District Census Handbook, 40-Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
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Census of India, 1951 DnSTIRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK UTTAR PRADESH 4O-LUCkNOW DISTRICT ALLAd B<\D: SlJPFJUNTENDENT, PRnnlNG AND S'tATICJNEkV, UTI'AR PRAl>ESl-, "1 ND[A ------------------ . ----------!---I DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 LUCKNOW DISTRICT FOREWORD Several states, including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistics by districts at each census. In 194I they were published in U. P. under the title" District Census Statistics" with a .separate volume for each district. In the I951 census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view of the requirements of the country, the district;,wise volume has been expanded into a cc District Census Hand, . book, " which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break;,up for census tracts within the district),.. the District 'Index of non;,agriculturai occupations and other miscellaneous statistics in additi~n to the usual village population statistics. The village, population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the division of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district;,wise volumes giving only I population figures of rural areas by villages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and entitled " District Population Statistics" has alre~dy been published. This separate I series was necessitated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local bodies. The printing -of the District Census Handbooks involves colossal work and is bound to take some time. RAJESHW ARI PR.ASAD, l.A.S., R.AMPUR : Superintendent, Census OperatiOtlf, April 8, 1953. Uttar Pradesh .. CONTENTS PBEFADB IN'rRoPUOTION- A-The District i-vi B-The Statistics vi-viii PART I-DISTRICT CENSUS TABLES A-GENEltAL POPULATION TABLES- A-I Area, Houses and Population 3 A-II Variation in Population during Fifty Yelll'1< 3 A-III Towns and Villages Classified by Population 4 A-IV Towns Cl£lssj fj ed by Population with V'lriations si nC€ 1901 5 A -V Town'! al'l'angoo. Tel'l'itol'ially with Population by Livelihood Classe"! 6 E Area and Population of District and Teh~i1s by Livelihood Clasfles 7-8 B-EoONOl\1IO TABLES- B-1 Livelihood Classes and Sub· classes 9-11 B-II Secondary Means of Livelihood 12-19 B -III Employers, E.m;p~oyees and Independent Workers in Indllstries and Services by Divisions and Sub·dIVlSIons . • . 20-42 B -IV Unemployment by Livelihood Ch1.sses. 43-44 Index of Non-agricultural Occupations .• 45-51 c-HOUSEROLD AND AGE (SAMPLE) TABLES·- C-I Household (size and composition) 52-53 C-II Livelihood Classes by Age Groups 54-57 C--III Age and Civil Conditoion • 58-60 C-IV AgeandLiteracy .. 61-63 C-V Single Year Age Returns 64-70 n-SOOlAL AND CULT (]R.AL Tl.BLEs- D-l Languageos-(i) Mot,her Tongue 71-73 (ii) Bilingnllliflm 74-77 D-II Religion 78 D-III Scheduled Castes 79 D-IV Migrants 80-83 D-V (i) Displaced Persons by Year ofArrivalin India 84 (ii) Displaced Persons by Livelihood Clas!;es 85 D-VI Non-IndianNationals 85 D.-VII Livelihood Classes by Educational Standards 86-89 PART Il-VILLAGE, TOWN, PARGANA AND THANA STATISTICS Primary CensllS Abst,ract 92-119 2 Pargana and Thana-wise population 120 PART lIr·-MISCELLANEOUS STATISTICS 122-125 Vital Sta.tistics / 126 2 Agricultural Statistics 3 Livestock, Agricultural Machinery anrl Implements 127-130 131-134 4 List of Primary SchoolA INTRODUCTION A-THE DISTRICT The district of Lucknow, although the smallest in the state after Rampur, is one of the most important because of the Capital City of Lucknow. It has a total area of 976 square miles and its population in 1951 was 11.28 lakhs. It has 3 tehsils, 7 parganas, and 14 thanas. 2. The whole of 'the district is level alluvial plain devoid of hills or eminences. It Topography is traversed by two rivers, the Gomati and the Sai, which with their various distributaries form the main drainage of the country. The soil is in general light alluvial loam. There' are many local variations ranging from pure sand to a heavy clay There are large areas of inferior land in the neigh1:Jourhood of the-...!'!"yers, and in the south-western pargL.nas there is much heavy clay which is only suitable for rice. These clay tracts have defective drainage and contain large areas of usar land. Nodular lime stone or kankar is found in all parts of the district. There are no forests and very little jungle. But the district is well provided with groves, specially man_go groves. 3. The climate of Lucknow presents no features differing from that of northern Olimate and India generally. Th~ City of Lucknow is, of course, much hotter than the district, the rainfall great expanse of the city with its innumerable brick-houses and glaring metalled roads retaining the heat longer than the open country. The mean temperature varies between S'S.Si:!F and 113.5°F. The average rainfall is 40 inches. 4. The figures of classification of area during the last 10 years are given in Table 2 Classification of Part III of this volume. The proportion of the area under the various categories works of atca out as follows for 1949-50: Cultivated area 56.9% Culturable waste (exoitld ing current fallow) 19.0% Current ft'tllow 3.8% Forest 0.8% Area not available 19.5% for oultivl!-tion of which- (a) covered with water 4.5% (b) under sites, roads and buildings 4.0% (e) barren 11.0% According to Subsidiary Table 4.7 in Part I-B of the Report the figures of net area sown and area sown more than once (average for the quinquennium preceding the census year) for the district of Lucknow are as follows : • 1921 1931 ----1941 1951 Average net area sown 364,510 348.868 344.657 ---350,183 Average area sown more than onco 95,383 82,943 92.361 96,766 ------------ 1t will appear that the average not-area sown once fell from 1921 to 1931 'as well as from 1931-to 1941 but has registered an increase in 1951, although the 1921 level has not yot been reached. 'l'he average area sown more than once fell sharply in 1931 but increased in 1941 (although the net area sown decreased) ltnd has reached the peak. in 1951. 5. Irrigation is done by wells and tanks and since 1928 by the Sarda canal also. Irrigation, In l1)4\}-50 irrigation by cana,ls covered. 55.1 per cent, by wells 14.3 per cent, and by other sources 30.6 per cent of the irrigated area. Ac~or~ing to the Subsidiary ~a~le 4.7 in Part I-B of the Report the figures of average net area IrrIgated and average area Irngated more than once (average for the quinquennium preceding the census year) for the district of Lucknow are as follows :- 1921 1931 1941 1951 Averl\ge net area irrigated 119,166 96,212 119.674 107, 170 Average area irrigated more than once 5,324 6,378 8,220 9,412 It _will appear that the av?rage net area irrigated fell sharply in 1931, rose in 1941 and agam regIstered a decrease III 1951. The average area irrigated. more than once has however, been continuously increasing. ' 6. More acreage is sown in kharif than in rabi. The principal kharif crop is rice Orops fol~owed by Juar and Bajra. Th~ p:incipa~ rabi crop is whea~ followed by gram and barley. Za~d crops are also sown, the prmCIpal bemg melons for WhICh Lucknow is famous. 7. Table 3 of Part III gives the figures of livestock together with agricultural ma Livestock chines and implements as determined at the last six livestock censuses since 1920. ( ii ) The figures of cattle which were almost stationary at about 2.5 lakhs until 1944: bas increased to 2.8 lakhs in 1951. This increase is shared by all categories, particularly working bullocks and breeding cows. The restriction of cow slaughter appears to be largely responsible for these increases. The buffaloes also have increased slightly from 0.95 lakhs in 1944 to 0.97 lakhs in 1951 although the peak figure of 1.03 lakhs registered in 1935 has not yet been reached. Sheep hav:e been steadily decreasing since 1920. The number now is only 8,168 against 22,126 of 1920. The number of goats reached the peak figure of 1.15 lakhs in 1935, suddenly went down to only 0.67lakhs in 1944, and has now increased slightl~ to 0'71 lakhs. The reduction in the number of both sheep and goats appears to have been due to the abnormal consumption of meat during war time. Horsee;; and ponies are also declining in number. Apparently this is due to the neglect resulting from the development of motor and rickshaw transport. Donkeys and other animals are also declining in number. Poultry appears to be maintaining its strength at about 23,000. Ploughs-The number of ploughs has been gradua~ly increasing. It registered a remarkable increase from D.63 lakhs in 1944 to 0.75 lakhs in 1951. The number of improved (iron) ploughs is also increasing rapidly although their number is still very small (1,536). Distributed on 1,000 -of human popUlation the figures of the main categories of live stock as enumerated at 1951 livestock census are as follows Cattle Buffa.loes Sheep Goats Poultry Other animals 251 86 7 63 21 13 It will appear that the cattle and buffaloes alone are just one-third of the human population Cows and she-buffaloes in milk are 25 and 19 per thousand of the human population.