)JFK ASSASSINATION INFORMATION CENTER 110 Market Street DATELINE: Dallas, Texas 75202

214-1353-0457

VOLUME 2: NUMBERS 1 & 2 THE TRUTH SHALL PREVAIL SPRING/SUMMER 1993

CONNALLY TAKES SECRET OF JFK BULLET TO GRAVE

By Maurice Weaver in Washington

The former Texas Governor, John Con- nally, was buried in the state capital Austin yesterday, taking to the grave fragments of a bullet which researchers believe could hold vital clues to the 1963 assassination of Presi- dent Kennedy. Mr. Connally, who died June 15, 1993, at age 76, was m the open-top limousine with HI( and Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy when the shooting took place and was the only other person wounded , Kenneth Porter, Marina Oswald-Porter, Larry Howard After an approach horn historical re- searchers the Department of Justice and the at the Canadian Symposium on JFK Related Story on Page 17 FBI tried throughout yesterday to contact the family to seek permission to remove the 30-year old sliver of metal which doctors at THE BROKAW INTERVIEW the time left in Mr. Connally's wrist and thigh. What Really Happened? They were tmsuer-essful. Last night a By Larry Howard spokesman for the Justice Department said "Governor Connally has been buried, but that On Monday night, August 23, 1993. allowed to show the documents pertain- may not be the end of the matter. Obviously after arriving at the DPW airport from ing to the and two pictures it would be possible to exhume the body if the family can be persuaded at a later date Canada, T received a call from the NBC pertaining to the coverup. Al that point that the fragments of bullet are important NOW show with Tom Brokaw. They they could interview Marina with ques- evidence. invited Marina Oswald Porter and I to tions she and I would be able to go over fly to New York and be on the NBC before the show. We were told that this Combated Page NOW show on Wednesday night After was approved by NBC, New York. talking to Marina and her husband, Ken I explained to Marina and Ken Porter, we decided not to go. On Tues- about the format and had Mr. Blue tell SPECIAL day morning, James Blue, a young man them that NBC had guaranteed it I Dr. Charles Crenshaw from NBC, showed up at the Center wanted to appear first so they could not Page 7 begging Marina and I to do the show. have a chance to cut me of without my Mr. Blue promised they would give us being able to state our case and show any format we wanted and told us they our documentation. INSIDE Capital Hill 5 could not edit it because it would be live. The five items I wanted to show Dr. Robot Shaw 13 All they wanted to do was ask me ques- were first; the Katzenbach metro of No- Canadian Symposium 17 tions about the new documents being re- vember 25, 1963 staling that we had to JFK Exhumation 28 leased and ask Marina why she thought find guilty as the How Mealy Bullets? 32 Marguerite Oswald 34 Lee was guilty in 1963 and why she lone assassin and show that had he gone Midwest symposium 36 thinks he is innocent in 1993. I told Mr. to trial, he would have been found Student Essay 39 Blue that I would agree if I was inter- guilty, and secondly: ... Where Were You? 42 Archive Jive 43 viewed first. 1 also asked that I be Continued an page 3... Book Revions 46 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 2

PERSONAL FROM PUBLISHED BY THE WELCOME NEW Larry Howard HIE ASSASSINATION MEMBERS INFORMATION CENTER Our apologies for another delayed PUBLISHER issue! We have combined the Spring LARRY HOWARD DAVID STERN CALIFORNIA and Summer issues and have immedi- F'RESIDENTPDIRECTOR BART L BRYSON IDAHO FRED CHEZENKO CANADA ately started on the Fall issue. Thank EDITOR HURST FRET GERMANY you for your patience. ROBERT T. JOHNSON ELKE FREI GERMANY DIRECTOR OF ARCHIVES. RESEARCH JIM ROSS ARKANSAS TINA ROSS ARKANSAS The JFK-AIC stands in the midst of MIKE BLACKWELL TEXAS change at this present time. First of ASSOCIATE EDITOR BOB KIRBY WASHINGTON the 30th anniversary of the assassination JOHN NAGEL RALPH D. THOMAS TEXAS is fast approaching and our phone is DIRECTOR OF CATALOG SALES MARK H. ROWE CALIFORNIA HARRY WAGNER CALIFORNIA ringing off the wall with requests for in- ASST. DIRECTOR OF ARCHIVES WEBERMAN NEW YORK formation and the Center is often crawl- KELLY HATCHER DAN SARVER KANSAS ing with camera men. Secondly, I have KEITH JOHNSTON INDIANA WILLIAM C. BECK MARYLAND been engaged with several researchers ASSISTANT EDITOR DOUG JOHNSON TEXAS and investigators pursuing new exciting DORI PAGE GAYDLEN SOLTHWORTI1 MINNESOTA developments. And finally, thanks to ROBERT C. SUMMER ALABAMA KATHRYN ADOLPHSEN WASHINGTON the benevolence of Robert Cutler, the ASSOCIATE EDITOR PATRICK 1. MCMULLEN TEXAS Center will be moving into better COKE BUCHANAN GEORGE E. CYDONNELL NEW JERSEY facilities. DENNIS MCCARTHY NEW YORK ARCHIVIST NOBUKI YOSHIYAMA JAPAN GERALD BLOW PAULA KIRKENDALL We hope to open our new center in CURTIS ELLIS CALIFORNIA mid-October with an official dedication BUSINESS CONSULTANT on November 22, 1993 at the end of the TOMMY H. BOWDEN ASK Symposium. The location of our new center will be across from the JFK RESEARCH ASSOCIATES SUBSCRIPTIONS Memorial on Market Street; the ad- JAY' DAVIS, FRANK DeBENEDICITS, KEN- NETH FORMET, MIla FREEMAN, dress will be: 110 South Market Street, IAN L. GRIGGS. RICK NELSON, ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION TO Dallas, Texas 75202. In between the MARK OAKT.S. TOM OST, DATELINE: DALLAS closing of our present exhibit at the CLAUDE a SL.ATON. BILL TUTTLE, $24.00 West End Marketplace and the opening HARRY YARDLJM $26.00 OVERSEAS PLEASE FORWARD CHECK of our new facility in the Katy Building DATELINE: DALLAS wishes to thank the OR MONEY ORDER TO: your mail orders as well as inquiries will following: be handled to the best of our staffs abili- ATTN: ROBERT JOHNSON BELITA NELSON.. WALLACE MILAM, ties. We ask for your patience, support, 110 SOUTH MARKET STREET HAL VERB, DAVID STERN, 1. GARY SHAW. and.. any contributions. DALLAS, TEXAS LARRY R. HARRIS, DAVID R. WRONE, 75202 GEORGE MICHEAL EV1CA, 1 W. HUGHT.S, RI- Thank you! CHARD TRASK, ROBERT CAMPBE.I-L. NI- CHOLAS KIMBELL, JOHN JUDGE, WILLIAM KELLY, MARKZAID, RON LEWIS. THE JFK—AIC WOULD LIKE TO AC- LESSIE COIDMA, MICHELLE ALLEN. KNOWLEDGE THE PASSING OF LONG TONY FREWIN., MARY FERILKLL, DAVID LIMON, HARRY R. LIVINGSTONE, TIME RESEARCHER AND MEMBER DALLAS MORNING NEWS, DALLAS PUBLIC LIBRARY, DALLAS MUNICIPAL ARCHIVES, CHESTER McVEIGH FORT WORTH STAR TELEGRAM The anticipated article INVITATION IMAIC WELL: CAMS MATIDUAL SUIDDITED PIM PUBLI- about the Three Tramps and the CATION CONSIDEFLATION. MATEREAL NOT IMMEDIATELY PIALISHED WILL REMAIN IN OUR. ALACHIVIL FILES A240 A SPECIAL THANKS TO .38 hand gun found near the OPEN TOTHE PUBLIC FOR VIEWING OR FORM IRS3LICA- railyard will appear in the next now, UNLESS OTHERWISE. SPECIFIED AND ACCOMPA• LOUISE ANGOVE (L.A.) JONES VIED MTH A REFURN ADDRESS STAMPED ENVELOPE. issue; pending additional SEND YOUR ARTICLE TO FLOREKTT JOHNSON MIDLOTHIAN. TEXAS informatiOIL

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JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 3

Brokaw Continua.. The beginning promo for the show announced that the "wife of Lee Harvey Following is an oracle from the Satur- the Allen Dulles statement that it Oswald" would be featured. When I day, August 28, 1993 edition of the Dal- wouldn't matter what they wrote in the heardahe promo, I immediately remem- las Morning News. It should be known because the Ameri- bered Ken Porter's statement to me that that the Dallas Morning News has never can people didn't read it anyway. I also if that happened, do not do the inter- supported the JFK-AIC. wanted to show the FBI document stat- view. Brokaw began the interview with ing that the FBl had their own news Marina which was totally opposite of the NBC's NOW ADDS TO ITS sources to counter any story that wasn't agreed format, not asking questions but EMBARRASSMENT: the lone nut story. I wanted to show the basically attacking her with statements Life Magazine story in which the editor, from the Posner book. When Tom "NOW" AND THEN: who had seen the Zapruder film. stated asked Marina if she loved Lee, which that Kennedy got shot in the throat was not pertinent to the case, 1 decided NBC's second edition of its NOW when he turned to wave to someone in to stop the interview. I was determined newsmagazine had a magic moment of the school book depository. The last to stop the interview. I told Tom he did sorts Wednesday, when Larry Howard of item I wanted to show was a Time not know the facts in the case and I re- the Dallas-based Assassination Informa- Magazine article dated November 1963 fused to continue to interview until he tion Center stiffed co-anchor Tom Bro- which stated that the witnesses said they got his facts straight. At this point I kaw in the middle of a live interview. heard shots from the Grassy Knoll. So leaned over and told Marina to leave. Mr. Howard objected to the ques- the magazine moved the Grassy Knoll Then I proceeded to leave and I stood up tioning of Lee Harvey Oswald's widow, 120 east. next to the School Book De- and removed the ear piece and mike. Marina Porter. who sat beside him at the pository. They told us we would have Marina chose to stay and I'm glad she center. Mr. Brokaw repeatedly had re- only ten minutes for the entire interview did. After being around her for the last ferred to Case Closed, a new book that and that only three minutes of that time 6 or 7 years, I knew Marina could han- says Mr. Oswald acted alone in assassi- would be spent interviewing me. dle herself. She did, wonderfully. I am nating John F. Kennedy on November They had us sit in our chairs about very proud of her performance and very 22. 1963, in Dallas. 5 minutes before air time and I asked glad she was able to say what she had to "When you get your facts straight, them how we were going to bring up the then I think you ought to do the inter- documentation on the screen and they Under normal circumstances. I view," Mr. Howard told the veteran told me I would have to cue them up would have stayed and tried to argue our NBC newsman. "Until you get them when I wanted the documents shown. I side of the case with Brokaw. As I look straight, I don't think we ought to sit would then have to read them from the back, I think now that it was best to here and listen to you." small TV monitor. I put my glasses on walk off because Brokaw and I would With that, he removed his earpiece so I could read the monitor. The next have ended up arguing about the format and walked off. Ms. Porter remained, thing that I hear is you cannot use your of the show and the way that he was but not to appease Mr. Brokaw. glasses because of the glare. I told the handling the questioning of Marina. (I "Forget about this book. It's like production crew that I could not see the had warned Brokaw that I would walk wallpaper in a room full of termites," monitor without my glasses. So I was of the show if he did not follow the she told him told to simply "talk about" the docu- agreed upon format.) If we do not stand "Have you read it?" Mr. Brokaw ments. Since I would be first 1 said that up for our rights, we will have no rights countered. would be fine because I know what the and we will cease to exist. "No," she said, "but I've seen some documents say_ Two other items on the pieces of it. It's ridiculous." agreement slated that Marina had to be I would like to thank the many peo- introduced as Mrs. Kenneth Porter. It ple who have phoned me and written letters to the Center supporting our posi- was also agreed that the new book Case Of those to whom much is given, tion. We appreciate your support. To Closed would not be mentioned since much is required neither of us had read the book. I told any of the researchers, who like typical arm chair quarterbacks, are second the producers that if they did not follow The Prudent heir takes a careful guessing my response, until you have the formal we had agreed on, that we inventory of his legacies and gives would walk out. been in this situation and have walked in my shoes, don't be too quick to judge a faithful accounting to those he me owes an obligation of trust. JFK January 1961 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 4

LETTERS OF CONNALLY Continued.. , SUPPORT WOUNDED IN They were unsuccessful. Last night a spokesman for the Justice Department KENNEDY KILLING, Following is a letter written to NBC and said: "Governor Connally has been bu- to JFKAIC from people who viewed the DIES AT 76 ried, but that may not be the end of the program and are in support of Larry matter. Obviously it would be possible Howard's actions. By Hugh Davies in New York to exhume the body if the family can be persuaded at a later date that the frag- One of America's most colorful NBC ments of bullet are important evidence. 30 Rockefeller Plaza politicians, the bluff wise-cracking for- The former Governor was buried af- New York, New York 10020 mer Texas governor John Connally, who ter lying in state at the Texas House of was seriously wounded in the car in Representatives. Mourners included ex- Dear Sir or Madam: which President Kennedy was assassi- President and President nated in Dallas, died June 15, 1993. He Johnson's widow, Lady Bird. The bullet We normally enjoy the program- was 76. which hit the Governor - dubbed the ming on your network, however, we The bullet that struck him on Nov. "magic bullet" because of its erratic path were turned off by the performance of 22, 1963, passed through his body, leav- - is believed to have been the second of Tom Brokaw on the August 25th edition ing him scarred in the back, chest, wrist, three fired by Lee Harvey Oswald and is of the show "NOW". Mr. Brokaw acted and thigh. kept in the national archives. in a most unprofessional way during this He recalled that "really the first sus- It hit the President in the back and interview with Marina Oswald Porter tained consciousness I had" was watch- exited through his throat before entering and Larry Howard. An interviewer ing the dead leader's body being carried Governor Connally's right armpit, should allow his or her guests to tell to Arlington National Cemetery. Re- emerging through his right chest and their story. Mr. Brokaw seemed to bad- flecting on the shooting 20 years later, going on to smash his right wrist before ger both guests. It also seemed that Mr. he said: "It made you realize in a fleet- entering his left thigh. It was Later Brokaw went into the interview with his ing second you could be gone, so you found on his stretcher in hospital. own set views on the assassination of really don't have any time to waste, to But researchers think the slivers President Kennedy, and was unwilling fritter away on petty things or which remained in his body could be- to hear of accept other versions or expla- frivolities." long to another bullet fired within a split nations of what may or may not have Connally was state governor from second. Oswald's cheap, bolt-action happened. We don't blame Mr. Howard 1963 to 1968. In 1961 he served for a rifle could not have fired both, it is for walking off the set, in fact, we would few months as Kennedy's secretary of argued. have walked off as well if we were the navy, but left to run for governor. Mr. Connally believed he was the treated in such a manner. After joining the Republican Party, he prime target because, as Navy Secretary, went back to Washington as President he had rejected a request from Oswald to Nixon's treasury secretary. His 1974 in- JFK-A1C have his undesirable discharge from the dictment by a Watergate grand jury cost Dallas, Texas 75202 Marines upgraded. him his political clout, even though he Dear Larry Howard; was acquitted of accepting a SI0,000 Reprint from London Daily Telegram Just a short note to say we support bribe from milk producers to persuade your actions on the August 25th edition President Nixon to raise price supports. of the NBC show „NOW". We would He ran for president in 1980, but have walked off the set as well if we was trounced by Ronald Reagan in the were treated in such a manner. We are Prepare your mind South Carolina primary. In 1987 he became a spectacular attaching a copy of a letter of complaint and heart for the task mailed to NBC. bankrupt with debts of 593.3 million. Thanks for coming to Sudbury. we ahead, call forth your He and his wife Nellie auctioned most of hope to see you again sometime. strength, and let each de- their belongings with sharp good humor. Sincerely, vote his energies to the Reprint from Dallas Morning News Rick Pusiak betterment of all... Corrine Farndale JFK 1961

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legislation that nominations are not lim- VIEW FROM ited to those from the listed professional CAPITAL HILL agencies. The earlier nominations have been resubmitted by the professional groups and arc being considered cur- By John Judge & Bill Kelly rently for possible appointments. COA announced at the Midwest Symposium Why Is There No JFK Assassina- on Assassination Politics in Chicago tion Materials Review Board? that nominations for researchers and comments should be directed to: The JFK Assassinations Materials Act of 1993 established a Review Board. Mr. Tom Shea to be chosen by the President. for the Office of President's Personnel purpose of making decisions about as- Old Executive Office Building sassination related materials that gov- Washington, DC 20500 ernment agencies did NOT want to While we lobbied. President Bush (202) 456-2825 release to the public. Nominations for left office and President Clinton was the board were to come from prestigious sworn in. January 27 came and Went. In addition, letters can be sent to associations of historians. archivists and no Review Board was appointed. Calls President Clinton and Vice President legal scholars. assuring pubic recogni- to the White House and the Archives Gore explaining the importance of ap- The deadline for tion and trust. yield little result. Congressional over- pointing independent researchers. The appointment of the five member board sight of the process has fallen into a rationale for appointing researchers was January 27. 1993, or 90 days after wait-and-see posture. The incoming seems obvious to us, both in terms of the act was signed into law by then White House staff was unsure which getting documents released and building But as of today, President George Busk section was to handle this area. and no public trust in the process. Certain re- no board has vet been chosen. one seemed to know who had been searchers have already been nominated. nominated or when the decisions would The final appointments have yet to be The professional bodies did their be made. announced. though we are told weekly part on schedule. nominating several Then. we learned the truth. Presi- that the' are imminent. members for consideration, and sending dent Clinton had failed to meet the Also, the Archives and the federal their choices to the White House last deadline because no one could locate the agencies are misreading the intent of the year. The Committee for an Open Ar- earlier nominations. Apparently, they legislation, and do not expect any new chives. along with diligent researchers were taken out of the White House as materials to be made available to the Mark Zaid. and Kenn Thomas, learned part of George Bush's Presidential Pa- public until sometime this August. Con- that many of those nominated were "im- pers. and secured. An ongoing legal gress clearly had expected unchallenged partial" concerning release of the files. battle is being waged to make sure those materials to be released to the Archive and that their primary qualification was papers and computer files will not suffer immediately, and gave a maximum having handled "classification" issues in the fate of the hidden records we seek. deadline of 300 days for ALL materials the past. In other words, they already Scott Armstrong of the National Securi- to be researched and delivered. So far had security clearances. and were com- ty Archive project went into federal only the previously released Warren fortable with the rationale of selective court to force their release, and Bush Commission files, and the CIA "pre- secrecy that pervades our national secu- cynically manipulated the situation by assassination file" on Oswald are avail- rity,' state. putting his materials into a politically able. Until recently, inquiries to the Ar- Other names were proposed to these charged situation at the National Ar- chive have been routinely routed to a associations without result. among them chives. These records were protected by staffer who has been consistently hostile researcher Mary Ferrell and archivist the Archive director, who then left that to those seeking full release, We are Gordon Winslow. COA has taken the position to work at the Bush President glad to hear this employee has left the position from the start that the Review Library. The effect was that President Archive. and anticipate more coopera- Board should be made up of members of Clinton's staff had no access to the tion in the future the assassination research community, nomination letters. COA met. purely by change. the in- whose only agenda would be the "pre- In the meantime. there is much to dividual assigned to search the records sumption of release" called for in the do. Congressional staff at the oversight at the CIA relating to the Kennedy as- law_ We still hold that position, and feel House Committee on Government Op- sassination. He confirmed our opinion that there is no need to appoint "disinte- erations, and White House personnel that this will be the last time such files rested professionals." have confirmed COA's reading of the JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 6 are searched, and that what we fail to Decade"), Jim DiEugenio (author of ask for will not likely to be given. Oper- Destiny Betrayed), Mark laid HSCA FILES ating solely from the suggested topics (researcher and attorney), and myself compiled at the Archives, the federal were chosen to work on the campaign. NOW ON CD-ROM agencies are likely to miss may "related Most of us met recently in New York materials" that researchers know are im- and called for the formation of a group, portant. We understand that the CIA tentatively called Task Force on Assas- L.P.M. Systems is proud to an- materials, when released, will be copied sinations. to push for reopening John nounce the completion of the CD- for the Assassination Archives Research and Robert Kennedy's cases, as well as ROM version of the House Select Center, and hopefully computerized. Martin Luther King's. Our joint exper- Committee Investigation of the Assas- It is essential for the research com- tise includes fundraising. grassroots or- sination of John F. Kennedy. munity to define the direction and scope ganizing, publicity, Congressional Utilizing the powerful Folio Info- of this effort to release the files, since contacts, archival and research work, base (c) database search and retrieval the bureaucracy of the current national computer and research skills, and famil- system designed by Folio Corporation. the HSCAJFK CD-ROM allows the security state is incapable of investigat- iarity with the research community and ing itself thoroughly. COA has mailed the questions that surround these assas- user to easily isolate information by out over 6.000 copies of our form, sinations. We have been joined in our any word or group of words instantly. The CD-ROM includes a viewer "Where Do You Look When You effort by others from the west coast and Haven't Got A Clue?" which seeks the midwest, and the group plans to in- capability that allows the user to look at any of the many Exhibits from the names, organizations and other impor- corporate soon. original government documents. The tant leads that government agencies need to include in their searches. We John Judge user may also use the Quick Search have gotten nearly 100 replies to date, Index which may be the most attrac- and hope to compile a book soon with This is a regular column provided by: tive feature of this product. The entire an indexed list for use by the new Re- fiSCAJFIC Index is "hot-keyed" to al- view Board. Congress and the agencies. Committee for an Open Archives low for keystroke access to any topic or segment listed. The package en- If you haven't gotten the firm. please P.O. Box 6008 write us for a copy and send them in Washington, D.C. 20005 ables the user to print any page or pages and comes complete with print- soon. (202) 310-1858 Participants at the Midwest Sympo- er drivers for more than 50 common printers. The CD may be used by any- sium on Assassination Politics, repre- one who has a minimum of 286SX senting a wide range of opinion in the research community. resisted efforts at PC compatible with a VGA video cooperation by the Lyndon LaRouche card and standard 15009660 CD- organization. Instead we democratically JFK PANEL NAMED ROM Drive. The software may be ei- WASHINGTON ther keyboard or mouse driven. 2meg appointed independent researchers to 9-4-93 or more of RAM is recommended. consolidate efforts of the various groups working on assassinations to make this a ( I meg min.) President Clinton named four L.P.M. Systems is enthusiastic current issue and force the reopening of members of a commission to re- the investigations. Suggestions for how• about this product both for the ease of view documents related to the use as well as the dynamic research to solve the case ranged from further 1963 assassination of John Ken- Congressional hearings or Presidential capability it offers. The list prive on nedy still being withheld by the package is 5250.00 and is current- panels, to special prosecutors or an in- government agencies. ternational Truth Commission, similar ly available for shipping through the JFK Center. to the United Nations study done on Named to the panel Were government murders in El Salvador. If you need any more informa- Princeton University librarian tion, or if you are interested in a demo William Joyce, University of Carl Oglesby (former director of the floppy of this product, please do not Tulsa Dean Kermit Hall, hesitates to write or call the JFK-AIC assassination Information Bureau). Jim American University professor Lesar (of the Assassination Archives at 110 S. Market Street, Dallas, Texas Anna Kasten Nelson, and Min- 75202 and/or call 214-653-0457 to and Research Committee), Robert John- nesota chief deputy Attorney. son (of the Dallas MC), Dick Russell place your order. General John Tunheirn. (author of The Man Who Knew Too Much), Jerry Rose (editor of "The Third JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 7

I THE DR. IS STILL IN we were able to get the Boren-Stokes resolution passed by Congress and By Jane Holleman signed by President Bush. Now a panel of five honest and thorough people will {THE FOLLOWING IS A RE- be able to see any files pertaining to PRINT OF AN ARTICLE FROM THE Kennedy-even the secret files-and we'll APRIL 26, 1993 ISSUE OF THE FORT get the knowledge that was hidden." WORTH-STAR TELEGRAM WITH Once he joined the teaching staff at KIND PERMISSION OF THE IPS. Crenshaw took care of other cele- AUTHOR) brated patients. "I was on call the night Priscilla Charles Crenshaw prides himself Davis was shot in 1976," Crenshaw re- on having made the county hospital called, "She was hit in the abdomen. not what is today. the chest like all the reports say. and the bullet went through her liver. When Charles A. Crenshaw, M.D., "The wildest thing was, they kept arrived on a summer morning in 1966 wanting me to get a deathbed statement as the first chief of surgery at John Peter from her," Crenshaw• said. "But I never Smith Hospital. the place had no air ask any patient. 'Who shot you? because conditioning. only two operating rooms Mr. & Mrs. Charles Crenshaw if I did, I'd be testifying forever. And and three floors, and its patients were anyway, Priscilla was never critical. went public last year with his account cared for by local doctors who volun- Her troubles would have come later with alleging a cover-up. teered their time. blood loss and infection. if she hadn't Young Crenshaw had a name tag. gotten good care immediately." The book, JFK:Conspiracy of Si- an office with a screen door and a dream [Editors' Note: The Priscilla Davis ence, hit The New York Time's of building JPS into a major medical bestseller case was a well-publicized attempted list the first week and was translated center. Today a year after retiring as homicide dealing with a very prominent into several languages. It also alienated surgery chief, 60-year-old Crenshaw still Texas millionaire] him from his peers. goes to his office at the hospital every "I have no earthly idea who shot day. Though his hands have been stilled Crenshaw also operated on former Kennedy" Crenshaw said, "I do know by a stroke he suffered two years ago. Texas Christian University coach Billy the wounds are different in the autopsy and his once relentless schedule has di- Tohill, who was severely injured in a pictures I saw in 1991 when I began to minished to avoid a second heart attack. one-car accident in the summer of 1973. write the book than the wounds I saw on Crenshaw is as always at JPS, a teacher "The damnedest thing I remember the president that day in the Parkland of new doctors. is I came into the trauma room and his emergency room. His career as a surgeon has been il- foot was completely backward," Cren- "1 think there's no question it had to lustrious and controversial. The self- shaw said. "We orthopedic people tried be a cover-up because of the changes in described "fat little brainy guy." who to straighten his foot and establish cir- the wounds he had in the emergency started college at 16 and entered medical culation. Progressively it became ob- room. The Warren Commission school before he could buy beer, grew was vious the vessel would not come duped." into a man who has been invited to unclotted, and they had to amputate be- The book is scheduled for re-release speak about surgical techniques low the knee." this year to coincide with the 30th anni- internationally. Crenshaw hired Lea Glanges. M.D versary of Kennedy's death. The controversial aspect began for as the first female staff surgeon at JPS in Even in light of the criticism he him in the emergency room at Parkland 1966, at a time when women in the took from colleagues who were lifelong Memorial Hospital in Dallas the day medical profession were not customary. friends. Crenshaw said he would write President John F. Kennedy was shot in He eschewed the notion back then that the book again and is, in fact, writing a 1963. Crenshaw was a surgery resident women couldn't or shouldn't be doctors. second book. attending the mortally wounded presi- "Medicine ►vas predominantly male. "All in all. I gained friends by writ- dent. After 29 years of keeping the story of course, in the 60's" he recalled. "At ing the book," he said. "I knew about of what he saw that day to himself, he that time, there were no female surgeons the edict of silence issued to all of us at Parkland, but I always thought that that day, and yes, 1 expected vilification professional women were more for finally telling the truth. But through our book and 's movie. JPK,

JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 8 outstanding than men because they had While IPS made abortions available Crenshaw's wife of 14 years. Susan. to be better to get where they were. to indigent women for several years after laughs when she discusses her husband's "Even then I didn't give a thought the Supreme Court ruling legalizing demanding and volatile nature. to her gender; I was impressed with her abortion in this country, few were done "In the O.R., he's used to saying qualifications. I guess my instincts were in the hospital after less expensive out- 'scalpel' and someone slips it into his good, because Lea is still here today as patient clinics began offering the ser- hand, just like that. He doesn't give or- chairman and director of surgery," he vice. Doctors at IPS quit doing any ders at home. He takes out the trash, said. elective abortions about five years ago. and he will admit when he's wrong. Crenshaw remembers a time when Abortions are currently available The problem is. he's never wrong." dying was moral question and not a le- through the hospital district only in Susan Crenshaw said her husband gal bull nettle. "In my early days, when documented cases of rape or incest or to is often disappointed because people someone was terminally ill, we hooked save the life of the mother. sometimes don't live up to his expecta- up an I.V. of dextrose water and Pheno- Today IPS has surgical suites and tions. "For so many years he made life- barbital, we worked it out with the fami- can handle almost 5.000 surgeries a and-death decisions; if he was wrong, ly and everyone said their goodbyes. It year. When Crenshaw began, the hospi- somebody died. Now it's hard for him to wasn't a litigious issue, and no one tal handled three or four operations a accept than he's not immortal. second-guessed the doctor's clinical day at most, he said. "He's a genius, but he has a dark opinion. Now you have to have four or He boasts of comparisons with side," she said. "He's demanding but if five brain tracings and legal documents Parkland Hospital in Dallas. "Parkland you're his friend, he's loyal to you for and get a permit to turn off the pipes." Hospital does 10,000 procedures a year. life. It's like being married to the most He once learned firsthand about We do half that with one-10th the staff, compassionate and the most exacting trusting a teaching doctor's judgment on I'm very proud of that. of what I was man." a patient who was near death. "There able to do to build this department. The doctor who is now a tall charm- was a beautiful young girl, and a neuro- "But I know nobody is indispen- er instead of a fat kid, reflected reluc- surgeon told me she was going to die. sable," he added. "When I'm gone. tantly on the price he paid for the But I wasn't going to let her die. I kept things will go on here very nicely." furious pace he lived. His health is not her alive in every form, even with the Others are proud of Crenshaw's good and his relationship with his son is artificial kidney," he said. "In the end. achievements, too, though they concede strained. the neuro was right; she died. that his ambitions and hard-boiled ge- "My career exacted a toll." he said. "This is why we should appreciate nius make him tough to please. Jens "I have no hobbies. I lived and breathed teaching hospitals like JPS. These doc- Hansen who collaborated with Cren- to make JPS a hospital of excellence. I tors out of medical school get such great shaw on the JFK. book, said Crenshaw would tell young doctors today to realize experience here, and there's no substi- will stop at nothing to succeed. they have families. For my son from my tute for the physician's clinical knowl- "He has always been most genuine first marriage, I was a spectator at Little edge. It's too bad that in my 30 years, and respectful to me, but I have an im- League. I have one or two close friends, medicine has evolved to today's maze of pression that in other parts of his life, if but mostly I'm a recluse. I read. I travel court orders." Chuck isn't happy, then nobody's going with Susan. And I realize that the per- Another medical situation that to be happy," Hansen said. sonal catastrophes in my life were my causes Crenshaw concern is the escalat- Glanges said Crenshaw was de- own doing. Young doctors today start- ing fervor of abortion opponents. manding as a teacher. ing out-women and men-should learn to "Before it was legal in the U.S., we "When he hired me at IPS, I told put their motors in neutral. I never did." could tell in the emergency room when him I never thought I'd work for him be- A Cheshire-cat smile appeared at an abortionist was in town. Women cause he's the biggest S.O.B. I've ever the mention of his premarital reputation came in bleeding, infected. The obste- met," Glanges said, "Back in the old as a legendary ladies' man and he said, trics/gynecology does would do what days, Charles was a damn good surgeon. "Well it was rugged glamour. Women they could, but often these women died He was never mean to the residents, but always liked the surgeons; they thought or were left unable to have children. he uncompromisingly taught them to we had great hands." "It was tragic. the ravages of not operate. He's a giving guy; he's given Crenshaw said his biggest regret is having legalized abortion, and it af- his time, knowledge and even money to what the calling to medicine did to his fected indigent women who couldn't af- this hospital. He let me run a lot of health. Now his right hand lags. His ford to go to Cuba or Europe like things another guy wouldn't have given heartbeats measure his luck. wealthy women." he said. "Illegal me the opportunity to handle." "You must understand, I thought abortions are done in motels with dirty would operate on patients until I instruments...Many women died." dropped dead, and I'm disappointed my JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 9 a. He was present in the Parkland emer- Conunission's Hearings and Exhibits. health has kept me from being able to Crenshaw is mentioned 8 times by 5 continue for four or five more years. gency room and observed the President's throat and head wounds. medical personnel as being in Trauma Still, I'll leave here knowing this hospi- Room 1, doing just what he said he was tal is a contender in excellence. That's b. The throat wound was a small en- doing, a cutdown on one of Kennedy's what I really wanted." legs. (One of those who mentions Cren- "He made $20,000 the first year he trance wound. while the head wound was a large defect in the back of the shaw in his Warren Commission testi- was chief of surgery. In three decades. mony is Dr. Charles Baxter. who now he could have made much more money President's head, in the occipital and pa- rietal bones. expresses skepticism about Crenshaw's in private practice than he has as a being there.) teacher and administrator. Susan Crenshaw said her husband c. He was also present. attending the mortally wounded Lee Harvey Oswald 7. The Dallas doctors who attended should be remembered for his commit- President Kennedy have gone on record ment to the hospital. when the accused Presidential assassin died in the emergency room on Sunday. with their description of the wounds "Just write that he gave everything they say in Dallas within minutes of the to John Peter Smith Hospital," she said. At that time, Crenshaw took a telephone call from President Lyndon Johnson. time Kennedy was shot. Among the of- "He gave his life. And say he's stopping ficial reports by these Parkland doctors now to smell the flowers. He have so Johnson asked the medical personnel to are: much for so long. and it's time to take get a confession from Oswald before he care of himself finally. He'd never tell died. a. CE 392—handwritten reports sub- you that, but it's the truth." 3. The Dallas doctors who were in the mitted on the afternoon of the assassina- tion. These reports are the first accounts • • • emergency room and were also inter- viewed by JAMA are: Dr. Charles Bax- of JFK's wounds. ter. Dr. Malcolm Perry, Dr. Robert McClelland, Dr. Charles Carrico. and b. Warren Commission testimony— PARKLAND Dr. Marion Jenkins. Most of the Parkland doctors testified DOCTORS VS. under oath before the Commission. 4. All except McClelland dispute Cren- They were asked about the nature and DR. CHARLES shaw's claims. All the others insist that location of the President's wounds. CRENSHAW what they saw in the Parkland emergen- cy room does not in any fundamental c. HSCA depositions--Interviews con- was contradict the findings of the Beth- ducted with some of the Parkland doc- esda autopsy and the X-rays and photo- tors by the House Ascacsinations Committee in 1977. graphs taken to document those autopsy findings 8. A REVIEW OF THE TESTIMO- 5. The JAMA article raises the issue NY OF THE PARKLAND DOC-

of whether or not Crenshaw was even TORS (INCLUDING THOSE NOW in Trauma Room I when Kennedy CONDEMNING CRENSHAW) RE- was there. Author Dennis Breo note, VEALS THAT THEIR OFFICIAL "Crenshaw, who was a resident in STATEMENTS ABOUT THE NA-

1963 is not mentioned in the Warren TURE AND LOCATION OF JFK'S Inm Commission's 888-page summary WOUNDS ARE IN AGREEMENT WITH DR CRENSHAW'S. report...." 1. The second JAMA article consists of At another point, Breo writes, "Since interviews with Dallas doctors who were it is hard to prove a negative, no one 9. The President's head wound: present in the Parkland emergency room can say with certainty what some when President Kennedy was brought suspect—that Crenshaw was not even a. According to Dr. Crenshaw: there minutes after being shot. in the trauma room; none of the four Located in occipitoparietal area at back recalls ever seeing him at the scene." of head, large and exploded outward, an 2. Dr. Crenshaw has made these claims exit wound. in his book, "Conspiracy of Silence" : 6. Alas, it is possible to pinpoint Dr. Crenshaw's whereabouts on November h. According to the other Parkland 22. In Volume VI of the Warren doctors: JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 10 1

extent that the cerebellum had protruded * Dr. Jenkins: * Dr. Paul Peters: from the wound." (WR, p. 530) - CE 392 (hours after seeing body) - WC testimony—"l noted that there was - WC testimony—"Part of the brain was -"Great laceration of the right side of the a large defect in the occiput." (6 H 71) herniated; I really think part of the head (temporal and occipital)" (CE 392, cerebellum . , . was hanging out from Warren Report p. 530) * Dr. Ronald Jones: the wound." (6 H 48) -HSCA deposition—"One segment of -WC testimony—'There was a large de- - HSCA deposition—"He [Jenkins] noted bone was blown out—this was a segment fect in the back of the head." (WC 6 H that a portion of the cerebellum was of occipital or temporal bone." (HSCA, 53) hanging out from a hole in the right-rear 7 H 287) of the head." (HSCA, 7 H 287) * Dr. Gene Akin: " Dr. Carrico: -WC testimony—"In the back the right " Dr. Charles Carrico: -Warren Commission testimony--"I saw occipitoparietal part of the skull was - WC testimony—"...skull was frag- a large gaping wound located in the shattered." (6 H 65) mented and bleeding cerebral and cere- right occipitoparietal area." (6 H 6) bellar tissue." (6 H 3) -HSCA deposition —" ...fairly large c. THUS DR. CRENSHAW AND ALL - HSCA deposition—"One could see wound in the right side of the head, in THE OTHER PARKLAND DOCTOR blood and brains, both cerebrum and the parietal, occipital area....That would HAVE CONSISTENTLY PLACED A cerebellum fragments in that wound." be above and posterior to the ear." LARGE WOUND IN THE BACK OF (HSCA 7 H 268) (HSCA 7 H 278) KENNEDYS HEAD. DR.. CREN- SHAW AND ALL THE OTHER DOC- * Dr. Malcolm Perry: TORS MENTION THE OCCIPITAL HSCA deposition—"There was visible " Dr. Malcolm Perry: BONE AS BEING BLASTED. brain tissue in the macard and some -CE 392—"a large wound of the right cerebellum was seen." (HSCA 7 H 302) posterior cranium." (WR, p. 521) d. PHOTOGRAPHS ALLEGEDLY -Warren Commission testimony—"...a TAKEN BEFORE THE AUTOPSY AT " Dr. Robert McClelland: large avulsive wound of the right occipi- BETHESDA SHOW THE OCCIPITAL - WC testimony— "...brain tissue, poste- toparietal area." (6 H 11) AREA IN THE BACK OF THE HEAD rior cerebral tissue and some -HSCA deposition—"...the parietal oc- TOTALLY INTACT. of the cerebellar tissue had been blasted cipital head wound was largely avulsive. out." (6 H 33) (HSCA 7 H 302) e. THUS, CRENSHAW AND ALL THE OTHER PARKLAND DOCTORS * Dr. Charles Baxter: DISAGREE FUNDAMENTALLY - WC testimony— "... the cerebellum was * Dr. Charles Baxter: WITH THE AUTOPSY PHOTOS present—a large quantity of the brain -CE 392—The right temporal and oc- SHOWING THE BACK OF THE was present on the cart." (6 H 41) cipital bones were missing and the brain HEAD. was lying on the table." (WR, p. 523) " Dr. Kemo Clark: 10. Damage to the cerebellum - WC testimony— "...cerebral and cere- * Dr. Robert McClelland: bellar tissue being damaged and expo- -WC testimony—'1 noted that the right a. According to the autopsy photo- sed." (6 H 20) posterior portion of the skull had been graphs there is no damage to the "...the loss of cerebellar tissue..." (6 H extremely blasted...some of the occipital cerebellum. 26) bone was fractured in its lateral half." b. According to Dr. Crenshaw: (6 H 33) Dr. Crenshaw says the cerebellum was D. IT IS CLEAR THAT DR. CREN- hanging out of the rear head wound, SHAW AND SEVERAL OTHER * Dr. Kemp Clark: with strands of brain tissue extending DALLAS DOCTORS SAW THE -CE392—"Two external wounds... the into the brain itself. CEREBELLUM DAMAGED AND other in the occipital area of the skull...a c. According to the other Parkland PROTRUDING FROM THE OC- large wound of the right occipitoparietal doctors: CIPITAL HEAD WOUND. area." (WR, p. 517) - WC testimony—"I examined the wound * Dr. Marion Jenkins: E. AGAIN, DR. CRENSHAW'S in the back of the President's head." (6 CE 392—"herniation and laceration of OBSERVATIONS ARE CONSIS- H 20) "...presence of the much larger the great areas of the brain, even to the TENT WITH THOSE OF THE OTH- wound in the right occipital region" (6 ERS IN THE EMERGENCY ROOM. H 29) I JFK DATELINE: DALLAS According to this transcript_ these Service agents who viewed the body ei- exchanges took place: ther in Dallas or at the Bethesda F. PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE BRAIN morgue. SHOW THE CEREBELLUM TO BE COMPLETELY INTACT. THIS IS Q. Where was the entrance wound: a. Roy Kellerman, describing what he IN FUNDAMENTAL DISAGREE- Perry; There was an entrance wound in the neck. saw in the morgue at Bethesda, reported MENT WITH THE DALLAS DOC- that a piece of skull 5 inches in diameter TORS, INCLUDING CRENSHAW. Q. Which way was the bullet coming on the neck wound? At him? was missing from behind the right ear. Perry: It appeared to be coming at him. Kellerman speaks of the missing bone in 11. The Throat Wound a strange way: "This was removed " (2 H 80-81) A. The autopsy doctors at first failed (Later) to appreciate that there was a bullet Q. Doctor, describe the entrance b. William Greer, driver of the Presi- wound in Kennedy's throat. The tra- dential limousine. made a circle with a cheostomy performed by Dr. Perry had wound. You think from the front in the 11 was throat? 5-inch diameter to show Warren com- changed the nature of the defect. mission counsel Specter the size of the not until the morning after the autopsy Perry: The wound appeared to be an entrance wound in the front of the head wound, which Greer located on that Dr. Humes, in telephone conversa- the "upper right side. going toward the tion with Dr. Perry, learned of the throat throat; yes, that is correct." rear." (2 H 128) wound. At this point. Dr. Humes as- sumed the throat wound to be an exit D. THE BETHESDA PATHOLO- c. Clint Hill saw the head wound GISTS, WITHOUT EXAMINING point for a bullet which had struck Ken- within seconds of the time it was THE THROAT WOUND, CON- nedy in the upper back. There was no inflicted—when he jumped into the rear physical verification for this, since no CLUDED THAT IT WAS A WOUND OF EXIT. seat of the limousine. He testified, "The dissection of the neck had occurred dur- right rear portion of his head was miss- ing the autopsy and the body was lying ing. It was lying in the rear seat of the E. DR CRENSHAW CALLS IT AN in state in the White House when Dr. car. His brain was exposed .. . a gaping ENTRANCE WOUND. Humes received his information from wound in the right rear portion of the Dr. Perry'. head. (2 H 141) F. DR. PERRY, WITHIN AN HOUR OF SEEING IT, CALLED THE B. According to Dr. Crenshaw: 4. What about the allegation the Presi- Dr. Crenshaw says the throat would was THROAT WOUND AN ENTRANCE dent Lyndon Johnson called the Park- WOUND ON NOVEMBER 22, 1963. an entrance wound, smooth and small, land Emergency Room while Oswald about the size of the end of the finger. was being treated there at mid-day on SUMMARY Sunday? C. According to Parkland Doctors: 1. The Parkland doctors described a Dr. Charles Barter has said, "Did large wound in the back of the head, * * Dr. Paul Peters: that happen? Heavens no. . .imagine damage to the cerebellum and an en- - WC testimony—"We saw the wound of that, the President of the trance wound in the throat. ALL OF entry in the throat and noted the large personally calls for Charles Crenshaw." THESE ARE CONTRADICTORY occipital wound." (6 H 71) Crenshaw was then told to try to get the TO THE FINDINGS OF THE BETH- accused to confess before he expired. * Dr. Malcolm Perry: ESDA AUTOPSY. - Press conference statement. Dr. Mal- * Crenshaw never claimed that LBJ colm Perry participated in a press con- 2. The other Parkland doctors' descrip- called for him. He asserted in his book ference less than two hours after he tions of the head wound. cerebellum, that Johnson called the emergency room performed a tracheostomy on Kennedy's and throat wound are consistent with and a nurse tapped him on the shoulder throat at Parkland. At the press confer- those of Dr. Crenshaw, whom they now as one of the doctors in the room. ence. Dr. Perry 3 times identified the attack for insisting that Kennedy was throat wound as an entrance wound. shot from the front. * Support for Crenshaw's claim has come from many sources: The transcript of this press conference is 3. It should be noted that the descrip- kept in the LBJ Library in Austin, Tex- tions given by Dr. Crenshaw and the a. ABC-TV examined Johnson's log as. It is White House transcript 1327-C. other Parkland doctors are corroborate:? and found that he conferred with by the statements of the three Secret JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 12

Attorney General Robert Kennedy just Council on World Affairs. This re- of the meeting changed my written after Oswald was shot. Historian Wil- markable meeting featured a speech by question from "When you are called to liam Manchester writes that Johnson Dr. John Lattimer and a panel discus- testify..." to "If you should have to de- said, "We've got to get involved; we've sion by the following Parkland doctors scribe . ." Each Dallas doctor said he got to do something." who were present in the emergency would stick to his previous statements. rooms and treated President Kennedy b. Dallas brain surgeon Philip Wil- and Governor Connally there: Dr. Paul 5. I was able to ask Drs. Jenkins, Peters, liams, who was also present in the emer- Peters. Dr. Robert Shaw. Dr. James and Carrico about the autopsy photo gency room while Oswald was there, Carrico, Dr. Charles Baxter, and Dr. which shows the occipito-parietal area says there was a White House phone Marion Jenkins. Drs. Kemp Clark, of the President's head completely intact. call, whether from the President or an Robert McClelland, and Malcolm Perry All three doctors say the large skull de- aide. Williams says he has told people had been scheduled to attend, but were fect they saw in the emergency room is of the call for years. not present. Drs. Carrico and Shaw underneath the scalp of the President. were substitutions for Perry, Clark, and They say they believe the prosecutors c. Additionally. a PBX operator, Phyllis McClelland. have pulled the scalp back into place, Bartlett, has stated in a letter to the thereby, covering the wound. Dallas Morning News, that she took the 2. Lattimer's speech was remarkable for call from the White House, from a male its errors. In the course of the talk, the 6. Clearly, this is to be the "reconc- who identified himself as President Columbia urologist stated that Officer iling" position for the future. I con- Johnson. then connected the caller to the Tippit was struck by 3 bullets [the cor- fronted each of the three Dallas doctors emergency room. rect number is 4], that fibers from with these obvious problems: Oswald's sweater were found on the d. Two FBI documents confirm that the Mannlicher [FBI reports deny this.] and a. There are no incisions to indicate Agency moved to place agents in the that Oswald was known to be a cold- that any reflecting of the scalp has taken emergency room for a confession. blooded killer. There were the obligato- place. Document 62-10960 (11-24-63) shows ry films of pumpkins being shot and that Hoover ordered FBI official Rosen tumbling back toward the gun. then Lat- b. These photos are supposed to have to get a person to Parkland hospital to timer topped off his performance by say- been taken BEFORE the autopsy proce- get the confession. Rosen then con- ing that his 14 year old son had been dures began. tacted Secret Service Agent Forrest Sor- able to fire 3 shots from the Mannlicher rel's, who says that an agent is already in 5 seconds, hitting within the radius of c. There is a flap or scalp/bone hanging there. An FBI airtel recently released a half-dollar with the three! [If another from the right side of the head anterior shows that Special Agents Brown and Desert Storm is necessary, let us all to the ear, in the frontal region. [They Heitman "did don hospital clothing and hope young Lattimer is on our side!] are unable to explain this.] took position outside the operating room " 3. But the highlight of the evening was d. Why would anyone draw the re- the remarks of the five Parkland doctors. flected scalp back over such a crucial e. But they also went inside. Dr. Paul They their remarkable posture--support piece of evidence as a hole in the back of Peters told a nationwide audience ("The for the Warren Commission and HSCA the head—especially in the light of the Men Who Killed Kennedy." 1988) that conclusions that Kenneth' was shot in fact that there are no pictures which as he worked in the emergency room, the head from the rear, while at the show the defect? [Dallas doctors have agents yelled at Oswald to confess. same time adhering to their sworn state- no explanations for this.' ments and writings describing, a large f. Thus, there is a mountain of evidence wound in the back of the head, which 7. When asked the hypothetical [but ob- to indicate that (1) President Johnson they clearly believe to be an exit wound. vious' question: "If this picture was tak- called the emergency room where Dr. en before the autopsy began, and there is Crenshaw was working; (ii) as Cren- 4_ I was able to speak personally with no reflected scalp here, is the condition shaw reported, agents in hospital garb all but Baxter. I asked each specifically of the President's head consistent with were present to take any confession. "When you are called to testify again what you saw in the emergency room in about the President's wounds, will you Dallas?", the three Dallas doctors re- ADDENDUM. continue to describe their nature and fused to comment. location in the same way you did in 1. On Thursday. June 4, I attended a CE392, before the Warren Commission, symposium sponsored by the Dallas and before the HSCA?" [The moderator JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 13 I considered one of the top thoracic sur- I 8. It will be interesting to see how long wound as a "keyhole shaped" wound, geons in the country, was assigned to these men can maintain this caused by a tumbling bullet which had else John Connally and directed the four intellectually-untenable position. already struck something [Kennedy}. He showed how he had du- hour operation on the governor. "Connally was lucky," Dr Shaw 9. Other notes from the Dallas forum: plicated such a wound in his test skins. Dr. Shaw stated that Connally's back said after the operation. He explained that after the bullet entered Connally's a. Dr. Peters said, "We got all those wound was NOT keyhole shaped. but back in the area of the right shoulder calls from Bethesda next day. . ." In was the size and shape of what he called blade, it coursed down the chest well another speech in Centreville, Mississip- "a typical wound of entry which had not and shattered the fifth rib. "It was like a pi. Peters had described a barrage of struck anything elsefirst." Shaw stated bowling ball hitting ten pins and send- calls from Bethesda. [Officially, only that he did not accept the single-bullet ing them in all directions," Dr. Shaw Perry was contact by Bethesda.] theory, that he believed the 2 bullet fragments found in the car were form said in an interview. The bone fragments from the fifth b. Dr. Peters stated that six weeks to the bullet which hit Connally's chest and rib ranged in size from 1/2 to 1 1/2 in- two months after they treated the dying then shattered his wrist. Shaw stated ches long. Dr Shaw indicated it was President, FBI came and got everything. that only a fragment entered Connally's these "secondary missiles" that did most then had the Dallas doctors sign docu- thigh. Remarkably, Shaw felt that CE of the serious damage. especially to the ments and swear they had given the FBI 399 may have gone through Kennedy's right lung. everything. [Peters may well mean the throat [which leaves us to wonder how Dr. Shaw said he could not say with Secret Service, but these affidavits and the missile could have gotten onto an absolute certainty that only one bullet records are not anywhere in the record. emergency room stretcher at Parklandl] wounded Connally, but "That's the way This underscores the need to obtain the we constructed events." Parkland Hospital file now being held by • • • Several years after the release of the Dallas County.] Warren Commission Report, Dr. Shaw stated he didn't know how many frag- c. Some [including HSCA's Andy Pur- THE IMPORTANCE ments were removed from Connally. but dy] have tried to say the Dallas doctors he does know that the amount of metal did not see the head wound well because OF DR. ROBERT that was obviously in the wrist and that the both' was lying face up on the emer- SHAW the small fragment that was in the tissue gency room stretcher and the Dallas of the thigh was not consistent with the doctors were preoccupied with saving BY ROBERT T. JOHNSON appearance of the bullet that was found the President's life. At the forum, Dr. on the governor's stretcher. Peters stated that. as they discussed Dr. Robert Shaw, 87. died of a On several occasions, Dr. Shaw's whether or not to open the President's stroke December 8, 1992 at Baylor Uni- statements have all but disintegrated the chest for a heart massage. Dr. Jenkins versity Medical Center in Dallas. The single bullet theory that one bullet said, "You boys better step up and look Dallas Morning News in it's December caused seven wounds in both Kennedy at this brain..." Some of the doctors did 9, 1992 edition carried a nine paragraph and Connally. He said . . ."To me the so, and decided not to open the chest. story detailing Dr. Shaw's life, but oddly wound of entry to Connally's back was enough, not one word was mentioned consistent with a bullet that had not d. In a disclosure which I found re- about his involvement in saving the life struck anything else before it struck the markable. Dr. Peters said he was never of John Bowden Connally, November cloth of the suit and then went through able to see an entrance wound in the 22. 1963 at Parkland Hospital. the chest. cowlick area in the photos he was shown I'll try to remedy this oversight by On May 11, 1993, I had a phone at the National Archives. Peters stated going over Dr. Shaw's activities that conversation with Audrey Bell, the at- that he was told there was a wound weekend and subsequent statements and tending nurse during the Connally sur- there, but he could never see it. He said thoughts attributed to him over the gery. Ms. Bell confirmed the following: there was a blemish, scar. scratch or years. something on the skin. but that he was On November 22, 1963, after hear- 1. At least 5 fragments were taken never able to see any defect in the un- ing of the Dealey Plaza tragedy, Dr. from the wrist and thigh of Governor derlying bone. Robert Shaw and Dr. Charles Gregory Connally. arrived at Parkland Hospital. Both were e. Dr. Robert Shaw took a shot at both veterans of World War 11 and between 2. Hole in Connally's back was a Lattirner and the single bullet theory. them they had experience with almost neat round hole of entrance. Not a Lattimer had described Connally's back 1,500 cases of bullet wounds. Dr. Shaw, JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 14 I figure eight wound created by a tum- wound and who described that wound as is, in the chest on both the right and left bling bullet that has passed through a small, round, neat hole of entry (above sides]. These [tubes] were connected to something or someone else. JFK's necktie knot and below his sealed underwater drainage." (From CE Adam's apple). Reports of a ragged tra- 392 and reproduced in R. Appendix 3. The fifth rib and the right wrist cheal wound were accurate, but that de- VIII, 517-518; all subsequent Admission of Governor Connally were both scription was of the wound to the note excerpts from the same source.) shattered. trachea underneath the skin surface at the neat hole of entry in the front of the Dr. Carrico: ". . .[Bilateral] chest 4. Remembers passing fragments to throat. Dr. Malcolm Perry performed a tubes [were] inserted. . ." ("Admission someone. Can't remember who . . tracheotomy in the deep natural fold of Note" 519; see also Carrico's Hearings (Editors note: Documents in Dallas Po- the president's neck, a short, transverse testimony: ". . .the chest tubes were in- lice files indicate fragments went to Bob (horizontal) incision across the small, serted... ." 3 H 360) Nolan, Dept. of Public Safety then to round missile hole, in an attempt to save Capt. Fritz, Dallas Police who sent them JFK's life. (Evica x [Introduction], and Dr. Perry: "[I directed] . . .place- to the DPD Crime Lab and finally to the documentation, p. 333; emphasis added ment of sealed drainage chest tubes . ." FBI.) here and throughout.) ("Admission Note" 521) Nurse Bell agreed with me that Dr. Robert Shaw is important to history and The president was having obvious Dr. Baxter: [Al . .chest tube his statements and observations smash breathing problems, and Perry ". . .not- [was] inserted into the Rt. chest (2nd in- the backbone of the Warren Commission iced. . .free air and blood [apparently tercostal space anterially)." story. The Single Bullet Theory. originating] in the right [superior] me- ("Admission Note" 523) diastinum [that is, the space between the Sources: heart and the lungs]." (3 H 370) [So] . . Dr. McClelland: ''. . Drs. Jones Accessories After the Fact - By Syl- the presence of this blood. . . could be and Paul Peters inserted bilateral ante- via Meagher PP 165-167 indicative of . . [an! underlying rior chest tubes for pnewnothoracis sec- Dallas Morning News - Article by [damaged] condition." (3 H 370). ondary to the tracheomediastinal Earl Crolz - April 27. 1977 Though the "symptoms" might have injury." ("Admission Note" 526) Dallas Morning News, Dec. 9, 1992 been signals of a tracheal wound alone Dallas Municipal Archives and (3 H 372). the blood and frothing could Several later sources support these Records have been the result of an even more se- medical reports. For example: "Against Fort Worth Star Telegram - Nov. rious "underlying injury to the lung...' the possibility that air might have infil- 23. 1963 (3 H 371). trated the President's check between the Nurse Audrey Bell (Conversation Dr. Perry took no chances: "I asked lungs and the chest wall, the doctors in- 5-11-93) someone to put in a chest tube to allow serted] tubes [in his chest] to help him sealed drainage of any blood or air breathe." From "The Doctors' Hard which might be accumulated in the right Fight to Save Him," by Earl Ubell. Sci- • • • hemothorax." (3 H 370) ence Editor, New York Herald Tri- Doctors Paul Peters and Charles bune, November 23rd, 1963, in 22 H Baxter inserted the right chest tube, at- (CE 1415) 832, "THESE WERE KNIFE taching it to underwater drainage of the Dr. Charles Crenshaw has provided pneumothorax. (3 H 370) As an added the clearest description of the surgical WOUNDS": precaution, a chest tube was also intro- chest procedures at Parkland: New Evidence of A Major Medical duced on the president's left size. Park- . . .Drs. Baxter and Peters began in- Contradiction between Parkland and land Hospital handwritten and typed serting an anterior chest tube on the Bethesda "Admission" notes (made out immedi- President's right side. and Drs. Jones ately after the president was declared and McClelland . . [inserted a tube on] By George Michael Evica dead) were collected by Dr. Kemp the left side to further assist in his Clark. summarized by him, and ulti- breathing by expanding his chest cavity. (From The Iron Sights, a work in prog- mately submitted to the Warren The doctors inserted the chest tubes ress; copyright 1993) Commission. in the President's body by making inci- sions between the ribs on both sides of The Warren Commission ignored or Dr. Kemp Clark: "Because of the his chest in the mid-clavicular lines, dismissed the observations of every lacerated trachea, anterior chest tubes which are located at the shoulder blade Parkland doctor and nurse who saw and were placed in both pleural spaces [that level. Trocars, which are blunt, oblong reported on the president's front neck JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 15 instruments surrounded by metal tubes, Did Humes, Boswell, and Fink take confused as to which of his associates were then plunged through the incisions note of the Parkland anterior surgical [why? the Admission Notes are quite into his chest cavity. The trocars were incisions? According to their autopsy clear]. . .to put in a chest tube. . . quite then pulled out, and latex rubber tubing report: Incisions were made in the up- logical under the circumstances, and with holes in the sides to allow air to per anterior chest wall bilaterally to which would, if a tube that were placed pass were fed down through the metal combat possible subcutaneous emphyse- through all layers of the wall of the sheaths into the chest cavity. The other ma. [From where did the Bethesda doc- chest. and the chest cavity had been vio- ends of the rubber tubing were put into tors get this information? Certainly not lated [that is. traumatically penetrated] water-sealed drainage to create negative from the Parkland Admission Notes or one could remove air that had gotten in pressure to expand the lungs. from Dr. there and greatly assist respiration. (2 H (Crenshaw 85; see also 86) Kemp Clark's summary; no such 362) "subcutaneous emphysema" was ob- But had Humes. Boswell, and Finck To summarize: the Parkland doc- served or noted by any Parkland doctor.] found such evidence of chest-penetrating tors, in a vain attempt to save the presi- (The Hurnes/Boswell/Fink Autopsy Re- surgery? No: ". . these [incisions] dent's life, made bilateral incisions into port, in CE 387, cited in R, Appendix were [only] knife wounds I; they] were his chest and inserted tubing through IX, "Autopsy Report" 539.) incised wounds on either side of the those incisions into the president's right Did Humes, Boswell, and Fink de- chest." (2 1-1 363) They were ". and left pleural cavities. scribe the Parkland anterior surgical wounds . . on the chest which were go- Did Doctors Humes, Boswell, and incisions? ing to be used by the doctors there to Fink report they examined the pleural Situated on the anterior chest wail place chest tubes." (2 H 367) cavities of the body at Bethesda during in the nipple line arc bilateral 2 cm. And did Humes and Boswell (Fink the official autopsy? long recent transverse surgical incisions was not present), when they were asked The autopsy doctors reported on into the subcutaneous tissue. The one to ". . examine, identify, and invento- pleural cavity contusion (R 369; see also on the left is situated I 1 cm. cephalad ry" the alleged autopsy photos on No- Humes' Hearings testimony: 2 H 363) to the nipple. There is no hemorrhage vember 1st. 1966 (Clark Report 2), which could only have been observed af- or cechymosis associated with these again describe the Parkland anterior in- ter they made a Y incision: wounds. (Same source as above, 540.) cisions? Humes and Boswell report Did Humes describe these surgical their Archives visit in a document dated . . in the apex (supra-clavicular incisions in his Warren Commission November 10th, 1966. They described portion of the right pleural cavity) . testimony? photo #13 ". . . showing anterior aspect there is contusion of the parietal pleura !The] . . . two smaller wounds on of head and upper torso including tra- and of the extreme apical portion of the the . . . chest . did not enter the cheotomy wound. . ." Humes and Bos- right upper lobe of the lung. In both in- chest cavity. They only went through well further stated about photo #13 that stances the diameter of contusion and the skin. I presume that as they were . two superficial stab wounds on ecchymosis at the point of maximal in- performing that procedure it was ob- each side of the chest [are] able to be volvement measures 5 cm. Both the vious that the President had died, and seen." Joanne Braun ("New Evidence of visceral and parietal pleura are in- they didn't pursue this (2 H 363) Body Tampering," The Third Decade, tact overlying these areas of trauma. According to his Warren Commis- March, 1991, p. 13), commented in a (from CE 387, cited in R. 542) sion testimony, did Humes check with note: "I can't make these out in Autopsy the Parkland doctors about these surgi- Photo 13." Ms. Braun is not alone; the A 5 cm. diameter of purplish red cal incisions? chest "wounds" are barely visible—if discoloration and increased firmness to . . . Doctor Perry told me in tele- they exist at all. palpitation is situated and apical portion phone conversation [apparently in re- The House Select Committee on As- of the right upper lobe. This [contusion] sponse to the question: Did you sassinations and (more recently) the corresponds to the similar area described introduce surgical wounds to the chest?] Journal of the American Medical As- in the overlying parietal pleura. (from that there was bubbling of air and blood sociation ignored these major contradic- CE 387, cited in R 542) in the vicinity of this [anterior throat] tions between the Parkland medical staff would . . This [air and blood bubbling] and the Bethesda Naval autopsy team? Note: Both the visceral and parie- caused him to believe that perhaps there tal pleura are intact overlying these had been a violation {that is, a traumatic Either: areas of trauma." (from CE 387, cited penetration] of one of the—one or other 1. The Parkland doctors lied in R 542) of the pleural cavities by a missile. He, about their attempts to save JFK: be- therefore. asked one of his associates. cause a. they made superficial subcuta- and the record is to me somewhat neous "wounds" in JFK's chest to begin I JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 16 I chest procedures but thereafter called off observed superficial stab or knife their autopsy observations: or b., the those procedures (and subsequently lied wounds on the body of the president Bethesda doctors indeed observed such about the extent of their procedures) or which were indeed consistent with these surgery, but made both false reports and because b. they introduced these Parkland falsehoods. gave false testimony (for whatever "wounds" after the president's death to But if the Parkland doctors told the justice-obstructing reasons); or c.. insure their rescue efforts were credible truth: that they used chest-penetrating Humes, Boswell, and Finck told the (and lied about the extent of their medical technology on JFK's body, them truth: the body they dissected did not procedures). a., the Bethesda autopsy team was total- have observable chest-penetrating sur- ly incompetent and did not observe such gery, because the body they observed Or: Parkland intercostal, pleural-cavity sur- was not the body of John F. Kennedy. 2. The Parkland doctors told the gery (therefore calling into question all truth about their procedures, specifically concerning the intercostal surgery nec- This city is no stranger to me. A Parisian designed the. City of Wash- essary to introduce the ['vicars and tub- ington. He laid out our broad boulevards after living here in this community. ing into the president's chest When he had finished his generous designs, he presented a bill to the Con- Note: no "in-between" position is possible here: either the Parkland doc- gress for ninety thousand dollars, and the Congress of the United States, in tors penetrated the president's pleural one of those bursts of economic fervor for which they are justifiably famous cavities surgically (2., above) or they did awarded him the munificent sum of three thousand dollars. Some people not (I., above). have been so unkind as to suggest that your clothes designers have been col- If the Parkland doctors lied (1., lecting his bills ever since. JFK in Paris 1961 above), then Humes, Boswell, and Finck

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'Time's glory is to calm contending Icings, To unmask falsehood, and bring truth to light." William Shakespeare JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 17 CANADIAN SYMPOSIUM ON JFK

By Rick Nelson

If the press coverage of an event is an indication of how successful it is, then I would have to say the first ever Canadian Symposium on the JFK assas- sination was a big hit!

Over 30 members of the media from Major John Newman, Jean Hill and Dr. David Wrone across Canada came to Sudbury. Ontar- assassination. Mr. Centa is regarded by out. The most startling revelation to io, August 19th through the 22nd. The many to be Canada's foremost authority come out centered on a cabin found by aftershocks are still being felt not only on the assassination. In the audience Larry Howard containing weapon- in Canada. but on the other side of the was Beverly Oliver and her husband related pieces of evidence in the rugged border as well. While the symposium Ms. Oliver was one of the witnesses to terrain of Southwest Texas. Howard be- was in progress. the CIA released about the assassination and had the unfortu- lieves he found the hidden camp used 23,000 pages of previously secret docu- nate luck to have her film taken by FBI for target practice for the murder of ments related to the Kennedy assassina- Agents. She was also introduced to Lee JFK. tion. US NEWS AND WORLD REPORT Harvey Oswald by three The symposium ended with the also rushed out excerpts of a new anti- weeks before the assassination. The showing of the movie JFK at a local conspiracy bo.,k called "Case Closed". 1 presentation at the Theatre Center was theatre off campus. The movie was fol- found it a bit of a coincidence that this the kickoff to the symposium which lowed by a question and answer session news organization asked us for informa- moved over to the campus of LAUREN- with Marina Oswald-Porter, Larry Ho- tion about our symposium only days be- TIAN UNIVERSITY for the following ward, and Beverly Oliver. This was an fore they released portions of this new three days. emotional time for me because Mrs. Por- book. I found it also coincidental that Also in Sudbury for the JFK Sym- ter was able to communicate her NBC news was calling me 48 hours be- posium; Larry Howard, founder of the thoughts. her hopes, and her dreams. in fore Marina Oswald-Porter and Larry JFK Assassination Research Center in such a way that prompted a standing Howard were to be interviewed by Tom Dallas, Texas. With him was Marina ovation. She confessed to me that Brokaw. It was disappointing to learn Oswald-Porter and husband Ken, and speaking in public isn't something she that these groups aren't interested in Jean Hill_ Other invited guests included looks forward to. However. having said finding new evidence (which we found Major John Newman and Professor Da- that, I believe she underestimates the at this symposium), but instead want to vid Wrone. ability she has to reach the common continue rubbing our noses into the For the next three days, these and folks. I was touched by her grace, same old lone gunman theory. Just be- other guest speakers took their turn at charm, wit, and most of all her sincerity. fore the start of the symposium. the local the podium to share their views about Mrs. Porter, if you read this, I hope you Sudbury newspaper released a poll that the greatest murder mystery of the 20th won't be apprehensive about attending found that 93% of it's readers believe century. another symposium, because you have a that a conspiracy took place to kill Presi- During the planning stages of the story to tell and after 30 years, people dent Kennedy. It was under this cloak symposium we wanted experts from both are finally listening. of skepticism over the official version of sides of this issue to debate their beliefs From a financial outlook, we still Kennedy's death that hovered over our while in Sudbury. Unfortunately, we don't know if this symposium made am• symposium all weekend. People were could not find one person who believed money. The JFK Symposium committee not coining to have their suspicions in the "lone gunman" theory willing to will hold it's final meeting in early Sep- confirmed but rather to have them defend their views. These people don't tember. We shall know then. Any prof- re-inforced. like being caught in a fair fight. its from this symposium will go to the The events surrounding the sympo- The entire group of invited guests JFK Assassination Center in Dallas. sium began Thursday night, August 19, made it possible for this symposium to Texas. It is our intention to help Larry 1993 at the Sudbury Theatre Center. be successful. If it were not for them. Howard to continue with his ongoing in- Tony Centa gave a sell out crowd a the press would have stayed away and vestigation into the murder of the 35th crash course on the Kennedy the story would have never have gotten President of the United States. I JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 18 1 ARMY INTELLIGENCE AND THE MARTIN LUTHER KING ASSASSINATION

By J. Gary Shaw E., Larry Ray Harris

The assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. has always been sec- ondary interest to the authors of this ar- ticle. But a recent investigative report in a major American newspaper con- cerning Dr. King and past domestic co- JULES RICCO KIMBLE - 1967 Photo Credit: J. Gary Shaw Collection vert activities of the U.S. military intelligence is of such significance that was over a barrel" and that "blacks were same time, was working as an informant taking advantage of the uncertainty of for the Louisiana State Police and the we feel compelled to examine some of the Vietnam period". Yarborough said FBI. Kimble claimed he the revelations for the readers of DATE- that Army officers "take an oath to pro- drove a high-ranking KKK official LINE DALLAS. The information is tect the country against all enemies, for- named Jack Helm to David Ferries relevant because it appears to us to shed eign and domestic". The Army clearly apartment on Feb. 23, 1967, the day af- new light on the activities and mindset viewed King as a domestic enemy. ter Ferries mysterious death. (Ferric, a of military intelligence during the turbu- On April 1. 1968, in Washington target of Garrison's inquiry, was a right- lent l960's the so-called Decade of As- D.C., Dr. King delivered another speech wing zealot with ties fiaain Carlos Mar- sassinations. We have long viewed this in which he fervently lambasted Ameri- cella; his apparent involvement in the intelligence group with suspicion as a can war policy in Vietnam. Three days JFK assassination is now accepted by possible key component in the assassina- later, he was shot dead as he stood on a many researchers.) Kimble told Garri- tion of President Kennedy. Memphis, Tennessee motel balcony. The son's investigators he observed Helm re- This past March, the Memphis FBI, as it had with the 1963 JFK assas- move a briefcase full of papers from the (TN) Commercial Appeal published a sination, announced almost immediately apartment and transfer them to a bank major investigative report, based on a that there was "no evidence of conspir- deposit box. He also told the D.A.'s of- 16-month investigation by reporter Ste- acy" in King's death. Two months later fice he worked for the CIA and had phen Tompkins, which revealed that they arrested and charged James Earl flown to Montreal, Canada on an "er- U.S. Army Intelligence had spied exten- Ray, declaring him to be the lone assas- rand" for the extremist group The sively on Martin Luther King, his fami- sin. But was Ray solely responsible for Minutemen. ly, and associates_ According to King's death, or was the civil rights Kimble's relationship with the classified documents reviewed by Tomp- leader the victim of an efficient and right-wing KKK and Minutemen orga- kins, Army Intelligence considered Dr. well-planned plot? nizations appears significant in light of King "a Communist tool" and "a major The Commercial Appeal's lengthy the Commercial Appeal's disclosure that threat to national security". The influen- article contains intriguing information the 20th Special Forces Group head- tial civil rights leader's increasingly out- which brings to mind an account of the quartered in Alabama had established a spoken opposition to U.S. military King assassination which has been pro- working relationship with the KKK. In involvement in Vietnam made him vided by a man named Jules Ricca return for paramilitary training, the "more dangerous", according to Army Kimble. Students of the JFK assassina- Klan became a part of the Group's intel- officers. tion may recall Kimble as an obscure ligence network. Some of the intelli- Dr. King had turned against the war figure who surfaced during the inves- gence units, while secretly working with in Vietnam in mid-1965. In a speech tigation conducted by Jim Garrison, the the KKK and other right-wing groups, one year before his assassination, be had late New Orleans District Attorney. In often supplied them with Army tied the Vietnam war to growing black 1967, according to Kimble, he served as weapons. disillusionment with America, Major the chief of intelligence and security for Now serving a double life sentence General William P. Yarborough. the the Louisiana Ku Klux Klan and, at the for and murder, Kimball Army's top spy, noted that "the Army JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 19 claims to have carried out various as- mission" ( emphasis added). [Note-. The Rockefeller Commission's investigation signments — including two murders— newspaper states that such "A-Teams" into charges that the CIA had conducted for the CIA. He has stated publicly that ordinarily contained 12 members; does illegal activities within the United he has behind-the-scenes knowledge of a this suggest that the eight-man squad States, a former Memphis policeman. conspiracy which resulted in King's was perhaps an especially elite unit?' Edward Reddit, was flown to Washing- 1968 assassination. and in fact per- Kimble. with what appeared to be ton by federal investigators for the sole formed assignments related to the event. an insider's knowledge of the operation. purpose of identifying Memphis police- Jules Ricco Kimble's fascinating described the group's headquarters' walls men in photos of the King crime scene. and detailed account of his purported in- as being covered with diagrams, charts. The commission, appointed by President volvement in the King acsacsination is and maps showing various escape routes Gerald Ford and chaired by Nelson related in Dr. Philip H. Melanson's 1991 out of Memphis. The Commercial ,4p- Rockefeller, reported that the CIA had book, The Martin Luther King Assas- peal learned that Army Intelligence did on occasion utilized local police badges, sination. Kimble's tale may sound far- indeed prepare maps and charts of the identification, and uniforms in some of fetched to some and may seem on the city of Memphis. This group had secret- their covert operations.] surface to be the product of a fanciful ly dispatched Green Beret teams to Kimble claimed that he had "flown imagination or the dubious fabrication make street maps, identify landing zones in" two of the designated King snipers of a convicted felon. However, the inves- for "riot" troops, and scout "sniper armed with 30.06 rifles identical to the The tigation by the Commercial Appeal sights". (Note: Ostensibly, this was done one allegedly used by Ray. article reported that turned up intriguing information which in anticipation of violence arising from Commercial Appeal would appear to parallel and corroborate civil rights demonstrations being led by Memphis police Commissioner Frank some aspects of the scenario outlined by Dr. King]. Some veterans of Vietnam Holloman "...began outfitting five new Kimble. Special Forces, particularly those anti-sniper squads [themselves snipers] James Earl Ray, according to experienced in clandestine CIA opera- with 30.06 rifles with scopes — the civil- Kimble, did not shoot King but was tions, were used in these scouting ian version of the rifle used by Army merely the patsy. Instead, he said, an missions. sniper teams". Dr. King was in fact element of U.S. intelligence headquar- According to The Commercial Ap- killed by a bullet from a 30.06 rifle. tered in a Southern city was responsible peal Army agents from the 111th Mili- The activities of military intelli- for the murder. According to The Com- tary Intelligence Group were in gence in the 1960's, particularly as they mercial Appeal, Army Intelligence Memphis following King's movements relate to President Kennedy's murder, agents were in two Southern cities. Bir- and monitored police radio traffic are highly suspicious. To detail the .IFK mingham. Alabama and Atlanta Geor- "...from a sedan crammed with electron- assassination-related activities of Army gia. Some of these agents, who were in ic equipment" Intelligence would take a complete edi- Memphis on the day of King's assassina- Similarly, Kimble described the tion of this newsletter. Suffice it to say, tion, were Vietnam Special Forces veter- team's use of an unmarked van loaded the fingerprints and footprints of Army ans who had worked in "murky with sophisticated electronics equipment Intelligence were all over Dallas on clandestine operations with the CIA". with which they could observe the crime Nov. 22, 1963. It is well known to JFK Some of these agents, the newspaper re- scene and monitor, as well as broadcast, researchers that the Army Intelligence ported. were "crazy guys" who "couldn't on Memphis Police Department radio file on "Oswald - Hidell" (Lee Harvey forget their training", and had been frequencies. Oswald used the alias 'Alex J. Hidell') "dumped" into the 20th Special Forces The Commercial Appeal article was, according to the House Select Group at Birmingham. Alabama "for documented the close working relation- Committee on Assassinations, "de- safekeeping". ship between Army Intelligence and ci- stroyed routinely in accordance with According to Kimble, a team of vilian police departments. Kimble noted normal files management" in 1973. The "seven" operatives was flown to Mem- that three members of the team had ob- HSCA final report said the destruction phis and set up operations in a house- tained Memphis Police uniforms. Two of the file was "extremely troublesome, trailer just across the Tennessee border of these, he said. were the primary' and especially when viewed in the light of in Mississippi. A similar operation is secondary gunmen who also carried spe- the Department of Defense's failure to described in the Commercial Appeal ar- cial "voucher[s]" in the event they came make this file available to the Warren ticle. According to the newspaper, at the under suspicion by real policemen. In Commission". Without access to the file. time of King's assassination a team of such an eventuality , the bona fide cops the committee noted, the question of "eight" Green Beret (Special Forces) would be instructed to telephone a Oswald's possible affiliation with mili- soldiers from an "Operation Detachment Memphis Police captain who would tary intelligence "could not be fully re- Alpha 184 Team" or ("A-Team") was in vouch for the "new" men. [Note: Inter- solved". Interestingly, while the HSCA Memphis, carrying out "an unknown estingly. in 1975, during the concluded that the FBI the CIA, and the JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 20

Secret Service were not involved in eavesdropping and wiretapping equip- five years for Sports Illustrated, Look Kennedy's accassination, it offered no ment it was able to anticipate his move- Magazine and other publications. such exoneration for Military ments and activities. Several military Mr. Kantor joined the now defunct Intelligence. intelligence teams, including a Green Fort Worth Press as a reporter in 1957 The Commercial Appeal's 16-month Beret Alpha Team on "an unknown mis- and moved to the Dallas Times Herald investigation followed a trail of memos, sion", were in Memphis on the day of in 1960. In 1962, he went to work for memoirs, diaries and meeting notes. King's death. Army Intelligence scout Scripps Howard in the Washington bu- What it uncovered has sinister implica- reams had mapped and diagrammed reau of that newspaper chain. A decade tions. However, apparently oblivious to U.S. cities — including Memphis -- later, he joined the Detroit News in its the significance of its findings, the identifying sniper sites and escape Washington bureau as an investigative newspaper concluded: "...although routes. Sniper teams comprised of reporter. Army agents were in Memphis on the Army and Special Forces sharpshooters From 1978 to 1981, he worked as day..." of Dr. King's assassination, its equipped with 30.06 rifles were readily an investigative reporter for the Atlanta investigation had "...uncovered no hard available. Constitution, part of the Cox Newspa- evidence that Army Intelligence had pers Washington Bureau, before joining played any role..." in his death. If all of this sounds familiar• Nations Business Magazine as a senior The newspaper's apparent lack of to students of the JFK assassination- editor in 1982. Two years later, he re- "hard" evidence notwithstanding, the ...it should! joined the Cox Washington Bureau as age-old axiom that most murders are the correspondent for the Austin Ameri- solved by establishing motive, means can Statesman, a Cox Newspaper. Mr. and opportunity still applies. In this par- Kantor retired from newspaper work in ticular examination of Military Intelli- SETH KANTOR, 1990. In 1992 he joined the American gence, all three of these elements seem Petroleum Institute in Washington as a readily apparent. Consider the VETERAN REPORT- public affairs specialist. following: ER DIES AT AGE 67 Mr. Kantor was traveling with * Motive: Dr. King was perceived OF HEART FAILURE President Kennedy when he was assassi- as a "Communist tool", and declared "a nated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Texas in major threat to national security" by Cox News Service 1963. He subsequently wrote a highly Military Intelligence. His stature (he acclaimed book, Who Was Jack Ruby on was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize) and Seth Kantor, whose journalism ca- the man who kilted Mr. Oswald. influence, combined with his outspoken reer included stints at the Austin Ameri- opposition to U.S. military intervention can Statesman, and other Texas Over the years. Mr. Kantor won nu- in Vietnam, made the civil tights leader publications, died Tuesday of heart fail- merous reporting awards, including the even "more dangerous" in the eyes of ure while being treated for lung cancer national award for Washington corre- Army officials. They clearly viewed in a Washington, D.C. , hospital. He spondence in 1975 from Sigma Delta King as a "domestic enemy", and Army was 67. Chi, the Society of Professional officers are sworn to protect the country Mr. Kantor was a native of Great Journalists. against all enemies. foreign and Neck, N.Y. At the age of 17, he enlisted S domestic. in the U.S, Marine Corps and served as "Seth Kantor was a thoroughly pro- a machine gunner during World War LI fessional newspaperman," said Andrew * Means: Special Forces Groups at two Jima and Guam in the Pacific. J. Glass. Cox Washington bureau chief. (Green Berets) with experience in CIA After the war, Mr. Kantor began his "His deep devotion to the craft was evi- covert operations abroad were utilized newspaper career as a copy aide at the dent in all his work." by Army Intelligence; these included Detroit Bureau of The Associated Press. Distributed by sniper and reconnaissance teams. Army He then became sports editor for the La- News Service Intelligence also had the cooperation mar (Colo.) Daily News in 1948 but and protection of local police, with soon moved on to the Pueblo (Colo.), SEE YOU AT THE whom it trained and worked extensively Chieftain and the Rocky Mountain News in Denver. In 1950-51, he was a free- Opportunity: Army Intelligence lance magazine writer in New York spe- ASK possessed state-of-the art electronics cializing in sports. In 1952, the same ti technology and had Dr. King under con- year he married Anne Blackman, he stant surveillance. With its sophisticated moved to Texas where he freelanced for SYMPOSIUM I JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 21 I HAUNTING MEMORIES... Ron Lewis

The following account is from Ron Lewis' fascinating new book Flash- back Ron Lewis, a close personal friend of Lee Harvey Oswald, fills in the missing blanks of the character and mo- tivation behind one of the most mysteri- ous personalities in modem history. Mr. Lewis' revelations will both shock and intrigue you. Through personal ac- counts the author will take you from the birth of the conspiracy to its infamous fulfillment and cover-up.

"In August 1963 I was informed Ron Lewis signing his book FLASHBACK that President Kennedy was going to be assassinated. Yes. I had prior knowl- Oswald! Why should I tell the whole involved. They were afraid that my con- edge of the tragedy, but failed to give it nection to the alleged assassin or con- the attention required in time to save his world about it? My life was semiprivate and I liked it that way. I enjoyed in- spirators would discredit our family in a life. This is something I have lived with way that could never be reversed, if it for three decades. It has staved with me dulging in many of the small pleasures that most people take for granted, such became common knowledge. When 1 continually, tormenting me day in and finally came out of hiding and returned day out, a constant reminder of the part as going to the local cafe every morning for coffee. I had few friends, but I ap- to Oregon in 1972, my family was I played in the assassination of John F. shocked and overjoyed! They hadn't Kennedy, by remaining silent when I preciated the ones 1 had and enjoyed their company. Simple things I found heard from me for ten years and most of should have spoken up. The tragic con- them had long ago given me up for sequence of my negligence hit me like a pleasurable, such as taking a walk in the rain, or feeling the warmth from the dead; and now, like a miracle, I had re- ton of bricks on November 22, 1963. as I turned! I was accompanied by my two listened to radio reports of the assassina- sun. I was afraid I would be deprived of pleasures such as these if I told my young sons Kenneth and Delbert Lee, tion. I was horrified! I had procrasti- who were born while I lived in Del Rio, nated, and now it was too late. Kennedy story. I treasured my freedom, and had made a clean break from everything Texas. It seemed like a dream that after was dead! Oh. why hadn't I spoken up so many years 1 was home at last! The when it might have done some good? connected to the assassination, which was truly a remarkable accomplishment first day after arriving my family and I Why didn't I tell someone about the plot had a lot of catching up to do. One mat- to assassinate him before it happened? I considering how deeply I was involved. Little did I know of the skepticism I ter of concern was that we all wanted to knew the men who had conspired to kill would meet when I finally decided to re- know for sure what risks were involved the president, and perhaps I could have in my return. After all, I had known informed the proper authorities of the veal what I knew! Why change all of that now? I had distanced myself from Lee Harvey Oswald, the accused assas- conspiracy in time to save his life. But I the incident, a mental process that sin of the president, and my name was guess I just never thought it would really worked. I realize now that I was afraid linked to his in the Banister files! My happen. The justification that made it to remember, thus, certain deep, dark fears of being discovered dominated all possible to live with this secret for so secrets almost remained locked away my thoughts, and my family was afraid I many years without revealing it. was would be arrested. Frankly, I didn't that I had convinced myself there was forever in the recesses of my mind. What circumstances could cause a man know what to expect. but now that 1 was nothing I could do about it now. The at home, it was important to know if I president was dead and if I revealed to come close to taking such monumen- tal secrets with him to the grave? Cau- were a suspect in the assassination. Af- what I knew, I would no doubt be killed• ter reflecting on the matter. my two too, along with dozens of others who tiously, I shared the information with friends and relatives, who advised me to brothers. Delbert and Ewart, came up were in some way connected with the with a plan. The three of us drove to assassination. I had known Lee Harvey keep my mouth shut and not.. get JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 22 I

I downtown Roseburg, and they went into and publishers who were weary of sto- the Douglas County Sheriffs Depart- ries dealing with the assassination. It Our instrument and our hope ment to see what they could find out. was too late! I had missed the deadline! is the United Nations, and I see Delbert, who bore a strong resemblance In 1963, when any information concern- little merit in the impatience of to me, pretended to be me and told them ing the assassination witnesses was those who would abandon this im- he was wanted by the FBI, which was brought before the public, there wasn't perfect world instrument because his way of probing to see if I was on the the media resistance experienced today. they dislike our imperfect world. wanted list. He did this on his own ini- I didn't anticipate skepticism. If I had I For the troubles of a world orga- tiative. figuring that if he was arrested, am sure I would have told my story be- nization merely reflect the troubles he could eventually prove who he was. fore the present era when a person's of the world itself. And if the or- and be released. In that case, I would word., as a rule, could be relied upon. ganization is weakened, these have gone back into hiding, leaving my Since a lie seems to be. for the most troubles can only in crease. children with my family. While I part, more widely accepted today than This is our guide for the pres- waited in the car, all sorts of things the truth, the people have become skep- ent and our vision for the future: a flashed through my mind. "What if fm tical. They have no way of knowing for free community of nations, inde- on the list and have to continue living as sure if a story is factual or if it's just pendent but interdependent, unit- a fugitive?" I worried. "Could l ever re- another false account, written by an au- ing north and south, east and west, turn to such an existence?" When my thor hoping to gain recognition or bene- in one great family of man. out- brothers returned, I was relieved to find fit financially, or whatever the motive growing and transcending the out I was not on the wanted list. In time might be. No matter how the populace hates and fears that rend our age. I resumed a normal life, to the extent responds to my story, it must be re- We will not reach that goal possible, and made every effort to put corded as a valuable addition to the ex- today or tomorrow. We may not the past behind me. When I first began isting record. reach it in our own lifetime. But toying with the idea of writing a book, I the quest is the greatest adventure found that public interest in the assas- of our century. JFK 1962 sination had diminished considerably since 1963. Some of the obstacles I was PEACE confronted with were the news media

WHO KILLED KENNEDY? T-SHIRT MD T-shirt depicts artist's rendering of "fatal shot" frame from the Zapruder film. IMO "Truth" inscription from the CIA headquarters building in Langley, VA printed on the back. MP Silkscreened on heavy-gauge, high quality . ,, t 50/50 Tee. • _ l=1. Limited Edition; Black on white only. Circle size: mod large X-large ..,k, -:-.4-.. Send name, address, and $11.00 (check or money 'Ilk--._' order only) to: ADVANCED P.O. BOX 1634 Newport Beach, CA 92663 Make all checks payable to ADVANCED. 23 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS When told of this comment by re- Assistant Superintendent. Dayries, porters, Banister responded, "Mr. Kohn NEW ORLEANS AND (Col. Dayries died of a heart attack on doesn't know any more than 1 do about May 15, 1964, in the middle of the War- what authority have. The future will THE CONSPIRACY: ren Commission investigation, on his REVISITED develop that." It certainly did. way to speak at a Louisiana Civil Ser- Banister was walking into a very vice League luncheon. He parked his BY: CLAUDE B. SLATON tough situation. The Police Department car in a public parking garage down- of New Orleans was notoriously corrupt, town and then collapsed. The first per- Another, deeper look at some of the prompting the formation of a citizen's son to find him and attempt to committee to investigate the city's gov- residents of New Orleans during the two resuscitate him was Maj. Presley J. decades prior to the assassination of ernment led by former FBI agent Aaron Trosclair. chief of the police intelligence Kohn. Indictments came now and then, President Kennedy reveals activities and unit No doubt the autopsy was per- associations that may have had a bear- and sometimes even convictions, but the formed by the office of Dr. Chetta.) frustration of the few honest cops was at ing on the development of the New Or- Maj. Albert Blancher. supervisor of the leans conspiracy. an all time high. There was even an in- training school, was appointed police cident in November, 1954, where a po- My previous article concentrated on night supervisor, a post vacant since the William , the powerful in- licement coming off the night shift put dismissal of Maj. Henry Clark the year two bullets through the police station telligence agent in New Orleans. This before following indictment on a charge article is in some ways a supplement to clock. The department simply said the of perjury. Maj. Dayries had been ap- officer "was deeply disturbed". Not long that article, and also contains correc- pointed the year before, also. tions and amplifications of certain after that, the public was treated to the Guy Banister accepted the position comic spectacle of a mini-riot in one sta- events mentioned previously, but it ex- at a salary of $9,000 per year. and was pands to encompass others who later tion house. where the police were at- due to arrive on a plane from Chicago tacked by some arrested prostitutes with proved to be connected in various ways on Friday evening, January 14. 1955. to the conspiracy to murder the shoes and radios. Through all of this, By midnight he still had not arrived, but Aaron Kohn and the citizen's committee president. made it into New Orleans sometime in Banister's career with the New Or- made frequent announcements of police the early hours of Saturday morning, in corruption by , "the leans Police Department began with his time for his swearing-in ceremony that retirement from the FBI office in Chica- racketeers". They believed Mayor de- 31, 1954. Immediately, day. Present in the Police Superinten- Lesseps Morrison was sympathetic to or- go on December dent's office for the oath was Mayor Banister was contacted by Mayor deLes- ganized crime, as well as most of the Morrison, Assistant Superintendent police department. With all these things seps S. Morrison to come to New Or- in Dayries, City Councilman James E. going on, and reported almost daily leans and in the Mayor's words. "...have Fitzmorris, Jr., (head of the city's police supervision over all investigations by the the town's newspapers, the public could and fire committee), Fred Dykhuizen, not have had a very high opinion of the police department and the police bureau member of the police advisory board, of investigation, (and] will be in charge police and the hiring of Guy Banister and "several ranking officers in the de- was designed to improve the police de- of training and the operation of the po- partment". Also present were Mr. & brother partment and alleviate public fears (not lice school, and will maintain liaison Mrs. D. Ross Banister, Guy's with federal law enforcement agencies necessarily in that order). At first, it and sister-in-law from Baton Rouge. seemed to work. [Banister] also would be of assistance Guy Banister's wife, Mary Wortham, to the district attourney and to the grand An example, published in the New and their daughter, Mary Jane. were still Orleans newspapers, of the corruption in jurY." in Chicago. The post offered the former FBI the area involved several persons who Banister emerged from a closed were later to become important assas- Special Agent in Charge was officially On meeting with top city officials after the sination conspiracy characters. titled "Secretary of the Police Depart- ceremony to announce to the press, "I'm ment" to get around a civil service re- January. 17. 1955, testimony in a brib- home now." ery trial taking place in Baton Rouge quirement that there only be three Former FBI agent and chief investi- implicated Carlos Marcello (". . . noto- non-civil service police department ap- gator for the SCIC and later Conunis- pointed positions. At the time of the rious Gretna racketeer . . .") Even at sioner of the Metropolitan Crime this early date, Marcello was known hiring of Banister, the Police Superin- Commission, Aaron M. Kohn, approved tendent was Joseph L. Scheuering, who even in the newspapers as a criminal of the choice of Banister but questioned character. while the FBI office in New was officially in an "acting" capacity his ability ". . . to put his talents to most due to a report by the Special Citizen's Orleans was still taking the position that effective use in the training school post Marcello was just "a tomato salesman". Investigating Committee (SCIC) critical assigned to him." of Scheuering. and Col. Provosty 24 DATELINE: DALLAS JFK met with Ray in both Montreal and jail would endanger Boteler's health." New Orleans." The House Select Com- State Police Major Aaron Edgecombe The five year sentence for the gambler mittee "performed a thorough back- had been working undercover in a brib- was reduced to five year's probation. ground check of Kimble." Who did they ery case when he was approached by The interesting thing about Dr. Lu- check with? (1) " . .Files from the of- Horace Perez , of 4446 Spain St., New cas A. Dileo is that his name is men- fice of Jim Garrison, New Orleans dis- Orleans. During the "sting", Perez told tioned in connection with the House trict attorney in 1968. . ." and Edgecombe that he had attempted to get Select Committee on assassinations in- (2) ". . .JOSEPH OSTER. A FOR- Marcello to bankroll his (Perez's) gam- vestigation of 1979, not in reference to MER INVESTIGATOR FOR THE bling operation at Luke and Terry's the assassination of President Kennedy, LOUISIANA LABOR MANAGEMENT THE Club in Jefferson Parish, La. Perez was but in the investigation of the New Or- COMMISSION OF INQUIRY ." [emphasis arrested after he made two $500 pay- leans activities of James Earl Ray, who FBI, AND THE CIA ments to Edgecombe to warn him if his pled guilty to the murder of DR. MAR- added]. This puts another CIA man in gambling joint was about to be raided by TIN LUTHER KINGI the office of Guy Banister! the State Police. The "go-between" for The FBI investigated Dr. Dileo had been accused of the bribe, according to sworn testimo- (briefly) because he Additional research on Guy Banis- ney, was John M. "Moose" Murret of meeting with Ray, one of Ray's friends, ter has turned up more names associated 3417 Ibervilllle St., N.O., the brother of Charles Stein, Salvadore "Sam" DiPiaz- with his activities in New Orleans. The Charles F. "Dutz" Murrett, Lee Oswald's za, and Salvadore LaCharda at either City Directory for New Orleans for 1959 uncle. During the trial Maj. Edgecome the Town and Country Motel around ". . .he had seen Marcel- has the following listing: testified that December 17, 1967. Investigation by The Herald lo, Perez and (John 1v1.1 Murret togehter the House Select Committee on assas- Banister, Guy pies that night at a Thibodeaux restaurant." sinations revealed that DiPiazza was a [resides) New Orleans, La. The Perez stated he had attempted to get major gambler and bookmaker in the Banister, Mary W. Mrs. v-pres Marcello to finance the gambling opera- Marcella organization and LaCharda Herald [resides) New Orleans, La. tion, ". .but that Marcella "pulled out" was a former probation officer in the St. after state police Supt. Francis C. Gre- Bernard Parish Sherriffs office who An ad in the same edition states: vemberg suggested setting up a "little committed suicide three months after Kefauver committee in Louisiana". the King assassination. The Herald In another bribery trial taking place Dr. Nicholas Chena. of course, was Guy Banister, Pres-publisher in Baton Rouge (January 15, 1955, also coroner of New Orleans during the Gar- Mary W. Banister, V-Pies the result of Maj. Edgecombe's under- rison investigation, whose office per- Joseph A. Oster, Sec-Treas & Associate cover work) , J. Earl Boteler, an Arabi formed the autopsies on Guy Banister Publisher cafe owner, had already pled guilty to and . J.G. Brady, Jr., Editor public bribery. He was sentenced to five Norman H. Lehare, Business Mgr years in prison, and the hearing reported Ken Weaver, Advertising Mgr in the paper was in connection with a In my last article. I asked the ques- Gus White, Jr., Mech Supt request by the defence for a !eduction in tion. "Who was Joseph A. Oster?" The 535 LaFayette, Gretna Boteler's sentence due to his ill health. reason f was interested is that Oster was Telephone Forest 1-9139 Boteler's defence attorney was G. Wray listed as the secretary-treasurer of Guy Gill, already well documented to be tied Banister and Associates in 1960. Fur- From this it is plain that BanisterThe to Carlos Marcella, who placed on the ther research has uncovered some very During the was publishing a newspaper called stand Dr. Lucas A. Dileo. a physician interesting information. Herald in Gretna. La,. (Marcello's home from Chalmette (not to be confused with House Select Committee investigation territory), with Oster again prominently the respected doctor of the same name of the Kennedy and King murders, the involved. Given Oster and Banister's who practiced in downtown New Or- committee explored various allegations connection with the FBI and CIA, this leans in 1989). Dr. Dileo stated on the concerning James Earl Ray and a possi- raises the question, what was the theme stand that Boteler had a heart condition ble conspiracy to murder Dr. King in- and/or purpose of this paper? Who were and had been under his care for about volving organized crime in New these others connected to Banister's two years. The next witness for the de- Orleans. One of these allegations con- mysterious operations? fence was Dr. Nicholas J. Chena, Or- cerns Jules Ricco Kimble. A 1968 ar- leans Parish Coroner, who examined the ticle published in theToronto Star stated 52 year old defendant at the request of that Kimble was a possible conspirator the court and also found that Boteler had with Ray in 1967, "Kimble, a member a hear ailment. "Both physicians ex- of the right-wing minutemen . . had pressed the opinion that confinement in JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 25 parish of Jefferson had tripled over the CARLOS MARCELLO 1961 - Deponed to . Re- previous year, to $250,000. turned in two months. In their efforts to halt gambling in (1910-1993) Jefferson Parish, voters had already ousted two sheriffs closely allied to gam- By Robert T. Johnson 1969 - Imprisoned six months for assaulting FBI agent. bling interests. But in 1961, their most recent replacement Sheriff John "Jack" Carlos Marcello. the short, stocky, Fitzgerald was coming under suspicion reticent self described "tomato sales- 1979 - Blakey of HSCA told of wiretap on Marcello. himself for harboring illegal gambling man" died in his home in Metairie, establishments. Louisiana on Tuesday, March 2, 1993 Nothing it seemed - not the U.S. after a long illness. He was 83 years 1981 - Convicted in Federal Brilab investigation of offering bribes and Senate. the courts. the Justice Depart- old. Although the exact cause of death ment_ nor the polling booths - could wasn't announced. Mr. Marcello had separately conspiring to bribe a Federal judge. clean up a parish like Jefferson. Noth- suffered from Alzheimer's disease for ing but the banishment of its most several years. 1989 - Brilab conviction over- troublesome resident_ Carlos Marcello. Since 1954, when Marcello lost his Although he was never charged turned, Marcello released from prison after serving six years. hard fought Supreme Court battle with the crime, Mr. Marcello was often against deportation, the Justice Depart- referred to as one of the major people re- ment's Immigration and Naturalization sponsible for the death of John F. Ken- Service had been trying to ship the gam- nedy. There are various books that bling boss out of town and country. The detail his life and history in organized FRONI .111E %RCM 1.‘. government's case was based on a 1952 crime and suspicions of his involvement provision of the McCarran Act, which in the JFK assassination, but the one allowed deportation of any alien con- that stands out is Mafia Kingfish - by victed on marijuana-related charges. John H. Davis. This book is highly rec- We're reprinting two articles of impor- Court decrees had established that ommended by the JFK-AIC to give stu- tance pertaining to Carlos Marcello. deportation should be considered pun- dents of the assassination their most The first pertains to Mr. Marcello's ishment for civil, not criminal. miscon- informative view of this reserved but deportation to Guatemala which some duct. Hence, ex post facto objections most powerful man. scholars believe increased his hatred again basing Marcello's deportation on a for the Kennedy brothers. The second marijuana conviction handed down The following is a brief history of briefly covers the HSCA learning of more than 12 years before the fact would Mr. Marcello over the years: not apply. Retroactive punishment. in other words, was just, the courts 1910 - Born Calogero Minecoi to decided. Sicilian parents. Came to U.S. as an THE DAY ROBERT But the government's otherwise air- infant. tight case was complicated by another KENNEDY factor: where was the illegal alien to be 1930 - Imprisoned four years for car KIDNAPPED THE sent? theft and planning a grocery store Born of Sicilian parents in Tunis, robbery. LOUISIANA Africa - then a part of the French gov- ernment, Marcello's true citizenship was 1938 - Imprisoned for a year for GODFATHER ... very much in doubt. France, unlike selling marijuana to a federal agent. By Mike Graugnard America. does not automatically grant citizenship to infants born on its soil. 1939 - Began movement into illegal And even today, the Italian courts are gambling in Jefferson Parish, La. "Deportation is a drastic measure and at times equivalent of banishment litigating over Marcello's citizenship there. Neither France nor Italy has been 1947 - Reportedly took over orga- or exile." eager to accept Marcello as a favorite nized crime in New Orleans. Costello v. Immigration Service son. And Marcello's attorneys have so far used that reluctance to effectively 1951 - Repeatedly took fifth amend- forestall their client's deportation. ment before Kefauver Senate Hearings In 1961, handbook operations alone into organized crime. in racketeer Carlos Marcello's home JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 26

On April 4, 1961 - when he left his government officials at Marcello's direc- In any case, only days after his ear- Metairie home to appear before im- tive - and after a tour of village churches lier statement to the Guatemalan press, migration authorities, as he had been or- scattered across the Guatemalan coun- Marcella made an about-face, claiming dered to do over three months - Carlos tryside - found just what he was looking Tunis once again as his place of birth. Marcello had no reason to expect his for, a bapistry record with a blank space He was the victim of a foul kidnapping, lawyers would not continue baffling in its 1910 sequence. engineered by U.S. and Guatemalan of- their opponents. What the savvy alien ficials, the real forgers of the birth cer- could not have foreseen, however, was Contest to find forger tificate, Marcella told reporters. "That's the possibility of his own kidnapping. what is was," Marcello stated. "They At 12:30 p.m., as he entered the im- Here, Chandler's tale becomes even really kidnapped me. They are the best migration offices at the Masonic Tem- more colorful-with Noll holding a con- kidnappers in the world." ple, Marcella was handcuffed by border test among natives of the village, pick- patrolmen, handed papers showing his ing as winner the Indian who could Whoever forged that document, birthplace as San Jose Pilunam Guate- most closely imitate the handwriting in- U.S. officials certainly knew beforehand mala. whisked to Moisant Airport, ush- scribed in the baptistry record, and pay- that Marcello's Guatemalan citizenship ered aboard a waiting plane, and flown ing the forger $100 to write into the was fraudulent. According to Wasser- to Central America. record the name "Caloger Minacore." man, the forged certificate somehow The Guatemala operations, orches- But U.S. agents apparently learned found its way from Guatemala to the of- trated by the immigration service and of the forged document before Marcella fices of the Italian consul in New Or- ordered by the nation's chief law en- was ready to reveal it and they used the leans. Anxious for proof that Marcella forcement officer. Attorney General forgery to ship him to Central America. was no Italian, the consul rushed the Robert Kennedy, were damned as noth- As Waysennan tells the story, how- document to Rome, where it was handed ing less than "Gestapo tactics" by Mar- ever, once Noll arrived in Guatemala, he over the Frankfort's U.S. immigration cello's immigration attorney, Jack flagrantly misrepresented Marcello's in- director, who had flown to Rome to col- Wasserman. structions. Noll had been hired to buy lect it. Wasserman told the Courier last nothing more than citizenship papers, From there the director flew with week, "I had personally considered su- not proof of birth there, said Wasser- the paper to Washington. "Then he took ing (Kennedy and the immigration com- man. "He's the kind of guy who if you'd it to Guatemala." claims Wasserman, missioner for damages). There's no ask to do something, he'd do it the ille- and used it to obtain a re-entry permit question about it. They knew Marcella gal way, even if there is a legal way." for a man who had never been there. had not been born in Guatemala. And As Wasserman remembers the incident, While Wasserman - and the Ameri- whether the term "kidnapping" is de- the forgery was executed in a civil regis- can Civil Liberties Union - were fight- scriptive or not. I'd call it that. try, not in the baptistry records of a vil- ing Kennedy in the American Courts, Only hours after he landed, howev- lage church. Wasserman, who once Marcello's presence in Guatemala was er, Marcella had apparently grown quite visited "that Godforsaken, two-house" about to stir up an international inci- used to his new surroundings. Situated village himself, recalls that "they even dent. His well-publicized visit to a local comfortably in plush hotel quarters. gave Carlos a (fictitious) godfather, Ro- race track and his meeting with a Guate- Marcella informed increasingly con- dolfo Batres." malan slot machine-operator were fused newsmen that indeed he had been Whichever story is more accurate, enough to draw fire from local newspa- born in Guatemala, "in the month of Chandler's or Wasserman's, the forged pers. But when Miguel Fuentest asked March." certificate shows that on June 2, 1910 the American Society of Travel Agents, The key to that mysterious discrep- Luigia Farrugia gave birth to one "Ca- convening at the time in Guatemala ancy lay with Carl Noll, alias "Mr. loger Minacore" in the village of Palo City, whether legalized gambling might Franks," a man with a hefty record of Blanco, just outside San Jose, Piluna. not increase his country's tourist trade, criminal convictions with high Guate- That the June 2 birthdate does not the Guatemalan Congress reacted in malan officials. With enough cash, Noll coincide with Marcello's claim that he outrage. On May 4, government offi- convinced Marcell°, he could easily buy was born there in March is no surprise. cials ended the crisis and flew Marcello citizenship papers in as poor a country The Guatemalan travel permit U.S. and his aide, attorney Michael Maroun, as Guatemala. The papers would be Agents handed Marcella before dump- to the border of El Salvador. kept in the wings. and brought out only ing him there listed a birthday of Febni- in the event deportation seemed ary 6. Bay of Pigs distracted imminent. As reporter David Chandler relates Best kidnappers For days, the whereabouts of Mar- it., Noll flew to Guatemala, bribed cello were unknown. It was the month JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 27 Demands that records pertaining to of the Bay of Pigs, so newspaper atten- MAN SAYS tion was turned to Cuba, away from the the assassination be made public have jungles of El Salvador. A month later, MOBSTER grown since the movie JFK opening. In the movie, director Oliver Stone pres- Marcello emerged from his Metairie ALLEGEDLY CITED home and surrendered to federal agents. ents a case that Mr. Kennedy was killed elements of the military-industrial The artful dodger was quickly slapped JFK MURDER TIE ... by complex and government agencies be- behind bars. cause he wanted to withdraw from Viet- Once out of prison again. Marcello Newsday January 25. 1992 continued his successful fight against nam and end the Cold War. While saying there was a probabili- deportation. And Wasserman, who has WASHINGTON - In 1979, a few ty that Mr. Kennedy was killed as part represented Marcello for 22 years, is months after the House Select Commit- of a conspiracy, the House panel 13 reasonably certain that Marcello will tee on Assassinations had completed its years ago said that any conspiracy prob- continue living in Metairie. "Marcello work, its former chief counsel was told ably had organized crime roots. has formally renounced his Italian citi- by a law enforcement source that the Mr. Blakey said that a few months zenship," Wasserman reminded the FBI had wiretaps on which a New Or- after the committee was disbanded, a Courier. "And in Italy," where litiga- leans mob leader talked about his role in law enforcement source told him of FBI tion continues over Marcello's citizen- the assassination of President John F. tapes that quoted New Orleans mob boss ship, said Wasserman, "the courts move Kennedy. Carlos Marcello as making remarks that very slowly. It takes years to get any- "My first reaction was, 'Hey why the source said could be taken as self in- thing done there." weren't we told this when the committee criminating. The source did not provide As matters stand now, Wasserman was in existence?' " Robert Blakey re- details. he said. is seeking, before Judge Jack Gordon's called Wednesday. "I was told by the "I asked a contact to review the ta- U.S. District Court, a review of the latest FBI that the tapes were part of an exist- pes," Mr. Blakey said, adding that, like decision of the immigration board of ing federal undercover inquiry called so many avenues pursued during the appeals. Brilab. and they were off limits to us." committee's investigation. this one pro- "Marcello is a fellow who had only Wednesday, Mr. Blakey and the duced conflicting information. "The a fifth-grade education." claims Wasser- House committee's former chairman. contact came back and said, 'I listened to man the leading immigration lawyer in Rep. Louis Stokes, D-Ohio, called on them. It's not all that bad.' With the the country and a cum laude graduate of the Justice Department to move in court committee disbanded, there was no- the Harvard Law School. "but he's got to have those tapes - which remain where to go." a lot of native intelligence and a lot of sealed in U.S. District Court in New Or- political savvy." leans - made public. Distributed by Los Angeles Times- Wasserman's client has more than a Also Wednesday, Rep. Henry B. Washington Post News Service. fifth-graders knowledge of geography, Gonzalez, D-San Antonio, introduced a too_ How Marcello found his way resolution to have all Select Committee Sources: Claude B. Slaton, The through jungle and underbrush back files collected during its two-year inves- Times-Picaaayune - New Orleans, La., home in New Orleans suburbs remains a tigation of the Kennedy assassination Dallas Morning News, Newsday, Dallas mystery. One account follows him into opened to the public. They are sched- Public Library, Iconoclast - Dallas, Honduras, where he and Shreveport at- uled to be sealed until the next century. Texas. torney Maroun, his companion journey- man, boarded a shrimping boat for the trip home. But the only man to accompany Marcello on the long trek, Maroun, re- CASE FOR CONSPIRACr fused to recount the adventure for the A NEW VIDEO PRODUCTION FROM Courier. "Carlos and 1." Maroun said last week. "are looking to publish a book ROBERT 1 GRODEN on all that. We're looking around for a ghost writer now. We been talking 'bout Featuring the films of November 22, 1963 just that for years." and the medical evidence.... 1 Hr 45mins. • ICONOCLAST Dallas, Texas $27.95 October 22, 1976 ORDER NOW FROM THE JFK7MC...SURE 70 BE A COLLECTOR'S nut JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 28 I

hours of March 15th, 1967. It was a Kennedy grave site will be completed in THE EXHUMATION military operation, conducted by the late October or early November 1966... AND REINTERMENT Army, using their standard operational and recommends that any dedication or procedures, beginning when the ceme- ceremony in connection with the OF JFK tery closed at 7 p.m., and concluded ear- completion of the new grave site be ly the next morning when the held... after Veterans Day and prior to By William E. Kelly landscaping was complete. After a short the anniversary date of the death of 20 minute ceremony, in which both the President Kennedy." Imagine This: While a sitting Kennedy family and President Johnson On March 1, 1967, General Coun- grand jury evaluates evidence of con- participated, the cemetery was reopened sel Alfred B. Fitt sent a memo to the spiracy in the ascassination of President to the public. Secretary of the General Staff regarding John F. Kennedy, and considers exhum- Every minute of the event is fully "views about appropriate security ar- ing his body for a proper autopsy, a documented, witnesses remember the rangements in connection with President military operation takes place. moment, the media belatedly reported its Kennedy's reinterment." In strict secrecy and under cover of occurrence, but the significance of the In a Memorandum For Record darkness, the Arlington Memorial event has never been fully analyzed. dated March 2, 1967, Lt. Col. GS James Bridge is closed by a U.S. Army road There is no mention of an autopsy R Mason, Acting Chief, Ceremonies block. Reporters who take notice are re- and Special Events de- fused passage. and one tailed the minutes of a who tries is apprehended, meeting held in his office but not before learning that concerning the reinter- Arlington National Ceme- merit, which "is to take tery is sealed under armed place during the month of guard. Additional military March, 1967." units are called out for in- Attending were Col. creased security and Presi- Browning, Col. Marcus, dent John F. Kennedy's Lt. Col. Wolaver, Mr. grave is cordoned off by a Mettler, Capt. Day, Lt. contingent of soldiers. Col. Mason and Maj. Under the illumina- Bloomfield. tion of bright, portable They meet on the fol- floodlights, the "eternal among the recently released documents, lowing assumptions: flame" is doused and a bulldozer digs up nor any references to Jim Garrison's in- "That the reinterment will take place turf and dirt at the grave of President vestigation in New Orleans, which was sometime between March 1 and 15, John F. Kennedy. Once the crypt is ex- taking place at they very same time. 1967, that the actual reinterment will posed. the crane of a tractor is lowered In addition, adding intrigue to an take place following the closing of Ar- and attached to the cement container already mystifying series of circum- lington National Cemetery to the gener- and the body of the 35th president of the stances. the official photographs, all 64 al public (after 1730 hours), that no United States is lifted into the air. Two of them are missing, and it has never media, i.e.. press, radio, television, or photographers. one from the U.S. Army been adequately explained why the re- photographers will be allowed to view and the other from the Kennedy family interment took place at all. the reinterment, that the reinterment snap pictures as the coffin and crypt are The story of the reinterment of will be done on an informal basis with moved and then reinterred. President Kennedy is documented in of- no ceremony, and that the commanding After landscaping is complete the ficial reports obtained through the Free- General, Military District of Washing- next morning, the "eternal" flame is relit dom of Information and Privacy Act by ton (MDW), will be responsible for the during a brief ceremony, the cemetery is Ohio researcher Kenneth Formet. security of the gravesite." then reopened to the public without any The earliest dated document, a At that meeting they decided to or- fanfare, and those who make the pil- Memorandum for the Chief of Support der the security of Arlington National grimage to the grave that morning are Services, Department of the Army, dated Cemetery prior to 1600 hours on the day unaware that the president's body was August 3, 1966, notes: "Subject: Re- of the reinterment, that the security will dug up and reburied without any prior location of Kennedy Grave." be e with as little fanfare as possible so notice to the press or public. This memo, from Col. Albert H. as not to attract undue public attention_ Can you imagine that? Smith, Jr. Deputy Secretary of the Gen- that the general public will be clear of Well it already happened, on the eral Staff, indicates "that work on a new the cemetery prior to the establishment night of March 14th and early morning ailialigli=1210kiaxammassassaamaskamumamwmi

29 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS in Arlington B. ...that the reinterment be 1700 hours - Al] gates of a security perimeter around the grave- National Cemetery are secured to in- witnessed by disinterested persons out- site and that the MDW Command Post coming traffic ... 1st Battalion. 3rd, In- at the Guard Post but side the sphere of the Department of De- will be located fantry will post traffic control points ... fense or the government. This type of near the Kennedy gravesite. to assist in directing flow• of the public This memo delineated responsibili- witness would serve to satisfy the American public that in fact the reinter- out. ties for the Arlington National Ceme- 1075 - Troops arrive at an assembly ment was made and any rumors to the tery, the Commanding Officer of the 1st area...and remain aboard transportation contrary were null and void. A source Battalion. 3rd Infantry, and the Provost awaiting orders to establish a perimeter of such witnesses would be a small pool Marshall. The Cemetery was responsi- around the Kennedy gravesite. of official press that could view the re- ble for the overall reinterment, 1720 - The MDW - Military Dist. of coordination of engineers and to the interment from the Ellipse on the Ken- nedy- gravesite. Washington will establish a Command Kennedy: family and their representa- Post at the Guard House near the Ken- tives, clergy, etc. The Commanding Of- nedy gravesite. Radio communication ficer was to provide traffic control. C. ...that if the reinterment is open to the press or to the general public that will be established. security of the entire area and "be pre- 1725 - Troops will secure the im- the security plan as outlined in this pared to turn over to the Provost Mar- mediate area surrounding the gravesite. memorandum would be implemented shall or Park Police any unauthorized 1730 - Arlington National Cemetery with the general public remaining be- person entering the restricted area." is secured of all unauthorized personnel. hind the outer perimeter and the press This officer was also to provide escort All gates are closed, troops secure the confined to a specific area within" vehicles for authorized personnel, to perimeter around the Kennedy' gravesite On March 4, 1967, the General maintain a fifty-man troop reserve that and not allow unauthorized personnel to Council wrote a handwritten letter not- could be committed on a short notice, An escort vehicle is position ing that, "Secretary McNamara wants an enter. and to provide additional support for the near the Command Post. hour by hour detailed schedule of how Project Engineer, if needed. 1745 - The security perimeter is es- we expect to carry out the reinterment of The Provost Marshall was to tablished. the contractor will remove the coordinate the clearing of the cemetery. President Kennedy... this schedule should cover not only the troop partici- white picket fence. the eternal flame ap- provide a mobile patrol to assist in the paratus, the chain, caps and the two security and to provide a military police pation but also the actual reinterment and follow-up work by the contractor granite headstones. All such accouter- car with a radio at the Command Post. ments will be turned over to the Super- and cemetery personnel. He also wants The general guidelines were estab- intendent of the Arlington National lished: "Only key personnel should be to know exactly what the Catholic Chaplain will do, what words he will Cemetery to be secured in the Cemetery briefed prior to notification to imple- warehouse for delivery to the White use, etc.... if out of a Catholic book, he ment the security plan on the reinter- House Curator for eventual disposition ment at the Kennedy gravesite, only wants a copy of the book with the proper pages marked." to the John F. Kennedy Library. those personnel that have a specific job 1815 - Backhoe tractor moves into Two days later, Maj. Gen. Curtis J. will be allowed to remain in the area, position at the head of the temporary Herrick, responded with a detailed and any official who arrives after the grave. Earth will be removed from the schedule that. "... represented the best cemetery has been secured will be di- top of the President's vault... Four tem- time estimates of the events that will rected to the Memorial Gate...Thc Com- porary floodlights are spotted near the take place on the date of rcinterment." mand Post will make the decision on gravesite for activation and use when The schedule of events. President granting permission for that individual darkness arrives. John F. Kennedy Reinterment, includes to enter. 1900 - Vault for President Kennedy a time in military house, activities and This memo also makes the follow- is lifted and transferred to new ing recommendations: lists those responsible for the activities. At 1500 hours - An alert received gravesite. 1930 - Vault containing remains of from the Dept. of Army to implement A. "... that official photographs be infant son lifted and transferred to new made of the reinterment. These photo- plans on the reinterment of President Kennedy. All participants will be gravesite. graphs would provide a historical re- 2000 - Container (wooden) for in- cord that would be valuable to the alerted. 1630 hours - Wilbert Gault Compa- fant daughter lifted and placed in se- national interest_ The film should be lected concrete vault and transferred to classified and handled with utmost ny crane, trucks, equipment and crew will be at the Kennedy gravesite and new gravesite. care. 2030 - Chaplain Lt. Col. John F. held in readiness in construction access Glynn, Senior Catholic Chaplain_ Fort corridor. JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 30

Meyer. will intone the traditional pray- arrive shortly thereafter and a backhoe arrival of the President, who arrived at ers of blessing in accordance with the began to remove earth from the grave- 0657. ritual of the Catholic Church, , . . ac- site. At 1826 Major Stoughton of the A private memorial service was companied by the blessing the sprin- Army Photographic Agency entered the conducted from 0700 until 0715, which kling with holy water Memorial Gate at the invitation of Sen. included a prayer service by Cardinal Vaults are backfillad with sand, Kennedy and he "took pictures for the Cushing. "Be at peace. dear Jack, with troops are released from security pe- Kennedy family." your tiny infants by your side, until we rimeter. and security for the remainder At 1827 McNamara and Kennedy' all meet again above this hill and be- of the night provided by Park Police and requested a private ceremony for the yond the stars May the good Lord grant Provost Marshal. A small military de- Kennedy family to be held at 0700 the you eternal rest and left perpetual light tachment located at the gravesite will re- following morning. At 1845 the crane shine upon you and yours." main throughout the night to offer moved into position. was attached to the The Memorandum for the Record, additional security. Kennedy son's and that was moved to an afteraction report on the reinterment 21(X) - Landscaping of old grave- the new grave. of President Kennedy notes that the site, temporary floodlights removed At 1907. after Maj. Gilbert Mitchell Army Band performed three songs, "The from site as daylight breaks, final last was briefed on the ceremony for the Navy Hymn, " "The Boys of Wexford" minute grooming and hosing of stone- Kennedy family, Sen. Ed. Kennedy. and the "National Anthem." work on areas to be opening to the Cardinal Cushing and Father McGuire This memo also reported: "Numer- public. arrived and were briefed. At 1925. the ous dignitaries having a special interest 0800 - Arlington National Cemetery Kennedy daughter's casket removed and in the reinterment were present during is opened to the public. placed in a vault and the new grave for the actual movement of the bodies and On March 7, 1967, General Coun- the daughter was enlarged. this critical operation was accomplished sel Fitt responded to the schedule. say- At 2010 hours, the crane was at- without incident.. and the entire opera- ing, "I want to be assured that the tached to President Kennedy's vault. tion was carried out with little noise, vehicles mentioned at 1630 of the sched- McNamara departed the gravesite at confusion or delay. The anticipated uled do not bear identifying markings... 2015. one minute before the crane schedule of events was closely followed and an Army photographer should be moved Kennedy's vault. It was lowered and each occurrence was met within a present and active from 1700 until the into the new vault at 2020. The crane few minutes. The only major change in event is complete. One set of prints only then moved the daughter's vault to its schedule was that the children's con- is to be made, and all prints and nega- new grave. At 2028 Cardinal Cushing tainers were moved to the new grave tives should be delivered to me the fol- gave prayers over the three graves and first,.. Mrs. Kennedy indicated through lowing day in a sealed package, together was briefed on the ceremony for the Mrs. Mellon to Lt. Col. Charles. the with a signed statement by a general of- Kennedy family. At 2034 President Project Engineer, that she was very ficer naming every person who has had Kennedy's grave was covered with earth pleased with the permanent grave and access to same and conveying his per- and the Kennedy brothers departed the with the memorial service held at 0700 sonal assurance that no prints or nega- gravesite. hours on 15 March 1967." - Lt. Col. tives of the event, other than those in the Work continued on the gravesite as James Ft_ Mason. sealed package, are in existence." scheduled, with Sen. Robert Kennedy, The Kennedy family departed the The Duty Officer's Log for the his wife and Mr. Warren Billings ar- gravesite by 0730 and the security pe- Headquarters, Military District of Wash- rived at the gravesite at 2310. At 2320 rimeter and troop details dismissed at ington, Ceremonies and Special Events Mrs. John F. Kennedy and Mrs. Mellon 0732. The log was closed at 0753. Section, was activated at 1500 hours on arrived at the gravesite. All the Kenne- The next day the New York Times March 14, 1967. At 1520 Col. Reed dy family and guests departed the scene reported: "Bodies of Kennedy. Children called to implement the plan for reinter- by 2340. Are Moved To Permanent Grave. UPI ment of President John F. Kennedy and At 0210 in the morning, it was re- WASHINGTON. MARCH 14. The bo- an alert was put out. The operations ported that,. "a Washington Post report- dies of President Kennedy and his two NCO reported to the gravesite, the Wil- er had gained access to the gravesite" dead children were quietly moved abut bert Vault Company crane. trucks and and additional guards were requested. 20 feet to their permanent grave at Ar- equipment reported, and the Arlington At 0635 the U.S. Army Band arrived, lington National Cemetery late tonight. National Cemetery was closed on was briefed and placed in position. The Under cover of darkness and without schedule. Kennedy family arrived in a group at word to the public, workman raised the At 1802 the Eternal Flame on tem- 0640 and at 0645 the Secret Service ar- coffins from their previous temporary porary gravesite was put out. Secretary rived and requested that no notification site and reburied them a short distance McNamara and Sen. Robert Kennedy be given of any kind of the impending downhill in the center of the still JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 31 unfinished memorial to the slain locate the 48 photographs taken at the President." reinterment ceremony. or any clue as to Among the documents obtained by their location." Kenneth Formet is a certificate dated Kenneth Formet tracked down and March 14, 1967 from Maj. Curtis J. talked with Peter Garfield. who also Merrick who reported that, "48 Polaroid took photographs of the reinterment that prints were made and the same number night. "He's a very polite man. He took of negatives processed for permanent photos for the government and has no use." He further certified that only four copies,:" Formet said. and the nega- other officers had handled or had access tives were washed, dried, and put into to the prints, and that, "no prints or pho- an ammo type box. A general signed a tographs, taken by the MDW photo- receipt for it and he was told verbally graphic representative during the that they would go into the archives, but Kennedy' reinterment, are in existence." he didn't know which archives." On March 15, 1967. General Coun- While the search continues for the sel Alfred B. Fitt signed a receipt for a missing photos, there remains the ques- ZAPRUDER AIDE "sealed package from LTC. Maurice G. tion of why the reinterment took place at Shahrabani, Deputy Information Officer. all and why a proper, nonmilitary autop- MARILYN SITZMAN MDW , and Photo Control Officer. on sy was not conducted when the grave the event of the reinterment at the Ken- was opened and the body moved? DIES nedy gravesite on 14 March 1967." Medford Evans, in the October 15, Shahrabani certified in the same 1975 issue of The Review of the NEWS, Marilyn Sitzman, former Secretary document that the package contained 48 wrote. "One school of thought assumes to the man famous for his filming of Polaroid prints and negatives of the re- that no explanation was required. First President John F. Kennedy's assassina- interment. "and to the best of my knowl- a temporary grave, then a permanent tion, died of cancer August II, 1993 in edge there are no other prints or grave? So what? John C. Warnecke her Mesquite, Texas home. She was 53. negatives in existence of the pictures was commissioned to design a perma- taken by the MDW photographic nent memorial...(and ) it was generally The Lavfayette, Colorado native representative." thought that the original grave was per- was secretary to , In response to Formet's FOIA re- manent... It seems strange that a grave- noted for filming the assassination. Ms. quest for the 48 Polaroid prints and stone should have been designed which Sitzman witnessed the assassination and negatives, Milton H. Hamilton, the ad- required moving. the grave And.. the helped Mr. Zapruder in his filming. ministrative assistant to the Secretary of fact that the coffins were moved only The coverage was broadcast worldwide. the Army wrote, "After making a good twenty feet increases the difficulty of un- She attended the University of Col- faith effort and conducting a thorough derstanding why they were moved at orado in Boulder before moving to Dal- search of our records using methods all... I do reject the contention that the las in 1957. which can be reasonably be expected to matter was "private," it was of public produce the information requested, we interest in the fullest sense of the phrase, (Editors Note: Ms. Sitzman was a have found no records which are respon- just as the first burial was. Thus the de- frequent visitor and personal friend to sive to your request. We believe that the gree of secrecy is not reassuring." the JFK-AJC the last two years of her requested records may have been trans- As Evans points out. "the body of life. In the next issue of Dateline:Dal- ferred at some time to the National Ar- John F. Kennedy was taken out of the las. Larry Howard will detail her life chives and accordingly, we are also ground two weeks after New Orleans and give more insight on Ms. Sitzman's referring your request to that office for District Attorney Jim Garrison arrested eyewitness account.) appropriate action. This "no records" Clay Shaw on charges of complicity in finding is an initial denial of your the assassination of President Kennedy request." ... (and) the key to the mystery is in the Let us take our stand here The National Archives wrote to Bethesda autopsy, which is prima facie in this assembly of nations. suspect..." Formet that, "The records in question And let us see if we, in our are now at the Gerald R. Ford Library, "That would have been the perfect 1000 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor. MI time to do another autopsy. " reasons own time, can move the world 48109." Formet, "I would like to see the photo- to a just and lasting peace. The Gerald Ford Library responded: graphs. but they've been giving me the "A search of the MDW records failed to runaround." JFK 1963

JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 32 I This. like I said was 1964 and the My thirst for facts about the Kenne- ALL ALONG THERE magic bullet story was the "Official" dy Assassination became a conscious version. Being just 24 years old I abso- part of my daily life. I was a State Traf- HAS BEEN 4: lutely could not believe that my country fic Officer with the California Highway THE WARREN COMMISSION would ever lie to me. So I simply tied it Patrol and my profession had taught me ONLY WANTED YOU to the CE399 Magic Bullet story and how to look at an accident or a criminal TO KNOW OF I forgot about it for years. investigation through the use of an out- In 1976 I managed to read Penn line. 1 started one on the Kennedy By: J.W. Hughes Jones, Jr.'s "Forgive My Grief" series Assassination. and my interest began to blossom. I had As 1 would read information about Having just completed a book on difficulty reading because of a dyslexia the Assassination, small bits and pieces the Kennedy Assassination, called problem. It takes me longer to read began to fall out of every book, article, "Square Peg for A Round Hole," I was than most people consequently, if I interview video I put my hands on. I be- interested in finding any videos avail- didn't have to read. I wouldn't. I had to gan to collect these bits and pieces and able containing interviews of people that return the books to the library and renew they have formed the independent crimi- had witnessed the Kennedy Assassina- them 2 more times to complete the 4 nal investigation I have done on the tion For some follow-up research. Rob- books he had written. In this series of Kennedy Assassination. hence my book, ert Johnson of the Kennedy Archives in books. I came across the story of the "Square Peg for a Round Hole." Dallas put me in touch with Mark State Trooper finding the bullet as they Back to the bullets. . . 1964 I heard time researcher. Oakes, a long moved Connally. My interested was the story of the State Trooper observing I called Mark and found that he has now "locked in" due to the story I heard a bullet fall from the pant leg of Connal- quite a few interviews available on vid- some 12 years earlier. Now I had to ly. He picked it up and gave it to the eo. Mark told me he had one that in- look further. Penn Jones Jr led me to head nurse. Time element was slightly cluded Henry Wade, the former D.A. of believe that my government had lied to before 1:00 p.m. This is the last we hear Dallas, me. I still rejected that idea in 1976. or see of this bullet. (Until 1993.) Off went my check to Mark and My mind immediately became curi- 1976 1 read about Tomlinson find- within 3 days of receipt, I was sitting in ous as to whether or not this was indeed ing a bullet that fell off of a gurney front of my TV watching the video. the bullet CE399. Back to the library thought to be the one used for Connally. When it came to the Wade interview. I and I checked out the "one ton book" the He picked it up and gave it to his super- repeatedly had to stop and back up to re- Warren Report. This is the "Official visor O.P. Wright who gave it to Special view some critical areas. Then BOOM! Document" of my government and Agent Johnson. This was prior to 2:00 He dropped a bomb. Now to most re- would tell me the truth. p.m. on November 22, 1963. Johnson searchers, it may not have been a bomb Again, my reading problem caused returned to Washington with Kennedy but to me, it may as well have been a me to have to check out this book 7 on Air Force 1. The bullet given him by nuclear explosion. times to finally get through it. Now, I Wright was in Agent Johnson's pocket. In 1964 I cross trained from the was totally confused. Someone was ly- Missile Field on the Air Force into the ing and my heart told me it was the gov- 1993, I viewed a taped interview of Intelligence Field and became a photo ernment but my mind and my dedication Henry Wade. Dallas D.A. He stated that interpreter. While in tech school. l had to my country told me I was wrong in he showed up at the hospital at about an instructor that at the time was quite feeling that way. So 1 went back to the 4:00 p.m. November 22. 1963 to visit knowledgeable about the Kennedy As- library and checked out the book again his friend Governor Connally. The head sassination. One day in class we were and again and again until I had read it nurse tried to give Wade the bullet given talking and he told me the story of a the second time, When I closed the Texas State Trooper that had been pres- book on the second reading. 1 was So let us not be blind to our differ- ent and assisted in removing John Con- scared because Penn Jones Jr.'s informa- ences, but let us also direct attention to our nally from the vehicle upon their arrival tion and the Warren Report didn't fit. common interest and to the means by at Parkland. As they lifted Connally up Just so happened that during my which those differences can be resolved. to place him on the gurney, a deformed reading of the Warren Report, I saw the And if we can not end now our differences, bullet fell from his trouser leg. This was Zapruder film for the first time. I'm not at least we can make the world safe for di- the leg that has sustained the wound. versity. For, in the final analysis, our most an engineer, but my investigative abili- The Trooper picked up the bullet basic common link is that we all inhabit ties as a Police Officer and my prior and after they wheeled Connally into the this planet. We all breathe the same air . photo interpreter background convinced Emergency Room. he gave the bullet to We all cherish our children's future and we me beyond a doubt that there was a ma- the nurse, End of story as heard in are all mortal. jor problem with the Warren Report. 1964. JFK 1963 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 33 her by the State Trooper. Wade said Washington that the "missile" CE399 as shown to them and they state, under that she should give it to the police. shown them in their interview, was not oath, that the bullet is not the bullet they that of the bullet they had given Agent gave to Agent Johnson on November 22. Bullet #4. 1993, Factual evidence written in Johnson. They both testified that the 1963. Reference now to the Warren Report: On the evening of bullet they had given Agent Johnson had November 22, 1963. Andrews AFB, a much sharper point on it than the bul- This is just one example of the Agent Johnson arrived with Kennedy's let CE399 being shown them. Oops!!! many bits and pieces of information that body and he gave the bullet he had re- All of the information you have just make up my book "Square Peg for a ceived from O.P. Wright to his boss read is nothing new, Especially to the Round Hole." Soon to be published Supv. Agent Rowley. Rowley gave the members of the Warren Commission. In my opinion. the Warren Report is bullet to FBI Lab Technician Robert They knew this information in 1964 and a Document Conceived to Deceive. Frazier. Then, Rowley notified Bethes- those involved and still alive today have Those responsible for its creation should least da that a bullet had been found in Dallas known this information for 29 years. be prosecuted for may deceptions and was now in the hands of the FBI But, history has recorded that they total- of which is a violation of the public trust Lab in Virginia for investigation. ly ignored all the factual evidence that placed in them. Humes was notified at this time. did not fall into the preconceived mold. I would like to commend Larry Ho- I shooter 3 shots, two hit and one ward and Robert Johnson for the fine 1993, Factual Evidence not written missed. "The public must be convinced dedicated work they perform at the ar- in the Warren Report: On the evening that Oswald was the lone asassin." chives in Dallas. It is this type of de- of November 22. 1963, shortly after the dication and help that inspires X-ray phase of the Kennedy autopsy be- Let's recap what you have just read: researchers to stay with it and not give gan, the body was lifted so that they can up. Thanks again guys. place an X-ray plate underneath. A November 22, 1963. Parkland hos- badly deformed bullet fell from his back. pital approximately 10) p.m. Connally A DAY IN THE LIFE It was picked up by then Captain Os- and Kennedy arrive at the hospital. Jim Bishop borne and witnessed by enlisted man Connally is removed first. As they re- Custer the X-ray technician standing move him, a deformed bullet fell from his pant leg. The injured leg. The bul- About twice a week the President next to Osborne. Custer observed the and Mrs. Kennedy have personal friends let is picked up by a State Trooper and bullet, he observed Osborne give it to in to visit, sometimes for dinner and the Bullet #1. Humes and he observed Humes give it to given to the head nurse. evening. There are never more that two Agents Siebert and Oneal in the autopsy or three couples, and it is never formal. room. They called it a "missile" and November 22, 1963. Parkland Hos- Two nights earlier they had friends stop signed a receipt for it. This missile has pital approximately 2:00 p.m. A bullet by, and after dinner had a private show- disappeared. And supposedly so had the was found by the gurney presumably ing of Lawrence of Arabia in the White signed receipt. used for Connally by Mr. Tomlinson. House theater. Some years later, Harold Weisberg, He gave it to his supervisor O.P. Wright. Wright gave it to Agent Johnson. John- There are a dozens of televisions in an assassination researcher and Author the rooms around the White House, but son puts it in his pocket and returned to of "Whitewash" series, sued the Federal the president and Mrs. Kennedy seldom Government under the Freedom of In- Andrews AFB with Kennedy's body. watch TV. Neither are the children ad- formation Act and obtained some re- Johnson gives it to his supervisor dicted to it. On rainy afternoons, for ex- cords. Along with these records that Rowley, Rowley gives it to FBI lab tech ample, Mrs. Kennedy often takes both Harold received was a "receipt for a Frazier. Bullet #2. children downstairs to the little theater Missile" signed by Siebert and Oneal. and has a projectionist put on animate Harold asked to see the missile. November 22, 1963. Bethesda cartoons on. She sits and watches with them. The Archives said it didn't exist. And morgue approximately 8:00 p.m. X-ray procedures begin before the actual au- there stood Harold Weisberg with a When the President gets back to his topsy starts. The body is lifted to place signed receipt in hand. Oops!!! office, he phones Mrs. Kennedy to tell So now after all these years, Mark an x-ray plate under it and a deformed her about the eye doctor. He doesn't want Oakes provided me with a tape where bullet falls from the upper back area of the word to reach her through a seactar) District Attorney Henry Wade con- Kennedy's body. Bullet #3. or clerk lie tells her that nothing unto- firmed the existence of yet another bul- ward was found except a little eye fa- let. But it doesn't end here. Mid year 1964. Washington D.C. tigue. He will call later. when he is Mr. Tomlinson and Mr. Wright tes- hearing room. Testimony of Tomlinson ready to leave the office for the swim- ming pool. tified before the Warren Hearings in and Wright. The magic bullet CE399 is JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 34 WHAT DID MRS. MAR- innocence and had expressed her doubts Mrs. Oswald saying. "I am liable to in interviews, articles and even public name some very important people-". GUERITE OSWALD appearances so why the inordinate fuss And on page 188 Mrs. Oswald states: KNOW & WHEN DID by the Commission over her testimony? "...this could be the party involved in the SHE KNOW IT? assassination of the President-the high I would suggest that there were two officials I am speaking of. I cannot pin compelling reasons for the Commis- it down to one sentence. gentlemen." sion's interest: first, there was Mrs. A few pages later the Warren Com- Oswald's persistent belief that her son. mission general counsel. J. Lee Rankin, Lee, was an agent of the U.S. govern- obviously frustrated continues his inter- ment and second, and perhaps more im- rogation of Mrs. Oswald imploring her portantly, her repeated statements that a once again: "high level" conspiracy killed the Presi- "What about the high official now. dent and her "suspicions" at to precisely Can you tell us who that was?" who was behind this conspiracy. Mrs. Oswald: "No sir. 1 wish I did know. I have my own idea about that. As to the first of these reasons many (My underlining-not underlined in the researchers are aware of this and have Warren Commission Volume). 1 would examined in great detail not only her rather not-because it is a high official-I By Hal Verb claims but the claims of others as to would rather not give a name. But I Oswald's possible government agency have my very strong suspicions as to the For three long days in February. connections. Many books, articles, tele- official who he might be." (My 1964, Lee Harvey Oswald's mother, visions shows and talks have swirled underlining-not underlined in the War- Marguerite Oswald, testified before the around this claim and the jury is still out ren Commission Volume). Warren Commission which eventually on Oswald's still elusive connections. concluded that Oswald was the "lone" But on the second reason: Mrs. As far as the testimony of Mrs. assassin and there was no conspiracy in- Oswald's knowledge of a high level con- Oswald on the "conspiracy" she claims volved in the murder of President John spiracy virtually nothing has been writ- which occurred there appears to be no F. Kennedy. ten to this writer's knowledge and I have further comments by her (or other wit- Although she was not a material read virtually all of the assassination lit- nesses) in the volumes itself. witness to the crime itself Mrs. Oswald's erature to date. Perhaps it is that after There is, however, one intriguing appearance before the Commission reading Mrs. Oswald's testimony run- insertion that does appear in the vol- ranked fourth in terms of length of testi- ning some 139 pages one might con- umes which may well pertain to her mony. Only , Mrs. Oswald's clude that she comes out sounding like a conspiratorial claims. On pages son, Robert Oswald, and Ruby's room- "screwball" much in the manner of the 444-445 of Volume XXIII listed as mate, George Senator. outpaced Mrs. ordeal the Warren Commission suffered Commission Exhibit 1806 a Secret Ser- Oswald's performance. through when it heard Helen Markham's vice Report details the difficulties that One may well raise the question: account of Dallas policeman Tippit's agency had in trying to secure a "tape why would the Warren Commission and murder that was riddled with recording" Mrs. Oswald claims she its staff spend such a considerable inconsistencies. made the contents of which she would amount of time interviewing someone not divulge. with no firsthand knowledge of the as- The fact is that during Mrs. According to the report, "Mrs. sassination? Apart from the rather ob- Oswald's testimony she virtually named Oswald said that the recording had been vious fad that Mrs. Oswald was, indeed, two Secret Service men, Marina Oswald copied and that it was in the hands of the mother of the accused assassin and and Ruth Paine as being part of "the the authorities, however, she would not therefore she could. perhaps, supply de- conspiracy" and it is pretty apparent identify: who she was talking about when tails about her son's personality that from reading the testimony that the she said authorities." would fit into the lone nut" scenario Commission was probably quite exas- The Secret Service never did obtain ("tendency toward violence"; capacity perated with her refusal to name the the tape and so far as is known no one for criminal behavior", etc.) there would members of the "high level" conspiracy. else has or, at least. there is no mention appear to be little else that the Commis- Examples of her reluctance popped of the tape's existence in any of the lit- sion would gain from Mrs. Oswald. The up almost from the start of her testimo- erature on the assassination that I am Commission was well aware of the fact ny. On page 129 in Volume 1 of the aware of. that she had maintained her son's Warren Commission Volumes we find JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 35

Assuming that this tape does exist members. They immediately recognized community but there is no record what- where is it and who has possession of it? him." ever that the Warren Commission (or Possibly Mrs. Oswald's son. Robert, or Alan Burke: "What was their reac- for that matter, the House Select Com- whoever handled Mrs. Oswald's estate tion to it?" mittee on Assassinations) pursued Mrs or legal and financial affairs may know Mrs. Oswald: "I'm going to say no Oswald's admittedly dubious claim that or provide clues since we cannot ques- comment in all seriousness. " she knew who was involved in a con- tion Mrs. Oswald herself (she died in spiracy, to assassinate the President and 1981). (Note: Before continuing with the frame and kill Mrs. Oswald's son. Again_ assuming that the tape re- exchange between Burke and Mrs. Of course it is easy to dismiss Mrs. cording exists what might it contain? Oswald, it should be duly recorded that Oswald's claims as to her "knowledge" Most likely it would contain the there is no evidence to be found in the of a "conspiracy" and throughout her life name (or names) of the individuals Mrs. testimony of Mrs. Oswald before the she was faced with ridicule for defend- Oswald was convinced framed her son Warren Commission that she gave that ing her son's innocence and her claims and therefore carried out a successful body the name or names of the conspir- that she "knew" who was behind the conspiracy which has yet to be uncov- ator or conspirators. On the other hand, conspiracy but there have been enough ered. The tape would probably not con- as indicated above, she did state that she clues provided by Mrs. Oswald in her tain any information about her son as an "dropped" a name before the Commis- testimony before the Warren Commis- agent of the U.S. government since she sion members so one must be careful in sion_ her numerous public appearances made no secret of her beliefs on this totally dismissing her charges as being and statements, this article (and others), score and publicly expressed her doubts. merely the figment of her wild that any careful and diligent researcher Indeed_ as far back as early 1961 -almost imagination). should have no trouble in naming who three years before the assassination- Mrs. Oswald believed the conspirator Mrs. Oswald raised the issue with the The exchange between Burke and was. To some the answer may be ob- State Department on this thorny ques- Mrs. Oswald continued: vious and to others not quite so obvious. tion and thus was the first person his- As a note of caution before under- torically to register her beliefs. Recall Alan Burke: "You say it's a man." taking this quest I should point out that also, that when Mrs. Oswald once re- Mrs. Oswald: "Yes, it's a man." in one other instance when Mrs. Oswald marked to her son. Lee, that she was go- Alan Burke: "Is he an American?" made a reference to the individual be- ing to write a book about him he Mrs. Oswald: "Yes, he is an American." hind the conspiracy, she pointed out the vehemently opposed any such proposal. Alan Burke: "Is this man a Texan?" person she had in mind was one who Mrs. Oswald offered further clues as Mrs. Oswald: "He was a Texan." avoided headlines as much as possible. to whom she believed was behind the Alan Burke: "He was a Texan?..." This could possibly rule out a number of conspiracy a little over three years after individuals who instantly come to mind. her appearance before the Warren Com- Elsewhere in this revealing inter- But recall Mrs. Oswald's previous com- mission. In an article which was fea- view, Mrs. Oswald, in response to a ment that the individual was "suspect" tured in "Lady's Circle" magazine, June query• by Burke, says: "...This man was and "for a very, very good reason." 1967, under the title: "I know who suspect from the very beginning, for a framed my sold" with the subtitle: "An very, very good reason." As the philosopher Whitehead once Amazing Interview with Mrs. Oswald", That the Warren Commission never wrote: "It takes a very unusual mind to she went even further than she did with fully or thoroughly explored the possi- see the obvious." If you think you know her Warren Commission testimony. bility of Oswald's apparent government who the "obvious" is, and why, send me connections with the intensity and con- your thoughts on this. You can write Queried by radio talk show host, viction in finding Osw•ald's guilt is ac- me at: P.O. Box 421815, San Francisco, Alan burke, Mrs. Oswald presented the cepted by virtually all of the research Ca. 94142-1815. following: The effort to improve the conditions of man. however, is not a task Alan Burke: "...It seems to me, Mrs. for the few. It is the task of all nations, acting alone, acting in groups, Oswald, that if you did reveal the man acting in the United Nations: for the plague and pestilence, and the plun- that you think framed your son you der and pollution. the hazards of nature and the hunger of children, are would vindicate your son completely." the forces of even• nation. The earth, the sea and the air are the concern Mrs. Oswald: "It's not as simple as of every nation. And science, technology and education can be allies of that, and I might say to you that I did every• nation. drop his name before the Commission JFK 1963 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 36

Lyndon Johnson in foreign policy imple- getting files released from the military, REPORT ON THE mentation, as the assassinated president especially as it related to the pre-JFK as- 1993 MIDWEST SYM- was of the opinion that the Vietnamese sasination Honolulu conference where needed more self reliance in their war Vietnam was discussed intensively. POSIUM ON ASSAS- effort. SINATION POLITICS Oglesby continued talking about the Friday morning at the symposium By: Frank DeBenedietia awareness of the American public going was time for discussion about U.S. Intel- to new levels during the Watergate scan- ligence. Gaeton Fonzi talked about his dal, and the administration of Jimmy experiences with the Schwciker Com- Carter. He describes this as a turning mittee, and his personal feeling that the point in modern American conspiracy committee should conduct a probe into consciousness. From this mid-seventies anti-Castro activities. An ex-CIA con- vantage point, the speaker went on the tract agent, Robert Morrow spoke about present political clime, as he expressed the nature of contract agent work, and some optimism over the current admin- his involvement with the Cuban exile istration's willingness to concede the va- community and their anti-Castro activi- lidity of the assumptions of past ties in the early sixties. He also claimed investigations as to the idea of conspir- to have heard of the Kennedy assassina- acy. Vice President Al Gore who has tion several weeks before it happened. stated his feelings that there was a con- Former FBI Agent Bill Turner con- spiracy in Dealey Plaza was referred to. curred with Morrow's opinion about the Then the speaker cautioned the Kennedy assassination's origins as they "The assassinations of John F. Ken- symposium. He told the attendees that related to the anti-Castro Cubans. He nedy. Robert F. Kennedy, and Martin this may be the last chance for a new in- talked about the problems arising when Luther King benefited the cause of war, vestigation into the assassinations of the Bay of Pigs invasion became too and hurt the (muse of peace." So said JFK, MLK, and RFK. He expressed a large to remain a covert operation. As a keynote speaker Carl Oglesby, as the guarded pessimism about this, in light of result, the veil of secrecy was lifted as Midwest Symposium on Assassination current economic problems. Carl ended hundreds of CIA agents became visible Politics opened up on the first day of the Keynote Address saying that "With all over the South area. All of April. the Cold war over, let's ask for our de- the speakers were concerned about the mocracy back." He saluted Oliver Stone changing nature of U.S. covert opera- The symposium was held at the and his movie JFK, and reprimanded the tions. and the resultant change in how State of Illinois Center in Chicago from media for its inaccurate portrayal of as- the executive department of the govern- April 14, and concentrated on the as- sassination researchers, saying that the ment was forced to deal with this. One sassination of three individuals, who media would prefer Americans to think of the results was that the Kennedy's. deaths were followed by escalation's of of researchers in the same light as peo- both Jack and Bobby, implemented the the Vietnam War and a frustration of ple who trade baseball cards. training of exiles under the newly the civil rights movement. Emphasis at formed Operation Mongoose. More this event dwelled on several bold con- The symposium was officially under problems with covert activities resulted cepts of assassination politics, and in- way. The panelists were large in num- and caused heartfelt embarrassment cluded speakers with a broad spectrum ber and many. Thursday was the first among the Kennedys, and animosity by of specialized experience in the political day, and Jim Lesar of the Assassination Cuban exiles towards the famous broth- arena. Archives and Research Center spoke erhood when the FBI began a crack- The emphasis on the politics of as- about the Freedom of Information Act. down. American intelligence had some sassination was evident from the begin- and the possibilities of getting informa- real problems. ning, as Carl Oglesby talked about his tion related to the aseassinations re- Anthony Summers spoke about growing awareness in the Students for a leased. Paul Hoch, who was on the first some of the ideas of secrecy and intelli- Democratic Society (SDS), and how his panel, talked about an ongoing debate gence in his new best selling book, Offi- political consciousness was formed by over medical and autopsy evidence. cial and Confidential: The Secret Life the vents of the 1960's. He spoke about Dick Russell. a contributor to the Vil- of J. Edgar Hoover. In this book, Ho- military escalation in Vietnam after the lage Voice, talked about his exhaustive over is portrayed by some of his associ- Kennedy assassination. Included in his interviews with witnesses (he talked to ates as having many relationships with analysis were the contrasting styles of over 200 people). John Judge, John homosexuals. Summers has managed to President Kennedy and his successor Newman and Gus Russo talked about shock many Americans with the JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 37 revelations in this book. but at the sym- guards standing near the front of the million files from the Warren Commis- posium he manages to induce even more stage. Those attending were asked to let sion and the House Select Committee on shock in the research community by say- both sides of the debate express their Ascauinations. Some suggest the possi- ing that if he told the public everything views. Some did this eloquently and bility of hiring a special prosecutor. he knew, it would cause disruption in forcefully, others had an appeal that was Some talk of Richard Sprague. But now the political system. Friday night is more emotional. Dr, Cyril Wecht was attention turns to the next speaker. Ed winding down_ lt is now approximately the last speaker, and his speech covered Lopez is walking up to the microphone, 9:00 p.m., and Oliver Stone drops by. all the bases. But the telling medical ar- and there is a cacophonous chatter in the The director of JFK automatically gument came with a film. audience. Then he gave one of the best gets the attention of the symposium talks of this affair members. He passes up the First Ed Lopez spoke opportunity to speak up front. about the accomplishments of Instead he stays in the back the house committee. He and shakes hands. I am the talked about the publications second' person to greet him. produced, the talented young Stone tells the attendees that people given the ability to he had a lot of respect for the hone and show their investi- people who take up the cause gative techniques, and the of researching political assas- new revelations brought out sinations. He then thanks all by the House Select Commit- the people who helped him tee. One conclusion that the put his movie together. Many symposium found interesting was that Lee Oswald probably of his consultants are in atten- A film was shown of the Parkland did not visit the Cuban or Soviet embas- dance. Jane Rusconi is here. So is John Hospital staff being questioned about the sies while he visited Mexico City in Newman, Gus Russo and many others. I location of the President's head wound. September of 1963. would have like to see Stone stay longer, The film was most revealing as every Lopez talked about his personal ex- so I could tell him that one of my favor- staff member questioned would lift their periences with the committee pertaining ite researchers is the fictional Susie Cox right hand and place it on the right side to that part of the investigation dealing in JFK. I wanted to ask him how he ar- of the head, to the rear and above the with the CIA. Before the investigation rived at that particular character. But temple. There was little in the way of started, there were security arrange- everybody has something to ask him. difference in each persons account. as ments made concerning the investigative Maybe some other time. Saturday is al- staff member after staff member pointed procedure. Ed talked about CIA security most here. All of the next days confer- to virtually the same location in describ- safeguards such as the agency prohibit- ence activities turn out to be mind ing the wound. ing him from bringing anything in or benders. They, and Oliver Stone's ap- Following the medical debate was a out of the room where he was reading pearance, make the trip to Chicago discussion on the public inquests made documents. He also had to sign and put worthwhile_ into the Kennedy and King assassina- a seal on packaged records. In addition, tions. This discussion was another high everybody had a sign an agreement for a The much talked about Saturday point of the symposium. Former War- secrecy oath. session on medical evidence is about to ren Commission member Judge Burt There was also political maneuver- start. Pro-Warren Report doctors on one Griffin and Ed Lopez of the House Se- ing related to the two year time limit of side and critics of the commission on the lect Committee gave interesting talks. the committee's legal life span. Since other. George Lundberg, M.D. , one of Judge Griffin seems to be talking a more the CIA knew the committee had a de- the representatives of the Journal of the open ended and flexible position on the limiting date. they conducted their side American Medical Association, was the Warren Report than was taken by mem- of the investigation with no apparent in- most prominent of the speakers. Joining bers in the past, although he still de- him were John Lattimer M.D., Marc fended the report. terest in expediting the documentation. Micozzi M.D., and Michael West. Phillip Melanson, Gacton Fonzi, Eddie Lopez told the audience about the meetings that the CIA and the select D.D.S. On the other side of the stage and Robert Tannenbaum all spoke about committee had together. Sessions of were Roger Feuunan ID., Wallace Mi- the feasibility of new investigations and this sort could take six hours and end up lam, David Litton. and Cyril Wecht the release of documents in a poor eco- covering only fourteen sentences of writ- M.D.. and J.D. nomic climate. They gave reasons to ten material. The agency also had an In the State of Illinois Center audi- feel both optimism and pessimism. The agreement with the committee that they torium there were several security government is gradually releasing the 2 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 38 could read the files, but had to tell the you look around, your thoughts reach 9:00 a.m. the next day, the 25th anni- agency who they were going to investi- back to a gilded age in Chicago history. versary of the assassination of Martin gate. So the conclusion among the The walls reach high. and have ornate Luther King. Reverend Bevel talked members of the panel, who were former artwork that is absent from many mod- about Dr. King in an impassioned man- members of the House Select Committee em halls. The hall is also acoustically ner. The talk by the Reverend is uplift- on Assassinations, was that the commit- as beautiful as it is visually. After din- ing, and his speaking skills are tee left much to be desired in terms of ner the speakers. Dee Dee Smith, Rev- considerable and full of passion. There what was accomplished. erend James Bevel, Robert was a small altercation between Rever- Ed Lopez finished his talk by out- Tannenbaum, and Josiah Thompson, ent Bevel and a member of the crowd, lining a future direction for the nation to provided a human element to this archi- but it did not last long and did not re- take. He started by calling for a special tectural majesty of another era. flect on the event itself. The symposium prosecutor, and stipulated that the case Dee Dee Smith started out by recit- was a success. Soon the last event should be handled like a homicide in- ing several poems on the slain leaders. would be underway, and the mood vestigation. Lopez called for a large James Bevel followed with an invocation turned from impassioned to discursive. staff, a travel budget, powers for indict- to Martin Luther King. Both were elo- The talk was about planning future ment of individuals, arrest powers, and quent, as was Bob Tannenbaum who action. no time restraints. He praised the old talked about his angst at the system_ Carl Oglesby spoke about the As- house committee for at least informing Them it was Josiah Thompson's turn to sassination Information Bureau, a now the public. But before leaving the po- speak. defunct organization that he had formed dium, he left the symposium with sever- in the seventies. He said that current or- al very down to earth questions to think "Tink" Thompson. a first genera- ganizations may someday may also be- about in the future; tion critic of the Warren Report. talked come defunct. He talked about the need about his first visit to Dealer. Plaza to discuss the possibility of creating new 1. Why was Langley headquarters while he was researching his book Six organizations. not notified when Oswald made contacts Seconds in Dallas. He wrote the land- in Mexico City? mark book and received critical acclaim Some people spoke about what for it. He then dropped out of the re- courses of action to take. Special prose- 2. Why were there no photos taken search community. Tink Thompson re- cutors, new investigations, and even let- of Oswald entering the Cuban or Soviet cently made a trek back to Dealey Plaza, ting the United Nations investigate the embassies? and once again experienced its haunt- assassinations are brought up. Robert ing imagery. He stood on the left side of Johnson of the Assassination Informa- Ed Lopez wished the crowd good Elm Street. the street where John F. tion Center of Dallas anr' myself talk to luck, and got a good hand. Kennedy was gunned down, and looked the panel about the need for more input Only one more event was scheduled up to the sixth floor of the Texas from Dallas researchers, as this is where before the later dinner and social event, Schoolbook Depository. Then in the the assassination originated. With the and this was a photographic presenta- Texas sunshine he moved his head to weather getting colder outside, and the tion by Jim Monlingstar and Bob Gro- the left and looked at the grassy knoll. lime going by, the conference finished den on the Zapruder film, and their He then stood there and thought about up. respective interpretations of it. Both the assassination, and his past involve- zero in on various aspects of the film, ment in the investigation. While these I saw Carl Oglesby eating a dish of the people in the background, the little thoughts were running through his frozen yogurt, and asked him how he On on Elm Street, and the position of mind, he then came back to the sunny could do this with the temperature out- JFK's head before the fatal bullet struck. Texas afternoon in the present day, and side in the thirties. This is one of the Closeups reveal what appears to be a va- felt that somebody was smiling at him as side effects when one makes a late por trail just milliseconds before the fa- he stood there in Dealey Plaza. His talk March trip to Chicago from Florida. tal shots struck. But the vapor trails was finished and the symposium guests found his views on JFK enlightening appears to be a lock of the President's loved it Tink Thompson made a rare both as a keynote speaker, and as one of hair. More debates and revelations appearance, but as a researcher of three the people wrapping up the event. Take come from this visual show. After this decades, made a presentation that many it easy Carl, and thank you. Thanks the banquet started. in attendance could not yet experience. also to symposium organizer Doug Carl- The dinner guests did share his feelings son, Oliver Stone. John Newman, and On the first floor of the Bismarck though. Their applause showed it. everybody else for making this an infor- Hotel there is a banquet room that you The dinner was now over. The fi- mative event. enter through sculptured archways. As nal activities would start on April 4th at

JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 39

STUDENT ESSAY some of those questions I had. Lucky handled things. These people realized for me she agreed to go and after the that with him out of the way they could EDUCATION IS movie was over we sat in the parking carry on and have the Vietnam War that THE KEY lot, for what seemed to be an hour and a they so desperately wanted - that Kenne- half or so, discussing what we had just dy knew we could not win. President By Michelle Allen observed. We agreed that Oliver Stone Kennedy once said: "It takes great cour- was impressive and very smart in mak- age to do what you think is right even I was visiting with a friend of mine ing this movie so that Americans and though it may mean the end of your ca- in Dallas one day and we really did not people all over the world could better reer and the dislike of your friends and have anything to do so we decided to go understand this tragic event that took neighbors." He loved his country dearly to a movie. The movie "JFK" had just place thirty years ago. and did what he thought was right. Af- started showing at the cinema and lucki- ter all he was only human and he took ly for me. my friend Roger wanted to see I hope that one day Oliver Stone, on the greatest challenge anyone could it again. If he had not wanted to see it with the assistance of Lam, Howard, ask for. again then I probably would never have will decide to make another movie deal- Lee Harvey Oswald could not have realized the profound importance and ing with more of the events that took fired three shots in precision time with significance of the contents brought place surrounding Jack Kennedy's death complete accuracy. The FBI had their forth in the movie. At this that the movie simply did not have time top sharp shooters attempt the three point I believed what my shots, which were fired history had always said: " in 5.6 seconds at Kenne- John F. Kennedy was as- dy's motorcade, and sassinated by Lee Haney none of them could Oswald." Little did I match that time frame of know, at this time, that 5.6 seconds. Their shots this one movie would were recorded in about make an explosive impact 6.5 seconds, so does that in my life, completely mean that all three shots turning it around. could have come from three different assas- The movie never sins? One might ask seemed to be three hours how this could happen. long and when it was over Well to begin with there I merely sat in my chair in were too many witnesses utter amazement as tears that saw the flash of light and puff of smoke flowed from my eyes. I Photo: Harry Yardum was shocked at what I had behind the fence. Some- just watched and heartbroken for Jackie to bring out. It is my belief that the two thing definitely occurred on the em- Kennedy. There has never been a movie men mentioned above have a great deal bankment that caused that many people affect me the way "JFK" did. A spark of knowledge and enthusiasm to contrib- to say they heard shots come from be- was ignited in my heart that night in the ute to the public about the assassination hind the fence. Others said they heard theater and left to burn forever. Maybe of our thirty-fifth president. As I drove shots from another building, to the right it was the gruesome pictures of Presi- home that night, the movie was so elec- of the depository. In recent information dent Kennedy's head blasted open or trifying and intense for me that I real- I have read that "an exercise was done maybe it was the determination of Jim ized that there was now a yearning for by taking a team of "Rangers" through Garrison that enticed me to learn more me to learn as much as I could about the the Dallas storm sewer system. This about the biggest lie that was ever told occurrences prior to and after John Ken- sewer system runs under Dealey Plaza. to the American public. nedy's death. The pain etched on Jac- This was done to show a possible assas- Within the next week or so I spoke queline Kennedy's face forever stays in sin's den to the right front of President with my college history teacher, and my mind, just as the pain her husband Kennedy and also a possible escape dear friend, about the events that took felt forever stays in hers. route for the assassins. "(Evans„ Date- place in the movie. I had many ques- line Dallas) Oswald was merely used as tions and I wanted some answers, there- I truly support the "conspiracy" a scapegoat. What was it that David fore I asked her to go and see the movie theory and not the "lone gunman" Ferrie (Joe Pesci) said in the movie: with me so she could maybe answer theory. There were so many people that "One man has to be sacrificed," disliked Kennedy because of the way he 40 JFK DATELINE: DALLAS did in trying to make our nation a great killed him and why? As a consequence unfortunately Oswald was that man. Ni- public attention is focused intensely on one, one that we could call free, one that trate tests performed on Oswald that day what might be more appropriately called would surpass all others in the years to indicated that he had not fired a gun. issues derived after the fact of the mur- come? That is a very good point that helped me I feel a great need and desperate der, however important they are, often to in my going with the conspiracy theory passion to educate myself as much as I the neglect of what I would like to call as opposed to the lone gunman theory. possibly can in all aspects of President first principles—the nuts and bolts of the To this day there is no conclusive evi- John Fitzgerald Kennedy's life, from the assassination and its official investiga- dence that proves Lee Harvey Oswald good to the bad. I am compelled to tion by the Warren Commission. Book assassinated President Kennedy. know him and feel his presence around after book, movie after video emerges We are very lucky to have the Za- me. We must keep his spirit alive and with divergent theories and rival inter- pruder film to study over and over, for to do this we must first educate our- pretations of certain events. as long as we need. It is an essential What I would like to suggest for the selves and then the public. It must be and vital part of evidence, however seen that a great injustice was done to new generation and perhaps even a few heartbreaking to watch, that everyone Jacqueline, Caroline, and John Jr., and of the old who have strayed a bit to wage must see. It is proof that November 22 to the people of this nation thirty years their hard fought battles against the was the worst day our nation had seen. I ago. hosts. is that they turn to knowing the too, feel much shame, just as Jim Garri- common facts of the assassination and son did that day. Shame for the trust Remember "EDUCATION" is the get them down in clear and certain that I put in my country so faithfully. key word!! terms, This is precisely what must be just like many others did. done today. It is depressing to think that we put Michelle Allen For it is with a solid factual ground- so much trust into our government and Trinity Valley Community College ing that the public's knowledge of the stand behind them most all the time and assassination outrage and government then realize that they were part of the • • falsification of our history will remain conspiracy against Kennedy. If they can • alive and will continue to give meaning murder the leader of our nation, then and to provide strength to those who cover it up and lie to the American pub- THE FIRST PRINCI- must in the future continue to wage the lic about that hideous crime, then we fight to right the wrong. must ask ourselves this question: "What PLES IN RESEARCH- This is not an easy task, as everyone can we do• as a people, to fight for what who has gone this bramble strewn route is rightfully ours?" The remaining ING THE JFK full well knows. It certainly is no way to documents must be released and we ASSASSINATION gain popularity among many friends. It must continue to fight until everything is though a solid way to keep the demo- is released. We deserve the truth about By Dr. David R. Wrone cratic ideal alive and the government's Oswald, Ruby, the FBI. and CIA. Mafia wretched crime and its shame always to and even Lyndon Johnson. the front. In the almost thirty years since All erstwhile serious students of the It is understood that Jack Kennedy President Kennedy has died a new gen- assassination facts must have a plan. was not perfect and that he had several eration of Americans now vigorously Many of the first generation just fell into faults, but one cannot always look at confronts the subject of his assassination the subject and worked their way those things. One must be able to look and the failure of the official investiga- through it whatever way they could, of- at the good as well as the bad and if one tion. Among the youth of yet another ten with great mistakes made, some- did this one would see that Jack Kenne- rising generation every indication is times energies lost in wild goose chases, dy loved his country immensely. He they shall also be concerned with the until finally a sense of order fell into cared about the people of this nation. question of his death and will join the place. So, begin, as they say, at the just as his brother Bobby Kennedy did ranks of those who do not believe the beginning. and Martin Luther King did. These government on who killed President Stan with a careful, critical reading men were not afraid to fight for what Kennedy, now almost 90% the popula- of the publications of the Warren Com- they believed in, no matter who agreed tion if opinion polls and common con- mission, whose doctrines still are held or disagreed. Unfortunately it got them versations are to be believed—and there by officialdom as a species of holy writ. all murdered. Where would our nation seems no reason not to. These comprise 27 printed volumes plus be today if we were scaled from the rich- In recent years, however, it seems microfilm reels. The 912 page Warren est nation to the poorest, if these three that the discussion over JFK's murder Report distills the official dogma, the men had not made the efforts that they turns largely on the question of who 41 DATELINE: DALLAS JFK After working on this material or The first 15 volumes contain the perhaps while working on it the student absolute foundation of the defenders of verbatim witness testimony that every- must study carefully the most important the official findings and everyone must the one must read to grasp the tactics of material on the assassination that is come to terms with it. Commission and its staff in avoiding largely unknown. This is in the file The Report looks awesome, but it certain areas and questions and facts drawers of critics, such as Harold Weis- was designed to be that way, daunting and also to gain a knowledge of a vast berg and Mark Allen. who through the and thick. But with a plan one can easi- amount of information useful in tackling Freedom of Information Act lawsuits ly tackle it, for much of it is diversionary problems connected with the murder. [FOIA] forced their release. These are and stuffed with the irrelevant in order The remaining volumes contain exhibits part of the FBI's massive. truly massive, for the government to flesh out their and reports and miscellaneous informa- files on the murder. Perhaps there are sham of an inquiry as imposing and au- tion. For example, in volume 24 is T.F. 500.000 pages of material that these fine thoritive. For example, you will find in Bewley's statement that he called in the citizen-scholars have freely opened to the Report such tidbits as President John murder of Officer Tippit at 1:10 PM, the public and to research in them. For Q. Adams liked to skinny dip and ten minutes before Oswald could have example. the Assassination Research Oswaid's aunt in 1929 worked in a dime gotten there. Rowley was never called Center in Washington (ARC) has the store. What on earth does this have to as a witness and disappeared from the Allen FOIA papers and a chair and desk do with the murder of JFK? Nothing. official record. for you to sit down at and read them, file On the other hand there is no death When one has completed the 27 by file. These are not well funded re- certificate because the official certificate volumes. the Report plus its supporting search libraries like the presidential li- describes the back wound in such a way texts, work has just begun. The Warren braries, for in defense of the integrity of that it makes the lone assassin charge Commission left 300 cubic feet of re- the people's government—the JFK impossible. It also has 8.000 footnotes, cords in the National Archives. truth--the truism that the good are poor which is meant for show and not for hundreds of thousands—perhaps a certainly applies; these are places substance, although this is hard for million—pages of records and docu- though where you can work. many ordinary citizens to grasp until ments. These range from the actual Few people--perhaps two or three— they have given much though to the patched concrete curbstone associated have senously read even a pan of these subject. with the Tague shot to bookkeeping re- records: no one has read them all. But When one reads the Report take cords to FBI reports. The Archives has they contain a great and essential wealth care on defining the facts about the mur- published three sets of these records in of information on the facts of the assas- der itself keep the information about the microfilm editions, readily available ei- sination that must become known. people charged with the crimes, Oswald ther at your local library or a nearby col- Included in these records are an- and Ruby, in the background until you lege library or through interlibrary loan swers to some of the unanswered ques- have the primary task completed. or by purchase. tions that plague the assassination After you finish the Report_ you Accesso- There are the equivalency of ap- subject today as well as much informa- should read Sylvia Meagher's proximately 110,000 pages of microfilm. tion that dispels many of the theories ries After the Fact and Harold Weis- Key Persons file has 34 microfilm reels. now current and taken by so many peo- berg's Whitewash, both on the Report ways it is curi- the Special file 30, and the Commission ple as the truth. In some itself by persons who mastered its con- Documents file 40. CD reels are the ous that the information that will put to tents. They will provide you with an ex- most important', they contain roughly rest many of these perplexing and emo- cellent critical guide. 40,000 pages or about the same as 100 tion rousing issues lies within the power When those are out of the way. the volumes of printed text. For example, of citizens to obtain; vet they do not and 26 volumes must be read, volume by CD I is the FBI's special five volume re- certainly it is a tact that the authors of so volume. 10,000 pages, 10.000,000 port on the assassination dated Decem- many of these truly disturbing theories words. There is no index. by the delib- ber 9,1963, which has less than 150 have not read the records. erate act of the Warren Commission words on the murder that leaves out one Unfortunately, in these voluminous staff. None are in chronological order. of JFK's bullet wounds among other files the answers arc not lying ready to subject matter sense, or logical group- things, the rest is largely and anticom- hand like in a supermarket where you ing. Sylvia Meagher prepared a brief mie diatribe. While there is a rough scamper in and pick one up. One must index to the 26 volumes but as she said - guide to the reels, a simple listing actu- carefully read and relate the information it is incomplete (but good). (The War ally, there is no index or critical guide to discovered in them to the facts of the as- ren Commission and its staff thought the materials within each reel. Yet, they sassination. This is hard work, the kind very few of the citizenry would read the must be read to dig out the factual base that takes grinding away. but it is the volumes and a hodge podge instead of of the assassination. very work that can be done and must be sensible order would discourage them even more.) JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 42 left, and screaming at the top of her done by the new generation of citizens. One day as I walked into the house lungs "would you please hurry up, you This is also another reason for the new from school, I saw my mom sitting on got a letter from the White House!" generation to obtain a good factual the edge of the couch, her hands holding Well that's all that took. Books grounding in the assassination basic up her beautiful face watching TV, and went flying and my feet did not fail me fact, so that research in these files can SMILING!. 1 knew right away she now. But this wasn't just a letter. It was be intelligently done and much wasn't watching "As the World Turns", a pretty good sized envelope. If you accomplished. because as a rule, this usually made her could have seen me open up that enve- The new generation must develop cry. No, she was watching some man lope, you would have thought that many persons who have a good basic talking. That's it--just talking. Christmas was just another passing holi- grasp of the factual base of the assas- The expression on my mom's face day. I just knew a man like that sination and with that done begin to told me not to shout my usual "Mom, wouldn't let me down. read into the FOIA releases. These are I'm home". Instead I just sat down and Well to my surprise• not only did I the first principles of the JFK assassina- watched my Mom, then watched this get a letter, but I also got black and tion inquiry. man, my Mom, this man. She hasn't smiled like this in long time. Even white 8 X 10's. One was of President when my father was home I can't re- Kennedy with "To Bobby, your friend, • • • member a bigger grin. "Who is this John F Kennedy" in the lower right Guy?" Lord knows I tried everything to hand corner. The other one was of Jack- WHERE WERE YOU? get half the smile she has now. All this ie on both knees with Caroline and guy has to do is talk! John-John sitting in front of her. I was As I too watched, I couldn't help but speechless. President John F. Kennedy By Robert W. Campbell feel good myself. I liked the way he was my friend! He said so! The letter stated that he was glad First, bear with me while I set the talked. I mean the way he pronounced that he made my Mom smile and he stage in what to me was one of the most his words. It was different that what hoped that things would work out for us. traumatic days for me as a child. The I've heard, and I really liked it. When he had finished, I was finally able to ask He also said that Bobby was a great story you are about to read is what I viv- name. He had a brother named Bobby idly remember. I just wish I couldn't re- my Mom who he was. With that great who is the Attorney General of the member at all. smile never leaving her face, and with a United States. The year was 1961 and I had just big sigh, she said "that was our new President John F. Kennedy," Imagine if you will, a 9 year old go- turned 9. My older sister of 22 months In school we were told who our ing around telling humans, cats, dogs and 1 were watching TV one night while new president was, but I had never seen anything that would sit still, that my my mom was telling my father because him. Well now that I had, and what he friend was the President John F. Kenne- of his drinking, he had to go. I guess to dy! I just knew that if he ever saw me my father drinking was more important did to my Mom, I was going to write he would say "Hi Bob, Howya doin?". than food or paying the bills. At any him to thank him for making my Mom smile. Of course I had to prove this to my rate, he left and was never to return. friends, and since my Mom framed ev- Going to school and playing with As the days turned into weeks. and erything, I had to haul them over to my friends just wasn't as fun as it use to be. weeks into months, the president would house. They all had fathers living at home and be on TV once in awhile to give my Mom the booster shot of happiness she Well here it is 1963 already, and they always talked about doing things I'm a 6th grader already. Yes, I'm still with them. Of course not letting on needed to cope without a husband, and I was forever grateful. I remember when going around telling everybody about about my father, I would make up stories she would be down in the dumps I my friend. The worst thing you could about my father being in the Navy as a do in front of me was just mention John fighter pilot, and was always gone. would tell that maybe President Kenne- F. Kennedy in passing. Little did I The days rolled on and for my mom dy will be on TV she would look at me know that the next time I was to hear his her sadness just didn't seem to go away. and say "that would be nice wouldn't it." I loved living across the street from name, it was to tell me he was dead. I tried everything to try to make her Getting out of music class meant happy, but most of the time it was fruit- the school. I got home quicker than that lunch was next, and bay was I less. She always tried to conceal her most kids which meant I could hit the hungry. Today they had chili on a cone sadness in front of us kids, but most of old after school snack sooner. As I was at the cafeteria and I loved them. But the time she just couldn't, and it made walking home one day, I noticed my on this day as I headed for lunch, the me cry at night and praying to God he Mom out in front of the house. When school P.A. system said for all students would make her smile. she spotted me she started waving her arm above her head and from right to to report to their home room at once. JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 43 I) CE 399 Bullet found on Hey, what about lunch! Oh well to my President John Fitzgerald Kennedy. stretcher at Parkland Memorial Hospi- homeroom I go. Johnny, we hardly knew ye! tal, Dallas, Tex. Ironic as her name was. I liked Mrs. CE 573 Bullet recovered from Lincoln my home room teacher. She With all Sincerity, General Walker's house following the was always smiling and she was one of Robert W. Campbell attempt on his life. those teacher's you don't forget even JFK-AIC Member 3) CE 139 Mannlicher-Carcano today. But as I entered the room. I saw rifle serial no. C2766 (this rifle will sub- her standing in front of her desk crying. ARCHIVE JIVE sequently be referred to as "the C2766 Teacher's don't cry. Not teachers! rifle" C250 (fake rifle) As the class finally settled down. By Jay Davis 4) CE543-545 Three 6.5 - milli- Mrs. Lincoln just stood there, staring meter cartridge cases found on the sixth into space, and her crying became In September of 1992, 1 was prepar- floor of the Texas School Book Depos- worse. I remember a little girl asking ing for a trip to Boston and Washington itory Building following the her what was wrong, and her response D.C., in November of that same year. I assassination. was this-I quote "The President of the figured, while in the Capitol, what great CE 142 bag made out of wrap- United States , John F. Kennedy was opportunity- to see some of exhibits from ping paper, found on the sixth floor of shot and killed today while riding in a the Warren Commission in "our" (the the Texas School Book Depository fol- "parade" in Dallas Texas". She then people of the United States) National lowing the assassination (same as proceeded to her chair, sat down, put her Archives, Obviously they would wel- CE626). CE960 fake. head in her hands and while openly come me with open arms since I was 6) CE 750 Reflex camera. starting to cry said "Class dismissed for taking a keen interest in American his- 7) CE 1314-B Photographs of lunch". tory. Not to mention my status as an of- I just sal there and as tears filled my Lee Harvey Oswald holding a rifle. ficial U. S. taxpayer who helps pay their 8) CE 134 Enlargement of com- eyes. I proceeded to her desk. "You salaries, right? So I contacted my local mean President Lincoln don't you Mrs. mission exhibit No. 133-A. Congresswoman to find out how to 9) CE 369 Photograph of presi- Lincoln?" I asked. "What I mean is, make a request. isn't it the anniversary of President Lin- dential limousine in front of the Texas Her staff member told me to send School Book Depository building at the coln's assassination. Isn't that what you my request to view certain exhibits to mean? Please tell me that's what you time of the assassination. them. That I should include a personal 10) CE 351 Windshield mean!" biography concerning my research and Oswald shirt She looked at me and with remem- 11) study of the case. That they would then, White jacket brance on her face she said "that's right 12) along with their letter of request, include 13) CE 393 "Coat worn by Presi- Bobby, he was your friend wasn't he?" 1 my request to view various Warren just nodded as she hugged me and told dent Kennedy at the time of the Commission exhibits. I wrote the assassination." me that it wasn't Lincoln she was talk- following: 14) CE 394 "Shirt worn by Presi- ing about. That's all I needed to hear. I dent Kennedy at time of the assassina- ran out of the room and right past the "Dear Congresswoman Boxer, school grounds. My friend was gone. tion." 15) CE 395 "Tie worn by President Today at 40 I still tear up when I 1 have been a researcher of the as- see him on TV. I know now that I never Kennedy at time of assassination." sassination of President Kennedy since 16) CE 592 "Five .38 Special car- lost a friend. He will be my friend for- 1966. You recorded a telephone state- ever. And God help the person who tridges found in the pocket of Lee ment concerning the release of the Harvey Oswald following his criticizes him. While I was in the ser- sealed assassination files for one of our vice overseas, my Mom broke the news apprehension. radio shows that we've done over the 17) CE 594 Four .38 Special car- to me that while my new father and her past ten years. were moving to their new home, some- tridge cases found at the Tippit crime I am going to be in Washington, scene. how the pictures and the letter were lost. D.C. on November II, 12, 13 and would They believe that one of my brothers 18) CE 602-605 Four bullets re- like to view in items in the National Ar- covered from the body of Officer Tippit. knew the value of them and stole them. chives pertaining to President Kenne- That's been a long time ago and no 19) CEC677 Sample of wrapping dy's Assassination for research paper and gummed tape taken from the matter what happened to them, they're purposes. The items are as follows: gone. But there is one thing that isn't Texas School Book Depository building gone, and that's the memory of my on November 22, 1963, for comparison Mom's smile whenever she saw purposes. IEnd] JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 44

"It is National Archives policy to request on my behalf to see certain Larry Howard had told me that make evidentiary objects available for Commission exhibits pertaining to since "JFK" had come out, our National viewing only when a researcher's needs President Kennedy's assassination. The Archives had gotten very paranoid I cannot be met by review of pictures, re- National Archives response, dated wonder why? Oswald did it alone, productions, or descriptions of the ob- October 15, 1992, was sent to the Wash- right? So what were they hiding? I ject and when reproduction of the ington office, not the local California know some items, like the paper rifle original will not cause damage or harm office, so I only recently received it. bag aren't around anymore, but I was to the original. We will be glad to con- keen to see what would happen. sider your constituent's request to see As per your request, I have in- Both I and the office waited for a physical evidence from the Warren cluded additional information below. response. None came. I called my rep- Commission if he will: resentative's of Nothing. Several I) CE 139 rielannlicher-Carcano weeks had passed. Again I called They 1) Identify which specific exhibit rifle, serial no. C2766 ("this rifle will were surprised that I hadn't received an or exhibits he wishes to see. A general subsequently be referred to as "the answer. They then checked their Wash- request to see all of the physical exhib- C2766 rifle" - Warren Commission), ington, D.C. office. The archives had its is not sufficient: the local office's return address, and ray 2) Indicate which of the photo- Though mentioned in the Warren personal mailing address, they had sent graphs. drawings. measurements and Report (Single volume) PG. 84, 553, it to the Washington D.C. office, be- descriptions of the exhibit and any other 554. And its 26 volumes - Hearings 2, cause it was the address in the biggest documentation relating to it he has al- PG. 416. Hearings 3, PG. 225 and PG type. So there it had sat unnoticed, ready examined. 397. Hearings 4, PG. 289. CE 1403 while the office staff was back in 3) Indicate briefly why the docu- Marina Oswald's lengthy FBI interview. California. mentation available on the exhibit does Plus Photograph CE 133-B. And in the It had taken over two weeks for the not satisfy his research objectives and HSC4 in Vol. 7 "Firearms Evidence" of Archives to answer. But I had only got- how those objectives might be met by the INCA, PG. 291, 355, 357, 358, ten it on November 3, 92'. I had a less observation of the original exhibits. 360-362, 365-373, 379, 383, 384. I can that a week before t left for Boston. find no mention of the actual length of In their letter they said that the ex- Sincerely, the rifle's "sling'. Though in Vol. X17, hibits were photographs and included in R. Michael McReynolds PG. 936. CE 399, shows the sling, it dis- the Warren Commission's 26 volumes. Director, appears behind the rifle's stock. The (By the way, if you refer to it by it's cor- Textural Reference Division closest 1 can come is "CE No. 1304 - rect title 'THE PRESIDENTS COM- Continued" (WR Vol. XXII, PG. 480). It MISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION Seeing the myriad's of hoops that shows C2766 broken down above a tape OF JOHN F. KENNEDY". they'll cor- lay before me. I toned down my request, measure. The muzzle end of the strap is rect you and tell you its "commonly re- by sending the following: detached, but the butt end is hidden by ferred to as the Warren Commission". the stock. 1 would like to have it Gees, they were helpful. The letter went "Nov. S. 1992 measured. on to state that I could buy an 8x10 copy National Archives of whatever photo in the volumes there. Washington, DC 2) CE 750 Reflex camera (Warren for only $6.25 each. If you've seen the Attn: Mary Ronon Commission) In the single Volume War- fine fumy, poorly cropped black and ren report, PG. 127, 593-597. In the 26 white photos of some of the exhibits. you Dear Ms. Ronon: volumes, Hearings 1, PG. 15, 40, 75. know what a deal that is. Also I could 79, 113, 117-119. Hearings 2, PG. 428. order their videotape of various exhibits I have researched President Kenne- Hearings 4, PG. 284-289. Hearings 5, from the Warren Report, for only fifty dy's assassination since 1966. PG. 405, 410. Hearings 7, PG. 194, bucks. Now I was confused. Had I 215. 231. Hearings 7, PG. 411. Hear- reached the National Archives or the I am going to be in Washington, ings 9, PG. 344. Hearings 10, PG. 201. National Catalog? D.C., and would like to view, for re- Hearings 11. PG. 398. Hearings 15, Remembering what Larry Howard search purposes, items in the National PG. 692, 693. Also called JFK F 190 had said, I knew they would make me Archives pertaining to President Kenne- in the IISCA's Vol. 6, "Photographic jump through hoops. and I'm pleased to dy's Assassination. Evidence", PG. 103, 140, 143, 154-161, say, they didn't let me down. Below is 182, 188, 189, 192, 1 93, 202, 215. the rest of the letter, verbatim. On September 29, 1992, I had Con- gresswoman Barbara Boxer write a ih-34„,;,%-..4,1,. .rasstalsitamaiiiumazimuuskunaratanntSiosiva,emovAY.m•

JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 45

Though mentioned in both the vol- Also I would like CE 150, CE 162 and I was amazed to get this all umes of Warren Commission and the CE 163 measured for size comparison, information without knowing the secret House Select Committee on Assassina- which again is not possible to do by passwords or anything. I was on a roll. tions, the length of the camera's strap is looking at photographs or video. Then the priceless Imperial Reflex cam- never stated. I would like to have the Thank you for your consideration. I era strap length was revealed to me. strap measured. eagerly await your call. You can reach And I knew, just like the rifle strap. me at the Doubletree Hotel, Arlington, though I hadn't really seen it. their mea- 3 CE 133a - B (Warren Commis- Virginia. Phone number - (703) surement was exact and true. Because sion) Photographs of Lee Harvey 892-4100. Fax number (703) 521-0285. our government has always played Oswald holding a rifle. Also known as I arrive on afternoon of Nov. 10th and straight in this case. right? CD 133A-B and C - in the HSCA Vol. 6 leave in afternoon of Nov. 14th. And the backyard photographs of "Photographic Evidence". Oswald incriminating himself with his Cordially, weapons and commie newspapers? 1 I would like to compare these origi- Jay Davis was told that I could not examine them. nal photographs to similar ones 1 have Why I thought? "Trust your govern- taken with a similar Imperial Reflex I received no answer, as they were ment", a little voice said, "They've taken Camera. As printed photos lose a gen- still deciding when I left for Boston. so much time to decide. I'm sure they'll eration and clarity. I would like to see Then, while in Boston, they were still have a good reason." And they did. It's the three originals. deciding some more. Great. my tax dol- because . . the photos are missing!!! lars at work. Finally the day before my Yes. I was told they're missing. And I 4) CE150 Oswald shirt (Warren arrival in Washington. I got my long was so relieved to hear that. At least Commission only) In single Volume awaited answer. I was told I could see they hadn't deteriorated. Maybe they 163, 175, 601, 604, 610, 626, 653. In nuthin, zip, zero. nada. were out dancing with some of the other the 26 volumes - Hearings 1, PG. 121, But, I was told the length of the things that had "disappeared" from the 122. Hearings 2, PG. 238, 239, 250, rifle strap. I had asked if anyone was. or Archives over the years. It was good 260. Hearings 3, PG. 257, 262, 276. had done observations on shells being knowing my taxes were being put to Hearings 6, PG. 349-354, 412-414, 439. ejected from the rifle, and their final good use. Hearing 7, PG. 401, 439. Hearings 11, location in relation of the rifle. I was I then asked them to send me a let- PG. 211. told, no one is allowed to eject a bullet ter, stating what they had told me. They from the rifle. Guess it's the holy sacred cheerfully agreed to do so. Wasn't that 5) CE162 gray zipper jacket bear- rifle. My hunch is, like other items nice? But it seems the wheels of gov- ing the laundry tape"B 9738" . . . with there that grew legs and walked out of ernment turn very slow, as it's now June M size in collar" (Warren Commission the Archives, (hey, you don't actually of '93 and their letter has vet to arrive. only) In the single volume Warren Re- think they were stolen do rou?) the rifle, It is interesting to note, that only a port, PG. 163, 175, 176, 653. In the 26 over the years. had metamorphosed into few buildings down from "our" National volumes - Hearings 7, PG 30, 33, 48, glass and if a bullet was ejected from the Archives is the Justice Department. 53, 115-118, 264. Vol. XVII. PG. 410, rifle it would shatter it. Yeah, that's it. And straight up from there is the J. Ed- 411. Vol. ral, PG. 521 CE-1843, PG. They then said I didn't have a good gar Hoover building. Observing them 925 - CE 1974 (Police Log) mentions enough reason to bring Oswald's shirt all from a single spot, I thought, with only laundry mark. Vol. ..30CIV, PG. 253, and the jackets out of "PRESERVA- the abilities of the personnel in two of CE 2003. TION". Preservation? To me, that con- these buildings. and what physical items jured images of these scared ancient are held in the third, this case could 6) CE 163 Blue Zipper Jacket. "A clothes being wrapped in layers of probably be solved, if only . . naw. if faded cloth jacket with padding bearing gauze, and entombed in several sar- they could have, they would. label "Sir Jac" with zipper front. . " cophagi. But of course, I thought, these (Warren Commission only). Single Vol- items made back in the early sixties So what does this all mean? Well ume Warren Report - PG. 155, 163, must have been made from material so it's obvious, even to the untrained ob- 175. In the 26 volumes - Hearings 1, delicate (like everything in the National server, that things made in the early PG. 121, 122. Hearings 6, PG. 345. Archives that pertains to the assassina- 1960's are incredibly perishable com- 359. Vol. XXIII, CE 1818. CE 1843. tion) that it will probably deteriorate, if pared to things made just one hundred you even just look at it, I suppose. years before. Because when I went to Photographs of all three items in Sounds reasonable. Why hadn't other the basement of Ford's theater (across the Warren Commission are in black researcher's realized this years before? the street, in the middle of the next and white. 1 need to see them in color. block from the J. Edgar Hoover JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 46 building), there, in normal light, dis- section is also devoted to probing the profound and troubling mystery of the played in glass cases for everyone to see, roots of the Oswald-Nagell relationship. twentieth century. It is best suited to an were items such as the coat the Lincoln After the background is explored. ambitious reader with some prior knowl- was shot in, the gun Booth used to do Russell gets to the meat of the story in edge of the subject. As has been alluded his deed, as well as his diary, boot and a the sections that follow, labeled "The to earlier, the most significant weakness host of other objects too numerous to Mission", "The Setup", "The Deed", and of this work (and it is a minor weakness) mention. I even held Lincoln's wallet, "The Cover-up". These sections contain is the paucity of actual documents it now in the hands of a private collector. astounding revelations, even to many of contains. Perhaps the ideal companion And it didn't even fall apart! I guess us who thought we were beyond aston- piece to this work would be a Docu- they just don't make 'em like that any- ishing. Although this section reads ments Reader, similar to that recently more. If they did we could all see 'em. easily for the casual reader, it becomes published on the Cuban Missile Crisis. Or, is it just.... Archive Jive? clear here why such an extensive back- Since the Companion Volumes to The ground section was required. Frequent Warren Report are all but unavailable to references to the background are made, the public, and since there has been so BOOK REVIEWS as Russell deftly takes us through a much more documentation that has been maze of intrigue, business, politics, and generated since 1964, perhaps such a corruption. leading us to a conclusion Documents Reader would be a worth THE MAN that is disappointing only by virtue of its while project for someone of Russell's honesty. caliber. WHO KNEW Throughout the book, Russell draws The ideal "companion event", as TOO MUCH on information provided by renowned Russell suggests, would be an open in- authors on the subjects he addresses. and vestigation. by the Justice Department, he fastidiously correlates this informa- By David H. Stern, M.D. with a Grand Jury, into the assassination tion with knowledge provided by the of John F. Kennedy Dick Russell Releases 17 Years' many personal interviews he conducted Work in New Book; The Wait Was with those involved. His work is exten- David H. Stern, M.D. is an "assas- Worthwhile sively annotated for more ambitious sination educator" who hopes his efforts readers. It also contains a very useful will, in some small way, help to wake a The work contains nearly 800 pages "Cast of Characters" for keeping names somnolent nation out of its complacency of solid information. It is scholarly. and straight. In addition, a 17-page "Time and into action designed to protect the all concepts are addressed in the most Line of Primary Events" is provided for liberties taken from us on 11/22/63. intellectually honest manner. In short, a view of the Big Picture. The Man Who Knew Too Much is a Weaknesses are few and rather mi- • • • masterpiece among the plethora of lit- nor in this monumental and historic erature on the assassination of John F. work. The appendices provide excellent Kennedy.. material. but the appendix of documents HIGH TREASON II The book centers around the curious is unlabeled and thin for a book of this By: Nicholas Kimbell story of Richard Case Nage., and his al- magnitude. The photographic section leged involvement in the murder of our provides some additional and important One of the more recent Kennedy as- 35th President. One of the most aston- documents, as well as a number of por- sassination books, written by Harrison ishing allegations made in this book is traits of the principal subjects not readi- Livingstone (Co-author of Hieh Trea- that Nagell, while serving as a "double ly available elsewhere. This section also son). Actually the first was a much bet- agent" for the United States (or so he contains the only error this reviewer was ter book and it made me wonder who in thought at the time) was approached by able to find in this book., a picture of Joe fact did most of the writing in the origi- the Russians and asked to kill Oswald Marcello erroneously Labeled as being nal - Livingstone or Groden. who the Russians knew was being set-up his older and more notorious brother, Carlos. MS a patsy. Contributions The book itself is much more than The Man Who Knew Too Much is just a story of Richard Case Nagell. In the most extensive and up-to-date study I. Livingstone is to be commended relating the backdrop to this tragedy. published on the subject of the assas- for some of the most recent interviews Russell delves deeply (about 200 pages sination of JFK. That said, it is by no with the Dallas/Bethesda personnel and worth) into the roots of the post-World means exhaustive, as the author, him- other key figures including Marina War II intelligence community. This self, concludes. It is an ambitious effort Oswald. A good portion of the book at uncovering answers to the most deals with these interviews. moweamaggitggsggaRagoa, Tuayazazpdvayg4js,SexytrtliaztfmtqsilltN,W.il-kp!?Alr•GGIW5Vtr42ZSIAtVtMNNEIIrSAiN,A4kLihC.Nlk'.Se•t,..T.'t-grV,N.K.StAtL-...WN.Ishl.,e.Z.Asn'NA5LNIAN'-a4S.9ka,.4.1.1N..gne4r.,.N,-.-r,,

JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 47

2. An interesting anecdote - Presi- to the head area," before the start of the more than a few inches. Highly unlikely dent Kennedy may actually had Pott's autopsy at Bethesda. This was signifi- for a high powered rifle. Disease, this is significant because as cant because none of the medical per- b. The would was jagged edged. the book states, steroid injections could sonnel at Parkland Hospital reported any Also unlikely, entrance wounds leave be fatal to a person that suffers from the kind of surgery to the head area while very clean, spherical shaped wounds. adrenal disease. the president was there. In fact, only c. A phone call from Commander 3. Careful analysis of the autopsy immediate lifesaving measures were ad- Humes (at Bethesda) to Dr. Perry X-rays. ministered to the president while at (Parkland) asking if he'd made the Parkland. A breathing tube was inserted wound. Arguments into the presidents chest, blood transfu- 2. The head wound. Lifton raises sions were done in one arm and both the question that has been asked before 1. I was very surprised to find Liv- legs. a tracheostomy was performed by by researchers. How could a bullet, ingstone among the hordes of attackers Dr. Perry, two more chest tubes were in- fired from the eastern end of the knoll, in the JFK debate, and he is vicious. His serted and a chest massage was per- entering the right side of the President's onslaughts can only be paralleled with formed (Crenshaw, Conspiracy of head, exit at the right rear portion of the those of George Lardner and Tom Wick- Silence). skull? The only explanation is that er. He throws barrages at Oliver Stone, another gunman was situated farther Jim Garrison, the Republican Part and Other Contributions: west. Lee Bowers, in fact, testified that even Kevin Costner. I. Litton was an engineering/phys- there were two pairs of men behind the ics major and describes the relevance of picket fence at the time of the shooting - 2. i had a hard time understanding the head snap citing Newton's law, also one group at the eastern end and another exactly where Livingstone stands on the stating the impossibility of a neuromus- group farther west. assassination. He says the government cular reaction if the cerebellann had been was involved but the CIA was not. He damaged. * Excellent reference book. fingers Roscoe White as a possible as- 2. Lifton brings to attention two ty- * First book to publish autopsy sassin even though evidence shows that pographical "alterations" in the Siben & photographs. White was at least a CIA contact and O'Neill report where there are gaps in * There is a videotape. probably an agent. These are just a few between words. One is four spaces of the reasons I couldn't match this au- wide, while the other is three - the possi- thor with High Treason. bly deleted word is CIA, (once with a comma). ■ 3. Litton had an ace in the hole. 11 • He was in personal contact with Wesley. Liebler (one of the Warren Commission An interactive monthly newsletter concerned with John Kennedy's assas- lawyers), who had an office at UCLA. BEST EVIDENCE sination and related events. Honor Through Liebler he discovers how the Guard contains information searches, By: Nicholas Kimbell Wan-en Commission deemed what evi- product review and sources, in addtion dence credible to which is not. The to articles, news updates: and reviews This is not a book for the novice. "best evidence." being tangible docu- of books, audios, and videos concerning David 'Afton is an analytical thinker ments and the least credible, meaning 311C related material with an acute ear for detail. A mind like eyewitness testimony and the Zapruder his is a blessing to the "critics" and a file. Ivlemebers may contribute articles, nightmare to the "establishment." "Best 4. Interviews with the personnel at Letters to the Editor, reviews, searches, and discoveries. Evidence" is 700 pages of extreme con- Parkland, Bethesda Medical Center and centration. Mr. Litton's contribution to other witnesses. the investigation is establishing that the Volume I, 12 Issues [now completed] 515.00 presidents body had been altered by the Arguments. Volume 2, 12 Issues time it reached Bethesda Medical Center 1. The back wound. Most critics [in Progress] S24.00 for the autopsy. agree that Kennedy was struck once in David Lifton was a 27 year old en- the back. Mr. Litton argues that this Check or Money Order payable to: gineering student at UCLA in 1966 wound may have been fabricated. He Dania Richards when be made his first breakthrough in cites three pieces of evidence. Send to: JFK Honor Guard P.O. Box 3724 the case. His discovery of a passage in a. The wound was shallow. It Akron, 011 44314-9998 the FBI Siben & O'Neill report which did not transit, in fact, it penetrated no stated that there "appeared to be surgery • JFK DATELINE: DALLAS 48 1

MIDWEST SYMPOSIUM ON ASSASSINATION POLITICS CHICAGO. ILLINOIS APRIL 1-4. 1993 (Related Story Page 36)

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Carl Oglesby Paul Hoch, PH.D. Peter Dale Scott, PH.D. L-R: Robert Groden, Robert Morningstar

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Robert Morrow L-R:Roben Johnson. Oliver Stone Josiah Thompson, PH.D. Anthony Summers

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Judge Burt W. Griffin Gaeton Fonzi Robert Tanenbaum, J.D. Edwin J. Lopez, J.D ,