington for the sale of the manor of Stoke, co. Leicester, and of the lands, tenements and hereditaments of lord Harrington in Stoke, this defendant did, about the time the said complainants concluded and bargained for their lands and tenements which they pretend by their said bill to have bought of the said lord Harring­ ton, conclude and fully agree with the said William Wightman, in consideration of the sum of £340 to be paid to the said lord Har­ rington, his executors and assigns, that he, the said lord Harring­ ton, and his heirs should convey to this defendant and his heirs All that the manor house and capital messuage of the manor of Stoke Golding with appurtenances situate in Stoke Golding, then or late in the tenure of William Hilton, with the houses, buildings, stables, backsides, orchards, gardens, commons, fishings, lands, tenements, meadows, pastures, privileges, easements, profits, and commodities whatsoever with the same occupied, and the rent of 2s. yearly payable as a chief rent for the land of one Oliver Hynman in Stoke, with the service of the said Oliver, the rent of 2s. issuing out of one messuage in the tenure of Edward Foorde, taken to be the lands of Edward Brookesbye, with the service of the said Edward Brookesbye, the rent of one penny out of the lands of William Smith in Stoke, with the service of the said William Smith, the rent of a Ib. of pepper out of the lands of John Everard in Dadlington, co. Leicester, with the service of the said John Everard for the said land, and all that close of pasture in Stoke Golding called the Great Parke, one other close called by the name of the Lytle Parke, one close called Hemplott, one close divided into two parts, adjoining to the Great Parke and a hedge called Thorntall hedge, one close called Owpale, one other close or pasture called the Olden close in Stoke, in the parish of Hinckley and Dadlington, all which were lately in the tenure of the said William Hilton or of his assigns, etc., by virtue of which he taketh it he ought to have all hereditaments, parcel of the said manor, not bargained or agreed to be bargained to the said complainants, and that whatsoever the said general words may work in law, yet his intent and meaning never was that his said bargain should frustrate or diminish the said several bargains, purchases or contracts of the particular lands which the said complainants purchased from the said lord Harring­ ton or contracted for, etc. Fine, Trinity 3 weeks, 3 James I, 1605. Between Richard Boughton esquire, plaintiff, and John Har­ rington, knight, lord Harrington of Exton, and Anne his wife, Basil Trimmell, gent., and Lucy his wife, Leonard Barry, gent., William Wightwick, gent., Oliver Smyth, Oliver Hindman, Henry Pallett, Thomas Johnson, Thomas Crooks, Richard Hilton, Thomas Whetston, Richard Bradgate, John Bratford, Nicholas Dowell, William Smythe, William Magett, Thomas Nutt, Anne Mabell, Richard Balle, John Dafforne, Richard Boylson, Edward Forde, Christopher Hooke, Thomas Sansome, William Hurste, William Farmer, and William Carte, defendants of the manor of Stoke Goldinge and 12 messuages, 4 cottages, 1 dovehouse, 20 gardens, 222 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

20 orchards, 200 acres of land, 140 of meadow, 160 of pasture, 500 of furze and heath and 2s. 3d. rent and the rent of a Ib. of pepper in Stoke Goldinge, Hinckley and Dadlington. The property is declared to be the right of Richard Boughton and his heirs, and he gave the defendants £600. Fine, Oct. Purification, 4 James I, 1607. Between Basil Trimmell, gent., plaintiff, and William Magitt, esquire, and Katherine his wife, defendants of a messuage, an orchard, 10 acres of land, 5 of meadow, and 20 of pasture in Stoke Golding. Inquisition p.m. Thomas Saunsom, of Hinckley, yeoman, Series ii, File 685/86. Taken at Hinckley on 20 Dec., 9 James I, 1611. The jury say that Thomas died seised of 2 messuages or tene­ ments in Hinckley in his demesne as of fee, also of a virgate of land in Hinckley which: are now in the tenure of Thomas Sansoum, the son of the said Thomas; and of 2 closes in Stoke Golding in the same tenure. By indenture dated 21 Oct., 6 James I (1608), made between Thomas Sansoum, of one part, and Richard Bent, of Stoney Stanton, of the other part, and in consideration of his love for his son, and for a marriage to be had between the said Thomas Sansoum and Jane Bent, the daughter of Richard Bent, Thomas Sansoum (the father) enfeoffed certain Richard Samen and Edward Hurst in the above property, as trustees for the uses mentioned in the aforesaid indenture; namely, to the use of himself for his life, and then as to one moiety for Thomas Saunsom (the son) and the said Jane, and their joint issue; and the other moiety to the use of Isabel, the wife of Thomas S'aunsom (the father) for term of life of the said Isabel. Thomas Saunsom died on 17 June, 9 James I, 1611. Thomas Saunsom is his eldest son and heir and aged 22 years and more. Isabel survives and lives at Hinckley. The premises were held of the king, as of the honor of Tutbury, parcel of the duchy of Lancaster, in free and common socage, and worth 10s. Lay Subsidy 134-284, 9 James I, 1611. Stoake. From Leonard Barrie, gent., in lands 30s. tax 2s. William Carte, „ £2 2s. 8d. William Smith, in goods £3 3s. Henry Pallet, in goods £3 3s. Oliver Hindman, „ £3 3s. Amys Mabell, ,, £3 3s. Richard Everton, ,, £3 3s. Sum 19s. 8d. Inquisition p.m. Leonard Barrie, gent., Series ii, File 685/70. Taken at Hinckley on 23 August, 13 James I, 1615. The jury say that Leonard was seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage or tenement, a cottage, 60 acres of pasture and 10 of meadow in Stoke Goldinge, now in the tenure of Marie Barrie, late the wife of the aforesaid Leonard, which premises are parcel of the STOKE GOLDING 22J

manor gf Stoke Goldinge, and the manor is held of John Dracott, esquire, as of his manor of Upton, in free socage, by suit of court and 10s. yearly rent, and worth 10s. Leonard Barrie made his will on 24 Nov., 1614, and willed the property to Marie Barrie, then his wife, and after her death to John Barrie, the son and heir of the said Leonard, and to Elisabeth the wife of John, and their joint issue. Leonard Barrie died on 20 Jan., 1614, at Stoke Goldinge. John Barrie, gent., is his son and heir, and aged 26 years and more. Inquisition p.m. Basil Trymnell, Series ii, File 389/115. Taken at Hinckley on 26 Sept., 19 James I, 1621. The Jury say that Basil was seised long before his death in his demesne as of fee of a capital messuage in Stoke Golding, and divers separate rents attaining to the sum of 2s. 3d. and a Ib. of pepper issuing out of lands of Oliver Hynman, Edward Ford, William Smyth and John Everard in Stoke Golding; and also of 5 virgate^ of land, meadow and pasture in Stoke Golding in the occupation of the said Basil, parcel of certain lands there called " Turvile's lands " and formerly parcel of the manor of Stoke Golding called " Turvile's manor," and the residue parcel of certain lands com­ monly called " Harrington's lands," formerly parcel of the manor of Stoke Golding called " Harrington's manor." On 8 February last, Basil Trymmell made his will, and willed that Lucy, then his wife and now his relict, should enjoy the property in Stoke Golding for her life, and then it should remain to William Trymmell, his eldest son, and his issue males. Basil Trymmell was also seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage and half virgate of land, meadow and pasture in Hynck- ley, purchased from Samuel Messenger, of Hynckley, yeoman; and of another messuage in Hynckley purchased from Edward Wight- man, late of Hynckley, gent., and Alice, his wife; and a close of pasture formerly part of the demesne land of the manor of Hynck­ ley, in a place called " the Typpyng Stockinge " purchased from Thomas Sansonm, Thomas Smyth, Ralph Robinson and Thomas Wightman, lords of the manor of Hynckley. By indenture dated 2 March, 18 James I (1621), Basil Trymmell settled the Hynckley property to certain trustees, viz., Humphrey Coles of the Middle Temple, London, Laurence Makepeace, of the Inner Temple, London, gent., Richard Blason, of London, gent., Henry Tadlowe of the city of , gent., and Joseph Craddoke, of Husbands Boseworth, gent., in order to raise £300 for George Trymmell, the younger son of the said Basil, at 22 years of age, and if the said George should die before he attains the age of 22, then the aforesaid sum of money shall be equally divided between the daughters of the said Basil. Basil Trymmell died on 12 March last. William Trymmell is his son and heir and aged 15 years. The capital messuage in Stoke Golding was held of John Dray- cott, esq., as of his manor of Upton, by fealty only, in free and common socage, and worth 40 shillings. Turvile's lands were held of the king, as of his honor of Leicester, parcel of the duchy of Lancaster, by knight service, namely, by a hundredth part of a knight's fee and worth 20 shillings. The premises in Hynckley were held of the king, as of his honor of Tutbury, in free and common socage, and worth 10 shillings. 224 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Fine, Easter, 1 Charles I, 1625. Between Brian Ball, plaintiff, and Ralph Wightman and Katherine his wife, defendants of 17 acres of pasture in Stoke Golding. The plaintiff gave the defendants £41 for a quitclaim of the land. Inquisition p.m. Thomas Johnson, of Heigham, yeoman, Series ii, File 674/73. Taken at Hinckley on 8 Oct., 1 Charles I, 1625. The jury say that Thomas died seised in his demesne as of fee of 38 acres of land and' pasture in Stoke Goldinge, of which 32 acres were held of John Dracott, esquire, as of his manor of Upton, by fealty and suit of court. Thomas Johnson died at Heigham on 29 Jan., 21 James I, 1624. William Johnson is his son and heir, and aged 32 years and more.

Inquisition p.m. Edward Brokesby, Series ii, File 709/182. Taken at Leicester on 16 Sept., 4 Charles I, 1628. The jury say that Edward died seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage, 2 cottages, and 120 acres of land, meadow and pasture in Stoke Golding, of the value of 20s. held of the king, as of the honor of Hinckley, parcel of the duchy of Lancaster, in free and common socage, by fealty, suit of court and a yearly rent of 12d. for all service. Edward Brokesby died on 23 December last. Francis Brokesby is his son and heir, and aged 46 at his father's death. Inquisition p.m. Thomas Crooks, Series ii, File 709/184. Taken at Hinckley on 24 Sept., 4 Charles I, 1628. The jury say that Thomas died seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage and 40 acres of land, meadow and pasture in Stoke Golding, worth 6s. 8d.; and held of William Wollaston, as of his manor of Upton, formerly Dracott's manor, in free and common socage, by fealty and a yearly rent of 9d. and suit of court. Thomas Crooks died on 31 March, 3 Charles I, 1627. William Crooks is his son and next heir, and aged 23 years and more Inquisition p.m. George Doewell, Series ii, File 495/87. Taken at Leicester on 26'September, 9 Charles I, 1633. The jury say that long before his death George Doewell was seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage and 27 acres of meadow in Stoke Golding. On 23 March, 1633, he made his will and willed to Joan, then his wife, one moiety of the above, and the other moiety to his brother, Thomas Doewell, for his life, the reversion to Elisabeth Doewell, the daughter of Daniel Doewell, of Stoke Golding, another brother of the said George, and the heirs of the said Elisabeth. George Doewell died at Stoke Golding on 25 March, 8 Charles I, 1633. Thomas Doewell is his brother and next heir and aged 40 and more. STOKE GOLDING 225

Inquisition p.m. Francis Brokesby, Series ii, File 504/62. Taken at Leicester on 2 April, 10 Charles I, 1634. The jury say that a certain Edward Brokesby, the father of the said Francis, by his charter dated 26 Sept., 8 James I, 1610, in con­ sideration of a marriage between the said Francis and a certain Elisabeth Wright, settled part of his property to certain trustees for uses, viz., to his own use for his life, then as to half to the use of Alice, then his wife, for life, and then to Francis and Elisabeth, and as to the other half to the use of Francis for his life, and then to his issue, and in default of such issue, to the use of George Brokesby, his second son, and his issue, in default to the use of Edward, his third son, and his issue. Francis Brokesby married Elisabeth Wright on 5 Oct., 8 James I, at Stoke Golding. Francis Brokesby died on 5 Dec. last at Stoke Golding. Obediah Brokesby is his son and heir, and aged 19 years, 10 months. The messuage, 2 cottages and part of the land were held of Ralph Robinson and Thomas Wightman, as of their manor of Hinckley, by fealty, suit of court of the manor of Hinckley, and worth £4.

Inquisition p.m. William Bradford, Series ii, File 504/52. Taken at Leicester on 16 September, 10 Charles I, 1634. The jury say that long before the death of William, a certain John Bradford, the father of the said William, was seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage and 5 closes of pasture abutting on the common street of Stoke Golding towards the west called " Green lane close, le Slade close, Ryland's close, Catthorne close and le Gulden close," held of the king, as of his honor of Leicester, parcel of the duchy of Lancaster, by knight service, and worth 5s., and they were called " Turvile's lands "; and a moiety of 2 closes in S'toke Golding, of which the other moiety belongs to Edward Brokesby, held of William Wollaston, as of his manor of Upton, in free and common socage, by fealty and suit of court, and worth 4 marks. On 4 May, 18 James I, 1620, in consideration of a marriage between William, the son and heir apparent of the said John Brad­ ford; and Elisabeth Cart, the daughter of William Cart, the elder, of Stoke Golding, John Bradford enfeoffed certain persons as trustees for uses, etc. William Bradford died at Stoke Golding on 22 March, 1633. Elisabeth his wife, survives. William Bradford, the younger, is his son and heir, and aged 6 years. Inquisition p.m. William Bradgate, yeoman, Series ii, File 562/71. Taken at Leicester on 16 May, 14 Charles I, 1638. The jury say that William was seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage with appurtenances in Stoke Golding and of a close to the same messuage adjoining called " Flaxleys " containing 1£ acres; and of another close in Stoke Golding called " Beane hill " containing 24 acres; and of another close in Stoke Golding called " Oldene " containing 5 acres. 226 LEICESTERSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

William Bradgate died on 13 March last at Stoke Golding. Obediah Bradgate is his son and next heir and aged 15 years. Oldene was held of the king as of his honor of Leicester, parcel of the duchy of Lancaster, by knight service, and worth 2 shillings. The messuage and other premises were held of the manor of Hinckley by fealty and suit of court, and worth 10 shillings.

Inquisition p.m. Thomas Hindman, Series ii, File 474/73. Taken at Leicester on 30 September, 16 Charles I, 1640. The jury say that Thomas Hindman and Joan his wife were seised in their demesne as of fee for themselves and the heirs of Thomas, of the gift of a certain Oliver Hindman, the father of the said Thomas, now deceased, of a capital messuage and 2 virgates of land, meadow and pasture in Stoke Golding, containing 76 acres of land; of which 10 acres were called " Turyill's land " and for­ merly were parcel of the manor of Stoke Golding called " Turvill's manor," and 30 of the other acres were called " Harrington's land." The capital messuage and part of the land were held of Basil Trim- nill, gent., as of his manor of Stoke Golding, by fealty, suit of court of the manor and a yearly rent of 2s. and worth 10s. John Hindman is his son and heir and aged 7 years and 14 weeks. Thomas Hindman died at Stoke Golding on 26 July, 1618. Joan survives at Stoke Golding.

Inquisition p.m. Bryan Ball, Series ii, File 703/75. Taken at Leicester on 6 October, 16 Charles I, 1640. The jury say that long before the death of the said Bryan Ball, a certain John Pywall was seised in his demesne as of fee of a messuage formerly in the tenure of one Ralph Porter and a close of pasture in Stoke Golding used with the said messuage, and of a cottage and of another close of pasture in Stoke Golding in the tenure of William Watson, and of all those closes of pasture and meadow in Stoke Golding lately called " Wyndmyll field " and of a windmill in Stoke Golding. And John Pywall, so seised, a fine was levied on the quindene of St. Martin, 20 James I, 1622, between Bryan Ball, plaintiff, and the said John Pywall and Frances his wife and William Pywall, defendants of the aforesaid premises; which fine was levied to the use of the said Bryan Ball and Elisabeth his wife and the heirs of Bryan for ever. And the said Bryan, long before his death, was seised in his demesne as of fee of a close of pasture called " Twelve Acres " in Stoke Golding, late the land of Ralph Wightman, and of another close of pasture in Stoke Golding called " Crabtree close " con­ taining 1J acres, late the land of the said Ralph Wightman, and of another close of 2 acres in Stoke Golding, late the land of the said Ralph and now in the occupation of William Hobson, and of another close of pasture in Stoke Golding called " le Two Leys " containing one acre, late the land of the said Ralph Wightman, and of a messuage in Coventry in a street there called " Little park street." Bryan Ball enfeoffed certain persons as trustees for uses by a deed dated 24 October, 5 Charles I, 1629, to hold the above STOKE GOLDING 227

property to the use of the said Bryah for life and then to Elisabeth, his wife, for her life. Bryan Ball died on 10 March last at Coventry. Bryan Ball is his son and heir and aged 24 years and mort. Crabtree close was held of the king, as of the honor of Leicester, by knight service, viz., by a two hundredth part of a knight's fee, and worth: 6d. The other lands were held of William Wollaston, esquire, as of his manor of Upton, in free and common socage, by fealty and suit of court, and worth 13s.

Deed at Quorn House, 1641. Indenture made on 21 August, 17 Charles I, between William Trymnell, of S'toke Golding, co. Leicester, gent., of one part; and John Bale, of Carlton Curlieue, co. Leicester, esquire, William Roberts, the younger, of Sutton Cheyney, co. Leicester, gent., and George Goodman, of Crofte, co. Leicester, clerk, of the other part, witnesses that the said William Trymnell, in consideration of a marriage shortly to be had between him, the said William, and Joan Goodman, the daughter of Thomas Goodman, of Fpxton, yeoman, and in consideration of the sum of £600 paid to William Trymnell by the said Thomas Goodman for the marriage portion of the said Joan, and for making a joynture for Joan if she happen to survive William Trymnell, he (William) has granted to John Bale and the - others, as trustees, All that the manor of Stoke Golding with its rights and members, and all that capital messuage or manor house situate in Stoke Golding, now or late in the occupation of Edward Bray, gent., and Lucy, his wife, and a close of pasture commonly called " the Little park," and a close called " the Hampcott," and another close of pasture adjoining the Great park and a hedge called " Thornetayle hedge," and 2 other closes or pasture grounds called " Owpolls " adjoining to the fields of Dadlmgton and Bar- well, another close of pasture in a place called " Oldenor Woulden," and those closes called Maggetts or Madgets, and a meadow called " Great Meadowe," which said last mentioned closes contain 44 acres, in the tenure of Christopher Hooke, John Martin and William Crooke. N.B.—Edward Bray's wife Lucy was mother of William Trvmnell.

Lay Subsidy 251-9, 18 Charles II, 1666. Hearth Tax. Mrs. Abigail Duell 2 hearths. Mr. John Wyatt, sen. 5 hearths William Watson 2 Thomas Daniell 3 Richard Greene 2 William Porter 1 Thomas Crooke 1 Will. Hilton, sen. 1 Michael Cowdale 0 William Pegg 2 Will. Bradford 3 Mr. Henry Firebras 6 Mrs. Hinman 5 Mr. Obadiah Brooksby 5 John Smith 1 Richard Hilton 1 Thomas Wyatt 10 Will. Hilton, jun. 1 John Marlin 1 William Hooke 2 William Crooke 2 Robert Roulston 3 William Nutt 3 Thomas Crooke 2 William Ball 1 Thomas Daffarne 1 Mrs. Sibley 4 CHURCH OF STOKE (

LOWER PACT OF TOWER c I3O

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SJTH WALL. ( fNTERJOC )

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SECTION ALBERT HERBERT