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Circulation and Mixing in Greater Cook Strait, New Zealand
OCEANOLOGICA ACTA 1983- VOL. 6- N" 4 ~ -----!~- Cook Strait Circulation and mixing Upwelling Tidal mixing Circulation in greater Cook S.trait, Plume Détroit de Cook Upwelling .New Zealand Mélange Circulation Panache Malcolm J. Bowrnan a, Alick C. Kibblewhite b, Richard A. Murtagh a, Stephen M. Chiswell a, Brian G. Sanderson c a Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. b Physics Department, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. c Department of Oceanography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. Received 9/8/82, in revised form 2/5/83, accepted 6/5/83. ABSTRACT The shelf seas of Central New Zealand are strongly influenced by both wind and tidally driven circulation and mixing. The region is characterized by sudden and large variations in bathymetry; winds are highly variable and often intense. Cook Strait canyon is a mixing basin for waters of both subtropical and subantarctic origins. During weak winds, patterns of summer stratification and the loci of tidal mixing fronts correlate weil with the h/u3 stratification index. Under increasing wind stress, these prevailing patterns are easily upset, particularly for winds b1owing to the southeasterly quarter. Under such conditions, slope currents develop along the North Island west coast which eject warm, nutrient depleted subtropical water into the surface layers of the Strait. Coastal upwelling occurs on the flanks of Cook Strait canyon in the southeastern approaches. Under storm force winds to the south and southeast, intensifying transport through the Strait leads to increased upwelling of subsurface water occupying Cook Strait canyon at depth. -
Taranaki-Whanganui Conservation Board Notice of Appeal
To The ReGistrar of the HiGh Court at WellinGton and To The Respondent and To The Applicant and To Other submitters This document notifies you that: 1 The appellant, being the Taranaki-WhanGanui Conservation Board (Conservation Board), will move the HiGh Court at WellinGton by way of appeal against the decision of the majority decision of the decision making committee of the Environmental Protection Authority (DMC), dated 3 AuGust 2017, public notice #EEZ000011, in which a marine consent and marine discharge consent was granted to Trans-Tasman Resources Limited (TTRL). The Application and Decision 2 TTRL applied for marine consents and marine discharge consents to enable it to mine iron sands in the South Taranaki BiGht, 22-36km offshore (Application). Up to 50 million tonnes of seabed material could be mined and processed each year, for up to 35 years. 3 The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) made its decision on the application through its DMC (Decision). The DMC’s Decision was split. Two of the DMC’s members considered that the consents should be refused. They took the view that: … overall the localised adverse environmental effects on the Patea Shoals and tangata whenua existing interests are unacceptable, and are not avoided, remedied or mitigated by the conditions imposed. We also have concerns reGardinG uncertainty and the adequacy of environmental protection within the coastal marine area (CMA).1 4 However, the Chair held the castinG vote, and exercised it in favour of granting consent. Accordingly, the “majority decision” was to grant consent. 5 The DMC made its Decision on 3 August 2017. -
Blue Whale Ecology in the South Taranaki Bight Region of New Zealand
Blue whale ecology in the South Taranaki Bight region of New Zealand January-February 2016 Field Report March 2016 1 Report prepared by: Dr. Leigh Torres, PI Assistant Professor; Oregon Sea Grant Extension agent Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Marine Mammal Institute Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center 2030 SE Marine Science Drive Newport, OR 97365, U.S.A +1-541-867-0895; [email protected] Webpage: http://mmi.oregonstate.edu/gemm-lab Lab blog: http://blogs.oregonstate.edu/gemmlab/ Dr. Holger Klinck, Co-PI Technology Director Assistant Professor Bioacoustics Research Program Oregon State University and Cornell Lab of Ornithology NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Cornell University Hatfield Marine Science Center 159 Sapsucker Woods Road 2030 SE Marine Science Drive Ithaca, NY 14850, USA Newport, OR 97365, USA Tel: +1.607.254.6250 Email: [email protected] Collaborators: Ian Angus1, Todd Chandler2, Kristin Hodge3, Mike Ogle1, Callum Lilley1, C. Scott Baker2, Debbie Steel2, Brittany Graham4, Philip Sutton4, Joanna O’Callaghan4, Rochelle Constantine5 1 New Zealand Department of Conservation (DOC) 2 Oregon State University, Marine Mammal Institute 3 Bioacoustics Research Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University 4 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Ltd. (NIWA) 5 University of Auckland, School of Biological Sciences Research program supported by: The Aotearoa Foundation, The National Geographic Society Waitt Foundation, The New Zealand Department of Conservation, The Marine Mammal Institute at Oregon State University, The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration’s Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies (NOAA/CIMRS), Greenpeace New Zealand, OceanCare, Kiwis Against Seabed Mining, and an anonymous donor. -
Retrieval of Suspended Sediment Concentration in Near-Shore Coastal Waters Using MODIS Data
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Retrieval of suspended sediment concentration in near-shore coastal waters using MODIS data A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy In Earth Science At Massey University, Palmerston North New Zealand Di Zhou 2012 1 Abstract: This study focuses on using remote sensing satellite data to retrieve water suspended sediment concentration (SSC) of near-shore coastal waters. Aqua/Terra Satellite MODIS 250m data of the south-western coast of the North Island, New Zealand was used. Two methods of analysis are used in this study to obtain an SSC map; non-liner optimisation and quasi-analytical. The non-linear optimisation method was used to fit an exponential function between reflectance and SSC, with SSC replaced by a linear relationship between SSC and reflectance in the near infrared domain. The optimisation result was used to convert Aqua/Terra MODIS images to SSC maps. The quasi-analytical method, a backscattering coefficient at 645nm is first derived from Aqua/Terra MODIS 250m Band 1 data using a quasi-analytical algorithm after applying a simple atmospheric correction routine. An empirical relationship was derived from laboratory experiments. Finally SSC maps were obtained by applying the empirical relationship to convert the backscattering coefficient to SSC. 2 Acknowledgements I would firstly like to thank my supervisor Mike Tuohy for his time and thoughtful advice throughout the preparation of this thesis. -
Appendix C – Geotechnical Assessment
Appendix C – Geotechnical Assessment Whanganui District Council Mill Road Structure Plan Geotechnical Assessment October 2017 Table of contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Scope of this report ......................................................................................................... 3 1.3 General Site Setting ........................................................................................................ 3 2. Published Geological Information .............................................................................................. 4 2.1 Geology .......................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Earthquakes .................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Known Active Faults ........................................................................................................ 6 2.4 Liquefaction Susceptibility ............................................................................................... 6 2.5 Slope Stability ................................................................................................................. 6 2.6 Site Sub-Soil Class ......................................................................................................... -
Seabed Mining (KASM), Posted a Facebook Page Inviting People to Turn up at the Stadium When Hearings Began
MINING MINEFIELD A company called Trans-Tasman Resources is having a second go at setting up a world-first project to mine iron ore from the seabed off South Taranaki’s coast. The company (TTR) has spent a decade and about $70 million to hone its case for Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) consent to take more than a billion tonnes of iron- bearing sand off the sea floor over 25 or so years. The process – which will return 90 percent of what’s extracted back to the seabed - will bring in about $400 million a year in off-shore ore sales, with our government getting about $6 million in annual royalties. The project is expected to increase Taranaki’s gross domestic product by about $220 million a year (half that of Methanex) and create about 300 jobs. Sound like a good deal? Somewhere between 13,733 and about 17,000 people (the total is disputed) don’t think so. Many people living in South Taranaki and further afield, local iwi, most of the fishing industry, and a close-neighbour oil company are worried about what it might do to the environment and local communities. That uncertainty has prompted their representative organisations and many individuals to fight the company to the bitter end. The case will be a precedent-setter under the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Act. Environmentalists don’t like the law, partly because it excludes climate change-causing emissions as grounds for objection, and partly because they reckon it’s the National government’s way of opening up our 200 kilometre-wide continental shelf to big overseas business. -
The Evolution of the Rural Settlement Pattern Of
THE EVOLUTION OF THE RURAL SETTLEMENT PATTERN OF LOWLAND SOUTH TARAN.AKI 1860 - 1920 BEING A THESIS presented to UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in Geography By G.I. RAWSON 1967 CONTENTS Page CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 Aim Sources Method Physical Setting References CHAPTER TWO: THE BEGININGS OF SETTLEMENT 11 (a) The Settlement Pattern 1868-1870 The Need For Security The ITilTllaturity Of Settlement The Pattern Was A Simple One (b) The 1870's - Some Continuing Themes Settlement Characteristics The Position Of The Maori Government Influence Increased Regional Identity References CHAPTER THREE: THE OCCUPATION OF THE BUSHLANDS 25 The Demand For Land Government Assistance The Prog+ess of Settlement References CHAPTER FOUR: SOUTH TARANAKI 1884-1886 33 (a) Where The People Were (b) The Farming Scene The Established Farms1 The Bush Farms First Attempts At Dairying (c) Some Continuing Themes References CHAPTER FIVE: THE GROWTH OF DAIRYING 1886-1920 49 Initial Difficulties Initiative Taken By The Farmers The Role Of The Entrepreneur Progress To 1893 1893-1920 - The Final Developments References CHAPTER SIX: THE PATTERN COMPLETED - SOUTH TA.RA.NAKI 64 In 1920 CHAPTER SEVEN: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 69 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 73 FIGURES: Following Page Fig. 1 SOUTH TARAN.AKI 1868 - 1870 14 Fig. 2 SOUTH TARAN.AKI 1884 - 1886 34 Fig. 3 THE EXPANSION OF DAIRYING - 1888 - 1920 54 Fig. 4 SOUTH TARAN.AKI 1920 65 Fig. 5 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPS In End Pocket J;>LATES: Following Page PLATE ONE: The Waimate Plains 6 PLATE TWO: The Waingongoro Valley 6 PLATE THREE: Undulating Land near Eltham 7 PLATE FOUR: The Hurleyville area 7 PLATE FIVE: The Fringes of The Hill Country 39 PLATE SIX: A Raupo Whare In The 1880 1 s 39 PLATE SEVEN: The Manutahi Area 58 PLATE EIGHT: Kakaramea 58 PLATE NINE: The Fraser Road Dairy Factory 67 PLATE TEN: Unimproved Land Near Eltham 67 Unless otherwise acknowledged all photographs were taken by the author. -
Lake Rotorangi Water-Quality and Biological State of the Environment Report
State of the Environment Monitoring of Lake Rotorangi water quality and biological programme Annual Report 2013-2014 Technical Report 2014-22 ISSN: 0114-8184 (Print) Taranaki Regional Council ISSN: 1178-1467 (Online) Private Bag 713 Document: 1420188 (Word) STRATFORD Document: 1460601 (Pdf) March 2015 Executive summary Consents 0488 and 0489, originally granted to Egmont Electricity Ltd (then held by Powerco Ltd and more recently transferred to TrustPower Ltd) for the Patea Dam, required water quality and biological monitoring of Lake Rotorangi and lake level monitoring. At the time of granting the consents (1978) a Tribunal recognised that a recreational lake resource of regional importance would be formed but at the same time the potential existed for a range of adverse environmental impacts to occur. Monitoring programmes and reports had continued since 1984. The report covering the 2010-2011 period (the twenty-first annual report) was the final report in this format, with subsequent lake water quality monitoring reported as a state of the environment annual report, in part financed by TrustPower. The consent holder lodged renewal applications in late 2007. The renewal process which continued through the 2008-2009 period, culminated in a formal hearing in June 2009 followed by appeals with subsequent, on-going, mediation during 2009-2010. The new consents became operative in mid December 2010 with considerable changes in conditions and associated monitoring requirements. A NIWA consultant's report concerning trends in Lake Rotorangi water quality, commissioned by Council during the 1995-96 monitoring year, confirmed earlier monitoring reports' conclusions and identified minor adjustments and additions to future programmes to enable long term trend monitoring to be performed in accordance with State of the Environment monitoring requirements. -
Policy & Planning Committee Agenda February 2020
Tuesday 4 February 2020, 10.30am Policy and Planning Committee - Agenda Date: Tuesday 4 February 2020, 10.30am Venue: Taranaki Regional Council chambers, 47 Cloten Road, Stratford Members Councillor C L Littlewood (Committee Chairperson) Councillor N W Walker (Committee Deputy Chairperson) Councillor M G Davey Councillor M J McDonald Councillor D H McIntyre Councillor C S Williamson Councillor E D Van Der Leden Councillor D N MacLeod (ex officio) Councillor M P Joyce (ex officio) Representative Councillor Stacey Hitchcock (NPDC) Members Councillor Grant Boyde (SDC) Councillor Chris Young (STDC) My Phill Muir (Federated Farmers) Iwi representative members have not yet been appointed. Apologies Notification of Late Items Item Page Subject Purpose of Committee and Health and Safety Message Item 1 4 Confirmation of Minutes Item 2 11 Pesticides and Emerging Organic Contaminants in Groundwater Item 3 84 Pesticides in surface water survey Item 4 100 Freshwater Improvement Fund Project 'Transforming Taranaki' Item 5 104 Update on Proposed Coastal Plan for Taranaki: Appeals Item 6 110 Taranaki Estuarine Vulnerability Assessment - Consultant report Item 7 270 Review Navigation Bylaws for Port Taranaki and its Approaches Item 8 299 Draft National Policy Statement for Indigenous Biodiversity Item 9 318 Transitioning Taranaki to a Volcanic Future Closing Karakia and Karakia for kai 2 Policy and Planning Committee - Agenda Purpose of Policy and Planning Committee meeting This committee attends to all matters of policy developed either in-house or by third parties. Responsibilities Prepare and review regional policy statements, plans and strategies and convene as a Hearing Committee as and when required for the hearing of submissions. -
Trustpower Ltd Patea Hydro Scheme Monitoring Report
Trustpower Limited Patea Hydroelectric Power Scheme Monitoring Programme Report 2011-2014 Technical Report 2014-88 ISSN: 0144-8184 (Print) Taranaki Regional Council ISSN: 1178-1467 (Online) Private Bag 713 Document: 1459012 (Word) STRATFORD Document: 1480530 (Pdf) April 2015 Executive summary Trustpower Limited (the Company) operates a hydroelectric power station located on the Patea River on Maben Road, near Hurleyville. Water is impounded behind the 82m high Patea Dam to form Lake Rotorangi. This water is diverted through the 30 MW power station, the largest in Taranaki. This report for the period July 2011–June 2014 describes the monitoring programme implemented by the Taranaki Regional Council (the Council) to assess the Company’s environmental performance during the period under review, and the results and environmental effects of the Company’s activities. The Company holds 10 resource consents, which include a total of 146 conditions setting out the requirements that the Company must satisfy. The Company holds three consents to allow it to dam, take and/or use water, two consents to discharge water into the Patea River, three consents for structures associated with the scheme and two consents to discharge emissions into the air at this site. During the monitoring period, Trustpower Limited demonstrated an overall level of environmental performance that required improvement. The Council’s monitoring programme for the period under review included seven inspections and two hydrological gaugings. In addition, analysis of generation data, lake level data, Patea River flow and groundwater abstraction data, provided by the Company, was conducted. The Council also reviewed numerous reports submitted in accordance with consent conditions. -
North Island Regulations
Fish & Game 1 2 3 5 4 6 Check www.fishandgame.org.nz for details of regional boundaries Code of Conduct .................................................................4 National Sports Fishing Regulations ....................................5 First Schedule .....................................................................7 1. Northland .......................................................................11 2. Auckland/Waikato ..........................................................15 3. Eastern ..........................................................................22 4. Hawke's Bay ...................................................................30 5. Taranaki .........................................................................33 6. Wellington .....................................................................37 The regulations printed in this guide booklet are subject to the Minister of Conservation’s approval. A copy of the published Anglers’ Notice in the New Zealand Gazette is available on www.fishandgame.org.nz Cover Photo: Jaymie Challis 3 Regulations CODE OF CONDUCT Please consider the rights of others and observe the anglers’ code of conduct • Always ask permission from the land occupier before crossing private property unless a Fish & Game access sign is present. • Do not park vehicles so that they obstruct gateways or cause a hazard on the road or access way. • Always use gates, stiles or other recognised access points and avoid damage to fences. • Leave everything as you found it. If a gate is open or closed leave it that way. • A farm is the owner’s livelihood and if they say no dogs, then please respect this. • When driving on riverbeds keep to marked tracks or park on the bank and walk to your fishing spot. • Never push in on a pool occupied by another angler. If you are in any doubt have a chat and work out who goes where. • However, if agreed to share the pool then always enter behind any angler already there. • Move upstream or downstream with every few casts (unless you are alone). -
NEW ZEALAND NOTICES to MARINERS Notices NZ 212 – 225 © Crown Copyright 2013
EDITION 22 25 October 2013 NEW ZEALAND NOTICES TO MARINERS Notices NZ 212 – 225 © Crown Copyright 2013. All rights Reserved. Permission is not required to make analogue copies of these Notices but such copies are not to be sold. CONTENTS I Explanatory Notes. II New Zealand Notices to Mariners. III Corrections to New Zealand Light List. IV Corrections to Sailing Directions and New Zealand Publications. V Navigational Warnings (NAVAREA XIV). VI Corrections to Admiralty List of Radio Signals. New Zealand Notices to Mariners are the authority for correcting New Zealand charts within the New Zealand area of charting responsibility as shown in Annual Notice No. 1 . Mariners are requested to immediately inform New Zealand Hydrographic Authority, Land Information New Zealand, 155 The Terrace, PO Box 5501, Wellington 6145, New Zealand, Phone: 0800 665 463 or +64 (0)4 460-0110, Fax: +64 (0)4 460-0161, email: [email protected], of the discovery of new or suspected dangers to navigation, or shortcomings in charts and publications. A copy of a Hydrographic Note, a convenient form on which to send such information, is included at the end of Section VI of the Fortnightly Notices to Mariners. Changes or defects in aids to navigation should be reported to the Rescue Coordination Centre New Zealand (RCCNZ) via the nearest New Zealand Coastal Maritime Radio Station Phone: +64 (0)4 577-8030, Fax: +64 (0)4 577-8038 or +64 (0)4 577-8041, email: [email protected] . Copies of these Notices can be obtained from Land Information New Zealand, Maritime New Zealand, Principal Chart Agents at the major ports of New Zealand and the Internet: www.linz.govt.nz .