Diversity of ground (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in vineyard habitats from Dobrogea

Marius SKOLKA1, Cristina PREDA1, Florina STANESCU1, Elena TEMNEANU1, Daniyar MEMEDEMIN1

1 “Ovidius” University of Constantza, Department of Natural Sciences, Aleea Universităţii nr. 1, corp B, 900470 Constanţa, , [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] ; [email protected]; [email protected]

Introduction predator BG omnivore_pred Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are one of the phytophagous omnivore_phyt most common group in all terrestrial habitats. A Anchomenus dorsalis diversified food regime allows them to develop GM important populations even in types of habitats strongly

affected by human intervention. Although there are crepitans some of the most affected types of agro-ecosystems, vineyard habitats had a particular ground fauna. CC The Carabid mentioned from such habitats had Ophonus ardosiacus a large variety of food habits and in some cases could develop large population. 0 5 10 15 20 25 Amara lunicolis No of species Vineyard in Murfatlar area Results The phytophagous species (23 species from Harpalus, Acinopus, Ophonus, Zabrus genera) dominated the samples. The second group was the predator species (7) belonging to genera as Anchomenus, Licinus, Microlestes, Spodrus, Syntomus, Trechus. 11 species had mixed trophic regime: 6 of them were omnivore- phytophagous species (belonging to genera as Amara, Paraophonus, Poecillus) and 5 were omnivore-predators species (from Brachinus, Calathus, Laemostenus and BG - mechanical removal GM - sown crops CC - no removal of Pterostichus genera). of vegetation Medicago sativa vegetation, irregularly mown incorporated in the soil Coleoptera - larve Coleoptera varia Hirticomus hispidus 6% 1% 5% Drasterius bimaculatus Opatrum sabulosus Dermestus maculatus 0% Crypticus susquilius Zabrus tenebrioides 1% 1% 1% 0% Methods and Materials Agriotes obscurus Anchomenus dorsalis C. sanguinolenta 1% Saprinus communis 0% Omonadus bifasciatus 0% 0% 0% Harpalus cisteloides Gnaptor spinimanus During 2016 and 2017, we carried out a research study in hurkai Cordicollis instabilis 0% 0% 0% several vineyards from eastern part of Dobrogea (Murfatlar Ipidae Hirticolis hispidus 0% Harpalus servus 10% area). The study revealed correlations between vegetation 0% Harpalus honestus Staphilinide cover, type of soil management and the Carabid fauna. 0% 1% Curculiondae Harpalus attenuatus 0% Ground beetles were collected using the pitfall traps 0% Harpalus pumilus method, and the number of species identified was Harpalus rufitarsis 0% Brachinus crepitans 41% relatively high, exceeding 40 taxons. In terms of food 0% Harpalus rufipes habits, ground beetles were classified into four main 4% Harpalus subcylindricus types: predators, phytophagous species, species with 0% Harpalus aeneus 0% mixed trophic regime predominantly with predator habits Brachinus explodens Harpalus griseus 18% 3% and species with mixed trophic regime predominantly with Amara concina 0% Syntomus truncatellus Harpalus albanicus phytophagous regime. 0% 0% Ophonus ardosiacus Amara lunicollis 0% 1% Trechus obtusus Calathus melanocephalus 0% Amara lucida varia 1% Ophonus azureus 0% Spodrus leucophthalmus 0% Tenebrionidae 0% Amara sabulosa/solicita BG 0% Staphylinidae Microlestes corticallis Calathus fuscipes Parohonus complanatus Ophonus laticollis 0% 1% 0% 0% Histeridae Conclusions GM Elateridae Curculionidae Ground beetle fauna from vineyards in Murfatlar area was Chrysomelidae dominated by omnivorous beetles with preponderant predatory preferences like Brachinus beetles. Regarding the number of Anthicidae CC species, phytophagous ground beetles were dominant in all three Carabidae soil management types. The highest species richness was recorded in the sown crop treatment, however Shannon diversity 1 10 100 1000 10000 index had the lowest value due to few dominating species (1.24 No of individuals (log scale) compared to 2.11 or 2.18 in treatments where the vegetation was regularly removed i.e. CC and BG). The diversity of ground beetles is related to soil management but the data suggests further Acknowledgement analyses are required to unravel the influence of other factors.

The data was obtained within the research project "Management concept for Central European vineyard ecosystems: Promoting Ecosystem Services in Grapes - PromESSinG" and is funded through the 2013-14 BiodivERsA/FACCE-JPI joint call for research proposals, part of the ERA-NET scheme of the European Union (FP7), with the national funders BMBF (Germany), ANR (France), FWF () SNSF () and the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CCCDI – UEFISCDI. Project number: PN3-P3-61/17.12.2015 contract no. 21/2015, within PNCDI III (www.promessing.eu).