Petrobia (Petrobia) latens (Muller, 1776)

Material examined

non-types

Taxonomy Fig. 1. Petrobia latens adult female (non-type) - dorsum.

Subfamily Bryobiinae Tribe Petrobiini Common Name

Brown wheat mite Distribution

+Australia, Algeria, Argentina, CIS, Chile, China, *Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, South Africa, Spain, The Netherlands, Turkey, UK, Fig. 2. Petrobia latens adult female (non-type) - dorsal USA, Zimbabwe habitus. Changes

Acarus latens Muller 1776 Petrobia latens (Muller) Oudemans 1915 Petrobia (Petrobia) latens (Muller) Waintsein 1960 Acarus praegnans Schrank 1781, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Fig. 3. Petrobia latens adult female (non-type) - detail of Acarus petrarum Fourcroy 1785, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 emergent peritremes (indicated by arrows). Trombidium lapdium Hammer 1804 Petrobia lapidum (Hammer) Oudemans 1915, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Tetranychus anauniensis Canestrini 1889, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Tetranychopsis simplex Tragardh 1904, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Tetranychopsis paupera Berlese 1910, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Tetranychus longipes Banks 1912, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Tetranobia decepta Banks 1917, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Tetranychina tritici Ewing 1921, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Fig. 4. Petrobia latens adult female (non-type) - lateral aspect of empodium showing longer lateral tenent hairs Petrobia cepae Sayed 1946, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 (indicated by arrow). Petrobia erevanica Reck & Bagdasarian 1949, synonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Diagnosis

Female (Fig. 1) dark reddish dorsal setae not set on tubercles (Fig. 2) all dorsal setae shorter than distance to seta in next row (Fig. 2) legs about as long as body peritreme ending in protruding elongate anastomosing chamber (Fig. 3) empodium (claw-like) shorter than lateral tenent hairs (Fig. 4)

Males are unknown Hosts

*type host unknown > 90 reocorded species of host , including: Acacia giraffae (Mimosaceae), Allium cepa, A. sativum (Alliaceae), Artemisia herba- alba, A. tridentata (Asteraceae), Avena sativa (), arizonicus. B. willdenowii (Poaceae), Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae), Cenchrus echinatus (Poaceae), Chenopodium album (Chenopodiaceae), Cichorium endivia, C. intybus (Asteraceae), Echinochloa crusgalli, Elymus canadensis, E. elymoides (Poaceae), Ficus carica (Moraceae), Fragaria sp. (Rosaceae), Gladiolus hortulanus (Iridaceae), Glycine max (Fabaceae), Gossypium hirsutum (Malvaceae), Haplopappus spinulosus (Asteraceae), Hordeum vulgare, Imperata cylindrica (Poaceae), Iris missouriensis (Iridaceae), Lactuca sativa (Asteraceae), Medicago sativa (Fabaceae), Mentha incana (Lamiaceae), Morus alba (Moraceae), Oenothera clavaeformis, O. primiveris (Onagraceae), Oxalis sp. (Oxalidaceae), Phaseolus angularis, P. vulgaris(Fabaceae), Potentilla argentea, P. norvegica (Rosaceae), Saccharum officinarum (Poaceae), Trifolium sp. (Fabaceae), Triticum aestivum (Poaceae), Vicia hirsuta, V. sativa (Fabaceae), Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae), Zea mays (Poaceae) Biology

Males of Petrobia latens are unknown as the species reproduces parthenogenetically. This species is a dry weather pest in Australia, causing damage to grain and several vegetable crops. Eggs are laid parthenogenetically by females on the soil and under stones. Petrobia latens has a world wide distribution and an extensive host range, of which monocots are the most important. During a dry spring, preceeded by winter rain, P. latens may develop large populations and do considerable damage to wheat in certain areas. During early spring the diapause eggs can be found under clods in wheat growing areas. These eggs are white with a circular radially striate cap. Non-diapause eggs are red, radially striate and have a short stipe. As grasses are a major host, this species can move into wheat crops from grasses and cause either a primary infestation of the area or a reinfestation. This species, like several species of Bryobia, often invade houses in areas where huge populations have built up.

References

Banks, N. (1912) New American mites. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 14: 96-99 Banks, N. (1917) New mites, mostly economic (Arach. Acar.). Entomol. News 28: 193-199 Berlese, A. (1910) Lista di nuove specie e nuove generi di acari. Redia 6: 242-271 Canestrini, G. (1889) Prospetto dell'acarofauna Italiana, Famiglia dei Tetranychini. Atti. Reale. Ist. Ven. Sci., Lett. Arti. (ser. 6) 7: 491-540 Ewing, H.E. (1921) New nearctic spider mites of the family Tetranychidae. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 59: 659-666 Fourcroy, A.F. (1785) Entomologia Parisiensis. Paris, 1: 1-231; 2: 233-544 Hermann, J.F. (1804) Mem. Apterologique, Strasbourg: 144pp. *Muller, O.F. (1776) Zoologie Danicae Prodromus. Copenhagen: 282pp. Oudemans. A.C. (1915) Notizen uber Acari. Archiv. Naturg. 81: 1-78 Pritchard, A.E. and Baker, E.W. (1955) A revision of the spider mite family Tetranychidae. Pacific Coast Entomology Society Memoirs 2: 1- 472 Reck, G.F. and Bagdasarian, A.T. (1949) Opisanie novyh vidov ie rodov Petrobia i Tetranychina (Tetranychidae, Acariina). Dokl. Akad. Nauk Arm. S.S.R. 10: 189-192 Reck, G.F. (1959) A key to tetranychoid mites. Fauna Trans. Caucasia Akad. Nauk Gruz. S.S.R. 1: 1-152 Sayed, M.T. (1946) Contribution to the knowledge of Acarina of Egypt. V. Five new species of Tetranychidae. Bull. Soc. Fouad., Ier Entomol. 30: 79-97 Schrank, F.P. (1781) Enumeratio Insectorum Austriae Indigenorum. Beitr. natur. Augsburg, Germany, 8: 548 pp. Tragardh, I. (1904) IV. Acariden aus Agypten und dem Sudan. 1. Teil. Results Swedish Zool. Exped. Egypt White Nile, 1901, Upsala, 20: 1- 124 Wainstein, B.A. (1960) Tetranychoid mites of Kazakhstan (with revision of the family). Kazakh. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk. Nauch. Issled. Inst. Zashch. Rast. Tr. 5: 1-276 +Womersley, H. (1940) Studies in Australian Acarina, Tetranychidae and Trichadenidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 64: 233-265 Copyright © 2018. All rights reserved.